SCHEME & SYLLABUS FOR M.Sc.

Chemistry
(2018 -2020)

Under

(Choice Based Credit System)

Chemistry Department
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be
University), Mullana
Ambala, Haryana
INDIA-133207
 M.Sc.Chemistry- Scheme and Syllabi- (2018 -2020)

THIRD SEMESTER

S.No. Paper Paper Hrs/Week Credit Marks

Code Lecture Practicals (Ex+Int)
1 MCH-301 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry 4 - 4 100(60+40)
2 MCH-302 Pericyclic Reactions and PhotoChemistry 4 - 4 100(60+40)
3 MCH-303 Advanced Physical Chemistry 4 - 4 100(60+40)
4 MCH-304 Reagents and Heterocyclic Chemistry 4 - 4 100(60+40)
5 MCH-305 Inorganic Chemistry Practical-III - 6 3 100(40+60)
6 MCH-306 Organic Chemistry Practical-III - 6 3 100(40+60)
7 MCH-307 Physical Chemistry Practical-III - 6 3 100(40+60)
8 MCH-308 Summer Training - - 6 100(60+40)
Total 16 18 31 800
Summer Training presentations/evaluations will be on Saturdays
 Syllabus of MSc Chemistry-3rd Semester
MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
MCH-301 (Advanced Inorganic Chemistry)

L T P Continuous evaluation 40
4 0 0 End semester exam 60
Total marks 100
Credits 4.0

Course Objectives: To get an overview about chemistry of non-transition elements. To give students a
comprehensive understanding of the stereochemistry and bonding in main group compound. To have an
idea about the metal-ligand equilibria in solution.To develop interest in the field of organometallic
chemistry.

UNIT-I
Chemistry of Non-Transition Elements
Polymorphism of carbon, Phosphorous and Sulphur, synthesis, properties and structures of boranes,
carbaboranes, borazines, silicates, carbides, silicones, phosphazenes, Sulphur-nitrogen compounds,
oxyacids of nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur and halogens, interhalogens, pseudohalides and noble gas
compounds.

UNIT-II
Stereochemistry and Bonding in Main Group Compounds
VSEPR, Walsh diagram (tri and penta-atomic molecules), dπ-pπ bonds, Bent rule and energetics of
hybridization, some simple reactions of covalently bonded molecules.
Metal-Ligand Equilibria in Solution
Stepwise and overall formation constants and their interaction, trends in stepwise constants, factors
affecting the stability of metal complexes with reference to the nature of metal ion and ligand, Chelate
effect and its thermodynamic origin, determination of binary formationconstants by PH-metry and
spectrophotometry.

UNIT-III
Organometallic Chemistry-I
Oxidative Addition Reactions : Introduction, coordinatively-unsaturation, the acid base behaviour of
metal atoms in complexes, acceptor properties or Lewis-acidity of complexes, mechanism of addition of
specific molecules-hydrogen addition, HX addition, organic halides and addition of some other
molecules.
Reductive Elimination Reactions : Introduction, Migration or Insertion Reaction, Insertion of CO,
Promotion of alkyl migration, insertion of CO into M-H bonds, other aspects of CO insertion reactions,
transfer to other molecules-CO2, SO2, NO, isocyanide, insertion of alkenes and C-C unsaturated
compounds, Cleavage of C-H bonds, Alkane Activation- Cyclometallation Reaction, Oxidative addition
of weak acids, reactions of free hydrocarbons.

UNIT-IV
Organometallic Chemistry-II
Transition metal –Carbon single bond-An Introduction and types of compounds, acyls, formyls,
synthetic methods for M-C bonds, decomposition reaction, α, β and γ-hydride transfer reactions,
intramolecular reductive elimination, other reactions of M-C bonds,
Transition metal carbon multiple bonds : alkylidene complexes- Low-valent alkylidene complexes or
Fischer carbene, High-valent alkylidene complexes or Schrock carbene, Alkylidyne complexes-low-
valent alkylidyne or carbynes, bridging alkylidenes and alkylidynes complexes.

Course Outcome: The students will be able to discuss chemistry of non-transition elements like N, S, P
and halogen etc. They will be able to discuss VSEPR theory and its applications, bent rule etc. In
organometallic chemistry they will be able to explain the oxidative addition and reductive elimination
reactions, organometallic compounds involving transition metal carbon single bond and multiple bond.

Instructions for paper setter

Time of Examination: 3 Hours.The Question paper is divided in to two sections A and B, both compulsory.
Section A comprises of 12 questions (3 from each unit) of one mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions (1
from each unit with two alternatives) of 12 marks each.

Text/Reference Books:

1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Third Edition, F. A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Wiley Eastern
Limited, 1972.
2. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Fifth Edition, F. A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, John Wiley and
Sons, New York.
3. Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structures and Reactivity, J. E. Huheey,
E. A. Keiter, R. L. Keiter, HarperCollinsCollege Publishers, 1993, New York.
4. Concise Inorganic chemistry, Fifth edition, J. D. Lee, Blackwell Science Limited, 1996, Oxford,
UK.
 MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
MCH -302 (Pericyclic Reactions and PhotoChemistry)

L T P Continuous evaluation 40
4 0 0 End semester exam 60
Total marks 100
Credits 4.0

Course Objectives: To know the different types of concerted reactions in organic chemistry and orbital
correlation diagram. Students will be provided the detail of cycloaddition reaction, electrocyclic reaction
and sigmatropic rearrangement reactions. They will be familiarise with the important photochemical
reactions in Organic Chemistry. They will be given insight into the application part of photochemistry.

Unit-I
Pericyclic Reactions-I
Molecular orbital symmetry, frontier orbitals of ethylene, 1, 3-butadiene, 1, 3, 5-hexatriene and allyl
system. Classification of pericyclic reactions, Woodward-Hoffmann correlation diagram. FMO and
PMO approach, Electrocyclic reaction – conrotatory and disrotatory motions. 4n, 4n+2, allyl systems,
ring opening of cyclopropyl halides, cycloadditions-antarafacial and suprafacial additions, 4n and
4n+2 systems, 2+2 additions of ketenes, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and cheleotropic reactions.

UNIT-II
Pericyclic Reactions-II
Sigmatropic rearrangements – suprafacial and antarafacial shifts of H, sigmatropic shift of H,
sigmatropic shifts involving carbon moieties, retention and inversion of configuration, [3,3] and [5,5]
sigmatropic rearrangements, detailed treatment of Sommelet-Houser, Claisen and Cope
rearrangements, introduction to ene reactions. Simple problems on pericyclic reactions, Group
transfers and eliminations

UNIT-III
Photochemistry
Excitation and excited states, Franck-Condon Principle, Jablonski diagram, energy transfer
photosensitization, quenching, quantum efficiency and quantum yield.

Photochemistry of Alkenes: Intramolecular reactions of the olefinic bond- geometrical isomerism,

cyclization reaction of conjugated olefins, rearrangements of 1,4- & 1,5- dienes. Enone and dienone
rearrangements.
UNIT-IV

Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compounds: Norish type I and type II changes. Intramolecular

reactions of carbonyl compounds- saturated, cyclic and acyclic, α, β-unsaturated and β, γ-unsaturated
compounds Photochemistry of cyclic ketones: Paterno-Buchi reaction and Photoreduction

Miscellaneous Photochemical reactions: Photochemistry of Aromatic compounds (substitution,

isomerisation, cyclisation and cycloaddition reactions). Photo-fries reactions of anilides,
Photochemistry of Azides and Diazo compounds, Barton reaction
Applied Photochemistry. Elementary idea of Photochemistry of Vision, Photography-
Photoimaging, and Photochromism
Course Outcome: It will enable the student to get deep knowledge of pericyclic reactions. The student
will be able to apply different concept like FMO and PMO approach to cycloaddition, electrocyclic
reaction and sigmatropic reactions. The student will gain the insight into photochemistry of alkene,
carbonyl compounds. The get the basic idea of Photochemistry of Vision, Photography- Photoimaging,
and Photochromism.

Instructions for paper setter:

Time of Examination: 3 Hours.The Question paper is divided in to two sections A and B, both compulsory.
Section A comprises of 12 questions (3 from each unit) of one mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions (1
from each unit with two alternatives) of 12 marks each.

Text/Reference Books:

1. K.KRohtagi-Mukherji, Fundamentals of Photochemistry, Wiley Eastern

2. R.P.Kundall and A.Gilbert, Photochemistry, Thomson Nelson.
3. J.Coxon and B.Halton, Organic Photochemistry, CambridgeUniversity Press.
4. A.Cox and T.Camp, Introductory Photochemistry, McGraw Hill.
5. S.M. Mukherji, Pericyclic Reactions, Macmillan, India.
6. J.Singh and L.D.S Yadav, Advance Organic Chemistry, Pragati Prakashan, Meerut.
7. H. O. House, Modern Organic Reactions. 2nd Edition (1972), Benjamin/Cummings
Publishing Company, California
 MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
MCH-303 (Advanced Physical Chemistry)

L T P Continuous evaluation 40
4 0 0 End semester exam 60
Total marks 100
Credits 4.0

Course Objectives: The course intends to impart knowledge on advanced concepts of electrochemistry.
To learn about the batteries and fuel cell, types of polaisation etc. To impart student the knowledge of
principle and mechanism of corrosion. To understand about micelles and emulsions. Students will get
exposure of the understanding of liquid-gas and liquid interfaces and electrical double layer.

UNIT-I

Advanced Electro Chemistry:

Ion solvent interactions and electrolysis: The Born model and expression for the free energy of ion –
solvent interactions.
Batteries and Fuel cells: significance of Fuel cells, Hydrogen – oxygenand natural gas,air, and carbon
monoxide fuel cells, air fuel cells.
Electrolysis: Decomposition potential, calculations and determinations
Polarization: types of polarizations, over voltage and hydrogen and oxygen over voltage.

UNIT-II

Corrosion:
Introduction of corrosion, Types of corrosion, pilling - Bed worth rule of corrosion, corrosion of metal
and expression for corrosion rates, passivity, electrochemical theory of corrosion, polarization of
electrodes, anodic and cathodic polarization curves, Prevention of corrosion, Stern-Geary equation,
principles of anodic and cathodic protection.
UNIT-III
Micelle:
Surface activity, surface active agents and their classification, micellisation, critical micelle
concentration (cmc) thermodynamics of micellation, factors affecting cmc, reverse micelle, solublisation
of water insoluble organic substances, and use of surfactants in oil recovery.

Emulsion:
Types of emulsion, theories of emulsion stability, identification of emulsion types, inversion emulsion,
micro emulsion: theory and application.

UNIT-IV

Liquid-Gas and Liquid Interfaces:

Surface tension, capillary action, method of determination of surface tension, surface tension across
curved surfaces, vapor pressure of droplet (Kelvin equation),surface spreading coefficient, contact angle,
constant angle hysteries, wetting and detergency.

Electrical Double Layer:

Helmholtz-Perrin theory, Gouy-Chapman theory, Stern’s theory, Quantitative treatment of Zeta potential,
Measurement of Zeta potential by electrophoresis, Importance of Zeta potential.

Course Outcome: On completion student will be able to discuss Born model and expression for the
free energy of ion-solvent interactions; about batteries and fuel cells; electrolysis and polarization. They
will gain knowledge on types, mechanism and prevention of corrosion. They will have enough
knowledge on concept of micelles and emulsions etc.

Instructions for paper setter:

Time of Examination: 3 Hours.The Question paper is divided in to two sections A and B, both compulsory.
Section A comprises of 12 questions (3 from each unit) of one mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions (1
from each unit with two alternatives) of 12 marks each.

Text/Reference Books:
1. V. Moroi, Micelles, Theoretical and Applied Aspects, Plenum.
2. S. Glasstone, Electrochemistry, Affiliated East-West Press
3. J.M. Hollas, Modern Spectroscopy, John Wiley.
4. P.W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, ELBS.
5. J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Modern Electrochemistry Vol. I and Vol. II,
6. Plenum.
7. S.J.Gregg: “The Surface Chemistry of Solids”, Chapman and Hall
8. N.K.Adam: “The Physics and Chemistry of Surfaces”, OxfordUniversity Press
 MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
Reagents and Heterocyclic Chemistry

MCH-304

L T P Continuous evaluation 40
4 0 0 End semester exam 60
Total marks 100
Credits 4.0

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to provide an opportunity to develop understanding
of reagents used in organic synthesis. To study the detail of some rearrangement reactions. To learn the
chemistry of aliphatic and aromatic heterocyclic compounds.

UNIT-I
Reagents in Organic Synthesis
Preparation, properties and applications of the following in organic synthesis with mechanistic
details- Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC),1,3-Dithiane(reactivity
umpolong), Ttrimethylisilyliodide, osmium tetraoxide, DDQ, selenium dioxide, phase transfer
catalysts(crown ethers), AD-mix-α and AD-mix-β reagents, Wilkinson’s catalyst. Grubb’s catalyst,
iodobenzene diacetate, Gilmen’s reagent.
UNIT-II

Name Reactions & Rearrangements

A detailed study of the following rearrangements- Demjanov, Favroskii, Arndt-Eistert synthesis,
Neber, Baeyer-Villiger, Shapiro reaction, Hoffmann-Loffer-Fretag reaction, Chichibabin reaction.
Heck reaction, Mitsunobu reaction, Suzuki cross-coupling, Sonogashira cross-coupling, Peterson’s
synthesis Chapman Rearrangement.

UNIT-III

Heterocyclic Chemistry
Aromatic Heterocycles: General chemical behavior of aromatic heterocycles, nomenclature
(structural type), criteria of aromaticity, bond length, ring current and chemical shifts in 1H NMR
spectra, empirical resonance energy,

Non-aromatic Heterocycles: Strained bond angle and torsional strain and their consequences in
small ring heterocycles. Conformation of six membered heterocycles with references to molecular
geometry, barrier to ring inversion, pyramidal inversion and 1, 3- diaxial interaction. Attractive
interactions – hydrogen bonding
UNIT-IV

Heterocyclic Synthesis (three, four and benzofused five membered): Three membered rings-
synthesis and reactions of aziridines, oxiranes, and thiiranes. Synthesis and reactions of indoles,
oxazoles, pyrazoles and thiazoles.
Six membered Heterocycles with one, two or more heteroatoms: Synthesis and reactions of
pyrylium salts and pyrones . Synthesis of pyrimidines and purines.
Course Outcome: At the end student will be able to discuss about the preparation, properties and
applications of the different organic reagents. They get knowledge of many name reactions and some
rearrangement reactions. They get deep insight into the heterocyclic chemistry of compound containing
3, 4, 5 and 6 membered ring with hetero atoms.

Instructions for paper setter:

Time of Examination: 3 Hours.The Question paper is divided in to two sections A and B, both compulsory.
Section A comprises of 12 questions (3 from each unit) of one mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions (1
from each unit with two alternatives) of 12 marks each.

Text/Reference Books::
1. J .Mann, R.S. Davidson, J.B. Hobbs, D.V. Banthrope and J. B. Harborne, Natural
Products: Chemistry and Biological significance. Longman, Essex.
2. I.L.Finar, Organic Chemistry, Vol-II, 5th Edition, Longman Ltd. New Delhi, 1975.
3. Fieser and Fieser, Reagents in Organic Synthesis, Wiley
4. F.A.Carey and R.I.Sundberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Part-B, 3rd Edition,
Plenum Press, 1990.
5. R.K.Bansal, Heterocyclic Chemistry: Synthesis, Reactions and Mechanism, 3rd
Edition, 1999.
6. T.L.Gilchrist, Heterocyclic Chemistry, 3rd Edition, Addison-Wesley Longman Ltd.,
England, 1997.
7. R.R.Gupta, M. Kumar and V. Gupta, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Vol. I-3, Springer
Verlag.
8. J.A.Joule, K. Mills and G.F.Smith, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Chapman and Hall.
9. A.R.Katritzky and C.W. Rees, Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, eds.
Pergamon Press.
10. J. Fhrhop and G.Penzillin, Organic Synthesis- Concept, Methods and Starting Materials, Verlag
VCH.
11. F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundburg, Advanced Organic Chemistry-Part B, Plenum Press.
 MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
MCH-305(Inorganic Chemistry Practical III)

L T P Continuous evaluation 60
0 0 6 End semester exam 40
Total marks 100
Credits 3.0

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to provide students with an opportunity to develop
skills in doing experiments of separation and determination of two metal ions involving volumetric and
gravimetric methods. The student will also develop skills in quantitative analysis of elements or groups
in the complexes, mixtures, ores, alloys.

I. Quantitative Analysis :
1. Separation and determination of two metal ions such as Ag- Cu, Cu-Ni, Cu-Zn, Ni-Zn, Cu-Fe,
Fe-Mg etc. involving volumetric and gravimetric methods.
2. Quantitative analysis of elements or groups in the complexes, mixtures, ores, alloys etc. by
available analytical techniques like gravimetry,volumetry and complexometry.

II. Lab Record and Viva Voce.

Course Outcome: On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to separate and
determine two metal ions such as Ag- Cu, Cu-Ni, Cu-Zn, Ni-Zn, Cu-Fe, Fe-Mg etc. involving
volumetric and gravimetric methods. They will be able to perform quantitative analysis of elements or
groups in the complexes, mixtures, ores, alloys by available analytical techniques.

Text/Reference Books:
1. A Text Book of Micro and Semi –micro quantitative analysis, A.I.Vogel, Orient Longman.
2. A Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, J.Bassett, R.C Denney, G.B.
Jaffery and J. Menaham, Longman, London.
 MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
MCH-306 (Organic Chemistry Practical- III)

L T P Continuous evaluation 60
0 0 6 End semester exam 40
Total marks 100
Credits 3.0

Time of Examination: Six Hours (Two Sessions each of three hours)

Course Objectives: To develop skills in the systematic analysis of a binary organic mixture. To analyse
these organic mixtures and confirm their structures. To provide the skill to extract the organic
compounds from some natural source.

1. Qualitative Analysis:
Systematic analysis of a binary organic mixture
(solid+solid; liquid+liquid) including separation by
chemical analysis and confirmation of their structures with IR and
PMR spectral data (IR and PMR spectra to be provided).

2. Extraction of Organic compounds from natural source:

Isolation of caffeine from tea leaves.
Isolation of casein from milk.
Isolation of lactose from milk.
Isolation of β-carotene from tea carrots.

3. Lab Record and Viva -Voce.

Note: Any other practical may be introduced.

Course Outcome: At the end of the course, the students will be able to analysis the binary organic
mixture (solid + solid; liquid + liquid) including separation by chemical analysis and confirmation of
their structures with IR and PMR spectral data. The students will get an experience to isolate the
organic compound from natural source.

Text/Reference Books:
1. A Hand book of Organic Analysis-Qualitative and Text Book of Macro and
Semi-micro Quantitative Analysis, A.I.Vogel, Orient Longman.
2. A Vogel's Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, J. Bassett, R.C. Denney,
G.B. Jaffery and J. Menaham, Longman, London.
3. Systematic Qualitative Organic Analysis by H. Middleton, Edward Arnold
(Publisher) Limited, London 1959.
4. Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry by Arthur I. Vogel, EXCBS Publishers
and Distributors.
5. Experiments in Organic Chemistry by Louis, F.Fieser, D.C. Heath and Company
Boston, 1955.
6. Organic Analytical Chemistry by Jag Mohan, Narosa Publishing House.
 MSc. (3rd Semester) Chemistry
MCH- 307 (Physical Chemistry Practical- III)
L T P Continuous evaluation 60
0 0 6 End semester exam 40
Total marks 100
Credits 3.0

Time of examination: 6 Hours

Course Objectives: To student will learn the technique of drawing binary and ternary phase diagram.
They will get hand on experience of analyzing rate constant of some reactions. To perform some
experiment on refractrometry. To learn some experiments based on complexometry, viscometry and
spectrophotometry

Phase rule
1. Ternary Phase diagram of a water, benzene, and acetic acid.
2 Phase diagram of a binary organic system ( Naphthalene and Diphenyl)
3 To determine the composition and amount of the layers obtained by mixing 50 g of
phenol with 50 g of water at 40oC.

Chemical Kinetics
4 Equilibrium constant of KI+I2 = KI3 by distribution constant.
5 Analysis of halide mixture by differential potentiometry.
6 Rate constant of acid catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose by chemical method.
7 Kinetics of KI with persulphate and study of salt effect.

Refractometry
8 To determine the refractive index of ethyle alcohol by Abbe refactometer and find
specific and molar refraction.
9 To determine the molar refractivity and to calculate the refraction equivalents of
C & H atom to show constancy of CH2.
10 To determine the refractive index of a series of different conc. of KCl and hence
determine the composition of unknown solution of salt.

Complexometry and viscometry

11 Study of complex formation by Job’s method.

12 Determination of molecular weight of a polymer (Polystyrene) by viscosity measurement
Spectrophotometry
14 To titrate the solution of HCl with NaOH spectrophotometrically.
15 Verification of Beer Lambert law.

LAB RECORD & VIVA-VOCE

Any other experiments can be introduced in the class
Course Outcome: It will enable the students to get deep understanding of application of phase rule. The
students will get knowledge of studying kinetics of various reactions. They will be able to determine the
refractive index of different unknown solution. Student will understand the determination of M.wt of
polymer and Spectrophotometric titration.

Text/Reference Books:
1. Practical Physical Chemistry, A.M. James and Prichard, Longman.
2. Finfley’s Practical physical Chemistry, B.P. Lavitt, Longoman.
3. Practical physical Chemistry, S.R. Palit and S.K. De, Science.
4. Experimental physical Chemistry, R.C. Das and B. Behra , Tata McGraw Hill.
5. Advanced Practical physical Chemistry, J.B. Yadav, Goel Publishing House
6. Experiments in physical Chemistry, D.P. Shoemaker.
7. Experiments in physical Chemistry, D. V. Jahagirdh