COMPROG REVIEWER

What is Java? Example:

Java is a popular programming language, created in 1995. System.out.println("Hello World!");

It is owned by Oracle, and more than 3 billion devices run Java. System.out.println("I am learning Java.");

It is used for: System.out.println("It is awesome!");

- Mobile applications (especially Android apps) Note: When you are working with text, it must be wrapped inside double quotations
marks "".
- Desktop applications
Print Numbers
- Web applications
You can also use the println() method to print numbers.
- Web servers and application servers
However, unlike text, we don't put numbers inside double quotes:
- Games
Example
- Database connection
System.out.println(3);
Why Use Java?
System.out.println(358);
- Java works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc.)
System.out.println(50000);
- It is one of the most popular programming languages in the world
Java Comments
- It has a large demand in the current job market
Comments can be used to explain Java code, and to make it more readable. It can also
- It is easy to learn and simple to use be used to prevent execution when testing alternative code.

- It is open-source and free Single-line Comments

- It is secure, fast and powerful Single-line comments start with two forward slashes (//).

- It has huge community support (tens of millions of developers) Any text between // and the end of the line is ignored by Java (will not be executed).

- Java is an object oriented language which gives a clear structure to programs This example uses a single-line comment before a line of code:

and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs // This is a comment

- As Java is close to C++ and C#, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to System.out.println("Hello World");

Java or vice versa. Java Multi-line Comments

Java Syntax Multi-line comments start with /* and ends with */.

public class Main { Any text between /* and */ will be ignored by Java.

public static void main(String[] args) { This example uses a multi-line comment (a comment block) to explain the code:

System.out.println("Hello World"); /* The code below will print the words Hello World

} to the screen, and it is amazing */

} System.out.println("Hello World");

Example explained Java Variables

Every line of code that runs in Java must be inside a class. In our example, In Java, there are different types of variables, for example:

we named the class Main. A class should always start with an uppercase first letter. String - stores text, such as "Hello". String values are surrounded by double quotes

Note: Java is case-sensitive: "MyClass" and "myclass" has different meaning. int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123

The name of the java file must match the class name. float - stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99

Note: The curly braces {} marks the beginning and the end of a block of code. char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'. Char values are surrounded by single
quotes
- System is a built-in Java class that contains useful members, such as out, which is
boolean - stores values with two states: true or false
short for "output". The println() method, short for "print line", is used to print a value
Example:
to the screen (or a file).
int myNum = 5;
- Don't worry too much about System, out and println(). Just know that you need them
float myFloatNum = 5.99f;
together to print stuff to the screen.
char myLetter = 'D';
- You should also note that each code statement must end with a semicolon (;).
boolean myBool = true;
Print text:
String myText = "Hello";
You can add as many println() methods as you want. Note that it will add a new line for
each method:
1. LITERACY- capacity to comprehend, interpret, and communicate through written and 1. Reliability of information- determined by its ability to be verified and evaluated, and
printed materials, enabling individuals to achieve goals, develop knowledge, and fully can also be assessed by assessing the trustworthiness of the source.
participate in their community.
2. Accuracy of information- refers to the report's closeness to actual data, measured
2. MEDIA- refers to physical objects used for communication, including radio, television, based on the type of information evaluated, such as financial data accuracy
computers, and films, and is used for mass communication and message transmission.
3. Value of information- information is considered valuable if it assists users in making or
3. MEDIA LITERACY- empowers citizens by providing them with the knowledge and skills improving decisions.
to engage with traditional media and new technologies.
4. Authority of the source- The authority of secondary sources, such as writers and
4. INFORMATION- it is a data knowledge derived from study, experience instruction, reporters, is crucial in providing reliable information on a subject matter.
signals or symbols.
5. Timeliness- is crucial in ensuring reliability and accuracy in information, as it can be
5. INFORMATION LITERACY- refers to the capacity to identify when information is influenced by factors such as production time and historical context.
required, locate, evaluate, and communicate it in its various formats.
GENRE
6. TECHNOLOGY LITERACY- refers to an individual's ability to responsibly and effectively • French word meaning "lend or class."
use technological tools for access, management, integration, evaluation, creation, and • Originates from Latin word 'genius'.
communication of information. • Defines subcategories of things.
• Constitutes content conventions and distinctive style.
7. MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY- includes crucial skills and competencies for
effective engagement with media and information providers, critical thinking, and PRIMARY GENRES THAT MEDIA CREATRS AND PRODUCERS INVOKE ARE THE FF:
lifelong learning.
1. News
.edu- Educational institution. 2. Information
3. Education
4. Entertainment
.com- Mostly commercial entities, some of which are profit oriented.
5. Advertising
.org- Non-profit organizations.
NEWS

.gov- Government organizations.

- These are stories that have critical importance to community and national life. It has
basic structure of beginning, middle, and end.
.net- Internet service providers. - The journalist, people trained to report news to an audience are expected to be
objective comprehensive, and bias-free.
Sources of Information
VARIOUS SUB-GENRES IN DELIVERING NEWS. FIVE MAJOR DIVISION OF NEWS STORIES
A. Popular Publications- including journalistic articles, feature articles, manuals, flyers,
fact sheets, and blogs, serve as a means to inform and entertain the general public in 1. Hard or Straight News
print and non-print media. 2. Feature
3. Soft News
B. Scholarly Publications- primarily found in academic journals, are technical articles 4. Investigative News
published by specialists in a specific field, catering to those seeking research-based 5. Opinion/Editorial
information.
It is what is usually found in the first page of a newspaper or makes up the headline of a
C. Trade Publications- are specialized materials designed for specific industry players and regular episode of primetime news Hard news values type elements:
specialists, combining popular appeal with specialized knowledge to attract potential
consumers and users. 1. Seriousness
2. Timeliness
Indigenous Media
1. Seriousness- refers to addressing critical community and body politics issues, as well
- Also referred to INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE (IK). as developments in the political and economical arena.
- It is a knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society (Wamen 1991).
- A global expression of cultural preservation, artistic expression, political self- 2. Timeliness- stories that cover current events.
determination, and cultural sovereignty, is a crucial tool for indigenous communities
worldwide. Objectivity is usually fair balanced and impartial stance when retelling the events, free of
judgement and without interpretation.
Characteristics of Indigenous Media
TELEVISION NEWS REPORTING:
1. Practice of Oral Traditional Media
2. Information stored in memories of people HARD NEWS
3. Information is contained within the Border of the Community
By the virtue of camera, it sets new protocol It uses character generator-chargen and
LIBRARY eye level camera angle.

1. It is a building or room that contains a large collection of books and reference Journalists present soft news, including lifestyle, travel, and human interest stories,
materials. allowing them to relax and provide insights from ordinary people's perspectives.
2. Its main role is to organize and provide access to information.
3. Library come to existence because of the invention of printing press. - Extension of soft news in a sense that the human interest angle is played up.
- Presented in a linger and elaborate format Follow the beginning-middle and end
TYPES OF LIBRARY structure.
- Desire to take a more in-depth look at a topic and attempts to enange the reader using
1. Academic Library more colorful language.
2. Public Library - Journalist perspective is also acceptable.
3. School Library - Also known as literary journalism.
4. Special Library
EDITORIALS AND OPINIONS

Internet Source Opinion against hard news are reserved for editorial and opinion columns.

It is a global network of computers that allows users to share information (Shelley & - Usually found in at the least one page or made of two pages facing each other.
Campbell 2012). Commonly known as columns.
- Expresses individual or organizational point of view
Quality of Good Source of informaton
EDITORIAL CAN SERVE MANY PURPOSES
- Argue
-Act on the issue or respond to the clamor of the citizens
- To entertain, and sometimes employ parody to underscore s the misdemeanor of
individuals or entities

INVESTIGATIVE REPORTS

- Crucial in uncovering and reporting news that authorities may attempt to conceal.

- Tools used to expose wrongdoings, questionable transactions, or shady deals by those

in power, similar to standard news reporting.

- Journalist devote a great time on research and interviewing to in-depth their

resources.

ADVERSEMENT

Commercial advertising messages, often promoting a cause or product, are designed to

sell or advance a particular product or service.

THREE (3) SUB-GENRES OF ADVERTISEMENT

1. HARD SELL AD- commercially designed to effectively communicate explicit messages

to consumers, urging them to purchase or patronize the product or service.

2. SOFT SELL AD- a global brand that associates its products with happiness, courage,
and audacity, promoting a sense of belonging and belonging.

3. INFOMERCIAL- commercials that educate and sell products, often used by advocacy
groups to campaign on community or national issues.

- Derived from the French word entretenir which means to “to hold the attention, keep
busy or amused”.

- Creation and production of entertainment is always hinged on the profit-driven

motives of media institutions.

ENTERTAINMENT

- These cover roughly 80% of programs and 15% of space in a broadsheet.

- Turow (2009) identified four sub-genres.

1. Festival
2. Drama
3. Gaming
4. Comedy

INFORMATION

Information refers to the raw materials that circulate around us, including news, and
anything that provides us with data about the world.

SUB-GENRES OF INFORMATION

1. BLOGS/VLOGS
2. WIKIS

It refers to collection of written work with a heightened and artistic use of words may it
be fiction or nonfiction. Literature
Related literature can come and be taken different types of sources. Which of the
following sources include academic research and university research journals and
reputable organizations? Primary sources
The following are characteristics of a good material to be cited, except ONE Subjective
Since research is academic and scholarly the maternal should be fair and bias-free. The
statement pertains to: Objectivity
The review of related literature should bear essential information to deepen the e issues
and concepts of the research being conducted. Relevance
The number of related literatures that a review should have for senior high school
research is how many local and international publications. 4 to 6
A document that includes preliminary and basic Information about the research work
that you would like to do. Research Plan
Short presentation of basic concepts and information about the research topic.
Background
This part contains the expected outcome of the study. Assumptions
This section shows the variables or concepts that are involved in your paper. Working
Framework
This section contains the same concept but in simplified and detailed format in order for
you to plan things out even more systematically and productively. Timetable
Which of the following described materials can be included in a review? A news article in
1986 EDSA Revolution reported by CNN News in 2012
This approach in organizing the review puts emphasis on the timeline of development or
the year the materials were written. Chronological
In other format, the citation may include only the surname of the first author with the
word "et al." as an extension plus the publication year enclosed in parentheses. This
additional part means.... And others
Which is not a reason for accurate referencing in your literature review? Accurate
referencing helps the researchers who read your work to be alerted to source that might
be helpful for them.
Book with 1 author: Jenkins Henry Fans, bloggers, and gamers exploring participatory
cultures. New York: New York University Press, 2006. How will you write this following
the APA format to be included in the reference list? Jenkins (2006) Fars bloggers and
gamers: exploring participatory culture, New York. New University Press.
Newspaper Article: Tonka, David. Monks Buddhists bring message that happiness on the
road for peace: Tibetan internal event. The Blade September 13, 2008. p. 87. How will
you write this following the APA format tube included in the reference list? Yonke, D,
(2008, September 13). Morks on the road for peace: Tibetan Buddhists bring massage
How can you organize your literature review? All answers are correct
Which of the following approach best describe the organization of the given review of
related literature? By Topic
I. Only major findings and conclusions, concepts, hypotheses, and formulated theories
should be included in the review of related literature.
II. Never directly lifted or copied but summarized and synthesized. Both are incorrect
Enrollment management is "not just an organizational concept it is both a process and a
series of activities that involve the entire campus" (Hossler & Bean, 1990). The literature
review is organized by... Author
Bateman and Spruill (1995) found that enrollment management extends to the
educational outcomes of attendance. The review puts emphasis on the..... Topic
This characteristic pertains to maximizing the capacity and abilities of the researcher to
solve the research problem. Attainable
A research problem should be bound to what exist in the norm and practicality in terms
of the conduct of experimentations. Realistic
The major concern of these questions is to categorize, label, or name factors and
situations that exist or those that are present in the perimeter of the research work.
Factor-isolating
“What Innovative devices/equipment can be developed as alternative protective device
contagious diseases?” This question is to against an example of Factor-relating
"Is there a significant difference between the level of optimism of people in the
depressed areas before, during and after pandemic?". This question is an example of
Factor-isolating
Which of the following questions are situation-isolating? What is the effect of the
changes in the communities due to COVID-19 pandemic?
Which of the following statements is CORRECT? The specific question should not bear
only one clear meaning.
Which of the following statements DO NOT describe research problem? It is a problem
that needs immediate solution
Which is a set to principles to guide and assist researchers in deciding which goals are
most important and in reconciling conflicting values when conducting research?
Research Ethics
Also known as Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines. R.A. 8293
In 1998, Andrew Wakefield and others published a now-debunked paper claiming that
the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine causes autism in children. Later
investigations revealed that they fabricated and manipulated their data to show a
nonexistent link between vaccines and autism. Wakefield also neglected to disclose
important conflicts of interest, and his medical license was taken away. This fraudulent
work sparked vaccine hesitancy among parents and caregivers. The rate of MMR
vaccinations in children fell sharply, and measles outbreaks became more common due
to a lack of herd immunity. (Pritha, 2021). The situation shows...... Copyright
Which of the following best describes quantitative research method? Survey,
experiments and observations are examples of data collection instruments of this
method.
It is a collaborative and adaptive research design that focuses on socially and solution-
driven outcomes. Action Research
This is where you will demonstrate a critical analysts of papers you collected as well your
ability to integrate the results of your analysis into your own literature review. Synthesis
DepEd CALABARZON. Retrieved from https://depedoalabarzu project-compassion
2020/06/cavites-project-compassion-raise-more-than-p650%-for-deped-cavite-
frontliners-backliners. What is missing in the reference? Month
I. Each paper collected should be critically evaluated and weighed for “adequacy,
appropriateness, and thoroughness” (Garrard 2017) before inclusion in your own
review.
II. Papers that do not meet these criteria likely should not be included in your literature
review
Both are false
The may pertain to the breach of contract between the authors and the publishers
about the coverage or scope of circulation and distribution of the original work
Copyright
You are using someone's wards or ideal, and passing them off as your own. Plagiarism
What is the heart of the research? Data
The following are characteristics of a good data collection instrument, except ONE Brief
and ineffective
This is the process of obtaining information from relevant documents Documentary
Review
This can be done through face-to-face, over the telephone or computer-assisted.
Interview
The researcher observes the subjects in their actual setting or natural environment
without intrusion or involvement of the researcher. Naturalistic Observation
Seeks to describe the current status of an identified variable Descriptive
When can we consider a research sample as the "best"? Representative of the
populations
Based on the problem presented on item #43, what should be the sample size with
respect to female? 133
There are 14,038 population in Palangoy, Binangonan, Rizal based on 2020 census by
Philippine Statistics Authority. How many samples will you use in your study using the
rule of thumb? 1,404-2,808

Jesse and Jerwin are conducting their research about the behavior of their pet dogs in
the different areas in their house. Jesse suggests to use observation method for their
research, otherwise, Jerwin wants to use questionnaire checklist to collect data about
their research. Who among them suggested the appropriate data collection instrument
to be used? Jesse, because observation is used to track behavioral aspects from the
target sample.

A group researchers would like to describe the feelings of adolescents about being at
home for several months. Which of the following the appropriate data collection
instrument to use? Focus Group Discussion

A group of individuals who may validate a research instrument. Experts

Kielle did not follow the suggestions of the experts, do not revise the questionnaire, and
proceed to distribution of the questionnaire. What must be the first step done by Kielle
before proceeding to distribution? Integrate the comments and suggestions in revising

Lyca conducted validation of her research instrument among her classmates. Which can
you infer from the situation? Lyca should ask the experts in the field.

The researcher holds only an outline of topics. The questions will be spontaneously
asked to form a conversation with the interviewee. Probing skills in questioning is highly
necessary. FGD

Tracking physical, behavioral and other aspects from the target sample over a period of
time is the major concern of the researcher in this method. Observation

One of the commonly used data collection instruments among other instruments. It is
easy to administer and efficient in gathering large volume of data. The respondents
would provide answers to the prepared set of questions. Questionnaire Checklist

It composed of totally diverse set of individuals to express their personal views about
the topic. The researcher should be skilled in moderating and documenting the conduct

to gather the needed data. Focus Group Discussion

The respondents are asked to rank or give numerical rating for the information required

of them in a form of a checklist with a scale. Coding/Ranking