18.

1 0 conditional
Zero conditional.

[00:00:01] Conditional sentences tell us if and, with the zero conditional, when one event will or
will not happen because of or depending on something else.

[00:00:12] It's much easier to explain with examples. So let's do that and get started with the
zero conditional.

[00:00:18] We use the zero conditional when a result will always happen.

[00:00:22] It's basically a fact. A fact of life. We are not talking about a specific situation or
experience. We are saying generally, in general this will always occur.

[00:00:32] How to form the zero conditional.

[00:00:34] So to form the zero conditional we have two clauses. If you don't know what a clause
is, go back to the conjunctions and clauses section first.

[00:00:42] The first clause is if plus a subject and verb in the present simple. This is the
dependent clause.

[00:00:49] The second clause is another subject and verb in the present simple. This is the
independent clause.

[00:00:55] The order of these clauses can always be switched for any conditional, from zero to
three. Here are some examples to clarify the form and use of the zero conditional.

[00:01:05] If it rains, you get wet.

[00:01:07] So we have if plus it rains.

[00:01:10] It is our subject and to rain is our verb. This is the clause that tells us what happens
first. The second clause depends on this clause to happen. And this is what happens: if it rains,
you get wet.

[00:01:25] This is a fact. You don't get wet unless it rains. It must rain for you to get wet. We can
say something basically the opposite too. If it doesn't rain, you don't get wet! And remember,
we can switch the order of the clauses.

[00:01:39] You get wet if it rains.

[00:01:41] And, you don't get wet if it doesn't rain.

[00:01:44] Did you notice what happened when I change the order and put the if clause second?
There is no comma. Only use a comma when the dependent clause comes first.
[00:01:53] You get a sunburn if you stay in the sun too long.

[00:01:56] The sunburn only happens if something else happens. And that is staying in the sun
too long. There's no comma here because the independent clause comes first, but if we switch
it, and put the if clause first, we get.

[00:02:10] If you stay in the sun too long, you get a sunburn.

[00:02:13] Present simple and present simple as always with the zero conditional.

[00:02:17] It's a fact and for people with paler skin, like me. It's very true.

[00:02:21] When you have fun, time seems to pass quickly.

[00:02:24] Remember when can replace if when used in the zero conditional.

[00:02:28] So. If you have fun, time seems to pass quickly.

[00:02:31] Has the exact same meaning. And of course, you can also say, time seems to pass
quickly when you have fun. So the comma rule is the same here, too. And what are we saying?

[00:02:41] Time goes quickly when you're having fun, right? And when you are bored time
seems to pass very slowly. We can only replace if with when with the zero conditional.

[00:02:52] None of the other conditionals can do this.