BUSINESS ENGLISH PAPER

OF
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT

DISUSUN OLEH KELOMPOK 1:

1. SALSA OLIVIA 2311021004

2. DHEA KHANSA A. 2311021018
3. REVALINA AURELLYA 2311021025
4. NABILA SAGITA 2311021080

5. AZ’ZAHRA IDHA PUTRI R. 2351021011

DOSEN PENGAMPU: NINDYA EKA SOBITA, S.E M.E

UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS
EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN /2023
 FOREWORD

Praise and thanks be to the Allah SWT for all his blessings, allowing us to complete the paper entitled
“What is Management”. For the material support in preparing this paper, the author would like to express
gratitude to the lecturer in the field of English Business Language education studies. We hope that this
paper can add knowledge and experience for the readers. We are aware that there are still many
shortcomings in the preparation of this paper, therefore we apologize if there are many deficiencies in
this paper. To all available readers, we appreciate constructive criticism and suggestions for the
improvement of this paper. We open our arms wide for such appreciation with openness and
gratitude.

Bandar Lampung, 20 September 2023

Authors

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 DAFTAR ISI

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................... i

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................... ii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................4

1. Background ...............................................................................................4

CHAPTER 2 DISCUSSION .......................................................................................5

What is Management ............................................................................................ 5

Management Functions ................................................................................. 5
a. Planning ......................................................................................................... 5
b. Organizing ...................................................................................................... 5
c. Leading........................................................................................................... 6
d. Controlling ..................................................................................................... 6

What makes a good manager ........................................................................ 6

1) Communication Skills ......................................................................... 6
2) Work Ethic .......................................................................................... 7
3) Goal -oriented..................................................................................... 7
4) Industry Knowledge ..................................................................................... 8
5) Positive and Inspirational ............................................................................. 8
6) Honest and Transparent .............................................................................. 8
7) Empathetic and Sincere ............................................................................... 8
8) Listening Skills .............................................................................................. 9

Example of a good manager .......................................................................... 9

CHAPTER 3 CLOSED

Conclusion ..............................................................................................10
Suggestion ..............................................................................................10

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
1. Background

The term management is related to the effort to achieve specific goals by using available
resources in the organization in the best possible way. Every organization always needs
management because without effective management, there will be no sustained successful
efforts. The achievement of organizational goals, whether economic, social, or political, largely
depends on the ability of managers in the respective organization. Management will provide
effectiveness in human endeavors.

Management extends to broader aspects and is applied to more specific matters, such as within a
community. The application of management in a community essentially aims to organize all the
needs of a community in carrying out all the planning and targets that the community will achieve.
Management in a community can streamline work and make activities more directed. Communities
use management as a medium to organize an activity with the goal of making the activity more
effective and efficient, thus enabling the goals of a community to be achieved.

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 CHAPTER 2

DISCUSSION

What is Management?

Management is the coordination and administration of tasks to achieve a goal. Such

administration activities include setting the organization’s strategy and coordinating the efforts of
staff to accomplish these objectives through the application of available resources. Management
can also refer to the seniority structure of staff members within an organization.

Management is a process involving planning, organizing, directing, and controlling organizational

resources to achieve specific goals effectively and efficiently. It involves managing human,
financial, physical, and informational resources with the aim of creating value for the organization.
There are various theories and approaches in management that have evolved over time,
encompassing various frameworks used by managers to make sound decisions and better manage
organizational operations.

We have known that coordinating and supervising the work of others are aspects that distinguish
managerial positions from non-managerial positions. Management entails the responsibility to
ensure that tasks are completed efficiently and effectively by those responsible for them or, ideally,
by a manager.

Management Functions
Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, first proposed five functions performed by managers in the 20th
century. These five functions are planning, organizing, leading, staffing, and controlling. In modern
times, these functions have been condensed into four functions, namely:

a. Planning
The management function described in the text is planning. Planning involves defining goals,
setting strategies, and developing work plans to manage activities. In carrying out the planning
function, a manager defines goals, sets strategies to achieve those goals, and develops work
plans to coordinate various activities towards those goals. In other words, managerial planning
determines the organization's position in the future and how to achieve it. An example of
effective planning is illustrated by New Line Cinema, which holds regular meetings every three
weeks to discuss projects and strategies for collaboration among its divisions to achieve
success.

b. Organizing
Management is typically carried out after planning and reflects how an organization seeks to

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 implement its plans. It involves determining tasks, grouping tasks, delegating authority, and
allocating resources throughout the organization. When a manager engages in management,
they will determine what tasks need to be completed, who will perform them, how the tasks are
grouped, who should report to whom, and where decisions need to be made. For example, at
Avon Company, when sales declined and production costs soared, CEO Andrea Jung recently
streamlined management layers and reorganized the company into a structure capable of
handling various decisions and functions globally to achieve higher efficiency levels.

c. Leading
This means using influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals. Leadership
involves creating shared values and culture, communicating goals to employees across the
organization, and instilling enthusiasm to demonstrate the highest performance to employees.
Leadership encompasses the process of motivating entire departments and divisions, as well as
individuals working directly with managers. In an era filled with uncertainty, global
competition, and increasing workforce diversity, the ability to shape culture and motivate
employees is crucial for business success. When a manager motivates their subordinates, helps
resolve conflicts among them, directs individuals or groups of individuals in their work, chooses
the most effective communication methods, or addresses various other issues related to
employee behavior, they are performing leadership functions.

d. Controlling
After goals and action plans have been outlined (planning), tasks and structural arrangements
have been established (organizing), and the necessary people have been hired, trained, and
motivated (leading), some form of evaluation must be conducted to assess how everything is
progressing according to plan. If these goals have not been achieved, it becomes the manager's
task to get them back on track. This process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is referred
to as the controlling function. Control means monitoring employee activities, determining
whether the organization is on track with its goals, and making corrections if necessary.
Managers must ensure that their organization is moving towards its objectives. Various trends
in employee empowerment and trust have prompted many companies to prioritize employee
training to monitor and correct themselves rather than top-down control.

What makes a good manager?

Good managers have developed a specific set of skills that help them lead their teams to
success. The following skills are important if you want to be a successful manager:
1. Communication skills
Communication skills are abilities you use when giving and receiving different kinds of
information. While these skills may be a regular part of your day-to-day work life,
communicating in a clear, effective and efficient way is an extremely critical and useful
skill. Learning from great communicators around you and actively practicing ways to
improve your communications over time can certainly support your efforts to achieve
various personal and professional goals. Communication skills involve listening, speaking,
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 observing and empathizing. It's also helpful to understand the differences in how to
communicate through face-to-face interactions, phone conversations and digital
communications, like email and social media. It’s important to be able to convey your
points clearly and concisely so each team member knows exactly what is expected of
them. It’s just as important to be able to listen to constructive feedback and concerns
and to mediate misunderstandings. Good managers choose their words carefully to
avoid confusion or misunderstanding.

2. Work Ethic
Work ethic is a combination of several moral principles based on the idea that hard work
is fundamentally valuable and worth pursuing. If you have a strong work ethic, you likely
possess other traits such as dependability, respectfulness, productivity and
collaboration, among others. For example, if you find work important and worthy of
your best efforts, you will do things like show up for work on time and complete tasks by
their due date. There are many ways you can demonstrate a strong work ethic, but
mostly this is done by paying attention to small things throughout the day like being
punctual or communicating well. Having and demonstrating a strong work ethic is
important because it can help you quickly achieve career goals. When you possess these
skills, you will likely perform quality work, have strong relationships with colleagues and
work towards achieving important tasks that add value to your organization.
One thing all good managers have in common is a healthy work ethic that places value
on working hard and performing at your best. Working to your full potential sets a good
example for employees to follow and encourages them to adopt positive work habits.
Managers who demonstrate a strong work ethic inspire their teams to perform at their
full potential.

3. Goal-oriented
Good managers can set achievable goals and create strategies to meet those goals.
Setting SMART goals is one approach that uses objectives that are specific, measurable,
actionable, relevant and time-based, so they can easily translate into effective strategies.
Dividing goals into smaller steps can make long-term projects easier to accomplish and
help your team remain motivated throughout a project.
Empathy is the ability to consider and understand the perspective of someone else.
When you exhibit empathy, you imagine what it would be like to experience their
situation. This could include experiencing feelings you might have in another person's
situation. For example, if your coworker recently experiences a loss, you may imagine
what that would feel like and respond in a way that's sensitive to what they may be
experiencing. Empathy is more than a character trait, it's a teachable skill. While it's true
that some people are naturally empathetic, it's also possible to become more
empathetic through practice. Empathy relates closely to emotional intelligence. The
more you understand another person's emotions, the better you can respond to them.

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4. Industry Knowledge
Managers should be able to demonstrate an in-depth understanding of their company
and its place in the industry. Managers who remain active in networking channels and
continue to hone their skills through education and workshops set a good example for
employees to stay active and knowledgeable throughout their careers.

5. Positive and Inspirational

Positivity is a valuable trait to employers because it can be used to help motivate teams
and contribute to better company culture. You can improve your positivity by aiming to
provide value to your coworkers, reach for higher goals and remain organized during
every task. When you cultivate optimism, you can position yourself as a strong leader
and a valuable team member. In this article, we discuss how to be positive at work so
you can add more benefit to your workplace. Good managers strive to be strong leaders
who encourage teamwork. To empower your team to succeed, make sure each member
feels valued. Ask for input and engage your team in the entire process for each project.
Strong leaders also provide positive feedback that helps employees understand what
they did well while also identifying opportunities for improvement.

6. Honest and Transparent

Transparency helps you communicate with others in the workplace about your role and
responsibilities. This trait is especially important because you create work relationships
built on trust and demonstrate your willingness to be open with others. Good managers
display a sense of honesty and integrity that allows employees to trust their judgment. A
team needs to have open transparency and it starts with a manager who is honest and
trustworthy. Employees will feel more comfortable discussing concerns with a manager
who will listen and give honest feedback.

7. Empathetic and sincere

Empathy is an important skill for your personal and professional life. When you're
empathetic toward business colleagues, you may find it's easier to communicate and
resolve issues. If you're interested in improving your relationships and professional
reputation, learning about empathy is a great way to do so. The best managers are
committed to producing results but also understand the unique challenges and needs of
their team members. This kind of understanding takes place inside and outside of the
office. Making sure that employees feel recognized for their work is just as important as
allowing flexible schedules to accommodate family obligations. A manager who not only
recognizes but also, promotes a healthy work-life balance for their team will inspire
greater loyalty and ultimately higher productivity.

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 8. Listening Skills
Active listening is the ability to focus completely on a speaker, understand their message,
comprehend the information and respond thoughtfully. Unlike passive listening, which is the
act of hearing a speaker without retaining their message, this highly valued interpersonal
communication skill ensures you’re able to engage and later recall specific details without
needing information repeated. Active listeners use verbal and non-verbal techniques to show
and keep their attention on the speaker. This not only supports your ability to focus, but also
helps ensure the speaker can see that you are focused and engaged. Instead of thinking
about and mentally rehearsing what you might say when the speaker is done, an active
listener carefully considers the speaker’s words and commits the information to memory.
Active listening skills allow good managers to focus completely on a speaker, understand
their message, comprehend the information and respond thoughtfully. Unlike passive
listening, which is the act of hearing a speaker without retaining their message, this highly
valued interpersonal communication skill ensures you’re able to engage and later recall
specific details without needing information repeated.

Example Of A Good Manager

Dahlan Iskan, the best Director of the State Electricity Company (PLN) of all time. if we look at his
achievements during his two years in office. Dahlan began serving as President Director of PLN in
December 2009. At that time, the condition of the second largest company in Indonesia could be said
to be a swimmer's tick. Frequent power outages, as well as cases of corruption at all levels, have
become a concern for most of the public. In the past, before Dahlan became number one, customers
were often tricked, given trouble, and even asked for money when installing or repairing connections.
Now that doesn't happen anymore. PLN can now be said to be quite responsive. The officers in the field
refused to be paid, even just to accept snacks.
Dahlan's success in improving service begins with his attention to employees. He also embraced trade
unions and invited them to dialogue. One of Dahlan's breakthroughs that has helped many small
communities is the use of pre-paid electricity. By using tokens, people can control the amount of use.
To make it easier for customers to make payments, he has also embraced large banks and minimarket
chains throughout Indonesia.

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 CHAPTER 3
CLOSED

Conclusion
Management is a complex and evolving process involving planning, organizing, directing, and
controlling human, financial, physical, and informational resources to effectively and
efficiently achieve organizational goals. This definition highlights the importance of
management in creating value, managing change, motivating teams, and directing resources
towards established objectives. Furthermore, management is not limited to the business
context but applies across various domains such as government, nonprofit organizations, and
even daily life. This conclusion also asserts that management is a multidimensional discipline
requiring a deep understanding of various aspects including interpersonal skills, data analysis,
leadership, and strategy. Therefore, management is a key factor in the success and
sustainability of organizations in this ever-changing and competitive era.

Suggestion
In this paper, we, as the authors, suggest delving into the definition of what management
entails. Case studies and experiences can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of
management theories. Our recommendation to understand the definition of management
better suggests exploring real-world case studies and drawing from experiences. These
approaches can offer valuable insights into the practical application and effectiveness of
management theories in diverse contexts. By incorporating such elements, the understanding
of management can become more nuanced and applicable, enriching both theoretical
comprehension and practical implementat

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