Welcome to Our Home! hamare ghar mé apka svagat hai! {In this lesson, youl get tour of hous, all in Hind. This ‘ans that yl Become aequated wi creral new and se Tal wocabulary ters for everyday es. Yul also learn tore shout exprening posession in Hind, and youl see how the ‘osipositons that youearnedin Leon | cathe combined with thers t prodice a new meaning. Finally youl be snraduced to the concept of case—an important pari of Hind grammar. Dut fit kets sat with he vocabulary 3A. VOCABULARY WARM-UP wo eur rouse tee t wih living room tA er oH, —sooektams ——_bedboom ‘weal FW m, bused hanes chiens oom aid ee Iitchon Jeeartm gual batroom Resa, ts window 3B. DIALOGUE Kalpana ha invited Prem to show him around her nee hows ‘Youll ac that moder Indian houses ae very sir to those inthe West Thay have big dors end window, and parents ut tly preter o give children separate rams when they ae older ‘wor: serenre dn oh, ext 2 eH area are 1 Kalpana Pom hams mye ghar mi pk ga hlae Prom Be. Prem: caro ae are gn we we aged aed anal arf] yh ld ok hy eae glare Fo ee Ree oon cr eats RN Sean ont JL amir pre BA A ag bal. ab Pct ee ala tase ha sora 8 Pre wad €? make ime kame ha? nakio mir kame, rsh, gush Fn, ar Ke ke an Bs, ab sae aac ok aa hiya a yoo gr teat ster gs " a aro Kh a aa at ey ae ot Co RT BL ae 2) aed) em or ee 2 a qeer oa ole aed aT boars ek Kr kya at gk Reha kn tae ha aw yah Got ar hog eb ha oh wet an eel a ore et &? hase ape kan ae Ku ha? eT ate ag & sore, A wT eT Seer ova cer Bate ae 1 JO. sar yeh bal a sone AB Mi alan 5 3 ar FR, es, er cee ae bin A, bs pp? Kalpand: Kalpana Prom: Prem: Kalpana Kalpana: oil or ss ah 8 eae fo d&g, aA a a aoe A ae ae B1 tacos ho pr bs spp ped prt al ere ar mile Sao ar ag Kf, aT a ay ag | tie a BO ys har Dut sonar al pho nye tharos sh, rn asia Hello, Prem. Welcome 1 our ne house Hellot So, his our mw house. Ts is Inu baer than the old one Ys, our family 4 elso quite Big. The hide now have separate rooms How many rooms do you ave tthe hse? The house has four rooms, a hitchon, a bath, aa 50 on. Resides the rooms, tows a big balcony. This voor the biggest one, othe living oom. as big sono 1 voy Bright here, and airy 00, Every child now has a room. This is our ‘older dager Radha’ room. and the tthe one 8 our younger sons tam The children must be very happy with their rooms. (es, And his sour bedroom. The bed ster i805 the close. Are the markt, school, bus sop, an so on nearby? The children’s schoo i lite fr ut the but top is very close 1's nota big Dproblon, and the market sal no ery fa t j i i A i ausPrem: alpana 3¢, vocasuta en. ‘area m, “usera Pat ye, er er Fn seat ‘aster, 3 Rear 2 fea Rasa ae are arr aa xe a ats ® ® tert & aad & Your new jowse is very beawtifil CComgratutatons on the new house! Thank you Y ssa school vila Schoo, leaming saa school a took pasa book rsa old tweet child ‘waka howse ot tchen sales bathroom kesiay expt 5 for bine window is igh, brihness as ai wind a ‘the seta xs happy lang ed loa ee is nearby short stile es to, more probion ‘congratulations 3D. KEY PHRASES aver eae #2 ete Inka a xeeT=M sag alae ferent spate anf tetera an ayes alt swear deel, suey, of couse neat se @1 auf! Conaudatonsonsournen done prt nae! yf ua "Mar you Based on Arabi) srr aoa Tanne (Bast Sars) a a1 Fe n broom weal a ea, flrs rom ecco a ‘ger 1 Pe adh’ oom bats amet ‘aa #1 ye OH a1 Radha hos arom ‘om Wh RRR tewindosofhe rom Kone i ‘yarn ater aff 81 snore ig pole ‘part a a. BE, CULTURE MOTE + India and of many reliions—Mlali, Sikh Christian, and ‘others but over 80 perv ofthe populations ind, Fins has deep rots in the social sor adherents For example, the howe of nda amy there are slays Crain exential Inthe main entrance ofthe house, there's pletre or a small fliue of Lord Ganesty which f eoranonly reagan exen > toning becca is clephant head, Elsewhere nthe ens there's tome temple, spall space set asd fo the Gas, Tnthu space are paced smal satis of Go and Goddesses, ich Shiva, Vln, Sarasa and Laks and thie sehore ‘uae of worship are cared at on festive occasion: Incense Sick, ell ands conch abel are among the em ound ate Tome tpl, and each one olde special spileanc, Type noynetass eye aw any |g bin hue a uo ng BUENind amis ako have a sre bal plant ale ul, Ts Ss bleed 0 be the incarnation of the Gdn Lali on ert ‘As ftrsinmany cules religion erected inthe smal deta fa Hindu home, and 10 anyone not fain wih Hinduism these dels may be confusing or go unnotced. To Tear owe about Hindus, vt ensikpedin orgs ot Sntansocletyoovhindy gods snd goddess tm. BF. GRAMMAR 1. Cases and Noun Declension ‘A cose laa grammatical tere that simply ean the role 2 now ‘splaying ina semen. For example, “Zot at a cookie” the ‘un “Jos pasing the role af the subject, sin whats ‘alld te nominative case. But John f the lect abject. a¢ {Maryse John” then ln iin ifort ease. ing and English fer on which cae hiss ao well lave it named ee ee eer! thelr cae This ell &declonson, sod picaly fev: ‘eto diferent endings Languages fer alot n which cases thes have how many cases they have and whether or not nouns ‘hange form depending on case. Thnkflly Hind just has hes the nominative vocal, and oblique Hindi, ll nouns are in the nominative case when they have the rleof slject of sentence na dictionary youl bays ace owns inthe nominative eave cate i's constred the base (Gee, Tho vocaie eave fers tot arm of ai yo we to odcess someone as In "Hey, ohn!” or “Wal the check please” Wellcome back te the wocstive case later For now wel fee how nouns change from the nominative case which you ve bcm wring rnce Lesion --t0 the oblique car. It's sally very etsy to naw when you need the oiiqes ens: Whenever 4 noun fs followed by posipositon, I's inthe oblique ase any mi ara etd at atin id cline Cues but some take on diferent endings For example, masculine sa- (Palaces pal te nieve cng WT ead end Arinthe oblique ase! ownarwe ae {BART ans (room) RR ame ‘weaTiana oy) as8 inte agar #1 ‘The bay is he house Tak ear Bal (ominatie) agiea asd @ "This bye for the Bo: ftssatme (cin) Al other masculine noune—those that end in consonants ot ‘her vowels Inthe nominavesinglardo aot eange in the oblique ‘ated (end) Bes dot phar house) WR ghar qeeu(gur) 46 ore weER al The houses beat sacs wet am ey (ay) brothers the house. ‘aco Hh “There are few important exceptlons to this rule. The fist ‘a proper nome aanes of people, paces, and so ono nat ‘hang nthe igus, even if he end nS ‘ae waar @ 21 He's fom Cafeuta stata a wer A sort EY arn a a Were tn Si Lanka ‘Alo note ha Sanskrit aanwords do ot change in oblique ase ‘Again lake sone tine for yout be ble recognize whlch ‘words ae Snir Teanwords aware we gy They're with the king. Ne ake saa ‘ag stat & Pere 21 ‘Ths is forthe loader pha lea eg im reese wy a‘Some relationship terms slo don't change inthe oblique cae: ‘en mar @ eer 1 Radha és with Uncte. da mr eth er arene MEL Grandmether’s with a dad i Grandfather And you'l be happy to know tat al feminine nouns, regardless ‘fending are the sme in the nominative and oblique es sone ume os ged ks fret book) Fad ‘eth ai) Hatha we feo aA S ———_Thisbeokis forte gu Fer 2 bya Kitab baht le * Chem ‘art froe a & is heb sre fe 1 The papers in th bok vcard ret van a 8 hv jhe an a, The aplane tin the aie Sofar we've een looking at singlar nouns, and youve Ieee that ony common masculine moans nding in “thang i {he eblgue Eth plural, hous, ll nos rina on the noun omvgue ‘om kane (rooms) ‘one hans _cterdoa (frends) ‘ara dot ‘rafal iy els) ‘asf ti fra kinbe (books) Pal kia wat wont ‘The ellen aren he ce me a. room. a fognd ahead & These books are for friends. fre 1 yeas dows les ‘gee siefal Baer — The boys ore wih she gis 21 ta ary ke ss sary Preval ‘The papers arin the Books, gaz hab me ha. 2. Declonsion of Adjectives and Possessives Youve alvady learned that there are wo Qe of aces invariable and varable Invarabl adjectives do not eer change ‘oem, but variable edjetvs agree with the nouns that he iy by taking eileen endings Tn the nominate cae, mast Tine singular arable jects end in “a fein soul co in, maselne poral end ine, and feminine poral inthe oblique as nthe sominave, The following ae a few ex mle of variable adjectives with masculine nous in both the ‘mina ad obliga case: Keep i ind ofcourse the noun Ascension har you st Terved et RB HEY a bigcity/ ma bigcty aha tae Shar me ‘ater wt/vi2 wi A shesmall oom from she hegt imi /chge Kate ve stall room Hea E/E THA A — ego school fina good Schaslal/scchenktlme School gen 8gm1/AA ED the sal vy / with he all. Bee Lana ahs/ambe ey Inge kesh Here are» few examples of variable adjectives sc wih fem sine singelar nouns, Remeuter Ut feminine nouns do net ‘change from the nominative tothe abigs, and neither do the Sebectves that ody thet, ig edposrxde2u ud ap | BHABE eau BOR Mg SUOANAh hf EA the big river inthe big a ant at ms per gah Rema /ae Foe aya ivo oma acitheb aces foot aso BA weI/ A Mer she yours ssf the {costae /cheibian gers ie GA ea/a8 BIA cold wind ino cold wind Ahan me ‘Now e's plurals. The adjetve forms are the same inthe ‘nominative athe oblige, bt of coun the endings of nouns themselves change to wd mee/ae EA biecities/in big cities ‘eter aa BRA WG A onal! moms jm mall hfelae/chjclamose wom, a Rots Pod a a W occht ithe acti tb se fori hes We /ORE AY yunger ses | for yoemaer fet arta chon Snes Patol Remember that the posesives have lke variable adjectives, so they decine accordingly nthe elique eae This meas at nly the masculine singel forme change lost “MT -1 o Ae ‘The other poseaives rer the same on wad a A fy Meare other hase, Doom nk hare “an at a A By aha in herrea hap bn 2. Possession with 31 ks ‘You've ake seen that the posioston Tt appears ia gute 2 few possessive pronouns. (See Lesson 2, Grammar Topic 3) ‘Tat same pospoition canbe rd with nts, cuding prop er names, bindeale posesion Bul BTA gece wih th hing possessed and the forms of Tk area you would expet, Tt for x masculine singular possesion, ke for mascaline plu tnd # for fennine, bat single an plural Here are some ‘Stamps with the proper nae Rad ‘at 1 Het asr tH atha's roo bg dh ae a ‘et 3 om 8 81 adha'sooms ae bg. adhe mr aes ‘eat ft Prare ae) 81 Rad's bok is goo th it ct a ‘ga fd aw 8) Rad's ool oe goad adh rate a, ‘Asso might have guessed alread; because "PT isa potpat- tion the nouns belore ernst be ine obliges ease with the ap- propriate endings You woulda noice ay change with Radhs, ichise Radha ia proper noun. Bot ke s lok at hese ex ‘Shples th ea ch el and aA a ie seed at wae GATE #1 The chil’sroom sci Secs kane aa, eit wt wre cara 21 Secs bamahtich cage ame eae 8 ‘ag ams la ‘gall ome carcre 1 ago kama ib The clan's roms ary. The girs oom isi, Tht vcr iy ‘Compound Postpositions Apor om the few simple postpstions tht you ered Les on Ill chr pspontona are compound ean tha they “Shai ef two crsnarewordefor ample fa kee os), Serre ashy, 8 Rear ei cep), WO ee thean, ang a agizor (ow), The part ofthe compound {wetthr@ keor Qi which ae, fc, diferent forms of 1 Ex uhieh as you know 3 sed for posession. Here ae & few ‘Samples Node tha adjctvs and ans sed eth Ie pos fretboard are inthe oblique case tas yd a FUNG 9 HI Ke Mun 0RA bee tn) “eur fe Reus he ie or Rach} he B TEE Moen ein (ith Mohan) a8 Reais te sks (Cicept ihe boy) eee Bank A debe {about Delhi) 2 aretbc sah ie) ® rath sna (except) Webi ws arsed arate arg bizare a Gf) (ater the marked) ates “use 3 if arise (toward) Goward the ety) A aera iL re a aah (ike) {ike the mother) 3G. READING Practice eding the ollowing text. There wil be a fe unfamil lar wards, bu the ransaton wl help you ane ral A ot or 21 eet wr Rane xe @ ete Fuge dager 4 she gw 1raed sel ove foe i reer i rene ow fant ot dow qa ech ate gree 8] ever hay tego wre) aot fh eg te & ake 42 et SPE got Se eel ate eel ay TT a fea'ergy Errore end Sew ag Sam ewe f aie four 9 feel tee Wh PT ued dd eo acy i ala bt alma in Bace hata har bac kp arr Dace he Kane 4d aye hal par ar kare ce {ies kuch al ke kat ek ez hes kes a a ‘lub kee Sa Ds ha har hep ek hari bare bie phil Saran hgh at sonar ha This is Mr: Sharma's house. Me. Sharma has a big fami. “That is wihy his house is also big. In fromt of the house there isa onal! garden. There are los of lowers in the garden. The honse hes five rooms. The Biggest room isthe ving oom. Mx Sharma's livingroom i very big and beaut ‘His bedroom is also quite bg, There # a bed and a closet ‘Me Sharma has thee cildren, and every cil has his nen ‘oom. The children's rooms are not big i in every room ‘heres everything for the Ke thelr rooms there ts a iable teil a cha and there ia shelf for books. Behind the house There tow veranda, The veranda alo has a few feners. Mr ‘Shearman very Beau 3M. CULTURE TOP According to Hind tradition, building = new house Is consid reds great achieveintt in fe, and entering nto the newly ht hose for thers ne ery important event. To sl {uard the new aegis from ei ores, cena religions ce ‘Sonics maybe performed, astous ps tsa of worship) are pertormed fo please the Gad and to ak a their blessings for The hour andi dweller. When tho constuction of he use Fr complted and it sea to be occupied, an auspicious mo- trent chown fr the move ad dhe Vee rts aesording to the mtraogial and astronomical chars ‘The mast important ceremony i entering the house forthe fist fine Thi called [5421 Gea Pres, hich means ener Ing the house > On this dy the ney but house thoroughly ‘deuned sol decorated wth tango leaves and glands, Lod ‘Ganceh it worshiped to esnve al obstacles, andthe Brahman {bein pestering the risa hghtsInense sticks and offers (Girphor sesame, and grain 0 Agi Lard of Bre The du of ‘Az ito cary al th llerings to the Gods At the end of the ‘Etemons the Brahman eters the house, long wth the ower Shi family The ower arses «po of holy wate, which usw Sy water fom the rver Ganges, und sprinkles Whe bol water “round the house ta dive any ev pet Pally he ener Ges foed fo the Brahmas and de other guests, Ifyou Uke {rend abou Vato Shuts, the Hinds slence of archtecrre ‘heck ou en wikipedia orphtkiVasa or wiwstal. com. nouns ex 2 nny |g BRI MRRP DHOOM[LP the blanks with he ree fr of sous a__ ah ged #1 (ee) tba ana Bite Road rt 81 era bute 2 ee ba Tan) ©4987 aN) ne amt ga 4.9mm fi #1 aT alma mesa ‘usa si _ fara 1 rr) pen “Khir nai ha. (makin) ‘ re £m ast omg ata) (ergy ka brat Siva apa) 2 Fk th correct form ofthe adjective or possessive see Hit oor €1 Cre, dt) phar oa a ayy borat ay erafeat 1 oem, a8, ay ahd taka ams, abe, ln) mse sar aren @ 1 cule wIe, we) ‘Sara seta (ts, hte, bd wea oh fet Food est 8, wy ‘ke ah tar br) 8 __ omg 8 ara age #1 cove, at, aro) Pathan og pe) fay argon 1 me fvara a? coer, rere, nit mo Kh hi? Cam, me g__ od eat we 8 81 ee, wud, se) i hc i. ea 3 Replace the underined word withthe wor In rackets, Be ure ‘ormake any other changes tothe wntences hat ave necenary 4. a Mew at eww BY (GO) ake arms da kr ak) barber ah wre ae ea A 8 OnE) Rakes cho han al me ha (a) Bane gory a ore ee OEE Eh 8 CET hums duksn ke ph aa rm) 4 Reveet o arer sand) #1 (et Refer ke ps sina (loki) ch area Ay #1 (eT hl mat pia bara) 4 Translate the following sentences nto Hin ‘4 Welcome to our cy! 1, Small cites are more heausfil than bi ets ‘6 Radha and Mobaa are ia separate schools There's no problem inthe schoo. € —Gangratuations on the new house! thank you forthe book ANSWER KEY sree J: 0 ane. ns eh st Fart Laie © ora kid Ve ane erie 2:48 ane nih et Oe att amet Genoa g vee ale Esershe 9 WU We Cw HE # ter nce i ser aT AB | Rakes ki cho bb skal sito re pao hum a Coase ds ee Ligbaie psa oe fi Sicemag facet, Ge deat Steet cer eneten csc, SRST cate ASS Peers et Siar eab ie ye arya ines wy ou eu jg BID oa > YA PKA MEIERINDEPENDENT CHALLENGE Imagine tha sou ave to furnish your new home. Make a et about ea offen tems that yon wnt ay and hen Lek ‘hem up i a Hn-Engsh dictionary A god online option Iswwwotshabdhost-com. Write down ally new vocabulary, sta hen imagine tat you're ging have to give our of {our ew bome ta an an rend. Write down some pases that youl need to show him or er anand and Yo describe she othe wou se, LESSON wer or ft Ramesh's Day Rames ka din eee oe are aie aA, VOCABULARY WARM-UP ata a xa Which? at a? 1 on tine aa morning welt carly, quickly ie fie thar wea so ah cant ‘aha dopa afiernoon at aps ack ue sane ase DIALOGUE Ramesh sa thirteen year boy the seventh rade, Maya his thnthascormoravis Listeninastheytalk about Ramesk'sDay. sara: oer, qa ata a eye Auge eI? ‘May Rares, um aun se skal me patio?