District Environmental Plan South

OA 360 NGT District Environment Plan for South Goa District
DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT PLAN
FOR
SOUTH GOA DISTRICT
YEAR 2020
1
Table of contents
S.No Particulars Page No

Preamble 04
1 Brief Profile of South Goa District 07
1.1 Location 09
1.2. Topography & Physiography 09
1.3. Rivers & Water bodies 12
1.4 Coastal areas 15
1.5. Forests 16
1.6 Environmentally Sensitive Areas 21
1.7. Soil 24
1.8. Geology & Hydrogeology 25
1.9. Mineral Deposits & Mining 28
1.10. Industrial Development: 30
1.11 Major industries 30
1.12. Climate 33
1.13. Administrative Setup 34
2. Introduction 35
3. Approach Methodology 35
4 Waste Management Plan 36
4.1 Solid Waste Management 37
4.2 Plastic Waste Management 49
4.3 C&D Waste Management 53
4.4 Bio – Medical Waste Management 57
4.5 Hazardous Waste Management. 61
4.6 E-Waste Management 65
5. Water Quality Management 68
6. Domestic Sewage Management Plan. 76
7. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan 80
8. Mining activity management plan 83
9. Air Quality Management Plan. 88
10. Noise Pollution Management Plan 92
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Abbreviations
NGT : National Green Tribunal
DEP : District Environment Plan
CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board
C&D : Construction and Debris
HTL : High Tide Line
CRZ : Coastal Regulatory Zones
LTL : Low Tide Line
NCSCM : National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management

MoEF&CC : Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
CZMP : Coastal Zone Management Plan
GCZMA: Goa Coastal Zone Management Authority
NDZ :No Development Zone
GSWA :Goa State Wetland Authority
GIS : Geographic information system
MoWR : Ministry of Water Resources
MSME : Micro, small & medium enterprises
GIDC : Goa Industrial development corporation
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment
CHWTSDF : Common hazardous waste treatment storage and disposal facility
CPCB : Central Pollution control board
SDO : Sub Divisional Officer
GSUDA :Goa State Urban Development Agency
DIDC :District industrial Development Corporation
GWMC : Goa Waste Management Corporation
WRD :Water resource department
GSPCB : Goa state pollution control board
SWM : solid waste management rules
MC : Municipal Councils
V.P : Village Panchayats
SFR :State of forest report
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PREAMBLE
Hon’ble National Green Tribunal in O.A. No. 710/2017 dated 15.07.2019, further in O.A. No.
360 /2018, (M.A. No. 823/2018) (SLP (Civil) No. 2959/2014), dated 26/09/2019 ordered to
form the District Committee ( as a part of District Planning Committee under Article 243 ZD) for
the preparation of District Environment plan as a Constitutional provisions under Articles 243 G,
243 W, 243 ZD read with Schedules 11 and 12 and Rule 15 of the Solid Waste Management Rules,
2016.
In the above said order, it is stated that among others

“Chief Secretaries may personally monitor compliance of environmental norms (including
BMW Rules) with the District Magistrate once every month. The District Magistrates may
conduct such monitoring twice every month.
“We find it necessary to add that in view of Constitutional provisions under Articles 243 G,
243 W, 243 ZD read with Schedules 11 and 12 and Rule 15 of the Solid Waste Management
Rules, 2016, it is necessary to have a District Environment Plan to be operated by a District
Committee (as a part of District Planning Committee under Article 243 ZD) with
representatives from Panchayats, Local Bodies, Regional Officers, State PCB and a suitable
officer representing the administration, which may in turn be chaired and monitored by the
District Magistrate. Such District Environment Plans and Constitution of District Committee
may be placed on the website of Districts concerned. The monthly report of monitoring by the
District Magistrate may be furnished to the Chief Secretary and may be placed on the website
of the District and kept on such websites for a period of one year. This may be made
operative from 1.08.2019. Compliance of this direction may also be seen by the Chief
Secretaries of the States/UTs. This may not only comply with mandate of law but provide an
institutional mechanism for effective monitoring of environment norms.”
In view of these directions, District collector of South Goa vide letter no 37/42/ NGT-713-
2017 /2019/MAG/X/12836 dated 19.11.2019 constituted District Committee with
representatives from Village Panchayats, Municipal Council , Regional Offices, Goa State
Pollution Control Board, Dept of Environment and an officer representing the administration
for preparing District Environment plan. This District Committee chaired and monitored by
the South Goa District Magistrate.
The members of District Environment Committee for South Goa District formed as under.
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Table 1. District Committee- South Goa

Sr.no Name Designation
1 District Magistrate – South Goa District Chairman
2. GM, Goa Waste Management Corporation Member
3 Deputy Director (South) Directorate of Panchayats Member
4. Add. Chief Engineer (I&P) Water resource department Member
5 Dy Director (Public Health) Directorate of Health Member
services
6 Dy. Director (industries), DITC Member
7 Dy. Director (I) Directorate of Mines & Geology Member
8 DYSP, Traffic (South Goa) Member
9 DYSP, Margao Member
10 Dy. Conservator of Forest (South) Dept. of Forest Member
11 GM, Sewerage & Infrastructural Development Corp. Member
of Goa Ltd.
12 Chief Officer, Margao Municipal Council Member
13 Chief Officer, Mormugoa Municipal Council Member
14 Chief Officer, Quepem Municipal Council Member
15 Chief Officer, Sanguem Municipal Council Member
16 Chief Officer, Curchorem Municipal Council Member
17 Chief Officer, Ponda Municipal Council Member
18 Chief Officer, Canacona Municipal Council Member
19 Chief Officer, Cuncolim Municipal Council Member
20 Jr. Environment Engineer GSPCB Member
21 OSD to the Department of Environment Convenor-
Member
Secretary
A meeting of the District Environment Committee to formulate the District Environment Plan
for South Goa District was held on 19/ 12/2019.
This DEP has been prepared in line with the model District Environment Plan (DEP) of CPCB
and covers following thematic areas.
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1. Waste Management Plan
 Solid Waste Management
 Plastic Waste Management
 Construction and Debris (C&D) Waste Management
 Biomedical Waste Management
 Hazardous Waste Management
 E-Waste Management
2. Water Quality Management Plan
3. Domestic Sewage Management Plan
4. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan
5. Air Quality Management Plan
6. Mining Activity Management plan
7. Noise Pollution Management Plan
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1. BRIEF PROFILE OF SOUTH GOA DISTRICT.
Goa, with an area of 3,702 sq. km is known as “The Pearl of the East”, Goa with its long
beaches along the Arabian Sea is a principal tourist choice.
Goa state comprises of two districts namely North Goa and South Goa. Exotic beaches and
heritage villages in South Goa district attracts tourists from all over the world. Colva beach,
Agonda beach and Palolem beach are the major beaches in South Goa district. Relics of rich
Portuguese architectural legacy are visible in the district. Madgao is the commercial capital
town of South Goa District. Two National highways NH 17 and NH 4A passes through the
district. Konkan Railway and South-Central Railway also pass through the district. A major
cargo handling Port is at Mormugao in South Goa. Dabolim Airport is in South Goa district
connects the State with major cities in the country and with many of the international cities.
South Goa District covers the entire southern part of Goa state. Arabian sea is to the west of
district, North Goa district to the North and Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka state is in the
East and South.
South Goa is situated between the latitudinal parallels of 15029′ 32″ North to 14053′ 57″
North and longitudinal parallels of 730 46′ 21″ East to 740 20′ 11″ East. From North to South
and from east to west the district spans 86 kms and 40 kms respectively. The total
geographical area of the district is 1966 sq. kms.
The district map of South Goa is presented as figure 1.
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Figure 1. South Goa District Map
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1.1 . Location
South Goa district lies between the latitudes of 150 29' 32" N and 140 53' 57" N and
longitudes of 730 46'21" E and 74 0 20'11"E. South Goa district is bounded by Arabian Sea to
the west, North Goa district to the North and uttar Kannada district of Karnataka to the East
and South. The district covers a geographical area of 1,966 Sq. km.
1.2. Topography & Physiography

The Goa state has undulating topography with slope varying from plain (slope <1%) to very
gentle, found mainly in the coastal areas to very steep (slope > 35%) along the eastern
boundary. However, gentle to moderate slope types are found more or less evenly
distributed throughout the South Goa district. Geographically the district is divided into
lowlands, plateau and mountainous region. Low land area is mainly coastal lines. Many
beaches are located in this area. This area is fertile and hence thickly populated. The plateau
region exists between the mountain region in the east and the lowlands in the west. In this
region, plenty of lateritic stone are found which are used for building purposes. Some of the
part of plateau land is called headlands and lighthouses are built on these headlands.
Sahyadri Mountains are to the east of South Goa. This part is covered with dense forest.
1.2.1. Physiography
Physio-graphically, Goa can be broadly classified into Coastal tract, sub-ghat region and the
high ranges of the Western Ghats. (Wagle B. G 2004). Goa has mainly three natural divisions
namely the Lowlands, the Plateaus and the Mountain region.
(i) Konkan Coast (low lands): Goa is a part of Konkan area. Low land area is mainly coastal
lines. The western and southwestern parts of Goa constitute the coastal plains. Central
land masses of this portion of Goa appear to have emerged out of the sea, as can be
observed at Margao and Canacona. The formation of the two major river systems viz.
Mandovi and Zuari has resulted from faults during the uplift of landmasses. Both the
rivers are of equal length and flow in the westerly direction. The coastal plains include
beaches, mudflats, swamps, saltpans and fluvio-littoral plains. Prominent beaches are
Betalbatim and Agonda.
(ii) Plateau Lands: The plateau region is found between the mountain region in the east
and the lowlands in the west. Plateau land height ranges from 30 meters to 100 meters.
Eastern parts of Sanguem and Quepem are occupied by undulating uplands with gentle
to moderate slopes, intercepted by concave depressions comprising valleys which are
mainly under paddy cultivation. The slope gradients range from 5 to 20 % and
occasionally go up to 30%. In this region mainly plenty of laterite stone is found. Some of
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the part of plateau land is called headland of Goa. Land in the plateau region is not
fertile, few crops are taken in this region.
(iii) Mountainous region: Sahyadri mountains are to the east of South Goa. The Western
Ghats, a continuous range of Sahyadri hills, form the commencement of the high hill
ranges in eastern Goa. The foot slopes of this range extend to Ponda, Sattari and interior
of Canacona in the south. These ranges occupy about 33% of the total area of Goa. The
altitudes of the principal hills range from 1022 m MSL (Darsinga) to 251 m near Cape de
Rama. This part is covered with dense forest. In this area, some of the mountains are
very steep.
In South Goa, the peaks are Chandranath at Paroda, Dudhsagar in Sanguem taluka and
Cormolghant in Canacona taluka. Many streams and rivers flow from this region.
Topography /physiography map of south Goa is depicted as figure 2.
Source : South Goa irrigation plan

Figure 2. Topography/ physiography map of south Goa
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Figure 3. Landuse map of south Goa
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1.3. Rivers & Water bodies

1.3.1. Rivers
Eleven rivers are sustaining the Goan ecosystems. Terekhol, Mandovi, Baga, Zuari, Colval,
Saleri, Mandre, Harmal, Sal, Talpona and Galjibag are the eleven rivers of Goa which are
known as the lifelines of the state. The rivers in Goa are unique in being both tidal and rain
fed, and therefore, perennial, except River Talpona, which is found to be partial perennial.
The surface water system of Goa is intimately linked up to their eco-development since they
provide irrigational facilities to agriculture, produces biotic and mineral resources, transport
ore from the mining areas to the port and ferries men and goods to different parts of the
state.
Goa’s eleven river basins are the important as they have nurtured the unique ecological and
cultural heritage of this lush green land. Most of these rivers are subjected to tidal variations
and salinity up to a distance of 20-40 km upstream from their respective mouth regions. All
this main eleven rivers and their 42 tributaries are significant, not only as the source of
potable water but they support also the Goan eco-systems.
Principal rivers flowing through the South Goa district are Zuari, Galjibagh, Sal, Saleri,
Talpona and Mandovi. Other rivers /rivulets in South Goa district are Maxem, Kushavati,
Ugem, Guleli, Maida, Kale, Khandepar/ Dudhsagar and Ragada. Zuari is the longest river in
the state of Goa and has second largest basin extends from Netravali to Panjim. Map
showing rivers, water bodies and drainage pattern of South Goa district as figure 4.
1.3.2. Water bodies

The major water bodies of Goa state are Carambolim Lake, Mayem Lake, Netravali Lake,
Kesarval Spring and Dhudhsagar Waterfalls. Of these Netravali lakes, Kesarval Spring and
Dhudhsagar Waterfalls are in South Goa District. Brief about them are given in following
paragraphs.
Netravali Lake: The Lake is in Sanguem Taluka and has unique characteristics. There are
continuous bubbles emerging on the surface of the lake upon clapping. The intensity of the
bubbles grows with live springs, which suddenly gushes out in full spectacle.
Kesarval Spring: Flowing through the woods at Quelossim, off the Panaji-Margao Highway
NH17, the spring emerges from hard and compact rock and people bathe in its water with
strong belief that it has medicinal properties.
Dhudhsagar Waterfalls: At the eastern fringe of Goa, these are the most impressive
waterfalls. Measuring a gigantic 600 m from head to foot is the famous waterfall called
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Dudhsagar. Overlooking a steep, falcate-shaped head of a valley carpeted with pristine

tropical forests, Dudhsagar waterfalls nestle amid splendid scenery.
Figure 4. Map showing major river and waterbodies of South Goa District.
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1.3.3 DRAINAGE
Ensconced on the slopes of the Western Ghats, Goa is blessed with bountiful water. The
rivers, which are navigable throughout the year, have their origin in the Sahyadri ranges and
flow westward into the Arabian Sea, 60 km away. The surface drainage is also helped by a
number of streams, nallahs, and rivulets that crisscross the State and flow in a westerly
direction and finally drain into the Arabian Sea. Rivers Mandovi and Zuari, which are the two
main rivers, form the lifeline of Goa with their tributaries draining 69% of its geographic area.
The drainage pattern in Goa is dendritic to sub-parallel. Drainage map of south Goa is
depicted as Figure 5.
In South Goa district, Zuari is the longest river in the state of Goa and has second largest
basin, it extends from Netravli to Panjim. The river basin of westerly flowing Galjibagh river
originate from Western Ghats and drain in the Arabian Sea in the west under estuarine
environment.
Primarily the underlying rocks govern the drainage system in the area. The drainage pattern
is generally dendritic type. The river valley is ‘V’ shaped in the western high hill ranges but
broadens in central midlands and become ‘U’ shaped in the lowlands and coastal plains.
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Figure 5 :Drainage map of south Goa
1.4 Coastal areas
Goa is renowned all over the world for its beautiful sandy beaches and various types of
costal stretches. The state of Goa being located on the west coast of India has a coastline
extending over 105 km and inland waterways up to 50 km. Many of the rivers are tidal prone
up to a distance of 20 to 40 kms.
The Coast line of South Goa district is round 00 km. The coast is full of creeks and estuaries
formed by rivers. The coastal and inshore waters are very rich in fishery resources specially
Mackerels and Sardines.
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The coastal zone, consisting of ecologically sensitive areas and other geomorphological
features play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the coast.
In order to regulate the development along the coastline, CRZ regulation is imposed to
protect its ecology and legacy. Coastal stretches are sensitive to development projects, CRZ
rules have been made under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 to safeguard these
coastal areas in year 2011. These areas are referred to as Coastal Regulatory Zones (CRZ).
CRZ is defined as: “the coastal stretches of seas, bays, estuaries creeks, rivers and backwaters
which are influenced by tidal action (in the landward side) up to 500 m from the High Tide
Line (HTL) and land between the Low Tide Line (LTL) and the HTL
It has been a consistent stand of the State Government that in view of Goa’s unique geo-
environmental situation, the CRZ Regulation should be made applicable up to 500 m from the
high tide line from the Sea at its highest tide, and not all along the tidal stretches of the river as
it is being sought to be interpreted. Coastal zone management plan of Goa is restricted to the
500 m from the high tide line and 100 m or width of the river creek on either bank. It had been
observed that about 80% of Goa’s population is in the 5 coastal talukas with river and creeks,
which are partly tidal where it is mandatory to have 100 m setbacks.
The draft coastal zone management plan for Goa stae prepared by National Centre for
Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM) Chennai, MoEF&CC, is under finalization. Draft
CZMP map of South Goa district is given as figure 6.
1.5. Forests
About 59.9% of the area of Goa is under forests, it covers the area of around 2219 sq.km (as
per SFR published by the Forest, Survey of India). The estimated tree cover in the state is 334
Km2 which is 9.02 % of the Geographical area. Forest cover of South Goa district as per SFR is
around 1296 sq.km which covers 65.92 % of the geographical area.
However as per the Department of Forest the recorded forest cover of Goa state is around
1424.46 sq.km, out of which 200 sq.km is private forest. The forest cover of South Goa
district is around 869.9 sq.km, with addition of Ponda taluka in South Goa the forest area of
South Goa district will be 920.1 sq km. Table 2 depicts the taluka wise forest cover of South
Goa.
The natural vegetation of Goa consists of dense forests of deciduous to moist deciduous
type. Forest cover of the State is nearly 35%. The habitat of the flora is of semi-evergreen
type. Evergreen forests are seen only in the high hills. Dense forests occur in the eastern,
northern and southwestern portions of Sanguem Taluka and northern, southern and eastern
parts of Canacona Taluka. Moderately dense forests are found between high ranges of
Western Ghats and the gently sloping lands ranging between 150 and 300 m. Scrub forests
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with scanty vegetation are found on laterite outcrops that are hard and indurated. Luxuriant
growth of grasses is common. The coastal tracts with marine alluvium are mainly covered
with palms. The borderline of Arabian Sea and the west coast are thickly palm-fringed with a
small area covered by mangroves. There is diversity in the forests due to the variation in
altitude, aspect, soil characters, slope etc. The major species found in forests of Goa are
Teak, Eucalyptus, Bamboo, Cashew, Rubber, Acrocarpous, Casuarina and Others.
In Goa, forests are confined to the Western Ghats foothill slopes and in the South Goa
district it is mainly in the Talukas of Sanguem, Canacona and Quepem and to a lesser extent
in the Talukas of Ponda, while coastal Talukas Murmogoa and Salcete have no forests. The
details of areas under forests in various Talukas of South Goa district are given in table 2 and
figure 7
Table 2. showing area under Forests in South Goa

S. No. Taluka Area (sq. km.)
1. Ponda 50.12
2. Sanguem 569.25
3. Quepem 114.91
4. Canacona 185.82
5. Mormugao Nil
6. Salcete Nil
Total 920.1
Source: Department of Forests, Goa.& zoning atlas report
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Figure 7 Showing forest cover in South Goa district.
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1.5.1 Types of Forests & Vegetation
Estuarine vegetation consisting of Mangroves along swampy riverbanks: This type of

vegetation occurs in isolated small patches along the banks of the Rivers Mandovi and Zuari
and other salt-water streams. This zone is characterized by peculiar root formations (stilt
roots of Rhizophora, pneumatophores in Avicennia, knee root in Bruguiera etc). The
mangroves are found in the division mainly at Durbhat and Cortalim in South Goa district.
This vegetation occurs from sea level to an altitude of 100m.
Strand and creek vegetation along the coastal belts: Most of the coastal regions of Goa are
rocky with projecting ridges. The strand vegetation is limited to a few patches of narrow strip
bordering the Arabian Sea. Many herbaceous species such as Neanotis rheedei, Iphigenia
Indica, Begonia crenata, Mitreola oldenlandioides, Habenaria grandifloriformis, Tricholepis
glaberrima, Trichidesma sp. are found along rocky creeks and projecting ridges facing the
coast.
Plateau vegetation: A major portion of the vegetation in Goa belongs to this category, which
is further divided into the Open scrub jungle, Moist mixed deciduous forests, Secondary
moist mixed deciduous forests, Sub-tropical Hill forests,
Semi-evergreen and evergreen forests type along upper ghats of Goa and they are further
divided into Semi-evergreen forests this occurs intermingling between tropical evergreen
and moist deciduous forest mostly above 500 MSL and are found at Molem, Butpal and
Nadquem in South Goa district. Lateritic Semi-evergreen forests are another type found on
shallow dry lateritic soils. And Evergreen forests occurs in deep gorges and depressions and
also along the nallahs and streams in the Ponda-Amboli-Rambhat bel in South Goa district.
1.5.2 Reserved and Protected Forests:

In Goa the Reserved Forests covers an area of 253.32 sq. km under section 20 of IFA and
under section 4 of IFA it covers 709.90 sq. km. And unclassed forest is around 261.24 sq.km.
As per Department of Forest the wildlife sanctuaries and the national parks in Goa are 20%
of geographical area i.e 740.4 sq km.
1.5.2.1 Wildlife Sanctuary:

Wildlife sanctuaries are areas, which are set for the proliferation of animals and plants living
therein by ensuring that the habitat is not damaged. There are six wildlife sanctuaries and
one national park in Goa. Out of these three wildlife sanctuaries-Bondla wildlife, Bhagwan
Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary and
one national park - Mollem National Park are in South Goa district.
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Bondla wild life sanctuary is with Moist deciduous with small patches of evergreen forest
covering the area of 7.95 sq km of Ponda, Sanguem and Sattari taluka. Bhagwan Mahaveer
Wildlife Sanctuary is spreaded in an area of 133 sq km with thick forest varying from moist
deciduous to evergreen in Sanguem taluka. Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary comprises Moist
deciduous type forest with an area of 86 sq km in Canacona taluka.
Mollem National Park is in the Sangeum Taluka of South Goa district. Mollem National Park
and Bhagwan Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary jointly form the single largest protected area of
Goa encompassing an area of 240 sq. km. of thick forest covering the Western Ghats and its
valleys.
The location of wildlife sanctuary and national park in South Goa district is shown in figure 8.
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Figure 8. Map showing location and boundary of wildlife sanctuary at South Goa district.
1.6 Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Ecological sensitive areas include areas with significant ecological features and ecosystems.
The conservation and sustainable use of resources, ecological features are of critical
importance.
Environmentally sensitive areas in South Goa districts are endangered / are species present
in Wildlife Sanctuaries, National park, Turtle Nesting Ground, Coral Reefs, Estuarine
Crocodiles, Mangrove Areas , Khazan land, Wetlands.
Biodiversity areas
As per Department of Forest the endangered floral species found in the sanctuaries and
national park are Ophuros Bomaiensis, Ceropeigia Fantastica, Oberonia Brachyhlic,
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Brachystehna Malvaneuse, Rawalfra Seprentina, Nilgiranthus Barbatus, Phyllanthus Talbotu,

Decaschishia Trilobta, Gymnacanthera Fargunana, Hyhaene Dichotoma, Garcinia Talbotu,
Crypocarya Lawsonii, Eugenia Macrocephalla Tricalysis Sphaerocarpa.
And the faunal species are Tiger, Panther, Leopard Cat, Slender Loris, Gaur, Mouse Deer,
Pangolin, Giant Squirrel, Sloth Bear, Flying Squirrel, Jackel (Canis aureus), Jungle Cat (Fells
Chaus), Mongoose (Herpestes sp.), Civet, Golden Gacko (Calodaretly Loides Aureus), Flying
Lizard (Draco Dussumteri), Python (Phython Molurus, Indian Cobras (Naja spp.), King Cobra
(Ophiophagus Hannah), Russel's Viper (Vipera Ruselli), Checkered Keelback (Xenochrophis
Piscator), Rat Snake (Plyas Mucosus), Peafowl (Pavo Cristatus), Great Indian Hornbill (Buceros
Bicornis), Indian Pied Hornbill (Anthracoceros Malabaricus), Hill Myna (Gracula species), Frog
Mouth (Batrachostomes species), White Bellied Sea Eagle (Haliaetus Leucogaster), Vuhures
(Gyps Bengalensis), Bazas (Aviceda Leuphotes)
Turtle Nesting Grounds:

Goa has been a nesting site for the Olive Ridley Sea Turtles. The nesting is sporadic and occur
throughout the coast of Goa. Out of the 105 km coastline of Goa, only about 6 km is left
appropriately for the Olive Ridley to nest. In South Goa Galgibag beach and Agonda beach
are the major nesting sites.
Coral Reefs:
Coral reefs can be broadly defined as ridges of limestone, the upper surface of which lies
near the sea level and consist of calcium carbonate secreted by the corals. They are known
for exceptionally diverse fauna and flora, complex food web, and tropic organisms.
Estuarine Crocodiles:
Of the three Indian species of crocodiles, the State of Goa offers a habitat for Mugger or
Marsh Crocodile (Crocodylus palustris Lesson). The largest wild population of Mugger in the
State resides along the mangrove fringes of Mandovi-Cumbharjua-Zuari complex. Goa is one
of the few states that support the last few wild pockets of the Marsh Crocodile.
Mangrove Areas:
Mangroves are very specialized forest ecosystems of tropical and subtropical regions
bordering the sheltered seacoasts and estuaries. These stabilize the shoreline and act as
barriers against encroachment by the Sea. Salt tolerant inter-tidal halophytic plants
dominate the mangrove forests.
The segmented coast of Goa has 7 major estuaries, which are microtidal (tidal amplitude
0.01-2.4m) swamps along estuaries composed of laterite, loamy and alluvial soils. Mangroves
are confined mainly to the narrow intertidal mudflats along the banks of an estuary.
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Occasionally patches of mangroves seen in Tiracol and Galgibag.
Khazan:
Khazan lands are eco-sensitive low-lying areas that are influenced by tidal action. These
include the embankments, sluice gates, mangrove cover, backwaters, creeks and the
drainage canals. Hence Khazan lands play a vital role in protecting the agricultural lands and
surrounding villages of Goa from tidal ingress by use of the intricate system of bunds. The
total khazan land of Goa is 33.41 sq km, which South Goa has 9.26 sq km
Wetlands:
Wetlands are transitional areas between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems where the water
table is usually at or near the surface of the soil or the land is covered with shallow water.
These include marshes, swamps, floodplains, bogs, peatlands, shallow ponds, littoral zones
of larger water bodies, tidal marshes, etc. The prominent wet land in South Goa District are
Pilar, Verna, Rumbrem, Raichetolem, Curtorim.
At present Goa State Wetland Authority (GSWA) have initiated wetland identification under
Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rules 2017 with the help of CSIR National Institute
of Oceanography. 35 wetlands have been identified and brief document preparations of the
same is ongoing. Depending on brief document and ground truthing of other water bodies,
the final number of water bodies may change with due course. However, Space Applications
Centre Ahmedabad (2009), has submitted a report where in 550 wetlands were identified in
Goa using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technique.
In view of above, Department of information technology, Government of Goa under e-

governance has envisage implementing a common state enterprise GIS platform which will
be accessible to all departments across the state. Department is in process of selection of
system integrator for development, implementation, and maintenance of GIS based, E-
governance portal of Goa.
Sand Dunes in Goa:

A sand dune is a mount, hill or ridge of sand that lies behind the part of the beach affected
by tides. They are formed over many years when windblown sand is trapped by beach grass
or other stationary objects. In South Goa, sand dunes are found along the coastal stretch
from Betul to Cansaulim. The best dunes in Goa are found on the stretch from Majorda,
Colva, Benaulim, Varca, Betul upto Kelashi in South Goa. The coastal sand dunes with their
respective lengths in kilometers are given in Table below .
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Table 3 Details of Sand Dunes in South Goa

S.No. Name of the sandy coast showing sand dunes Length in km District
1. Baina 1.70 South
2. Cansaulim 0.80 Goa
3. Colva, Benaulim, Varca, Kelashi, Betul 26.25
4. Palolem 0.50
5. Loliem 0.13
6. Polem 0.25
Total length in kilometers 29.3
Source: Department of Science, Technology and Environment, Goa.
Sacred Groves:
Sacred groves, known locally as Devari, Devaran and Pann are standing tributes to the
wisdom and foresight of our ancestors. This community conserved areas have the
concentrations of species and genetic biodiversity where nature can continue in her
mysterious ways to enrich life linkages. These groves are protected and preserved by the
local people. In South Goa the Talukas of Sanguem, Canacona and Quepem the tradition of
sacred groves is there which represent, patches of dense forests that are guarded through a
deep sense of gratitude.
1.7. Soil
Soil characteristics of the terrain are important aspects of the environment. They meet the
basic needs of all agricultural production. The varieties of soils that occur in Goa are derived
from three geological formations viz. Basalt/Metabasalt, Granite/Granite gneiss and
Quartzite. The soil types found in South Goa districts are coastal alluvial soil, mixed red and
black soil, laterite soils and red sandy soils, which are divided into 32 soil series. In addition,
there are rock outcrops and laterite crusts associated with the soils. About 63% of the area in
the State is suitable for agriculture and 33% not suitable for agriculture but well suited for
forestry, pasture, silvipastoral system, wildlife, recreation and rehabilitation
Soil of the South Goa district can be classified into 4 types namely : Laterite, Saline, Marshy
and Alluvial soil:
i. Lateritic soil is the major soil type in the district. It is highly porous & permeable,
slightly acidic with low pH values, low in organic matter, Calcium and Phosphorus.
ii. Saline soil in the district occurs in the flood plains of Zuari, Sal, Saleri, Talpona and
Galjibagh rivers in Salcete, Marmugao, Quepem and Canacona taluka. It also occurs
to a very limited extent in Sanguem taluka. The soil is deep, poorly drained and less
permeable. It is saline, high in pH and contains humus and organic matter.
24
iii. Marshy soil occurs to a large extent in Salcete taluka and towards the western part of
Canacona taluka. It also occurs in Marmugao taluka. This type of soil occurs in low-
lying waterlogged and tidal affected areas.
iv. Alluvial soil occurs as very thin strip along the coastline towards western part of
Salcete taluka and a limited exposure occurs in Canacona taluka. It is reddish brown
to yellowish, coarse grained and confined to narrow valleys of rivers. It is well
drained, acidic with low pH and organic content.
1.8. Geology & Hydrogeology

The Geology of South Goa district is dominantly covered by the formation of Goa Group
belonging to Dharwar Super Group of Archaean to Proterozoic age. The Goa Group
comprises of metamorphic rocks of green schist facies. The Goa group of rocks is disposed in
a general NW – SE direction. The rock types indicate three cycles of folding. The straight
coastline suggests the major fault along the west coast. Associated with this fault a number
of weak planes have developed. Western Ghat, which extends in NS to NNW – SSE direction
represent a prominent fault zone.
The Goa Group of rocks has been intruded by granite gneiss, feldspathic gneiss, hornblende
gneiss and porphyritic granite, followed by basic intrusive. Metabasalts are also extensively
exposed in Canacona and Marmugao taluks and also as small outcrops in Salcete & Sanguem
Taluka. Exposures of greywacke with conglomerate are found to occur in Quepem, Canacona
and Sanguem taluka. Granite gneiss is found to occur in large portion of Salcete taluka and
limited exposures are in Quepem, Canacona and Sanguem taluka. Small outcrops of granite
are found to occur in Canacona and Sanguem talukas. Laterite occurs extensively covering
almost all the formations in South Goa district.
Coastal alluvium occurs as thin strip along the coastal plains in western part of Salcete taluka.
It consists of fine to coarse sands with intercalations of sandy loam, silt and clay.
Hydrogeology
Occurrence and movement of ground water depends upon the type of rock formation,
structure, topography, rainfall, recharge etc. Ground water in the South Goa district occurs in
rocks having primary porosity & permeability or in those having secondary porosity acquired
due to weathering, leaking, tectonics, solutions etc.
Ground water bearing formations in the district are laterite, alluvium, granite, granite gneiss,
metavolcanics and meta sedimentaries.
The occurrence of ground water and aquifer characteristics of various formations is as

follows: -
25
Laterite - Laterites are the important water bearing formations, occurring in plateau areas or
of detrital origin generally occupying valley portions. Besides inherent porosity, the laterites
are highly jointed and fractured, which control their water bearing capacity. Ground water
occurs under water table condition in lateritic formation. Promising ground water bearing
areas are located near Kasapural area in Sanguem and Arelm area in Salcete taluka.
Alluvium- Alluvium constitutes good aquifers and is restricted to banks of rivers. Thickness of
the coastal alluvium varies from 5 – 22 m and comprises of fine to coarse sand with
intercalations of sandy loam, silt and clay.
Granite & Granite Gneiss- Ground water occurs under unconfined, semi – confined and
confined conditions in weathered and fractured zones of granite and granite gneiss. Depth to
water level in these formations in open wells varies from 3.8 to 6.25m bgl,
Meta volcanic & Metasedimentary.: Ground water is found to occur in zones having
secondary porosity and permeability imparted due to weathering, joints and fractures.
Ground water occurs both under water table and confined conditions. Water bearing zones
extend up to depth of 40 to 100 m.
Metasedimentary comprise shales, phyllites, schists, metagreywackes, argillite’s and
quartzites. The irrigation dug wells tapping weathered zones extending from 8.5 to 19.85 m
bgl in these rock units with varying well diameters from 2.2 to 6.1 m.
Hydrogeology map of South Goa district is depicted below.
26
Source – GoI, MoWR- CGWB
27
1.9. Mineral Deposits & Mining
In Goa, land away from the coast is rich in minerals and ores. The mining belt of Goa covers
an area of approximately 700 sq. km. and is mostly concentrated in Sanguem, Quepem, and
Salcete Talukas in South Goa district. The main mineral resources of economic importance
include iron ore, ferro manganese, manganese, bauxite, high magnesia, limestone, silica, and
clay.
Mining is an important activity in Goa. Mining has been a very important element in the
economic history of modern Goa. Most of the mines are in private hands. They were leased
out by the Portuguese authority during the pre-liberation days and inherited by the present
owners. Goa is a major iron ore exporting state and over 60% of country’s iron ore export is
from Goa.
However, the Mining has been stalled in Goa ever since the Honorable Supreme Court
cancelled 88 mining leases order in the state on February 7, 2018. This decision directly
impacted 60,000 households & 3 lakh livelihoods. The ban has stopped 15 million tons of
iron ore exports. It has disrupted an economy of Goa and affected allied industries, including
logistics suppliers, truck companies and barge owners as well as equipment suppliers also.
The major concern of mining operations is open-cast mining, which severely affects the land
use pattern. The major environmental impacts of mining operations are degradation of land,
pollution of surface and groundwater resources, pollution of air, deforestation including loss
of flora and fauna, rehabilitation of affected population including tribal and impact on
historical monuments and religious places.
Quarries
As per Directorate of mines around 458 quarries were granted permissions in Goa in year
2015-16. However, these permits are not renewed after that.
Valid quarrying leases granted for extraction of minor minerals as on date are around 93 in
numbers and 53 mining leases are in South Goa district comprising an area of around
9,23,088 sq. m.
The location of active mines in South Goa district is shown in the mine map as figure.9
28
Figure 9 Mine map of South Goa District
29
1.10. Industrial Development:
The industrial landscape of Goa has undergone a tremendous face change since liberation in
1961. At the time of liberation, there were very few industries and the economy were
considered as a “money order” economy. From mining alone, the industrial activity of the
State has diversified into tourism, electronics, automobile accessories, pharmaceuticals, and
agro chemicals. Presently, the State harbors 23 industrial estates (goaidc website). Of this, 8
industrial estates are in South Goa district.
As per the 2015-16 data of Directorate of Planning, Statistics and Evaluation Goa, there are
around 964 factories registered under the Factories Act, 1948 in South Goa District out of
this around 523 are operational.
Around 4527 number of Micro, small & medium enterprises (MSME) registered with
Industries Department are in South Goa district. Large-scale industries are 129 in number. As
per GIDC (website) around 1213 industries are in IDC area in South Goa district.
According to 2015-16 data of Directorate of Planning, Statistics and Evaluation Goa, the
estimated average number of daily workers employed in registered factories of South Goa
district are around 95,878. Approximately 39,401 workers employed in MSME's of South
Goa. The average numbers of daily workers employed in large scale industries of South Goa
district are 24316 in numbers.
1.11 Major industries

Goa has a strong presence in mining, tourism and pharmaceuticals sectors. Mining (iron ore
and manganese), pharmaceuticals, iron and steel industries are present in North Goa while
mining and shipbuilding industries are present in South Goa.
Iron-Ore industry: The Iron Ore Industry is the main industry and forms the backbone of the
Goan economy. The iron ore deposits of Goa consist essentially of hematite and are
associated with the ferruginous quartzite and phyllites. The deposits containing an average
iron content of 63% by and large are concentrated in the northern and central parts of the
territory. The annual production of iron ore is around 15 million tons.
Pharmaceutical/ Drugs and Biotech Industries: The Pharmaceutical Industry has emerged as
a major component in the industrial development of Goa because of its ambience and
pollution free atmosphere that is conducive to the Pharma Industry. Pharma industries are
30
mostly located in Verna industrial area of South Goa district.
Goa has also emerged as a manufacturing base for several leading companies in areas such
as fertilizers, tyres and tubes, cement, electrical machinery, fishnet making machines,
automatic washing machines, printed circuit boards, pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical
machinery. Cashew processing has also been a traditional industry in the state.
Tourism is the largest segment in the services sector. Goa is traditionally known as a tourist
paradise for its natural scenery, beautiful beaches and cultural diversity. Up to December
2018 around 8.01 million tourists have visited the state.
31
Source : GIDC
Figure 10. Industrial estates of Goa
32
1.12. Climate
South Goa district has a tropical climate. The district gets rain from South-West monsoon
winds during June-September. The rainfall is more in the mountain region than in the coastal
region. The district has cool climate during the months of October-January. It starts getting
warmer from February and remains till May.
May is the hottest month where the mean daily temperature increases to 30oC. January is
the comparatively coolest with mean daily temperature of about 23oC. It is noted that the
day temperature is the lowest in monsoon months of July and August and not in the cool
winter months of December and January. The temperature is highest (around 33oC) in pre –
monsoon months of April & May and again in post monsoon months of November. Due to
proximity to the Arabian Sea, humidity throughout the year is more than 60% with range
from 80 to 90% during monsoon period. As a result of orographic influence, rainfall increases
towards the Western Ghats, with average annual rainfall 2875 mm (in Salcete taluka) & 2466
mm (Marmugao taluka) respectively to 3825 mm (in Sanguem taluka). Over 90% of annual
rainfall occurs during monsoon months of June to September. About 32% of the annual
rainfall is received during July.
1.13. Administrative Setup

The South Goa District Collectorate is headed by the Collector. Collector is supported by
three Additional Collectors, eight Dy. Collectors and Sub Divisional Officers, Taluka
Mamlatdars, Section Officers and Clerical Staff. Entire district administration responsibilities
are vested with District Collectorate and it is categorized into various sections to looks after
or carry out specific functions related to district administration. Confidential and Vigilance
Section, Establishment Section, Election Branch, Revenue Section, Civil Administration
Section, Judicial Section, Land Acquisition Section, Accounts & Recovery Section, MPLAD
Section and Inward/Outward.
There are 7 Tehsil level Mamlatdar Offices headed by the Mamladar. However, there are 6
Subdivisions in South Goa District each headed by the Sub Divisional Officer (SDO) Margao,
Quepem (Quepem+ Sanguem) Mormugao, Ponda, Dharbandora, Canacona.
Ponda Taluka is included in South Goa District as per Notification No. 37/2/2014-RD
published in the Extraordinary Official Gazette dated 23rd January 2015 Series I No.43. 18
villages from Sanguem Taluka are omitted and inserted in Dharbandora Taluka as per
Notification No. 16-15-2010/RD Series I No. 51 dated 17th March 2011. Thereafter 2 villages
namely Gangem & Usgao are omitted from Dharbandora Taluka & added in Ponda Taluka, so
also Colomb and Rivona from Quepem Taluka are omitted & inserted in Sanguem Taluka as
per Notification No. 16/15/2010 RD/2343 Series I No. 8 dated 26th May,2011.
33
indicative map
Figure – 11- SOUTH GOA TALUKA MAP
34
2. INTRODUCTION
As per Hon’ble NGT Order dated 26/09/2018 in O.A 360/2018, inventory have been
generated for 64 action areas of South Goa District, format developed by CPCB “O.A 360 NGT
District information plan.xlsx”.
3. APPROACH METHODOLOGY
The data used for preparing District Environment Plan is based on the data provided by all
Village Panchayats and Municipal Councils in the format given by CPCB, as well as data
provided by relevant departments viz. Directorate of Mines Geology, Water resource
department (WRD), Goa state pollution control board (GSPCB), Goa Waste Management
Corporation (GWMC ), Directorate of Transport – South Goa, Goa State Urban Development
Agency (GSUDA), Ports Department, South Goa District Collectorate, PWD and Town
Planning Department, District industrial Development Corporation (DIDC)
Documents referred for the preparation of DEP are Zoning atlas for siting of industries,
Environmental atlas of Goa, River action plan for polluted river, Ground Water Information
Booklet for South Goa by Ministry Of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, GoI,
GIDC website, EIA report for CHWTSDF by Aditya Environmental Services Pvt. Ltd. Inception
Report 2018 prepared by iDeck for Solid Waste Management Policy for The State of Goa,
DPR on Common hazardous waste treatment facility prepared by SMS Envocare Ltd.,
Inception report on Development of E-waste Management Plan for the State of Goa by The
Just Environment Charitable Trust (Toxic Links), Detailed Project Report (draft) for
Sustainable management of C&D waste in Goa by Sinteff, DPR for Development of a
Biomedical Waste Management Plan for the State of Goa by The Just Environment Charitable
Trust (Toxic Links).
Village panchayats and Municipal councils have provided the required data (DEP format
prescribed by CPCB) regarding prevailing conditions of environment, solid waste
management etc. In duly filled format the population data is census data of year 2011 (as per
DEP). However, the action plan for each component of theme have been delineated
considering the population of year 2018 as well as projected population for next .
The detailed duly filled formats for all Municipal councils and Village Panchayats are enclosed
as Annexure and the outcome of the inventory is being discussed in subsequent paragraphs.
35
4. WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN
4.1 Solid Waste Management Plan
Solid waste management is one of the most important services for maintaining the quality of
life in urban as well as rural areas and for ensuring better standards of health and sanitation.
Due to rapid growth in population of India, this service falls short of the desired level as the
systems adopted are inefficient. Institutional weakness, shortage of human and financial
resources, improper choice of technology, inadequate coverage and lack of short- and long-
term planning are responsible for the inadequacy of services.
Solid wastes, which include bio-medical, municipal and hazardous wastes is a major concern
and an eye sore in the urban areas. Unregulated disposal of wastes may affect the quality of
groundwater in the area through infiltration of water-soluble substances.
The Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Govt. of India has notified SWM
Rules 2016. As per these rules, the role of local body has been specified in rule 15 of SWM
2016, and as per rule 16 of the said rules Goa State Pollution control board shall enforce
these rules through local bodies in respective jurisdiction.
In view of above the Government of Goa under the aegis of the Department of Science,
Technology & Environment has formed the Goa Waste Management Corporation (GWMC)
and entrusted it to look after the overall management of all types of wastes.
Additionally, as per the Solid Waste Management Rules 2016, the urban local authorities
themselves have responsibilities in managing solid waste in their jurisdictions. As well, the
Goa State Urban Development Agency is the nodal agency for implementation, coordination
and monitoring in respect of all 14 Municipal Councils /City Corporation in the state of Goa
and GSUDA is operating under the Administrative control of the Directorate of Municipal
Administration, Urban Development Department, Government of Goa.
South Goa District comprises of 7 Municipal Councils and 89 Village Panchayats. The quantity
of waste generated by them is given in table below.
36
Table 4: Waste generation by Talukas of South Goa District

Sr. No Taluka Name Remarks Population Total Waste
Generated MT/
day
1 Canacona 46873 11.07
Canacona Municipal Council 14230 7
Canacona block Village Panchayats 32643 9.2
2 Dharbandora
Dharbandora Village Panchayats 49335 5.6
Block
3 Murmogoa 146384 68.5
Murmogoa Municipal Council 87650 40.5
Murmogoa block Village Panchayats 58734 22.31
4 Quepem 49779 37.16
Quepem Municipal Council 14775 4.8
Curchorem Municipal Council
Quepem block Village panchayat 35004 8.61
5 Salcette 251804 52.39

Cuncolim Municipal Council 16623 5.5
Margao Municipal Council 87650 70
Salcette block Village Panchayats 147531 2.9
6 Sanguem 35879 4.823
Sanguem Municipal Council 6444 1.7
Sanguem block Village Panchayats 27573 0.323
7 Ponda 157966 18.23
Ponda Municipal Council 22664 14.5
Ponda block Village Panchayats 135302 4.936
4.1.1 Status of solid waste management in South Goa District.
As per the data provided by Municipal Councils and Village Panchayats, South Goa District
generates around 197.87 MT, municipal solid waste per day which includes waste from
urban and rural area. The typical composition of solid waste is 51% wet waste and 49 % dry
waste. An average per capita waste generation is around 425 gpd. Around 68 % of waste
generates due to household activities and 26% due to commercial activities, mainly
restaurants and hotels. The state attracts close to 8 million tourist footfalls in a year added to
its existing population of close to 1.5 million people.
37
Presently, GWMC is the nodal body for solid waste management in the state of Goa.
Additionally, the Goa State Urban Development Agency is the nodal agency for
implementation, coordination and monitoring in respect of all 14 Municipal Councils and City
corporation in the state of Goa and GSUDA is operating under the Administrative control of
the Directorate of Municipal Administration, Urban Development Department, Government
of Goa.
In line with the SWM Rules, 2016 issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Government of India, the solid waste is managed by the South Goa District efficiently.
The door to door waste collection system is efficient in the South Goa district. In all
Municipal Councils it is achieved as 100%, except Curchorem which has 56% coverage. In
rural areas collection it is achieved between 80 to 85%.
Baling machine for dry waste in Marmogoa Organic Waste Management Facilities in Ponda
In all Municipal Council source segregation is in practice and the segregated wet waste is
collected daily and dry waste twice in a week. While in Village Panchayats it is picked up daily
or alternate day, else on demand.
Auto tippers, Tata ACE and Jeep are the primary collection vehicles used for collection of
household waste, which are loaded at predesignated nodal point in the wards of MCs. The
Compactor/ mini trucks collect the waste from the hotels, restaurants and marriage halls
directly. There is no uniform system followed by all the Village Panchayats in managing the
solid waste. In Village Panchayats, waste collection and management system vary based on
their topographical and physiological set up.
38
Dry waste is taken to dry waste treatment facility at Verna. All the recyclable waste from the
Municipal Council is transported to dry waste processing plant through a collecting agency
and further segregated and sold to the vendors. However, non-recyclable waste is baled and
transported to cement factories in Karnataka after baling. Upgradation of MRF is proposed in
ULB’s namely Mormugao, Ponda, Cuncolim and Margao. This will be completed by December
2020.
Wet waste and waste from street sweeping (mainly leaves) and garden waste are
transported for windrows composting. The wet waste is processed using windrow
composting method and the generated compost is sold to public as well as to farmers.
Similarly followed by other Municipal Councils.
As per survey (drone survey) conducted by GWMC there is about 4.7 lac m3 (estimated) of
legacy waste is dumped across the Goa state at eleven locations. Out of these, three
locations of legacy dumps are in South Goa. i.e. Bioremediation or capping of old and
abandoned dump sites (i.e. legacy dumps) is under process .
GWMC has issued the work order to remediate legacy-waste dump at Sonsodo, Margao and
Headland, Sada, Vasco-da-Gama of South Goa District and for remaining legacy dumps it will
take another 3 years’ time excluding monsoons. Work at Sonsodo commenced on
15/12/2019. Work at Headland Sada commenced on 11/01/2020
As per honourable NGT order dated 15.07.2019 in O. A. No 710-713/2017, O.A. No.

606/2018 the duties and responsibilities of various stake holders to make the solid waste
management plan, which should be successful and implementable.
In accordance to aforementioned order, Goa State government has mandated GWMC to

prepare a holistic Solid Waste Management Policy for the state. It has set an ambitious goal
of achieving zero-waste and zero landfill philosophy in the State. This, amongst others,
envisages a state with high social awareness on garbage and public space hygiene at par with
the best tourist destinations in the world.
The State Government has constituted the State Level Advisory Body (SLAB) Under rule 23 of
SWM Rules 2016 the state has constituted the SLAB on 22nd March 2017. So far 7 meetings
of each committee have been conducted. State Level Advisory Committee (SLAC) have also
been constituted Under rule 16 of PWMC Rules 2016 the State Government has constituted
SLAC on 30th November 2017. So far 15 meetings of SLAC have been conducted.
39
In case of Goa, floating population is one of the key factors to be considered. Goa being a
popular tourist destination and to maintain the tourist place an act called “The Goa Tourist
Places (Protection and Maintenance) Act, 2001 (Goa Act 56 of 2001), was passed by the
Legislative Assembly of Goa to protect and maintain the tourist places from deterioration
and erosion and preserve their tourism potential. Goa tourist department have taken
measures to clean the beaches by dividing tourist beaches in to 9 separate stretches and
separate contractors were managing the solid waste.
Under Airport CSR Project Chicalim- 10 TPD Material Recovery Facility and 10 TPD Bio
digester are proposed for the treatment of solid waste. Signing of MoU between GWMC with
Airport Director- Goa is in process.
40
For the effective solid waste management in South Goa district following plan is proposed.
Door to •100 % for all Municipal Councils and Village panchayats

door
collection
•4 way: for Households into Wet, Dry, Sanitary Waste, Domestic Hazardous and
Segregation • 6 plus fractions: for Commercial, Institutional and other Bulk generators
of Waste
•Seperate collection in following manner

•Wet Waste (+ Sanitary Waste)
Stream-wise • Dry Waste (+ DH waste)
collection • Street Sweeping
•quantum of waste
•MCs/VPs in terrain and distance.
Collection •Wet will be colelcted daily
Frequency •Dry - alternate day/twice in a week / twice in a month
•Cluster based planning approach

•these cluster comprises of transfer stations, transfer points and treatment facility
Collection & •Entrie state divided in to five clusters .
Transportati
•Two clusters in South Goa district
on
•CLUSTER 4 – Cacora comprises Dharbandora, Sanguem, Quepem and Canacona talukas. It has
30 VPs and 4 MCs.
Clusters in •CLUSTER 5 – Verna which consists of Mormugao and Salcete talukas. It has 39 VPs and 3 MCs
South Goa
•Cluster level integerated facility (CLIF) consist of TS +TP+

• Cacora CLIF
Treatment & • Verna CLIF
disposal
41
However, the streamwise processing is also proposed at the source of generation in this
integrated solid waste management plan.
Domestic
Wet waste Dry waste sanitary waste
Hazardous waste
Composting Resource Designated Two

- Households (home Recovery Location for Incinerators
Centres transport to (pilot plants)
composting) treatment are proposed
- Organic Waste - facility for domestic
Converters at VP level Low Value Non hazardous
waste
where MSW <1 TPD Recyclables treatment
Disposal at
- Bulk Generator level for Baling/ RDF
Regional Level
Regional Level Facility /CLIF
Incinerator
Bio
methanation
Inerts
for
Engineered
Sanitary
Landfills
42
Table 5: Solid waste management plan
Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on February 2020 Time
schedule
Collection, 100% collection of solid CEO of MunicipalPresently 100% waste collection (door to Village Panchayats has prepared In process of
Segregation and waste from various Council/BDO of Blocks door) is there in all Municipal Councils andVillage Waste Management Plan execution
Treatment sources of generation /Village Panchayats. 80 to 90% in Village Panchayats / Blocks. and submitted to GWMC. Village
of wet waste, household and bulk waste Panchayats are in process of
dry waste – baling and etc. The Department of At source, segregation is done 80 to 100% executing the plan prepared for
transport Environment in most of Municipal Councils exceptproper collections, transportation
Curchorem. and scientific disposal of waste
Goa Waste
Management GSUDA is also providing real time
Corporation (GWMC) monitoring system in swachh nagar portal
under the swachh bharat mission where the
Goa State Urban ULB & DMA can monitor percentage of
Development Agency waste collected and segregated in the city.
(GSUDA)
In Blocks / V. P the segregation is 60 to 70
%. However mostly dry waste is collected as
wet waste is mainly treated by individual
household on site itself.
Around 197 MT/day of waste generates in

entire South Goa. Decentralized waste
management is practiced in South Goa
District.
Wet waste is processed using windrow
composting / Vermicomposting. The
generated compost is sold to public as well
as to farmers.
43
schedule
Integrated Solid Waste Management GWMC issued work order to Will be
Facility is proposed in Cacora of 100 TPD concessionaire by February 2020, completing in
(+20%) capacity, which will be catering to subjected to approvals. As per year 2022
Sanguem, Dharbandora, Quepem and tender condition the timeline for
Canacona Talukas and the estimated cost commencement is 24 months
is of 173.98 Cr. from issue of work order.
Solid Waste Management Facility is EIA studies for the said project is Will be
proposed at Verna of 250 TPD capacity + in process and will be completed completing in
20%, which will be catering to Mormugaoby August 2020. year 2022
& Salcete Talukas
The dry waste collected from each MC is

transported to their waste processing unit.
All the recyclable waste from the MCs is
transported to the dry waste units of Verna
and post segregation sold to vendors. Non-
recyclable waste is baled in baling machines
of 35 tons capacity at 5 location in South
District and transported to cement factories
in Karnataka for co processing in kiln.
Domestic hazardous waste such as This is to be established by all Up to 2021

discarded paint, drums, used batteries, CFL Municipal councils and village
bulbs etc need to be collected separately panchayats.
and hand over to common hazardous waste
facility authorized by GSPCB
44
schedule
Quantification and For quantification purpose, GWMC hasAt present most of the village
characterization of total proactively appointed agency in year 2018panchayats are quantifying the
solid waste generation (iDeck) for quantification, characterization dry waste, other wastes are not
from various sources. of waste at actuals and develop treatment quantified.
and disposal options.
However, the quantification and
Manual sweeping is around 100 % in characterization of waste is
Mormugao and Margao Municipal Councilcarried out by the agency
while Quepem, Curchorem, Sanguem andappointed by GWMC. in year
Canacona has partial coverage. 2018.
Check on Compliances Bulk waste generators GSPCB/Village Inventory for bulk waste generator isBulk waste generators were In process
by all waste and segregated waste Panchayats/ Municipal already prepared Goa being the destiny foridentified by Village Panchayats,
generators collection Councils popular tourism so bulk waste generation in out of which 218 Bulk Waste
hotels and restaurant are more in numberGenerators have set up wet waste
slaughterhouse waste generation is also disposal facilities and the
high. remaining 46 are in process to set
up disposal facilities.
Strengthening the Staff of ULB’s to be DoP, DMA, GSPCB Workshops on “Goa Non-Biodegradable Regular awareness programs Two
capacities of the ULBs trained to impart Garbage (Control) Act, 1996, varioushave been conducted for stake awareness
and local authorities adequate knowledge for offences and enforcement options, for allholders. programs in a
in view of proper implementation of the stakeholders of municipalities and year are
infrastructure, finance sustainable SWM. panchayats in South Goa have been proposed.
and operations for conducted in 2018 reaching out to around
SWM 200 stakeholders.
Logistic infrastructure to Pertaining to infrastructure at present 51

be make available from No of vehicles are available in South Goa for
the Financial allocation collection of Solid waste in Municipal
45
schedule
made by the Govt in this councils. However, there is no transfer
regard. station in South Goa district.
Three transfer stations and six new transfer Under process

points are proposed in South district.
……. No of Collection vehicle and route has
also been proposed with clustering
approach considering the space constraints
and distances of Municipal council /Village
Panchayat.
Notification and ULBs will frame byelaws The Department of Goa already has enacted the Goa Non-
Implementation of By- incorporating the Environment. Biodegradable Garbage (Control) Act, 1996 -
Law. Development of provisions of SWM The Act emphasizes on the practice of
policy Rules,2016 and notify Municipal Council segregation of waste, source reduction,
accordingly and levy fine reuse and recycling. The Act prohibits
on polluters. throwing of garbage into any of the drains,
open spaces, etc. It lays down the
mechanism to penalise the offenders.
The amendment of this Act namely The Goa

Non-Biodegradable Garbage (Control)
(Second Amendment) Bill, 2013 was
promulgated to levy Cess on generators
Rural Garbage Disposal Scheme 2005

The Rural Garbage Disposal Scheme 2005
divides the villages of Goa into clusters.
Each cluster shall have a common site for
46
schedule
garbage disposal in compliance with the
Goa Non-Biodegradable Garbage (Control)
Act 1996 and dispose the non-
biodegradable waste into the designated
sites.
The V.P shall process the biodegradable

waste and encourage sale of compost. They
shall collect user charges /Garbage tax from
the residents for garbage collection and
disposal.
Awareness Public awareness to be GWMC routinely conducts awareness and. In 2018-19 almost 50,000 Twice in a
created through IEC DoP, DMA, GSPCB, training workshops across Goa. The targetpersons have been sensitized on year
campaign with GWMC audience is mostly the students and general various aspects related to solid
participation of SHGs, public in various panchayats. waste management
NGOs, students
Also, GSUDA conducted various awareness
programmes and campaigns like cycle rally,
school children rally, street play etc.
Monitoring and To understand the Time to time monitor/review, theSLAB & SLAC are already in place .
Review performance of SWM GSPCB / GWMC performance of respective Municipal Further District Level Environment
system and to take steps / Municipal Council / V. P Council and Village Panchayats on wasteCommittee is also been formed to
at appropriate time for segregation, transportation processing,monitor the progress.
violators. treatment and disposal and take corrective
measures.
Where in monitoring of segregation, etc.

will also be carried out by GPS tracking of
47
schedule
vehicle for monitoring the performance of
solid waste. is proposed. District Level
Environment Committee will sit monthly to
review the status of execution of SWM.
48
4.2 Plastic Waste Management

Present Scenario in the District.
The plastic waste generated in South Goa is around 23% of dry waste. Around 36 tons of plastic
waste generate per day in South Goa District as per iDeck report. Being the tourist destination,
the generation of dry waste and plastic waste is comparatively more in the district. Major
beaches such as Vasco da Gama, Benaulim, Bogmala, Canacona, Madgao etc. are located in
South Goa district.
Plastic waste to be managed in accordance with the Plastic Waste Management (Amendment)
Rules, 2018 with an emphasis on the 3R /4R principles of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recovery.
Segregated dry waste from all Municipal Councils are dispatched to Verna dry waste facility it is
further segregated manually into plastic, paper, glass, coconut shell, clothes, metal, etc.
Recyclables plastic waste are baled and sold to vendors through an auctioning process. The non-
recyclable plastic waste is baled and transported to cement factories in Karnataka. Similarly, for
Village Panchayats, recyclable plastic waste is segregated and sold off to vendors and non-
recyclable waste is baled as RDF and transported to cement factories in Karnataka.
The GSPCB has granted ‘registration to 35 plastic manufacturing units under rule 13 of plastic
waste management rule 2016 amended in 2018. Implementation of ban on plastics below < 50
microns thickness and penalizing violators is being practiced. Government of Goa is also
amended the Goa Non-Biodegradable Act 1996 for banning of single-use plastic and levying of
fine for littering etc. The amendment is notified as “the Goa Non-Biodegradable Garbage (Control)
(Amendment) Act, 2019”
The segregated dry waste from 89 VPs are being collected and transported by vendor then
further plastic waste is baled at 5 locations viz Chicalim-Mormugao, Cana Benaulim – Salcete,
Varca- Salcete, Majorda-Utorda-Calata- Mormugao, Sancoale- Mormugao of South Goa District.
The bailing machines are of 5- 10 HP capacity. Non-recyclable plastic is further baled and
transported to cement factories in Karnataka.
Plastic to fuel plant is proposed in Goa at Pernem Taluka to cater the entire Goa state. The
contract has been given to M.K. Aromatics Ltd. in year 2014. Plastic to fuel plant is to be
operational from year 2015. However it is not in operation yet, hence the hight court of Bombay
at Goa directed the company to get the plant operation by May 15, 2020.
49
Table 6: - Plastic Waste Management Plan

Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on February Time schedule
2020
Quantification of plastic To implement the robust GWMC/ Municipal System for inventorisation is to be Not initiated separately Under process
waste generation system for plastic waste Council /BDO established mainly for bulk plastic for plastic waste as such
management waste generators
Implementation of Door to Door collection, GWMC/ Municipal 100% door to door collection with
Collection and Segregated Waste collection, Council /BDO segregation at source is already
segregation Plastic waste collection at implemented in all Municipal
MRF. Corporation except Curchorem.
In Blocks /V. P the collection and
segregation is 60 to 70 %.
Authorization of PW pickers, Authorization of PW pickers is to be Not initiated at

PW collection Centers to be established in the district with the Municipal council levels
ensured help of local NGO. / Village Panchayats
level. However dry To initiate
waste is collected by an
agency in 146 village
panchayats of Goa .
Establishment of List of PROs of GWMC/ Municipal Linkage with NEPRA ResourceAlready initiated at Under process
linkage with producers/NGO to be Councils /BDOs Management Pvt Ltd, Karo Sambhav Municipal council levels /
Stakeholders collected and steps to be and Sampurn(e)arth Environment Village Panchayats level
taken for initiating linkage as Solutions Pvt. Ltd has been
per PWM-2016 established
Availability of facilities Each ULBs /RLBs in GWMC/ Municipal All Municipal Councils have the
for Recycling or consultation prepare plan for Council /BDO manual MRF/sorting station to cater
utilization of PW setting up facilities for to the dry waste of their respective
Recycling or utilization of PW. jurisdiction where the recyclables
50
2020
and non-recyclables are segregated
MRF is used in Municipal Council as

well as village panchayts.
Co-processing of non-recyclable
plastic waste in Cement Kiln is
already practiced in MC and all V.P.
Plastic to fuel plant of 10 TPD Under construction Will be completed

capacity is under construction at in May 2020.
Pernem to cater the entire state.
10 TPD Material Recovery FacilityThe proposal is under MoU is under

is also proposed under the CSR consideration by progress.
scheme of Airport ProjectAirport Authority of
Chicalim India (AAI) CSR Board
Implementation of PW To Ensure Implementation of GSPCB, Dept of Ban on plastics below < 50 microns Ban is implemented and
Management Rules,PW Management Rules, 2016. Environment and / thickness and penalizing violators is defaulter are penalized.
2016 Municipal Council already implemented.
/BDO
MCs in association with District Surprise inspection to To initiate
Administration will conduct be initiated
Surprise inspection on the
commercial establishments for the
eradication of banned plastic and
Sealing of units producing < GIDC/GSPCB/DM imposes fine for those who store,
51
2020
50- micron plastic. sell and use the banned items.
To identify such units and

implement the law.
Implementation of To identify Producers/Brand- GSPCB/ Dept of Linkage with NEPRA Resource Identified NEPRA In process
Extended Producers owners and act in accordance Environment and / Management Pvt Ltd, Karo Resource Management
Responsibility (EPR) with Govt. policies / Municipal Council Sambhav and Sampurn(e)arth Pvt Ltd, Karo Sambhav
through Producers notifications in this regard /BDO Environment Solutions Pvt. Ltd has and Sampurn(e)arth
/Brand- owners been established Environment Solutions
Pvt. Ltd
Awareness Public Awareness and GSPCB/GWMC GSUDA has conducted several Awareness campaigns
participation to be created plastic awareness campaigns like are in progress.
plastic mukt bharat, shramdhaan
(mass movement), pledges for
plastic free India, mass segregation
drives, organized school rallies
under Municipal Councils of Goa.
52
4.3. C&D Waste Management
The Construction & Demolition (C & D) Waste The waste comprising of building materials, debris
and rubble resulting from construction, re-modeling, repair and demolition of any civil structure
produced in the district is presently being dumped on Road side and mostly filled in low lying
areas. The Office of the Principal Chief Engineer, PWD, Government of Goa, vide Notification no
5-1-PCE-PWD-EO/2018/181 dated 07/03/2018 referring to the haphazard disposal of C & D
waste has identified locations for dumping the construction debris.
Goa PWD has identified 13 sites for disposing of C&D waste. Out of which 6 are in and around
South Goa district.
1. NH 17 Nuvem to Navelim on the acquired Margao By-pass

2. NH 4A Khandepar to Curti on Khandepar By-pass Curti-Keryan
3. NH 17 Chawdi to Talpona Canacona By-pass approach of Galgibag Cancona side
4. NH 17: Varunapuri to Baina on NH 17B acquired land at Sada
5. NH 17B IDC entry junction to end of IDC jurisdiction on Loutolim side
6. NH 17 Nagoa to Verna on NH 17 existing RHS of Verna By-pass
To implement safe and sound treatment and utilisation of C&D waste in Goa . As a part of the
C&D-WIN activities, SINTEF and Goa Waste Management Corporation (GWMC) has signed a MoU.
In Goa the C &D waste is more due to demolition activity, which is directly linked to the tourism
industry. The demolition activity in Goa is mainly concentrated in 4 to 5 major coastal pockets,
Vasco and Madgaon in the South Goa. Goa being the popular tourist place and as the footfall of
tourists have been on the rise generating big demand for hotel rooms during the tourist season
the C & D waste is increasing.
Most of the demolition is carried out by a JCB. The net result is that all materials are mixed in
the debris and any recovery of C&D waste is extremely challenging. The demolished waste is
carted by transporters to dumping sites or sold to those who use the material as backfill. The
transporters generally charge Rs. 1500 to Rs. 1800 for a truck of 2.5 – 3 MT capacity to cart away the
demolished waste.
53
Table 7: - C&D Waste Management Plan

Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on February 2020 Time schedule
Quantification of Survey and Investigate the Municipal Council As there is no authentic data of Estimation of quantity of C & D Completed
C&D waste C & D generators under the /BDO available with Municipal councils is done for complete state.
generation jurisdiction of ULBs/RLB . PWD/ GWMC and village panchayats on theAround 108 tons per day C & D
Identify regular bulk waste volume of C&D waste or the waste waste generation in district.
generators (Contractors or stream generated in Goa. GWMC Salcette is highest generator.
Builders and Demolition had signed MoU with SINTEFF to
waste generators) prepare inventory and develop
C&D waste management plan.
Collection and Distribution of Collecting, No systematic segregation and DPR for C&D waste
storage of C &D Transporting and collection of C&D waste in MCsmanagement plan is in place. In process
waste Processing of C & D and VPs. Wherein plan for segregation
and collection is given
At present PWD has Identified 13 Identification is done and

Treatment of C & D Wastes locations across Goa next toimplementation is going on. Completed
or Transformation National Highways and state
roads for ULB’s and others to
deposit its C&D waste
Two transfer stations and Joint inspection conducted with

collections points for proper SINTEF Consultant at Verna IDC
collection and delivery of C&D for setting up transfer station
waste are proposed. for South Goa.
54
Construction and Demolition Procedure for transfer of land
waste management / recycling is in-process.
facility is proposed at Bicholim to 30 months
cater the entire state of Goa in an from the date
area of 44,678 sq.m and with 500 of acquisition
TPD capacity which will operates of the identified
under the wet technology land.
principles of international
standard. Cost of the project is
approx 120 Cr
Implementation C & D Wastes Strategy is in progress for a Finalisation is in process -
of scheme for generators representative fee to be paid by
permitting bulk Contractors/ waste generators to ensure that
waste Builders / polluter pays principle is upheld
generators TCP/PWD
Establishment of Municipal Council setting up a composite /all in one Identification of Land of 4000
C&D Waste Identify and allocation of /BDO/ transfer station for C & D Wastesqm for Setting up of Transfer
Deposition land for deposition centre GWMC and build a wall is proposed at Stations is in process.
centers/ Colavale.
transfer Construction and fencing
stations. of deposition censer. Use of abandoned quarries/pits GWMC identified following
Identify the transportation for backfilling of C&D Waste quarries/mining pit in revenue
point land in South Goa
Dharbandora-Pillem Village
55
Implementation Implementation of Bye- Municipal Council Currently no bye laws areDevelopment of bye laws for a
of Bye- Laws for Laws for CD Waste /BDO/ executed. It is proposed to issue penalty mechanism for
CD Waste Management as well as GWMC/TCP advisory to all Government polluters found dumping C&D
Management Collection of Deposition / departments mandating use of at-waste along roads, beaches,
disposal Charges least 2 % C&D recycled productsriver, low lying areas fields etc.
for building works, 10 % C&Dbased on polluters pay
recycled products for road worksprinciple in progress. It is to
and requiring ULBs to mandate 5finalised.
% C&D recycled products for non-
structural applications by all,
including private individuals.
Establishment of Municipal Council Construction & Demolition Waste Land acquisition for Proposed In process
C&D Waste To establish a C&D Waste /BDO/ Management Facility – Bicholim C&D Waste Management
recycling plant or recycling plant. GWMC 500 TPD capacity. Approx. 44,678 Facility
linkage with sqm at Bicholim. Catering toNOC from TCP, administrative
such facility entire state fof Goa costingapproval from DST is received
Approx 120 Cr. and approval of Dy Collector
GWMC collected & sent revenue is awaited.
approximate 40 tons C & D Waste NOC from Forest Dept is
composite samples to Delhi C & D awaited.
Waste Management Facility for
analysis.
56
4.4 Bio – Medical Waste Management
Biomedical waste’ (BMW) means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment
or immunization of human beings or animals or research activities.
Health Care Facilities (HCFs’) in the State generate about 2 tons of BMW per day and are being
disposed-off as per the provision of the Bio-medical Waste Rules, 2018. The Health Care
Facilities (HCFs’) are disposing the waste generated in (i) Deep-burial pits, (b) Encapsulation pits
after treatment using Autoclave / disinfection, (c) Shredding.
The State through Goa Medical College (GMC)/ GWMC commissioned incinerator of 100 Kg/hr
at Goa Medical College on 20/01/2020.
As per inventorisation of biomedical waste carried out by Toxic links agency appointed by
GWMC, currently the total BMW generation is 2992 kgs from health care facilities and total
sanitary waste generated from households per day is 17179 kgs in entire state.
Goa currently does not have a Common Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) to treat
and dispose its BMW. However, around 113 captive disposal facilities exist in South Goa district
(as per GSPCB). According to the Goa State Pollution Control Board South Goa District has 420
healthcare facilities that include 192 clinics, 29 pathological laboratories and 62 hospitals and
nursing homes,121 dental clinics, 1veternary hospital and 2 bioresearch lab out of which 30 are
authorised HCF with bed and 85 non bedded HCF.
As per the study carried out by GWMC/ toxic link around 1034 kg per day of biomedical waste
generated in South Goa district. Of this, part of the waste is disposed of by Healthcare
Institutions by adopting the deep burial pit method, the recyclable treated BMW is disposed of
after pre-treatment to recyclers, and some picked up by the local Municipalities.
A GSPCB authorized firm, Goa Health Monitoring Services (GHMS) has been collecting and
managing some amount of the BMW generated in the State, primarily in and around Panaji
GHMS is currently utilizing the facility at GMC which has an incinerator and a hydroclave.
57
Table 8: - Biomedical Waste Management Plan

2020
Preparation of Inventorisation of GSPCB/Chief health Inventorisation of Biomedical waste Completed
Inventory / Occupiers and data on officer/MC/VP generation is conducted by toxic links-
quantification of bio-medical waste The Just Environmental Charitable Trust
Biomedical generation, treatment in year 2018
Waste Generation & disposal which are to
be updated at least
two times each year
Collection, Segregation Biomedical Waste to Chief health At present Goa Health Monitoring
& Treatment of be managed in officer/MC/VP Services (GHMS) has been collecting
biomedical waste accordance with the and disposing some quantity of the
Bio Medical Waste BMW generated in district.
Management Rules,
2016.
Capacity HCF should be made Health At present only few health facilities are GWMC appointed
building/training of aware of their roles Department, providing for segregation and handling agency, Toxics Link
HCFs and responsibilities GWMC and of biomedical waste. would conduct a
under the Bio Medical /MC/BDO It is proposed to conduct training capacity building
Waste Management program by toxic link along with a session for the
Rules, 2016 training manual for BMW healthcare fraternity
For proper management, interactive members so as to build
management of the presentations addressing different awareness on all issues
waste in the sections of the health care (hazards, pilferage,
healthcare facilities professionals (in local language compliance, illegal
the technical required), IEC Materials including selling
58
2020
requirements of segregation posters, ward boy safety of plastics etc.) of
waste handling are posters, etc. use of informative videos BMW management
needed to be to disseminate information will also be and the concerned
understood and generated. Rules. Training sessions
practiced by each will be conducted for
category of the staff HCF staff, doctors,
in accordance with Nurses and the
the BMWM Rules, Sanitation staff.
2016.
Authorization of HCFs Every HCFs and Clinical GSPCB /MC/V. P At present 30 bedded facilities and 85 Notices have been
by SPCBs / PCCs Establishment should non bedded facilities are authorized by issued and
be authorized by GSPCB in South Goa authorization of
GSPCB under Bio remaining HCF are in
Medical Waste process
Management Rules,
2016
Common Treatment For effective treatment GWMC/GSPCB Common Bio-Medical Waste Consent to Establish The plant will
and Disposal and safe disposal of Treatment and Disposal Facilitygranted by GSPCB on be
Facilities of Biomedical biomedical waste (CBWTDF) of 200 Kg/hr. incinerators 06/01/2020 commissioned
Waste CBMWTFs) under BMW rules 2016 capacity in an area of 10,000 sqm in Civil work of compound in 24 months
Kundaim Industrial Estate with the wall commenced. from the issue
cost of 12 Cr approx. will be catering to of work order.
entire state of Goa.
Goa state Government intent to
establish this project, to bring in a
59
2020
holistic, dynamic and sustainable BMW
management system in the state by
setting up a state-of-the-art Common
BMW Treatment under Public Private
Partnership model.
Monitoring and Review For Compliance by GSPCB / Facility Monitoring and auditing of the To be initiated
CBMWTFs, Barcode operator. operation of the CBMWTF by District
tracking by HCFs / level committee
CBMWTFs and
Compliance to
standards.
60
4.5 Hazardous Waste Management.
“Hazardous waste” means any waste which by reason of characteristics such as physical,
chemical, biological, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive, causes danger or is likely
to cause danger to health or environment, whether alone or in contact with other wastes or
substances under Hazardous waste and transboundary movement rules 2016 .
Presently there is no Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and disposal Facility
(CHWTSDF) within Goa state. Industries here are required to dispose their hazardous waste in
other nearby states. As per GSPCB, there are 598 industries (approx.) in South Goa district
generating nearly 18485.6 MTPA of Haz Waste. Out of which 2817.9 MT is incinerable, 9638 MT
landfillable and 6028.69 MT recyclable or utilizable waste.
Out of the total authorized units, approx. 65 % of the units are only generating HW under
category 5.1 (i.e. Used spent oil from D.G.sets, etc.) and approx. 10% of the units are only
generating HW under category 33.1 (i.e. discarded drums/empty containers from small
fabrication units etc.)
The State is in a process of setting-up Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage &
Disposal Facility (CHWTSDF) at Pissurlem, with capacity of 25,000 TPA Secured Landfill & 1.5
ton/hr incinerators in an area of 77,574 Sq.m at Pissurlem Industrial Estate. With the primary
objective of to provide scientific treatment/ disposal of Hazardous Wastes through Incineration/
common landfill facility to cater to the hazardous wastes’ generation in Goa state.
As discussed in previous paragraphs, there are 23 industrial estates in Goa as Goa has seen a
steady growth of industries in the recent years. Government of Goa, while encouraging
industrial growth, is also conscious about the Environmental impacts of the industries.
Hazardous waste is one of them, thus hazardous generated needs treatment and disposal which
cannot be undertaken at individual industry level, as this will result in creating pollution hot
spots at multiple locations.
In Goa, a special purpose vehicle is formed in view of increasing industrial activity in the state
leading to an increasing industrial waste load, industries. GIDC encouraged the Industries to
form a special purpose vehicle designated as Goa Industries Environment Management
Association (GEIMA). GEIMA is an umbrella organization of industries generating hazardous
waste formed in the State of Goa primarily to address the issues of hazardous waste disposal.
GEIMA is facilitating this project of hazardous waste disposal site in Goa for and on behalf of
Goan industries.
61
The State has around 1029 industrial units that generate hazardous waste. There are 1018
industries involved in producing incineration waste, 918 create recyclable waste and 310 are
into land-fillable waste..
As per GSPCB there are two Hazardous Waste Disposal Facility (captive) in Goa as on January 2020
1. M/s Nicomet Industries Limited (Captive Secured Landfill facility ,Phase I (a) & I (b)), Plot No L15,
19,20, Cuncolim Industrial Estate.
2. M/s Deccan Fine Chemicals (India) Private Limited, Santa Monica Works, Corlim, IIhas ,Goa 403110
(Captive Incinerators ).
GSPCB has authorised M/s. Canacona Hydrocarbons, Plot No.87 & 89, Canacona Industrial Estate,
Canacona Goa for South Goa district for collection and transport of hazardous waste for the
recyclers/utilizer/disposal facilities which are located outside the and authorization capacity is 16200 MT.
62
Table 9: - Hazardous Waste Management Plan

2020
Preparation of To record the GWMC, Inventory of hazardous wasteInventory completed
‘Inventory / hazardous waste Department of generation is available for
quantification of generation Environment, South Goa district.
Hazardous Waste Govt. of Goa and
Generators’ GSPCB.
Contaminated Sites To check ground water GSPCB and, Illegal industrial hazardous Closure notice to industry
and illegal industrial and land contamination Department of waste of 25,000 tons dumped and insolvency declared by
hazardous waste Environment, in Cuncolim Industrial Estate by company
dumpsites Govt. of Goa Ms Sunrise Zinc and is now
occupied by Ms Axis Pvt Ltd.
Court case had been filed
against them by GSPCB
Authorization of At present 598 industries are
industries by authorized by GSPCB
SPCBs/PCCs
Treatment and disposal To control land and GIEMA At present, Goa state does notCivil work for CHWTSDF First cell of landfill will
of HW in Common ground water have CHWTSDF. commenced. commenced by May
Hazardous Waste TSDF contamination and Setting up of Common 2020 and the facility
abide HWM rule 2016 Hazardous Waste Treatment, shall commence in 18
Storage & Disposal in process months (i.e March
with 25,000 TPA Secured 2021) from the date of
Landfill & 1.5 ton/hr. execution of agreement.
incinerators capacity 77,574 Sq.
at plot at 5, Pissurlem Industrial
63
2020
Estate for entire state of Goa
with cost of Approx. 80 Cr
Establishment of Waste ULBs linked to Common MC/BDO/GWMC All Municipal councils and It is considered in the SWM To be initiated
deposition centers for TSDFs for Domestic Village panchayats will policy of Goa to establish
domestic hazardous Hazardous Waste establish waste deposition the DHW centre.
waste centers for domestic
hazardous waste and give
direction for waste generators
to deposit domestic hazardous
wastes at this center for its
safe disposal.
Monitoring of GSPCB And facility District Level Monitoring
Compliance operator Committee under the
chairmanship of District
Collector South Goa District to
monitor the compliance of the
provisions of Hazardous waste
Management Rules.
64
4.6 . E-Waste Management

'e-waste' means electrical and electronic equipment, whole or in part discarded as waste by the
consumer or bulk consumer as well as rejects from manufacturing, refurbishment and repair
processes.
Current practices in Goa were limited to collection and transportation of E- waste to other cities
like Delhi, Bangalore etc. for recycling activities. Scrap vendors collected E- waste from
Government. offices, residential areas, industries, private institutes, banks etc. Such E-waste
was then stored at the scrap yards. When considerable E- waste was collected at the scrap yards
they were then packed and transported to the recycling facilities at other cities.
As per the GSPCB annual reports the yearly collection of E-waste in the State was about 440 tons
in 2017-18. Collection of E-Waste from the month of February 2019 till is 23.875 tons by M/s.
Karo Sambhav Pvt. Ltd.
Presently considering the less quantity of generation of e-waste (7,682.24 MT), it’s not
economically viable to setup recycling facility. However, the process to comply with the E-waste
Rules, 2016 (i.e. collection of E-waste, segregation and scientific disposal) is in place through
M/s Karo Sambhav for scientific disposal with authorised recyclers at Bengaluru, Karnataka.
However, the State is exploring a proposal for Design Build and Operate an E-Waste
Management (Collection, Storage, and Dismantling). GIDC has allotted land to GWMC of 4000
sqmt. each at Pissurlem & Sanguem IDC for E Waste Management. Currently, waste collected is
stored at SWMF, Saligao.
GSPCB has authorized M/s Global E-Waste Management Systems Plot No: Shop No 729/s-1 to
729/s-5 , Sonum Township Nessai for the collection and Dismantling of E waste under E waste
(Management & Handling), Rules 2011 & E waste (Management) Rules, 2016.
For extended producers’ responsibility (EPR) purpose, GSPCB has authorized IFB Industries Ltd.
situated at L-1, Verna Electronic City, Verna, Salcete Goa under E waste (Management) Rules,
2016.
65
Table 10: - E- Waste Management Plan

Collection of E-Waste Collection Centers to be GWMC/ MC/BDO The Goa Waste Management On going -
established by ULBs in GSPCB Corporation (GWMC) has signed
District a MoU with M/s. Karo Sambhav
Pvt. Ltd. on 9th January 2019 for
Authorizing E-Waste undertaking awareness creation
collectors / Dismantler and collection of E-waste across
the state of Goa. M/s. Karo
Involvement of NGOs Sambhav Pvt. Ltd is a Producer
Responsibility Organisation
(PRO) having authorisation from
the Central Pollution Control
Board (CPCB). It is a collection
partner for the GWMC taking
responsibility to procure E-waste
from the State and channelizing
it to authorized recyclers.
The Goa State Pollution Control

Board has authorized M/s Global
E-waste Management System for
dismantling of E-waste with
capacity of 103 MT/annum.
Control of E-Waste to close illegal GSPCB One collection centers and On going -
related pollution trading or processing one Dismantler have been
of E-Waste. Informal granted authorization by
66
trading, dismantling, GSPCB for collection of E
and recycling of e- waste under E waste
waste exists in District (Management) Rules, 2016.
E Waste State to ensure earmarking or Tender shall be floated for by February
allocation of Industrial space selection of service
Management in the 2020.
or shed for e-waste provider for Design Build
State of Goa dismantling and recycling in and Operate an E-Waste
the existing and upcoming
Management (Collection,
industrial estate (100%)
Storage, and Dismantling
& Disposal) for the State
GWMC is planning of
developing a smart and of Goa.
intelligent E-waste
management system for
handling Electronic Waste
generated in the State
supported by online system
with the help of toxic links.
Awareness To conduct District GWMC/MC/BDO Agency appointed by GWMC Continuous process
level Awareness “Karo Sambhav “has created
Campaigns around 50 awareness sessions
in Village Panchayats, Colleges,
Government Departments and
different organizations.
67
5.0 Water Quality Management Plan

As per Water resource department South Goa, there are around 235 water bodies (tanks) and
around 825 borewells and 2076 open wells in South Goa District. There are 132 bandharas and 4
dams in south Goa as per WRD.
There are 14 major and minor rivers/rivulets flow through the district of South Goa covering
length of around 694 km (as per WRD). The detail list of river and rivulets with lengths are given
in Annexure.
Goa is drained by nine major rivers (as per zoning atlas of Goa) that are perennial and have high
water flow particularly during the monsoons. In addition to this, the State is privileged to receive
an enormous average of approximately 3000 mm rainfall annually. The total water potential in
Goa amounts to approximately 8570 MCM. But despite this huge percentage of assured water,
owing to the topography of Goa, most of this water ultimately gets drained into the Arabian Sea.
The surface water in Goa is predominantly used for domestic, irrigation and industrial purposes.
Other uses include propagation of wildlife, organized bathing at pilgrim centers, fish and shrimp
farming and hydel power generation.
There are 11 polluted river stretches identified by the CPCB in the state of Goa in year 2018. Out
of these, four rivers are in South Goa district viz. Sal river , Talpona river, Zuari river and
Khandepar river. Polluted stretches of river indicating levels of pollutants (as monitored by
GSPCB under NWMP for the period of 2015-2018). Prioritization of rivers are done by CPCB
based on the concentration of BOD in five classes from priority I to V.
Table 11. Polluted stretch of rivers in South Goa District as per CPCB
Name of Polluted stretch Level of pollutants (as monitored CPCB
the river by GSPCB under NWMP) Prioritization
(Maximum values are presented
amongst all three season)
Sal Khareband to Khareband Priority III
Mobor stretch of
DO- 0.1 to 8.2 mg/l
22 kms
BOD – 0.6 to 32 mg/l
Faecal coliform – 7900 to 54,000
MPN/100ml
68
Along Canacona Cancona

Talpona Priority IV
(Talpona to DO- 4.9 to 8.9 mg/l
Gokarna Math) BOD – 0.7 to 3.7 mg/l
Faecal coliform – 33 to 2400
MPN/100ml
Kodli to Opa stretch Opa Ponda
Khandepar Priority V
of 10 kms DO- 5.2-7.9 mg/l
BOD – 0.4 to 2.7 mg/l
Faecal coliform – 330 to 54,00
MPN/100ml
Zuari Curchorem to Madkai jetty Priority V
Madkai stretch of DO -3.2 to 7.8 mg/l
28 km BOD – 0.9 to 5.8 mg/l
Faecal coliform – 450 to 4900
MPN/100ml
DO, BOD and Faecal coli form values of above table reveals that BOD values are marginally
higher, however Faecal / total coliform is on higher side then prescribed criteria. Finding of
studies carried out for River action plan is that the major cause of river pollution is Sewage
discharge (untreated) by urban population and solid waste dumping. It is also observed that
there is no industrial pollution along these river stretches, there is no direct discharge into the
rivers.
Thus, as per NGT Order dated 20th Sept. 2018 an action plan for rejuvenation of above four
rivers are prepared recently by Unity I.E World Pvt. Ltd. Pune. The Government of Goa has
constituted a River Rejuvenation Committee (RRC) comprising of various departments under the
Chairmanship of Secretary (Environment).
River action plans were approved by the RRC for onward submission to the NGT and for further
implementation through various departments concerned.
River action plan mainly comprises of following measures: -
A. Source Control:
The source control includes the industrial pollution control and treatment and disposal of
domestic sewage. The industrial areas along the bank of rivers as well as the flows from the
tributaries contributing to the rivers have been analysed .
Channelization, treatment, utilisation and disposal of treated domestic sewage is proposed.
69
B. River Catchment / Basin Management:

Controlled ground water extraction and periodic quality assessment is proposed. Periodic
monitoring of ground water resources and regulation of ground water extraction by industries
particularly over exploded and critical zones has been advised.
The major portion of the river is in saline zone / tidal affected and not used for irrigation
purpose.
C. Flood Plane Zone:

Regulating activity in flood plain zone: Encroachments has been identified a few locations
including the domestic sewage disposal in the river / tributaries. Diversion of the sewage
discharge and provision of connection to the nearby sewerage network within the period of Six
months is proposed.
Management of Municipal, Plastic, Hazardous, Bio-Medical & Electrical and Electronic Waste.
Local bodies shall improve /upgrade the existing SWM facility and diligently implement the
100% collection, segregation and treatment and disposal of solid waste within 6 months (mainly
semi urban panchayats along the river bank )
Greenery Development – Plantation Plan .
D. Ecological / Environmental Flow (E-Flow):

Issues relating to E- Flow: All three rivers (Zuari, Talpona and Kahndepar have sufficient flow
during the lean season also. Sal river is non perennial hence E-flow issues are there.
Irrigation practices: The major portion of the river is in saline zone / tidal affected and not used
for irrigation purpose.
The action strategies designed to rejuvenate all these rivers under RAP are as follows.
Action Strategy River Stretch Agency Time

Frame
SAL RIVER
Connection of Khareband Nalla to Khareband SIDCGL, WRD 18 months
North Trunk main sewer line, which
will be treated in 20 MLD STP
The flow from Shirvodem Nallah is Shirvodem SIDCGL Completed
presently diverted to 20MLD STP at
Shirvodem, Navelim. Same is being
treated & left in the nullah on
70

Frame
downstream side, the flow diverted
water ranges from 2-5 MLD
Replacement of the Old Sewerage Margao town, SIDCGL, PWD 18 months
Network system, laying of new Navelim and other
sewerage sub urban
system providing House areas around
connections to the existing Margao
sewerage system
Improvement and upgradation of Margao MC, GSUDA,
the existing Solid Waste Cuncolim MC, Margao MC,
Management Facility including Navelim,Telaulim, Cuncolim MC
collection system, composting Cana Benaulim, & concerned
facilities and erection of Varca, Orlim, Village
material recovery facilities /storage Carmona, Assolna, Panchayats
shed for nonbiodegradable waste at Cavelossim, Velim,
Sonsoddo Margao Mobor
De-silting of River Sal Telaulim to Varca Captain of 24 months

Ports
De-weeding Khareband to Water 6 months
Navelim Resources (By March
Department 2020)
Recycling and Reuse of treated Khareband to SIDCGL 12 months
sewage from the Sewage treatment Navelim
plant at Colva for flushing and
maintaining E-flow during dry
season.
Installation of DO control measures Khareband to WRD 6 months
Navelim
Training and Capacity Building, River Sal (Polluted GSPCB 6 months
Awareness Program Stretch)
Zuari, Talpona and Khandepar River
Disconnection of direct discharges For Zuari Directorate 6 months
of domestic sewage into the River / Curchorem to ofPanchayat
storm water drains/ Nallahs Madkai and
Directorate
 Disconnection of the direct
of Health
discharge into the river / For Talpona
71

Frame
stormwater drain/Nallahs. Along the
Installation of Bio toilets Canacona
a) Talpona
 Construction of septic tank b) Poinginium
and soak pits by residential
houses For Kahandepar
Codli to U/s of
Opa water
works
a) Khandepar
b) Usgao
Improvement and up gradation of For Zuari River 18 Respective 12
the existing Solid Waste locations as Village months
Panchayat and
management Facility including mentioned in RAP. Directorate of
collection system and erection of For Talpona river Panchayat
material recovery facilities / a) Talpona
storage shed for nonbiodegradable b) Poinginium
waste in the village panchayat areas
along the banks of River
Establishment of toilets at Fishing For Zuari at Department 6
Jetty Cortalim of Fisheries months
For Talpona at
Talpona fishing jetty
Implementation of underground SIDCGL 12
sewerage scheme as well as STPs months
are in progress
Construction of Common Goa Waste 18
Biomedical waste at Kundaim Management months
Industrial Estate corporation
Collection of the E-waste generated - -
and transported to authorised recyclers
72
Table 12: - Water Management Plan

2020
Preparation of Inventory of water Water resource List of water resources is prepared List of water resources are Completed
Inventory of water resources in District department and available with WRD enclosed as available with WRD.
resources in District covering Rivers, Coastline annexure.
and other natural water
bodies, Nalas/ Drains
meeting Rivers Lakes /
Ponds, etc
Collection of data for To check the ground and GSPCB and Monthly surface water monitoring of On going process -
Water Quality surface water pollution Dept of water quality of river is carried out
environment. under National Water Monitoring
Program (NWMP) of CPCB.
Water monitoring and analysis will
also be carried out for other rivers.
Preparation of Control of Groundwater WRD and GSPCB Ground water quality is monitored by On going process -
inventory for ground Water Quality and GSPCB as well GSDA also.
water quantity
Monitoring and Availability of Water GSPCB / Monitoring cell is created by GSPCB Completed -
compliance Quality Data. Creation of Captain of port
monitoring cell.
Control of River side River side activities like GSPCB/ There is no riverside open Steps to control duping of Six months
Activities River Side open MC/BDO defecation as such. For idol solid waste on riverbanks
defecation, Dumping of immersion villages have identified at few locations (as
SW on riverbanks, Idol few locations in the river starch or mentioned in River action
73
2020
immersion etc. to be ponds. plan)
controlled
Besides this GSPCB conducts water
quality monitoring before and 15
days after idol immersion.
However, idols of plaster of paris

are completely ban in the district.
Control of Water Monitoring of Action GSPCB Monthly surface water monitoring River action plan for -
Pollution in Rivers Plans for of water quality of all four rivers are rejuvenation of Sal, Talpona
Rejuvenation of Rivers carried out under National Water Zuari and Kahandepar river
Monitoring Program (NWMP) of has been prepared
CPCB.
Water monitoring and analysis will also
be carried out for other rivers.
Oil Spill Disaster GSPCB / The Goa Oil Spill Disaster Completed -
Contingency Plan DM/Captain Contingency Plan prepared by the
ports, GSPCB is already in place to tackle
Dept of any possible oil spill disaster in Goa.
Environment District Oil Spill Crisis
Management Group is also
constituted for handling any such
disaster.
74
2020
Protection of Flood Encroachment of flood As per WRD there is no
plains plains is regulated. encroachment of flood pain in the
district.
Rainwater Harvesting Action plan for MC/BDO/Town Action is taken under the Goa (Land On- going process -
Rainwater planning Development and Building
harvesting Construction Act 2008) and The Goa
land Development and Building
Construction Regulation 2010.
Under this rule it is mandatory to
construct roof top rainwater
harvesting for building having plot
area of 4000 sqm, floor area of 2000
sqm.
75
6.Domestic Sewage Management Plan.

At present the Sewerage Coverage in entire state of Goa is only 16% and only 2 towns are having
proper sewerage System with Sewage treatment Plant (STP) i.e. Margao and Vasco in South Goa.
The sewerage Schemes are in progress in Colva and Navelim and their surrounding areas. The Master
Plan is prepared for State of Goa Covering Major Municipal areas / Towns in the state of Goa.
Presently the treated sewage from STP's is released in Nallah, River or nearby water body, However,
action plan is prepared by SIDCGL to utilize this water for gardening, Construction activities and other
non-potable purposes. The water will be provided free of cost to the desirable consumers provided the
consumer shall make the arrangement of conveyance by tankers on their own. The treated sludge is
being taken as manure by desirable consumer, however the quantity utilised in minimal.
The Performance of the STP's are monitored regularly by GSPCB as well as by SIDCGL and the results
are satisfactory.
Presently around 399 private STP are operational in the state of Goa out of them around 11 are found
nonfunctional (August to November 2019). The GSPCB, issued ‘Directions’ to non-complying STP’s (i.e.
exceedance of up to 02-nos. of CPCB-prescribed parameters for STP-treated-water) with instruction to
rectify the same and submit treated-water analysis within 06-months from date of issuance of such
directions, failing which environmental compensation be imposed. While, in other cases, the GSPCB
has imposed a submission of ‘Bank-guarantee’ with instructions to repair / modify / augment the
treatment capacity or process-methodology within stipulated time-frame, failing which the B.G.to be
forfeited and proceed with Polluter-Pay-Principle and/or criminal proceedings
In South District there are two class II towns (Murmogoa and Madgaon), and it generates 18 MLD
sewage (sewage of Margao, Fatorda Vasco and Durbhat Ponda is considered) At present majority of
towns are having conventional septic tank and soak pit arrangements and the same work efficiently.
However, in certain places such as densely populated areas, low lying areas and areas with high water
table, rocky strata there are issues of non- functioning of soak pits.
Thera are six STP’s having capacities of 1 MLD STP, 100 MLD STP, 20 MLD STP, 1 MLD STP, 20 MLD STP
and 6.75 MLD STP are operational in Durbhat, Ponda, Vasco, Sancole, Shirvodem and Margao
respectively in South Goa District. Construction of two more STP are in progress at Queula of 15 MLD
and Colva with 7.5MLD capacity. Few new STP’s are proposed at Undir and Curti of South Goa district
of 15 MLD and 8 MLD capacities respectively. All STP’s are on SBR /NTS technologies.
76
Implementation of sewerage network is in progress 80 % network is completed in Ponda and Kavelem

& House Connections are to be done. In Undir and Curti 60 % and 90% network is completed
respectively, and House Connections are to be done. In Margao network is completed and House
Connections are in progress, Scheme is 80% Commissioned while in Colva 70% of network is
completed.
77
Table 13 - Domestic Sewage Management Plan

Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on February Time
2020 schedule
Preparation of area Survey and identification PWD/DMA/DoP Based on studies the two STP are Two STP are proposed and Around 2
wise Inventory of all Households to ensure proposed in the district.two are under years
Sewage proper drainage and Construction of 2 STP are inconstruction.
Generation and its management of sewage. progress [Colva with 7.5 MLD
management and Ponda with 15MLD
Assessment of PWD
requirement for sewage
treatment
Monitoring of sewage Quantity of treated and Sewerage Treated effluent from
discharge untreated sewage Infrastructural Shirvodem STP is released into
flowing into Rivers Development Sal river. Treated effluent from
(directly or indirectly) or Corp of Goa. / Baina STP is released into
lakes. GSPCB Arabian sea. Treated effluent
from Durbhat STP is released
into Zuari river, treated sewage
from Ponda STP discharged in
to Nalla , Sancole – Cortalim
STP in to nalla
Will add these location in
Monitoring of Sal river water existing location
location before and after monitored under Under
discharge of treated sewage NWQMP progress
Adequacy of For proper disposal and Sewerage 6 STPs are operational, 2 STP are Two STP are proposed 2 years
Available treatment of sewage and Infrastructural proposed in the district. Two are under
Infrastructure for control contamination of Development Construction of STP is in progress construction
78
Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on February Time

2020 schedule
Sewage Treatment surface and ground water. Corp of Goa. [Colva with 7.5 MLD and Ponda
and sewage network with 15MLD.
Margao & Vasco Municipal80 % network is completed

Councils have partialin Ponda and Kavelem &
underground sewerage network.House Connections are to 2 years
While Curchorem, Quepem,be done.
Sanguem, Canacona & Cuncolim]In Undir and Curti 60 % and
does not have sewerage90% network is completed,
network. Sewerage scheme for and House Connections are
Navelim-Shirvodem, Ponda and to be done.
Colva is in progress.
In Margao network is
Sewerage scheme for Colva will
completed and House
cover 90% of the population.
Connections are in
Sewerage scheme for Ponda will
progress, Navelim 80% is
cover 100% of the population.
Commissioned while in
Sewerage scheme for balance
Colva 70% of network is
Navelim areas will cover 90% of
completed.
the population
79
7. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan

There are 23 Industrial Estates in Goa, among them 13 industrial estates are in South Goa
district. Around 523 industries are operational industries which are registered under Factories
act 1948 out of these 192 are large scale industries
The prominent industries in South Goa are also Pharma/metallurgical/Mining as per GSPCB, and
around 56.73 MLD of Industrial wastewater generated from the industries of South Goa District.
As per GSPCB no treated or untreated effluent is discharged into Nalas / Rivers. At present there
is no CETP in the district.
There are around 209 ETPs operational in the state of Goa, out of which 7 ETP were found
nonfunctional during the inspection conducted August to November 2019. It is observed that
most of the ETP has common issue of BOD exceeding the limit and COD at few locations.
Noncompliance was found mainly in the industries located in Verna, Salcette and Bethora in
South Gao district. GSPCB, directions have been issued and further compliance is being
monitored.
Goa state pollution control board along with Central pollution control board has prepared
Zoning atlas for entire state of Goa. ‘Zoning Atlas for Siting of Industries is prepared for North
Goa and South Goa District’ based on the environmental considerations.
The Goa Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) is planning to propose Common Effluent
Treatment Plant (CETP) at Cuncolim as a permanent solution for the Industrial Estate. CETP will
collect effluents from all units and treat them safely, thus rendering the Industrial discharge
non-hazardous and safe to be let out into the environment.
80
Table 14: - Industrial wastewater Management Plan

Inventory of To identify the GSPCB /GIDC List of industries are available on Presently GSPCB website has Continuous
industrial defaulters and GIDC website as well on GSPCB data of CTE/CTO issued fromprocess.
wastewater implement rules website as per the Consents2011 to 2016.
Generation (CTE/CTO) issued for Red, Orange Updation of list is under progress
in District and Green industries.
Monitoring and To understand GSPCB Regular site visits are conducted Performance Evaluation of Continuous
compliance of that Industries by officials of GSPCB. industrial units is an on-going activity
Industries in meeting process as-and-when parameters
treating Standards or not GSPCB decided the penalties to be are exceeding prescribed limits.
wastewater imposed under polluter-pay Accordingly, Show cause Notice
principle as per the NGT order for (SCN) / Directions and fines as
the units which are operating per Polluter-Pay-Principle (PPP)
without Consent, if any Violations are being levied
observed during inspection like The Board has issued directions
Discharge / Emission/ Burning of and levied fines under the
Waste/Disposal of solid waste,Polluter-Pay-Principal (PPP) to
noise emissions and on Exceeding about 202 units, out which 119
prescribed limits for Air / Water/ units have responded to the
Noise/ Inefficient working of same while, 53 units have paid
pollution control devices. the fines as-on-date.
Subsequently, the Board has
The Board is also in process of issued ‘re-directions’ to non-
conducting intensive drives complying units with instruction
comprising of awareness to pay the fine within stipulated
programme and enforcement time-frame, failing which
action in respect of closure-proceeding to be
81
implementation of polluter-pay- initiated.

principle in the State of Goa.
CETP is proposed at Cuncolim which DPR has been submitted to GIDC

will collect effluents from all units in year 2018
and treat them safely, thus
rendering the Industrial discharge
non-hazardous and safe to be let
out into the environment.
82
8.0 Mining Activity Management plan
The state of Goa is rich in mineral resources such as iron ore, manganese, bauxite, silica, clays
etc. Most of the mining leases were granted under Portuguese regime as concessions in pre-
liberation days and was converted to mining leases under Abolition Act 1987. Iron ore,
manganese, bauxite are the chief minerals of economic importance found in Goa. The Mining
Industry in Goa provides employment to about 11,000 persons directly and about 10,000
persons indirectly.
The mining belt of Goa covers are mainly in 4 Talukas namely Bicholim, Salcete, Sanguem and
Quepem. Out of this 3 are in South Goa District. The major concern of mining operations is
open-cast mining, which severely affects the land use pattern as well as cause air and noise
pollution.
Minor minerals quarrying is also predominant activity in Goa, they are mainly basalt / laterite
quarries/sand/ boulders/murrum. Approximately 9,20,000 sqmts of minor mineral lease area is
in South district.
At present, all the mining operation in the state of Goa has been stopped as per Hon’ble
Supreme court order dated 7.2.2018 all the 88 mining leases are quashed. Legal opinion is
sought form the law department for some mining leases.
Currently, only transportation of e- auctioned ore and bauxite ore which was extracted in the
past are allowed. Fresh extraction of the iron ore and bauxite ore is stopped. Also, sand permits
in the state of Goa are not renewed.
Even deemed mining leases (ex-mining concessions) which were not renewed towards second
renewal period are verified through legal opinion.
The major concern of mining operations is open-cast mining, which severely affects the land use
pattern. The major environmental impacts of mining operations are degradation of land,
pollution of surface and groundwater resources, pollution of air, deforestation including loss of
flora and fauna, rehabilitation of affected population including tribal and impact on historical
monuments and religious places.
Although the mining activities are stopped in Goa since year 2018. However, the impacts and
control measures needs to be discussed in DEP, considering mining as one of the major industry
of Goa and probability of revoke the ban on mining activity in near future to certain extent.
83
The pollution problems normally associated with the mining activity in Goa are as below:
 Dust pollution - Deterioration of air quality due to working with bare machinery
- Dry screening of ores, drilling
-Movement of machinery/truck
-Even the impact on air quality at Junctions of transportation routes.
-High transport density and traffic congestion due to vehicles transporting
ores.
 Noise pollution – Deployment of heavy machinery/movement of truck-drilling machines.
 Water pollution – Discharge of turbid pit water into a water body, washing of mining silt
from the reject dumps and discharge of mine water into open nallahs.
Pollution Control Measures:

 Dust pollution -Spraying of haulage/mine roads with water, use of dust extractors.
-Road carrying capacity studies shall be carried out in the mining belt area
as well as the junctions wherein heavy movement of trucks carrying ores
will be there.
-Trucks of larger carrying capacity shall be used for transport of ores to
reduce air pollution and traffic congestion.
- Designated routes shall be provided or plan for transport of ores
avoiding environmental sensitive areas.
- Monitoring shall be done that whether the trucks transporting ores are
covered or not. Transport department in coordination with GSPCB shall
monitor the activity.
- GSPCB shall increase the numbers of Ambient air monitoring locations.
 Noise pollution – Regular maintenance of machinery.
 Water pollution – Treating the mine water before discharge, construction of filter
beds/arrestors/garland drains. afforestation of dump slopes, settling ponds.
 As per ISM report the active dumps which are five years old shall allowed to operate and not the
old dumps surrounded by vegetation.
 It is emphasized to plant the trees /species which are tolerant to different air pollutants this will
help for controlling air / dust pollution.
84
Quarries
Quarrying is another activity which are affecting the environment and natural resources. The
extraction of minor minerals, especially laterite stones, is generally done by the weaker sections
of the society. The area is small and generally situated away from the habitations. Also, the
extraction of minor minerals is on small-scale basis.
The pollution problems arising from these quarries and their control measures are given
below:
 Noise pollution is caused during the time of blasting and during the operation of Power Tillers
while cutting laterite stones.
 Dust pollution is caused at the time of blasting and during the operation of Power Tiller and
transportation of minor minerals.
 During the quarrying activity some rejection is produced. Flowing down of this rejection into the
low lying areas during the monsoons causes siltation.
Pollution control measures:

 Noise pollution can be controlled by using mufflers while extracting laterite stones and low
intensity blasting.
 Dust pollution can be reduced by spraying of water/sprinklers wherever possible.
 Siltation can be checked by constructing protective walls and proper arrestors.
85
Table 15: - Mining activity Management Plan

2020
Inventory of Mining to maintain the Directorate of Already maintained by DMG. Maintained -
in District record and status of Mines Geology
mines and mining
lease area
No of Mining Directorate of For minor mineral 93 quarrying No mining / quarrying -
licenses given in Mines Geology leases are granted for extraction of activity in view of
the District minor minerals as on date. Hon’ble Supreme court
88 - Iron ore/Manganese ore mining order dated 7/2/2018
leases renewed after Hon'ble
Supreme Court Judgment in W.P.
(civil)no.435 of 2012 dated
21/04/2014.
However now, all fresh mining in

the State of Goa is stopped in lieu of
Hon’ble Supreme court order dated
7/2/2018.
Area covered Directorate of The area covered by the ex -lease Transportation of e-
under mining Mines Geology holders which were renewed (2nd auctioned ore and
renewal) by the State Government bauxite ore which was
was 6639.146 ha and Bauxite lease extracted in the past are
4/NSD/Baux/68 covers 667.27 ha. allowed.
Area of District - No DGPS survey is carried out as per Not initiated
district.
Sand Mining & Directorate of Presently, no fresh sand permits are No fresh permits or -
86
2020
Area of sand Mines Geology renewed nor granted. However renewals
Mining total of 458 nos. of sand permits
were granted in the year 2015-16
and the same are not renewed. The
permits were given in cluster wise.
Compliance to No mining leases are operational - --
Environmental after the effect of Hon’ble Supreme
Conditions Court Order dated 7/02/2018.
87
9. Air Quality Management Plan.

Industries and mines are the main sources of pollution in South Goa districts. There are 23
Industrial Estates in Goa, among them 13 industrial estates are in South Goa district. Around 523
industries are operational industries which are registered under Factories act 1948 out of these
192 are large scale industries (as per directorate of planning, statistics and evaluation) including
electronics, automobile accessories, pharmaceuticals and agro-chemicals. None of the industrial
estate in Goa are categorized in Critically Polluted Industrial Estate (CPIE) / Cluster. GSPCB along
with CPCB has classified the air polluting industries/ areas in Zoning atlas based on air pollution
generation potential without pollution control equipment in operation.
Generally nonindustrial sources of air pollution are vehicular emissions, forest fires and burning
of waste or burning of stubble during winter. However, in Goa there is no burning of stubble
and burning of waste is very rare. The incidence of forest fires is also very less in Goa, there
were 5 forest fires in last 5 years mostly in South Goa, these were minor fires. Forest
Department has appropriate SOP to control forest fire which includes engaging of fire watchers,
creation of fire lines, fire tracing, removal of dead and decomposed wood as well as leaf litter
along the fire lines and controlled burning in fore prone areas in the month of January to
February every year. State of Goa does not have city categorized under the “Non-Attainment
Cities – NAC.
Goa State Pollution Control Board has been conducting ambient air monitoring at 18 fixed
locations under NAMP. Of these 10 locations are in South Goa District and monitoring values
shows that Vasco is moderately polluted and Ponda is also showing marginal higher values in
month of April . As per GSPCB analysis report on air quality for year 2017-18, air quality in Goa's
towns and cities is deteriorating. Out of all of Goa's major towns, Vasco appears to be the most
polluted. Ponda, Panaji, Mapusa, and Margao follow in quick succession.
One of the reasons being Vasco appearing as most polluted area is two coal-handling units
located at Vasco, breaching the air quality norms. GSPCB has imposed penalties on them for
causing air pollution. Stone-crushing unit, multi-dwelling unit residential complex, two hotels /
commercial establishment and one trawler repairing yard are also penalized by GSPCB for
violating the air quality norms.
The reason being growth of vehicular population, construction activities and tourism are the
major factors for increase in air pollution in urban areas. Vehicles older than 15 years, which
have outlived their service cause maximum air pollution in the towns and along the highways
and roads. Due to development of urban areas as centers of trade, commerce and industries,
growth of vehicular population has been alarming in urban areas of Goa.
88
Although the State of Goa does not have city categorised under the “Non-Attainment Cities –
NAC and Critically Polluted Industrial Estate (CPIE) / Cluster. However, it is proposed to monitor
the Ambient Air-Quality (AAQM) at regular intervals. Goa State Pollution Control Board (GSPCB)
will continue to carry-out AAQM. In addition, site-specific air-quality monitoring is being
conducted by the Board with the help of mobile Online Continuous Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring System (CAAQMS).
89
Table 16: - Air quality Management Plan

Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on Time schedule
February 2020
Air Quality Monitoring For prevailing air quality GSPCB/DM/Dept of 10 manual air monitoring stations On going -
and collection of data and to prepare action environment are there in South Goa under process
plan accordingly for NAMP
pockets having higher
concentration Plan for Automatic monitoring
stations is in progress.
preparation of Inventory of prominent GSPCB/GIDC The results of aforesaid Continuous -
Inventory of Air Air Polluting Sources will monitoring stations are available process
Pollution Sources, be made for better on GSPCB website and even the
monitoring for better observations / reasons are also
city quality. mentioned in remarks.
Monitoring during peak tourist

season will be done at the
locations where major tourist
movement are there.
For industrial the air emission

data is available with GSPCB /
GIDC
Control of Industrial Air Identification of Online air monitoring systems are GSPCB is -
Pollution Industries not meeting GSPCB installed in all polluting industriesmonitoring and
discharge Standards and as per CPCB/MoEFCC guideline. assessed the
take action against that penalty to be
90
Action Areas Objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on Time schedule

February 2020
Air pollution compliant redressal imposed on
system is there with GSPCB defaulters
Monitoring of non- Non-industrial Air GSPCB / Transport Burning of Waste is very rare. GSPCB is -
industrial sources of Pollution sources department – South Goa / monitoring and
pollution Forest department assessed the
To control forest fires – SOP have penalty to be
been prepared by DCF – South Goa. imposed on
defaulters
There are 36 PUC centers in district
to check Vehicle pollution. These
are approved by Transport
Department – South Goa.
91
10 .Noise Pollution Management Plan

Noise can be defined as unwanted or undesired sound and Noise pollution simply means when
there is a lot of noise in the environment which is consequentially harms the environment and
public wellbeing. Like smoking, noise pollution affects active and passive recipients when noise
levels cross certain safe boundaries. Noise pollution affects both human health and behavior.
In Goa Noise pollution is caused due to mining and quarrying at the time of blasting and during
the operation of Power Tillers while cutting laterite stones. However now these sources do not
prevail due to stopping of mining activity.
Noise pollution is there during festive season as well as during tourist season and effective
measures are been taken by authorities.
For noise-level noise-mapping, District authorities with the help of GSPCB and Department of
Environment has identified the locations to be monitored for as categorized under the
provisions of the Noise Rules, 2000 (i) Industrial area (ii) Commercial & Residential and (iii) Silent
zones.
SOUTH GOA NOISE MONITORING STATIONS

Zones as per Noise rules Area identified for noise Frequency of
2000 mapping monitoring
Silence Zone Margao Hospicio hospital For 24 hours
ID Hospital ponda
Damodar high school
Verna IDC
Industrial Zone Dabolim Airport
Commercial zone Vasco bus stand
Residential Zone Residential area in Ponda
The State is in the process of purchasing 07 Noise Monitoring devices/measurement meters to

be delivered to each Taluka Sub-Divisional Magistrate to monitor the enforcement of Noise
Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000. Monitoring will be conducted in the month of
March 2020 and results will be submitted to NGT in compliance with the provisions of the Noise
Rules, 2000 and NGT Order dated 20th November 2019.
92
Table 17: - Noise Pollution Management Plan

Action Areas objective Responsibility Action taken Status as on February 2020 Time schedule
Noise level For establishing GSPCB/ MC/VP Four noise monitoring devices are there for Purchasing of 07 more --
Monitoring the ambient District monitoring noise levels South Goa district. Noise Monitoring devices
noise level Collector /measurement meters are in
(South Goa/ process to be delivered to
Police each Taluka Sub-Divisional
Department) Magistrate.
To maintain GSPCB/ Proper Categorization of areas into industrial, Complied
Compliance of the noise MC/VP commercial residential or silence areas/zones is
standards levels done.
below noise Sign boards are installed in Silent zones even at
standards panchayat levels.
prescribed Loudspeaker or a public address system are not
by CPCB allowed to be used without obtaining written
permission from the authority and not allowed
to be used at night (between 10.00 p.m. to 6.00
a.m.).
Special team for monitoring during festivals

season is formed.
Transport department will take steps for

monitoring/ checking of vehicles to ensure
environmental norms are followed by the
vehicles
Complaints record and redressal system is in
place.
93
Attempts have been made to prepare a District Environmental Plan for South Goa District in line
with the model District Environment Plan of CPCB covering the topics given therein.
District Magistrate South Goa,

Chairman District Level Environment Committee
94

District Environmental Plan South

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District Environmental Plan South

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OA 360 NGT District Environment Plan for South Goa District

DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT PLAN

SOUTH GOA DISTRICT

S.No Particulars Page No

LTL : Low Tide Line

NCSCM : National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management

In the above said order, it is stated that among others

Table 1. District Committee- South Goa

1. Waste Management Plan

 Solid Waste Management

 Plastic Waste Management

 Construction and Debris (C&D) Waste Management

 Biomedical Waste Management

 Hazardous Waste Management

2. Water Quality Management Plan

3. Domestic Sewage Management Plan

4. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan

5. Air Quality Management Plan

6. Mining Activity Management plan

7. Noise Pollution Management Plan

1. BRIEF PROFILE OF SOUTH GOA DISTRICT.

Figure 1. South Goa District Map

1.2. Topography & Physiography

Source : South Goa irrigation plan

Source : South Goa irrigation plan

1.3. Rivers & Water bodies

1.3.2. Water bodies

Dudhsagar. Overlooking a steep, falcate-shaped head of a valley carpeted with pristine

Source : South Goa irrigation plan

1.4 Coastal areas

Table 2. showing area under Forests in South Goa

Figure 7 Showing forest cover in South Goa district.

1.5.1 Types of Forests & Vegetation

Estuarine vegetation consisting of Mangroves along swampy riverbanks: This type of

1.5.2 Reserved and Protected Forests:

1.5.2.1 Wildlife Sanctuary:

1.6 Environmentally Sensitive Areas

Brachystehna Malvaneuse, Rawalfra Seprentina, Nilgiranthus Barbatus, Phyllanthus Talbotu,

Turtle Nesting Grounds:

Occasionally patches of mangroves seen in Tiracol and Galgibag.

In view of above, Department of information technology, Government of Goa under e-

Sand Dunes in Goa:

Table 3 Details of Sand Dunes in South Goa

1.8. Geology & Hydrogeology

The occurrence of ground water and aquifer characteristics of various formations is as

Source – GoI, MoWR- CGWB

1.9. Mineral Deposits & Mining

Figure 9 Mine map of South Goa District

1.10. Industrial Development:

1.11 Major industries

mostly located in Verna industrial area of South Goa district.

1.13. Administrative Setup

4. WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

4.1 Solid Waste Management Plan

Table 4: Waste generation by Talukas of South Goa District

5 Salcette 251804 52.39

4.1.1 Status of solid waste management in South Goa District.

As per honourable NGT order dated 15.07.2019 in O. A. No 710-713/2017, O.A. No.

In accordance to aforementioned order, Goa State government has mandated GWMC to

Door to •100 % for all Municipal Councils and Village panchayats

•Seperate collection in following manner

•Cluster based planning approach

•Cluster level integerated facility (CLIF) consist of TS +TP+

Composting Resource Designated Two