DPHRM U19 - Presentation Skills_English_V1

Chartered
Qualification in
Human Resource
Management
Level : Diploma in Professional HRM
Unit Code : DPHRM - U19
Session : Presentation Skills

Name & Index No: …………………………………………
Chartered Institute of Personnel Management Sri Lanka (Inc.)

Name & Index No: …………………………………………
www.cipmlk.org
Chartered Institute of Personnel Management Sri Lanka
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Unit Title Presentation Skills
Level Diploma in Professional HRM
Competency Capability Building and Enhancement
Unit Code DPHRM/U19
Unit Review Date 12th July 2021
Purpose and aim of the unit
This unit provides knowledge on Presentation skills and on the skills required to deliver effective and
engaging presentations to a variety of audiences. The unit also provides knowledge on the structure of
presentations the innovative and creative methods of designing slides. The unit also explains the human
skills such as modulation of voice, body language, passion and delivery skills required to convey the
underlying message in the presentation.
Learning Outcomes
On the completion of this unit students will;

 Understand the concept of good presentation skills.
 Understand the effective ways of preparing presentations
 Understand the methods of designing PowerPoint presentations
 Understand human skills required to make the presentation lively interesting and value adding.
Assessment modes
 Classroom Presentations.
Guided Learning Hours
The guided learning hours for this unit would be 06 with an additional 40 hours of self-managed learning
Copyright © 2020 CIPM P a g e 2 of 23

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Contents
01. Introduction to Presentation Skills ...................................................................................................... 4
02. Delivering Effective Presentations .................................................................................................... 16
List of Figures
Figure 1. The Power of Visual Imagery .................................................................................................. 15
List of Table
Table 1. Sample Speech Guidelines .......................................................................................................... 6
Table 2. The Main Body of Your Talk ...................................................................................................... 8

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01. Introduction to Presentation Skills
Introduction to Communication
In a very basic form, communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place, person
or group to another. Every communication involves at least one sender, a message and a recipient. This
may sound simple, but communication is actually a very complex subject. There are four main types of
communication we use on a daily basis: Verbal, nonverbal, written and visual.
www.skillsyouneed.com
Presentation as a communication Tool

Presentations are one of the most powerful communication mediums because the spoken word allows us
to make very deep and human connections with others. Today there are more applications available for
supporting presentations than ever before. One tool won't fill every need, though. Hence it is important
to choose the best tools and a good combination of tools to make your presentations effective and
impactful. A presentation is a means of communication that can be adapted to various speaking
situations, such as talking to a group, addressing a meeting or briefing a team. A presentation requires
you to get a message across to the listeners and will often contain a 'persuasive' element.
Types of Presentations
1) Informative Presentations
Informative presentations serve to present specific information for specific audiences for specific goals
or functions. This type of presentation is often identified by its primary purpose or function. Informative
presentations are often analytical or involve the rational analysis of information. You need to keep an
informative presentation brief to the point.
2) Instructional Presentations
Your purpose in an instructional presentation is to give specific directions or orders.
Your presentation will probably be a bit longer, because it has to cover your topic thoroughly. In
an instructional presentation, your listeners should come away with new knowledge or a new skill with
reference to the new instructions to be followed.

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3) Arousing (thought provoking) Presentations
Your purpose in an arousing presentation is to make people think about a certain problem or situation.
You want to arouse the audience's emotions and intellect so that they will be receptive to your point of
view.
4) Persuasive / Inspirational Presentations

Objective here is to call for action, action based on for instance; an appeal made with data/information,
e.g. to make good the poor sales of the quarter. Ideally the audience should respond and do something at
the end of your presentation and that is your goals of the presentation. Inspiration is a step beyond
persuasion, Inspiration infers being ‘motivated from within’ on the part of the listener to act on your ‘call
for action,’ e.g. to have a go at the sales record, a brand launch, etc. usually something beyond the usual.
Example:
 Register for a training program

 A cookery demonstration
 Change behavior
 Offer reasons to induce better performance / Ignite motivation for super performance
 Make the first 30 seconds of your presentation count.

 Compare and contrast your solution with the status quo.
 Use visual aids to summarize and clarify your big ideas.
 Get your audience involved to build trust and rapport.
5) Decision-making Presentations
You have a decision to make and you want to make the best decision. You know that you need inputs, so
you've asked a couple of subordinates or colleagues to present you the options. In other words, you can
set the specifications for the presentation. The objective is for you to get quality and adequate inputs from
the audience to make the decision.

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Plan – Prepare – Practice – Present
Sample Speech Guidelines
Table 1. Sample Speech Guidelines
Topic Select a topic that meets the interests of your audience and you, and
present the findings in your speech. Even if you are assigned a topic,
find an aspect or angle that is of interest to research.
Purpose Your general purpose, of course, is to inform. But you need to formulate
a more specific purpose statement that expresses a point you have to
make about your topic what you hope to accomplish in your speech.
Audience Think about what your audience might already know about the topic
and what they may not know, and perhaps any attitudes toward or
concerns about it. Consider how this may affect the way that you will
present your information.
Supporting Material Using the information gathered in your search for information,
determine what is most worthwhile, interesting, and important to
include in your speech. Time limits will require that you be selective
about what you use. Use visual aids!
Organization  Write a central idea statement that expresses the message, or point, that
you hope to get across to your listeners in the speech.
 Determine the two to three main points that will be needed to support
your central idea.
 Finally, prepare a complete sentence outline of the body of the
speech.
Introduction Develop an opening that will

 Get the attention and interest of your listeners,
 Lend naturally to your central idea or message,
 Lead into the body of your speech.

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Conclusion The conclusion should review and/or summarize the important ideas in
your speech and bring it to a smooth close.
Delivery The speech should be delivered extemporaneously (not reading but
speaking), using speaking notes and not reading from the manuscript.
Work on maximum eye contact with your listeners. Use visual aids or
handouts that may be helpful.
What is the Typical Presentation Structure?
1) Greet the Audience and Introduce Yourself (as appropriate).

Before you start delivering your talk, introduce yourself to the audience and clarify who you are and your
relevant expertise (that is to a relatively unknown audience, not for internal audiences of your
organization, for instance). People need to know who they are going to listen to, in the next one hour or
so (depending on how long your presentation is). Credibility of the speaker is very important, and will
include your educational background, experience, exposure, achievements, etc. importantly, as to why
you qualify to speak on the topic. However, it is very important not to overdo it. If you have a very long
and impressive profile, it’s always better to get someone else to introduce you, thereby you don’t look as
a person who blows his own trumpet, but yet get the message through.
2) Introduction to the Topic

This is where you introduce the topic that you are going to speak on, and probably the most important
part of your presentation where you can make or break your entire presentation. The first couple of
seconds in your presentation is so crucial to get the attention of the participants. Within the first few
seconds, participants will decide whether or not to give your presentation a good listening. If you lose
participant interest at his stage you are bound to lose them for your entire presentation.
Some tips to gain the initial interest of the participants:

 Get a powerful start either using humor, relevance of the topic, timeliness of the topic, why they
should listen to you and what’s in it for them.
Example:
 COVID 19 cases reach 10,000 in Sri Lanka

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 This will help you to retain your jobs in a situation like this
 Use effective FRAMING techniques. FRAMING is a technique where you use your first slide or first
couple of seconds in your speech to list down what you’re going to talk about, so that you get the
interest of the audience on what is to come.
 Never use negative starts. Some presenters purposely use negative phrases to start the presentation
either to show how humble they are, to manage audience expectations OR sometimes to relate to the
reality.
Example:
(a) I am sure there are better and more qualitied people to speak on this topic but I will try to
do my best.
(b) Anyway the pass rate for this subject has been very low - around 60%
(c) It’s a bad time to present after lunch, but I will try to keep you awake
3) The Main Body of Your Talk

The body of your talk has the most of the content of your speech It contains the main message. Hence, it
will naturally be the longest part of your presentation. In order to maintain a good flow of the presentation
and to maintain attention of the participant it is important that you follow a logical order and break topics
with pauses and transitions. Your gestures, postures and other non-verbal ques. Voice tone, pitch and rate
of speech all will come in handy, as this is the longest section in your presentation to maintain participant
engagement.
The diagram:
Shows you how time is usually allocated for each element of the presentation. However, it should be
noted that this could change based on your presentation and objectives.
Table 2. The Main Body of Your Talk
Introduce the speaker
Introduce the topic
Body of the talk
Conclusion
Question and Answer Session

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4) Conclusion
Conclusion refers to the end of your presentation, obviously. It’s important to end your presentation on
a powerful and positive note. Participants usually remembers the start and the end of a presentations, the
best. Hence, it is very important that your conclusion is as powerful as your start. Ideally, the conclusion
will have a summary of the most important points discussed in the body of your presentation, and also
stresses upon what you want participants to remember the most and take away. Humor also helps at the
conclusion to finish off your presentation with a bit of flair.
5) Thank the Audience and Invite Questions

Usually it is a practice to invite questions at the end of the presentation, in most formal presentations,
since it prevents any disturbances during the presentation and also help manage time better. However,
there are instances that you encourage questions during the session, where participants can raise them
hand to get the attention of the speaker and ask questions whenever they require. Whichever the format
you use, it is important that you answer all questions or explain why you cannot answer the question:
Example:
 I am sorry, I am not very sure about that

 I am sorry, I don’t have the authority to answer that question
Presentation Methods
There are four basic methods (sometimes called styles) of presenting a speech: manuscript, memorized,
extemporaneous and impromptu. Each has a variety of uses in various situations of communication.
I. Manuscript Presentations
Manuscript speaking consists of reading a fully scripted speech. It is useful when a message needs to be
delivered in precise words. Memorized speaking consists of reciting a scripted speech from memory.
Memorization allows the speaker to be free of notes.
II. Memorized Presentations

It is the act of memorizing the information in a speech and presenting it without using notes. There is a
benefit to delivering a speech this way. It doesn't require the speaker to carry note cards around the stage.

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III. Extemporaneous Presentations
Extemporaneous speaking is the presentation of a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, spoken in a
conversational manner using brief notes.
IV. Impromptu Presentations

Impromptu speaking is a speech that a person delivers without predetermination or preparation.
Different Roles and Objectives of Presenters
While the term PRESENTATIONS might seem limited to only making presentation to a targeted
audience using some technology such as MS PowerPoint or even some other visual aide such a white
board or flip chart or even delivering a speech from a podium; presenters often can have many different
objectives and highly diverse roles in their presentation effort, which will often require a very different
approach and a very different skill set.
Example: Business presentations will be very different to Radio and TV presenting. Even internal
business presentations will be very different to TV presentations.
Business Presentations
 Presentation of a business case or proposal
 Moderating a panel discussion
 Facilitating a bran-storming session
 Presenting the 5-year company plan to employees
Note: It should be noted that while all of the above are presentations of some kind, they all have very
different objectives, needs a very different approach and a very different skill set.
Presentation of a Business Case or Proposal

A business case or proposal is used when you want to convince someone like the CEO or the senior
management on a certain decision such as;
Example: Investing on a LMS (Learning Management System), so as the head of L&D you would make
a business case covering the importance and relevance of such an investment in the current situation,
with recommendations and justifications for consideration.

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Steps to follow in developing a business case:
1) Define the problem or what you plan to achieve
2) List down different alternative that could be used to achieve this same objective
For Example: LMS could be only one alternative and there could be many more alternatives that can
achieve the same result
3) Evaluate each different alternative for its advantages, disadvantages and possible risks
4) See how you can overcome these disadvantages and mitigate any possible risks
5) Based on all facts, shortlist your decisions and chose one
6) Prepare detail report to be presented to the CEO and Senior Management
7) Make a brief summary presentation to make a PowerPoint presentation.
Moderating a Panel Discussion

Moderating is very different to presenting for the simple reason that you are not actually presenting but
moderating. Moderators speak the least but moderate the discussion to ensure it achieves the desired
objectives.
A Moderator’s Role:
 Introduce the panel members, giving due recognition for their profiles.
 Give a brief introduction to the topics each panelists will be talking on
 Direct some questions to each of the panelist after all presentations are done
 Invite questions from the audience
 Direct the questions to specific panelist, and in the event that the question is directed in general
without naming a panelist, it’s the duty of the moderator to direct it to the most suitable panelist
 Close the session and summarize.
Facilitating a Brain-Storming Session

Facilitating is very similar to Moderating, you don’t actually present, you speak less but facilitate the
discussion. Your role is to outline and explain the objectives of the session, what needs to be
accomplished, guidelines and rules, timelines, etc. The facilitator’s main role is to keep the discussion on
track and ensure the objectives of the session are met.

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Presenting the 5-year Company Plan to the Employees

This is where a company CEO or any other high ranking officer presents a long term plan for the
company. Essentially this will be a one-way communication, since you will not be able to do much at
this stage with suggestions etc. as your plan is finalized and at this stage the only objective is to
communicate. However, you might allocate some time for any clarifications, since you want everyone to
be very clear on the presented plan
Example: So, Sir, are we targeting a 20% growth in the 1st Year? – YES WE ARE!
Radio and TV Presenters

While Radio and TV presenters will have some similarities to business presentations, they are also bound
to vary depending on the program type and the objectives to be achieved.
Examples:
1) News readers will be highly scripted and you will not deviate from your script at any cost, since its
mass media and the communication would have gone through many quality checks for credibility,
media ethics and other sensitivities. Or else, you might run the risk of having to make a public
correction to your communication, apologize or even run the risk of being sued against you in a court
of law.
2) News reporters from the ground reporting from the scene of an incident, on the other hand will
be more free to reporting content and style, but would have a broader ethical code that would have to
be adhere to.
3) Other TV presenters such as cook show presenters etc. will be much more free, as it is their own
content and they are supposed to be specialists in their areas. However, they will also be guided by
some rules of the TV station for example; about use of brand names etc.

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Examples:
1) Chef Publis will have his own Sri Lankan recipes which will be hardly debated by anyone, as he is
considered one of the best in the industry. However, if he is being featured on a local TV channel he
will be provided with ground rules on the use of brand names etc.
2) Sri Lankan born Australian Master Chef – Peter Kuruvita will be no different, while no body will
challenge his recipes, once on the TV show he will have to adhere to certain guidelines of the TV
station.
Ideas for Effective Presentations

 Tell a story
 Ask questions at important moments
 Prepare and Practice
 Organize your presentation into 3 clear points
 Break It up with humor
 Design your PowerPoint for persuasion - not distraction
 Don't read from your slides
 Use visuals to communicate
Tell a Story
Most presenters worry too much about their presentation style, more than the content of the presentation.
This results in putting too much effort on how you say it rather than what you say. Many are not very
good at making presentations but everyone is good at telling stories, especially if it’s their own story. The
best presenters are those who convert the content they need to present into their own story. This means
they master the content, make it theirs, research more on the topic and also include examples that are real
and close to their hearts that related well to the topic.
Ask Questions at the Right Time

Question and answer method is actually a fully-fledged training method. But, most often, questions are
made a part of a lecturing session or a presentation in order to give that variety to the delivery, to kill the

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monotony. Questions also could be used during important areas of the session, where you want to
emphasize or reinforce a certain point.
Prepare and Practice

It goes without saying that “practice makes perfect.” However, how do you practice for example a 6 hour,
full day session? Nobody expects you to practice for 6 hours. Instead, a short rehearsal where you run
through the slides while you develop the story in your mind, which is repeated several times over, whilst
making the changes if you require is the way to rehearse.
Organize Your Presentation into 3 Clear Points

The 03 points are; the start, middle and end. It is important that you get the attention of the audience to
you as the presenter and the topic at the very beginning. “Remember, if you kill the start you kill the
entire presentation!”
Break it up with humor

Remember, humor is much more powerful than you ever think. It can break monotony, reenergize the
audience and also could be very effectively used to support your contents in the event you use relevant
humor that reinforces a point.
Design Your PowerPoint for Persuasion - Not Distraction

The customer of your presentation is the audience, what is relevant to them is paramount.
Often presenters judge their presentations from their own perspectives. Instead what should be done is to
look at it from the eyes of the participants. This requires a good understanding of the audience, which
needs to be done prior to delivering the presentation.
Don't Read from Your Slides

Don’t make the slides your script. Slides are a guide and visual support for the participants and you in
support of the presentation. Have the points on the slides as your guide and build your story around them.
Use Visuals to communicate

Visuals are much more powerful than text. Visual images get the attention and retention is better in the
human brain. However, you should be careful to use visuals and images that are relevant to the topic and
enhances your verbal content. Make sure that you don’t just use visuals for the sake of using them.

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The Power of Visual Imagery
The diagram below depicts how visuals enhances learning and retention
Figure 1. The Power of Visual Imagery
P.S. When using Internet material for lectures, it’s a good practice to customize them to suit the purpose.
Hence, some deletions and inclusions.

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02. Delivering Effective Presentations

Introduction
Presentations broadly are a form of communication among all other communications methods that are
used to convey a messages. While presentations can take many shapes and forms, its primary objective,
just like all other communication, is to convey a message from the presenter to an audience. The process
is also, more often than not, embedded with communication from the audience to the presenter as
feedback. It is common that a good presentation has good design and delivery, the combination of which
makes a presentation interesting and effective.
Presentation skills are the skills you need to deliver effective and engaging presentations. These skills
cover a variety of areas such as the structure of a presentation, design of the slides, tone of your voice
and body language.
Presenting and Communicating

If you possess effective presentation skills, it means that you are good at communicating in formal
settings. By speaking clearly and getting your ideas across well, there will be less chances for
miscommunication. This means less stress and happier relationships!
- www.summerboardingcourses.co.uk
The 03 Most Important Components in Effective Presentations
1. Design of the presentation

2. Delivery of the presentation
3. Use of proper presentation aides
Design of Presentations
The design of a presentation is at the heart of all successful presentations. Basically All presentations
designs will start by answering the question:
“What do I plan to achieve from this presentation”

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Hence, any presentation design should start with an objectives statement, the outcomes to be achieved
through the presentation. Next, is the careful study of the audience, to understand their current level of
knowledge or understanding on the topic planned, so that the presentation can be pitched accordingly. It
must be noted however that there can be different levels of staff in an audience, resulting in disparities in
perceptions and understanding of the contents, e.g. whilst senior management team would understand a
more technically advanced presentation, lower levels in the organization may not. Hence, the same
contents may have to be pitched at a lower level (in simpler and more congenial ‘language’) for their
benefit.
Some Important Decisions in a Designing Presentations:

 What content (topics) must to be presented
 Decide on the depth and the width of the topic to be covered
 Logical order or the structure of the contents
 Probable design modifications to suit different audiences
 Decide when to use visual imagery and when to use facts and figures
 Pay particular attention to the quality of your slides
Example: Template, colour selection, font type and size, animations and imagery
 Decide on the training aides that would be useful and appropriate to present the contents effectively
 Decide on the presentation methodology and session elements:
Example: one-way delivery, group work, Q&A sessions, assessments if any, end of session feedback,
follow up, s etc.
“You can never deliver a faulty design to achieve perfection”
Effective Delivery of Presentations

If you develop a purposeful presentation, 50% of your task is achieved. The balance is on how effectively
you would deliver the presentation. It’s all about delivery related competencies. Bad delivery can kill a
perfectly designed and developed presentation. Hence, delivery competencies are critical to make a
presentation effective.

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Key Attributes to Successful Presentations
 Language skills
Good language skills are critical and fundamental to making good presentations. It is so important for
two main reasons: firstly, a presentation must be understood by the participants, secondly; poor language
skills can damage the credibility of the presenter. Hence, if you are to develop your presentation skills,
working on your language skills is also a good idea.
 Effective use of non-verbal communication

Non-verbal communication is when you communicate without the use of words, and is often called body
language which includes gestures, postures, voice and tone. Non-verbal communication complements
verbal communication, and if used appropriately, it could add tremendous value and meaning to your
presentations. Also, a presenter must be careful not to use aggressive, distorting and sometimes;
intimidating body language that can offend an audience, resulting in anxiety and inhibiting the proper
comprehension of the message.
 Facial expressions and eye contact

Facial expressions and eye contact are other important features of presentations. Although one might
argue that facial expressions and eye contact are very much a part of body language, it is important
enough to be isolated and considered separately.
“Facial expressions speak a 1000 words,” whilst the smile is a very important part of facial expressions,
it is not the only one – every facial expression says something and if used appropriately it can add a lot
of meaning to the overall communication. Maintaining eye contact with the audience is a skill a presenter
should develop. It’s said that a presenter should ‘look in the eye’ of the audience at least once during a
session. Most often what prevents a presenter maintain eye contact with the audience is the ‘favorite in
the audience factor.’
A favorite in the audience is someone or a few members of the audience who the presenter feels
comfortable anchoring with, and prefers making eye contact with. They may not be the best looking in
the audience, but just someone who simply nods and acknowledges what you say. The presenter often
feels comfortable making eye contact only with the person or persons, forgetting eye contact with the
rest of the audience.

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 Engage the Audience

Engaging the audience throughout the session is very important to pull off a good presentation.
Engagement does not always mean two-way communication and interaction. Even in a completely one-
way session, you need to engage with the participants through: eye contact, gesturers, postures, use of
humor and also the use of any other technique you may choose to keep the audience connected.
“A totally engaged presentation is where your audience is connected to you throughout the presentation
and never loses interest”
 Use of effective FRAMING techniques (Structuring)
We have all seen and heard of Picture frames. What does picture frames do? They show the boundaries
of the picture, e.g. what size, the height the width, etc.
This is exactly, what is done through FRAMING a presentation. You can use the first slide of your
presentation to list down the sub-topics that will be presented. With this, participants will know what you
will be covering and what you will not be covering and hence; give a good head start to the presentation.
FRAMING is a very useful technique to get the initial attention of the participants.
 Get a great start

The first few seconds of a presentation is crucial. Participants will decide within the first few seconds
whether you and your presentation is worth the time. If they close their minds to you at the start, they
will not listen to your presentation or only be passive listeners.
Some presenters have the habit of using ‘poor’ starts, merely show to that they are humble and down to
earth or even may be manage audience expectations or sometimes just to go with the trend of the other
presenters.
Examples:
1) “I don’t know whether I am the best person to talk on this topic, but let me try to do my best”
2) “I know after lunch is a bad time to present, but I will try my best to keep you awake”
3) “The average pass rate for this subject is anyway less than 60%”
With this type of start you kill the audience interest.

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 Build and use your trainer toolkit

The trainer tool kit is probably the most effective weapon in a presenter’s armory. It includes a properly
researched and rehearsed Session Plan, appropriate examples, carefully selected stories, audios, videos,
quotes, images and well thought out activities. If effectively and appropriately used these tools can make
you that very special presenter with a cut above the rest. it must be noted that these tools are there to be
used carefully to enhance and add value to the communication. If not, they can distort your message or
even be negatively perceived by the audience.
Trainer Personality
Dress well – Look good – Keep their attention on your side!
Remember, the audience is going to be looking at you for the entire duration of the presentation, hence;
it better be something good to look at! You don’t need the looks of a movie star to keep and retain
attention. But, there are a few tips that a presenter may do well to observe, to maintain audience attention.
 Dress well and keep the audience attention on you

 Be loud enough, but more importantly, be “PUNCHY” in your tone of voice
 Get someone to introduce you and your profile
 Use your experience and exposure to offer a “view point” that will increase your credibility
 Maintain eye contact, always
 Maintain a 180 Degree view of the audience
 Use the power of humor
 Use the power of “SINGLISH” (where appropriate)
 Make sure you appeal to everyone in the audience
Use of Training Aids

Effective use of training aids can make a major contribution to the impact of your presentation.
Appropriately and effectively used, training aides can add value, meaning and greater understanding for
the audience. Humans have three main sensors: Auditory, Visual (including Reading) & Kinesthetic
(Tactile), and training aides if used properly will appeal to all three sensors, resulting in better absorption
and retention of the content presented by the presenter.
Audio : Hear

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Visual : See & Read
Kinesthetic : Touch & Feel
The Most Commonly Used Training Aides are;
Multimedia Projectors
Multimedia projectors have replaced the traditional OHP (Over Head Projector) which had limited
options compared to the multimedia projector that is used today. The OHP was limited projecting of still
content or images from a transparent sheet to a blank wall or screen. However, with the introduction of
the multimedia projector, we are now able to project anything from still content and images to live videos
etc. it can be made to reflect on any screen and act as the source of projection to a larger background that
is visible to larger audiences.
Flip Charts
Flips Charts are another very useful aide in presentations. The advantages of flip charts are that they can
be prepared in advance. Content once put on the flip chart can remain until the end the program by simply
flipping over the charts and using new sheets to write new content whilst retaining the old for later use
during the program. Flip charts also could be used effectively for FRAMING (discussed earlier during
this Session) where you can use one flip chart for content outline and refer to it as and when you want to.
Multiple flip charts could be used in the event you are doing group work, and can allocate one flip chart
per group where they can do and present their work.
White Boards
White boards can be effectively used for spontaneous use to write and erase. The only disadvantage is
that unlike flip charts, you cannot hold on to the contents written on a white board for later use, once

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erased. White boards also could be used for FRAMING provided you use the top right hand corner for
this purpose, while leaving enough space for spontaneous use, to write and erase when you require to do
so. Few points of caution when using white boards are: never use reflective colours such as RED and
GREEN to write the main contents, instead, use colours like BLUE and BLACK. Also it should be noted
that your hand writing must be clear and neat and never scribble on the board.
Effective use of MS Power Point and Apple Keynote

If used appropriately and effectively they can be a very useful presentation tool, as they can provide you
with the vital visual support for your oral contents. Microsoft PPT and Apple Keynote are the most
commonly used presentation tools today, and from the inception to date, technology has evolved taking
it to an all-new-level in presentations. Since its functionality includes the ability to embed audio and
video tools including Internet integration. it spares the presenter of the hassle of having to play audios
and videos separately.
Tips for a good Power Point / Keynote Presentation
 Show the audience things that enhances what the speaker is saying
 Never use more than eight lines of text on a slide (conventional)
 Don’t overuse the animations
 Use high-contrast colours between text and background
 Rehearse your PowerPoint/Keynote presentation
 Learn how to give a good speech without PowerPoint/Keynote – so that you are not entirely
dependent on the PowerPoint/Keynote
 Always develop your own Power Point / Keynote

Version 01
Ten Sins of Power Point / Keynote to be Avoided
1. Reading off the Slides

2. Having too much content
3. Too many and inappropriate animations
4. Lack of deign sense and low contrast colours
5. Auto-Run Presentations
6. Having a slide on during the entire presentation (meaning; blacken the screen when
PowerPoint/Keynote is not in use)
7. Lack of speaker engagement
8. Wrong font size and font type
9. Giving out the presentation in advance
10. Over dependence on the Power Point / Keynote
Top Tips for Effective Presentations
 Show your Passion and Connect with the Audience

 Focus on your Audience's Needs especially, the Programmed Outcomes
 Keep it Simple: Concentrate on your Core Message
 Smile and Make Eye Contact with your Audience
 Start Strongly
 Tell Stories
 Use your Voice Effectively
Conclusion
Nobody is a great speaker or a presenter from birth. While some may be born with natural speaking skills
most others have developed their skills on their way to becoming great speakers and presenters. So
remember that this is a skill you can learn and develop!

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Chartered

Level : Diploma in Professional HRM

Unit Code : DPHRM - U19

Session : Presentation Skills

Chartered Institute of Personnel Management Sri Lanka (Inc.)

Purpose and aim of the unit

On the completion of this unit students will;

Guided Learning Hours

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02. Delivering Effective Presentations .................................................................................................... 16

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01. Introduction to Presentation Skills

Presentation as a communication Tool

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4) Persuasive / Inspirational Presentations

 Register for a training program

 Make the first 30 seconds of your presentation count.

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Sample Speech Guidelines

Table 1. Sample Speech Guidelines

Introduction Develop an opening that will

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What is the Typical Presentation Structure?

1) Greet the Audience and Introduce Yourself (as appropriate).

2) Introduction to the Topic

Some tips to gain the initial interest of the participants:

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3) The Main Body of Your Talk

Introduce the speaker

Introduce the topic

Body of the talk

Question and Answer Session

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5) Thank the Audience and Invite Questions

 I am sorry, I am not very sure about that

II. Memorized Presentations

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IV. Impromptu Presentations

Different Roles and Objectives of Presenters

Presentation of a Business Case or Proposal

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Moderating a Panel Discussion

Facilitating a Brain-Storming Session

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Presenting the 5-year Company Plan to the Employees

Radio and TV Presenters

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Ideas for Effective Presentations

Ask Questions at the Right Time

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Prepare and Practice

Organize Your Presentation into 3 Clear Points

Break it up with humor

Design Your PowerPoint for Persuasion - Not Distraction

Don't Read from Your Slides

Use Visuals to communicate

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Figure 1. The Power of Visual Imagery

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02. Delivering Effective Presentations

Presenting and Communicating

The 03 Most Important Components in Effective Presentations

1. Design of the presentation

“What do I plan to achieve from this presentation”