SUMMARY EXERCISES FOR FOCUS 4

UNIT 1

Present and past habits / Verb patterns

1 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words
in capitals

1 When she was a child, they would take her to the local park every Sunday afternoon.
USED
When she was a child,___________________________________ .
2 Sophie never allowed her children to stay up late during the week. WOULD
Sophie_____________________________________________________
3 Did you enjoy going to school when you were younger? USE
Did you___________________________________________________ ?
4 Thanks to the new computer lab, we can take part in IT competitions for schools.
ENABLES
The new computer lab ________________________________________
5 Jenny has an irritating habit of chewing gum in class. ALWAYS
Jenny______________________________________________________ .
6 Remind me to call the vet. FORGET
Don't let___________________________________________________ .
7 Why can't you make him tell the truth? FORCE
Why can't you____________________________________________ ?
8 'You should start a new hobby, Ms Dodgson,' the doctor said. ADVISED
The doctor________________________________________________

2- Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets

A lazy wolf lived in a jungle. There was a small lake near his house where other animals
1__________(come) to drink fresh water. The wolf 2__________ (always/sit) nearby, hoping
3___________ (get) fresh food easily. This really annoyed the animals but there was no
other pond. One day, the wolf found a dead bull. ‘What good luck!’ he thought. While he
4_________(eat) the bull, he 5________ (realise) that another animal might pass by. The
wolf fancied 6 ________(eat) the bull all by himself and because he refused 7 _______
(share) his meal, he began 8______ (chew) on the meat more quickly.

Because he 9 _______(eat) so fast he didn't notice a small bone. This got stuck deep in his
throat and was really painful. ‘Ooooh, this hurts! What now?’ thought the wolf. Luckily, he
remembered that a crane lived nearby and so he 10__________ (find) the crane and
begged him to remove the bone. ‘1 11__________ (give) you a present if you help me,’ he
promised. The crane was a friendly creature and told the wolf12__________ (open) his jaws
wide. The crane reached into the wolf’s mouth and with its long beak managed
13__________ (pull) the bone free. The wolf was relieved but when the crane asked for his
present he responded: ‘I don't remember 14__________ (promise) anything.’

‘You said that if I removed the bone, you 15__________ (give) me a present,’ said the crane
with obvious disappointment. The wolf, who 16__________ (already/begin) walking away,
stopped 17__________ (say): ‘You put your head into my mouth and are still alive. Is that
not a present?
The crane at that moment decided 18_____ (not help) any other creatures in the future

3- Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. Make any
changes necessary, but do not change the order of the words

1 We_____________________________ (use/have/swim) at least once a day when we

were at the seaside.
2 Lily gave up her job because she
_____________________________(can't/stand/work/office). 3 Can you (remember/pay/fine)
today, please?
4 Why_______________________(you/always/complain/food)? Next time I'd like you to
make dinner.
5 I'm sure Bill_______________________(not/intend/hurt/you) when he talked to you like
that.
6 Do you know if Sue has finished tidying up? I ____________________
(see/she/clean/floor) an hour ago, and I'm not sure if she can talk to me right now.

UNIT 2

Past perfect simple and continuous

1 Complete the sentences with one word in each gap.

1 At last week's party, she met people she_____________ not seen for ages.
2 Paul hadn't________________sleeping for long when he heard a terrible noise.
3 When he finally proposed to Jane, they______________ been going out for three years.
4 We were embarrassed to admit we had_______________ heard that name before.
5 She lost touch with her best friend,________________ made her really sad.
6 That's the dog________________bit the child.
7 My neighbour,________________husband is Dutch, moved to Holland last week

2- Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words
in capitals.

1 We had to wait for over one hour before the bride finally arrived. WAITING
We_____________________ for over one hour when the bride finally arrived.
2 I wasn't invited to the wedding reception by anybody. That's why I didn't go. HAD
I didn't go to the wedding reception because nobody _____________________go
3 I have a sister who is married to a French man. MY
The man_____________________to is French.
4 I found it really annoying that Kate was showering James with praise. ANNOYED
Kate was showering James with praise, _____________________me.
5 Janet won't ever forget the first time she met Simon. NEVER
Janet_____________________Simon for the first time.
6 We were late for the wedding because we stopped and bought some flowers. BUY
We were late for the wedding because________________ some flowers.
7 My parents complain all the time about the way I dress. ALWAYS
My parents _____________________ the way I dress.
UNIT 3

Future forms

1 Match beginnings 1-10 with endings a-j to make sentences

1 She hopes she will have
2 This time next year, they will
3 By 8 p.m. we will have
4 Will you have
5 Should I be worried if most of my friends
6 Every house on that street
7 She said goodbye to each
8 She always says goodbye to all
9 There are a few apples left,
10 There are only few bananas left
a student as they left the room.
b looks quite the same.
c already built her own house by the time
she is fortyfive.
d have girlfriends and I don't?
e of the students as they leave the room.
f finished your work by the deadline?
g have opened the shopping mall.
h been working on our school project for
four hours!
i we'd better go and buy some.
j I don't think we need to buy any today

UNIT 4

Question tags and reply questions

Present and past modal structures

1 Choose the correct option.

1 When the party was over, she realised she didn't need to cook / didn't have to cook /
needn't have cooked so much food as most of it was untouched.
2 No one saw him, did he / did they / didn't they?
3 It's never too late, isn't it / has it / is it?
4 It was his day off yesterday. That's why.he didn't need to get up / shouldn't get up / needn't
have got up early.
5 You needn't have called / had better not call / didn't have to call him after 10 p.m. He'll
have gone to bed.
6 A: My parents never let me go to concerts. B: Don't they / Do they / Did they? What a
shame!
7 There's no homework for tomorrow, is there / has there / isn't there?
8 My sister ought to / had better / had to go to bed early because she had an exam the next
day
2- Match the beginnings 1-7 with the endings a-g

1 I find it very annoying that a hobbies and interests.

2 She can't stand b have said anything to Sally.
3 I liked the lecture, c wearing a school uniform.
4 She will have d won't they?
5 Apart from golf, he has very few e been studying Japanese for three years at
6 Everyone will be asked to say something, the end of 6 August.
7 I think you shouldn't f he's always telling the same joke.
g which I found useful and really
thought-provoking.

3- Choose the correct option.

1 He would / used to love doing all kinds of sports when he was younger. He doesn't seem to
do / doing any exercise now.
2 A: Which pair of jeans did you buy, the black one or the blue one?
B: Both. / All. Luckily, either / neither of them was expensive.
3 There's none of / no excuse for being dishonest, is there / it?
4 We decided to go to the same restaurant that John had been to it / had been to.
5 Mum, will you be using / will you have used your laptop this evening? I have online
homework to do.
6 A: She ate all / the whole cake. B: Didn't / Did she? It was huge!
7 You have hardly ever talked to him, have you / haven't you?
8 She had forgotten buying / to buy the envelope for the letter she had to send.

UNIT 5

Reported speech/ Reporting verbs

1 Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.

1 'My dad travels on business so often that our dog hardly recognises him,' says Greg.
Greg says_________________________________________________ .
2 'I didn't break the glass. Gill did it!' said Michael.
Michael denied____________________________________________ and accused
Gill_________________________________________ .
3 'Why didn't you tell me that you had been fired?' Sam asked Lucy.
Sam asked Lucy why_____________________________________
4 'Are you happy with the final score?' my mother wanted to know.
My mother wanted to know____________________________
5 'You shouldn't say anything to Jane!' Bob suggested.
Bob suggested___________________________________________
6 'You mustn't be late,' my dad warned me.
My dad warned__________________________________________
7 'We're leaving early tomorrow,' he insisted.
He insisted________________________________________________
8 'We might be late for dinner tonight,' they said.
They informed me_______________________________________
9 'Did you go to the interview last week?' Tracy asked Sonia.
Tracy asked Sonia________________________________________
10 'Could I borrow your mobile, Bill?' asked Sue.
Sue asked Bill____________________________________________

2- Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words
in capitals.

1 Martin's parents said they wouldn't pay for his studies. REFUSED
Martin's parents__________________________________________ .
2 His two flatmates didn't blame him for losing the keys. NEITHER
________________________________________ for losing the keys.
3 Sooner or later everybody argues with the boss, isn't that right? THEY
Sooner or later everybody argues with the boss, ___________________?
4 Her contract expires in June. BY
Her contract________________________________________ June.
5 I've seen him several times, but I can't remember his name. NUMBER
I've seen him_________________________________________, but I can't remember his
name.

UNIT 6

Conditional clauses alternatives to if / Mixed conditionals

1 Choose the correct option.

1 If she didn't have / doesn't have / won't have so much to do, she would have gone to the
beach with her friends.
2 He won't come / hadn't come / wouldn't have come by bus if he could drive.
3 We might go / might have gone / would go for a walk yesterday if it hadn't been raining.
4 If I would be / were / am in her shoes, I wouldn't have resigned from this job.
5 Imagine / Unless / Providing you were going to dinner with your favourite actor, how would
you feel?
6 If you had gone to bed earlier, you weren't / would be / wouldn't be so exhausted today.
7 He won't still be / wouldn't still be / weren't still be jobless if he'd answered that ad.
8 If you remembered / you'd have remembered / you'd remembered to bring a map, we
wouldn't be lost now.
9 Unless / If / When Tom fails the test again, he will get his driving licence next month.
10 Should she let me know / Would she have let me know / Had she let me know, I would
have met her at the station

2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words
in capitals.

1 Mark hung around the park all afternoon, so he has to do his homework now. WOULD
If Mark hadn't hung around the park all afternoon,______________________________
2 They'll come with us, but you have to invite them yourself. PROVIDED
They'll come with us_________________________________
3 Stephen is very shy and that's probably why he didn't win the school talent show. MIGHT
If Stephen weren't so shy,_____________________________ the school talent show.
4 Most of my friends were on holiday so it was silly of me to invite them to my party.
NEEDN'T
Most of my friends were on holiday so I ________________________________ to my party.
5 The band is just starting to play and it will take us another half an hour to get to the concert
hall! HAVE
By the time we get to the concert hall, the band___________________________ half an
hour!

UNIT 8

Unreal past and regrets / Emphasis

1 Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
1 My brother wanted success.
What my brother_______________________________________
2 I don't want you to keep annoying her.
I'd rather you___________________________________________
3 We've never seen such careless work.
Never____________________________________________________
4 He never seemed to realise how important the discussion was.
At no time_______________________________________________
5 This must not leak out to the press.
Under no circumstances_______________________________
6 She only wants to know your time of arrival.
All she ___________________________________________
7 I shouldn't have gone on that trip with them.
I wish___________________________________________________
8 Julia is sad because she forgot to invite Richard to her birthday party.
If only Julia______________________________________________
9 It's a pity that camera is so expensive.
I wish__________________

2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the words
in capitals.
1 I advise you to take your cat to a vet. BETTER
You____________________________________________________
2 I'm sure somebody stole my keys. MUST
My keys________________________________________
3 The President is opening the new hospital tomorrow afternoon. OPENED
The new hospital_________________________________________
4 What a shame. There is no coffee left! WISH
I ___________________________________________
5 Get out immediately, or I will call the police. UNLESS
I'll call__________________________________________.
6 People think that Harry did it on purpose. THOUGHT
Harry is_________________________________________________