Homework 02

1. Network model
The network database model was created to solve the shortcomings of the hierarchical
database model. In this model data is represented as record types and also represents a limited
type of one-to-many (1:N) relationship, known as a set type. This type of relationship relates
one instance of a record to many record instances using a pointer linking mechanism in these
models. In this type of model, one model can be linked to multiple parts a feature that was not
supported by the hierarchical data model. The network database model was created to solve
the shortcomings of the hierarchical database model.

2. Hierarchical model
These models represent data as hierarchical tree structures. Hierarchy represents a number of
related records and it has no standard language. In this tree, the parent could be associated to
multiple child nodes, but a child node could have only one parent. In the case of directories
and files, it could be said that a single directory further contained multiple files or directories,
those directories then contains more files and so on.

3. Relational data model

This is the most widely used in traditional commercial DBMSs. The relational data model is a
database which has a collection of tables, where each table can be stored as a separate file.
This is a simple but efficient data model and has the capability to handle data in the best
possible manner. Relationships between tables represent relationships between objects in the
universe. The table name and column names are helpful to interpret the meaning of values in
each row. The data are represented as a set of relations. In the relational model, data are
stored as tables. The relationships between the tables are also represented by keys.

4. Object oriented data model

Object oriented data model is based upon real world situations. They define a database in
terms of objects, their properties and their operations. Each object has different attributes and
all these objects have multiple relationships in between them. Objects with the same structure
and behavior belong to a class which are organized into hierarchies. The operations of each
class are specified in terms of methods which are predefined procedures. The structure of the
data model is created according to these methods.

5. Object Relational model

An Object relational model is a combination of an Object oriented database model and a
Relational database model. Thereby, just like Object Oriented models it supports objects,
classes, inheritance etc. and also has support for data types, tabular structures etc. similar to
Relational data model.