21st Century Literature from the Philippines
and the World guerilla exploits.
Literary Period
Folk Tales are made of stories about life,
adventure, love, horror, and humor where
one can derive lessons about life.
Folk Song is one of the oldest forms of
Philippine Literature that emerged in the
Pre-Spanish Period.
The common theme of most poems during
the Japanese occupation was nationalism,
country, love, and life in the barrios, faith,
religion, and the arts.
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
(1941-1945) Because of the strict
prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the
writing and publishing of works in English,
Philippine literature in English experienced
a dark period. For the first twenty years,
many books were published both in Filipino
and in English. In the New Filipino
Literature, Philippine literature in Tagalog
was revived during this period. Most themes
in the writings dealt with Japanese
brutalities, the poverty of life under the
Japanese government, and the brave guerilla
exploits.
Philippine Literature in English consist of
these characteristics:
Philippine literature in Tagalog was revived.
Many books were published both in Filipino
and English.
Most themes in the writing dealt with
Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under
the Japanese Government, and the brave
Fray De Plasencia wrote Doctrina
Christiana.
Vicente Sotto wrote the first written
Cebuano literature.
Genres of Literature
Drama may be any situation or series of
events having vivid, emotional, conflicting,
or striking interest.
Poetry is an imaginative awareness of
experience through meaning, sound, and
rhythmic language choices to evoke an
emotional response. It has been known to
employ meter and rhyme.
Illustrated novel is a story through text and
illustrated images.
Graphic novel is narrative in comic book
formats. The story is conveyed to the reader
using a comic form.
The author incorporates doodle writing and
drawings.
Chick literature addresses the issues of
modern womanhood, often humorously and
lightheartedly.
Mobile Text Tula is a traditional poem.
Mind Mapping is a graphical technique to
visualize connection of ideas and pieces of
information.
Ang Pipit
Ang Pipit was written by Levi Celerio and
performed by Pilita Corales. It was written
in A Minor.
Levi Celerio
At the wake, a woman approached Liza and
He is a Filipino composer and lyricist.
introduced herself as Sylvia, her father’s
He was proclaimed National Artist for
mistress. After that, Sylvia talked to her and
Music and Literature.
asked for forgiveness for everyone makes
He is probably best recognized for being
mistakes. Sylvia even grabbed her hands to
leaf-player, an achievement where he was
beg for forgiveness. Another memory
place into the Guinness Book of World
flashed in her mind were her father talks
Records as the only man who could play
about how good son was Lem. Bitterness
music with a leaf.
creeps her mind because unlike Lem, she is
a “Sinverguenza”, the shameless daughter.
Anecdote
It is a short entertaining or interesting story
The story took place in in Liza’s home
about a real incident or person. Anecdote
where she and her aunt, Tita Loleng, were
tells about a variety of stories and tales and
cooking sinigang which is her father’s
It intends the listeners laugh and ponder over
favorite dish. While they are cooking
a topic.
sinigang, Tita Loleng asked Liza about her
encounter with Sylvia in the wake of Lem
Purposes of Anecdote
who died because of cancer. As Tita Loleng
To Cheer
asked Liza while cooking sinigang,
To Reminisce
flashbacks of Liza’s memories revealed the
To Give Caution
memories of her family.
To Persuade
Elements of Short Story
While she was preparing the tomatoes, Tita
1. Character
Loleng started asking questions to her, then
2. Setting
a memory came to her mind. Liza is sitting
3. Plot
on a sofa in the living room in Bulacan. She
a. Exposition
was in his half-brother’s wake who died
b. Rising Action
because of cancer. She was only requested to
c. Climax
be there because her father requested her
d. Falling Action
mother to ask her to visit Lem’s wake.
e. Denouement
4. Conflict
Many husbands are committing adultery and
5. Point of View
looking for another woman which leads to a
6. Theme
broken family and tainted relationships with
Ang Sinigang
family members. This issue is common in
Filipino families. Filipino cultures and
The short story “Ang Sinigang” happened in
traditions are reflected in this story like the
Liza’s home where she and her aunt talk first
sinigang dish, respecting elders, being
on the garden and at the kitchen where they
obedient and others. Lastly, accepting and
continued most of their talks.
forgiving others despite the mistake they Padre Faura conveyed that even if Rizal was
did. executed, he was still shimmering because
he left a legacy for the country. He became a
Her father had an extramarital affair with
national hero because of his way in fighting
another woman and consequently had a
the colonizers.
child. It tainted Liza’s relationship to her
father. It represents a man versus man Jose Rizal ask Padre Faura about the
between Liza and his father. Another thing, purgatory because He feels that he could be
it will test Liza on how she will deal her killed.
relationship to his father. Additionally, when
Rizal was not afraid to die because he knew
she met Sylvia in her half-brother’s wake.
himself that he was on the right side.
Man versus man can be noticed in this part
because she encountered the woman who Imagery Senses
broke her trust to his father. Man versus
himself can be also noticed because the need
to prevent her emotions from exploding in Auditory- Hear
front of the woman or else, a commotion Olfactory- Smell
might happen. Gustatory- Taste
Tactile- Feel
Padre Faura by Danton Remato
Visual- Sight
In the poetry “Padre Faura Witnesses the Kinesthetic- Movement
Execution of Jose Rizal”, it was mentioned
that purgatory is a place or state of suffering
inhabited by the souls of sinners who are
expiating their sins before going to heaven;
this is believed by most Filipinos until now.
People around the world have different
beliefs about what happens after death.
Danton Remoto, the author, talks as if he
witnessed the execution of Rizal, and he
based the things he said on how he knows
Padre Faura.
Padre Faura was shivering. The probable
reason why he was shivering because he was
worried about Rizal who would soon be
executed.
Padre Faura was shivering because he is
worried about Dr. Jose Rizal’s execution.