Physics: GEOMETRIC OPTICS

1. What is the branch of physics that deals with the study of light?
• (a) Astrology
• (b) Optics
• (c) Oscillation
• (d) Electromagnetism
• Show Answer: Optics
2. What aspect of light does geometrical optics focus on?
• (a) Color properties
• (b) Tracing geometrical paths
• (c) Particle behavior
• (d) Quantum effects
• Show Answer: Tracing geometrical paths
3. What do we call objects like the Sun, electric lamps, and candles that produce their own
light?
• (a) Luminous sources
• (b) Reflectors
• (c) Opaque objects
• (d) Translucent objects
• Show Answer: Luminous sources
4. What term is used to describe objects that do not produce their own light?
• (a) Luminescent objects
• (b) Opaque objects
• (c) Non-luminous objects
• (d) Radiant objects
• Show Answer: Non-luminous
5. What is the term for the bouncing back of light when it encounters a reflecting surface?
• (a) Refraction
• (b) Absorption
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 • (c) Diffraction
• (d) Reflection
• Show Answer: Reflection
6. The approaching ray of light to a reflecting surface is called
• (a) The incident ray
• (b) The reflected ray
• (c) The refracted ray
• (d) The normal
• Show Answer: The incident ray
7. The ray of light reflected from a reflecting surface is called
• (a) The incident ray
• (b) The reflected ray
• (c) The refracted ray
• (d) The normal
• Show Answer: The reflected ray
8. The point at which the incident ray strikes the reflecting surface is called
• (a) Point of incidence
• (b) Point of reflection
• (c) Point of refraction
• (d) None of these
• Show Answer: Point of incidence
9. The line drawn at right angles to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence is called
• (a) The incident ray
• (b) The reflected ray
• (c) The refracted ray
• (d) The normal
• Show Answer: The normal
10. What is the term for the angle between the incident ray and the normal?

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 • (a) Angle of Reflection
• (b) Angle of Incidence
• (c) Refracted Angle
• (d) Deviated Angle
• Show Answer: Angle of Incidence
11. What is the term for the angle between the reflected ray and the normal?
• (a) Angle of Reflection
• (b) Angle of Incidence
• (c) Refracted Angle
• (d) Deviated Angle
• Show Answer: Angle of Reflection
12. How many laws of reflection are there?
• (a) Two
• (b) Three
• (c) Four
• (d) Five
• Show Answer: Two
13. Which law states that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface
all lie in the same plane?
• (a) First Law
• (b) Second Law
• (c) Third Law
• (d) Law of Refraction
• Show Answer: First Law
14. According to the second law, what relationship holds true between the angles of
reflection (\theta^{'}) and incidence (\theta) ?
• (a) \theta^{'} is greater than \theta
• (b) \theta^{'} is less than \theta
• (c) \theta^{'} equals \theta

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 • (d) \theta^{'} is unrelated to \theta
• Show Answer: \theta^/ equals \theta
15. According to the Second Law of reflection, if the angle of incidence is 30 degrees, what
would be the angle of reflection?
• (a) 30 degrees
• (b) 60 degrees
• (c) 90 degrees
• (d) 120 degrees
• Show Answer: 30 degrees
16. What is the term for the ratio of image size to object size?
• (a) Attitude
• (b) Magnification
• (c) Position
• (d) Convergence ratio
• Show Answer: Magnification
17. When an image is considered larger than the object?
• (a) M > 1
• (b) M = 1
• (c) M < 1
• (d) Image attitude upright
• Show Answer: M > 1
18. When an image is considered smaller than the object?
• (a) M > 1
• (b) M = 1
• (c) M < 1
• (d) Image attitude upright
• Show Answer: M < 1
19. When is an image the same size as the object?
• (a) M > 1
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 • (b) M = 1
• (c) M < 1
• (d) Image attitude upright
• Show Answer: M = 1
20. What does the attitude of an image indicate?
• (a) Image location
• (b) Image type
• (c) Image orientation
• (d) Image magnification
• Show Answer: Image orientation
21. When an optical instrument produces an image that is the same orientation as the
object, what term best describes this image?
• (a) Inverted image
• (b) Erect or upright image
• (c) Magnified image
• (d) Virtual image
• Show Answer: Erect or upright image
22. What term is used to describe an optical image that is upside-down compared to the
object?
• (a) Erect or upright image
• (b) Inverted image
• (c) Magnified image
• (d) Virtual image
• Show Answer: Inverted image
23. The _______________ is the distance between the image and the optical device-mirror
or lens.
• (a) Image Magnification
• (b) Image Attitude
• (c) Image Location

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 • (d) Image Type
• Show Answer: Image Location
24. What does the type of image indicate in optical systems?
• (a) Image Magnification
• (b) Image Attitude
• (c) Image Location
• (d) Image Reality
• Show Answer: Image Reality
25. How is a real image characterized in terms of light rays?
• (a) Light rays appear to diverge
• (b) Light rays actually converge at a point
• (c) Light rays are parallel
• (d) Light rays exhibit refraction
• Show Answer: Light rays actually converge at a point
26. What happens when a screen is placed at the position of a real image?
• (a) The image appears inverted
• (b) The image disappears
• (c) The image appears on the screen in focus
• (d) The image becomes larger
• Show Answer: The image appears on the screen in focus
27. How is a virtual image defined in relation to light rays?
• (a) Light rays converge at a point
• (b) Light rays appear to diverge
• (c) Light rays exhibit interference
• (d) Light rays are absorbed
• Show Answer: Light rays appear to diverge
28. What occurs when a screen is placed at the position of a virtual image?
• (a) The image appears on the screen

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 • (b) The screen remains blank
• (c) The image becomes larger
• (d) The image appears inverted
• Show Answer: The screen remains blank
29. If the polished surface of a spherical mirror faces inward, what type of mirror is it?
• (a) Convex mirror
• (b) Concave mirror
• (c) Planar mirror
• (d) Cylindrical mirror
• Show Answer: Concave mirror
30. What is another term for a concave mirror based on its reflective properties?
• (a) Diverging mirror
• (b) Convex mirror
• (c) Converging mirror
• (d) Plane mirror
• Show Answer: Converging mirror
31. If the polished surface of a spherical mirror faces outward, what type of mirror is it?
• (a) Convex mirror
• (b) Concave mirror
• (c) Planar mirror
• (d) Cylindrical mirror
• Show Answer: Convex mirror
32. Which type of mirror is commonly referred to as a diverging mirror?
• (a) Concave mirror
• (b) Convex mirror
• (c) Plane mirror
• (d) All of these
• Show Answer: Convex mirror

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33. What is the center of curvature in a spherical mirror?
• (a) The midpoint of the mirror
• (b) The pole or vertex
• (c) The center of the sphere with radius R
• (d) The intersection point of light rays
• Show Answer: The center of the sphere with radius R
34. What is the term for a straight line through the center of curvature and the midpoint of
the mirror?
• (a) Curved line
• (b) Principal Axis
• (c) Reflecting line
• (d) Refracting line
• Show Answer: Principal Axis
35. At what angle does the principal axis intersect the mirror in a well-constructed mirror?
• (a) 45 degrees
• (b) 90 degrees
• (c) 180 degrees
• (d) Variable angles
• Show Answer: 90 degrees
36. What term is used for the midpoint of the mirror?
• (a) Reflecting Point
• (b) Center of Curvature
• (c) Pole or Vertex
• (d) Radius of curvature
• Show Answer: Pole or Vertex
37. What is the point where parallel light rays converge or appear to diverge after
reflecting from a concave mirror?
• (a) Vertex
• (b) Focal Point

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 • (c) Normal
• (d) Radius of Curvature
• Show Answer: Focal Point
38. What term is used for the distance from the focal point to the pole (or vertex) of a
concave mirror?
• (a) Radius of Curvature
• (b) Focal Length
• (c) Normal Length
• (d) Convergence Distance
• Show Answer: Focal Length
39. What is the relationship between the focal length (f) and the radius of curvature (R) for
a concave mirror?
• (a) f = R
• (b) f = \frac{R}{2}
• (c) f = 2R
• (d) f = \frac{1}{R}
• Show Answer: f = \frac{R}{2}
40. In which unit is the focal length (f) measured?
• (a) Diopters
• (b) Volts
• (c) Meters
• (d) Seconds
• Show Answer: Meters
41. What happens to the A-ray (parallel ray) after reflection in a concave mirror?
• (a) It reflects through the focal point
• (b) It becomes parallel to the axis
• (c) It reflects back on itself
• (d) It passes through the center of curvature
• Show Answer: It reflects through the focal point

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42. Which of the following is reflected parallel to the principal axis in concave mirror ray
tracing?
• (a) P-ray
• (b) F-ray
• (c) C-ray
• (d) A-ray
• Show Answer: F-ray
43. What happens to the F-ray (focal ray) after reflection in a concave mirror?
• (a) It becomes parallel to the axis
• (b) It reflects through the focal point
• (c) It reflects back on itself
• (d) It passes through the center of curvature
• Show Answer: It becomes parallel to the axis
44. Which ray passes through the center of curvature of a concave mirror?
• (a) F-ray
• (b) P-ray
• (c) A-ray
• (d) C-ray
• Show Answer: P-ray
45. What is the characteristic of the P-ray (pole ray) after reflection in a concave mirror?
• (a) It reflects through the focal point
• (b) It becomes parallel to the axis
• (c) It reflects back on itself
• (d) It reflects at an equal angle to the axis
• Show Answer: It reflects at an equal angle to the axis
46. Where does the C-ray (central ray) pass after reflection in a concave mirror?
• (a) Through the focal point
• (b) Parallel to the axis
• (c) Through the center of curvature
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 • (d) None of these
• Show Answer: Through the center of curvature
47. In concave mirror ray tracing, what does a real image indicate?
• (a) The image is formed in front of the mirror
• (b) The image is formed behind the mirror
• (c) The image is virtual
• (d) The image is magnified
• Show Answer: The image is formed in front of the mirror
48. In concave mirror ray tracing, what does a virtual image indicate?
• (a) The image is formed in front of the mirror
• (b) The image is formed behind the mirror
• (c) The image is virtual
• (d) The image is magnified
• Show Answer: The image is formed behind the mirror
49. What does the mirror formula mathematically represent?
• (a) \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i}
• (b) m = \frac{h_i}{h_o}
• (c) d_o + d_i = f
• (d) f = \frac{d_i}{d_o} + d_i
• Show Answer: \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i}
50. Which quantities are included in the mirror formula?
• (a) Focal length
• (b) Object distance
• (c) Image distance
• (d) All of these
• Show Answer: All of these
51. In the mirror formula \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i} , what does f represent?
• (a) Object distance

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 • (b) Focal length
• (c) Image distance
• (d) Magnification
• Show Answer: Focal length
52. If the image distance is positive in the mirror formula, what type of image is formed?
• (a) Real and inverted
• (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Real and inverted
53. Which quantity is expressed by do in the mirror formula?
• (a) Focal length
• (b) Object distance
• (c) Image distance
• (d) Magnification
• Show Answer: Object distance
54. What is the mathematical expression for magnification (m) in terms of heights of the
object (h_o) and image (h_i) ?
• (a) m = \frac{h_i}{h_o}
• (b) m = \frac{h_o}{h_i}
• (c) m = h_i + h_o
• (d) m = h_i - h_o
• Show Answer: m = \frac{h_i}{h_o}
55. What is the mathematical expression for magnification (m) in terms of distance of the
object (d_o) and image (d_i) ?
• (a) m = \frac{d_i}{d_o}
• (b) m = \frac{d_o}{d_i}
• (c) m = d_i + d_o
• (d) m = d_i - d_o

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 • Show Answer: m = \frac{d_i}{d_o}
56. In the mirror formula, if f is positive, what type of mirror is being considered?
• (a) Concave mirror
• (b) Convex mirror
• (c) Plane mirror
• (d) Spherical mirror
• Show Answer: Concave mirror
57. If di is negative in the mirror formula, what does it signify about the image position?
• (a) Image is real
• (b) Image is virtual
• (c) Image is inverted
• (d) Image is upright
• Show Answer: Image is virtual
58. If the magnification (m) is negative in the mirror formula, what does it indicate about
the image?
• (a) Enlarged image
• (b) Reduced image
• (c) Real image
• (d) Inverted image
• Show Answer: Inverted image
59. What information can be obtained by using the mirror formula?
• (a) Color of the image
• (b) Shape of the mirror
• (c) Type of reflection
• (d) Position and nature of the image
• Show Answer: Position and nature of the image
60. For which type of mirrors is the focal length (f) considered positive?
• (a) Concave mirrors
• (b) Convex mirrors
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 • (c) Both concave and convex mirrors
• (d) Neither concave nor convex mirrors
• Show Answer: Concave mirrors
61. For which type of mirrors is the focal length (f) considered negative?
• (a) Concave mirrors
• (b) Convex mirrors
• (c) Both concave and convex mirrors
• (d) Neither concave nor convex mirrors
• Show Answer: Convex mirrors
62. In a plane mirror, what is the relationship between the object distance (d_o) and the
image distance (d_i) ?
• (a) d_i > d_o
• (b) d_i = d_o
• (c) d_i < d_o
• (d) Not \ specified
• Show Answer: d_i = d_o
63. If the object is placed behind the center of curvature in a concave mirror, what will be
the position of the image?
• (a) r > d_i > f
• (b) d_i > r
• (c) d_i = r
• (d) d_i < r
• Show Answer: d_i > r
64. If the object is placed between the focal point and the center of curvature in a concave
mirror, what will be the position of the image?
• (a) d_i > r
• (b) d_i = r
• (c) f < d_i < r
• (d) d_i < f

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 • Show Answer: f < d_i < r
65. If the object is placed at the focal point in a concave mirror, where will the image be
formed?
• (a) d_i > f
• (b) d_i = f
• (c) d_i < f
• (d) Not specified
• Show Answer: Not specified
66. If the object is placed between the focal point and the mirror surface in a concave
mirror, where will the image be formed?
• (a) Behind the mirror
• (b) At the focal point
• (c) In front of the mirror
• (d) At infinity
• Show Answer: Behind the mirror
67. If the object is placed at the center of curvature in a concave mirror, where will the
image be formed?
• (a) At the center of curvature
• (b) At the focal point
• (c) Behind the mirror
• (d) In front of the mirror
• Show Answer: At the center of curvature
68. If the object is placed between the focal point and the mirror surface in a concave
mirror, what will be the nature of the image?
• (a) Real and inverted
• (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Virtual and upright

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69. If the object is placed at the focal point in a concave mirror, what will be the nature of
the image?
• (a) Real and inverted
• (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Not specified
70. If the object is placed between the focal point and the center of curvature in a concave
mirror, what will be the nature of the image?
• (a) Real and inverted
• (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Real and inverted
71. If the object is placed at the center of curvature in a concave mirror, what will be the
nature of the image?
• (a) Real and inverted
• (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Real and inverted
72. If the object is placed at infinity in a concave mirror, where will the image be formed?
• (a) At the center of curvature
• (b) At the focal point
• (c) Behind the mirror
• (d) At infinity
• Show Answer: At the focal point
73. If the object is placed at infinity in a concave mirror, what will be the nature of the
image?
• (a) Real and inverted

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 • (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Real and inverted
74. If the object is placed at infinity in a plane mirror, where will the image be formed?
• (a) At the center of curvature
• (b) At the focal point
• (c) Behind the mirror
• (d) At infinity
• Show Answer: At infinity
75. What is the nature of the image formed by a plane mirror for an object placed at any
distance from it?
• (a) Real and inverted
• (b) Real and upright
• (c) Virtual and inverted
• (d) Virtual and upright
• Show Answer: Virtual and upright

71. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is
placed in between the center of curvature and focal point?

(a) Same size

(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer: Enlarged, inverted

72. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is
placed at the focal point?

(a) Same size

(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer: No image

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73. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a concave mirror, when the object is
placed in between the focal point and pole?

(a) Same size

(b) Reduced, inverted
(c) Enlarged, upright
(d) No image
Show Answer: Enlarged, upright

74. What is the characteristic of an image formed by a convex mirror?

(a) Same size

(b) Reduced, upright
(c) Enlarged, inverted
(d) No image
Show Answer: Reduced, upright

75. At what position in a concave mirror is a virtual image formed?

(a) f > d_o > 0

(b) d_o > r
(c) d_o = f
(d) d_o = ∞
Show Answer: f > d_o > 0

76. The image formed by a convex mirror is:

(a) Real and inverted

(b) Real and upright
(c) Virtual and upright
(d) Virtual and inverted
Show Answer: Virtual and upright

77. The image formed by a plane mirror is:

(a) Real and inverted

(b) Real and upright
(c) Virtual and upright
(d) Virtual and inverted
Show Answer: Virtual and inverted

78. What is the term for the change of direction of light as it moves from one material
(called medium) to another?

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 (a) Absorption
(b) Diffraction
(c) Refraction
(d) Reflection
Show Answer: Refraction

79. What is the term for the ray of light moving away from the boundary between two
media?

(a) Incident ray

(b) Refracted ray
(c) Diffracted ray
(d) Reflective ray
Show Answer: Refracted ray

80. What is the term for the angle between the refracted ray and the normal?

(a) Angle of incidence

(b) Critical angle
(c) Angle of refraction
(d) Angle of reflection
Show Answer: Angle of refraction

81. What is the term for a medium with a greater refraction effect (slower speed of light)?
(a) Optically denser medium
(b) Optically lighter medium
(c) Critical medium
(d) Transparent medium
Show Answer: Optically denser medium

82. In which direction is a ray of light bent when entering an optically denser medium?

(a) Towards the normal

(b) Away from the normal
(c) Parallel to the refracting surface
(d) No bending
Show Answer: Towards the normal

83. In which direction is a ray of light bent when entering an optically rare medium?

(a) Towards the normal

(b) Away from the normal
(c) Parallel to the refracting surface
(d) No bending
Show Answer: Away from the normal

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84. What condition determines the direction of bending when light enters an optically
denser medium?

(a) Angle of reflection

(b) Angle of incidence
(c) Angle of refraction
(d) Angle of deflection
Show Answer: Angle of refraction

85. When light moves from air to glass, what is the relationship between the angle of
incidence and the angle of refraction?

(a) Equal angles

(b) Angle of incidence is greater
(c) Angle of refraction is greater
(d) No change in angles
Show Answer: Angle of incidence is greater

86. When light moves from glass to air, what is the relationship between the angle of
incidence and the angle of refraction?

(a) Equal angles

(b) Angle of incidence is greater
(c) Angle of refraction is greater
(d) No change in angles
Show Answer: Angle of refraction is greater

87. What is the term for the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of
light in a material?

(a) Optical coefficient

(b) Reflective factor
(c) Refractive index
(d) Luminosity ratio
Show Answer: Refractive index

88. In the formula "n = c/v", what does 'n' represent?

(a) Wavelength of light

(b) Refractive index of the material
(c) Speed of light in vacuum
(d) Frequency of light
Show Answer: Refractive index of the material

89. In the formula "n = c/v", what does 'c' represent?

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(a) Wavelength of light
(b) Refractive index of the material
(c) Speed of light in vacuum
(d) Frequency of light
Show Answer: Speed of light in vacuum

90. In the formula "n = c/v", what does 'v' represent?

(a) Wavelength of light

(b) Refractive index of the material
(c) Speed of light in vacuum
(d) Frequency of light
Show Answer: Speed of light in the material

91. What is the refractive index of a medium when the speed of light in that medium is
equal to the speed of light in a vacuum?
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) ∞
(d) 2
Show Answer: 1
92. What happens to the refractive index when light travels from a less dense medium to a
denser medium?
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains the same
(d) Becomes zero
Show Answer: Increases
93. What is the relationship between the refractive index and the speed of light in a
medium?
(a) Inversely proportional
(b) Directly proportional
(c) No relationship
(d) Exponential relationship
Show Answer: Inversely proportional
94. Which of the following materials has the highest refractive index?
(a) Air
(b) Water
(c) Diamond

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(d) Glass
Show Answer: Diamond
95. When a light ray passes from air into water, which property changes? (
a) Wavelength
(b) Frequency
(c) Speed
(d) Refractive index
Show Answer: Speed
96. What is the critical angle of a medium?
(a) The maximum angle of incidence for total internal reflection
(b) The angle of incidence equal to the angle of reflection
(c) The angle at which light enters a medium
(d) The angle at which light exits a medium
Show Answer: The maximum angle of incidence for total internal reflection
97. What is the phenomenon when light traveling from a medium with a higher refractive
index to a medium with a lower refractive index is completely reflected at the boundary?
(a) Refraction
(b) Diffraction
(c) Reflection
(d) Total internal reflection
Show Answer: Total internal reflection
98. In which optical device is total internal reflection used to transmit light signals over
long distances?
(a) Microscope
(b) Telescope
(c) Fiber optic cable
(d) Camera
Show Answer: Fiber optic cable
99. What is the unit of power of a lens?
(a) Diopter
(b) Watt
(c) Joule
(d) Newton
Show Answer: Diopter
100. What type of lens converges light rays to a single point?
(a) Concave lens
(b) Convex lens

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(c) Plano-concave lens
(d) Plano-convex lens
Show Answer: Convex lens
101. What type of lens diverges light rays?
(a) Concave lens
(b) Convex lens
(c) Plano-concave lens
(d) Plano-convex lens
Show Answer: Concave lens
102. What is the formula for calculating magnification in lenses?
(a) m = h/f
(b) m = f/h
(c) m = h + f
(d) m = h × f
Show Answer: m = h/f
103. Which color of light bends the most when passing through a prism?
(a) Red
(b) Green
(c) Blue
(d) Violet
Show Answer: Violet
104. What is the phenomenon where a sound wave encounters an obstacle and bends
around it?
(a) Refraction
(b) Diffraction
(c) Reflection
(d) Absorption
Show Answer: Diffraction
105. What is the SI unit of frequency?
(a) Hertz
(b) Watt
(c) Newton
(d) Joule
Show Answer: Hertz
106. What type of waves are sound waves?
(a) Transverse waves
(b) Longitudinal waves
(c) Electromagnetic waves
(d) Standing waves
Show Answer: Longitudinal waves

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107. Which property of a sound wave determines its loudness?
(a) Amplitude
(b) Frequency
(c) Wavelength
(d) Speed
Show Answer: Amplitude
108. What is the speed of sound in air at 20°C?
(a) 343 m/s
(b) 330 m/s
(c) 300 m/s
(d) 320 m/s
Show Answer: 343 m/s
109. What is the term for the change in frequency of a sound wave due to the motion of the
source or the observer?
(a) Refraction
(b) Diffraction
(c) Doppler effect
(d) Resonance
Show Answer: Doppler effect
110. Which part of the ear amplifies sound vibrations?
(a) Cochlea
(b) Eardrum (tympanic membrane)
(c) Auditory nerve
(d) Ossicles (bones in the middle ear)
Show Answer: Ossicles (bones in the middle ear)
111. What is the function of the cochlea in the ear?
(a) Amplifies sound vibrations
(b) Detects changes in air pressure
(c) Converts sound waves into electrical signals
(d) Controls the balance of the body
Show Answer: Converts sound waves into electrical signals
112. What is the range of human hearing in terms of frequency?
(a) 20 Hz to 20 kHz
(b) 1 Hz to 1 kHz
(c) 10 Hz to 10 kHz
(d) 50 Hz to 50 kHz
Show Answer: 20 Hz to 20 kHz
113. What is the unit of electric current?
(a) Volt
(b) Ampere

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(c) Ohm
(d) Watt
Show Answer: Ampere
114. Who is credited with the discovery of the electron?
(a) James Clerk Maxwell
(b) J.J. Thomson
(c) Niels Bohr
(d) Ernest Rutherford
Show Answer: J.J. Thomson
115. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
(a) Coulomb
(b) Ampere-hour
(c) Volt
(d) Ohm
Show Answer: Coulomb
116. What is the resistance of an ideal conductor at absolute zero temperature?
(a) Infinite
(b) Zero
(c) Variable
(d) Constant
Show Answer: Zero
117. What is the color of the flame produced by burning copper?
(a) Blue
(b) Green
(c) Red
(d) Yellow
Show Answer: Green
118. Which gas is responsible for the green color in the aurora borealis (northern lights)?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Helium
(d) Hydrogen
Show Answer: Oxygen
119. What is the chemical symbol for gold?
(a) Au
(b) Ag
(c) Fe
(d) Cu
Show Answer: Au

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120. Which element has the highest atomic number?
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Uranium
(c) Helium
(d) Plutonium
Show Answer: Uranium
121. Who developed the periodic table of elements?
(a) Dmitri Mendeleev
(b) Marie Curie
(c) Antoine Lavoisier
(d) Ernest Rutherford
Show Answer: Dmitri Mendeleev
122. Which element is a noble gas?
(a) Neon
(b) Sodium
(c) Chlorine
(d) Phosphorus
Show Answer: Neon
123. What is the chemical formula for water?
(a) H2O2
(b) CO2
(c) H2O
(d) CH4
Show Answer: H2O
124. Which gas is responsible for the smell of rotten eggs?
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Methane
(c) Sulfur dioxide
(d) Hydrogen sulfide
Show Answer: Hydrogen sulfide
125. What is the chemical symbol for the element iron?
(a) Fe
(b) Cu
(c) Au
(d) Ag
Show Answer: Fe
126. What is the process of converting a solid directly into vapor without passing through
the liquid state?
(a) Sublimation
(b) Condensation

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(c) Evaporation
(d) Fusion
Show Answer: Sublimation
127. Which gas is commonly known as laughing gas?
(a) Nitrous oxide
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Oxygen
Show Answer: Nitrous oxide
128. What is the chemical formula for methane?
(a) CH4
(b) CO2
(c) H2O
(d) N2
Show Answer: CH4
129. What is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight?
(a) Respiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Transpiration
(d) Fermentation
Show Answer: Photosynthesis
130. What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?
(a) Chlorophyll
(b) Melanin
(c) Carotene
(d) Xanthophyll
Show Answer: Chlorophyll
131. What is the chemical symbol for the element potassium?
(a) K
(b) Na
(c) Ca
(d) Mg
Show Answer: K
132. Which gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Oxygen
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Hydrogen
Show Answer: Carbon dioxide

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133. What is the largest organ in the human body?
(a) Liver
(b) Skin
(c) Heart
(d) Brain
Show Answer: Skin
133. What is the largest organ in the human body?
(a) Liver
(b) Skin
(c) Heart
(d) Brain
Show Answer: Skin
134. What is the primary function of the liver in the human body?
(a) Digestion of food
(b) Blood circulation
(c) Detoxification
(d) Oxygen transport
Show Answer: Detoxification
135. What is the main function of the pancreas?
(a) Production of insulin
(b) Digestion of fats
(c) Blood filtration
(d) Regulation of body temperature
Show Answer: Production of insulin
136. Which part of the human brain is responsible for regulating basic life functions such
as breathing and heartbeat?
(a) Cerebrum
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Medulla oblongata
(d) Hypothalamus
Show Answer: Medulla oblongata
137. What is the function of the cerebellum in the brain?
(a) Memory and emotions
(b) Vision and hearing
(c) Motor control and coordination
(d) Language processing
Show Answer: Motor control and coordination
138. Which hormone is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and circadian
rhythms?
(a) Insulin

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(b) Melatonin
(c) Adrenaline
(d) Estrogen
Show Answer: Melatonin
139. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?
(a) Arteries
(b) Veins
(c) Capillaries
(d) Venules
Show Answer: Arteries
140. What is the smallest unit of life?
(a) Cell
(b) Molecule
(c) Atom
(d) Tissue
Show Answer: Cell
141. Who is known as the father of modern physics?
(a) Albert Einstein
(b) Isaac Newton
(c) Galileo Galilei
(d) Niels Bohr
Show Answer: Albert Einstein
142. What is the SI unit of energy?
(a) Watt
(b) Joule
(c) Newton
(d) Kilogram
Show Answer: Joule
143. Who formulated the laws of motion?
(a) Isaac Newton
(b) Albert Einstein
(c) Galileo Galilei
(d) Johannes Kepler
Show Answer: Isaac Newton
144. What is the first law of motion also known as?
(a) Law of gravity
(b) Law of inertia
(c) Law of action and reaction
(d) Law of acceleration
Show Answer: Law of inertia

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145. What is the SI unit of force?
(a) Newton
(b) Joule
(c) Watt
(d) Kilogram
Show Answer: Newton
146. What is the formula for calculating force?
(a) F = ma
(b) F = m/v
(c) F = a/v
(d) F = mv
Show Answer: F = ma
147. What is the third law of motion?
(a) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
(b) An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an external force
(c) Force is equal to the change in momentum with respect to time
(d) The velocity of an object remains constant unless a net force is applied
Show Answer: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
148. Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?
(a) Venus
(b) Mars
(c) Jupiter
(d) Saturn
Show Answer: Mars
149. What is the largest planet in our solar system?
(a) Earth
(b) Mars
(c) Jupiter
(d) Saturn
Show Answer: Jupiter
150. What is the name of the first artificial satellite launched into space?
(a) Sputnik 1
(b) Explorer 1
(c) Vanguard 1
(d) Hubble Space Telescope
Show Answer: Sputnik 1
151. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
(a) 300,000 km/s
(b) 150,000 km/s
(c) 1,000,000 km/s

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(d) 3,000,000 km/s
Show Answer: 300,000 km/s
152. What is the center of an atom called?
(a) Electron
(b) Nucleus
(c) Proton
(d) Neutron
Show Answer: Nucleus
153. Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
(a) Proton
(b) Neutron
(c) Electron
(d) Positron
Show Answer: Electron
154. What is the charge of a proton?
(a) Positive
(b) Negative
(c) Neutral
(d) Variable
Show Answer: Positive
155. What is the charge of an electron?
(a) Positive
(b) Negative
(c) Neutral
(d) Variable
Show Answer: Negative
156. Which scientist is famous for the theory of relativity?
(a) Isaac Newton
(b) Albert Einstein
(c) Niels Bohr
(d) Galileo Galilei
Show Answer: Albert Einstein
157. What is the phenomenon where light bends as it passes from one medium to another?
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Diffraction
(d) Dispersion
Show Answer: Refraction

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158. What is the law of reflection?
(a) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction
(b) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
(c) The angle of refraction is equal to the angle of dispersion
(d) The angle of reflection is twice the angle of incidence
Show Answer: The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection
159. What is the unit of electric potential difference?
(a) Volt
(b) Ampere
(c) Ohm
(d) Watt
Show Answer: Volt
160. What is the force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid (liquid or gas)?
(a) Gravity
(b) Friction
(c) Tension
(d) Buoyancy
Show Answer: Friction
161. What is the phenomenon where light waves cancel each other out, resulting in the
absence of light?
(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Interference
(d) Diffraction
Show Answer: Interference
162. Who is known for the laws of planetary motion?
(a) Isaac Newton
(b) Johannes Kepler
(c) Galileo Galilei
(d) Nicolaus Copernicus
Show Answer: Johannes Kepler
163. What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
(a) Digestion
(b) Circulation
(c) Respiration
(d) Excretion
Show Answer: Respiration
164. What is the function of red blood cells in the human body?
(a) Carrying oxygen
(b) Fighting infection

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(c) Clotting blood
(d) Carrying nutrients
Show Answer: Carrying oxygen
165. What is the largest organ in the human body?
(a) Liver
(b) Skin
(c) Heart
(d) Lungs
Show Answer: Skin
166. What is the outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere called?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Exosphere
Show Answer: Exosphere
167. What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?
(a) Transpiration
(b) Evaporation
(c) Condensation
(d) Precipitation
Show Answer: Transpiration
168. What is the SI unit of power?
(a) Watt
(b) Joule
(c) Newton
(d) Kilogram
Show Answer: Watt
169. Who is known for the laws of heredity?
(a) Charles Darwin
(b) Gregor Mendel
(c) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
(d) Alfred Russel Wallace
Show Answer: Gregor Mendel
170. What is the force that opposes the motion of an object on a surface?
(a) Gravity
(b) Friction
(c) Tension
(d) Buoyancy
Show Answer: Friction

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171. What is the pH value of a neutral substance?
(a) 0
(b) 7
(c) 14
(d) 1
Show Answer: 7
172. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Methane
Show Answer: Carbon dioxide
173. What is the chemical symbol for the element carbon?
(a) C
(b) Ca
(c) Co
(d) Cu
Show Answer: C
174. What is the function of the large intestine in the digestive system?
(a) Absorption of nutrients
(b) Production of bile
(c) Absorption of water
(d) Secretion of enzymes
Show Answer: Absorption of water
175. What is the chemical formula for the gas commonly known as laughing gas?
(a) N2O
(b) CO2
(c) O2
(d) CH4
Show Answer: N2O
176. Which planet is known as the "Morning Star" or "Evening Star"?
(a) Venus
(b) Mars
(c) Jupiter
(d) Saturn
Show Answer: Venus
177. What is the process by which a liquid becomes a gas at its boiling point throughout the
liquid?
(a) Evaporation
(b) Sublimation

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(c) Condensation
(d) Boiling
Show Answer: Boiling
178. What is the chemical formula for table salt?
(a) NaCl
(b) HCl
(c) KCl
(d) CaCl2
Show Answer: NaCl
179. Which gas is responsible for the formation of acid rain?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Sulfur dioxide
(d) Carbon dioxide
Show Answer: Sulfur dioxide
180. What is the process by which plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen?
(a) Respiration
(b) Transpiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Fermentation
Show Answer: Photosynthesis
181. What is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller particles by physical
or chemical means?
(a) Weathering
(b) Erosion
(c) Sedimentation
(d) Deposition
Show Answer: Weathering
182. What is the chemical symbol for the element sodium?
(a) Na
(b) Ca
(c) K
(d) Mg
Show Answer: Na
183. What is the process by which plants lose water to the atmosphere through small pores
on their leaves?
(a) Transpiration
(b) Evaporation
(c) Condensation

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(d) Precipitation
Show Answer: Transpiration
184. What is the largest organ in the human body?
(a) Liver
(b) Skin
(c) Heart
(d) Lungs
Show Answer: Skin
185. What is the main function of the kidneys in the human body?
(a) Regulation of body temperature
(b) Filtration of blood and excretion of waste products
(c) Digestion of food
(d) Production of hormones
Show Answer: Filtration of blood and excretion of waste products
186. What is the chemical formula for the gas commonly known as tear gas?
(a) CS2
(b) HCN
(c) H2S
(d) C6H12O6
Show Answer: CS2
187. Which gas do plants release during photosynthesis?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Hydrogen
Show Answer: Oxygen
188. What is the chemical formula for glucose?
(a) C6H12O6
(b) H2O
(c) CO2
(d) CH4
Show Answer: C6H12O6
189. What is the process by which an organism produces offspring of its own kind?
(a) Reproduction
(b) Respiration
(c) Digestion
(d) Excretion
Show Answer: Reproduction

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190. What is the process by which living organisms take in oxygen and release carbon
dioxide?
(a) Respiration
(b) Photosynthesis
(c) Fermentation
(d) Transpiration
Show Answer: Respiration

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