TOURISM QUIZ NOTES

1. SANDUGO – Bohol’s annual

- commemoration of the Blood Compact between Rajah Sikatuna and Miguel Lopez de Legazpi on March 16, 1565.
The Sandugo is highlighted by street dancing depicting friendship and international diplomacy.
- It is the weeklong activity highlighted with the various competitions/exhibits of all town’s products and delicacies
together with the Search for Miss Bohol Sandugo Festival.
-
2. UBI Festival
- is Boholanos promotion of their number one root crop, ubi and its different variants which are displayed strategically
including the many products created from it. The queen of ubi variants is the kinampay, which makes for the best
jams, putos, and whatnots.
- Through the Ubi Festival, the crop has become more recognized in the Philippines. In fact, it has made it to the top
five banner crops, which can be reproduced in many forms that sell not just in the country but in other countries as
well. Aside from jams, purees, chips, and ice cream, ubi has been used generously as an ingredient in cakes, tarts,
macaroons, doughnuts, and flans to name a few.

3. WEDDING RITUAL
Solili - Where the groom's kin size-up and get to know the bride.

Pamalaye - It is a man's way of showing his respect and true intentions as well as the couple's manifestation of respect to
both of their families.
- The family of the bride ask for assurance that their daughter will be well taken cared for. The guy is usually
accompanied with his own folks and family. It is a way of saying that their son wants to marry the daughter of the
other family involved.
Pangagad- In lieu of paying a dowry, a Filipino man wishing to wed into a traditional family is expected to perform
household service to the bride’s family as proof of his sincerity and fortitude. This can include anything from fetching
water and chopping firewood, working in the farm as well as running household errands. This usually lasts about one
year. This is more of a test period–as the rendering of the “pangagad” still does not guarantee irrevocable acceptance of
the marriage proposal. Thus, it is appropriately known as “Paninilbihan” (being of service) or “Subok” (trial) to the
Tagalogs. In Bicol, it is called the “Pamianan.”
Ap ap
Ganas
4. PALIHI RITUAL
Pagtukod og bag-ong balay - Many of these beliefs are based on sound planning practices that do not have to be overly
emphasized. Like, for example, orienting the building to take in the healthful effects of the rays of the morning sun by
having wide windows facing the rising sun to take in the cleansing rays of sunlight during daybreak as well as to admit
the prevailing southeast breezes to cool your house.
- It is more advantageous if two faces of the house take in the morning sun. This can be achieved if a corner of the
house take in the morning sun. This can be achieved if a corner of the house faces east. In fact, most educated
Filipinos are of the belief that the more windows your residence has (or the larger they are), the better the chances of
your house absorbing natural and spiritual graces.
Unang pagtanom - Many of these beliefs are based on sound planning practices that do not have to be overly
emphasized. Like, for example, orienting the building to take in the healthful effects of the rays of the morning sun by
having wide windows facing the rising sun to take in the cleansing rays of sunlight during daybreak as well as to admit
the prevailing southeast breezes to cool your house.
- It is more advantageous if two faces of the house take in the morning sun. This can be achieved if a corner of the
house take in the morning sun. This can be achieved if a corner of the house faces east. In fact, most educated
Filipinos are of the belief.
Unang regla - The rolling of egg on your cheek and forehead is supposed to transfer the smoothness of the egg’s shell
onto your facial skin so you will blossom into a woman with fine pores and clear complexion.
o (Jump the Last three Steps of a Stair)you are supposed to jump from the “Oro’ level skipping Plata and Mata,
this way as you grow up you will attract luck in all things because you stood in a lucky position when you
embrace this new phase in your life. You will be flying through your life breezily, easily.
o (Swiping Underwear on the Face)The result of this ritual is so that you, the girl, will have clear complexion
and you will not suffer terrible menstruation cramps every time you have your monthly period.

5. DEATH RITUAL
 9 days novena - After the burial a nine day "Novena", is offered to the dead. These group prayers are held to help the
deceased enter the gates of heaven. The fourth and ninth days are said to be the time where the soul of the deceased comes
back. A food offering is left outside the door of the family’s house during these days to offer to the soul of the deceased.
40 days - The 40th day after the death of the person is celebrated because it is said that on that day the spirit of the
deceased ascends to heaven.
Hubkas - Exactly one year from the day of the death, a final mourning is celebrated. The family prepares a feast and,
together with the visitors, offers prayers to the deceased. Some provinces consider this as the day where the family can go
back to wearing colored clothes.

6. LITERARY ANTHOLOGIES

Balitaw sa Paghangyo sa gugma - It is written in a simple and direct style and usually expresses love and respect
towards opposite sex.

Balak - It is a piece of writing in which the words are chosen for their beauty and sound & are carefully arranged, often
in short lines which rhyme.

7. FOLKTALES/SHORT STORIES

Ngano nga Mokakha ang Manok - It is the lost necklace that caused chickens to keep on scratching the ground.

Nganong Dili Mahimong Dili Mokakha ang Himungaang Manok - The story behind why hens scratch the ground.
o The behavior of chicken compare to other fowls.

The First Visayan Man and Woman - The scenario of a married couple where quarrel & disagreement are caused by
uncontrolled emotions of both parties resulting to a broken marriage.
Ang Kahoy nga Dakit - The mystical, fantastic and intriguing tree which caught the attraction and attention of the
villagers, passers-by, and travelers.
8. LOCAL HEROES

Tamblot (Died 1622) - A babaylan or native priest from Bohol, Philippines who led the Tamblot Uprising (one of the
earliest recorded uprisings in 1621 to 1622) against Spain.

Francisco Dagohoy (Died 1829) - Led the longest revolt in Philippine history which was ignited by forced labor,
Spanish oppression, vandala, excessive tax collection and payment of tribute.
- Francisco Dagohoy’s agility in movement from one place to another

9. HISTORICAL EVENTS

Blood Compact - Tribal tradition to seal a friendship, a pact or treaty, or to validate an agreement
o Pact or treaty to end hostility
o a major tourist attraction in Bohol with its historical and visual values.
o Its statue is made by Napoleon Abueva and is made out of bronze

10. ENDURING VALUES

Pag-amen (Mano po)- Pag-amen is a gesture used in Filipino culture performed as a sign of respect to elders and as a
way of accepting a blessing from the elder. Similar to hand-kissing, the person giving the greeting bows towards the
offered hand of the elder and presses his or her forehead on the elder's hand. Usually performed with the right hand, the
person showing respect may ask “Mano po” to the elder in order to ask permission to initiate the gesture. Typically,
someone may mano to his or her older relatives upon entry into their home or upon seeing them.
- The word “mano” is Spanish for “hand” while the word “po” is often used in Filipino culture and language at the end
of each sentence as a sign of respect when addressing someone older. Put together, “mano po” literally translates to
“your hands please” as the greeting initiates the gesture of touching the back of the hand of an elder lightly on one’s
 forehead. The Philippines is the only country in Asia that holds this specific tradition and its origins evolved from the
mixture of western and eastern tradition.
Bayanihan/Dayong - It is helping out one’s neighbor as a community, and doing a task together, thus lessening the
workload and making the job easier. It is also called the ‘community spirit’. It is best exhibited when people wish to
move locations in the rural area.
Paglantaw og utang kabubut-on - Literally, it means an ‘internal debt”. Figuratively, it means “lifelong reciprocation”,
“immeasurable gratitude”, “Favors quantified exponentially”.
- It’s one of the unique traits that makes us so Filipino, so Pinoy, originating from our hospitable and generous nature.
It overflows in reaching out and helping others with no expectation of any return. It operates just like the pay forward
concept which in simple terms mean, “Pass on to others that good deed that has been done to you.”
Pag-atiman sa katigulangan - Because of this remarkable closeness, grandparents are commonly seen living with their
children in the Philippines. Filipino elderly enjoy their remaining lives inside their houses with their children and
grandchildren looking after them.
Folk healing (Albularyo, Manghihilot, Mananabang, Espiritista/Faith Healer) - Most folk healers in Philippines
believe that their "medicinal" and healing skills come from a supernatural being or given to them by God. Their practice
and methods of curing ailments involves superstitions, recitation of prayers and religious rituals accompanied by the
mediation of the Holy Spirit, herbology, hydrotherapy, massage therapy, and divination. Although often found active in
rural communities, traditional Filipino healers can also be found in small urban and suburban neighborhoods. During
Spanish times in the Philippines, the Spaniards refer to folk doctors or traditional as mediquillos ("herbal scientists"),
herbolarios, and sometimes as "superstitious quacks". They were even called by the Spaniards simply as matanda (the
"elder").
11. INDIGENOUS MATERIALS

Galingang Bato – It’s 2 big stones cylindrically cut into two same sizes: about 8 inches high and with a circumference of
about 12-15 inches used grinding corn.
Hungot – The material used is Coconut shell. And it is used as water dipper, food storage, dipper and drinking container,
etc. It can also be used as measuring device.
Sugong – It’s a Straight Bamboo tube at about 1 meter long. It is used by the “tuba” gatherer as temporary storage of
“tuba” or coconut wine. It is a container which is made of a straight bamboo tube at about 1 meter long used by tuba
gatherer as temporary. Uses of bamboo tree storage of “tuba” or wine.
Sag – ob – It is a Straight Bamboo tube at about 2 meters long. It is used for fetching water. This is used because of the
availability of free water container in mountainous areas like spring.
12. INDIGENOUS CULTURAL COMMUNITIES/INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous - It refers to a group of people or homogenous societies who have
continuously lived as organized community on communally bounded and defined territory, and who have, under claims
of ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such territories, sharing common bonds of
language, customs, traditions and other distinctive cultural traits, or who have, through resistance to political, social and
cultural inroads of colonization, no indigenous religions and cultures, became historically differentiated from the
majority of Filipinos. ICCs/IPs shall likewise include peoples who are regarded as indigenous on account of their descent
from the populations which inhabited the country, at the time of conquest or colonization, or at the time of inroads of
nonindigenous religions and cultures, or the establishment of present state.

13. INDIGENOUS GAMES (Materials and Mechanics may vary depending on the Locality)

Takyan
Materials: Any light material made like a shuttle of badminton or washers/bottle cups wrap with candy wrappers or
kalachuchi flowers tied together or bunch of rubberbands.
Mechanics:
Players agree as to who will play first. He counts as many points as he can throw the shuttle up using his foot. When the
shuttle falls down, it ends his time for the first round and the other player does the same until the number of rounds is
completed. Whoever gets the highest point is the winner. This can be played individually or by group.

Bato-Lata
Materials:
Slipper and empty tin can
Mechanics:
Make a circle with a diameter of 2 feet on the grounds or any vacant place available for the game. Place a tin can at the
middle and use slippers to hit the can.
Before the game starts, all players throw a stone on the demarcation line. Whoever is away from the line is the "IT".
The rest of the players start striking the tin can when the "IT" says go. The purpose of striking the tin can is to have it
out of the circle. If the can turns down, the “IT” will chase the rest of the players. The “IT” tries his best to pick up the tin
can as fast as he can and returns it back to the middle of the circle, then runs immediately after the players to catch them.
Whoever is caught is the next “IT”.
However, if one of the players strikes the tin can and his stone lands inside the circle, he now becomes the next "IT".

Sungka
Materials:
98 pcs. Stones/shells/ seeds, wooden sungkaan or any improvised gadget or mere holes on the ground as desired.
Mechanics:
Only 2 players facing each other will play the game.
Seven stones will be placed in each hole except the big holes found at the opposite ends of the sungkaan. Each player
owns 7 small holes which are directly in front of them and the big holes at the left side are considered their home
bases/head holes.
To start the game, each player chooses any hole in front, takes out the seven stones and drops 1 stone to the next holes
going to the left, also dropping 1 stone to his home base/head hole. If the player’s last stone ends to a hole with stones, he
takes out the stones and continue dropping to the next holes. However, if he happens to end at a vacant hole, he stops
playing and gives chance to the opponent who has still more stones, but if the player stops in his vacant hole and the
opposite hole has stones he gets the jackpot (termed as “hantok”), and definitely loses his turn to play so the opponent
continues to play following the same procedure. The player who has more number of stones in his home base/head hole
is the winner.

Biko-Biko (Piko)
Materials:
Flat objects and a piece of stick.
Mechanics:
Make a diagram of 4 squares and a half moon at the end of I side on the ground.
Doing the ‘Jack-en-Poy’, the first player is determined. He throws the flat object (known as “awayan”) to the 1st square
and the player pushes it to the next square ahead with his foot until he finishes the 4 squares.
When the flat object stops on the line of the diagram, he is considered "PASO"or mistaken. Same procedure is done by
the 2 players. Winner is determined if the player has no "PASO" or mistake.

Bulan-bulan
Materials:
Water
Vacant Lot/Space
Mechanics:
A children's game maybe played by many with an "IT". It involves a circle with a line dividing the circle into two,
drawn on the ground with a stick or water. The "IT" is determined by a round of jack-en-poy. The players get inside the
circle and can run to the other side of the circle when the "IT" chases them. The "IT" tries to catch them without leaving
the circles' line at all times. The one caught on the process will be the next "IT".

This is played at night when the moon is visible.

Kadang-Kadang (Takarang) (Karang)

Materials:
2 pcs. of Bamboo poles
Mechanics:
A ground game which can be played individually or by team, using 2 pieces of small bamboo poles around 2 meters long
with a foot rest (1 foot from the ground) in every pole. The player will step on the foot rest (facing the player) and start
walking forward from the starting line to the finishing line (with repetition as team desired). The first to reach the
finishing line will be declared winner.

Bao
Materials:
Coconut Shells
Twine/Rope
Mechanics:
A ground game using 2 coconut shells. These 2 coconut shells are with holes at the middle where in a rope around 1
meter is inserted for the player to hold. The players, stepping on the Bao (coconut shell stilt) position the rope between
their big toe and the second toe. Then start walking with the right foot forward from the starting line to the finishing line
(with repetition as team desired). The first to reach the finishing line will be declared winner.

Dama
Materials:
Dama board
2 sets of 12 pieces of pitsas
Mechanics:
The game is played in a board with 10 squares and 14 end points.
The game is played by 2 players, each with 12 pieces of “pitsas” made from stones (black or white) or bottle caps of two
different colors. Players position the 12 pcs. "pitsas" on the end points of the diagram. They move from point to point,
and like chess, the game ends once the opponents "pitsas" are all eaten. The "dama stage" is reached when a player gets
his piece to the opponent’s row of the board and can move anywhere of the board game.
There are also several other versions of Dama within the Philippines. One of which is the popular "pildi-dama" or
"perdigana" which comes from a Bisayan word "pildi" which means "to lose". Some how “perdigana” is the reverse of
Dama. Wherein, in Dama; the players who eats more “pitsas” is the winner; in perdigana, a player whose “pitsas” are all
eaten up is the winner.

Tubig-tubig
Material:
Water
Mechanics:
A game usually played by both boys and girls on empty streets, school yard sand beaches on moonlit night. It involves a
grid drawn on the ground where one team will try to pass through while opposing team tries to catch them without
leaving the grid's lines at all times. The winner is determined if one of the teams get a “home”.

Koro
Materials:
Pebbles/Seeds(appropriate size)
Mechanics:
The players must decide as to who makes the 1st round. First player puts the stones in the palm, throws them all in the
air then catches them with the back of the hand; tosses the stones to the air again and catches them in the palm of the
hand. The player must try hard not to drop any stone in this last stage. The player who drops none or the least number of
stones starts the game. The 2 players sit across each other and the game is played on the space between them. Then each
player uses the same number of stones.
The player holds the stones she catches in one hand. When there are already stones on the floor, the players looks for a
cue stone. With the thumb over the middle finger, the player flicks the stone to touch the other stones without hitting
other stones. The player continues to flick every pair of stones on the floor until nothing remains. If the player happens
to hit other stones while flicking the desired stones, the player loses its turn. The next player continues the game
following same procedure until all the stones have been flicked. The player who has more number of stones flicked is the
winner.

Siatong
Materials:
A piece of stick, 1 foot long and another piece of stick 5 inches long.

Mechanics:
Before the game, the players make a small hole on the ground.
At the start of the game, the base player places the short stick horizontally across the hole and position the long stick
vertically below the middle of the short stick, push and lift strongly to the direction of the opponents' side. If the
opponents are able to catch the short stick, the base player loses the chance to advance further in the game and give the
chance to the next group.
If the opponent is unable to catch the flying short stick, he then picks the short stick and position himself to where it
landed and throws it to the long stick placed horizontally on the hole. If the opponent hits the long stick, the next player
is given the chance to play but if the opponent is not able to hit the long stick the base player hits the short stick with the
long stick going towards the opponents' place for the opponent /s to catch. If the opponent/s can’t catch he throws to the
base and the base player tries to hit the stick thrown and after measures the distance where the short stick falls using the
long stick.
The game continues until time is up and whoever gets the highest score is the winner.

Bitok-Bitok
Materials:
small stone/shell/seed
Mechanics:
The two teams form 2 lines with the members in squatting position at the starting line. The Leader of each team will
secretly place one small stone in one of the player's closed fists and pretend to place the stone in all the players’ fists.
The leader of the other team will guess who holds the small stone. If ever he/she can guess who holds the small stone,
the group stops their turn and the other group will do their turn. If not, the member of the team who holds the stone will
jump once towards the finishing line. The game continues until one member of the team reaches the finishing line and
will be declared as the winning team.

Kulob-Hayang
Material:
1 slipper
Mechanics:
This game is played by two teams with 5 or more members. A line between the 2 groups serves as the boundary for the 2
groups. A judge (kuymi) asks the leader what they prefer "kulob" or hayang". The judge then tosses a slipper on the line
and if the slipper drops upside down (nagkulob) into the ground, the “hayang” team will run after the “kulob” team. The
caught members of the “kulob” team by the “hayang” team will be added as members of the latter. The same procedure
is done throughout the game. At the end of the game (set number of tosses), the team with more members wins the
game.

Taksi
Materials:
Bottle caps, flat stones (not so big pcs.)
Mechanics:
A circle with 4 feet in diameter will be drawn on the ground. So many bottle caps in up-side position will be placed at
the middle of the circle. Each player will have an Awayan (a piece of small flat stone which will serve as hitter). Each
player will take turn in trying to let the bottle caps out of the circle with the use of the stone. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
players will be determined by “Jack-en-Poy”. When all the bottle caps are taken out of the circle, each player will count
the bottle caps being taken out from the circle and the player with the most number of bottle caps taken out from the
circle is the winner.

Siomoy
Material:
Marble
Mechanics:
The players make holes in the sand a little bigger than the marbles. Holes could be one or more than one depending
upon the agreement of the players.
While the game is going on, the players try to hit the opponent’s marble so the marble will be away from the hole.
Players take their turn one after the other. Whoever can shoot the marble to the holes which are placed 2 meters away
first from the players is the winner.

Holen
Material:
Marble

Mechanics:
In the race game to the finish line, depending on the playing ground--number of holes (called "beck"), each player/team
must race to roll their marble into the ground hole and proceed to the next hole. Upon reaching the last ground hole along
the line, the players then reverses and goes back the same way rolling the marble in the same set of holes to get to the
finish line which is the first hole. The last player/s to reach the finish line will be penalized where the winning player/s is
given a specific number of strikes (pre agreed) to crush the losing players marble--called Achuy.

Kayukok (Lambihaw) (bahaw-bahaw) (bihagay) (guinamos2x)

Mechanics:
There are two teams with two bases. How many players on each team depends on the players. There are two bases which
each team claims as their own. The goal is to tag the other team's base without getting tagged. If you're tagged, you're
transferred to the other team and must be rescued. There are several variations in which the rules are changed, in some,
you can connect other items on the base so you can easily touch the base (a rule usually called "kuryente").
There are usually set points, such as first team to tag the other team 5 times wins. You can tag other people who has
touched their base before you and are on the opposite team. If they've touched their base after you've touched your base,
they can tag you, and you can't tag them. If the player is caught, he stays at the area of the team until he is saved by his
teammates. All caught players form their line, holding hands sidewise so that their teammates can save them. If all the
members of the team are caught by the opposite team, the latter wins.

Bagol/Maring
Material:
Slippers
 Mechanics: 2 or more players play the game. The game could be played indoor or outdoor. Players take turns in
performing the game following the instruction; like
> carrying the slipper on top of the head/palm/foot/between the knees/armpit/middle of the arm/between the head and the
shoulder walking/ jumping/hopping to the end line of the opposite side and back to its origin. (Other objects might be
carried by the players as agreed, doing the same procedure). The first player who can successfully perform all the steps
without being caught at the final step be declared the winner.

Iring-Iring
Material:
Players
Mechanics: Players will form a big circle while holding their hands. One will be designated to be the cat and another one
to be the mouse. The goal of the game is for the cat to catch the mouse while the players are protecting the rat from being
caught. Once the rat is caught, another pair will serve as the cat and the rat and vice versa.

Kasing
Materials:
“Kasing”/top
String
Mechanics: Is a native Filipino game which is a popular outdoor game in the 80's. It is played by groups because it is
exciting and usually played in a flat sandy loam ground. A 30 to 60 cm circle is drawn in the ground. Before the game
starts, each player spins their "Kasing" in the ground simultaneously, the 1st "Kasing" that stops spinning is the "taya"
and puts his “Kasing" in the middle of the circle. Other players will now start to hit the "taya" on circle with the player
having the 2nd shorter time of spinning will throw his "Kasing" 1st. If the striker hits the "taya" out of the circle while
his “kasing" is still pinning, it is considered a valid hit and he will punish the "taya's "Kasing" by putting it fixed on the
ground with its nail then hitting it by nail of striker's "kasing". If the striker doesn’t hit the "taya" he’s in danger of
becoming the next "taya" because while his "kasing" is spinning outside the circle, the present "taya" has the option of
picking it up by his "tyate/hapos” and catching it by hand. If the striker hits the "taya" and his "kasing doesn’t spin, he
joins the first "taya" together inside the circle. The technique to make your "kasing" spin after you strike on the ground
is by making sure that you twirl the "tyate/hapos" tightly. This group game will tend your "kasing" to damage after many
times of playing.

Tagoanay
Materials:
Players
Mechanics: Two (2) teams are formed consisting 4-5 members. By drawing of LOT, 1 will be searcher or “IT” all the rest
will be the hiders. As the “IT” begins counting 1-10, the players run away and find a hiding place. After the end of 10,
the “IT” will start looking for the players. The first player found by the “IT” will be the next “IT”, if the last hiding
player cannot save the first player by touching the “ITs” place ahead of the “IT”. If saved by the last player, the “IT”
remains the same.

14. TOPOGRAPHY

Chocolate Hills of Bohol - Most famous and signature tourist attraction of Bohol and the prime tourist destination in the
Philippines.
- Are conical karst hills, and a bronze plaque at the viewing deck in Carmen, Bohol declared as geological
monuments.
Loboc River - A river considered as one of the major tourist destinations of Bohol.
- Play a significant role in the history of Loboc before the Spaniards established the town in 1602.
- A winding river which plays host to cruises on board of small bancas or floating restaurants.

Hinagdanan Cave - One of the most renowned caves in Bohol located at Barangay Bingag, Dauis, Panglao Island
- A cave made of limestone
- The most unique feature of the cave are the two eyelike-holes found on the ceiling of the cave.

15. FLORA (Trees)

Maribojoc - The leaves of Agoho (Pinelike tree) look like hairs which are actually reduced to small sheaths on the
needle-like branches.

Mangrove - Extensively found in Olango Island which is the home of migratory birds.
- Provide support in unstable soils to withstand currents and storms.

Tipolo - Also known as the Antipolo tree where Barangay Tipolo got its name.
- A tree belonging to the family Moraceae, where jackfruit and breadfruit belong.
 Magtalisay - An endemic and deciduous tree reaching a height of 20 to 25 meters which is found throughout the
Philippine seashores.
- Has attractive large leaves turning to bright warm colors when nearing its shedding off stage.

Narra - A striking, large and strong shady vanishing tree.

- National tree of the Philippines
- Is also called naga, nalu, antagan, apalit, asana, bitali, dungon, hagad, sagat, tagga, tagka, agana, balauning, bital,
daitanag, kamarag, udiao, and vitali.
- One of the good sources of wood for furniture

Coconut - Is the centerpiece of the Philippine economy.

- Produces indigenous liquor called “tuba”

16. FLORA (Flower)

Bougainvillea (Bombil) - A woody vine with large, long and drooping thorny branches that can grow to a height of more
than 10 meters.
- Has medicinal uses
- Its modified leaves are used in food delicacies served at Bohol Bee farm resort at Panglao, Bohol.
Adelfa - Erect, smooth shrub, 1.5 to 3 meters high with a cream-colored sticky resinous juice. Leaves are in whorls of 3
or 4, linear-lanceolate, 10-15 cm long, with numerous horizontal nerves. Flowers are showy, sweet-scented, single or
double, 4-5 cm in diameter, white, pink or red, borne in terminal inflorescence (cymes). Fruit is cylindrical, paired, with
deep linear striations, 15-20 cm long. Seeds are numerous and compressed, with a tuft of fine, shining, white, silky hairs.
Antuwanga/ Gumamela - An erect, much-branched, glabrous shrub, 1 to 4 m high.
- Leaves: glossy green, ovate, acuminate, pointed, coarsely-toothed, 7 to 12 cm long, alternate, stipulate.
- Flowers: solitary, axillary, very large. Outermost series of bracteoles 6, lanceolate, green, and 8 mm long or less.
Calyx green, 2 cm long, lobes ovate. Petals commonly red, obovate, entire, rounded tip, and imbricate. Stamens
forming a long staminal tube enclosing the entire style of the pistil and protruding out of the corolla. Ovary 5-celled,
styles 5, fused below.
- Fruits: capsules, loculicidally 5-valved, but rarely

A las Cuatro - This is an erect, nearly or quite smooth, branched plant, growing to a height of 20 to 80 centimeters. The
leavesare narrowly ovate, 4 to 10 centimeters long. The involucres are crowded, calyxlike, 1 centimeter long or less, and
have one flower. The perianth is white, purple, or yellow, 3 to 4 centimeters long, with a cylindrical tube, which is
slightly enlarged upward, and with a spreading limb. The fruit is narrowly ovoid, about 8 millimeters long, black, and
finely ribbed.

Kalachuchi - The Kalachuchi flowers has Scientific name : Plumeria acuminata. These flowers are known as frangifani,
Frangipiani, temple flowers or graveyard flowers. They come from a small tree with dark green & oblong shaped leaves.
Petals of Kalachuchi flowers are white in color with yellow tint at the center of it. Kalachuchi flowers are fragrant and
supposed to be source of perfume. These flowers are favorite decorations on Spa establishments here in Cebu,
Philippines.
- Accordingly, the latex or juice is good for curing skin diseases, like herpes or athletes foot and other skin diseases.
Just put on affected area 3X a day. Decoction of bark is also good for dysentery, diarrhea, gums and toothache. The
latex mixed with coconut oil is used for itching while poultice of leaves is beneficial for swellings too.
Violeta/Kolintang - Is an erect, unarmed, branched ornamental shrub, 1 to 3 meters high.
- Branches are sparingly hairy. Leaves are oblong to elliptic, 4 to 10 centimeters long, pointed at the tip and somewhat
hairy beneath. Flowers are borne singly or in pairs, and terminal or in the upper axils of the leaves.
- Bracteoles are linear. Two outer sepals are green, ovate-lanceolate, nearly 2 centimeters long, persistent, and
laciniately toothed. Corolla is 6 to 7 centimeters long, slender-tubed, winged above; limb is 4 to 5 centimeters in
diameter, violet or nearly white, or streaked with violet and white.

17. FAUNA

Tarsier - Smallest monkey in the world.

- known locally as maumag in Cebuano/Visayan and mamag in Luzon
- Insect-eating animal.
- Flannery, S (15 Oct 2003). "Philippine Tarsier". The Primata. Retrieved 2006-11-14.
- "The Philippine Tarsier". Comparative Mammalian Brain Collections. Retrieved 2006-11-18.
Kagwang - Large-eyed nocturnal animal called flying lemur.
- Has 34 teeth that are considered peculiar.
- Comprise 90% of the eagle’s diet.
 Kabaw - An ingenious livestock resource.
- Can adapt to a hot and humid climate and play an important role in the economy of the farmers.

Philippine Fruit Bat (Kwaknit) - The Philippine Naked-backed Fruit Bat or Philippine bare-backed fruit bat (Dobsomia
chapmani) is a megabat that lives on Negros Island and two small populations live on Cebu Island in the Philippines.
- Like other bare-backed fruit bats, its wings meet along the midline of their bodies, making it a very agile flier. It
roosted in caves, in areas where little light penetrated the gloom. It was so abundant once that it left piles of guano,
which were used by miners as fertilizer.

Tamsi - They are small songbirds, at most 12 cm. Long

- In most subspecies, the under parts of both male and female are bright yellow, the backs are dull brown color. The
forehead, throat and upper breast of the adult male is a dark metallic blue-black

18. FOOD AND LOCAL PRODUCTS

Pintos - A tasty delicacy made of ground young corn, milk, sugar, and salt, wrapped with its husk (pakpak).

Puso - A steamed rice, wrapped with weaved coconut leaves ideal for outings/picnics, special occasions and even in
restaurants and carenderia.
- This is locally known as “hanging rice”.

Peanut Kisses - A well-known delicacy in Bohol which is made of ground peanut, eggs, sugar and flavoring.
- The production of this delicacy was started in early 1960’s by its founder Carolina Butalid Alvarez from Buenavista,
Bohol.

Calamay - Is a sweet concoction of ground sticky rice, coconut milk, sugar, vanilla and peanuts (optional) manufactured
by Boholanos.
- It is sold in smooth coconut shells that are sealed by a characteristic band of red tape.
- With the advent of technology and recycling, some producers recently choose to use plastic containers instead of
coconut shells.

Kinugay/Landang - This is a local food in the region made of Buri/Basak/Saksak/Cassava Starch mixed with sugar and
grated coconut.

Puto Balanghoy - Are dried cassava chips known as binangkol is processed. Its finished food product would be kinugay
or pinuto. Pinuto is a steamed cassava food which is made of a processed binangkol that can be made as staple food
substitute in the absence of milled rice/corn.

19. FAMOUS PERSONALITY

Napoleon Abueva - A “Boholano Sculptor” given the distinction of National Artist of the Year in the Field of Arts.
- Full name: Napoleon “Billy” Veloso Abueva

20. Randomized (Physical Notes)

Mr. Manny Mendoza & Mrs. Beth Mendoza – Owners of Moadto Strip Mall and Modala Hotel

1896 – Antequera was formally instituted & separated from Maribojoc

November 1596 – Bohol was Christianized

1893 – First Nilambay Stage Play in Bohol

March 8, 1901 – The Lonoy Masscre / The Battle of Lonoy happened

March 1, 1970 – The first unfurling of the Bohol Flag during the East Visayan Association Athletic Meet

Lamanok Cave – Located in Anda

Makapiko Nature Park – Located in Batuan

NHI – National Historical Institute

Clarin Ancestral House – Located in Loay

Hudyaka Festival – Baclayon

Sandugo Festival – Celebrated every July in Tagbilaran City

Ubi Festival – Celebrated every 2nd week of January in Tagbilaran City

Bolibongkingking Festival - Celebrated every May 23-24 in Loboc

Pahinungod Festival – Celebrated every May 1-10 in Calape

Sinugboan Festival - Celebrated every May 27 in Garcia Hernandez

Sidlakasidlak Festival - Celebrated every August 31 to September 6 in Loon

Sinu-og Estokada - Celebrated every September 29 in Jagna

- Sinu-og, meaning “war”
- Estokada – a war between good and evil
Calamay Festival – Celebrated in Jagna
Sambat Maskara Y Regatta – Celebrated every 1st Saturday of December in Loay

Your Guide To Bohol Philippines – Authored by Quennie Sanchez-Bronce , Honey Jarque Loop , and Daniel
Carpentier
Old Church Bell – Located in Calape
First Resort in Bohol – Bohol Beach Club
Churches by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) World Heritage Site
- Loboc & Baclayon
Rebranding of Bohol for Global Tourism Market – Behold Bohol
First Capitol in Bohol in 1596, built by the Jesuits – Baclayon
Name of the last cruise ship anchored in the province after the 2013 earthquake – MV Europa II
Abatan River Boats – Bandong
Watch Towers in Bohol – 14, Spanish – 6
Home of Manta Rays and Whale Sharks – Pamilacan Island
Bohol – surrounded by 72 smaller islands
- 10th largest island in the country
- 626 KM south of Manila
Boholanos – descendants of the Pintados (Tattooed Ones)
1565 – Miguel Lopez de Legaspi arrived in the Philippines
Sandugo – means “One Blood”
The Sandugo – First Friendship Treaty
Dagohoy Rebellion – led by Francisco Dagohoy/Francisco Sendrijas
- Lasted for 85 years (1744-1829)
- Longest rebellion in Philippine History
Tamblot Uprising – occurred in 1621, led by a Babaylan named Tamblot
March 17, 1900 – the Americans arrived in Bohol
Province of Bohol – formed on March 10, 1917 under Act 2711
Carlos Polestico Garcia – 8th President
Chocolate Hills – covers Sagbayan, Batuan, Carmen, Sierra Bullones, Valencia, Bilar
- has 214 steps
- has 1,268 Mounds, 30-50m high
- Legends: 2 Giants Fighting & Arogo and Aloya
Inabanga River – Largest River