FINAL EXAMINATION: ASSIGNMENT BASED EXAMINATION

PROGRAMME: BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

MODULE TITLE: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

MODULE CODE: MIS 2013

NO NAME STUDENT ID
1 AHMAD NAJMIE BIN MOHD JAMRI BBAP18011158
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGE

QUESTION 1 3–4

QUESTION 2 4–5

QUESTION 3 5–6

QUESTION 4 7

QUESTION 5 8

REFERENCES 9

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QUESTION 1

IT supports the business operations and decision-making of a business and its strategic
advantage: Help corporations’ processes: - As a customer, you usually interact with information
resources to enable business processes and operations wherever you are shopping in numerous
retail stores. For instance: -Many retail shops today utilize computer-based data solutions to
enable them to register customer acquisitions track of inventory. Pay Used to buy new products
and analyze market trends and stores.

Assist store managers as well as other professionals make good decisions. It also
promotes decision making: -information system. For example, decisions on what categories of
merchandise are normally established after an assessment made by computer-based information
systems, or withdrawn or what kind of investment is required. This not only assists employees,
sellers and others to make decisions, and moreover enables them to search for methods to get an
edge over other businesses in the compete for clients.

Promote competitive advantage: -Gaining a tactical edge against competition calls for
innovation in IT. For example: -Store management may decide to install touchscreen terminals in
all shops, with web pages for e-commerce for internet purchases. This could help attract
customers plus develop customers locations, since consumers' purchasing products offer
businesses with a competitive advantage against their competitors.

Companies could also examine their software for a reasonable strategy than the presently
available bespoke software. The production process is another important process affected by
information technology. Competitive edge may be found for organizations who spend
significantly on manufacturing automation. IT today offers the capacity to utilize computers to
operate machine equipment to produce more quickly and accurately. In the oil sector, IT has
enabled boilers to monitor rock temperature, the orientation of their boxes and many others
(Porter, 2015). Training is yet another procedure that offers a competitive edge. Training in each
company may be substantially different and firms need to determine how many resources to train
staff should be allocated. Businesses should desire their workers not just to use the IT facilities

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allocated to them but also to identify potential solutions they have seen on the market. This also
involves the utilization of the fullest potential of software as well as other technologies.

QUESTION 2
It is a really excellent notion to use e-business and e-commerce apps to obtain a
competitive edge. In doing so, I can assist my company to expand worldwide and improve the
market for our goods and services. But if I utilize it for the first time in my company, then I have
to be attentive and have to undertake appropriate market feasibility research since it may turn
back on fire. Major markets aren't excellent at experimenting with. This takes a big risk. And e-
commerce as well as e-business policies may likewise be efficient, but they may not be the
greatest choice for my company. The usage of such information technology benefits the
marketing of goods that have internet and computer capabilities for targeted consumers and
users. The location and type of the product is extremely essential in order to adopt the finest
information technology to gain the competitive edge.

As a manager, I have some doubts regarding the nature of my offering, the consumer's
inclination and size, and the characteristics of the industry where I use e-commerce and e-
business as a device for competitive advantage. Since I will not be able to take advantage of my
company without looking at these things and improving its competitiveness by using this kind of
information technology. My primary focus would be to analyze all sources and to adopt the best
option to obtain competitive advantage.

IT investment enables a company to secure lucrative and easy new business relationships
for its customers and suppliers as well as other rivals. This connection prevents parties from
leaving the firm for the product of their competitors or opting for commercial arrangements that
are less lucrative. The major issues in this area are to concentrate on excellent customer service
to customers and suppliers in distributing, advertising, sales and support facilities.

For instance, DELL seems to have been able to close with its consumers and suppliers by
preserving unmatched quality and offering many capabilities in their PCs. This is feasible owing
to significant IT expenditures that enable the development of beautiful technology with unique

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characteristics of high quality. The company has also helped to be in the top position with
effective communication networks among its users, suppliers and organizations.

QUESTION 3

Perhaps in the next decade, 3D printers, communication protocols, virtual people, and
other technological advances will dramatically alter our environment. The pace of innovation is
rising exponentially and not linearly, meaning that the next ten years should undergo far more
technical change than the previous decade. Emerging technology is, by essence, unexpected, yet
research & development laboratories across the globe may still look at work and find indications
of what the future will bring.

Advancement of technology could include:

 There will be a rise in the kind and use of smart devices and data equipment for
input and output functions.
 Hardware components will be more efficient in speed and volume processing.
 To most companies, wireless devices will become normal or usual.
 Reduced reliance on keyboard and mouse technologies as companies adopt the
technology.
 Media and capacity storing will increase with associated decreased costs.

As stated, the inputs and output devices that we can only imagine today, are completely
different. We mostly use spoken instructions and motions to control computers and machines are
sufficiently sophisticated to comprehend our emotions and nearly read our thoughts. So there
will be no use for mice as well as keyboards in the next ten years. The output devices are also
completely different from the current ones. The result is practically shown in the environment.
The next age is the time of cloud computing, when everything is in the air and the infrastructure
adapts to the shift. Nothing else would be like cell devices, computers, or otherwise. All human
requirements are met with one hybrid gadget. This performs mobile, laptop, PC and all other

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devices' functionality. The volume of storage devices will grow. Almost all the information from
the globe will fit in one inexpensive item we carry. The greatest aspect of it being, it will be
extremely cheap, so inexpensive that even a youngster could buy it with their pocket money.

QUESTION 4

The kinds and uses of industry professionals may have affected the internet, the intranet and
extranets. Since nearly everybody who has these internet and intranet connections now has a day
of almost all information and data. Clearly, huge quantities of data on everything that is available
for consumers, the outcomes of which are analyzed by smarter and best choices.

Such internet technology has made access to information beyond organizations. There are
also numerous developments in business that affect data resource availability.

 Sophisticated analytical tools that more conveniently express output such as

graphical, textual, etc.
 Free and independent databases such as Mysql
 And in a day of cloud computing wherein data is available on the cloud, quicker
access and cheap support

Successful businesses may use the internet, intranets and extranets to exchange services
and data internally and internationally. Such Internet networking technologies have allowed
individuals and organizations across the world to interact electronically and exchange enormous
volumes of information at cheap rate and increased speed. Internet is an interlinked network of
networks connecting computer and organizational computer networks across the globe.
Development of internet and the usage of technology have changed the experience of telecom
and computing. Those technologies have produced a computer environment that is accessible to
people and various networked computer systems for simple and safe accessibility.

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QUESTION 5

With time, dedication and practice, you may enhance your overall ethical leadership
abilities. Start by defining and then building a strategy to enhance your ethical leadership.
Implementing these stages, our leadership effectiveness skills will benefit:

i. Identify possible circumstances of 'trigger'

Identify circumstances like recruitment, dismissal, acquisition or promotion that tend to draw
moral issues in or outside your business. A recognition of the presence of ethical problems may
assist you to be more aware of the danger and to consider deeply about how you can comply with
ethics.

ii. When they occur, they are confronted with specific problems.

Identifying possible problems is one thing, but it may be more difficult to deal with them
until they occur. Some measures may be taken to address such quandaries. Prepare ahead of time
and see how you can react to hypothetical situations so that you may think early on about the
ethics of these cases. In an emergency, you may have less choice to determine, so that this kind
of proof may be useful.

Evaluation of the proof: Take time to thoroughly evaluate all the facts you get about a
problem, wherever feasible. Assess whether someone has done any unethical conduct before you
respond.

Seek help: Obtain advice It is frequently beneficial to speak with a friend, supervisor or even a
spiritual counsellor about an ethical issue. A logical assessment of advice may help you make
crucial ethical choices.

iii. Show bravery

Often, you'll have to make a choice that lets you ask if you did the correct thing afterwards.
Even if you understand that you made the correct option, an ethical decision may make you or

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your team disagreeable. For instance, if you discover about your company's irregular accounting
and notify an auditor, it may result in someone being dismissed. Even if you know that your
choice was right, it can be difficult to watch someone leave their jobs.

Nevertheless, this kind of scenario may assist you to trust your gut, to relieve your fear and to
rationally instead of emotionally evaluating each issue.

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REFERENCES
Agrawal, A. (n.d.). How technology will affect hardware companies this year.
Entrepreneur. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/288323

How information gives you competitive advantage. (2019, July 1). Harvard Business
Review. https://hbr.org/2019/07/how-information-gives-you-competitive-advantage

Organizational factors in the individual ethical behavior. The notion of the “Organizational
moral structure”. (n.d.). Humanistic Management
Journal. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41463-020-00080-z