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Understanding Color Models and Theory

Color is defined by the visual system's coding of light spectral content. Color interaction involves the mixing of pigments and their absorption spectra, while color composition is based on additive (RGB) and subtractive (CMY) models. The CIE standard established in 1931 classifies colors using three numbers and represents them in a 3D space, addressing limitations in color matching functions.

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Laura Salido
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48 views2 pages

Understanding Color Models and Theory

Color is defined by the visual system's coding of light spectral content. Color interaction involves the mixing of pigments and their absorption spectra, while color composition is based on additive (RGB) and subtractive (CMY) models. The CIE standard established in 1931 classifies colors using three numbers and represents them in a 3D space, addressing limitations in color matching functions.

Uploaded by

Laura Salido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COLOR

WHAT IS COLOR:
The color of a light source can be defined as the coding by our visual system of the light
spectral content.

COLOR INTERACTION
A mixture of pigments covering an object can exploit metamerism and compose different
colors.
Pigments interact by composing their absorption spectra, with a negative logic in respect to the
diffused light.

COLOR COMPOSITION
Positive and negative color composition define color models based on three primary colors.
The additive model is called RGB model, from the primary colors Red,Green and Blue and is
used in CRT amd light emitting displays.
The subtractive model is called CMY model, from cyan, Magenta and yellow, and is used for
printers and paints.
Both models support the idea that a set of just three parameters or tristimulus could define the
entire set of colors to be represented in a color space.

COLOR PSYCHOPHYSICS
COLOR THEORY
The fundamentals of the human color vision theory is the
so-called TRICHROMATIC PARADIGM.
This theory suggests that a combination of three channels
explain color discrimination functions.
This theory can be illustrated on the Newton’s Color Circle,
consisting of the following components:
-A circle representing the spectral colors
-A triangle whose vertices represents the three primary
colors used to make color matches
-The center of the circle representing white

CIE STANDARD
In 1931 CIE established a standard for classifying colors on the basis of three numbers:
r(lamda),g(lamda),b(lamda).
This color matching functions are not capable to represent a color model for all spectral colors
due to negative intensities do not have a physical meaning.
Then they defined a 3D space in which all spectral colors are represented.

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