Education, Domestic

Enviroment and
Society in Spain
during the decades.
Today we are going to
read a story about Ana
and later we will discuss a
few aspects
This story talks about Ana’s life, a woman who was borned in the
mid-fifties. We will start when Ana was only a child.
One day, Ana and her friend Ángela came back from school, where
they spent their days sewing and learning how to do domestic chores.
They helped Ana’s mother to set the table because his father was
about to return home from work to have lunch.
Ángela was Ana´s best friend, often she came to her house for
lunch and then they used to play until Ángela had to leave to help
in her house. She had 3 older brothers and a little sister, whom she Hi, I am
had to take care of because she was the only girl of the siblings. Ana
Very often, she had to skip class to help in her house.
Back to our history, Ana and her mother were chatting when
suddenly his father entered the house saying they needed to leave
their home in two weeks because he had found a job in the city in a
factory.
This was such a surprise for all of them, Ana and her brother became
very sad because they would have to leave their friends. Ángela was
also very sad because her best friend was leaving and she didn't know
when they would see each other again.
Ten years later, Ana is still studying basic education in the city. There
were also boys in her class, as there was already mixed education in the
country. She kept in contact with her friend Ángela through letters and
Ana told her that she had met a boy from her class but that he would
soon be leaving because his father had been fired from his job and they
should leave the country.
One day when she arrived home from class, she saw her older brother
watching a programme that caught her attention, it was called "Man
and the Earth". While her mother cooked and waited for her father to
come home from work, she stayed with her brother to watch this
programme.
When the father arrived, they switched the television to the news
channel and announced Franco's death, everyone was shocked and
began to think about all the changes that society would begin to suffer.
Today is Ana's birthday (she is 25 years old) and she is celebrating it with her family, although her mother
was missing. She started working in a clothing store as a shop assistant and generating her own income.
While the brother was eating cake, the father and Ana began to talk about the future of this. Ana had
only one course left to finish her Primary Education degree. She wanted to work as a teacher since she
was a child she was fascinated by education and the fact of teaching boys and girls. However, his brother
was fascinated by cars and had just finished an average degree in mechanics. Juan, began to insist on Ana
about the idea of starting a family, of looking for a husband and having children. Ana began to reproach
her for that idea since she didn't think the same. She wanted to finish her studies, and start working and
when she already had enough money to support a family, rethink creating it. She just wanted to continue
living her life, enjoying and travelling without any responsibility yet.
The next day Ana had met with her friends to go to a demonstration against gender violence with banners
and megaphones, and then go to the cinema to see the premiere of the movie "The Goonies". Before
leaving, his father told him that he had to pick up the dirty dishes and clean the kitchen, otherwise he
would not be able to leave. Ana didn't like it but without complaining she started doing the tasks as soon
as possible.

Ana decided to write a letter to Angela to ask her how everything is going. After a few days, he received
the answer and began to read the letter carefully. Ana began to read it carefully since Angela told her that
she left school since she did not have enough money to buy school supplies or be able to go to school, that
she had married and that she already had a child. He didn't work at all just taking care of his house and
his family. Angela seemed satisfied with her situation, but nevertheless Ana felt sad and frustrated since
her friend could not continue with her studies and had created a family too soon.
In the early 90's, Ana decided to get married and have children. She was
already working in what she liked the most, which was a primary school
teacher. In the school where she worked, the teachers were very
authoritarian and she did not particularly like that, they learned things by
heart and not in an interactive way.
When she got home from work, her husband and children were watching
the Olympic Games that were taking place in Barcelona, since they liked
sports very much, although Ana did not like it very much.
The following week, Ana decided to meet up with her friends to go to the
movida madrileña, which was an event that Ana liked very much because
her favorite artists were Mecano and Alaska. One day watching the news
Ana was surprised with what had happened, a woman had denounced her
husband for abuse and it was the first case of violence that occurred in the
country.
Ana decided to write to her best friend Ángela about what she thought
about the success, Ángela said her that her husband was friend of the
woman, she was very afraid about how her husband treated her and she
wasn´t able to report him to the police.
 One day Ana received a message from her friend Angela and she
told her that the woman finally decided to denounce her husband
and divorce thanks to the help of her children. It was news that
pleased both very much since they realized that little by little they
were arming themselves with courage and gaining rights. In
addition, Angela told her that one of her sons liked boys and she
was happy because he had trusted her to tell him. Ana reacted with
a smile and became excited. Finally society was changing and each
time it was becoming a society with more rights, more freedom and
above all happier
 EDUCATION SOCIETY
Boys and girls were 1960s Women couldn´t vote
separated. without the permission
Girls were educated on of a masculine tutor.
how to be housewives. Modernization of the
country and economic
DOMESTIC SPHERE
growth.
Men brought money
to the house
Women had to take
care of the house, the
children and her
husband.
 1970s
EDUCATION
Ley General de
Educación (LGE)
SOCIETY
Educational levels. March 8, International Women's Day
The mixed schooling. important political, cultural and
social changes:
Abolition of the Home The end of the Franco regime
School Programmes. DOMESTIC SPHERE The Beginning of the Transition
Legalisation of the Communist
Color tv and cassette Party
tapes The constitutional referendum
Women began to work
A popular tradition:
family dinners.
 EDUCATION
- Woman incorporated into the
1980s -
SOCIETY
Creation of numerous
educational process. inventions such as computers
-At the university, women
that allowed a very rapid
accounted for 45.4% of
enrolments.
advance of society.
-In 1989, a project for the -There was an explosion of
Education Reform was proposed cultural expression.
that included the compensation of DOMESTIC SPHERE -A slightly more liberal time
gender inequalities - Protest movements increased
of clothing for women
(demonstrations)
-The woman continued to
maintain the role of housewife
although little by little she was
changing this perspective.
-It is a time of transition in which
little by little the woman began to
have a more relevant role

EDUCATION
- Ley General del Sistema Educativo
(LOGSE)
-The mandatory age was extended
to 16 years old
- Research between the Ministry of
Education and the Women´s
Institute
1990s
SOCIETY
-In 1992, Inauguration EXPO
Seville and Olimpic Games.
- Women's labor market insertion is
-Creation of the Europe Union
on the rise
-General elections that they faced
Felipe Gonzalez (PSOE), Gabriel
Cisneros (PP) and José María
Ruiz Mateos (ARM)
DOMESTIC SPHERE
- Women's labor market insertion is
on the rise
- In 1997, first case of domestic
violence.
-In 1999, revision of the Penal Code
and of the Criminal Procedure Law.
 ACTUALITY

EDUCATION
SOCIETY
Technology and digitalization
The aim of education is for Economic growth and
studnets to develop their own new technologies.
DOMESTIC SPHERE
abilities to learn and discover Migratory movement.
Fundamental changes:
new and meaningful learn Cultural enrichment.
Decrease in the
and discover new significant increase in life
number of traditional
learning, focused on training
families . expectation
and integral education.
Progressive changes
in family dynamics
New family concept.
 ACTIVITY
How much do you know about your history?

In which decade
At what time the women When the
was mixed couldn´t vote woman began
education on their own? to work?
introduced?