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تجارة
القسم النظري
ر
المحاضة 1
Electronic Commerce
Lecture1: Introduction to E-Commerce
https://www.odoo.com/app/ecommerce
https://www.odoo.com/website-builder-showcase
The History of
Electronic Commerce
• 1970s - Pre-Internet Era:
• The concept of electronic commerce can be traced back to the development of electronic data interchange (EDI) in the
1970s. EDI enabled businesses to exchange business documents, such as purchase orders and invoices, electronically.
• 1980s - Early Experiments:
• In the 1980s, businesses began experimenting with online transactions. Notably, platforms like Compuserve and Minitel in
France provided electronic ordering systems.
• 1990 - Emergence of the World Wide Web:
• The World Wide Web became publicly accessible in 1991, marking a crucial development for e-commerce. Tim Berners-Lee's
invention laid the foundation for the creation of websites and online platforms.
• 1994 - First Online Purchase:
• The first known online retail transaction took place in 1994 when a man named Dan Kohn sold a Sting CD to a friend through
the NetMarket platform.
• 1995 - Rise of Amazon and eBay:
• Amazon.com was founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994 but officially launched in 1995 as an online bookstore. eBay, initially known
as AuctionWeb, also started in 1995, allowing individuals to auction and sell items online.
The History of
Electronic Commerce
• 1995-2000 - Dot-com Boom:
• The late 1990s saw the dot-com boom, characterized by a surge in internet-related investments. Many e-
commerce startups emerged, with a focus on various industries, leading to rapid growth.
• 1998 - PayPal Launch:
• PayPal was founded in 1998, providing a secure online payment system that played a crucial role in
facilitating e-commerce transactions.
• Early 2000s - Dot-com Bust:
• The dot-com bubble burst in the early 2000s, leading to the collapse of many e-commerce companies.
However, it also marked a period of consolidation and learning for the industry.
• 2000s - E-commerce Maturity:
• During the 2000s, e-commerce matured as businesses adapted to the lessons learned from the dot-com era.
Major retailers established online presences, and consumers became more comfortable with online
shopping.
The History of
Electronic Commerce
• 2005 - Introduction of YouTube and Web 2.0:
• The advent of Web 2.0 technologies and the rise of social media platforms like YouTube contributed to the growth of e-
commerce. Businesses started utilizing these platforms for marketing and customer engagement.
• 2010s - Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce) and Omnichannel:
• The 2010s saw the proliferation of smartphones, leading to the rise of mobile commerce. E-commerce platforms began
optimizing their websites for mobile devices. Additionally, the concept of omnichannel retailing emerged, integrating online
and offline shopping experiences.
• 2020s - Acceleration Amidst Global Events:
• The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 accelerated the shift towards e-commerce, as lockdowns and social distancing measures
prompted a surge in online shopping. This period highlighted the resilience and adaptability of e-commerce businesses.
• Blockchain and Cryptocurrency Integration:
• In recent years, there has been growing interest in integrating blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies into e-commerce
platforms to enhance security, transparency, and payment options
Elements of E-Commerce
• System of transferring money from one bank account directly to another without any
paper money changing hands
• Developed by the Data Interchange Standards Association and uses ANSI X12
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Benefits of E-Commerce
• Benefits to organizations
• Benefits to consumers
Benefits to organizations
• Global Reach.
• Increased Sales and Revenue.
• Cost Savings.
• Enhanced Customer Insights: E-commerce platforms generate valuable data and
analytics that provide organizations with insights into customer behavior,
preferences, and buying patterns. This information can be leveraged to make data-
driven decisions, personalize marketing campaigns, and improve products or
services.
• Competitive Advantage.
• Scalability and Flexibility.
Benefits to consumers
• Wider Selection: Consumers have access to a vast range of products and services from various sellers and
brands globally.
• Competitive Pricing
• User Reviews and Ratings
• Time Efficiency
• Personalization: E-commerce platforms can offer personalized recommendations based on consumer
preferences and purchase history.
• Accessibility
• Easy Product Research
• 24/7 Availability:
• Easy Returns and Refunds
• Environmental Impact
• Subscription Services
• Discreet Shopping