ENROLLEMENT CODE LMS:

44ME-A: 159234807
MATH-351- NUMERICAL METHODS 44ME-B: 314672058

44ME-C: 958036712
 CHAPTER- 3 -

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

 Interpolation: Numerical method to approximate
• numbers
• functions
over a given interval [a,b].

The function to be approximated is usually defined through the set of its values
a n+1 distinct points lying in the closed interval [a,b]. That is (xi,f(xi)) for
i=0,1,2,……n where x0=a and xn=b

The problem is to determine a

function which passes the distinct
points

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

 Types of Interpolation:
• Polynomial Interpolation
• Spline Interpolation (piecewise continuous functions)

Polynomial Interpolation:
• Lagrange Interpolation Method
• Newton’s Divided Differences Interpolation Method
• Newton’s Forward Differences Interpolation Method
• Newton’s Backward Differences Interpolation Method

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
 FORMULA

If

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

 EXAMPLE

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

 EXAMPLE- 01

For the given data points (1,1.54) , (2, 0.58) , (3, 0.01) , (4, 0.35); Construct the Lagrange Interpolating
Polynomial to approximate the value of the function at x=2.6.

Solution:

STEP I :- Approximate polynomial function

of degree three i.e: f(x)=𝑷𝟑 (x)

STEP II:- Find 𝒇 𝟐. 𝟔 = 𝑷𝟑 𝟐. 𝟔 = … … … … … . .

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
 INTERPOLATING CONDITIONs:

𝑷𝟑 𝒙𝒊 = 𝒇𝒊 , 𝒊 = 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐, … . . 𝒏

Let 𝑷𝟑 𝒙𝒊 = 𝒇𝒊 , 𝒊 = 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑.

Let 𝒊 = 𝟏, 𝑷𝟑 𝒙𝟏 = 𝒇𝟏 ,
𝒊 = 𝟐, 𝑷𝟑 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒇𝟐 ,
𝒊 = 𝟑, 𝑷𝟑 𝒙𝟑 = 𝒇𝟑 .

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
 EXAMPLE

For the given data points (1,1.54) , (2, 0.58) , (3, 0.01) , (4, 0.35); Construct the Newton’s Divided Difference
Interpolating Polynomial to approximate the value of the function at x= 2.6.

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff

MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff
MATH-351- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS– Dr. Samreen Sheriff