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1 mm = _______
03 m
1 cm = 102 m
.
1 km = _______
103 m
B Time
1 The SI unit of time is _______________,
Secomd written as __________.
s
1 ms = _______
30 s 3
Checkpoint 1
Convert the units of the following lengths and times. 標量 向量
SGal & Veator
direction 向 x v
Vector : [t 3 forward 向前
E ) bac{ Ward
-
同後
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 1
力
方
。
一
一
① lagmitude )值
距離 位 ”
② Biectionr 向
(a) Displacement
=
(有 向 只睇頭尾直線長度 ]
=
and ____________)
divectio的
(b) Distance
the length of the ________
path travelled along
start
a scalar quantity (with ___________ only)
magmrtude
e.g. 347 m
Checkpoint 2 →
The figure below show the paths travelled by an object. Draw the displacement vector and
“
總位
final position 向
displacenremt
的 向可
.
-
1m N ” 入
∝
…
. }
imita fimanl
踱 Bositiom
BosTtiom
lengtm
3m
=
3m ~
θ
initial position
Solution
By Pythagoras’ theorem,
1m
magnitude of the displacement
—
3m
= +< 3+ 1 ] ^= 5 cm
3m
Using trigonometric ratio to find the direction of the displacement:
tan = 章
= 36 . 90
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 2
〈
大
方
大
、
方
小
一
心
水
小
高
方
白
Checkpoint 3
A car travels 150 m due south. Then it travels 220 m
due west and finally travels 50 m due north.
(a) Find the total distance travelled by the car.
“
(b) Find the total displacement.
2
→ 向
Solution
(a) Total distance travelled = 42Om
(b) In the figure below, sketch the path of the car and label the distance in each part of it.
Hence sketch the displacement vector.
w E
,
initial position
150
^
“
☆ 忌
I2 O
By Pythagoras’ theorem,
magnitude of the displacement = 2z 0=+ c 1 ☆ 5 o
}
42 m
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 3
二
」
一
、
方
大
distam吧
speed ≈
ime
速尋 速度
2 Speed is a _______________
Slalar quantity (with magnitude only).
Checkpoint 4
Convert the units of the following speeds.
110 km m
(a) 110 km h1 = 110
m s1
× 100
= = __________
予 6 0 .
1h 60 元 6
s
(示, 6]
B Velocity
1 Velocity = ___________________
displacement
谁弱
per unit time velooity =
displacematme sm
2 Velocity is a _______________
vector quantity (with both magnitude and direction).
e.g. 15 m s1 due east
瞬時 速率 遭 某 彦
Instantaneous speed = speed at any instant
瞬時 速度 速度 某 刻
Instantaneous velocity = velocity at any instant
total displaceme nt
Average velocity =
total time of travel
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 4
、
目
一
方
方
Checkpoint 5
Johnny starts walking towards the east from A at time t = 0. He first walks at a constant
speed of 5 km h1 for 1 h to reach B, and then walks at a constant speed of 3 km h1 for 2 h
to reach C.
east
A 5 km h1 B
C
3 km h1
Checkpoint 6 8mls
t : zi 5 s
]
velocity from t = 0 to t = 10 s. t = lOS
Solution 燕
(a) The instantaneous velocities at t = 2.5 s and t = 7.5 s have the same / different
magnitudes but the same / different directions.
oPBOSite
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 5
「
子
」巾
己
。。
一
一冖
一
Checkpoint 7
Paul drives at 50 km h1 due south for 30 min and then at 30 km h1 due east for 20 min.
Find the average speed and the average velocity during the journey.
Solution
Sketch the path of the journey in the space below.
N
嘴 l E
initial position
d it
= >
Q
惕
l
50 km 的 displacement
-
3Omins
之
☆
30 kmh ^ .
30 mim
8333 houn1 陪
3]
= 0
Avenage Speed of
=
= 4 kmih
4am θ= 5
v = 笔
=
① 27 80.
l
= 323 km n -
=
The av 的 " SII S E coso
erage velocity
:, is 多2 出
. km .
0
so
2 Note that
加速度 5 L
D Acceleration (a ) (m 533
}
每 秒鐘速度的改變
1 Acceleration = ________________________
ahamge in veloqity per unit time ( 然, 慢哇
2 Acceleration is a _______________
vector quantity (with both magnitude and direction).
未刺主度初 速落
total time of travel
a= 哇 H = 1 O 以 Ts
+
}
V= O
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS _a
6 減速
t= 0 t= l 0
a= 笔
加速度
同 0
些 -
G :
運動 l
相厄 G =
Ass2
-
〈
二
月
一
一
一
行
行
二
方
面
5 Acceleration is not zero when any of the following occurs:
! ① 速率
ed 饮
向 directiom 改
e.g. speeding up or slowing down ②
① a 變得越與越少
(b) Change in _______________________
direction es . a = { ms 2 七 1 m
2
凸速得少哇 # 減速
e.g. turning a corner with a constant speed ② G 之 O
不 定是減遣
Checkpoint 8
A leopard sees a goat and runs towards it along a
UZO
Solution
Magnitude of average acceleration
total change in velocit y
= t = 2s M= O V = 20 km / h G= ?
total time of travel V = yokm { m
19 44升
. m ☆
+
a =
苦
☆
v= 19144年 M 13
9 , 444
^π→ 的
= 0
∞ -
:
]
2
=
9 ,72 ms
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 7
马
方
。二
二
一
1.4 Motion along a straight line
1 When the motion along a straight line is considered, the direction of a vector can be
Checkpoint 9
Janice starts walking from A at time t = 0. She first walks 20 m towards the east in 10 s to
reach B, and then walks 24 m towards the east in 8 s to reach C. Finally she walks at a
constant speed of 1 m s1 to go back to B.
east
1 m s1
A 20 m B 24 m C
(a) Take the direction towards the east as positive. Find the displacement, time of travel and
velocity in each part of the journey. Complete the table below with appropriate steps.
From B to C
From C to B
Whole journey
(b) If the direction towards the west is taken as positive, the ________________ and
__________________ in (a) will change their signs while the ________________ will
remain unchanged.
Checkpoint 10
A ball is thrown upwards and then drops back to
speed
the ground. The figure shows the path of the ball. B
speed = 8 m s1
A
The ball first passes A at 12 m s1 and then passes = 12 m s1
B at 8 m s1 after 2 s. Find the average
acceleration of the ball from A to B.
Solution
Take the upward direction as positive.
Average acceleration =
The average acceleration of the ball from A to B is _________________________.
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 8
Checkpoint 11
A car travels along a straight road as shown. Take the direction to the right as positive.
v = 2 m s1
a = +1 m s2
The car has a uniform acceleration of +1 m s2. It has a velocity of 2 m s1 at the moment
shown. Describe the subsequent motion of the car.
Solution
The car is moving to the left / right at the moment shown. It speeds up / slows down and
finally travels in the _______________ direction.
2 Note that
When a is +ve, the object must be / may not be moving towards the +ve direction.
When a and v have the same sign, the object is speeding up / slowing down.
When a and v have have opposite signs, the object is speeding up / slowing down.
SLCSS_PHYS_FORCE_CH1_WS 9