KAIZEN MODEL UNITED NATIONS: 16, 17 & 18 FEBRUARY

PRIMER

SOCHUM

PREPARED AND PRESENTED BY

THE LOOKING GLASS KNIGHT
INTRODUCTORY NOTE

SHARJEEL MOGHAL FATEHA NIZAM

CHAIR ASSISSTANT COMMITTEE DIRECTOR

Delegates,
I am thrilled to be serving as your chair for the third general
assembly, the Social, Humanitarian, and Cultural Committee
(SOCHUM) this year at KaizenMUN. I may be known as the resident
swiftie of Kaizen High.

To be chairing the third general assembly is an honor and a

privilege for me. I expect that the delegates come in well prepared
with varying research and a good knowledge of their country's
policies so that the committee can engage in quality debate. Other
than that, not everyone gets the right to debate or speak on such
issues thus when debating,

I want every delegate to not take for granted the fact that it is a
very privileged position in of itself to speak at this level regarding
these issues and to not take that privilege for granted. This
committee hopes to be an inclusive environment for debate and no
matter if you are an experienced speaker or a beginner, I expect
everyone to engage in the committee and make sure that others are
included too.

I am really looking forward to meeting you all at the conference

and to see what the delegates coming to KaizenMUN have to offer
in Sochum this time around.
Agenda Item
Promoting
Reproductive
Rights of
Women in
Vulnerable
Settings
INTRODUCTION TO
SOCHUM
Sochum, the Third Committee of the General Assembly, discusses agenda items relating to a
range of social, humanitarian affairs and human rights issues that affect people all over the
world.
The work of the committee focuses on human rights, humanitarian affairs and social issues
relating to:

The advancement of women

The protection of children
the protection of Indigenous populations, and related issues
The treatment of refugees, and related issues such as racism and discrimination
The promotion of fundamental freedoms
The right to self-determination
Youth, family, and aging
The rights of persons with disabilities
Crime prevention and criminal justice
The international drug trade, and related issues

The Social, Cultural and Humanitarian committee mainly focuses on the protection of human
rights. It was first founded in 1948 to create solutions in order to provide globally high
standards, protect human rights and suggest solutions for the humanitarian and social
development crises. There are lots of violations of human rights in almost every part of the
World. Sochum’s main purpose is to examine them and set global standards in order to
protect human rights while working together with the Member States. The committee has the
right to suggest recommendations concerning issues of peace and security to a member of
the General Assembly, UN Security Council and other bodies and agencies. Sochum can also
request reports from the UN Human Rights Council by special rapporteurs.

HISTORICAL CONTEXT
Int ernat i ona l H i s t o r y
IThe fight for reproductive freedom largely began with Margaret Sanger in the early 1900s
who, starting with a clinic in New York, fought to educate women on sex and contraception
and was a major advocate for women's right to birth control, sexual and reproductive rights,
and the sex education that came with them.

The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo

represented a significant shift in addressing human reproduction and health, emphasizing
the needs of individuals and the empowerment of women. This marked a departure from
previous approaches that treated women merely as tools for implementing population
programs. The ICPD adopted a reproductive health and rights approach that values women
intrinsically and emphasizes their autonomy in sexual and reproductive health decisions
within social, economic, and political contexts. The conference recognized that women's
health, including their sexual and reproductive health, is influenced not only by access to
healthcare but also by societal status and gender discrimination.
HISTORY
The Programme of Action from the The Convention on the Elimination of All
International Conference on Population and Forms of Discrimination Against Women
Development (ICPD) is a consensus document (CEDAW) includes several articles addressing
involving over 180 States, highlighting gender women's rights in relation to health, with
equality and reproductive rights. Reproductive Article 12 being central. Article 12 obliges
health, as defined in the document, States Parties to eliminate discrimination in
emphasizes physical, mental, and social well- healthcare, ensure equal access to healthcare
being in matters related to the reproductive services, including family planning, and
system, including the freedom to make provide appropriate services during pregnancy
decisions about reproduction. The term and post-natal periods. It is noteworthy that
"reproductive rights" encompasses existing CEDAW is the only UN human rights treaty
human rights recognized in international mentioning family planning explicitly. Other
documents such as the Universal Declaration articles guarantee access to educational
of Human Rights, the International Covenant information and services on family planning,
on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and particularly for women in rural areas. The
the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms Convention also emphasizes women's right to
of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). protection of health and safety in working
These rights include the freedom to decide on conditions, including reproductive function
the number, spacing, and timing of children, safeguarding. Various provisions in CEDAW
as well as access to information and means for indirectly affect women's health rights,
reproductive health. The Beijing Platform for elucidated further in the CEDAW Committee's
Action, a subsequent consensus document, General Recommendations regarding issues
reaffirmed the ICPD's paradigm shift and such as female genital mutilation, sexual
emphasized women's rights to control their violence, HIV/AIDS, and reproduction. Before
health and fertility. discussing specific violations of health-related
rights, clarification is provided on the
Both the International Conference on concepts of autonomy and discrimination.
Population and Development (ICPD) and the
Fourth World Conference on Women (FWCW) Autonomy, in the context of women's health
recognized the integral relationship between decisions, refers to the right of a woman to
gender equality and women's health, including make choices about her fertility and sexuality
sexual and reproductive health, as expressed without coercion or violence. This includes the
in consensus documents reflecting political rights to informed consent and confidentiality
will. In contrast, international human rights in healthcare settings, ensuring that women
treaties or conventions, such as the Women's can make decisions freely. Autonomy also
Convention, are considered legally binding entails being treated as an individual with full
sources of international law. The Women's legal capacity, entitled to make decisions
Convention addresses discrimination against about her own health. While not explicitly
women comprehensively, often termed as the mentioned in the Women's Convention,
international bill of women's rights, covering autonomy is implied in the fundamental
all aspects of women's lives, including their freedoms guaranteed to women, such as
right to health and health services. The liberty, dignity, and privacy. Isaiah Berlin's
Committee on the Elimination of distinction between negative and positive
Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW liberty further elucidates autonomy as the
Committee) is responsible for monitoring the freedom to shape one's life according to one's
implementation of the Women's Convention, own reasons and purposes, without external
composed of expert members elected by interference. Positive liberty, or autonomy,
States Parties. The Committee reviews periodic involves being one's own master and acting
reports from States Parties on their efforts to based on conscious choices and self-directed
fulfill the Convention's provisions and may will.
issue general recommendations to clarify and
interpret these rights authoritatively.
Discrimination against women, as defined by
Article 1 of the Convention, involves any
distinction, exclusion, or restriction based on
sex that impairs or nullifies women's
enjoyment of human rights and fundamental
freedoms, regardless of marital status. The
Convention condemns discrimination even if it
is not purposeful, recognizing that it can arise
from societal patterns or behaviors.
Discrimination can occur both in public and
private spheres, including within healthcare
settings. The Convention's recognition of
discrimination against all women, regardless
of marital status, reflects the societal
construction of gender roles and power
dynamics, challenging stereotypes that limit
women's autonomy and access to healthcare.
Women's health is influenced by biological
differences and societal attitudes, often
resulting in discriminatory practices such as
prioritizing motherhood over women's overall
health and limiting women's sexual autonomy.
Discriminatory practices may include harmful
interventions like female genital mutilation
and restrictions on women's sexuality,
exposing them to risks of sexual abuse and
violence. While recognizing biological
differences, feminist legal theory emphasizes
the importance of addressing women's unique
health needs and ensuring equal access to
healthcare services. Failure to address these
needs constitutes discrimination, highlighting
the importance of achieving equal health
outcomes for women.The legal context for
addressing women’s reproductive and sexual
health rights involves the principles outlined
in the Convention, which set standards for
conduct. However, these principles are often
not upheld in practice, leading to various
forms of rights violations worldwide. Examples
of contemporary violations include
discrimination in the allocation of healthcare
resources, particularly affecting women's
health needs. Budget cuts in countries
undergoing economic transitions have
disproportionately impacted women's access
to reproductive health services, leading to
increased maternal mortality rates.
Discrimination also manifests in the
criminalization of abortion, resulting in unsafe
procedures and high rates of maternal
mortality and morbidity.
Additionally, violations occur regarding
reproductive choice, with instances of coerced
sterilizations and limited access to
contraception. Informed consent is frequently
disregarded, with reports of women being
sterilized without consent or proper
information on alternatives. Legal procedures
for abortion are often inadequate, leading to
delays or denial of care, particularly in cases of
rape or danger to the mother's life. Vulnerable
groups such as rural women, those in armed
conflict, and women in prostitution face
additional barriers to accessing reproductive
health services and are at higher risk of
experiencing sexual violence and coercion.
Overall, there is a significant gap between
legal protections and the realities of women's
reproductive and sexual health rights,
highlighting the need for comprehensive
action to address these violations.
Roe v Wade
Roe v Wade is a 1973 lawsuit that famously led
to the Supreme Court making a ruling on
abortion rights. Jane Roe, an unmarried
pregnant woman, filed suit on behalf of herself
and others to challenge Texas abortion laws. A
Texas doctor joined Roe's lawsuit, arguing that
the state's abortion laws were too vague for
doctors to follow. He had previously been
arrested for violating the statute. At the time,
abortion was illegal in Texas unless it was
done to save the mother's life. It was a crime
to get an abortion or to attempt one. In Roe v.
Wade, the Supreme Court decided two
important things: The United States
Constitution provides a fundamental "right to
privacy" that protects a person's right to
choose whether to have an abortion. The
abortion right is not absolute. It must be
balanced against the government's interests in
protecting health and prenatal life.
Jane Roe and the others involved based their
case on the following arguments:
The Texas law invaded an individual's right to
"liberty" under the 14th Amendment. The Texas
law infringed on rights to marital, familial, and
sexual privacy guaranteed by the Bill of Rights
The right to an abortion is absolute - a person
is entitled to end a pregnancy at any time, for
any reason, in any way they choose. The Court
split the difference between the two
arguments presented. First, the Court
recognized that abortion does fall under
privacy rights.
The constitutional right to privacy comes from
the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth
Amendment. 02
 The Due Process Clause does not explicitly Enforcement of these laws can vary, and
state that Americans have a right to privacy. clandestine or unsafe abortions may be
However, the Supreme Court has recognized common. Examples include Ireland (until
such a right going all the way back to 1891. 2018), Poland (recently tightened restrictions),
Just one year before Roe, the Supreme Court Nicaragua, El Salvador, Malta.
held that "in a Constitution for a free people, Countries with complete bans: In some
there can be no doubt that the meaning of countries, abortion is completely banned with
'liberty' must be broad indeed." In Roe v. no exceptions, even to save the woman's life.
Wade, the Court decided that this right to These countries often have some of the most
privacy extends to control over pregnancy. restrictive abortion laws globally. Examples
In June 2022 however, the Supreme Court include Vatican City, Some states in Mexico
overruled Roe and Casey in Dobbs v. Jackson (e.g., Guanajuato)
Women's Health Organization on the grounds
that the substantive right to abortion was not GENDER SPECIFIC ABORTION
"deeply rooted in this Nation's history or
tradition", nor considered a right when the Gender-specific abortion occurs most
Due Process Clause was ratified in 1868, and prominently in countries where there is a
was unknown in U.S. law until Roe. There was strong cultural preference for sons over
huge backlash to this decision that led to daughters. It is particularly prevalent in parts
protests all across the country of the USA. An of Asia, including China, India, Pakistan and
estimate of 40 million women of reproductive some other countries in the region. However,
age were expected to lose access to abortion it's important to note that gender-specific
post this decision. abortion can occur in other parts of the world
as well, including in immigrant communities.
The practice of gender-specific abortion is
ABORTION LAWS often rooted in deep-seated cultural norms
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by and preferences, such as the desire for male
removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. heirs to carry on the family name or inherit
Abortion laws tend to vary as per every country property. Social and economic factors can also
usually being affected by either the culture, play a role, such as dowry systems that place
the dominant religion or the politics of that financial burdens on families with daughters.
country. The varying different kind of abortion Gender-specific abortion raises significant
laws as per countries mostly tend to go as ethical questions, including issues related to
follows, gender equality, reproductive autonomy, and
the rights of female fetuses. Critics argue that
Countries where abortion is broadly legal: it perpetuates and reinforces gender
In these countries, abortion is legal under discrimination and inequality, as well as
various circumstances, such as to protect the contributing to skewed sex ratios in society.
woman's life or health, in cases of fetal Many countries have laws and regulations that
abnormalities, or on socioeconomic grounds. prohibit sex-selective abortion, either
Examples include Canada, the United explicitly or through broader laws governing
Kingdom, France, Germany. abortion practices. However, enforcement of
Countries with moderate restrictions: these laws can be challenging, and the
In these countries, abortion is legal under practice may continue clandestinely or
certain conditions, but there may be through informal means.
restrictions such as mandatory waiting
periods, parental consent requirements for
minors, or limitations based on gestational
age. Examples include Australia, Spain, Italy,
South Africa, India.
Countries with strict restrictions: In these
countries, abortion is highly restricted or
illegal in most circumstances, often with
exceptions only to save the woman's life.

02
FORCED STERILIZATION
Forced sterilization is the involuntary or
coerced removal of a person's ability to
reproduce, often through a surgical procedure
referred to as a tubal ligation. Forced
sterilization is a human rights violation and
can constitute an act of genocide, gender-
based violence, discrimination, and torture.
When performed without informed consent,
sterilization violates an individual’s rights to
dignity, humane treatment, health, family,
information, privacy, and to freely decide the
number and spacing of children, among other
rights. In recent years, human rights bodies
have further clarified the steps States must
take to prevent forced sterilization, protect
survivors, and ensure access to redress.
One notable example of forced sterilization
occurred in Peru during the 1990s and early
2000s. In an effort to curb poverty and
overpopulation, the Peruvian government
implemented aggressive family planning
policies, which included coercive sterilization
campaigns targeting Indigenous and
impoverished women. These women were
often subjected to sterilization procedures
without their informed consent, sometimes
under duress or through deceptive means.
Health workers, incentivized by quotas and
government pressure, performed sterilizations
on a massive scale, often in makeshift clinics
and without proper medical protocols.
Thousands of women, particularly those living
in rural and marginalized communities, fell
victim to these practices, which violated their
reproductive rights and resulted in severe
physical and emotional harm. Despite
international condemnation and efforts to
seek justice, many survivors of forced
sterilization in Peru continue to face barriers
in accessing reparations and holding
perpetrators accountable. This tragic episode
underscores the importance of protecting
individuals' reproductive autonomy and
ensuring that family planning programs
respect human rights and adhere to ethical
standards.
FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION
(FGM)
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C)
comprises different practices involving cutting,
pricking, removing and sometimes sewing up
external female genitalia for non-medical
reasons. The practice of FGM/C is highly
concentrated in a band of African countries
from the Atlantic coast to the Horn of Africa,
in areas of the Middle East such as Iraq and
Yemen, and in some countries in Asia like
Indonesia. Girls exposed to FGM/C are at risk of
immediate physical consequences such as
severe pain, bleeding, and shock, difficulty in
passing urine and faeces, and sepsis. Long-
term consequences can include chronic pain
and infections. FGM/C is a deeply entrenched
social norm, perpetrated by families for a
variety of reasons, but the results are harmful.
FGM/C is a human rights issue that affects girls
and women worldwide. The practice is
decreasing, due to intensive advocacy
activities of international, national, and
grassroots agencies. An adolescent girl today
is about a third less likely to be cut than 30
years ago. However, the rates of abandonment
are not high enough, and change is not
happening as rapidly as necessary. Multiple
interventions have been implemented, but the
evidence base on what works is lacking.
POOR QUALITY REPRODUCTIVE
HEALTHCARE SERVICES
The poor quality of abortion services in many
healthcare facilities presents significant
challenges for women and other pregnant
individuals seeking safe and legal abortion
care. One common issue is the lack of proper
medical equipment and supplies necessary to
perform abortions safely, which increases the
risk of complications during the procedure.
Additionally, shortages of trained healthcare
staff can lead to errors or improper
administration of abortion procedures, further
compromising patient safety. Inadequate
procedures and protocols for conducting
abortions also contribute to inconsistencies in
care delivery across different facilities.
Moreover, stigma and mistreatment from
healthcare providers can create barriers to
accessing abortion services, with individuals
facing judgment or denial of care.
02
Limited access to comprehensive post-
abortion care further compounds these
challenges, leaving patients without necessary
follow-up support. Overall, the poor quality of
abortion services reflects broader barriers to
reproductive healthcare, including limited
access to contraception, inadequate sexual
education, and restrictive abortion laws,
underscoring the urgent need for improved
standards and accessibility in abortion care.
One example of a country where poor abortion
services have been reported is Uganda. In
Uganda, despite abortion being legally
permitted in certain circumstances, such as to
save the life of the pregnant person, access to
safe and legal abortion services remains
limited. Many healthcare facilities lack the
necessary equipment, trained personnel, and
protocols to provide safe abortion care. As a
result, individuals seeking abortion services
may resort to unsafe methods or clandestine
providers, putting their health and lives at risk.
Moreover, stigma surrounding abortion in
Ugandan society often leads to discrimination
and mistreatment of individuals seeking
abortion care, further deterring them from
accessing formal healthcare services. These
challenges highlight the need for improved
access to quality abortion services,
comprehensive sexual education, and efforts
to address the stigma surrounding abortion in
Uganda.
LACK OF EDUCATION AND
ACCESS REGARDING
REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
Despite strong theoretical grounding,
important gaps in knowledge remain
regarding the degree to which there is a
causal relationship between education and
sexual and reproductive health, as many
claims have been made based on associations
alone. Understanding the extent to which
these relationships are causal is important
both to inform investments in education and
health, as well as to understand the
mechanisms underlying these relationships. A
systematic review conducted of the evidence
for a causal link between education and sexual
and reproductive health (SRH) in low and
middle-income countries. Education indicators
included exposure to formal schooling and
learning. SRH outcomes included: age at first
sex, age at first marriage, age at first
pregnancy/birth, contraceptive use, fertility,
and HIV status and other sexually transmitted
infections.
When possible, a meta-analysis was
conducted to estimate mean effects by
outcome, and to understand sources of
variation between studies. 35 papers had been
identified that met the inclusion criteria.
Although many of the studies report evidence
of a causal relationship between education
and one or more SRH outcomes, estimated
effects are often small in magnitude. Meta-
analyses reveal mostly null mean effects, with
the exception of small effects of increased
grade attainment on lower fertility and HIV
positive status. We also found inconsistent
evidence supporting mechanisms linking
education and SRH
Cultural and religious beliefs can present
hurdles for individuals seeking education and
access to reproductive rights. These beliefs
may enforce strict rules about sexuality and
reproduction, leading to stigma around
seeking information or services related to
sexual and reproductive health. Religious
teachings may also influence views on
contraception and abortion, potentially
deterring individuals from utilizing these
services even when legally available. Moreover,
cultural norms and community expectations
can impact decisions regarding reproductive
health, making it difficult for individuals to
assert their preferences or access appropriate
care. Addressing these challenges requires
promoting open dialogue and ensuring that
reproductive health services
respect diverse cultural and religious
perspectives.
Rwanda has significantly improved women's
reproductive rights through education and
access to healthcare. Following the genocide
in 1994, the country prioritized gender equality
and women's empowerment. Policies
promoting girls' education, including
scholarships and addressing cultural barriers,
increased literacy rates among women.
Rwanda also invested in expanding access to
reproductive health services, such as family
planning and maternal healthcare, with
community health workers playing a crucial
role. These efforts led to increased
contraceptive use, reduced maternal mortality
rates, and better HIV/AIDS outcomes,
highlighting the success of combining
education and healthcare access in promoting
women's reproductive rights.
02

CASE STUDIES
USA
On June 24, 2022, pro-abortion rights activists
demonstrated outside the Supreme Court
building for protest following the decision to
overturn Roe and Casey. By noon, there was a
major police presence around the Supreme
Court building and the Capitol building,
including police with riot gear, and police
squad cars and SUVs. Multiple streets were
barricaded by police. Protests also occurred in
cities and towns across the country, drawing
large crowds of demonstrators, with many
activists calling for more action from
Democratic lawmakers.
On June 30, more than 180 abortion rights
protesters were arrested in Washington, D.C.
after sitting and blocking an intersection near
the Supreme Court.
Chanting "we won't go back", protesters
converged on the White House, with some
tying themselves to the gates outside. An
estimated 10,000 people gathered from across
the US, organizers said. Lauren Pierce, 33, an
attorney from Dallas, was among them,
traveling some 1,300 miles (2,100km) to attend
the demonstration."There's nothing, to me,
more worth fighting for than this cause - our
fundamental right to have bodily autonomy,"
she said. "If that means taking up space and
getting arrested then I think it's worth it." Ms
Pierce's home state of Texas is among the 10
US states where abortion has already been
prohibited. At least a dozen other states are
expected to follow.
Anti-abortion campaigners, many of whom see
abortion as "murder", have meanwhile
celebrated the court's decision and the
opportunity to outlaw the procedure in large
swathes of the country.
BRAZIL
The court of Brazil, known in the country as
STF, has come to consider a case to
decriminalize abortion for pregnancies up to
12 weeks. This case has been on hold in court
since 2018. Brazil’s current legislation
regulating abortion, which dates to 1940, is
incompatible with the country's human rights
obligations. Abortion has been made illegal
except in situations where the pregnancy was
a case of any sort of sexual violence, where the
mother’s life is in danger due to the pregnancy
or if the fetus has been diagnosed with fatal
fetal condition known as ‘anencephaly’.
United Nations rights bodies have repeatedly
urged Brazil to decriminalize abortion,
concluding that denying women, girls, and
other pregnant people access to abortion is a
form of discrimination, jeopardizing, among
others, the rights to privacy, life, health,
information, and to not be subjected to cruel,
inhumane, and degrading treatment.
Justice Rosa Weber, who was the former
President of the Court, made her decision on
September 22, just before retiring. She
highlighted that being a mother should be a
choice and not something forced upon
someone. Forcing someone to continue a
pregnancy would harm the woman physically,
emotionally, and morally. The other judges will
vote on this matter during a public hearing
scheduled for the upcoming months.
If the entire court agrees to support women's
rights, Brazil will join other Latin American
countries like Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico
in decriminalizing abortion. This would be a
big win for the Green Tide movement, which
fights for abortion rights, and could inspire
positive changes in other countries too. Local
organizations like Anis and other Brazilian
groups have been working hard for years to
make abortion legal. The combined efforts of
women's rights organizations globally and
locally have made a big impact. Women and
others in Brazil have been waiting a long time
for their rights to be protected. This decision is
overdue and a chance for Brazil to finally
ensure that everyone can safely and legally
access abortion services according to
international human rights rules.
QUESTIONS A
RESOLUTION MUST
ANSWER
QUESTIONS

HOW CAN THE RESOLUTION ENSURE EQUITABLE ACCESS TO QUALITY

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE SERVICES FOR WOMEN IN VULNERABLE SETTINGS?

WHAT MEASURES ARE PROPOSED TO ENHANCE EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

REGARDING REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS, FAMILY PLANNING, AND SEXUAL HEALTH IN
THESE VULNERABLE SETTINGS?

WHAT PROVISIONS ARE INCLUDED TO ENSURE THE AVAILABILITY AND

AFFORDABILITY OF A COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF FAMILY PLANNING AND
CONTRACEPTIVE SERVICES?

HOW DOES THE RESOLUTION ADDRESS THE SPECIFIC MATERNAL HEALTH NEEDS
OF WOMEN IN VULNERABLE SETTINGS, INCLUDING ACCESS TO SKILLED BIRTH
ATTENDANTS AND EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE?

HOW WILL THE RESOLUTION PROMOTE THE ESTABLISHMENT AND ENFORCEMENT

OF LEGAL FRAMEWORKS THAT PROTECT AND UPHOLD THE REPRODUCTIVE
RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN THESE SETTINGS?

IN WHAT WAYS DOES THE RESOLUTION CONSIDER AND RESPECT THE CULTURAL
CONTEXTS OF VULNERABLE SETTINGS TO ENSURE THAT REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS
POLICIES ARE CULTURALLY SENSITIVE AND ACCEPTABLE?

HOW DOES THE RESOLUTION ADDRESS THE INTERSECTING VULNERABILITIES

FACED BY WOMEN IN THESE SETTINGS, CONSIDERING FACTORS SUCH AS AGE,
DISABILITY, ETHNICITY, AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS?
FURTHER RESEARCH

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