Lesson Proper

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

He was also known as Jose Rizal or Pepe, born in
Calamba, Laguna on June 18, 1961. The seventh among eleven
children born to a relatively well-off family in a Dominican-
owned tenant land in Calamba, Laguna. He lived and died during
the Spanish frontier time in the Philippines

Jose Rizal, credits to bing.com

RIZAL’S FAMILY

Jose Rizal came from a mixed race. The Rizal is viewed as perhaps a significant family during
their time. Researchers uncovered that the Mercado-Rizal family had similar hints of Japanese,
Spanish, Malay, and Even Negrito blood beside Chinese.

Francisco Mercado Rizal Y Alejandra (1818-1898)

• Jose's father, Don Francisco, was an honest, thrifty, and industrious man born in Biñan,
Laguna, on April 18, 1818.
• Studied in San Jose College, Manila
• Rizal described him as a "model of father."
• He became a tenant of Dominican estate in Calamba.
Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos (1827-1913)
• Jose's mother, Doña Teodora, was an educated and cultured woman from Sta. Cruz, Manila
born on November 8, 1826.
• Studied in College of Santa Rosa, an esteemed school for girls in Manila
• Also known as Lolay
• She was a diligent woman, courteous, religious, hard-working, and well-read.
• Rizal’s first teacher
Saturnina (1850-1913)
• Her nickname was Neneng, the Eldest child
• Married to Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas.
• She and her mother, Teodora, provided the Little Jose with good primary education
Paciano (1851-1930)
• The only brother of Jose, the second among 11 children,
• fondly addressed by his siblings ŇorPaciano short for SeňorPaciano
• Studied at San Jose College in Manila
• He became a farmer but later on, a general of the Philippine Revolution
Narcisa (1852-1939)
• Her nickname was Sisa, the third child
• She worked as a teacher and a musician
• Married to Antonio Lopez also a teacher from Morong
Olympia (1855-1887)
• Her nickname was Ypia, the fourth child
• Married to Silvestre Ubaldo
• A schoolmate of SegundaKatigbak, Jose's first love, at the La Concordia College
Lucia (1857-1919)
• The fifth child
• Married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba.
• Her husband died of cholera in 1889 and was denied a Christian burial because Dr. Rizal was
his brother-in-law.
Maria (1859-1945)
• Her nickname was Biang, the sixth child
• Married to Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna
• Concepcion (1862-1865)
• Her nickname was Concha, the eight child
• Died at the age of three due to an illness
Josefa (1865-1945)
• Her nickname was Panggoy, the ninth child
• Unmarried
• Epileptic
• Headed the women chapter of Katipunan
• Died as spinster
Trinidad (1868-1951)
• Her nickname was Trining, the tenth child
• Unmarried
• Member of the women chapter of the Katipunan
• The longest living family member
Soledad (1870-1929)
• Her nickname was Choleng, the youngest child
• Married to Pantaleon Quintero, native from Calamba, Laguna
• the most educated among his sisters.
CHILDHOOD
Rizal's family was typical of the middle-class families of the 19th century. Only theirs was
with social status, their family being among the principalia. Their rectangular abode was made of
stone, wood, and red-tiled roof. They had an orchard, carriages, and horses and owned an agricultural
business of rice and sugar.

Included the nocturnal walk in the town especially when

The Memory of his Infancy
there is a moon
Rizal recalled her who told him fabulous stories, like
Aya (nursemaid) those about the fairy, tails of buried treasure, and trees
blooming the diamonds.
Rizal recorded in his memoir that by nightfall, his
Daily Angelus prayer in their mother would gather all the children in their home to
home pray the Angelus. At the early age of three, he started to
take part in the family prayer.
Jose's first sorrow. He later wrote in his memoir, "when
I was four years old, I lost my little sister Concha, and then
Death of Concha on sickness for the first time, I shed tears caused by love and grief.”
in 1865 Rizal himself remarked that perhaps the education he
received since his earliest infancy what was that shaped
his habits.
One of the foremost acknowledged and regarded men of
Rizal, a catholic town cleric of Calamba. Rizal utilized to
visit him and tune in to his motivating suppositions on
current occasions and through life sees.
Leoncio Lopez
As a child, Rizal loved to go to the chapel, pray,
participate from the novenas, and join religious
processions.
He learned to read the Spanish Family Bible and started
Age of five to make pencil sketches and mold clay and wax objects,
which attracted his fancy.
Pepe’s sister once laughed at him for spending much
time making clay and wax images. Initially keeping
Age of six silent, he then prophetically told them, "All right,
laughed me now! Someday when I die, people will make
monuments and images of me".
His father provided him an exciting experience of riding
Age of seven a casco (a flat bottom boat with a roof) on their way to a
pilgrimage in Antipolo.
The name of the pony Pepe received from his father as a
Alipato
gift. As a child, he loved to ride his pony.
Pepe's black dog. He took long walks in the meadows
Usman and lakeshore.
 His mother also introduced him to love the arts,
literature, and classics. He wrote a drama (a Tagalog
Age of eight
comedy) performed at the local festival, and the
municipal captain rewarded him two pesos.
To My Fellow Children (Sa The poem was previously believed to be Rizal's first
AkingMgaKababata/Kabata) written poem at the age of eight.
This term was used not just once in the poem. This term
was only encountered by Pepe when he was 21 years old
Kalayaan
from preserved correspondence (letters) with his
brother Paciano.
He is also interested in this, reading so many books
about it. He also learned different tricks, such as making
Magic
a coin disappear and making a handkerchief vanish in
thin air.
Tio Jose Alberto – inspired him to cultivate his artistic
ability.
Influences from his Three Tio Manuel – encouraged him to fortify his frail body
Uncles through physical exercises.
Tio Gregorio – intensified his avidness to read good
books.
Doña Teodora held regular storytelling sessions with
the young Rizal. Amigo de Los Niños (The Children's
Friend)– this book was used by Doña Teodora, where
she read stories to Pepe to impart essential life lessons.
Lolay's chose the story about a daughter moth who was
warned by her mother against going as well close to a
lamp flame. Youthful moth guaranteed to comply. She
later succumbed to the drag lights secretive charm,
believing that nothing appalling happens if she
approaches it with caution.
The Story of the Moth
By chance, Pepe was observing a similar occurrence
while he was listening to his mother's storytelling.[5]
[36] Like a live enactment, a moth flies as well close at
the fire of the oil lamp on their table.
It’s, as a result, both moths in two stories paid the price
of getting close the lethal light Year passed since then.
The child has gotten to be a man. He got from
experience; biting lessons are much more excruciating
than sweet lessons that his mother gave him. He
considers that light is the most lovely thing in creation,
which is worthwhile for a man to give up his life for it.
EDUCATION
In Calamba
• Doña Teodora
o His mother was his first teacher.
o She can teach him Spanish, reading, poetry, and values through rare storybooks.
o Doña Teodora was patient, conscientious, and understanding.
o She's the one who first discovered that her son had a talent for poetry.
• Jose Alberto taught Jose how to paint, sketch, and sculpture.
• Gregorio influenced him to love reading further.
• Manuel developed Rizal’s physical skills in martial arts like wrestling.
• Maestro Celestino -the first private tutor of Jose, who was his parents employed to give him
lessons at home
• Maestro Lucas Padua- later succeeded Maestro Celestino as his private tutor.
• Leon Monroy, an older man, a former classmate of Don Francisco, became the boy's tutor in
Spanish and Latin.
In Biñan
• June 1869 – Rizal was subsequently sent to a private school in Biñan.
• Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz– he owned the school where his brother Paciano brought
him to study; Jose's first teacher; he described him as a severe disciplinarian.
• Pedro, the son of his teacher –Jose, challenged him to a fight. Though younger and smaller,
having learned wrestling from his Uncle Manuel, Jose defeated his tormenter.
• Andres Salandanan – he had an arm-wrestling match with Pepe.
In Manila
• 1872-1877: Jose enrolled at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila in Intramuros; five years later,
he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree with the rating sobresaliente (highest honors).
• 1878: Took up Philosophy and Letter at the University of Sto. Tomas while studying
surveying at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila.
• 1879: Rizal enrolled in the College of Medicine at the University of Sto. Tomas to cure the
deteriorating eyesight of his mother
• 1881: He reached the age of majority, the license was granted to him
• 1882: He stopped attending classes, tired of the Dominican professors' discrimination
against Filipino students, and the method of instruction was obsolete and repressive.
Rizal had taken an overall 19 subjects and finished them with varied grades, ranging from
excellent to fair; he got "excellent" in all his subjects in the Philosophy course.
Studies and Life Abroad
• 1882: Rizal left for Spain and enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters at the
Universidad Central de Madrid
• 1884: Began writing the Noli Me Tangere
• June 21, 1884: He received the degree of Licentiate in Medicine at the age of 23 and got a
grade of "fair."
• June 19, 1885: Received the degree in Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters and completed
studies for the Doctor of Medicine
• 1886:Studied ophthalmology at the University of Leipzig.
• February 21, 1887: completed the manuscript of Noli Me Tangere
• March 1887: published the Noli Me Tangere in Berlin, Germany with the financial help of Dr.
Maximo Viola
 • 1888:Annotated Antonio de Morga’sSucesosdela Islas Filipinas to awaken his countrymen to a
consciousness of their historical past
• 1889: wrote for La Solidaridad
• 1890: Published his edition of Morga’sSucesos in Paris; Continue to write for La Solidaridad;
Published “The Indolence of the Filipinos” and the 4th installment of the “The Philippines a
Century Hence"; Move to Belgium to save so that he could publish the "El Filibusterismo."
• 1891: Received a letter from Leonor Rivera that she would wed an Englishman, Published
the El Filibusterismo with financial assistance from Valentin Ventura and Jose Ma. Basa
(September 18, 1891); Translated into Filipino the well-known "French Declaration on the
Rights of Man"; Left for Hongkong to practice medicine and operated on his mother's eye for
the second time; wrote the constitution of La Liga Filipina
• 1892: went to North Borneo and informed Governor General Despujol his plan to create a
Filipino colony to free Filipinos from being maltreated
People Rizal Met during his Travel
In Spain
• Paterno Brothers (Antonio, Pedro, and Maximo)-Friends of Rizal shared his ideas; they
often held meetings and celebrations in their home.
• Don Pablo Ortega y Rey- A rich mestizo who was a former mayor of Manila; befriended Rizal
due to him being in love with her daughter.
• Consuelo Ortega y Rey- Rizal met her in Madrid while he was studying. A young and
beautiful woman, further described in Rizal’s poem dedicated to her.
• Senor Roses- the owner of the book store where Rizal always buy
• Suzanne Jacoby- A lover of Rizal while in Spain. Beautiful and pretty, as described by him,
confessed her love as he left Spain for France.
• Marcelo H. Del Pilar- An Illustrado and a leading figure of the propaganda movement.
Founder of the famous La Solidaridad and a respected member of the freemasons.
• Mariano Ponce- Another principal member of the Propaganda Movement. Also, the co-
founder of La Solidaridad, together with Marcelo del Pilar.
In France
• Maximo Viola- A very good friend of Rizal. The savior of Noli Me Tangere because he helped
Rizal when he became near destitute.
• Dr. Louis de Weckert- A leading French ophthalmologist. Rizal worked for him as an
assistant.
• Paz Pardo de Tavera- A pretty girl and fiancée of his good friend, Juan Luna
• Nellie Boustead- A beautiful Parisian. The very girl who became the reason for the
momentary rivalry between Rizal and Antonio Luna, the famous Revolutionary General.
In Germany
• Dr. Otto Becker- Another well-known ophthalmologist. Rizal worked for him as an assistant.
• Dr. Karl Ullmer-. Rizal stayed at his home. He welcomed Rizal with open arms proving he
was a kind protestor.
• Prof. FrederichRatzel- A famous German historian. Rizal befriended him.
• Hans Meyer- A German anthropologist. He is a friend of Rizal.
• Dr. Adolf B. Meyer- He is the Director of the Anthropological Museum. Also, befriended by
Rizal.
• Dr. Feodor Jagor- A celebrated scientist-traveler. Author of the book: Travels in the
Philippines, which Rizal read as a child.
 • Dr. Hans Virchow- Introduced to Rizal by Dr. Jagor. He is a famous German anthropologist.
• Dr. Ernest Schwelgger- A German ophthalmologist. Rizal worked for him too.
In Bohemia
• Prof. Ferdinand Blumentritt- A Kind-hearted Austrian professor; developed a lifelong
friendship with Rizal.
• Burgo Master- A kind town Mayor who welcomed Rizal.
• Dr. Carlos Czepelak- A renowned scientist in Europe; he met Rizal at Leitmeritz.
• Prof. Robert Klutschak- An eminent naturist. Also met Rizal in Leitmeritz.
• Dr. Willkomm- He's working as a professor of natural history at the University of Prague.
In Hong Kong
• Jose Maria Basa- A Filipino resident in Hong Kong; he toured Rizal in Macau.
• Jose Slanz de Varanda- A Spaniard who served as a secretary of Gov. Gen. Terrero and
became a spy by shadowing Rizal’s movements in Hong Kong.
In Macau
• Don Juan Francisco Lecaros - A Filipino gentleman, who accommodated Rizal and Basa in
his home.
In London
• Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor- A practicing lawyer where Rizal stayed at his home as a guest.
• Dr. Reinhold Rost- A librarian of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The one who recommended
Rizal to the British Museum authorities and famously called him "a pearl of a man."
In Japan
• Seiko Usui (O-Sei-San)- Lover of Jose Rizal in Japan. She taught him the Japanese language,
which he mastered within a week—the reason why Rizal almost got to settle in Japan.
• TetchoSuehiro- A fighting Japanese journalist who was forced into exile by the government;
met Rizal on the Belgic and became friends.
• Juan Perez Caballero- The secretary of the Spanish Legation in Hong Kong and invited Rizal
to reside in the Spanish Legation.

HOMECOMING
Rizal’s Decision to Return to the Philippines (1892):
o To negotiate with Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol about establishing a Filipino colony in
Borneo;
o To establish La Liga Filipina; and
o To disprove Eduardo de Lete, who published a comment in La Solidaridad that Rizal
has abandoned his country.
• July 3, 1892: Visited Gov. Gen. Despujol to request a pardon for his parents; Created the La
Liga Filipinas in Tondo, Manila (July 3).
EXILE
Despujol ordered the arrest of Jose Rizal and exile to Dapitan (July 7, 1892) Four grounds:
1. For publishing books and articles abroad that shows disloyalty to Spain, anti-
Catholic and anti-Friar
2. For having possession a bundle of handbills, the PobresFrailesin which the
advocacies violated the Spanish orders;
3. For dedicating his novel, El Filibusterismo to the three “traitors” (Gomez, Burgos,
and Zamora) and for emphasizing on the novel’s title page that “the only salvation
 for the Philippines was separation from the mother country (referring to Spain)”;
and
4. For directly criticizing the religion and aiming for its exclusion from the Filipino
culture.
• July 15, 1892: Exiled in Dapitan
• 1892 - 1896: Lived in Dapitan and served as a doctor, farmer, educator, cartographer, and
merchant.
• Casa Real – commandant’s residence where Jose Rizal instead opted to live because he is
unwilling to accede to these main conditions set by the Jesuits,
• Commandant Captain Ricardo Carnicero and Jose Rizal –became such good friends that
the exile did not feel that the captain was his guard.
• Manila Lottery ticket no. 9736 – jointly owned by Rizal, Carnicero, and a Spanish resident
of Dipolog won the second prize of Php 20, 000.
• He built a house, a clinic, and a school from the land he bought
• H still correspondence with European researcher despite everything proceeds; some species
animal named after Rizal are Rhacoporusrizali, a frog, and Apoganiarizali, a beetle.
• Francisco de Paula Sanchez- remain good friends despite differences in their beliefs; help
Rizal create a massive map of Mindanao at the town plaza.
• He practiced medicine and later on operated his mother's eye.
• He studies medical plants to be prescribed to his patients.
• Rizal found out that his enemies sent spies to gather proof that he was a separatist and an
insurgent.
• Matias Arrieta is a physician who revealed his covered mission and asked forgiveness after
Rizal cured him.
• Pablo Mercado- Introduced himself to Rizal, claiming to be Rizal’s relative; vigorously
volunteered to bring Rizal’s letters to certain persons in Manila. Made suspicious by the
visitor's insistence, but Rizal's interrogate him.
o Florencio Nanamanfrom Cagayan de Misamis paid as a secret agent by the Recollect
friars. But because it was raining that evening, Rizal did not command Nanaman out
of his house but even let the spy spend the rainy night in his place.
• Doctor Pio Valenzuela –an emissary sent to Dapitan by Andres Bonifacio.
o Andres Bonifacio – the Katipunan leader; believed that carrying out revolt had to be
authorized first by Rizal.
o Valenzuela was able to deliver the Katipunan’s message for Rizal discreetly. Rizal
firmly believed that a revolution would be unsuccessful without arms and monetary
support from wealthy Filipinos. It had to ask for the help and support of wealthy and
educated Filipinos, like Antonio Luna, an expert on military strategy.
• Rizal learned that his true love Leonor Rivera had died; he was in the Dapitan at that time.
• In August 1893, Rizal successfully operated his mother’s cataract.
• Doña Teodora left Dapitan and went to Manila to be with Don Francisco, who was getting
weaker. Shortly after his mother left, Josephine Bracken came to Jose’s life.
• Josephine Bracken was an orphan with Irish blood and the stepdaughter of Jose's patient
from Hong Kong. Rizal and Josephine Bracken were unable to obtain a church wedding
because Jose would not retract his anti-Catholic views.
o Before the year ended in 1895– They had a child but was born prematurely; it was
named after Rizal's father (Francisco) died a few hours after birth.
• Ferdinand Blumentritt - In 1895, he informed Rizal that the revolution-ridden Cuba,
another nation colonized by Spain, was raged by the yellow fever epidemic. Rizal wrote to
Governor-General Ramon Blanco, asking for permission to volunteer and provide medical
 services in Cuba. As days past on, receiving no reply from Blanco, Rizal lost interest in his
request.
• But on July 30, 1896 –Rizal received a letter from the governor-general sanctioning his
petition to serve as a volunteer physician in Cuba.
• In the late afternoon of July 31– Rizal got on the ‘España’ with Josephine, Narcisa, a niece,
three nephews, and three of his students. Heartily bidding him goodbye, they shouted, “Adios,
Dr. Rizal!”. With agonize, heart, He waved his hand in farewell to the generous and loving
Dapitan folks, saying, “Adios, Dapitan!”

TRIAL
Rizal asked for permission to travel as an army to Cuba in 1895. Nevertheless, his
request was approved, in August 1896, Katipunan, a nationalist Filipino society founded by
Andres Bonifacio, revolted. Though had no ties to the group and disapproved of its violent
methods, Rizal was arrested shortly after that
• November 20, 1896: Preliminary investigation started
• December 8-26, 1896: Trial of Rizal
• Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade- from the Spanish army; selected by Rizal to defend him
• Trialed by a military court at the Cuartel de España
• Documents and testimonials were the types of pieces of evidence presented against Rizal
o 15 Documentary evidence
o 13 Testimonial evidence
• Colonel Francisco Olive– one of the judges; he administered a series of interrogations as a
preliminary investigation for Rizal. Those who were constrained to testify against Rizal were
not allowed to be cross-examined by the accused.

• The records of the case were transmitted in the following order:

• Judge Advocate Dominguez– presented Rizal's criminal case, followed by the lengthy speech
of Prosecuting Attorney Enrique De Alcocer.
• December 28, 1896: Governor-General Camilo Polaviejasigned the court decision and
decreed that the guilty be executed by firing squad at 7 am on December 30, 1986, at
Bagumbayan (Luneta).
• December 29, 1896: Captain Rafael Dominguez read the verdict to Rizal
o Rizal wrote an untitled poem- later known as Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell).
DEATH
 After a proclaim trial, Rizal was convicted of rebellion and condemn to death by firing squad.
Rizal's public execution was implemented in Manila on December 30, 1896, at age 35. His execution
was followed and created more opposition to Spanish rule.
Rizal’s Last 24 Hours
From 6 am to 12 Noon
• Standard biography– states that at6 am on December 29, Judge Advocate Dominguez
formally read the death sentence to Rizal.
• At about 7 am, he was transferred to either his “death cell” or "prison cell."
• Fr. Miguel Saderra Mata and Fr. Luis Viza– The two priests visited Rizal. They brought
the medal of the Ateneo’s Marian Congregation as Rizal’s membership and the wooden
statue of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. He had a curve in the school.
• At 8:00 am– Fr. Antonio Rosell came after Fr. Viza left. They eat their breakfast together
at that time. Then Lt. Andrade arrived, and Rizal thanked his lawyer Santiago Mataix of the
Spanish newspaper El Heraldo de Madrid.
• 9:00 am– Rizal was interviewed.
• About 10:00 am– Fr. Federico Faura came and advised Rizal that he must forget about
his resentment and marry Josephine Bracken. Rosell witnessed the discussion about
religion.
• Jose Vilaclara and Vicente Balaguer(missionary in Dapitan) two other priests also visited
at 11 am.
From Noon to 7:00 pm
• Rizal left alone and had his lunch, read the Bible, and meditated.
• That moment Balaguer reported to the Archbishop about Rizal’s Last Hours refusing to
receive visitors for the meantime.
• Rizal finished up his last poem and wrote to Blumentritt his previous letter, which he
called the Austrian scholar, "my best, my dearest friend."
• Rizal talked with Fr. Estanislao March and Fr. Vilaclara at 2 pm.
• Balaguer returned to the cell at 3:30 pm and allegedly discussed the retraction of Rizal.
Then he wrote letters and dedications and had his rest.
• At 4 pm– the sorrowful mother of Rizal and his sisters went to see him.
• His mother is not permitted by the guards to embrace Rizal, but he kisses on her mother’s
hand.
• Dominguez was said to have been moved with compassion before his mother asks for
forgiveness.
• As the visitors were leaving, Rizal handed over Trinidad, an alcohol cooking stove as a gift
from the Pardo de Taveras, whispering in a language that the guards could not
understand. “There is something in it," that "something" was now known as Mi Ultimo
Adios.
• Don Silvino Lopez Tuñon– the Dean of the Manila Cathedral, came to see Rizal at 5:30 pm.
• At 6:00 pm, Josephine Bracken came into Fort Santiago, and Rizal talked with her
emotionally.
The Night of December 29
• At 7:00 pm– Faura returned and convinced Rizal to trust him and some other Ateneo
professors, and after some moments, Rizal confessed to Faura.
• At 8:00 pm – Rizal had his last supper and attended to his personal needs. He told
Dominguez that he had forgiven his enemies and the military judges and all sentenced
him to death.
 • At nine or 9:30 pm– Manila’s Royal Audencia Fiscal Don Gaspar Cestaño arrived and
talked to Rizal.
Historians Gregorio and Sonia Zaide– alleged that at 10 pm, Rizal and some priest
worked on the hero's retraction.
• Balaguer – brought retraction draft made by Archbishop BernadinoNozaleda, but Rizal
did not like it for too long. After all the conversations, Rizal spent the night to take rest
until December 30.
The Early Morning of December 30
• At 3:00 am on the morning of December 30, 1896– Rizal heard mass, confessed sins, and
took communion.
• At 4:00 am– Rizal picked up the book Imitation of Christ by Thomas a Kempis, read and
meditated. At 5 am, he took his last meal.
• According to stories Lt. Taviel de Andrade, Rizal threw some eggs in the corner of a cell for
the “poor rats”– “Let them have their fiesta too.” – he said.
Afterward, Rizal wrote letters, and one addressed to his family and the brother Paciano. To his
family. He partly wrote. “I ask You for forgiveness for the pain I cause you. I die resigned, hoping that
with my death, you will be left in peace.”To Paciano, he partially wrote. “I am thinking now how hard
you have worked to give me a career. I know that you have suffered much on my account. And I am
sorry.”
• 5:30 am –Josephine and Rizal's sister Josefa came. The couple was said to have embraced
for the last time. And Rizal gave to Josephine the book “Imitation of Christ” of Padre Thomas
a Kempis on which he wrote the dedication. “To my dear and unhappy wife," Josephine.
• 6:00 am – Rizal wrote his father, Francisco Mercado and to his mother, Doña Teodora

Slow Walk to Death

• December 30, 6:30 am: Rizal was dressed in a black suit; few meters behind his advance
guards while moving to his slaughter place and was accompanied by Lt. Luis Taviel de
Andrade, - two Jesuit priests and more soldiers behind him.
• At precisely 7:00 am: arrived on the site, Dr. Felipe Ruiz Castillo checked Rizal's pulse- it
was normal.
• “Consummatumest” (It is finished), his last words
• At 7:03 am: executed by a firing squad at the Bagumbayan Field
• Paco Cemetery- where Rizal was buried
• RPJ- the initials asked by Narcisa to the caretaker of the cemetery to put on her brother’s
marble plaque.
After 1896
• August 17, 1898: Rizal's name was revealed and were brought to Narcisa's house until 1912
• December 29, 1912: Rizal's remains were transferred from Binondo to the marble hall of
the Ayuntamiento de Manila, where the Knights of Rizal guarded it.
References

Book
Mañebog J., Claudio E., Mangahas T.L, Bustamante J. (2019). Life and Works of JOSE RIZAL biography,
writings, and legacies of our Bayani.
G.F. &Zaide, S. M. (2011). Philippine History and Government. 105 Engineering Road, Araneta
University Village, PotreroMalabon City: Mutya Publishing Houce, Inc.
Social Behavioral Science Department. Study Guide in The Life and Works of Jose Rizal
Internet

JOSE P. RIZAL: Family, Early Childhood, and Education. (2006, March 29). http://joseprizal-
one.blogspot.com/2006/03/rizal-family-early-childhood-and.html

Jose Rizal. (2019, September 14). Geni_family_tree. https://www.geni.com/people/Jose-

Rizal/6000000076505226822#:%7E:text=About%20Jose%20Rizal,teacher%20and%20als
o%20a%20doctor.

José Rizal Family Tree. (2014, December 12). Philippine Folklife Museum Foundation | San Francisco,
Ca. https://philippinefolklifemuseum.org/collection/jose-rizal/attachment/rizal-family-
tree/

The Mercado-Rizal Family. (2019, January 21). Knights of Rizal: Diamond Chapter.
http://www.knightsofrizal.be/rizal_family.php

P. (n.d.). The People Rizal Met During His Travels. Scribd. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from
https://www.scribd.com/doc/49582407/The-People-Rizal-Met-During-His-Travels