CE-2

UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES IN MANAGEMENT

Name: Ankita Mahato

Roll No: 1-20-018

Case study 1
A manufacturing company provides jobs for many people in a small town where employment is
not easy to find. The company has stayed in the town even though it could find cheaper workers
elsewhere, because workers are loyal to the company due to the jobs it provides. Over the years,
the company has developed a reputation in the town for taking care of its employees and being a
responsible corporate citizen. The manufacturing process used by the company produces a by-
product that for years has flown into the town river. The by-product has been considered
harmless but some people who live near the river have reported illnesses. The by-product does
not currently violate any anti-pollution laws. What are the issues of integrity, ethics and law
posed in the case study? What options does the company have, and what should it do and why?

Ans : As the company has not committed any illegal actions nor they have violated any law, this
matter is not bided by law. Though the company is providing jobs in small towns where it is
difficult to find a job where the worker's loyalty is solely due to the lack of employment, which
resulted in the company's good reputation and has become a concern about their integrity. The
company has no right to pollute the environment and river of the town, even the company has not
done any illegal activity nor violated any law because the by-product produced was freely
released into the river as it was considered harmless, their production has harmed the town's
residents' health mainly, those who live near the river. According to the environmental law, it is a
punishable offense to pour the polluted by-product into the river, as few people living near the
river have reported illness this situation can go worse for both humans and aquatic animals
which will also lead to polluting ecosystem as well. Keeping all this is mind the company should
first inform all the people living near the river about the by-product they pour in the river is
harmless and then they should relocate the people near the river. After that, they should find
another route to dispose of their by-product.

Case Study 2-

A woman died recently, after a short, unhappy life. She wanted her ashes to be scattered in
the ocean near a place she lived during one of the brief happy times of her adult life. Her
parents and immediate family had already passed away, so she discussed her wishes with
her mother-in-law, who said she would comply with her daughter-in-law's wishes. In her
will, the woman gave control of her estate to the mother-in-law. The will stated that the
woman's ashes should be scattered in the ocean, as described above. Instead, her mother-
in-law buried the ashes in a family plot near her home, because she wanted to keep the
ashes close to her because of her own grief.

Assume that the mother-in-law is legally required to follow the wishes stated in the will,
but that no one will check and it is very unlikely that the mother-in-law will have any
problem with the law. What are the issues of integrity, ethics and law posed in the case
study? What options does the mother-in-law have, and what should she do and why?

Ans. In this study, we see that the mother-in-law's behavior is not that of her deceased daughter-
in-law. This case indicates that the mother-in-law's character is lacking. That his late daughter-
in-law wanted him to scatter the ashes in the sea, When he has fond memories of his life that is
why he has faith in his mother-in-law that he will fulfill his last wish but mother-in-law. he did
not perform the ritual that the bride wanted as his last wish but the mother-in-law did not have
the morals or feelings to fulfill her last wish for her daughter-in-law. And to carry out these
actions shows that in this case, the mother-in-law is doing something that is not in line with the
behavior of the deceased bride.

Integrity based on trust and emotion is at stake. If the promise is not fulfilled, it is a breach of
trust between the mother-in-law and the daughter-in-law.

The will of the deceased must be fulfilled even if he or she is sympathetic to the person, or he or
she will be sued in court for failure to comply with the will.
Here are the ways in which the mother-in-law is present: Fill the ashes with the family plot: In
this way, she would feel that her daughter-in-law was close to her but in so doing, violated her
law and morals.

Scatter the ashes in the sea: If the mother-in-law makes this choice, the legal and moral value
will remain, but will she feel away from her beloved daughter-in-law?

Keep part of her ashes to her and spread some on the sea: In this way, she keeps part of her
daughter-in-law to her and completes her part of the contract. He is no longer legally bound or
morally bound.

Case study 3

An undergraduate course required for graduation has a reputation for being extremely hard to
pass, much harder than similar courses. When posting materials to the class website, the teacher
accidentally posts a test with answers indicated at the end. The teacher notices the error
immediately and deletes the test, but before she does so a student downloads the test. The
website does not allow the teacher to see whether the test was downloaded and because she
deleted the test with the answers so quickly, the teacher later uploaded the same test without the
answers and required students to take the test. The Student Code of Ethics prohibits students
from taking a test when there is a reason for them to believe they have confidential information
regarding the answers to a test they are not supposed to have. Violations of the Student Code of
Ethics are punishable. What are the issues of integrity, ethics, and law posed in the case study?
What options do the teacher and the student have, and what should they do and why?

Ans. In the given situation, the Student Code of Ethics is tested. The student's morals are in
question, where he is at a crossroads where he can break the code and cheat in the exam,
breaking the integrity of the student code, thereby risking being punished. The legal implications
are pretty simple. The broken code will lead to punishment and further action for the student
because the code of ethics is taken very seriously. The student might have chosen to what is
morally wrong, but in his case, he just did what is best options subjectively in order to pass the
exams and graduate later on. The teacher at this point can either cancel the exam for every
student or report to the authorities the fault on his part. This may get the teacher reprimanded and
be taken further action against but the choice of cheating will be taken out of the student’s hands.
Or the teacher can remain silent, watching as the events unfold. The decision will remain in the
student’s hands and he will face the consequences of his deeds. This will test the ethics of the
student but the nature of the teacher will come into question. As ideal teachers, they should bring
their students on the right path. On the other hand, the student can either choose to cheat in the
examination, so they can immediately take and pass the examination in order to graduate on
time, even if it’s against ethical standards. Or the student may have ethical and logical thinking
not to copy the answers included in the test exams. The reason may be because they may behave
in fear of losing their integrity or in a state of conscience.

Case study 4
A woman is sexually harassed by a top-level senior executive in a large company. She sues the
company, and during settlement discussions, she is offered an extremely large monetary
settlement. In the agreement, the woman is required to confirm that the executive did nothing
wrong, and after the agreement is signed the woman is prohibited from discussing anything
about the incident publicly. Before the date scheduled to sign the settlement agreement, the
woman's lawyer mentions that she has heard the executive has done this before, and the
settlement amount is very large because the company probably had a legal obligation to dismiss
the executive previously. The company however wants to keep the executive because he is a big
moneymaker for the company. What are the issues of integrity, ethics, and law posed in the case
study? What options does the woman have, and what should she do and why?

Ans. The issue of integrity as we can see that the senior executive used his position of power to
abuse one of his juniors. This is also abusing the position and authority the company has given
him. And the company is bribing the woman essentially to buy her silence which is an unethical
practice in itself. And last but not least to any extent, the harassment itself is enough to warrant
the senior executive to be sent to jail. Women can stay silent and take the monetary
compensation for their emotional and physical grievances. But as this will enable the Executive
to abuse other women in the future, this puts the ethical integrity of the woman in serious
question. As a woman and a victim, it’s her moral responsibility to prevent the crime which has
been committed from happening again. So the other route for her is to refuse the settlement and
continue the case and send the senior executive behind bars.

Utpal

Ans 1. Since the company did not commit any illegal acts and violated any law, this matter is not
legally binding. Although the company provides services in small towns where it is difficult to
find employment where the loyalty of employees is due to a lack of employment, which has
caused the company’s good reputation and has become a concern for its integrity. The company
has no right to pollute the environment with the city river, even the company has not done
anything illegal and has not violated the law because the product produced was freely released
from the river as it was considered safe, its production is very harmful. the lives of city dwellers
in particular, those living near the river. According to environmental law, it is a serious crime to
dump contaminated fish into the river, as few people living near the river have ever reported that
the disease could be serious to humans and aquatic animals which could lead to pollution. so. To
maintain this, the company must first inform all people living near the river about the product
they produce in the safe river and then transport the people along the river. After that, they have
to find another way to dispose of their freshly made product.

Ans 2. In this study, we see that the mother-in-law's behavior is not that of her late daughter-in-
law. This case indicates that the mother-in-law's character is lacking. That his late daughter-in-
law wanted to scatter the ashes in the sea, If she still has fond memories of her life that is why
she has faith in her mother-in-law that she will fulfill her last wish but her mother-in-law. -law.
he did not perform the ritual that the bride wanted as her last wish but the mother-in-law did not
have the character and feelings to fulfill her last wish for her daughter-in-law. And by doing
these things shows that in this case, the mother-in-law is doing something that is not in line with
the behavior of the deceased bride.

Integrity based on trust and emotion is at stake. If the promise is not fulfilled, it is a breach of
trust between the mother-in-law and the daughter-in-law.

The deceased's will must be completed whether you are sympathetic to the person, or will be
sued in court for failure to comply with the will.

Here are some ways in which the mother-in-law is found: Fill the ashes with the family structure:
In this way, she felt that her daughter-in-law was close to her but in so doing, she had broken her
law again. behavior.

Scatter the ashes in the sea: If the mother-in-law makes this choice, legal and moral significance
will remain, but will she feel distant from her beloved daughter-in-law?

Save half of his ashes and scatter them in the sea: In this way, he keeps part of his daughter-in-
law from him and completes his part of the contract. He is no longer legally bound or morally
bound.

Ans 3. In the given case, the Student Code of Conduct is checked. It speaks of a student's
behavior, where he is at a crossroads where he can break the law and cheat on a test, violating
the integrity of the student code, thus putting himself at risk of punishment. The legal
consequences are very simple. The broken code will lead to punishment and further action
against the student because the code of conduct is considered the most important thing. The
student may have chosen to be morally wrong, but in his case, he did his best to pass the tests
successfully. Currently, the teacher can cancel every student's test or report the error to the
authorities. This may result in disciplinary action being taken against the teacher, but cheating
will be removed from the student's hands. Even a teacher can be silent, watching what is
happening. The decision will always be in the student's hands and he will face the consequences
of his actions. This will test the learner's character but the identity of the teacher will be
questioned. As qualified teachers, they should lead their students in the right direction. On the
other hand, a student may choose to cheat on a test to get the best out of his or her exam and to
pass the test successfully on time, even if that means breaking the moral code. Or a student may
have rational, logical reasoning so as not to duplicate the answers included in the test tests. The
reason may be that they may act out of fear of losing their integrity or of their conscience.

Ans 4. A matter of integrity as we see that the chief executive used his position to harass one of
his junior students. This is an abuse of position and authority given to him by a company. And
the company pays a woman to buy her peace which is an illegal practice itself. And lastly, the
abuse is enough to justify the imprisonment of a senior official. Women can be silent and take
financial compensation for their emotional and physical grievances. But as this will lead to the
Supreme Court harassing other women in the future, this poses a serious question to a woman's
moral integrity. As a woman and a victim, it is her moral responsibility to prevent crimes that
have been committed from happening again. So one way is to refuse compensation and continue
the case and send the chief officer to prison.