LOAD CONTROL SYSTEM USING DTMF

COURSE PROJECT REPORT

4th SEMESTER

submitted by
JOHN JOSE
Reg. No: LMAC20EE123

JOSEPH K ABRAHAM
Reg. No: MAC20EE054

KANISHKA K ANAND
Reg. No: MAC20EE055

KAVYA SURESH
Reg. No: MAC20EE056

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB (EEL204)

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Mar Athanasius College of Engineering

Kothamangalam
July 2022
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 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING, MAR ATHANASIUS COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, KOTHAMANGALAM

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report entitled LOAD CONTROL SYSTEM USING DTMF
submitted by Mr. JOHN JOSE (Reg. No. LMAC20EE123) to the APJ Abdul Kalam
Technological University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree
of Bachelor of Technology in Electrical and Electronics Engineering is a bona fide record of
the Course project carried out by him under our guidance and supervision. This report in any
form has not been submitted to any other University or Institute for any purpose.

Prof. SERA MATHEW

Assistant Professor
Course Project Coordinator

Internal Examiner(s) External Examiner(s)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a great pleasure to acknowledge all those who have assisted and supported us for
successfully completing our project.

First of all, we thank God Almighty for his blessings as it is only through his grace that we
were able to complete our project successfully.

We take this opportunity to extend our sincere thanks to our faculty advisor, Prof. Leela
Salim, Associate Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering for her
constant support and immense contribution for the success of our course project.

We also extend our sincere thanks to our course project coordinator,

Prof Sera Mathew,Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering and
all other members of the Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering for sharing their
valuable comments about our course project.

We are also grateful to Prof.Beena M Varghese, Head of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Department for her valuable guidance as well as timely advice, which helped us a lot in the
preparation of our course project.

We are deeply indebted to Dr.Bos Mathew, Principal, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering,
for his encouragement and support.

We wholeheartedly thank all our classmates for their valuable suggestions and the spirit of
healthy competition that existed among us.

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 ABSTRACT

With the growth of modern wireless technology and the advancement in the field of
automation, a cost-effective home automation system to operate remotely located electrical
appliances has been designed. Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) technology has been
identified to develop an automation system that can depict the picture of automation. The
technology is identified to help elderly or physically challenged individuals to control the home
appliances remotely. Thus, the DTMF automation technology has been implemented in a
system. The study also focuses on saving energy by remotely switching the appliances on the
state or off state as required. Based on the signal or the touch tones, the appliances are
controlled

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 CONTENTS

Chapters
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 6

CHAPTER 2. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 7-9

2.1 Components required

2.2 Block diagram

2.3 Circuit diagram

CHAPTER 3. WORKING OPERATION AND HARDWARE 10-12

3.1 Working operation

3.2 Hardware representation

CHAPTER 4. APPLICATIONS AND ADVANTAGES OF DTMF 13

CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION 14

REFERENCES 15

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 CHAPTER 1.

INTRODUCTION

In the generation of information and technology, home automation systems controlled by cell
phones have been rapidly developing in every nooks and corner of the world. Intending to help
the physically challenged people, old ones, and save energy, DTMF-based home automation
has been designed which is based on the principle of the decoding of the touch-tone or the
DTMF tone.

Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) is a telecommunication signalling system using the

voice-frequency band over telephone equipment and other switching centres. DTMF was first
developed by Bell System in the United States and was known by the names Touch-tones.

When a button is pressed in your mobile keypad, it will generate a tone of two frequencies.
These tones are called row and column frequencies. Generally, row frequencies are low
frequencies and column frequencies are high frequencies. These frequencies for DTMF are
chosen in such a way that they don’t have harmonic relation with the others, so that they will
not produce same tones. The column frequencies are slightly louder than the row frequencies
to compensate for the high-frequency roll off of voice audio system. The application of this
project is to switch on and off home appliances by a cell phone using this technology.

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 CHAPTER 2.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

2.1 COMPONENTS REQUIRED

1. MT8870 DTMF Decoder module -1

2. ULN2003 -1

3. Relay 5 volt -3
4. Bulb with holder -3
5. Connecting wires
6. Bread board -2
7. Aux cable -1
8. 7805 regulator/5v adaptor -1

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2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.2.21

The block diagram consists of mobile which is connected to the DTMF decoder module

through a aux cable and from the output of DTMF module to the relay driver IC and from its

output it is connected to the relays to control the loads

2.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig.2.31

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Circuit diagram for DTMF controlled home automation project is shown above. In this circuit

we have used a DTMF decoder namely MT8870 IC which converts dial pad tone into the four-

bit digital output. Load 1, Load 2 and Load 3 are connected to Q1, Q2 and Q3 of DTMF decoder

IC through a relay driver namely ULN2003. 5 volt SPDT 3 relays are used for controlling the

loads and any load can be connected.

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 CHAPTER 3.

WORKING OPERATION AND HARDWARE

3.1WORKING OPERATION

DTMF controlled home appliances project works over mobile DTMF technology that exists in
Dial tone. DTMF stands for Dual Tone Multiple Frequency. There are some frequencies that
we used to create DTMF tone. In simple words by adding or mixing two or more frequencies
generates DTMF tone: (These frequencies are given below:

Fig.3.11

In Given figure we can see two groups of different frequencies. When one upper and one lower
frequencies mixed then a tone is created that tone we calls Dual Tone Multiple Frequency. In
this project we control ac appliances by pressing dial pad keys like 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and more. Here
we have connected a cell phone using aux wire to the DTMF decoder circuit.
The below shown table is the binary output corresponding to each key in the keypad

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 Fig3.12

In circuit diagram at Q1 Load 1 is connected, at Q2load 2 is connected and at Q3 load 3 is

connected through relay driver IC. We have left Q4. Now when we press key 1 at the dial pad
of mobile phone DTMF decodes this tone and generates a digital output given in table. Now
according to given output in table Q1 is HIGH and Q1 is connected with Load 1 so it turned
ON. If we want turned OFF the Load 1, we need to press key number 8. Because in the output
of key8, Q1, Q2 and Q3 LOW and Q4 are HIGH and we have not used Q4. So it doesn’t matter
that Q4 is HIGH or LOW. But our operation has been performed because Q1 is LOW in key
8’s output and rest of appliances not affected. Now is we want to turned on load 2 so we need
to press key2 because by pressing key2 only Q2 is activated and rest of output are remaining
same. Now if we want to OFF the load 2 then we need to press key8 again like before for as
Load 1. Now if we want to switch on load 3 so we need to press key3 and for tuning it OFF we
need to press 8 like before. Now suppose we want to turned ON all of the appliances so we
need to press key7 and for turning OFF all, press key8.
So we can control each of the appliances according to table output.

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3.2 HARDWARE REPRESENTATION

Fig. 3.21 image of the designed system

The above figure shows the image of hardware. In circuit diagram at Q1 Load 1 is connected,
at Q2load 2 is connected and at Q3 load 3 is connected through relay driver IC. The DTMF
module is powered by a 5v supply. The DTMF module is connected to phone through a aux
cable. The out from the DTMF is connected to the relay driver IC(ULN 2003).The relays are
connected to the output of the driver IC.The AC loads are connected to the relay. By pressing
the keys in dial pad the loads are controlled.

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 CHAPTER 4.

APPLICATIONS AND ADVANTAGES OF DTMF

APPLICATIONS

• This system can be used in industrial applications.

• This system can be employed in houses, where people often forget to switch off
electrical appliances

• This system can be used to control AC’s to set the room temperature when we are
outside.

• We can extend this circuit to control many electrical devices with some modifications
using 4 x16 decoder IC.

ADVANTAGES
• Design is efficient and low cost.
• Power consumption is low.
• Saves electricity (when we forget to switch off and go out).
• We can control appliances from any place round the globe.
• No coding is required.

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 CHAPTER 5.

CONCLUSION

Thus DTMF based home automation is designed and implemented successfully. The DTMF
technology to control the home appliances without micro controller is used in this system so
that it can be controlled anywhere around the world. When the user at the transmitter calls to
the mobile phone at the receiver and presses the key on the keypad so that he can control the
device accordingly from anywhere with the low-cost technology. Thus, a system is
implemented to control the devices by DTMF technology based on the input given from the
mobile phone. Thus, a system is implemented to control the appliances successfully.
The DTMF based automation overcomes the drawbacks of cost inefficiency, and unreliability
in the places with internet unavailability. The integration of the relay in the system makes it
feasible for integration with high AC voltage. DTMF has been identified as a cheap, reliable
and efficient method for establishing a home automation system.

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 REFERENCES

[1] https://circuitdigest.com/

[2] https://nevonprojects.com/digitally-controlled-home-automation-project/

[3] https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACC.2010.5486833

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