Green gram

and Red Gram

ANSIYA NASRIN
INT.MSC.BIOSCIENCE
1ST YEAR
 1. Introduction

Contents
2. Green Gram
3. Botanical Description
4. Useful Part
5. Utility
6. Floral Description
7. Red Gram
8. Botanical Description
9. useful Part
10. Utility
11. Floral Description
12. Reference
Introduction
Introduction Seeds of legumes play an important role in
diets of people around the world. India is a
major developing country involved in
consuming legumes.

In this presentation we'll delve into

morphology of useful parts and utility of Red
gram and Green gram,the most commonly
consumed pulses or legumes in India.
Green Gram
Green gram
Green gram SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom Plantae

Division Spermatophytes

Class Dicotyledoneae

Order Leguminosae

Family Fabaceae

Genus vigna

Species radiata
 Binomial name of green gram is Vigna radiata.
Alternatively known as Mung bean.
It is an annual vine with yellow flower and fuzzy brown pods.
It is cultivated in Orissa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya
Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Bihar.

Botanical Description
It has a taproot system, root contains nodule having
the nitrogen fixing bacteria.
Erect to sub erect, highly branched and hairy stem.
Compound, alternate, and trifoliate leaf with long
petiole.
Flower is zygomorphic,complete and Papilionaceous.
Inflorescence- Raceme.
Calyx: 5 sepals and gamosepalous.
Corolla: 5 petals and Vexillary aestivation.
Androecium: Stamen diadelphous
Gynoecium: 1 carpel, Ovary superior, Marginal placentation.
Fruits: It is a dry dehiscent.It contains 9 to 10 seeds per
seed.
Useful Part
Seeds of green gram is the most useful part.
They are small and nearly globular, green in
colour.
Seed formed inside a small pod.
One to many seeds, Non endospermic and has two
cotyledons.
The food is stored in the cotyledons.
Utility
Green gram is an excellent source of high quality
protein,fibre iron and starch.
Vitamin C is synthesized in sprouted seed of Green
grams.
Sprouted beans contain fewer calories and more free
amino acids and antioxidants than unsprouted ones.
Green gram has a high potassium content which helps
control blood pressure and promote heart health.
Green gram contain calcium magnesium and
phosphorus, all of which are necessary for forming and
maintaining healthy bones.
Green gram containing immune boosting elements such
as Vitamin C and E.
They are often fried and used as a snack.
Improve the soil fertility by fixing atmospheric
nitrogen in the soil.
Red Gram
Red gram
Red gram SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom Plantae

Division Magnoliophyte

Class Magnoliopsida

Order Fabales

Family Fabaceae

Genus Cajanus

Species cajan
Binomial name of red gram is Cajanus cajan.
Alternatively known as Pigeon pea.
Red gram is a perennial legume.
UP, MP, Maharashtra, Bihar and Andhra Pradesh, Punjab,
Haryana, West Bengal, Assam, Orissa, Rajasthan,
Gujarat, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu,
Kerala, etc. However, the major area is restricted to
north Indian states.
Botanical description
Pegion pea root system possess taproot in central
with numerous lateral and secondary branches.
Tap root become thick and woody, forms rhizobia-
symbiotic system.
Erect plant
leaves: Alternate, trifoliate, compound, reticulate
venation.
Inflorescence: Axillary.
Flower: Bracteate, pedicellate, complete,
zygomorphic, and bisexual.
Calyx: 5 sepal, gamosepalous, campanulate, valvate
aestivation and green in colour.
Corolla: 5 petals, polypetalous, descending imbricate
aestivation, yellow or purple in colour.
Androecium: 10 stamen, diadelphous, 1+(9).
Gymoecium: Monocarpellary, superior ovary,
unilocular, ovules many and marginal placentation.
Style long, curved, stigma simple.
Fruit: Legume.
Useful Part
Just like green gram,here also the most useful
part is seed.
Orbicular or oval in shape with one flattened edge.
Dicotyledonous, cotylydons are pale yellow in
colour.
Red gram seed has starchy endosperm,which
provide nourishment to the growing embryo.
Utility
Rich source of protein complement well for a
balanced diet with cereals.
Rich in dietary fibre,vitamins,and minerals
Red gram pulse is a great source of
carbohydrates.
Low in fat and cholesterol making it good for
heart health.
Posted and puffed seeds.
Beside consuming it by human, it is also used in
different ways; farmers retain a part of the
seed for seed purpose. For sowing in next
season.
Used as animal feed.
Bacteria present in root nodule helps in fixing
atmospheric nitrogen.
Helps in maintaining soil fertility by the symbiotic
association.
Reference
Plant systematic- Theory and
practice,Gurcharan singh.
Plant taxonomy- O.P Sharma.
Botanical Description of Pegion Pea,- C.H
Sameer Kumar [Article].
Know your vegetables.site.google.com.
Mung bean- Wikipedia.
Thank
you