Suppose Math, session 2024

(Preparation for Lecturer Test)

Course: Quick Review

Chapter # 05 Partial Fractions

These notes are the summary of the whole chapter.

1. Expressing a rational function as a sum of partial fractions is called the partial fraction
resolution.

2. An open sentence formed by using the sign of equality = is called an equation.

3. An equation in which two algebraic expressions are equal for particular value/s of the variable
is called equation or conditional equation. For example 2x + 2 = 0 is true if and only if
x = −1.

4. An equation which is true for all values of the variable is called identity . For example
sin2 x + cos2 x = 1 is an identity.

5. An expression
P (x) = an xn + an−1 xn−1 + ... + a1 x + a0
is called a polynomial of degree n, where n is a positive integer and an ̸= 0.
P (x)
6. The quotient of two polynomial Q(x) , where Q(x) ̸= 0, with no common factors, is called a
Rational Fraction.
P (x)
7. A rational fraction Q(x) is called a proper rational fraction if degree of P (x) < degree of
2x−5
Q(x). For example x2 +5
is a proper rational fraction.
P (x)
8. A rational fraction Q(x) is called an improper rational fraction if degree of P (x) ≥ degree
x2 +5
of Q(x). For example 2x−5 is an improper rational fraction.

9. If two polynomials are equal for all values of the variable, then the polynomials have same
degree and the coefficients of like powers of the variable in both the polynomials must be
equal.

10. A quadratic factor is called irreducible if it can’t be written as a product of two linear factors
with real coefficients. For example, x2 + 1 is an irreducible quadratic factor.

Imagination is more important than knowledge. Albert Einstein

Best Of Luck

Notes by: Akhtar Abbas (M.Phil QAU), Lecturer at University of Jhang. 0332-6297570