Project 2

Part A (for self study)

Let us try to learn some tools in this project. We have learned the power of a Fourier transform and
also seen applications of the same in x-ray diffraction. I would suggest that you use Python or Matlab
or Mathematics for the same. Here are the problems.

1. Represent a square wave with Fourier series.

2. Plot the sinc function (sin(x)/x) for two different periods say x and 20x. Also, plot the output of
their product.

3. I am attaching an excel file of x-ray diffraction data comprising of 2theta value in degree and
number of counts. Please plot the same. Fit a background for the entire pattern and subtract the same.
Consider the first four peaks and determine the peak position and also the left and the right
background in a symmetric manner. Now try to fit the peak using a pseudo-Voight function which is a
linear combination of Gaussian and Lorentzian functions. Determine the FWHM for the four peaks
and then determine the crystallite size and micro-strain using the Williamson Hall plot. The
wavelength of the radiation is 0.15406 nm and the diffraction constant is 0.94.

Part B (to be submitted on Hello IITK)

Try to get hold of the image of Monalisa from the internet and take a fast Fourier transform of the
same. Apply a suitable filter available in your toolbox and generate a few images from the original
one. If you are not conversant, use Instagram filters which are based on augmented reality. You can be
creative but let us be decent and not make deepfakes. Please read about the image processing
techniques which come under the domain of computer vision. We can use the same for microstructure
analysis to identify different phases. Please see the paper by Nikhil and his supervisors Prof. Jha and
Sangal here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589152923001308