Probing Questions:

• 1. What does the video tells us about

the origin of life on earth?
• 2. How is evolution of multicellular
organisms explained by the video?
 History of Life on Earth
1.Describe general features of the history of life on Earth,
2. Illustrate generally accepted dates and sequence of the
geologic time scale
3. distinguish characteristics of major groups of
organisms present during these periods.
4. Express appreciation of the topic by citing activities on
how to preserve or conserve small population of certain
organisms.
 Hypothesis
• Organic chemical
compounds can be
generated under
conditions similar to
those that existed in the
atmosphere of Primitive
Earth.
 Conclusion
• The chemical building
blocks of life could
have been generated in
the probable
atmosphere of early
Earth.
Laboratory experiments showed that when hot clay, sand, or rock
were placed in the dilute organic soup, the molecules self-
assembled. These molecules stick to the hot surface which
increased their density and likelihood of a reaction.
That led to the following evolution of the early life presence on Earth
1. Organic molecules
2. RNA
3. Pre-cells
4. Primitive cells
5. Modern cell
Line of evidences to prove when life begins on Earth
STROMATOLITES - “living” rock samples that aged up to 3.5 Billion years old
microfossils found in western Australia, proved to be
fossils of microbes who have lived 3.5 BYA
Line of evidences to prove when life begins on Earth
PANSPERMIA - postulates that life had come from outside the Earth and upon
reaching a suitable environment such as the deep-sea vents could have evolved into a
more complex living organism such as the bacteria
 EARTH’S
GEOLOGIC LIFE

• I- PRECAMBRIAN
LIFE:
PRECAMBRIAN LIFE
• Composed of HADEAN, ARCHEAN and
PROTEROZOIC ERA
• This covers approximately 88 percent of the Earth’s
history
• It started with the planet’s creation about 4.5 billion
years ago and ended with the emergence of complex
multicelled organisms almost 4 billion years later.
HADEAN ERA

•Earth forms around 4600

millions years ago
ARCHAEAN ERA

•Oldest known rocks

•Oldest fossils of cells
PROTERZOIC ERA
• Carbonate rocks are abundant
• Oldest fossil of eukaryotic cell
• Appearance of algae and
invertebrates.
II-PALEOZOIC ERA
• Known as the “Old Life”
• Started morethan 540 millions of years
ago and lasted for more than 300 million
years.
• Divided into 6 periods.
II-PALEOZOIC ERA
• 6 PERIODS
a. CAMBRIAN
b. ORDOVICIAN
c. SILURIAN
d. DEVONIAN
e. CARBONIFEROUS
f. PERMIAN
II-PALEOZOIC ERA
• This began with the breakup of
supercontinent Rodinia.
• During the latter half, the landmasses began
moving together and a supercontinent was
formed in the latter third.
II-PALEOZOIC ERA

• CAMBRIAN PERIOD:
1. First fish, many animal phyla diversity
( Cambrian explosion)
II-PALEOZOIC ERA

• ORDOVICIAN PERIOD:
1. Fungi, plants, animals
II-PALEOZOIC ERA

• SILURIAN PERIOD
1. First vascular plants appeared.
II-PALEOZOIC ERA

• DEVONIAN PERIOD
1. Bony fishes diversity, insects and
first amphibians appeared.
II-PALEOZOIC ERA

• CARBONIFEROUS PERIOD
1. First seed plants appear, origin of
reptiles and amphibians dominate
II-PALEOZOIC ERA

• PERMIAN PERIOD
1. Reptiles diversify, major
extinction of many marine
organisms.
III-MESOZOIC ERA
• Also known as “ Middle Life”
• Has TRIASSIC, JURASSIC, and
CRETACIOUS periods
• Started around 245 million years and
lasted for 180 million years.
III-MESOZOIC ERA

• TRIASSIC PERIOD
1. Dinosaurs evolve, origin of
mammals, gymnosperms dominate
III-MESOZOIC ERA

•JURASSIC PERIOD
1. Dinosaurs abundant, first
birds appear, gymnosperms
dominate.
III-MESOZOIC ERA

•CRETACIOUS PERIOD
1. Angiosperms diversify,
dinosaurs become extinct
IV-CENOZOIC ERA
•Also known as “the recent life”
•Started 65 million years ago
and continues up to the
present time.
IV-CENOZOIC ERA
•Divided into PALEOGENE,
NEOGENE, and
QUATERNARY periods
IV-CENOZOIC ERA
•The worlds great mountains
were built
•Also known as the AGE of
MAMMALS
IV-CENOZOIC ERA
• PALEOGENE PERIOD
1. Mammals, birds and insects diversify.
2. Angiosperms dominate
3. Origin of primates
IV-CENOZOIC ERA
• NEOGENE PERIOD
1. Mammals and angiosperms continue
to diversify
2. Bipedal human ancestors appear.
IV-CENOZOIC ERA
• QUARTERNARY PERIOD
1. Ice Ages and origin of homos
2. Historical time
 MATCHING TYPE: Match the descriptions in Column A with its proper time period in Column B

• _____1. Known as the “Old Life A. Devonian

• _____2. Oldest known rocks and fossils of cells B. Cenozoic Era
• _____3. First fish C. Carboniferous Period
• _____4.First fungi, plants and animals D. Triassic Period
• _____5.First vascular plants E. Silurian Period
• _____6.Bony fishes diversity, insects and first amphibians F. Paleozoic Era
• _____7. First seed plants appear and origin of reptiles. G. Cambrian Period
• _____8.Also known as “ Middle Life H. Mesozoic Era
• _____9.Dinosaurs evolve, origin of mammals I. Ordovician Period
• _____10.Also known as “the recent life J. Archaean Era
 HOMEWORK
• 1. Enumerate and explain the
different Mechanisms of Evolution.
• 2. Give example of organism that
shown evolution for each
mechanism.
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

• 1. WHAT WAS THE TIME INTERVAL OF ON THE

OCCURRENCE OF THE FIRST PLANT AND ANIMAL ON
EARTH?
• 2. HOW LONG DOES THE FIRST AMPHIBIANS DOMINATED
EARTH BEFORE THE LARGEST MASS EXTINCTION
• 3. WHAT COULD POSSIBLY HAPPEN IF NO MASS
EXTINCTION OCCURRED?
• 4.HOW DOES CLIMATE CHANGE OR ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGES RESULTS TO EVOLOTION OF ORGANISMS?
THE AGE OF FOSSIL CAN BE ESTIMATED IN TWO WAYS

1. RELATIVE DATING
- places a fossil into a sequence of events without assigning it a
specific age
- based on the presumption that lower rock strata are OLDER
than higher layers.
-the farther down a fossil is, the longer ago the organism lived
- places fossils in order from “oldest” to “most recent”.
2. ABSOLUTE DATING AND RADIOACTIVE DECAY
- assigns an age to a fossil by testing either the fossil itself or the
sediments above and below the fossil
- the dates usually are expressed in relation to the present
RADIOMETRIC DATING-type of absolute dating that uses
radioactive isotopes as a “clock”. Each radioactive isotope decays at
a characteristic and unchangeable rate, called its half-life
➢ Carbon-14 decays to Nitrogen-14 with half-life of 5730 years; death
up to 40,000 years ago
➢ Potassium-40 decays to argon-40 with half-life of 1.3 Billion Years;
rocks that are about 300,000 years ol or older
WRITE THE LETTER OF CORRECT ANSWER
1. Which organism first dominated Earth?
A. Dinosaurs
B. Plants
C. Fish
D. Bacteria
2. 100,000 years in the geologic history of Earth would be considered
A. Immensely long
B. A drop in the bucket
C. Half of Earth's history
D. An extremely significant amount of time
3. Geologic is a combination of ___________________ and means _______________.
A. geophysical and logic; rock and water
B. geophysical and logic; rock and time
C. geologic and logic; rock and time
D. geologic and chronologic; rock and time
4. The Earth is ________ years old.
A. 6,000
B. 46,000,000
C. 4,600,000,000
D. There is no way to know
5. The largest division of the geologic time scale is the
A. Eon
B. Era
C. Period
D. Epoch
6. Understanding geologic time is significant because it helps us
A. Understand humans’ impact on our environment
B. Understand the evolution of organisms over time
C. Understand the possibility for life on other planets
D. Understand the process of evolution
E. All of the above
TRUE OR FALSE. Write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is not.
7. Fossils are most likely found in sedimentary
rocks.
8. Fossils give clues about the past.
9. Soft body parts cannot be fossilized.
10. Animals that are extinct are still alive
today.