• Social networks involve a group of people, shared social interaction, common
ties among members, and a shared area for some period of time. • An online social network is one where people who share common ties can interact with one another online. Top online social networks include Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram, Snapchat, and LinkedIn. THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOCIAL NETWORKS AND COMMUNITIES AND THEIR BUSINESS MODELS INCLUDE: • General communities: Members can interact with a general audience segmented into numerous different groups. Most general communities began as non-commercial subscription-based endeavors, but many have been purchased by larger community portals. • Practice networks: Members can participate in discussion groups and get help or information relating to an area of shared practice, such as art, education, or medicine. These generally have a nonprofit business model in which they simply attempt to collect enough in subscription fees, sales commissions, and limited advertising to cover the cost of operations. • Interest-based communities: Members can participate in focused discussion groups on a shared interest. The advertising business model has worked because the targeted audience is attractive to marketers. Tenancy and sponsorship deals provide another similar revenue stream • Affinity communities: Members can participate in focused discussions with others who share the same affinity or group identification. The business model is a mixture of subscription revenue from premium content and services, advertising, tenancy/sponsorships, and distribution agreements. • Sponsored communities: Members can participate in online communities created by government, nonprofit, or for-profit organizations for the purpose of pursuing organizational goals. They use ONLINE AUCTION • can be classified broadly as C2C or B2C, although generally the term C2C auction refers to the venue in which the sale takes place, for example, a consumer-oriented auction, such as eBay, which also auctions items from established merchants. • A B2C auction refers to an established online merchant that offers its own auctions. There are also numerous B2B online auctions for buyers of industrial parts, raw materials, commodities, and services. • Types of auction: • English Auction • Dutch Internet Auction • Name Your Own Price or reverse auctions • Penny (bidding fee) auctions INTERNET PORTALS • Portals are gateways to billions of web pages available on the Internet. Originally, their primary purpose was to help users find information on the Web, bu they evolved into destinations that provided a myriad of content from news to entertainment. Today, portals serve four main purposes: navigation of the Web (search), content, commerce, and communication. • The major portal types are: • Enterprise portals: Corporations, universities, churches, and other organizations create these to help employees or members navigate to important content such as corporate news or organizational announcements. • General-purpose portals: Examples include AOL, Yahoo, and MSN, which try to attract a very large general audience by providing many in-depth vertical content channels. Some also offer search engines, e-mail, chat, bulletin boards, and personal home pages. • Vertical market portals: Also called vortals, they attempt to attract a highly focused, loyal audience with an intense interest in either a community they belong to or an interest they hold. Vertical market portals can be divided into two main classifications, affinity group portals and focused content portals, although hybrids that overlap the two classifications also exist.