www.RocketRevise.com 1 Carbon-12 is a stable isotope of carbon. Its nuclide notation is 12 gc Carbon-14 is an unstable isotope of carbon. Its nuclide notation is 14 He Determine the numbers of electrons, protons and neutrons in an atom of carbon-12 and the numbersof electrons, protons and neutrons in an atom of carbon-14. Complete Table. carbon-12 carbon-14 number of electrons number of protons number of neutrons 2 The diagram represents @ neutral atom of ai tope of element X. (3) [Total: 3] State one similarity between this atom and a neutral atom of a different isotope of element X. www.RocketRevise.com 1) [Total: 1]2 www.RocketRevise.com Use words from the box to complete the sentences about the charges in an atom. Words can be. used once, more than once or not at all. negative neutral positive ‘The charge on the nucleus of an atom is . The charge on a proton is. (3) The charge on electrons orbiting the nucleus is ... [Total: 3] ‘The diagram shows a beam of a-particles moving towards a thin sheet of gold in a vacuum. gold shoots beam of a-particles } detectors vacuum—~~ Detectors in the region surrounding the thin gold sheet detect the a-particles and determine the number of particles that travel in various directions. State and explain what can be deduced from the following observation. The majority of the a-particles pass through the gold sheet undeflected and are detected on the far side. deduction .. explanation. soesnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnne [2] Total: 2} www.RocketRevise.com3 www.RocketRevise.com The diagram shows a beam of a-particles moving towards a thin sheet of gold in a vacuum. gold sheet. beam of a-particles detectors vacuum ~ Detectors in the region surrounding the thin gold sheet detect the a-particles and determine the number of particles that travel in various directions. ‘State and explain what can be deduced from the following observation. A very small number of a-particles are deflected through very large angles or return back the way they came. deduction lr ol ‘oy explanation ... 2] [Total: 2] Complete this sentence about a neutral atom. In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of (1) [Total: 1] www.RocketRevise.com4 www.RocketRevise.com The diagram shows a beam of a-particles moving towards a thin sheet of gold in a vacuum. gold sheet. beam of a-particles detectors vacuum ~ Detectors in the region surrounding the thin gold sheet detect the a-particles and determine the number of particles that travel in various directions. ‘State and explain what can be deduced from the following observation. ‘A small number of a-particles are deflected as they pass through the gold sheet. deduction explanation (2) (Total: 2] Draw a line from each patt of the atom to its description: part of the atom description nucleus is an electromagnetic wave electron is the centre of the atom neutron has no electric charge orbits the centre of an atom (3) [Total: 3} www.RocketRevise.com5 www.RocketRevise.com 9 The diagram represents a helium atom. There is also an incomplete key for the particles in the helium atom. key @ | proton oO Complete the key. State the name of each particle. (2) [Total: 2] 10 A rradioactive source is tested over a number of hours with a radiation detector. The readings are shown in the table. time/hours o}/1}2)3)4)5|)6|)7)8)| 9/10 detector reading/ (counts/s)| 324 96 | 39 | 23 21 | 17 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 18 (a) Use the readings to suggest a value for the background count rate during the test, and to determine the half-life of the sample. background count rate = half-life of sample = 14] www.RocketRevise.com6 www.RocketRevise.com (b) The arrows in the diagram show the paths of three a-particles moving towards gold nuclei a thin foil. _gold nucleus —>—_ oO” _-gold nucleus —>—_ —>— om gold nucleus On the diagram, complete the paths of the three a-particles. [3] (Total: 7] 11 The table lists the charge and location of particles in an atom. ‘Complete the table by stating the charge and the location for each type of particle in an atom. particle charge location electron negative neutron proton in the nucleus (3) [Total: 3] 12. An atom of carbon contains protons, neutrons and electrons, Indicate where each particle is found in the atom. Place a tick in the appropriate box. inthe orbiting the Particle nucleus nucleus electron neutron proton [3] www.RocketRevise.com7 www.RocketRevise.com RocketRevise www.RocketRevise.com yy KD wy, \V Rp wy, www.RocketRevise.com