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Assi
Assi
Team F4
https://youtu.be/JZLaA0BdXKc?si=Vs0TKMykoYZ_653q
Introduction
Genetic disease is the fundamental cause of many long term illness which
scientists and doctor were struggling to understand and cure them.
With advanced knowledge in Genetics, many genetic disorder are still unavoidable
nor curable. The only advice for the parents-to-be are to avoid having a baby.
CRISPR is their way out!
Delivery
viral vectors or non-viral
methods
(e.g: lipid nanoparticles).
(Uddin et al., 2020)
(Uddin et al., 2020)
Delivery of CRISPR Therapy
recognizes anitigen to
mediate immune response
(Li et al., 2020)
Application
Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors (AAV)
Electroporation NY-ESO-1 antigen:
pros: - high efficiency of delivery →opening transient pores in the membrane
cons: - risk of immunotoxicity & insertional of cells via high-voltage electrical currents, frequently found on the
oncogenesis allowing CRISPR cargo to gain entry
● small in capacity limiting size of cargo cons: surface of relapsed tumors
● ↑incidence of OTEs - electric current can be toxic
- can lead to permanent permeabilization → serve as therapeutic target
Limitation of CRISPR gene therapy
❖ Off-target effects (OTEs)
➢ endanger the patient's health.
■ lack of complete specificity, genetic variability
❖ Immune responses
➢ Misinterpreted as foreign →trigger immune response,
■ neutralise the therapy / result in unfavourable effects.
❖ Complex genetic disorders
(Uddin et al., 2020)
■ ✔potential in the treatment of single-gene illnesses
■ more complicated genetic disorders present difficulties.
■ Numerous genes and intricate interactions are involved in a number of disease.
❖ Limited targetable genes
➢ difficult to target many genes
■ functions are still often unclear
■ several genes may have multiple functions in various tissues / developmental stages
■ necessitating careful thought before choosing a therapeutic target.
Conclusion
● Precision of CRISPR
○ gRNA design and Cas9 protein: target a specific region
○ HDR : replace or introduce specific DNA sequence at target site