REVIEW MASTERSTM MATH REVIEW

©2011 www.upcatreview.com
PREFACE
Believe That You Can Pass the UPCAT!
by Leopold Laset

Do you sometimes find it hard to believe that your dream to pass the UPCAT can become a reality? If so, then there is
something very important that you need to know.

UPCAT is for dreamers like you.

Every student who passed the UPCAT began thinking or dreaming of passing the UPCAT.

Your near-perfect or perfect score in a quarterly test, your cellphone, PSP, or any gadget, your out-of-town (or out-of-
country) vacation, your new pair of shoes, and any other stuff that you desired and now possess - are all the result of your
‘dream come true’.

What this means is that throughout your lifetime, you have had an idea, you have desired for many things and worked
hard for them, overcome problems and ultimately transformed your dream into reality.

And if hundreds and thousands of students have been able to pass the UPCAT in the past, by starting with a dream, then
it stands to reason, that you can do it too.

Often we make the mistake of thinking that UPCAT is for a small number of bright students who have the brains and
intelligence that we don’t possess.

But this is simply not true.

The fact that thousands of average students have brought their dreams of passing the UPCAT to fruition in the past
demonstrates that the opportunity to qualify in the UPCAT is something that is available to each UPCAT aspirant –
average or bright.

Right now, hundreds of UPCAT dreamers are taking the steps necessary to achieve the goals of passing the UPCAT.
Some are studying this early, some are joining community of fellow dreamers, and some are attending review classes.
What is it that you need to do?

In order to achieve your goal of passing the UPCAT, the only things you really need are:

(1) A crystal clear picture that you already passed the UPCAT
(2) An unshakeable determination to do whatever it takes to make your dream of passing the UPCAT a reality

As soon as you take these two steps, passing the UPCAT becomes achievable. If you need a help – you look for it. If you
encounter a difficult concept – you find a way to understand it. If you can’t solve a math problem – you try and try and
practice more.

And gradually, step-by-step, you bring your UPCAT dream into reality to join the dreams of the thousands of UPCAT
dreamers who have gone before you.

So today I’d like to encourage you to believe in yourself and appreciate the fact that you live in a world where ‘dreams do
come true’.

Understand that thousands of students have made their UPCAT dream a reality in the past – Thousands more will make
their UPCAT dream a reality in the near future and you CAN be one of them.
 evie e @ s
ast

PCAT Review

VOLUME 3

Leopoldo B. Laset, Jr.

Ba1oIome D. Viloria,
Jr. Ian Marco H.
Escamos
REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW

TABLE OF
CONTENTS page

REVIEW TEST

CHAPTER 1. Mathematical Numbers------------------------------------4

CHAPTER 2. Real Number System----------------------------------------5
CHAPTER 3. Numerical Representation
in Algebra--------------------------------------------6
CHAPTER 4. Algebraic Techniques--------------------------------------7
CHAPTER 5. Quadratic Equations
And Inequalities-------------------------------------8
CHAPTER 6. Graphing (Part 1)--------------------------------------------9
CHAPTER 7. Graphing (Part 2)-------------------------------------------10
CHAPTER 8. Word Problems (Part 1)-------------------------------------11
CHAPTER 9. Word Problems (Part 2)-------------------------------------12
CHAPTER 10. Conic Sections----------------------------------------------13

SOLUTIONS AND EXPLANATIONS

CHAPTER 1. Mathematical Numbers --------------------- 15

CHAPTER 2. Real Number System --------------------- 17
CHAPTER 3. Numerical Representation
in Algebra --------------------- 19
CHAPTER 4. Algebraic Techniques --------------------- 21
CHAPTER 5. Quadratic Equations
And Inequalities --------------------- 23
CHAPTER 6. Graphing (Part 1) --------------------- 25
CHAPTER 7. Graphing (Part 2) --------------------- 28
CHAPTER 8. Word Problems (Part 1) --------------------- 31
CHAPTER 9. Word Problems (Part 2) --------------------- 33
CHAPTER 10. Conic Sections --------------------- 35

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, INC. MATH REVIEW
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ANSWER SHEET – ALGEBRA 1

Correct Filling D
A B C

A
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PLEASE DETACH ALONG

A B C D A B C D
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A B C D

Please use No. 2 Pencil

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW

CHAPTER 1: Mathematical Numbers

1. Which of the following is a whole number?

A. 2.5 B. 6/3 C. 3/7 D. 3

2. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

3
A. 6 – 4i B. 6 C. 5 D. 2

3. When a = 8, b = 2, which of the following is a whole number?

1 a ab b
A. B. C. D.
ab b ab a

4. x/24 = 0.375, x = ?
A. 9 B. 12 C. 15 D. 18

5. Which of the following is a rational number?

4 3 2
A. B. D. 1
5 6 6

C.
6

6. Which of the following is NOT a true statement?

A. Every even number is divisible by two
B. Every number divisible by two is an even number
C. Every number not divisible by two is not odd
D. Every odd number is not an even number.

7. If a = {1, 3, 5, 7}, b = {5, 7, 9, 11}, c = {3, 6, 9, 12}. Find (a  b)  c.

A. {3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12} C. {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12}
B. {5, 7} D. {3, 9}

8. If A $ B = A * B - (A + B), what is 3 $ (2 $ 1)?

A. –5 B. –3 C. 0 D. 1

9. [5(6)+ 2] – 8  2 +4(2) = _ _
A. 32 B. 20 C. 36 D. 24

10. Which of the following will give an integer when solved?

A. (4 + 5)2  4 C. 12% of 160

58 2(3 3
1)
B.  D. (54  3)  5
1 2 37 2

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CHAPTER 2: Real Number System

11. Which of the following is FALSE?

a b c d

–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
a b d d
A. >0 B. <0 C. >0 D. >0
b c c b

12. 6 9 
A. –3 B. 3 C. 15 D. –15

13. 1.0674  105 is also equal to:

A. 10674 B. 106740 C. 0.000010674 D. 0.000106740

14. 2 ¾ is 5% of what number?

A. 11/80 B. 13 ¾ C. 55 D. 66

15. What is the area of the shaded region in the figure? The arcs are quarter circles with the side of the
square as the radius.

A. 16 – 16
B. 16 – 4
4m
C. 8 – 
D. 32 – 8
58
 4  (2)(1) = _ 4m
16.
3
A. –2 B. 1 C. 3 D. 5

17. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. (4.0  104) + (2.3  102) = 40230 C. (8  106)  (4  10–4) = 2  102
B. (2  106)(4.5  10–4) = 9  102 D. (3.0  104) – (5  10–3) = 29999.995

12
18. 8 in lowest terms is:

6 3
A. 6 C. 26 D.
2 2
B.
2

(2)3  6 1 (3)(4) = _
19.  
4 2 
6
A. 3 B. –1 C. 6 D. 2

20. 4 64 is also equal to:

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
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A. 2 4
4
B. 2 C. 4 D. 24 8

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CHAPTER 3: Numerical Representation in Algebra

21. Simplify: 3(x – 2) + 3(3x + 4).

A. 6x – 2 B. 2x + 1 C. 12x + 6 D. 4x + 2

22. If x = –3, y = –1. Solve for x + 3y3.

A. 0 B. –6 C. 6 D. 12

23. 2(3x + 1) = 2x – 6. Solve for x

3
A. 
2 B. –2 C. 2 D. 4

24. Simplify: 2(a2 + b) – 7 1

(a2 + b) + (a2 + b).
3 3
A. a2 + b B. 2
(a2 + b) C. 1 D. 0
3

25. Simplify: x20 + x20 + x20 + x20 = _

A. 4x20 B. x80 C. x24 D. 2x22

26. Four less than thrice a number can be represented as:

A. 3 – 4x B. 4x – 3 C. 3x – 4 D. 4 – 3x

5 x 1
27. Find the product of the 
y 4
expression
2
5x  10
A.
54y B. 5x 1 C. xy  y  2x 
4y 2 D.
8 xy  y  2x  2
2 10

28. Find the range for x.

–8 –4 0 4 8

A. –4 < x  6 B. –4  x  6 C. –4 > x < 6 D. –4  x < 6

29. If

 4  23 , find the value of x.

x
9
2 3 8
A.  B. C.  27
3 2 27 D. 8

30. If x–5 > 2x + 4, then

A. x > 9 B. x < –9 C. x > 1 D. x < –1

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CHAPTER 4: Algebraic Techniques

31. Factor 6x2 + 3xy2 – 12x.

A. 3(2x2 + xy2 – 4x) C. 3x(2x + y2 – 4)
B. 3xy(2x + y – 4) D. not factorable

32. Factor x2 – 10x + 24

A. (x – 12)(x + 2) B. (x – 6)(x – 4) C. (x – 8)(x + 3) D. (x + 12)(x – 2)

33. Factor: 18x2 – 32y2

A. 2(3x + 4y)(3x –4y) C. 2xy(9x – 16y)
B. 2(9x2 – 16y2) D. 2xy(3x –4y)

34. The expression 6ac2 – 18a + 3bc2 – 9b when completely factored becomes:
A. 3(2a + b)(c2 – 3) C. 3(2ac2 – 6a + bc2 – 3b)
2
B. (6a + b)(3c – 9) D. (2a + b)(c2 – 3)

35. The radical expression 32c7 when simplified becomes:

A. 4c 2c 2c3 2c
B. 4c C. 4c3 D. 4c 3

36. ( 3y
 3)2 
A. 9 y 2  18 y  9 y y
B. 3 y  C. 3y  6  D. 3y 3 3
3 3

37. x x
 
k h
x x C. hk D. xh 
A. B. x(k  h) xk
hk h hk
k

6y
38. The expression 3 y is also equal to:

23y
A. 6y 3y B. 23y C. D. y 3y
3y

1 1 1
39. If   , then x =
y x 3
A. 3y C. y D. 3
3y B. 3y 33 yy
y y

x2  3x  4 x  x  6
2
40. Simplify the
expression: x2  3x  2  x 2  x  12

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW
A. 0 B. 1 C. x2 (x  2)(x  4)
D. (x  2)(x  4)
x2

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 REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
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CHAPTER 5: Quadratic Equations And Inequalities

41. Find the value of x in the quadratic equation x2 – 25 = 0.

A. 5 B. 625 C. 12.5 D. –5 or 5

42. The roots of the quadratic equation x2 – 5x + 6 = 0 are:

A. x = 6 or x = –5 C. x = 3 or x = 2
B. x = –6 or x = 5 D. x = –3 or x = –2

43. The quadratic equation x2 + 6x – 2 = 0 has:

A. one real solution C. imaginary roots
B. two rational solutions D. two real roots

44. What is the solution set of the equation 2(x2 + x – 5) + 3(x2 – 4x + 6) = 83

A. {5, –3} B. {6, 5} C. {–1, 15} D. {–6, –5}

45. The solution set of the inequality x2 – 4x –21  0 is:

A. –3  x  7 C. –7  x  3
B. x  –3 or x  7 D. x  –7 or x  3

46. What is the value of r and t is the quadratic equation x2 + rx + t = 0 if the roots of the equation are
{4,– 6}?

A. r = –4, t = 6 B. r = 2, t = –24 C. r = –10, t = 24 D. r = 24, t = –10

47. Which of the following inequality has the solution set {x –2 < x < 9}
A. x2 +11x –18 < 0 C. x2 – 7x –18 > 0
2
B. x –11x +18 > 0 D. x2 – 7x –18 < 0

x3
48. > 0. Then
x
2

A. x < –2 B. –2 < x < 3 C. x > –2 D. x > 3 or x < –2

49. What is the solution set of the

equation x6 x?
A. {2, –3} B. {–2, 3} C. {–2} D. {3}

50. Find the solution set of the equation x  3  1

4 x
A. {4} B. {–4, 1} C. {–1, 4} D. {–2, 2}

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CHAPTER 6: Graphing (Part 1)

51. The point (6, –3) is found in:

A. Quadrant I B. Quadrant II C. Quadrant III D. Quadrant IV

52. Which of the following does not belong to any of the four quadrants?
A. (3, –4) B. (–0.5, 6) C. (1, 0) D. (11, 68)

53. Which of the following points have negative x-coordinate value?

A. a, b

B. a, c a
b
C. b, d

D. c, d

54. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of the segment with endpoints at (–3, –4) and (5, 8)?

A. (2, 4) B. (1, 2)
C. (8, 12) D. (4, 6)

55. What is the slope of the line y = 3x + 6

1
A. 3 B. 6 C. 2 D.
2

56. What is the slope of the line passing through the points (–7, 5) and (3, 1)?
2 5 3 1
A.  B. C.  D. 
5 3
2 2

57. What is the distance between the points (–8, –3) and (–4, 5)?
A. 80 B. 16 C. 4 5 D. 25

58. If two lines have slopes of -5 and 1/5, which of the following is TRUE about the two lines?
A. They do not intersect. C. They are the same line.
B. They intersect at two points D. They are perpendicular.

1
59. A line has a slope of and passes through the points (4, –2) and (0, y). What is the value of y?
2
A. 0 B. –4 C. 2 D. –8

60. What is the intersection of the lines x + 2y = 1 and 4x – y = –5

A. (–1, 1) B. (3, –1) C. (–5, 3) D. (2, –3)

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CHAPTER 7: Graphing (Part 2)

61. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The slope of a vertical line is 1. C. The slope of a vertical line is 0.
B. The slope of a horizontal line is 0 D. The slope of a horizontal line is undefined.

62. The line y = –3x + 5 intercepts the y-axis at the point:

3
A. (0, 5) B. (0, –3) C. (0,  ) D. (–3, 0)
5

63. The line 2y + 4x = –6 passes through the following points EXCEPT:

A. (–2, 1) B. (3, –9) C. (–1, –1) D. (2, –1)

64. Which of the following is NOT true for the equation 2y – 6x = 4

A. Its slope is –3. C. It passes through (–2, –4).
B. The line y = 3x + 2 coincides with it. D. It is perpendicular to 6y + 2x = 5

2
65. Which of the following is the equation of the line that has a slope and passes through the point
3
of (4, –2)?
A. 3y – 2x = –2 B. 2x – 3y = 2 C. 3y – 2x = –14 D. 4x – 2y = 6

66. What is the equation of the line that passes through the points (3, –1) and (–5, –5)?
A. –6y – x = 5 B. 4y – 3x = 5 C. 4y – x = –5 D. 2y – x = –5

67. Which of the following is TRUE for the given graph?

A. The slope of the line is positive.
B. The slope of the line is negative. L1
C. The line has a zero slope.
D. The line has no slope.

68. In the given xy-coordinate plane, line contains the

points (0,0) and (1,2). If line p (not shown) contains
the point (0,0) and is perpendicular to , what is an
equation of p?
1
A. y  x  1
2
1
B. y   x
2
C. y   2 x
D. y   x  2

69. Which of the following lines does not intersect y = 5x + 2?

A. 3x + y = 17 B. –2x + 5y = –6 C. 10x – y = 1 D. 5x – y = –28

70. Which of the following points is a solution set of the inequality 2y + 3x > –1
A. (–1, –2) B. (–3, 4) C. (1, –1) D. (3, –5)

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CHAPTER 8: Word Problems (Part 1)

71. How much gas will be used up by a car that travels 32.5 kilometers if it consumes 14 L when it
travels 182 kilometers?
A. 1.5 L B. 2.5 L C. 2.7 L D. 78.4 L

72. If Mike can buy two apples for one pear and two pears for one peach, and if one peach is equal
to eight bananas, how many bananas will Mike receive for one apple?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8

73. Al is twice as old as Fred. The sum of their ages is five times Fred’s age less 48. How old is Fred?
A. 19 B. 24 C. 35 D. 48

74. A bus ride costs Php8.00 for the first four kilometers and Php1.20 for each additional kilometer or
a fraction of a kilometer. How much would a passenger pay if he had a 9 ½ km-ride?
A. Php14.60 B. Php15.20 C. Php17.80 D. Php19.40

75. If m kilograms of sugar is mixed with n kilograms of water, then the percent of sugar in the mixture is:
A. 100 m C. m  D. 100 m  n
mm B. n m
n mn 100 m

76. At 7:00 am, a building casts a shadow that is 165 feet long. At the same instance, a 1-foot ruler casts
a shadow 2.4 feet long. How tall is the building?
A. 68.75 ft B. 72.25 ft C. 162.6 ft D. 396 ft

77. A rectangular lot has a length that is 3 meters less than two times its width. If its perimeter is 66
meters, what is the length of the lot?
A. 12 m B. 21 m C. 24 m D. 42 m

78. The population of San Pablo, the largest city in Laguna, is 50 percent of the rest of the population
of Laguna. The population of San Pablo is what percent of the entire population of Laguna?
A. 20% B. 25% C. 33 1 % D. 50%
3

79. An inlet pipe can fill a certain swimming pool in 8 hours. The same pool can be filled up by a
larger inlet pipe in 6 hours. How long will it take to fill up the pool if both pipes were opened at the
same time?
A. 2 hours B. 7 3
hours C. 3 hours D. 14 hours
24 7

80. A boat travels 40 kph in still water. It takes the same time for the boat to travel 15 kilometers upstream
as to travel 25 kilometers downstream. What is the speed of the current of the river?
A. 10 kph B. 15 kph C. 25 kph D. 40 kph

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CHAPTER 9: Word Problems (Part 2)

81. A fifty-question test is worth 1000 points. If a student scores 800 points, how many questions did
he miss?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 200

82. The measure of an angle is four times its complement. What is the measure of the angle?
A. 18 B. 36 C. 22.5 D. 72

83. Ivan is 14 years older than Kate. In ten years, he will be twice as old as Kate. How old is Kate now?
A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 12

84. A boat is floating on still water. Its anchor is hanging on its side and is 1.5 meters from the surface of the
water. During high tide, the water level rises by 0.4 meters. What is the anchor’s distance from the
surface of the water at this time?
A. 0.4 m B. 1.1 m C. 1.5 m D. 1.9 m

85. A train leaves the train station at 10:00 AM traveling 100 mph due west. Another train leaves another
station along the track traveling the opposite direction. If the trains meet at 12:00 NN and traveled a total
of 300 miles, what is the speed of the other train?
A. 50 mph B. 75 mph C. 100 mph D. 150 mph

86. Mr. Colayco has Php35,000. He invested a part of it at 10% interest and the other part at 12%. After a
year, he earned a total of Php3,900 in interest. How much did he invest at 12%?
A. Php12,000 B. Php15,000 C. Php20,000 D. Php23,000

87. A cubic box, X, has sides of length n. Another cubic box, Y, has sides of length 2n. How many boxes
X could fit into a single box Y?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 8 D. 16

88. If 500 chickens can consume 10 sacks of feeds in 3 days, how long will the same amount of feeds last
if there are only 200 chickens?
1 11
A. 7 days B. days C. 75 days D. 25days
2 5

89. Jonathan and Jake can finish a project in 3 hours. If Jonathan alone can finish the same project in
8 hours, how long will it take Jake to finish it if he works alone?
11 2 2 4
A. hour B. hours C. 4 hours D. 5 hours
24 11 5

90. A bag in a department store is on sale at 30% discount. When bought with a coat, the total price of the
two items is Php 4,300. What is the price of the coat if the total price of the coat and the bag before
the sale is Php 5,200?
A. Php1,100 B. Php2,200 C. Php 3,640 D. Php3,900

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CHAPTER 10: Conic Sections

91. What is the radius of the circle with the equation x2 + y2 = 25

A. 5 B. 5 C. 25 D. 625

92. Which of the following is the equation of the circle that has a center at the origin and a radius of 6
A. x2 + y2 = 6 B. x2 + y2 = 36 C. 6x2 + 6y2 = 36 D. x2 + y2 = 3

93. An ellipse has the equation

x  y   1 . What is its center?

2
2
4
2
9
16
A. (–4, 2) B. (4, –2) C. (16, 9) D. (4, 3)

1
94. What is the vertex of the parabola with the y x22?
equation 3
A. (0, 2) B. (–2, 0) C.
1 D. (3, –2)
 ,2
 
3 

95. The equation x2 + 3y = 5 is a:

A. circle B. hyperbola C. ellipse D. parabola

96. Which of the following equations is an ellipse?

A. x2 + y2 + 4y = 12 C. 3x2 +y2 – 6x + 6y = 15
2 2
B. x – 4y + 4x – 8y = 18 D. x2 + 5y = 12

97. What is the center of the hyperbola with the equation x2 – 4y2 = 16
A. (0, 0) B. (1, –4) C. (–1, 4) D. (–4, 4)

98. Find the standard form of the circle with the equation x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y = 8
A. (x + 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 25 C. (x – 1)2 + (y – 4)2 = 8
2 2
B. (x + 1) + (y – 4) = 16 D. (x + 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 8

99. Find the center of the ellipse with the equation x2 + 2y2 – 4x + 8y = 20
A. (2, 2) B. (2, –2) C. (4, –8) D. (–4, 8)

100. What is the equation of the circle with center (2, –3) and passes through the point (5, 1)?

A. (x – 5)2 +(y – 1)2 = 5 C. (x + 5)2 +(y + 1)2 = 5

B. (x – 2)2 +(y + 3)2 = 5 D. (x – 2)2 +(y + 3)2 = 25

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REVIEW

Solutions and
Explanations

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CHAPTER 1: Mathematical Numbers

1. Which of the following is a whole number? 3. When a = 8, b = 2, which of the following is a
A. 2.5 C. 3/7 whole number?
3
B. 6/3 D. 1 ab
C.
a  b plus zero (0). Among
A.
The set of whole numbers is composed of the natural numbers (or counting numbers) a  bthe choices, only 6/3 is a w
a
integer rational numbers). And 3 is a non- terminating and non-repeating decimal b number). Refer to the fig
(It is called an irrational
B. D.
b a
1 1 1
A. 
a  b8  2 10 not a whole number
B. a84
b2 a whole number
ab826
C.
a  b8  2 10 not a whole number
D. b21
a8 4 not a whole number

The answer is B.

4. x/24 = 0.375, x = ?
A. 9 C. 15
B. 12 D. 18

5. Which of the following is a rational number?

2. Which of the following does not belong

to the group?
A. 6 – 4i C. 5
3
B. 6 D. 2
4 2
Among the choices, only 5 is a real number. The rest are complex numbers
A. and imaginary numbers.
C. Thus, the answer is C.
All Numbers 5 6
3 1
B. D.
6 6

A rational number is a number that can written as a ratio of two inte

Real Imaginary

Complex 4

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INC. REVIEW

6. Which of the following is NOT a true

9. [5(6)+ 2] – 8  2 +4(2) =
statement?
A. 32 C. 36
A. Every even number is divisible by two
B. 20 D. 24
B. Every number divisible by two is an
even number
Use the correct order of operations (PEMDAS):
C. Every number not divisible by two is not odd
D. Every odd number is not an even number.
[5(6)+ 2] – 8  2 + 4(2)
A number is even if and only if it is divisible by 2. Thus, statements Ainnermost
and B aregrouping
true statements.
symbols first

Any integer that is not even is odd. Thus, statement = [30+ 2] – 8  2 + 4(2)
D is true. multiply before add

Therefore, only C is NOT true. It should be: “Every number not divisible
= 32 – by
8 22is+not
4(2)even.”
multiply or divide from left to right

= 32 – 4 + 4(2)

= 32 – 4 + 8
7. If a = {1, 3, 5, 7}, b = {5, 7, 9, 11}, c = {3, 6, 9, add or subtract from left to right
12}. Find (a  b)  c.
A. {3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12} = 28 + 8 = 36
B. {5, 7}
C. {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12} The answer is C.
D. {3, 9}

10. Which of the following will give an integer

when solved?
A. (4 + 5)2  4 C. 12% of 160

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 First, find a  b (a intersection b):
{1, 3, 5, 7}  {5, 7, 9, 11} = {5, 7}

Then (a MASTERS
REVIEW b)  c LEAGUE, MATH
= {5, 7}  {3, 6, 9, 12} = {3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12}
INC. REVIEW

The answer is A. 58 2(3 1) 3

B.  D. (54  3)  5
1 2 37 2

8. If A $ B = A * B - (A + B), what is 3 $ (2 $ 1)?

A. –5 C. 0 A.(4 + 5)2  4 = (9)2  4 = 18  4 = 4.5
B. –3 D. 1 (not an integer)
5  8  2(3 1)   3  8  1   2   3
First, find 2 $ 1:
B. 1 23  73 4
(an integer)
2 $ 1 = 2*1 – (2 + 1) = 2 – 3 = -1

Then 3 $ (2 $ 1) C.12% of 60 = .12 * 60 = 7.2(not an integer)

= 3 $ (-1) = 3*(-1) – (3 + -1) = -3 – 2 = -5
3 (54  3)  5  3 57   5  85 .5  5  90 .5
D. 2 2
The answer is A. (not an integer)
x  0.375
24 rules in Algebra
ALGEBRA TIP: The Order of Operations is one of the most important 1. If you
convert do operations
0.375 to fractioninreduce
the wrong order, term
to lowest it is
x answer
The 375 is B. rewrite to equivalent fractions
241000
x 3
248
x9
2424

Thus the answer is A (x = 9).

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CHAPTER 2: Real Number System
11. Which of the following is FALSE?
14. 2 ¾ is 5% of what number?
a b c d A. 11/80 C. 55
B. 13 ¾ D. 66
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
a d Let’s translate 2 ¾ is 5% of what number:
A. >0 C. >0
b 2 ¾ = 0.05 * x
c
b d
B. <0 D. >0 Divide both sides by 0.05 to solve for
c b x: (2 ¾ )/0.05 = x

As labeled in the number line, a and b are Convert 2 ¾ to

decimal:
negative numbers, while c and d are positive
(2.75)/0.05 = x
numbers.
Multiply both the numerator and denominator
The quotient of like signs is positive or greater
by 100 (or move the decimal points 2 places to
than zero while that of unlike signs is negative
the right):
or less than zero.
(275)/5 = x or x = 55
A. a and b are both negative, thus a/b > 0
B. b and c are unlike signs, thus b/c < 0
C. d and c are both positive, thus d/c > 0 15. What is the area of the shaded region in the
D. d and b are unlike signs, thus d/b < 0 figure? The arcs are quarter circles with the
side of the square as the radius.

A. 16 – 16
B. 16 – 4
12. 6 9  C. 8 –  4m
A. –3 C. 15 D. 32 – 8
B. 3 D. –15

4m
69  3 3
If we draw the
diagonal of the square,
The answer is B. we need to subtract the w1
4m w2
areas of the two white
regions w1 and w2
13. 1.0674  105 is also equal to: from the area of the 4m
A. 10674 C. 0.000010674 square:
B. 106740 D. 0.000106740
Each white region area is the difference between the
1.0674  105 = 106,740 move the decimal point 5 area of the quarter circle and the area of the isosceles
1 2 3 4 5 places to the right right triangle (half the square):
w1 = w2 = (1/4) (42) – (1/2)(4)(4) = 4 - 8
Note that 105 is also 100,000.
Thus, the area of the shaded region, S, is:
The answer is B. S = 42 – 2(4 - 8) = 16 - 8 + 16 = 32 - 8

The answer is D.
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12
58 18. in lowest terms is:
16.  4  (2)(1) = _ 8
3 6
A. –2 C. 3 A. C. 2 6
B. 1 D. 5 2
6 3
B. D.
Let’s follow the correct order of operations: 2 2

58 3
 4  (2)(1)   4    2 12 43 3 2 6
3 3 8  42  2  2  2
= -1 + 4 + 2
= 3+2
= 5 Thus, the answer is A.
The answer is D.

(2)3  6 1 (3)(4)
19.   =_
17. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? 4 2 6
A. (4.0  104) + (2.3  102) = 40230 A. 3 C. 6
B. (2  106)(4.5  10–4) = 9  102 B. –1 D. 2
C. (8  106)  (4  10–4) = 2  102
D. (3.0  104) – (5  10–3) = 29999.995 Again, let’s follow the correct order of operations:

A. (4.0  104) + (2.3  102) = 40,000 + 230

(2)3  6 1 (3)(4) 86 1 12
= 43,230 true 4  2 6  4  
2 6
2 1
   
2 4 2
B. (2  106)(4.5  10–4) = (2 x 4.5)(106-4) 1 1
  2
= 9 x 102 true 2 2
=0+2

=2
C. (8  106)  (4  10–4) = (8/4) x (106-(-4))
The answer is D.
= 2 x 1010 false

4
20. 64 is also equal to:
D. (3.0  104) – (5  10–3) = 30,000 - 0.005 A. 2 4 4 C. 4
B. 2 D. 2 4 8
= 29,999.995 true

4
64  4 16  4  4 24  4  24 4
Thus, the answer is C.
The answer is A.

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CHAPTER 3: Numerical Representation in Algebra
21. Simplify: 3(x – 2) + 3(3x + 4).
A. 6x – 2 C. 12x + 6 7 1
B. 2x + 1 D. 4x + 2 24. implify: 2(a2 + b) – (a2 + b) + (a2 + b).
3 3
A. a2 + b C. 1
2 2
3(x – 2) + 3(3x + 4) Distribute B. (a + b) D. 0
3
= 3x – 6 + 9x + 12 Combine like terms
2(a2 + b) – 7 (a2 + b) + 1 (a2 + b)
= 12x + 6 3 3
= (a2 + b)(2 – 7 + 1 )
Factor out a2 + b
The answer is C. 33
Get LCD Simplify
= (a2 + b)( 6  7 1 )
3
22. If x = –3, y = –1. Solve for x + 3y3. = (a2 + b)(0)
A. 0 C. 6
B. –6 D. 12 =0

|x| + 3y3 = |-3| + 3(-1)3 The answer is D.

= 3 + 3(-1)

= 3 + (-3) 25. Simplify: x20 + x20 + x20 + x20 = _

A. 4x20 C. x24
80
B. x D. 2x22
=0

The answer is A. x20 + x20 + x20 + x20 = 4x20

When adding terms with the same variable and

exponent, the variable and the exponent are
23. 2(3x + 1) = 2x – 6. Solve for x retained while the coefficient of the sum is the
3
A.  sum of the coefficients of the terms.
2 C. 2
B. –2 D. 4
The answer is A.
2(3x + 1) = 2x – 6

6x + 2 = 2x – 6 Distribute 26. Four less than thrice a number can be

represented as:
A. 3 – 4x C. 3x – 4
6x – 2x = -6 – 2 Transpose
B. 4x – 3 D. 4 – 3x

4x = -8 Simplify
Let x be the number. “Four less than thrice
x = -2 Divide by 4 a number” means “three times x minus
four” or 3x – 4.
The answer is B.
The answer is C.

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27. Find the product of the expression 

3
5 x 1 29. If  4  2 , find the value of x.
 x  9

y2 4 2 8
A. 5x  5 xy  y  2x  A.  C. 
C. 3 27
2
4y8 10
B. 27
10 D.
5x 1 D. 3 8
B. 4y xy  y  2x  2 2 3
2
 4 2
5  x  1  5(x  1)  5x  5 x 
y  244( y  2)4 y  8 9
3 n n
x92  a   b 
4 Note :  b  a 
The answer is A.    
 13 p
 1p
x   9  2  a q aq
 4   Note :
 
 
28. Find the range for x. –8 –4 0 4 8
 93
1

x  Note :a 2  a
 4
A. –4 < x  6 C. –4 > x < 6 33
B. –4  x  6 D. –4  x < 6 x   2  Simplify
33
 a n n

The graph is the same as the interval [-4, 6), x  If x–5 > 2x +Note
30. :  a
4, then
A.23 x > 9  b C.bxn > 1
which means all numbers between 4 and -6 B. x < –9 D. x < –1
x  27
including 4 but excluding 6. In inequality 8
symbols, it’s -4 ≤ x < 6.
x – 5 > 2x + 4 x – 2x > 4 + 5
The answer is D.
-x > 9 Transpose Simplify
The answer is D.
x < -9 Multiply by -1

ALGEBRA TIP: Practice is really important in Note: The direction of the inequality is reversed when both sides
algebra. You can't expect to learn everything from
online courses or tutorials. You need to go through The answer is B.
the concepts and the principles of algebra again and
again in order to learn them.

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CHAPTER 4: Algebraic Techniques

31. Factor 6x2 + 3xy2 – 12x. 34. The expression 6ac2 – 18a + 3bc2 – 9b when
A. 3(2x2 + xy2 – 4x) C. 3x(2x + y2 – 4) completely factored becomes:
B. 3xy(2x + y – 4) D. not factorable A. 3(2a + b)(c2 – 3) C. 3(2ac2 – 6a + bc2 – 3b)
B. (6a + b)(3c2 – 9) D. (2a + b)(c2 – 3)
6x2 + 3xy2 – 12x

= 3x(2x + y2 – 4) 6ac2 – 18a + 3bc2 – 9b

Factor out 3x
= (6ac2 + 3bc2) – (18a + 9b) Regroup
The answer is C.
= 3c2(2a + b) – 9(2a + b) Factor 3c2 and 9

= 3(2a + b)(c2– 3) Factor 3 and (2a + b)

32. Factor x2 – 10x + 24 The answer is A.
A. (x – 12)(x + 2) C. (x – 8)(x + 3)
B. (x – 6)(x – 4) D. (x + 12)(x – 2)

35. The radical 32c7 when

expression simplified
x2 – 10x + 24 becomes:
2c
A. 4c C. 4c3
Think of 2 numbers whose product is +24 and
B. 4c2c3 D. 4c 3
whose sum is -10:-6 and -4 2c
32c7 16  2  c6  c Factor perfect squares
x2 – 10x + 24 = (x – 6)(x – 4)
4c3  2c √=; √=
The answer is B.

The answer is D.

33. Factor: 18x2 – 32y2

A. 2(3x + 4y)(3x –4y) C. 2xy(9x – 16y)
B. 2(9x2 – 16y2) D. 2xy(3x –4y) 36. (3y  3)2 

A. 9 y 2  18 y  9
C. 3y  6y 3
18x2 – 32y2 B. 3 y  3
D. 3y 3y 3
= 2(9x2 – 16x2) Factor out 2
( 3y
= 2[(3x)2 – (4x)2] Factor perfect squares

= 2(3x + 4y)(3x – 4y) a2 – b2 = (a + b)(a – b)   3y 

2
 2  3y  3   (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab +

 3
2

The answer is A.

 3y  23 y  3 √ =

 3y  6 y  ∙ =
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The answer is
REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, INC. MATH REVIEW
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1 1 1
37. x x 39. If   , then x =
  y x 3
k h
x hk 3y y
A. A. C.
x(k  h) 3y 33
C. y
hk
x 3y
B. xh  B. 3 y  y
hk D. D. y
xk
hk

xx xh  xk hkhk 1 11

LCD = hk yx3
kh
3x = 3y + xy Multiply both sides by LCD = 3xy
xh  xk hk

The answer is D. 3x – xy = 3y Transpose

x(3 – y) = 3y Factor out x

= Divide by (3 – y)
6y
38. The expression 3 y is also equal to:
The answer is A.

A. 6y 3y 23y
C. 3y
B. 2 D. y 40. Simplify the expression:
3y 3y
x2  3x  4 x  x  6
2

x2  3x  2  x 2  x  12
6y
3y
A. 0 C. x2
6 y 3 y x2
 Rationalize the denominator B. 1 D. (x  2)(x  4)
3 y3 y
(x  2)(x  4)
6y3y
 3y √ ∙ √=
x2  3x  4  x2  x  6
x2  3x  2 x2  x  12
2 3y
 (x  4)(x  1)  (x  3)(x  2)
The answer is B.
(x  2)(x  1) (x  4)(x  3) Factor and cancel
ALGEBRA TIP: If time permits, go back and resolve the more difficult problems on the test on a separate piece of paper. If these "new"
x2
x2

The answer is C.

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CHAPTER 5: Quadratic Equations And Inequalities

41. Find the value of x in the quadratic 44. What is the solution set of the
equation x2 – 25 = 0. equation 2(x2 + x – 5) + 3(x2 – 4x + 6) =
A. 5 C. 12.5 83
B. 625 D. –5 or 5 A. {5, –3} C. {–1, 15}
x2 – 25 = 0 B. {6, 5} D. {–6, –5}

(x + 5)(x – 5) = 0 a2 – b2 = (a + b)(a – b) 2(x2 + x – 5) + 3(x2 – 4x + 6) = 83

x = -5 or x = 5 Equate each factor to 0 2x2 +2 x – 10 + 3x2 – 12x + 18 = 83

The answer is D. Distribute 2 and 3, respectively

5x2 – 10x + 8 = 83 Combine like terms

42. The roots of the quadratic equation x2 – 5x + 5x2 – 10x + 8 – 83 = 0Transpose 83
6 = 0 are:
A. x = 6 or x = –5 C. x = 3 or x = 2 5x2 – 10x – 75 = 0 Simplify
B. x = –6 or x = 5 D. x = –3 or x = –2

x2 – 5x + 6 = 0 5(x2 – 2x – 15) = 0 Factor out 5

(x – 3)(x – 2) = 0 Think of 2 numbers 5(x – 5)(x + 3) = 0 Factor further

whose product is 6 and whose sum is -5
x = 5 or x = -3 Equate each factor to 0

The answer is A.
x = 3 or x = 2 Equate each factor to 0

The answer is C. 45. The solution set of the inequality x2 – 4x –21

 0 is:
43. The quadratic equation x2 + 6x – 2 = 0 has: A. –3  x  7 C. –7  x  3
A. one real solution C. imaginary roots B. x  –3 or x  7 D. x  –7 or x  3
B. two rational solutions D. two real roots
x2 – 4x –21 ≤ 0
The number of real solutions of a quadratic
(x – 7)(x + 3) ≤ 0 Factor
equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 can be determined by
the value of the discriminant b2 – 4ac:
According to the Product Rule, if the product of two numbers i
If AB ≤ 0 , then either:
 2
If b – 4ac > 0, it has 2 real roots
A ≤ 0 and B  0; or
 If b2 – 4ac = 0, it has 1 real root A  0 and B ≤ 0
Thus,
 If b2 – 4ac < 0, it has no real roots,
only imaginary solutions x – 7 ≤ 0 and x + 3  0 or x – 7  0 and x + 3 ≤ 0

In x2 + 6x – 2 = 0, a = 1, b = 6 and c = -2. Thus, the

discriminant is:
b2 – 4ac = 62 – 4(1)(-2) = 36 + 8 = +44

Since the discriminant is +44, there are 2 x ≤ 7 and x  -3 or x  7 and x ≤ -3

real roots.
-3 ≤ x ≤ 7 or Impossible!
The answer is D.
The answer is A.
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46. What is the value of r and t is the ALGEBRA TIP: If the coefficient of the x2 termis 1, then
quadratic equation x2 + rx + t = 0 if the
roots of the equation are {4,–6}? x2 + bx + c = (x + n)(x + m), where n and m

A. r = –4, t = 6 C. r = –10, t = 24 i. Multiply to give c Add to give b

B. r = 2, t = –24 D. r = 24, t = –10 ii.

Since 4 and -6 are roots of x2 + rx + t = 0, x2 + rx

.
+ t in factored form is (x – 4)(x + 6). Thus, 49. What is the solution set of the equation

x2 + rx + t = (x – 4)(x + 6) x6 x?

x2 + rx + t = x2 + 2x – 24 Expand A. {2, –3} C. {–2}
B. {–2, 3} D. {3}
r = 2 or t = -24
x6x
The answer is B.
47. Which of the following inequality has the  x + 6 = x2 Square both sides
solution set {x –2 < x < 9}
A. x2 +11x –18 < 0 C. x2 – 7x –18 > 0  x2 – x – 6 = 0Rearrange
2
B. x –11x +18 > 0 D. x2 – 7x –18 < 0
 (x – 3)(x + 2) = 0 Factor
A. x2 + 11x – 18 < 0 not factorable
 x = 3 or x = -2Equate each factor to 0
B. x2 – 11x + 18 < 0 (x – 9)(x – 2) < 0
 x < 9 and x > 2 or 3 6  3
 ? Check for any
x > 9 and x < 2 (impossible)
2<x<9
C. x2 – 7x – 18 > 0 (x – 9)(x + 2) > 0   2  6  2 extraneous solution
 x > 9 and x > -2 or x < 9 and x < -2
 x > 9 or x < -2  x = -2 is an extraneous solution.
D. x2 – 7x – 18 < 0 (x – 9)(x + 2) > 0
 x < 9 and x > -2 or The answer is D.
x > 9 and x < -2 (impossible)
 -2 < x < 9 50. Find the solution set of the equation
x3 1
The answer is D. 4  x
A. {4} C. {–1, 4}
B. {–4, 1} D. {–2, 2}

x x31
48. 3 > 0. Then
x
4x
2  x(x – 3) = (4)(1) Cross-Multiply
A. x < –2 C. x > –2
B. –2 < x < 3 D. x > 3 or x < –2  x2 – 3x = 4 Distribute

x3  x2 – 3x – 4 = 0Transpose
x  2 > 0  x – 3 > 0 and x + 2 > 0 or
x – 3 < 0 and x + 2 < 0 x > 3 and x > -2 or  (x – 4)(x + 1) = 0 Factor

x < 3 and x < -2
x > 3 or x < -2  x = 4 or x = -1Equate each factor to 0

The answer is C.
The answer is D.
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CHAPTER 6: Graphing (Part 1)

51. The point (6, –3) is found in:
A. Quadrant I C. Quadrant III 53. Which of the following points have
B. Quadrant II D. Quadrant IV negative x-coordinate value?
The Rectangular Coordinate System or Cartesian Plane has four Quadrants with the following corresponding signs of the coordinates (x

A. a, b a
b
B. a, c

C. b, d
c
D. c, d d

54. What are the coordinates of the midpoint of

Any point that lies at the left of the y-axis has a
the segment with endpoints at (–3, –4) and
negative x-coordinate. Points a and c lie at the
(5, 8)?
left side of the y-axis.
A. (2, 4) C. (8, 12)
The
B. answer
(1, 2) is B. D. (4, 6)

Image from The coordinates of the midpoint of a segment, given the coordina
(6,– 3) lies in Quadrant IV. The answer is D.

(x2, y2)

(x1, y1)
52. Which of the following does not belong to
any of the four quadrants?
A. (3, –4) C. (1, 0)
B. (–0.5, 6) D. (11, 68)

The origin has coordinates (0, 0). Any point that

lies on the x-axis has the coordinates (x, 0), while x  1 x  x   1  3  5  1 2   1
any point that lies on the y-axis has the 2
12
2 2
coordinates (0, y). A point that lies on an axis does
NOT belong to any Quadrant. Thus, (1, 0) does y  1  y  y   1  4  8   1 4   2
12
NOT lie in any Quadrant. 2 2 2
x = 1, y = 2
The answer is C.
The answer is B.

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW

55. What is the slope of the line y = 3x + 6 57. What is the distance between the points
A. 3 C. 2 (–8, –3) and (–4, 5)?
1
B. 6 D. A. 80 C. 4 5
2 B. 16 D. 25
The slope of the line y = mx + b is m.

The distance d between two points is given by the

formula:

Image from
Thus, m = 3. The answer is A.

Image from http://z.about.com

Thus,
56. What is the slope of the line passing
through the points (–7, 5) and (3, 1)? d  x  x 2   y2 y 2   4  82  5 
2 1 1
2 3
2
A.  3
5 C. 
2 d  4 2  8 2  16  64  80  16  5  4 5
5 1
B. D. 
2 3 The answer is C.
The slope of the line given the coordinates of two
points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by the formula: 58. If two lines have slopes of -5 and 1/5, which
of the following is TRUE about the two
lines?
A. They do not intersect.
B. They intersect at two points
Image from http://mathfacts.info C. They are the same line.
D. They are perpendicular.
Parallel & Perpendicular Lines
y 2  y1
m  15 4 2
  Lines are parallel if they have the same slopes (m1
Thus, x 2  x1 3  7 10 5 = m2) and they have different intercepts.

The answer is A. Lines are perpendicular if they have slopes that are
negative reciprocals of each other (m1m2 = –1).

Image from http://www.bbc.co.uk

(-5)(1/5) = -1. Thus the two lines are

perpendicular.
m1 = m2 m1 m2 = -1

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW

1
and passes through 60. What is the intersection of the lines
59. A line has a slope of x + 2y = 1 and 4x – y = –5
2
the points (4, –2) and (0, y). What is the value
of y? A. (–1, 1) C. (–5, 3)
A. 0 C. 2 B. (3, –1) D. (2, –3)
B. –4 D. –8
To find the intersection of two lines, we have to solve the equations
x  2y  1
m  y2  y1  y  2  y  2  1
x2  x10  4  42 
4x  y  5
Cross multiplying, we’ll get: Multiply the second equation by 2, then add the two equations, we g
x2y1
 8x  2 y  10 9x  9
2(y + 2) = -4
x  1
2y + 4 = -4 Distribute 2
To solve for y, we just substitute the value of x to any of the two eq
2y = -4 – 4 Transpose 4 Simplify Divide by 2
2y = -8 4x  y  5
y = -4  4  y  5
45y
The answer is B. 1  y or y  1

The intersection is (-1, 1).

The answer is A.

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CHAPTER 7: Graphing (Part 2)

61. Which of the following is TRUE? 63. The line 2y + 4x = –6 passes through the
A. The slope of a vertical line is 1. following points EXCEPT:
B. The slope of a horizontal line is 0 A. (–2, 1) C. (–1, –1)
C. The slope of a vertical line is 0. B. (3, –9) D. (2, –1)
D. The slope of a horizontal line is undefined.
If the slope of a line is zero (0) then the line is a We can easily verify this by plugging in each of the
horizontal line. four choices to the equation 2y + 4x = -6:

If the slope of a line is undefined, then the line is a A. (-2, 1) 2(1) + 4(-2) = -6?
vertical line. 2 – 8 = -6 Yes!

B. (3, -9) 2(-9) + 4(3) = -6?

-18 + 12 = -6 Yes!

C. (-1, -1) 2(-1) + 4(-1) = -6?

-2 – 4 = -6 Yes!

D. (2, -1)2(-1) + 4(2) = -6?

-2 + 8 = -6No!

The answer is D.

64. Which of the following is NOT true for the

equation 2y – 6x = 4
Image from A. Its slope is –3.
B. The line y = 3x + 2 coincides with it.
The answer is B. C. It passes through (–2, –4).
D. It is perpendicular to 6y + 2x = 5

62. The line y = –3x + 5 intercepts the y-axis at Let is inspect each of the choices:
the point:
3 A. A line whose equation is in the form Ax + By =
A. (0, 5) C. (0,  ) C has a slope m = –A/B. The equation 2y – 6x =
5
4 when rearranged is also -6x + 2y = 4. Thus A =
B. (0, –3) D. (–3, 0)
-6 and B = 2, and m = -(-6)/2 = 3  -3. A is NOT
true.
To get the y-intercept, equate x to 0:
B. When the equation 2y – 6x = 4 is transformed to y
y = -3x + = mx + b, we’ll get 2y = 6x + 4 or y = 3x + 2
5 y = -3(0)
+5 C. If we replace x by -2 and y by -4 to the equation
y=0+5 2y – 6x = 4, we’ll get -8 + 12 = 4, which is a
y=5 TRUE equation. Thus, the line passes through (-
2, -4)
Thus, the y-intercept is (0, 5) D. Based on choice A, the slope of the line is m = 3.
On the other hand, the slope of6y + 2x = 5 is m’ =
- 2/6 = -1/3, which is the negative reciprocal of 3.
It is said that if the slopes of 2 lines are negative
reciprocals of each other, then the lines are
perpendicular.

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW
65. Which of the following is the equation of the 67. Which of the following is TRUE for the given
line that has a slope of 2
and passes graph?
3 A. The slope of the line is positive.
through the point (4, –2)? B. The slope of the line is negative.
A. 3y – 2x = –2 C. 3y – 2x = –14 C. The line has a zero slope.
B. 2x – 3y = 2 D. 4x – 2y = 6 D. The line has no slope.

Using Point-Slope form of a Linear Equation, As illustrated in item #61,

where x1 = 4, and y1 = -2, and m = 2/3, we have L1

y   2   2  x  4 
3
y  2  2 x  4
3
Multiplying both sides by 3:
3y + 6 = 2(x – 4)
3y + 6 = 2x - 8
Transposing 2x and 6:
3y – 2x = -8 – 6
3y – 2x = -14
The answer is C. The answer is B.
68. In the given xy-coordinate plane, line
contains the points (0,0) and (1,2). If line p
66. What is the equation of the line that passes (not shown) contains the point (0,0) and
through the points (3, –1) and (–5, –5)? is
A. –6y – x = 5 C. 4y – x = –5 perpendicular to , what is an equation of p?
B. 4y – 3x = 5 D. 2y – x = –5 1
A. y  x  1
2
Using Two-Point form of a Linear Equation, 1
B. y   x
2
C. y   2 x
D. y   x  2
where x1 = 3, y1 = -1, x2 = -5 and y2 = -5, we have
y   1   5   1  x  3
53
y  1   4 x  3
8
y  1  1 x  3
2
Multiplying both sides by 2:
2y + 2 = x – 3

Transposing x and 2:
2y – x = -3 – 2

2y - x = -5

The answer is D.

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW
The slope of a line given its two points is given by:
m  y 2  y1
x 2  x1
is
Thus, the slope of line
m202
10
Line p, since it is perpendicular to, has a slope equal to m’ = -1/m or - ½. And since the point (0, 0) is a point on
write the equation of p:

where x1 = 0, and y1 = 0, and m = -½ , we have

y  0   1 x  0
2
y1x
2
The answer is B.

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REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
INC. REVIEW

69. Which of the following lines does not 70. Which of the following points is a
intersect y = 5x + 2? solution set of the inequality 2y + 3x > –1
A. 3x + y = 17 C. 10x – y = 1 A. (–1, –2) C. (1, –1)
B. –2x + 5y = –6 D. 5x – y = –28 B. (–3, 4) D. (3, –5)

Parallel lines are lines that do NOT intersect. Their slopes are the same.The
Thebest
lineway
y =is5xto+test
2 iseach point
in the formif yit =satisfies
mx + b, where m is the sl
the inequality:
We now look for the line among the choices with the same slope m = 5.
A. (-1, -2): 2(-2) + 3(-1) = -7 < -1 No!

B. (-3, 4): 2(4) + 3(-3) = -1 = -1 No!

C. (1, -1): 2(-1) + 3(1) = 1 > -1 Yes!

A. 3x + y = 17 m = -3/1 = -3  5No!
D. (3, -5): 2(-5) + 3(3) = -1 = -1 No!
B. -2x + 5y = -6m = -(-2)/5 = 2/5  5 No!
C. 10x – y = 1m = -10/-1 = 10  5 No!
The answer is C.

D. 5x – y = 28 m = -5/-1 = 5 Yes!
ALGEBRA TIP: Slope-Intercept Formula

y = mx + b

where m = slope and b = y-intercept

Strategy:

First, identify the slope and the y-intercept.

Then, locate the y-intercept on the y-axis.

Graph another point by using the slope's numerator and d

Finally, connect the two points to create the graph.

Image from

The answer is D.

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CHAPTER 8: Word Problems (Part 1)

71. How much gas will be used up by a car that 74. A bus ride costs Php8.00 for the first four
travels 32.5 kilometers if it consumes 14 L kilometers and Php1.20 for each additional
when it travels 182 kilometers? kilometer or a fraction of a kilometer. How
A. 1.5 L C. 2.7 L much would a passenger pay if he had a 9
B. 2.5 L D. 78.4 L ½ km-ride?
A. Php14.60 C. Php17.80
This is a ratio and proportion problem: B. Php15.20 D. Php19.40

= The 9 ½ km-ride is 5 ½ km in excess to 4 km. Since

.
Solving for x: Php1.20 shall be added to the minimum fare of
= .× Php8.00 for every km or a fraction of a km in
Since 182 = 14 x 13, excess to 4 km, Php1.20 shall be multiplied to 6
= (not 5 ½ ):
The answer is B. .
=.
Total fare = 8.00 + (1.20)(6) = 8.00 + 7.20 = 15.20

72. If Mike can buy two apples for one pear and 75. If m kilograms of sugar is mixed with n
two pears for one peach, and if one peach is kilograms of water, then the percent of
equal to eight bananas, how many bananas sugar in the mixture is:
will Mike receive for one apple? A. 100 C. m n
A. 1 C. 4 mm 100 m
B. 2 D. 8 n D. 100 m  n
m m
B.
Solution: mn
number of bananas =
× % = ×
×

×
% = × =
+ +
= 2 bananas
The answer is B.
The answer is A.

73. Al is twice as old as Fred. The sum of their 76. At 7:00 am, a building casts a shadow that is
ages is five times Fred’s age less 48. How 165 feet long. At the same instance, a 1-foot
old is Fred? ruler casts a shadow 2.4 feet long. How tall is
A. 19 C. 35 the building?
B. 24 D. 48 A. 68.75 ft C. 162.6 ft
Let x be Fred’s age. B. 72.25 ft D. 396 ft

Thus, 2x = Al’s age

x + 2x = 5x – 48 3x = 5x – 48
48 = 5x – 3x
48 = 2x
x = 24

The answer is B.

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 This is a ratio and proportion problem:

Let x be the height of the building.

=
.
Solving for x:
= ×
=.
The answer is A. .

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77. A rectangular lot has a length that is 3 79. An inlet pipe can fill a certain swimming pool
meters less than two times its width. If its in 8 hours. The same pool can be filled up by
perimeter is 66 meters, what is the length of a larger inlet pipe in 6 hours. How long will it
the lot? take to fill up the pool if both pipes were
A. 12 m C. 24 m opened at the same time?
B. 21 m D. 42 m 3
3
A. 2 hours C. hours
7
Let L be the length and W be the width of the 7
B. hours D. 14 hours
rectangular lot. 24

L = 2W – 3

The perimeter P is given by the formula:

P = 2(L + W)

Substituting the values of P and L, we have

66 = 2(2W – 3 + W)
66 = 2(3W – 3)
33 = 3(W – 1)
11 = W – 1
W = 12
L = 2(12) – 3 = 24 – 3 = 21m
80. A boat travels 40 kph in still water. It takes
the same time for the boat to travel 15
The answer is B.
kilometers upstream as to travel 25
kilometers downstream. What is the speed of
78. The population of San Pablo, the largest city the current of the river?
in Laguna, is 50 percent of the rest of the A. 10 kph C. 25 kph
population of Laguna. The population of San B. 15 kph D. 40 kph
Pablo is what percent of the entire
Let x be the speed of the river current.
population of Laguna?
1
A. 20% C. 33 %
3 Speed Distance Time
B. 25% D. 50% Upstream 40 – x 15 15/(40 – x)
Downstream 40 + x 25 25/(40 + x)
Let the population of Laguna be 100%. Let x be the population of San Pablo.
The population of the rest of Laguna is 100 – x. 15/(40 – x) = 25/(40 + x)
600 + 15x = 1000 – 25x
x = 0.50(100 – x) = 50 – 0.50x x + 0.50x = 50 15x + 25x = 1000 – 600
1.5x = 50 40x = 400
x = 10 kph
The answer is A.

= = % ALGEBRA TIP: Re-read the question as many times as you need t

The answer is C.

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CHAPTER 9: Word Problems (Part 2)

81. A fifty-question test is worth 1000 points. If 84. A boat is floating on still water. Its anchor is
a student scores 800 points, how many hanging on its side and is 1.5 meters from
questions did he miss? the surface of the water. During high tide,
A. 10 C. 40 the water level rises by 0.4 meters. What is
B. 20 D. 200 the anchor’s distance from the surface of the
water at this time?
82. A The
scoremeasure
of 800 means theangle
of an studentisgot 80%
four of theits
times A. 0.4 m C. 1.5 m
perfect score (which is 1000).
complement. What is the measure of the B. 1.1 m D. 1.9 m
angle? This is a trick question. When the water level rises, the boat will
Thus,
A. he18answered 80% of theC.5022.5
questions
correctly.
B. 36 D. 72
80% of 50 = 0.80(50) = 40
Let x be the measure of the complement.
That means he missed 50 – 40 = 10 questions.
Thus the measure of the angle in question = 4x.
The answer is A.
Since x and 4x are complementary, their sum is

90:

x + 4x =
90 5x = 90
x = 18 Image from
83. Ivan is 14 years older than Kate. In ten
The answer is C.
years, he will be twice as old as Kate. How
old is Kate now?
A. 4 C. 8
B. 6 D. 12

Let x be Kate’s present age.

85. A train leaves the train station at 10:00 AM
traveling 100 mph due west. Another train
leaves another station along the track
traveling the opposite direction. If the
In 10 years, Ivan is twice as old as Kate: trains meet at 12:00 NN and traveled a total
x + 14 + 10 = 2(x + 10) x + 24 = 2x + 20 of 300 miles, what is the speed of the other
24 – 20 = 2x – x train?
4=x A. 50 mph C. 100 mph
The answer is A. B. 75 mph D. 150 mph
Let x be the speed of the other train. Let us illustrate the problem:

Now In 10 years
Ivan x + 14 x + 14 + 10
Kate x x + 10

Since speed = distance  time

(x + 100) mi/hr = 300 mi  2 hrs x + 100 = 150
x = 50 mi/hr
The answer is A.

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86. Mr. Colayco has Php35,000. He invested a 88. If 500 chickens can consume 10 sacks of
part of it at 10% interest and the other part at feeds in 3 days, how long will the same
12%. After a year, he earned a total of amount of feeds last if there are only 200
Php3,900 in interest. How much did he chickens?
invest at 12%? 1
A.
7 days C. 75 days
A. Php12,000 C. Php20,000 2
B. Php15,000 D. Php23,000 1
B.
1 days D. 25days
5
Let us tabulate the information given in the problem:
Given the same amount of feeds, the number of
10% interest 12% interest chickens is inversely proportional to the number
Investment 35,000 – x x of days the feeds will last. Let x be the number of
days the feeds will last if there are only 200
Interest 0.10(35,000 – x) 0.12x chickens.
Thus, 200x = 500(3)  200x = 1,500
Since the total interest earned is Php3,900,  x = 1,500/200 = 7 ½ days.
89. Jonathan and Jake can finish a project in 3
0.10(35,000 – x) + 0.12x = 3,900 hours. If Jonathan alone can finish the same
3,500 – 0.10x + 0.12x = 3,900 project in 8 hours, how long will it take Jake
0.02x = 3,900 – 3,500 to finish it if he works alone?
A.
11 4
0.02x = 400 hour C. 4 hours
24 5
x = Php20,000 2
B. 2 hours D. 5 hours
11
The answer is C. Let x be the number of hours it will take Jake to finish the project
+=
87. A cubic box, X, has sides of length n. Multiplying both sides by LCD = 24x,
Another cubic box, Y, has sides of length 2n. 24 + 3x = 8x  24 = 8x – 3x  24 = 5x
How many boxes X could fit into a single box ==
Y? The answer is C.
A. 2 C. 8
B. 4 D. 16

To get the number of boxes X that could fit to a single box Y, all we have to do is divide the volume of box Y to the volume of box X:
90. A bag in a department store is on sale at
30% discount. When bought with a coat, the
total price of the two items is Php 4,300.
Box What is the price of the coat if the total price
X Volume of Box X = n3 of the coat and the bag before the sale is
n Php 5,200?
A. Php1,100 C. Php 3,640
B. Php2,200 D. Php3,900

Volume of Box Y = (2n)3 = 8n3 Let x be the price of the coat.

Box Y Thus, the price of the bag before sale is 5,200 –
x. During the sale, the price of the bag and the
coat is:
2n CHAPTER 10:
x + (0.7)(5,200 – x) =
Conic
4,300 x + 3,640 – 0.7x =
4,300 0.3x = 4,300 –
. = = = 3,640
0.3x = 660
x = Php2,200
The answer is C.

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CHAPTER 10: Conic Sections

91. What is the radius of the circle with the 93. An ellipse has the equation
equation x2 + y2 = 25
x  y 
A. 5 C. 25   1. What is its center?
4 2
2 2

16 9
B. 5 D. 625 A. (–4, 2) C. (16, 9)
The Equation of a Circle B. (4, –2) D. (4, 3)
An ellipse with center (h, k) and a horizontal major axis has equ
The circle with radius r and with center at the origin has this equation:

Image from

Since the equation of the given circle is x2 + y2 = 25, the radius, r, is

r 25  5
Image from
The answer is A.
Thus, the center of an ellipse whose equation is
x  42  y  22 
1
16 9 ,
is (4, -2). That is h = 4 and k = -2.
92. Which of the following is the equation of the
circle that has a center at the origin and a The answer is B.
radius of 6
A. x2 + y2 = 6 C. 6x2 + 6y2 = 36
2 2
B. x + y = 36 D. x2 + y2 = 3

Since the r = 6, and the center is at the origin, the

equation of the circle is:

x2 + y2 = 62

or ALGEBRA TIP: The single key to understanding algebra

and being able to work out the answer is the ability to
x2 + y2 = 36
manipulateorREARRANGE AN ALGEBRAIC
EQUATION.
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a ganswer is B.
 REVIEW MASTERS LEAGUE, MATH
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94. What is the vertex of the parabola with the

95. The equation x2 + 3y = 5 is a:
equation y  1 x 2  2 ? A. circle C. ellipse
3 B. hyperbola D. parabola
A. (0, 2) C.
1 
 ,2  If x² and y² both have the same coefficients like x²
3  + y² or 4x² + 4y², then it is a circle.
B. (–2, 0) D. (3, –2)
If x² and y² have different coefficients that have
The vertex of a parabola is the point where the parabola crosses its axis.the
If same
the coefficient
sign, likeof the+ x2
9x² term
16y², orisx²positive, the vertex will be t
+ 25y², then
it is an ellipse.

If x² and y² have different signs, like 36x² - 4y², or

25y² - x², then it is a hyperbola.

If the equation has either x² or y², but not both,

then it is a parabola as in the case of x2 + 3y = 5.

The answer is D.

96. Which of the following equations is

an ellipse?

A. x2 + y2 + 4y = 12 C. 3x2 +y2 – 6x + 6y = 15
B. x – 4y + 4x – 8y = 18 D. x2 + 5y = 12
2 2

Using the strategy from the previous item, since

we are looking for an equation of an ellipse, we
choose the one with x² and y² having different
coefficients but having the same sign. Among
ALGEBRA
the choices,TIP:
it isGiven the equation of a conic section, this is the seq

3x2 +y
Are both variables 2
– 6x + 6y = 15
squared?
No: It's a parabola.
Image from Yes: Go to the next test....
The standard equation of a parabola is Do the squared terms have opposite signs?
y = ax2 + bx + c Yes: It's a hyperbola.
No: Go to the next test....
But the equation for a parabola can also be written in
"vertex form": Are the squared terms multiplied by the same number?
y = a(x – h)2 + k Yes: It's a circle.
No: It's an ellipse.
In this equation, the vertex of the parabola is the point (h, k).

The parabola
y 1x2 2
3
in vertex form is

y  1  x  0 2  2
3
Thus, h = 0 and k = 2. The vertex is the point (0, 2).

The answer is A.
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97. What is the center of the hyperbola with the 98. Find the standard form of the circle with the
equation x2 – 4y2 = 16 equation x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y = 8
A. (0, 0) C. (–1, 4)
B. (1, –4) D. (–4, 4) A. (x + 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 25 C. (x – 1)2 + (y – 4)2 = 8
The equations of hyperbola with center at the origin B. (x + 1)2 + (y – 4)2 = 16 D. (x + 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 8
are presented below:
To get the standard form of a circle

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

we need to use Completing the Square Method:

x2 + y2+ 2x + 8y=

8 x2 + 2x + y2+

8y= 8

(x2 + 2x + 1) +( y2+ 8y + 16) = 8 + 1 + 16

(x + 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 25

99. Find the center of the ellipse with the

equation x2 + 2y2 – 4x + 8y = 20
A. (2, 2) C. (4, –8)
B. (2, –2) D. (–4, 8)

We need to transform the given equation of the ellipse to

We will also use Completing the Square Method:

x2 + 2y2- 4x + 8y= 20 x2 - 4x + 2y2+ 8y= 20

(x2 - 4x + 4) + 2(y2+ 4y + 4) = 20 + 4 + 8
Image from
(x - 2)2 + 2(y + 2)2 = 32
The equation given  x  2  2 y  2  2
x2 – 4y2 = 16

when divided by 16 results to:  1

32 16
x 2 y 2
1 Thus, h = 2 and k = -2, The center is at (2, -2).
164
The equation is patterned from that of a hyperbola with a horizontal transverse axisis and
The answer B. a center at (0, 0).

The answer is A.

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100. What is the equation of the circle with

center (2, –3) and passes through the point
(5, 1)?

A. (x – 5)2 +(y – 1)2 = 5 C. (x + 5)2 +(y + 1)2 = 5

B. (x – 2)2 +(y + 3)2 = 5 D. (x – 2)2 +(y + 3)2 = 25

We need to get the value of r2 first using the standard form:

( −) + ( − ) =

where x = 5 , y = 1, h = 2 and k = -3:

(−)+(−−)=

+=

+ =

Thus, the equation of the circle is:

(−)+(+)=

The answer is D.

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