MO 12 HOLIDAYS

British and American holidays and their national cuisine

 religious holidays in the UK and the USA – when, how, why celebrated, typical
symbols and cuisine
 typically British holidays – when, how, why celebrated, typical symbols and
cuisine
 official American holidays – when, how, why celebrated, typical symbols
 other regional food specialities of the UK (or other English-speaking countries)

cesmína ostrolistá holly

40 dní před Easter, kdy se moc nejí lent
not eat fast
slunovrat soltice = sun returnns, longest day or night
rovnodennost equinox
symbol of Easter fertility
vzkříšení Ježíše ressurection
ukřižování crucified
person who is not christian pagan
jesličky crib= jesus layed as baby
a typical scene displaying the place birth of a nativity scene
Jesus
jmelí mistltoe
břečťan ivy
an empty sock or sock-shaped bag that is stockings
hung on Saint Nicholas Day or Christmas
Eve so that Saint Nicholas, those little gifts
are called?
festive table decorations that make a crackers
snapping sound when pulled open, and
typically contain a small gift, paper hat and
a joke
koleda carol
carved lantern, most commonly made from Jack-o'-lantern
a pumpkin, to scare Jack and other evil
spirits away on the night of Samhain
savoury pudding containing sheep's pluck, haggies
minced with onion, cooked in the sheep’s
stomach; UK- St. Andrew’s
British side dish, baked pudding made from Yorkshire pudding
a batter of eggs, flour, and milk
type of blood sausage made from pork black pudding
sweet, dried-fruit pudding traditionally Christmas pudding
served as part of Christmas dinner
topping or sauce often made from the gravy
juices of meats, thickened with corn starch

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an embellishment added to a food to garnishes
enhance its appearance or taste
a veggie similiar to cabbage brussels sprouts
a roughly made model of a person that is effigy
made in order to be damaged or destroyed
as a protest, in UK a figure of Guy Fawks is
burnt during Bonfire Night
táborák bonfire
american bread roll a bagel
2 bisquits w/ cream cheese + jam inside, scones
typically served w tea=> cream tea –
Scotland origin
a type of clover, used as a symbol of a shamrock
Ireland. Saint Patrick, one of Ireland's
patron saints, supposed to show you his
secret spot of gold
a supernatural elf in Irish folklore, a symbol a leprechaun
of St. Patrick’s day- Irish
a gift of fluent beautiful speech, you can eloquence
explain to all questions you receive after
kissing the Blarney stone
a large number of people marching or riding a parade
in vehicles, all moving in the same, as part
of a public celebration
a christmas ring shaped decoration made a wreath
usually from spruce, symbolizes a circle of
eternal life
a scottish skirt a kilt
bears bright yellow flowers with a long a daffodil
trumpet-shaped centre, symbol of Easter,
symbolizes rebirth, new beginnings, hope,
joy, and good luck
a traveler who is on a journey to a holy a pilgrim
place, 1620 voyage aboard the ship
Mayflower and founded Plymouth
(Thanksgiving)
his purpose was to spread and convert a missionary= a patron saint
christianity among the pagan
odkaz legacy
black divided from white a segregation
klasik. obyč. pracovníci common workers
dávání hold pay tribute
dudy bagpipes
a sausage wrapped in bacon pigs in blankets
a typical cornish puffed paestry with thick cornish paestry
edge and filling (veggies, minced meat),
eaten by miners
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 yeast extract a marmite

religious holidays in the UK and the USA – when, how, why celebrated, typical symbols and
cuisine

UK and USA common holidays: Halloween, Christmas, Easter

UK religious holidays
1) Easter
- pre-christian roots: crucifixion od Jesus, Easter Sunday- resurrection of Jesus- March 31st
- pagan roots: spring equnoix, fertility
- Lent- fasting period
- celebrations: rattles (an instrument that makes noise while shaking), dyed eggs, bunnies,
egg-hunting

2) Christmas – religious christian holiday

origin
- prehistorically celebration of midwinter solstice
- birth of Jesus in Bethlehem
- symbols: crib, nativity scene, the three Magi (3 králové)
nowadays
 Christmas Eve – 24th
 Christmas day- 25th
 Boxing day- 26th- British: servants to visit their families since they would have had to
serve their masters on Christmas Day. The employers would give each servant a box
to take home containing gifts, bonuses, and sometimes leftover food.
- stocking, Father Christmas (sledge, reindeer, chimney), holy, ivy, unwrap, roast turkey w
chestnut stuffing- american, mince pie, a coin, ring a thimble, Queen’s speech

3) Good Friday
=> the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary
- 29th March
- fasting from meat and eating fish, attending church services, fasting, praying and
reflecting on the meaning of Christ's sacrifice

typically British holidays – when, how, why celebrated, typical symbols and cuisine

St. David’s Day March Wales – Patron Saint of Wales; symbolic

St. Patrick’s Day
St. Georges’s Day
The Queen’s / King’s Official
Birthday
flower- daffodil; green+ white colour;
costumes; parades
March irish; leprechaun; death date of Saint
Patrick- saint patron of Ireland
April British, symbolic flower- rose , legend:
George killed a dragon
June trooping the colour= paying tribute to royal
family; soldiers in front of Buckingham

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 Palace
Remembrance Day November commemorates British service members
who have died in wars and other military
conflicts since the World War I
St. Andrew’s Day November Scotland, quilts, bagpipes
Spring Bank Holiday May day off
Summer Bank Holiday August banks and financial institutions would take
days off
Bonfire Night November Guy Fawk’s Night => Gun Powder Plot-
unsucesfull attempt to blow out Parliament
by catholics

THE US federal holidays

- puts on flag, fireworks

Martin Luther King’s Day January he was priest+ non violent fighter of civil
rights movememt and equality of black
people=> succesful
- leader of civil rights movement
- gave a famous speech- 1963 in
Washington
- assassinated
President’s Day Febuary - initially celebrated the birth of American’s
1st president George Washington (= general
of Independance Army)
= commemorates president’s birthday

Memorial Day May - honours fallen soldiers who died at any

american war
- military parades
- in Washington D.C. – lay wreath on the
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier- Arlington
cemetery
Independence Day July 4th - 1776 Declaration of Independance was
signed
- document estabilishing the separation
from Britain
-signed by Founding Fathers in Philadelphia
Labor Day September the achievemnts of common workers
Columbus Day Febuary 1492
Veteran’s Day November = honours all people who served or are still
serving in american millitary forces
- dedicated especially to those who still
serve
Thanksgiving Day 4th Tuesday = celebration of survival of Pilgrom fathers
November - native americans helped Pilgrom fathers
who were puritans, were escaping from

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 prosecution
- ship 1620 in Plymouth
- native americans helped them w growing
croops etc.
- typical feast: roast Turkey, pumpkin pie,
side desserts…

commercial holidays in the USA

 St. Valentine’s Day
 April Fool’s Day
 Secretary’s Day: to celebrate secretaries, who were then only women. He aimed to
show how valuable secretaries are and to encourage more women to join this
position
 Mother’s Day and Father’s Day
 Flag Day: the United States approved the design for its first national flag

regional food specialities of the UK

BRITISH CUISINE
- Christmas dinner: roasted turkey, stuffing, gravy, pigs in blankets, roast potatoes, Brussels
sprouts, Yorkshire pudding, mince pies, Christmas pudding- filled with dried fruits and
soaked in alcohol
- Sunday roast: pork/ beef, Yorkshire pudding- salty paestry, veggies+ potatoes
- Cornish paestry- thick edge
- scones with clotted cream and jam served with tea
- Marmalade from orange peel
- Marmite
- Haggies – served on St. Andrew’s
- pies- sweet/ salty paestry

AMERICAN CUISINE
- Thanksgiving menu: Roast Turkey with gravy, Cranberry Sauce, Roasted Sweet Potatoes,
Brussels Sprouts, Mashed Potatoes, Pumpkin Pie
- bagel
- doughnuts
- clam chowder - cream-based onion, celery, potatoes, diced carrots, cream, and clam
(mlž)
- texas barbecue: smoked beef brisket, ribs, sausages
- burger
- bakes beans
- brownies