ఇఋఅఐఎఊఏఉఊ఍ ఖఅఊఉఏఉ ఓ఍కఒఆఉఆఝ఍ ఖఒఎఒఉఆ఍ఖ అఐఒట఑ఒఆఅఝ఍ ఈఅఇఉສ ఖఅఊఉఏఉఇఋఅఐఎఊఏఉఊ఍

ణఐఅకఉఆఅఌ຃ అచ ఇఅఉట఑ఒఆ఍ఌ ఖఅచఅకఌఊఉఏఒఝ఍ ఇఅఊకటఉఏఉఆఘఏ ැුා

ఖఅణఉఒఆ఍ఖ ఐఅఎకఒఐ఍టఉగఖ ఈఅ ఐ఍఍ఛఉఆఌ ఍఑ఙఒకఐఅట఍అఖ ఖఒఎఒఉఆ఍ఖ
అఇఉఆఘఏఉఆ఍ఖຄఝఉఇకఒఊఉఆ఍ఖఅఈఅఐఒడఅఐఊఏ఍ఖఖఅఙకఌణఉఉఆ఍ఖఝఉఖఅణఉఆ຃

ఌ఍ఌఒఉఘఏ఍ఖఅణఉఒఆఅడఅకఐఒఈఇఉ఑఍ఏ఍అఝఉఐఈఉఇ఍ఐఅణఅఖ఍అఌఉఆఏఉఆ఍ఌ຅

• ఖఅణఉఒఆ఍ఖచఅకఌఘఏ఍ຄఏఅఌ఍఑ఘక఍ఈఅ఍఑ఇఏ఍ఖఘక఍ఖఅణఉఏడఒఈఉఆఅຆ
• ఐఒకఙఒఏఒఇ఍ఘక఍అఛడఉకఅຆ
• థఅఆ఍గఅగ఍ຄఖఘఆఖగకఅగ఍ఈఅఖఉఋఒ఑ఘకఒఆఅຆ
• ఎఒ఑గ఍఑ఉ఑గఘక఍ఇఅఊకటఉఏఉఆఅຆ
• ఇఅఐఒజఉ఑ఉఆఅຜఖఅఎఊఉఆఅఈఊఅకఇ఍ఖఒఆఅຑగఒచఖ఍ఎఘకఒఆఅຝ຃

The purpose of the guide is to help you identify mushrooms in the

wild. Here you will learn about 150 species of macromycetes that are
commonly found in Georgia.

The guide contains information on poisonous and edible mushrooms

as well as the structure and gathering of the mushrooms.

In addition, the guide also covers the following information on each

species of mushrooms:

• Georgian, Latin and English names of the species;

• morphological description;
• habitat, substrate and seasonality;
• continental distribution;
• use (edibility, toxicity).

MUSHROOMS
of Georgia
www.cenn.org The Field Guide

ǴǣȁǧǰǤǣ
 ૆૊ૄ૏્ૉ૎ૈૉૌ૕૜ૈ૕ૄૢૈૅ
૴૸૲૽ૻ૷ૼ૶૷ૺଃ૽ૺ૸૲૾ૺ૲຅૵૲ૺ૾଄૶ଂ૶ଃ૶૳ଆૼ૲૵૲૽ૺ૲૾૶૳ଃଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଃ૲૷૶-
ૼ૶଀ૺଂ૿૳૶૳ଋૺ૲૽૿଎૾૿૳૲ଋૺ૵૲૶ଓ૽૲ଂ૿ଃຄ૲ଈ૴૲૶଎૾૿૳ૺૹො෺ැଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ૺଃ
૽૲ૻଂ૿૽ૺ଎૶଄ଃ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎ଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶ૼ૿ଋૺ૲૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

ఇఋఅఐఎఊఏఉఊఝ఍ ఌఅఊఐఒజక఍ఏ఍అ ఍఑ఙఒకఐఅట఍అ ఖఒఎఒఉఆ఍ఖ అఇఉఆఘఏఉఆ఍ఖຄ ఝఉ-

ఇకఒఊఉఆ఍ఖఅఈఅఖఒఎఒఌ఍ఐఒడఅఐఊఏ఍ఖఝఉఖఅణఉఆ຃అఐఅఖఌఅ఑ຄజఒఊఉఏ఍ఖఅణఉఒ-
ఆ఍ఖఖఒఎఒఖఝఉఖఅణఉఆడఅకఐఒఈఇఉ఑఍ఏ఍అఝఉఐఈఉఇ఍ట఑ఒఆఉఆ఍຅

࢒ ఖఅణఉఒఆ఍ఖచఅకఌఘఏ఍ຄఏఅఌ఍఑ఘక఍ఈఅ఍఑ఇఏ఍ఖఘక఍ఖఅణఉఏడఒఈఉఆఅຆ
࢒ ఐఒకఙఒఏఒఇ఍ఘక఍అఛడఉకఅຆ
࢒ థఅఆ఍గఅగ఍ຄఖఘఆఖగకఅగ఍ఈఅఖఉఋఒ఑ఘకఒఆఅຆ
࢒ ఎఒ఑గ఍఑ఉ఑గఘక఍ఇఅఊకటఉఏఉఆఅຆ
࢒ ఇఅఐఒజఉ఑ఉఆఅຜఎఊఉఆ఍ఌ఍ఛ఍కఉఆఘఏఉఆఅຄగఒచఖ఍ఎఘకఒఆఅຝ຃

ଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶ૼ૿ଃଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ࿓/H¨¨

ଋ૶૽૵૴૶૾૶ૼૺຆૺ૲ଔ૿ଂଔ૲ଏ૶

,řȫʍǥřɰƥȓȓʢʀƇǰŽřɰǰʢʀຜఐ఍చఏ఍ఒຝ
ଇ૿଄૿૶૳ૺຆૺ૲ଔ૿ଂଔ૲ଏ૶຅˝˝˝ຄʌǫʯʚʚƩɼʌʚɄƊȕຄƊɄȭ

|ö'¨ฒฆฌຫฒฒ෮ොຫฌຫ෮෺෮ฆຫ෺

૴૸૲૽ૻ૷ૼ૶૷ૺ૽૿૽૸૲૵૵૲଀ଂ૿૶ଈ଄ૺଃຯຼ଄ଊૺଃ૽૵૴ଂ૲૵ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૷ૺଃଓ૶ૼຫ
Boletus edulis

ଋ૶ଐଊ૿૳૲ଃ૿ଇૼૺଃ૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૲ૹ૷ૺଃຽຯଇ૲ଂ૴ૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂૺૺଃ
૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃૹ૲૾૲૽ଋଂ૿૽ૼ૿૳ૺଃຯ9/ຫૺଃຯଇૺ૾૲૾ଃଆଂૺ૽ଓ૲ଂ૵૲ຫ
଒૶ଂૺૹຄଃ૲૷૶ૼ૶૽૶૴૸ଆଂૺଃଋૺ૾૲૲ଂଃ૸૶଀૲ଃଆଓૺଃ૽૴૶૳૶ૼૺ૲଀ଂ૿૶ଈ଄ૺଃ
૴૲૾૽૲ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺ૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૵૲຅ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲຅૲ଂ૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄૲૷૵૶ଃ9/ຫૺଃ
૽૿ଃ૲૸ଂ૶૳૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଋ૶ଓ૶૵ଆૼ૶૳૶૳ଃຄ

ૹ૳ૺૼૺଃૺ຅෢ැ෢෢

1
 ૔ૄૄ૔ૌ૕૕૑્૑ຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ૿ଂ૴૲૾ૺ૸૽ૹ૲଎૲ૼૻ૶ଃ૲૽૶ଇ૿૲ຯ଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼૺ૳ଆ૾૶૳ૺଃ
૵૲૽૿ଆૻૺ૵૶૳૶ૼૺ૵૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼૺଔ૴ଆଇૺຄ૽଎૶૾૲ଂૺଃ૲૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૲ଂ૴૲૲଍૾ૺ૲ଇ૶ଃ૷ૺ຅ଉ૶ଂ૿૵૲ଇ૿ૹ૿ૼૺງ૲ଂଋ૶ଆଏૼૺ૲ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳ૺ
૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ૺଃଐ૲ଂ૽૿ଈ૽૾૲૵૲຅଎ଓ૿૷૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૲૵຅ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૲૵
૽૸૲૿ଂ૴૲૾ଆૼ૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ଃૺଊ૶૾૶૳ଃງଓ૿ૼ૿຅ଓ૲૷ଃ૶૳ૺଃ૲૵૲૴૷ૺ૽ଂ૶-
૳ૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૲૵຅ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ૽ଂ૲૷ૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ଄૶ଂ૽ૺ૾ଋૺຼଃ૿ૻ૿ຽ຅ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎
ଐ૶ଃૺ຅ૹ૷૲ૼૺૹଓૺૼଆૼૺ຅૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼ૶૳ૺଃ૽ଈ૿૾૶ຯ૽૲ૻଂ૿૽ૺ଎૶଄૶૳ૺ
૽૿ૺ૲૸ଂ૶૳૲ຄ
ఈఛఉ఍ఖఅఌఊ఍ఖఖఅచఅకఌఊఉఏఒఝ఍ఖఒఎఒఉఆ఍ఖූຄාාාສఐఈఉఖఅణఉఒఆఅఅఅఛక఍టణఘ-
ఏ఍຃ఐఅఌఇఅ఑ැຄිාාສఖఅణఉఒఆఅఐఈఉఐఅఎకఒఐ఍టఉగ఍అ຃
ఖఒఎఒఉఆ఍ఖఝఉఐఖడఅఊఏఉఏఐఉట఑఍ఉకఉఆఅఖఐ఍ఎఒఏఒఇ఍అఉడఒఈఉఆఅ຃
૕ૄેૌ૊૔ેૈૅૄ૕૑્૑ຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૽଎૶૾૲ଂ૶ଆૼ૿૳ૺଃଊ૷૶ૼ૲଄ૺ଀ଋૺ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ຄૺଃଃଓ૷૲૵૲ଃଓ૷૲଀ૺ-
ଂ૿૳૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄૸૶ຝ૴૲ଂ૶૽૿຅ଃ૲ૺ૵૲૾૲଎ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶-
ଂ૶૳૶૳ଃૺଉ૶૳ଃຟૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ૽૲ૻଂ૿૽ૺ଎૶଄૶૳ૺଃଆ૽ଂ૲૷ૼ૶ଃ૿૳૲଄ଊ૶૶૳ଃ૲
૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ૲૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺຄ૴૲ଂૻ૷૶ଆૼૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲
૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ଄૶଀૶૳ଋૺ຅૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଆ૵૲૳૾૿૶૳ଋૺ຅
଒૲૿૳૶૳ଋૺ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄ
Sarcoscypha coccinea
2 3
૔ૄ૔૑૎ૌૄ૙ૉો૕૑્૑ૈૅ૕ૅ૗ૐૈૅૄ૜ૌຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ଃ૳ଆ૾૶૳૲ଋૺଆ૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶ૼ૿૷૲૾૶ଃૺଂ૿ૼૺ૲ଈ૷ૹ຅ૻ૶ଂଏ૿૵຅૵ૺ૵ૺ
૶ૻ૿ૼ૿૴ૺଆଂૺ૵૲૶ૻ૿૾૿૽ૺૻଆଂૺଐ૷ૼૺૼૺଋ૶૲ଈ૷ૹ૵૶૵૲૽ૺଐૺଃ૳ૺ૿ଃଇ૶-
ଂ૿ଋૺຄଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺૹ૲૾૲૽૿૾૲ଐૺૼ૶૿૳૶૾ૺଃ૶ૹଃ૲ଃૺ଎૿଎ଓૼ૿૵૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଀ଂ૿଎૶ଃ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଂ૿૴૿ଂ૶૳ૺ଎૲૲ຆ
࢒ ఒకఇఅ఑ఘఏ఍ఐఅఖఅఏఉఆ఍ఖఅఈఅ఑఍ఊఌ఍ఉకఉఆఉఆ఍ఖఈఅఝఏఅఈఅఐ఍఑ఉకఅఏ఍ఋఅట఍అຆ
࢒ ఑఍అఈఅఇ఍ఖఇఅఐఢఒఏఒఆ఍ఖఐఒఈ఍ఙ఍ఎఅట఍అఈఅఅఇకఉఇ఍కఉఆ఍ఖణఉఏఝఉడజఒఆఅຆ
࢒ ఑఍అఈఅఇడఅకఐఒచఐ఑఍ఖ ఐ఍ఎకఒఆ఍ఒఏఒఇ఍ఘక఍ ఓకఒటఉఖఉఆ఍ຄ ఐఅఌ ఝఒక఍ఖຄ
థఘఐఘఖ఍ఖ఑఍ఊఌ఍ఉకఉఆఉఆ఍ఖఖ఍఑ఌఉఋ఍ຆ
࢒ ఌఉఖఏఉఆ఍ఖఇఅఛ఍ఊఉఆ఍ఖఇఅఅఈఊ఍ఏఉఆఅຄఐఅఌ఍ఖఅఙఅకఊఉఏ఍ఖఈఅఝఏ఍ఖఇఋ఍ఌຆ
࢒ ఆ఍ఒ఍఑ఈ఍ఎఅట఍అຄఅ఑ఘఖఒఎఒఉఆ఍ఖఅఈఅఏ఍చఉ఑ఉఆ఍ఖຜఖఒఎఒఖఅఈఅడజఅఏఐ-
టఉ఑అక఍ఖఇఅ఑ఝఉఈఇఉ఑఍ఏ఍ఒకఇఅ఑఍ఋఐఉఆ఍ຝఇఅఐఒజఉ఑ఉఆఅఇఅకఉఐఒఖఈఅఆ఍-
఑ఠఘకఉఆ఍ఖຜఐఅఌఝఒక఍ఖຄగజ఍ఖఐఈఇఒఐఅకఉఒఆ఍ఖຝ఍఑ఈ఍ఎఅగఒకఅఈఈఅఖణఊ຃
૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶ૼ૿૳૲૲ଈ૷ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ຅ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎૽ૺૻ૿ଂૺ૸ૺଃ
ଐ૲ଂ૽૿૽ଈ૽૾૶ૼଃຆ૽ૺૻ૿ଂૺ૸૲଒ଆଂ଒ૼ૿૷૲૾૽଎૶૾૲ଂ૶ૹ૲ଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳ૺଃ૲૵૲
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଆଂૹૺ૶ଂૹଃ૲ଃ૲ଂ૴૶૳ૼ૿ૹ૲૾૲଎ଓ૿૷ଂ૶૳૲૲ຄ૲ଃ૶ૹ૵ଂ૿ଃ຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ
ଖૺଇ૶૳ૺຝ૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺ຅ଂૺૹ૲଎ଃ૿ૻ૿૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶૲૵૲૽૲૴ଂ૶-
૳ଆૼૺຟ૴૲ଂଃ૶ଓ૷૶૷૲૽଎૶૾૲ଂૺଃଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳ଃ૵૲૲૽ૺૹ૸ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ
૲ଂ૶૲ૼଃ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ૹ૲૾ຄଋ૶૵૶૴૲૵຅૽଎૶૾૲ଂ૶ଆૻ૶ૹଋ૶ૺଐ૿૷ଃଐଊ૲ૼଃ૲૵૲
૽ૺ૾૶ଂ૲ૼ૶૳ଃ຅ଓ૿ૼ૿ଃ૿ૻ૿૽଎૶૾૲ଂૺଃ૴૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଃ૲଒ૺଂ૿ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳
૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ଃૺଉ૶૳ଃຄ
૔૑૆૑૔ૌ૏ૄ્૔૑૏ૌ૞ૈ૖ૈૅૌ૆ૉૢૉેૈૅૄຌ
૽૲ૻଂ૿૽ૺ଎૶଄૶૳ૺଃଆ૽ଂ૲૷ૼ૶ଃ૿૳૲૶ଂૹૺ૲૾૵૶૳૲૳૲૸ૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶-
૳ૺଃຝ૳૲૸ૺ૵ૺ૿૽ૺ଎૶଄૶૳ૺຟଔ૴ଆଇଋૺຝଂ૿૴૿ଂ૶૳ૺ଎૲૲ຆଈଆ૵ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ຅
૲૳૶૵૶૳ૺ຅ଃ૲଍૶଍૶ૼ૶૳ૺ຅ଇଋଆૻଆ૾૶૳ૺ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄຟ຅ଓ૿ૼ૿૾૲ଐૺૼૺຯ଍૲૾ૹૺ૲૾ૺ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃຝ૲ଃૻ૿૽ૺ଎૶଄૶૳ૺຟଔ૴ଆଇଋૺຝ૲ଃ૶ૹ૶૳ૺ૲ຆଔ૲૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଆ૾૲૴ૺଂ૲
ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଓ૲ଂૺଃଇ૲ଋ૷૲຅଄ଂૺଆଇ૶ૼ૶૳ૺ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄຟຄ
૕૑્૑૕ૄ૆ૈૅ૗૎ૈૅૄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૽ૺଐૺଃ૸૶૵૲૵૲૽ૺଐૺଃଈ૷૶ଋ૲૾૲ଐૺૼ૶૳૲૵ଋ૶૴૷ૺଏૼૺ૲૴૲૾૷ૺଓૺ-
ૼ૿ૹຄ૽ૺଐૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼૺ຅૲૾ଆ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺ຅଍૷૶૾ૹ૷ૺଃૺ૽ૹ૲૷ૺૹ૷૶
ଓૺૼଆૼૺ૲຅ଂ૿૵૶ଃ૲଎૽૲ଃ଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૽ૺ૾૵૿ଂଋૺ૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૲૵૴ૺૼ૲ଃ૷૲૴ଂ૿-
૷૶૳ૹຄ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ଃ૲૾ଃଓ૷૲ଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଃଃ૿ૻ૿૶૽૲૴ଂ૶૳૲૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
ଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ଃ૷ଆଐ૿૵૶૳ૹຄ૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ૺଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅
૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺ૵૲૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹଋૺ૴૲૵૲ଓૼ૲ଂૹଆૼૺଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺଃຝଖૺଇ૶૳ૺଃຟ
ଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૴૲૾ଋ૶૵૴૶૳૲ຄ
૕૑્૑૕૘૑૔૏ૄ
ଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅૵ૺଃૻ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૹ૲ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૲ଂଔ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૽ଃଓૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଔ૲૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૵૲૲ຄଋຄଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼૺ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଆ૽ଂ૲૷ૼ૶ଃ૿૳ૺଃ
૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଋ૶૵૴૶૳૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃ૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૲૴૲૾຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹଃ
ଇ૶ଓૺ૲ଂ૴૲૲଍૾ૺ૲ຄ
૕૑્૑૕૙૗ેૌ
ଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃ ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ ଈଆ૵ૺ ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ ૺଊ૿ଃຆ ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૲૽૿ຫ
૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂຫ
૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ ૵૲ ૲ຄଋຄ ૸ଂ૵ૺଃ ଃ૲ଐଊૺଃ
ଃ଄૲૵ૺ૲ଋૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ଖଈ૿૾૵૶ଃ૶ଂૹૺଇ૿ଂ૽૲຅૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃૻૺຯଃଓ૷૲ຄ
ଈଆ૵ૺଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ຅଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ-
૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺຝ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺຟ຅
૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૶଒૶଒૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲-
ૼૺ຅ଃ૲૵૲຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ૵૲૲ຄଋຄ
ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃຆ૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ຅ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ-
૲૾ૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ
૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ૵૲૲ຄଋຄ
ଈଆ૵ૺଃଈ૷૶૵૲૽ଓ૲ଂ૶ଃ૽૿ૹ૲૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ຅ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺ૲૾૶ૻ-
ૼૺ૲૾ૺଐ૲૾૲૸૲ଂ૵૶૳ૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺଋଂ૶ຝଖૺ૽૶૾ૺଆ૽ૺ຅
ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຟ૶ଐ૿૵૶૳૲ຄ
ଃଐ૿ଂ૶૵૲૽૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૵૶૳૲૳૲૸ૺ૵ૺଆ૽૶૳ૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹຄଇૺଂଇૺຫ
଄૶૳ଃ຅ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ଃ૲૾૶ૻૼૺ૲૾ଐ૲૾૲૸૲ଂ૵૶૳ଃଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅ଃଓ૷૲૵૲ଃଓ૷૲૴૷૲ଂૺ
૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳૲ଖଈ૿૾૵૶ଃຆૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺຝଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૲૾ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺଇ૶ଓଃ
4 5
૲ଂ૶ଓ૶૳૲ຟ຅૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺຝૻ૳ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૲૵૲૲ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ຟ຅ଋ૶-
૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺຝ૽ૹ૶ૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ૲૲ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ຟ૲૾૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ
ຝଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૲૾ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૲૲ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾
૵૲຅૲૽૲૷૶૵ଂ૿ଃ຅ଇ૶ଓଃ૲଎૵૲ଖଊ૷૶૳૲ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຟຄ
૕૑્૑૕૘ૈૢૌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇ૶ଓૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૲૽ૺ૽૲૴ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽૸૿૴
ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅૴૷૶ଂ૵ଆૼ૲૵૲଎૲ଂૺଃଓ૿ૼ૽૶ຄ
ଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇ૶ଓૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅
ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ૲૾຅଀ૺଂૺଈૺૹ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫଐ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ૻ૷૶ଂૹଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏૺ-
ଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ
૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ૵૲૲ຄଋຄ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇ૶ଓૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ-
૷ૺ຅૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૶ૼ૲ଃ଄ૺૻଆଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଋૺ૴-
૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺຝ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺຟ૲૾ଇଆଊ૶ຝ଎૲ଂૺ૶ૼૺ຅૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺຟ૵૲૲ຄଋຄ
૔ૄ૗ૐેૄ૆ૄૉૌોૉૄ૎ૌ૕ૠૌૐ૑ો૕૑્૑૕
ૌેૈૐ૖ૌ૘ૌ્ૄ૞ૌૌ૕ૄ૕ຌ
ૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૲଀ૻૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ૴૲ଂଃૺૹຝૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺຟ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂଋଂ૶ଃ
ຝଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎ଐ૶ଃૺ຅૶ଃ૲૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃଈ૷૶૵૲૽ଓ૲ଂ૶ଃ૴૲૾ૹ૲૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺଋଂ૶ຟଇ૲ଂ૲૷ଃຄ
૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ຅ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૺଓ૶૷૲૵૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻૺ૵૶૸૶ଇૹૺૼ૶૳ૺଃ
ଃ૲ଓૺૹ૲૾ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૲૷ૺૹଂ଍૶૳૲ຄ૸૿૴ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲ଋૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆ-
ଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲ຄ૲ଂૺଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ
૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૲଀ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૴૲ଂଃૺૹຝଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺຟ૵૲
ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓଃ૽૿૴૷૲૴૿૾૶૳ଃຄଋ૶૽૵૴૿૽຅ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૺଓ૶૷૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃ
ଏૺଂ૸૶଄૿଀ଂ૲ૻૺ૷ૺૹຝ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຟ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂ૸૶ૻૺ૽૶଒૶଒૶૳ૺ૷ૺૹ૲૾
૾૲ଇૼ૶ૹ૶૳ૺ૷ૺૹଂ଍૶૳૲ຄ૸૿૴ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲ଃૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ଎૲ଈ૷ଃ૵૲
ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿଎ຄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃૺ૵૶૾଄ૺଇૺૻ૲଎ૺૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଃ
଎૿૵૾૲଎ຄ૲૽ૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૽଄૷ଂૺଃ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ૵૲૴଒ૺଂ૵૶૳૲ૹ຅
ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૾૲ૺଂ૲૵ૻ૶ૹ૵૶૳૲ຆ
૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ଆૼ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼଃଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂଋଂ૶૽૵૶૶଒ଂ૶૳૲ଇ૶ଓૺຄ૵૲ଂ଍૶-
૾ૺૼૺଈଆ૵ૺ૴૲૵૲૾૲଒ଂૺૹૹ૲૷ଃ૵૶૳૲ૹ૶ૹଂଈ૲ଉ૲ૼ૵૸૶຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ૻૺ଒ଆଂ଒૶-
ૼૺ૶ଇ૲ଂ૶૳૲ຄ෮ຫො෢ଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଈ૲ଉ૲ૼ૵૸૶ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺଂ଍૶૳૲ຄ
૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃ૲૵૲૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺଃ૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳-
ૼ૶૳ૺ଎຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃຆ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅
૷૲ଂଃૻ૷ૼ૲૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଃ૲૵૲຅૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ૵૲૲ຄଋຄ
ଊଆଂ૲૵ଉ૶૳૲ଆ૾૵૲૽ૺ૶ଈ଎૶ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଃ૲଎຅૽ૺଃଃ଄ଂଆଈ଄ଆଂ૲ଃ຅
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲૵૲ଃଆ૾ଃຄ
૲૽૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૲ૼ૿຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଁ૲૷૿຅ଓૺૼૺଃ຅૾ଆଋૺଃ຅ଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃଃଆ૾૶૳ૺૹ૵૲
૲ຄଋຄ૸૿૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺૼૺଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂଃ
૲૾ଂଏૺଃ૶૳ଂଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃຄ
૔૑ેૌ૕૜ૈૉૄ૆૔૑ૉ૑ો૕૑્૑ຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଊ૷૶ૼ૲૸૶૽૶଄ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹຝ૵૲૲ଓૼຄฒ෺ྜຫ૽૵૶ຟ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଃ૲
૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ຄ૽૲ૹૺଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲૵ଂ૶૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾
૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૵૲຅૸૿૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃ଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼଊૺ૾-
૷૶૳૲૽૵૶଎૲૲ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺຄ
ૹ૳ૺૼૺ૵૲଄૶૾ૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ଀ૺଂ૿૳૶૳ଋૺ຅଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺຝଓ૲-
ଂૺଃଇ૲ଋ૷૲຅ૼଆଂଔଇ૶ଓ૲຅૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲຅૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଈ૲૽૲຅૽૶ଂ଎ଓ૲ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿
૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄຟଆૻ૷૶૽૲ଂ଄ૺଃଋଆ૲ଂૺ଎ଓ૷૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૴૷ૺଏૼૺ૲ଋ૶૷૲૴ଂ૿૷૿ૹງ૽૿-
૽૵૶૷૾૿ૹ૷૶૶૳ଋૺૻૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲ૹ૲ଂૺ଎ଓ૷ૺૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾૽૲଄ଆૼ૿૳ଃ
૵૲຅ଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ଂૺ૷ૺૹଆଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ଂૺ૷ૺૹ૷૲ૼଃ૲૸ଂૺଃૺૹ຅ଊ૷૶ૼ૲૸૶ଆଓ૷૲૵
ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ຄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଃૺ૽଎ૺଂ૶຅଍૷૶ଆૼ૶૳ଂૺ૷຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃଋଆ૲଀૶ଂૺ૿૵ଋૺ
૲ଉૺ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ຄ૴૲૽૿૾૲ૻૼૺଃଃଐ૲ଂ૽૿૲૵૴૶૾ଃଆଓ૷૾૲ૼ૶ଈૺ૲૾ૺ૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺຄ
ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎ଐ૶ଃૺ຅ଊ૷૶ૼ૲૸૶૽૶଄ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲ଐ૷ૺ-
૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૽ૺ૾૵૶૳ૺଃ૽૿૽૵૶૷૾૿૵ଉ૶૶૳ଋૺ૲ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺຄ଍૷૶ଆૼ૶૳ଂૺ૷຅
૴૷૲ૼ૷ૺ૲૾૸૲ଇଓଆૼଃૹଆଐ૷ૺ૽ૺ૲૾ૺଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૿ଖଊ૷૲૵૲ଖ૲૶ଂૺଃ଄૶-
૽଀૶ଂ૲଄ଆଂ૲૽૵૲ૺଐૺ૲຅ଓ૿ૼ૿ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽૸ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૳ૺૼૺ૲૽ૺ૾૵ૺ૵૲૵૴૲຅
ଃ૿ૻ૿૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹ૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ
6 7
૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺ ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲ ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃ ଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ ଊૺ૾૷૶૳૲૽૵૶଎ ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲
ଋ૶૴૷ଓ૷૵૶ଃຝ૽૲૴ຄଋ૲૷଍૿ଓ૲຅ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂ૲຅ଉଂଆ૳૶ૼ૲຅૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲૵૲ଃଓ૷૲ຟຄ
଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶
ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଋ૶૴૷ଓ૷૵૶ଃଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ଐଂૺଆຫ
ૼ૲૵૲૲૲૽૿ଃଆૼૺ຅ଂ૲ଃ૲଎ຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽଆଐ૿૵૶૳૶૾ຄ
૔ૄ૕ૌ૕ૠ૔ૄ૘ૌોૌ૊૔ેૈૅૄ૕૑્૑ຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଃ૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ૹ૳ૺૼૺ
૵૲ଐ૷ૺ૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૵ଉ૶૶૳ૺຝ෺ຫ฀૵ଉ૶ຟຄૺ૽ૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ૹଆଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଃଃଂଆૼ૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૶૳૲ଃ຅ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎ଐ૶ଃૺ຅ොຫฆ
૵ଉ૶ଃ଒ૺଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ૲ଃ૶૷૶຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ଀૶ଂૺ૿૵ଆૼ૿૳૲ຝ૽૿ଃ૷૶૾૶૳ૺଃ
ଇ૲૸૶૳ૺຟ૵૲૶ଂૹૺ૲૾ଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶ଐૼૺଃ૴૲૽૿଄૿૷૶૳ૺૹ૾૲ଊ૿ଇૺ૲૾૿૳૲
ຝଆଓ૷૽૿ଃ૲૷ૼૺ૲૾૿૳૲ຟຄ
૔૑૆૑૔૜ૈૉૄ૆૔૑ૉ૑ો૕૑્૑ຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳ૼ૲૵ଆ૾૵૲૽ૺ૷૲ଈ଎ૺ૿ૹଊଆଂ૲૵ଉ૶૳૲
૽ૺଃଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ଃ૲ຝଃ૲଎ଓ૿૷ଂ૶૳૶ૼ૴૲ଂ૶૽૿ଃຟ૵૲ଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଃຝଃ૲૵૵૲ଂ૲૸૶
ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຟຆ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅
ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶຅૾૲-
ૻ૶ૼ૸૶૵૲૲ຄଋຄ
ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺଃ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅૽ૺଃૺଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ૺଃ଎૿૵૾૲૲ଆ଎ૺ-
ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃଐ૿ଂ૲૵ૺ૵૶૾଄ૺଇૺૻ૲଎ૺૺଃૹ૷ૺଃຄ
ଃ૲ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲຅ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૵૶ଃ૾૿ଂ଍ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ૵૲ଃ૲ଉૺ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆ-
ૼ૶૳ૺຄ૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ଆૼૺຝ૽૲଄ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾຅૽ଐ૶ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾຅૿૳ૺଃ૴૲૾ຟଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଃ૲ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾຅૴૲ଂ૵૲ૺ૽ૺଃ૲຅ଂ૿૽ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૲૵
૴૲૽૿ଆଃ૲૵૶૴૲ଂૺ૲຅ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ଃଓ૷૲૶૴૸૶૽଀ૼ૲ଂ૶૳ૺ଎૵૲૲૸ૺ૲૾૿ଃຄ૲ଂ૲ଃ૲-
ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲଀૲଄૲ଂ૲૸૿૽ૺଃ຅૳૿ૼ૿૽૵૶଍૲૽૿ଆଊ૲ૼૺ૳૶૳૶ૼૺ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶-
ଆૼ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲଎຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾૽૲ૹଔ૶ଂૻૺ૵૶૷૲ଂ૲ଈ૷ૹଃ૲ૹ૲૾૲૵૿૵
ଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଂ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ૺଃૺ૵૶૾଄ૺଇૺૻ૲଎ૺૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଊ૷૶ૼ૲
૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺૹ૶૳૶ૼૺ૾ૺଋ૲૾ૺ຅ଂૺଃ૴૲૽૿଎ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅૴૲଒ૺଂ૵૶ଃଃ૲଒૽૶ૼૺ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ଍૶૷૲૽ૺଃૺଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૿ଂ૶ଆૼૺଃ૴૲૾ຄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଆ૾૵૲૽૿ૺ଒ଂ૲ଃଏૺଂଋૺ૲૾ଐଂૺଆૼૺ૽૿ଏଂ૲૿૳ૺૹ૽૿ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶ଃ
ଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଃຄ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ૺ૵૲૾૵૲ଆ૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૼ૲૵຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽૿଒ଂૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶
૲૽૿ଉ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଓ૵૶૳૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૻ૿૾ૻଂ૶଄ଆૼૺ
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ૺଃଃଂଆૼଇ૲ଃ૿૷૾૲૵૴૲ଂૻ૷૶૷૲຅ଂ૲଎ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇ૶ଓଋૺ૴૲૵૲଒ଂૺଃ૲ଃ
ଂૹଆૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଂ૲ૻૺ૲૽૵ଂ૿ଃ຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ૼ૶૳ૺ
ຝ૷૿ૼ૷૲຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૵૲૳૿ૼ૿૶૳ૺଃଇ૿ଂ૽૲૵૲଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຟૺૻ૲ଂ૴૶૳૲ຄ૵૲ଆ-
ଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲ଂଋ૶૽૿૽ૺଐૺଃ૴૲଍ૺ଍ଈ૾૲૵૲૴૲ૹ૶ૼ૷૲຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾૲૽ૺૹ
૸ૺ૲૾૵૶૳૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ૺຄ૲૽૲૾຅ૹ૲૷ૺଃ૽ଓଂૺ૷຅ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲૴૲૽૿ૺ-
ଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ૲૽଄૶ଂૺ଄૿ଂૺ૲૸૶ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଋ૶૽଎ૺଂ૶૳૲ຄଃ૲ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲຅૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶-
ଆૼ૶૳ૺ૲૵૴ૺૼ૸૶૷૶૴૲ૺଐ૽ૺ૾૵૿ଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾ຝ૽ૺଐ૲຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૶૳ૺ຅
ଐૺଐ૷૶૳ૺ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄຟຄ
૆ૄ૘૔ોૢૌ૎ૈૅૄຆ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଆ૾૵૲ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૵૶ଃૻ૲ૼ૲ૹ૲ଋૺ૲૾ଓૺଃૻ૿૾଄૶ૺ૾૶ଂଋૺຄ
૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲଀૿ૼૺ૶ૹૺૼ૶૾ૺଃ଀૲ଂૻଋૺ຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾
ଃ૿ૻ૿଍૲ଓଆଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲଎ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ૺ૵૲ૺଋૼ૶૳૲຅ଂ૲૽૲଎
૴૲ଂૻ૷૶ଆૼ଀ૺଂ૿૳૶૳ଋૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ૽૶૿ଂ૲૵ૺ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ຄ
૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲ଃ૲૲૷଄૿૽૿૳ૺૼ૿૴૸૶૳ૹ૲૾
૵૲૵૲૳ૺ૾ଏଆଂ૶૳ଆૼ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ૹ૲૾૲ଓૼ૿ଃ຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଃଓ૷૲૿ଂ૴૲-
૾ૺ૸૽૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ૺ૵૲૾຅ଖ૲૶ଂૺ૵૲૾૵૲૽૶ଂଈ૾ૺ૵૲૾
૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹ૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹૺૹ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଃ૽ଏૺ૽૶૽૶଄૲ૼ૶૳ଃຄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૳૶૷ଂଈ૷૶ଊ૲૾૲ଋૺ૴૲ଂ૶૽૿ଃ૵૲૳ૺ૾ଏଆଂ૶૳ૺଃ૳ૺ૿ૺ૾૵ૺૻ૲଄૿ଂ૲૵
ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ຄ૲૽ૺ଄૿૽຅૲ଃ૶ૹ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ଆૼ૽૲ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼ૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૽
ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃຄ
૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ૺ૽ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ଋૺ଎૶଒૷ૺ૴૷૶଀૲ଂ૶૳૲ຄ
ૺ૽ૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ຅ଂ૿૽ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૲૷ૺଂૺ૵૿ૹଃ૿ૻ૿ૹૺ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲຅૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶-
ૼૺ૲຅ଋ૶૷૲૴ଂ૿૷૿ૹ૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵૵૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵଍૷૶૾ૹ૷ૺଃૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૾૲଎૾૿૳ૺ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺຄ
૽଎૵૲ଂૺ૲૽૿ଃ૲ଓૼ૶૿૳૲ଋૺ૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ૽૿ଃ૲૸ଂ૶૳૶૳ૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૿ଃຆ
࢒ ఐడఉకఉఆ఍ఐణఒఏఒఈఎఅకఇఖఒఎఒఉఆఖఉగఅ఑ఉఆ఍అ఑ຆ
࢒ ఝణఅఐ఍అ఑ఖఒఎఒఉఆఖటఘఈ఍ఖఘ఑఍అచఊఌຆ
࢒ ఝణఅఐ఍అ఑఍ ఖఒఎఒఖ ఑అణఅకఝఝ఍ ణఅణఊ఍ ఐడఊఅ఑ఈఉఆఅຄ ణఒఏఒ ఊఉకటణఏ఍ఖ
ఎఒఊఋ఍ຬఝఅఊఈఉఆఅ຃
૶ଃ૵૲ଃଓ૷૲૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺຼ૿ଂૺ૶૾଄ૺଂ૶૳ૺຽ຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૲૵૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳ૺଃ
ૹ૷૲ૼଃ૲૸ଂૺଃૺૹ຅૴૲ଆ૽૲ଂૹૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૵૲ଃ૲ଓૺଇ૲ૹ૿૲ຄ
8 9
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ଆૼૺଊଆଂ૲૵ଉ૶૳૲ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳ૺଃ૿ૻ૿-
૶૳ૺଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾૿ଂ૶ଆૼ૶૳ଃଆ૾૵૲૽ૺ૷૲ଈ଎ૺ૿ૹ૵૲຅૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
૲଎ૺૼ૶૳ૺଃ૽ૺ૸૾ૺૹ຅ૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃ૽૲ૹૺ૴૲૾૽૲ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳૶ૼૺ
૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺຄ
૔૑૆૑૔ૌૄ૜ૢૄ૏ૌૄૐૌ૕૑્૑ຌ
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾૲૵૽ૺૺ଍૾૶૷૲ଊ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ଄૿ଈଃૺૻଆଂ
૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૲ଃ૵૲ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ଃຄ
૲ଂଃ૶૳૿૳ଃ຅଀ૺଂ૿૳ૺૹ૲૵ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૲ଃ૶૷૶ଋ૶ૺ଎૲-
૷૶૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻଆଂ຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽૲ଂ૲૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳૶ૼ૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ଃຄ૲ଃ૶ૹૺ
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ଆ૷૾૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴຅
ૻ૶ଂଏ૿૵຅ଃ૲଒ૺଂ૿૲ଐଊ૲ૼଋૺ૽૲ૹૺଐ૲૽૿૵ଆଉ૶૳૲ොැຫ෢ැଐଆૹૺଃ૽૲૾ଏૺૼ૸૶຅
૾૲ଓ૲ଂଋૺଃ૴૲૵૲ଉ૷ଂ૲૵૲ૻ૶ଂଏૺଃ૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵૲૽ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૴૿૽૽૿૽૸૲૵૶-
૳૲ຄ૲ଉଃ૲૾ૺଋ૾૲૷ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳૲ଃ૲ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲ଊ૷૶ૼ૲
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૲ૹ૷ૺଃ຅ଂ૲ૹ૲ૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺૺଃଂૺଃૻૺ૽ૺ૾ૺ૽ଆ૽૲૽૵૶
ଋ૶૽଎ૺଂ૵૶ଃຄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ଋૺଋ૶૽૲૷૲ૼଋଓ૲૽૶૳ଃ຅଀ૺଂ૿૳ૺૹ૲૵຅ଃ૲૽ଔ૴ଆଇ૲૵ଊ૿ଇ૶૾ຆ
଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼૺଔ૴ଆଇૺଃຝૼ૿ૻ૲ૼଆଂૺ૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳ૺଃຟଋଓ૲૽૶૳ૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଃ૲-
଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૵૲૽૲ૹૺ૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳૲
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ොຫ෢ଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ຄ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૲ଉ૶૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂଏ૾૶૳૲຅ଉ૶-
૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶૵૲ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺຄ૲ଃ૶ૹૺ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲
ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૲ଂ૲ଃ૲ૹ૲૾૲૵૿ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽ૺଉ૶-
૳૲૽૲଎ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃຄ
૽૶૿ଂ૶ଔ૴ଆଇૺଃଋଓ૲૽૶૳ૺ૾૶ଂ૷ଆૼ଎૶૾଄ଂ૶૳૸૶૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳ଃຄ૲ଃ૶ૹଋଓ૲-
૽૶૳ଃଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷૶૾଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ຝAmanita muscariaຟ຅ૹ૲૷଒૶૵ૺૼ૲ຝAmanita
panterinaຟ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺ૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ෨ැຫ෮ැଐଆૹૺଃ຅
ଓ૿ૼ૿૸૿૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺොຄ෺ຫ෢ଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ຄ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૲ଉ૶૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅଒૲ଂ૳ૺ૿ଇૼ૵૶૾૲຅
ଖ૲ૼଆ଎ૺ૾૲଎ૺ૶૳ૺ຅૽૶଄ଊ૷૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃ຅ଃ૽૶૾ૺଃ૲૵૲૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૵ଂ૿૶૳ૺૹૺ
૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅૴૲૾ଐଊ૿૳ૺଃ૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺ଎૷૲ૼ૶૳૲૵૿૳૲຅૶ૺଇ૿ଂૺ૲຅૽૿ଏଂ૲૿૳ૺଃ
ૻ૿૿ଂ૵ૺ૾૲଎ૺૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲૵૲૴૿૾૶૳ૺଃ૵૲ૻ૲ଂ૴૷૲ຄ
૽૶ଃ૲૽૶ଔ૴ଆଇૺଃଋଓ૲૽૶૳ૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵
૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳૶૾૲૵૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ଂ૴૲૾ૺ૸૽૸૶ຄ૲ଃ૶ૹૺଋଓ૲૽૶૳ૺଃ૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳૲ฌຫ෮ฌ
ଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ຄૻଆ଒ଋૺ૽૿ଓ૷૶૵ଂૺૼૺଋଓ૲૽૶૳ૺૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૲ଂ
ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଋ૶ଃ૲૽଍૾૶૷૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ଃງ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺଋ૶ૺ૽଍૾૶૷૲૽૲ଋૺ૾຅
ଂ૿૵૶ଃ૲଎ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૽ૺ૲ଉଐ૶૷ଃ଄૷ૺ૾૲૽૵૶૵૲଎૲ૼૻ૶ଆૼ૿ଂ૴૲૾૿ૹ૲ଇଆ૾ଈ଎ૺ-
૶૳ૺଃ૽૲ଂ૶૴ଆૼૺଂ૶૳૶ૼ૾૶ଂ૷ଆૼ଎૶૾଄ଂ૶૳૸૶ૺଐଊ૶૳ଃ૸૶૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳૲ଃຄ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૲ଉ૶૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ૹ૲૷ૺଃ૲૵૲૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ
଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶຅ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ૻଂଆ૾଍ଓ૷૶-
૳ૺ຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૵૲ଆ૿ૻ૶૳૶ૼૺଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺຄଃ૲૽ૺ૵ଉૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴
૵૲૸૲ଂ૲ૼ૶૳ଆૼଃ૶ଐଊ૶૳૲૽૿଍૷૶૾૶૳ૺૹૺଆૻ૶ૹ૶ଃ૿૳૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ଃૺ૾૲૽૵૷ૺ-
ૼ૶ଋૺૺ૾଄૶૾ଃૺଆଂ૲૵૽ૺ૽૵ૺ૾૲ଂ૶૿૳ଃଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૵૲ଋૼ૲૵૲ଃ૲૳૿ૼ૿૿
ଋ૶૵૶૴ૺૼ૶଄૲ૼଆଂૺ૲ຄ
૲ଃ૶ૹ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ଃૺଐ૷૶૷ଃຆଋଓ૲૽૲ຝAmanita phaloidesຟ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺଋଓ૲-
૽૲ຝAmanita virosaຟ຅૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃଋଓ૲૽૲ຝAmanita vernaຟ຅૴૷૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃ
Cortinariusຫૺଃ຅Inocybeຫଃ૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺଐ૲ଂ૽૿૽૵૴૶૾૶ૼૺ૵૲ଃଓ૷૲ຟ
૕૑્૑ોૌેૄૄ૎્૑૤૑૎ૌોૌૐ૖૑૙૕ૌ્ૄ૞ૌૄ
૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺଃ૿ૻ૿຅૽૲૴૲ૼૺૹ૲૵຅ଃૺૼૺ૿ຝCoprinopsis atramentariaຟ຅૽૴ૼૺଃ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ຝCoprinellus micaceusຟ૵૲ଃଓ૷૲຅૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૹ૲૾૶ଂૹ૲૵૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ຅
૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ଃૺଐ૷૶૷ଃຄଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૻ૶ଂଏૹ૲૾૶ଂૹ૲૵૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૺଃ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ
ଂ૶૲ଈ଎ૺ૲૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ෢ැຫ෮ැଐଆૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ຄ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૲ଉ૶૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ଃ૲ଓૺଃଃૺଐૺૹૼ૶຅଎ଓ૷ૺଂૺଃଐ૷૶-
ଂૺଃ૲૵૲ଊଆଂૺଃ૳ૺ૳ૺૼ૿૶૳ૺଃ૴૲ଆଇ૶ଂଆૼ૶૳૲຅ଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଃ଄૶૽଀૶ଂ૲଄ଆଂૺଃ
૽૿૽૲଄૶૳૲຅ଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ૴ଂଏ૾૿૳૲຅૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷૲૵૲ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲-
ૹૺ຅૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૽૲ଔૺଃ଎૶૽૲຅ૼ૲଀૲ଂ૲ૻૺଃ૴૲ଏ૾૶ૼ૶૳૲຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ
૵૲ଈ૷૶ૺૹ૶૳૲ຄ૴૲ଂૻ૷૶ଆૼૺଓ૾ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଊ૷૶ૼ૲૶ଃଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽ૺ૴૲ૺ૷ૼૺଃ຅
૽૲૴ଂ૲૽૽૶૿ଂ૶૵ଉ૶ଃ૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૺଃૻ૷ૼ૲૷૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅૽૿-
ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺ૴૲૾૽૶૿ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ૹૺ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ଊ૷૶ૼ૲૸૶ଃ૲ଓૺଇ૲ૹ૿૲૳૲૷ଋ૷૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽૿ଓଆ଎૶૳ଋૺ຅
ଂ૿૽૶ૼૹ૲ଋ૿ଂૺଃଃ૲ଃૺૻ૷૵ૺૼ૿ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ૹ૲଀ଂ૿଎૶૾଄ଆૼૺଂ૲૿૵૶-
૾૿૳૲ଊ૷૶ૼ૲૸૶૽૲ଉ૲ૼૺ૲ຄ฀ଐૼ૲૽૵૶૲ଃ૲ૻૺଃ૳૲૷ଋ૷૶૳ଋૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૽ૺଉ૶૳૲
ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿૵૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ
૔ૄ૏૑ૉૌ૏૑૙૏ૈે૑ો૕૑્૑ોૌ૏૑ૠૄ૏ૉ૎ૌ૕
૜ૈ૏ોૢૉૈૉૄ૜ૌຌ
૾૶૳ૺଃ૽ૺ૶ଂૺ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲૴૲૵૲ଆ૵૶૳૶ૼૺ
ଃ૲૽૶૵ૺ଎ૺ૾૿૵૲ଓ૽૲ଂ૶૳૲ຄ૶ଈૺ૽ૺଃ૽૿ଃ૷ૼ૲૽૵૶຅ଃ૲ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲຅૴૲૽૿ૺ-
ଐ૷ૺ૿ૹ଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲ຄ
૲ଂ૲૷ૺૹ૲ଂଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ૲ଂ૽ૺૺଉ૿ૹ૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૺຄ૶ଃଓ૶ૼଃଋ૶ଆଐଊ૿૳ଃ
ଋଓ૲૽૶૳ૺଃଃૺଃଓૼଋૺଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵૽૿ଓ૷૶૵ଂ૲ଃ຅ଂ૲଎૽૵૴૿૽૲ଂ૶૿૳ૺଃૻૺ૵૶૷
ଆଇଂ૿૵૲૽ଏૺ૽૶૳૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃຄ
ଃ૲ଃଆଂ૷૶ૼૺ૲૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳ଆૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ຅૽ૺଂૹ૽૶ଆૼૺૻ૶ଂଏૺଃ૲૾ૻଆ଒ૺ૵૲૾
૲૽૿ଉ૶૳ଆૼૺ૽૲ଃૺଃଋ૶૾૲ଓ૷૲຅ଂ૲ૹ૲૽ૺଃૺ૲૾૲ૼૺ૸ૺଃଋ૶૵૶૴૲૵૵૲૵૴ૺ-
૾૵૶ଃ຅ૹଆଂ૿૽૶ૼૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿૽૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૲૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ຄଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳ૺଃ૵૲૵૴૶૾૲ଃ૴૲૵૲૽ଐଊ૷૶଄ૺ૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶ૼ૿૳૲૲ଈ૷ଃଃ૲ૹ૲૾૲૵૿
૵૲ଓ૽૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଉ૽૿ଃ૲଍૶૾૲૵ຄ
ଃૺ૽૳૿ૼ૿૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾૽૲ଂ଄૶૳૲
ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૲૵૷૲ଂ૴ૺଃૺ૲
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲

ଃ૲ଃૺૻ૷૵ૺૼ૿૵૽૿૽ଐ૲૽ૼ૲૷ૺ૲
૔ૄ૆ૄૐ૕ૄ૊૚ૉ૔ૄૉ૕૕૑્૑ોૌ૏૑ૠૄ૏ૉ૎ૌ૕ૢૄ૔ૌ૕ૢ૕ຌ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ૹૺ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃଃૺ૽ଏૺ૽ૺଃଓ૲ଂૺଃଓૺଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶ଇ૲ଈ଄૿ଂ૸૶૲૵૲૽૿-
ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄૻ૶ଂଏ૿૵຅૵ૺ૵ૺ૽૾ૺଋ૷૾૶ૼ૿૳૲૲ଈ૷ଃ૽ૺଉ૶૳ଆૼૺଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ ૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૲૵૷૲ଂ૴ૺଃૺ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳૲ଃ຅૲૵૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૲ଃ૲ૻଃ຅૽ૺଃૺଔ૲૾૽ଂૹ૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૸૿૴૲૵
૽૵૴૿૽૲ଂ૶૿૳૲ଃ຅ૺ૽૲ଃ຅ૹଆଂ૲ଃ૲ଓૺૹ଒૲૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຝ૾૶૵ૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଊ૿૷૶ૼ-
ૹ૷ૺଃଆଇଂ૿ଃ૲ଓૺଇ૲ૹ૿૲຅૷ૺ૵ଂ૶ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼ૲૵૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺຟຄ

10 11
ఖఒఎఒఖఅఇఉఆఘఏఉఆఅ
చఘఈ఍
ఖఅఉకఌఒఖఅఆఘకఊఉఏ఍ఖ
఑అకఞఉ఑ఉఆ఍

ఎఉకఠఒఖఅఆఘకఊఉఏ఍
ఙ఍కఙ఍గఉఆ఍

ఖఅజఉఏఒ
(კერძო საბურველის
ნარჩენები)

ఙఉణ఍

ఖఅఉకఌఒఖఅఆఘకఊఉఏ఍

ఊఒఏఊఅ
(საერთო საბურველის
ნარჩენები)

12 13
 చఘఈ఍ఖఙఒకఐఅ చఘఈ఍ఖఎ఍ఈఉ

ఖడఒక఍ గఅఏఛఒఊఅ఑఍
అఐఒఋ఑ఉచ఍ఏ఍ ఑అణఉఊఅకఖఙఉకఒఖఉఆక఍

ఆఒకటఊఅఎ఍ఌ ఞఅఢజఏఉగ఍ఏ఍
ఝఉఎఉట఍ఏ఍ ఈఅఛఅకఘఏສఋఒఏ఍అ఑఍

ఠఅఆక఍ఖఉఆక఍ ఎఒ఑ఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఍

14 15
 ఙ఍కఙ఍గఉఆ఍ఖ
ఙఉణ఍ఖఙఒకఐఅ ఇఅ఑ఏఅఇఉఆఅఙఉణఌఅ఑

ఌఅఊ఍ఖఘఙఅఏ఍

ట఍ఏ఍఑ఈకఘఏ఍ ఇఘకఋ఍ఖఉఆక఍

ఈఅఛఐఅఊఅఏ఍

ఆఒఏచఊ఍ఖఉఆక఍ ఇఅఐఒఆఉక఍ఏ఍

ఝఉఋకఈ఍ఏ఍

ఙఉఖఊ఍ఖఉఆక఍

ఝఉఋకఈ఍ఏ఍ఎఆ఍ఏ఍ఌ

16 17
 ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଃ૲ଏૺ૶૳૶ૼૺ
ఒతఅణఉఆ఍ఖఐ఍ణఉఈఊ఍ఌ
ʌƊɄȭ˦ƊɄʚŚ
଍૲૾ૹૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ
9ǶʌƊǶȳŚƊƩŚƩ
ఈ఍ఖట఍఑అఖఉఆక఑఍
ො຃ 5ǰʀƇǰȫřřȫƇǰȓǰʀ
෢຃ c˘ɰȻȥǰʍɰřƥʀƇʢȓƥȫʍř
෨຃ c˘ɰȻȥǰʍɰřǒǰǒřʀ
Helvellaceae
థఉఏఊఉఏఅఖఉఆక఑఍
෮຃ nƥȓˋƥȓȓřȓřƇʢȫȻʀř
Morchellaceae
ణఅక఍ఖఙఅఝఊఅఖఉఆక఑఍
෺຃ ȻɰƇǥƥȓȓřƥʀƇʢȓƥȫʍř
Sarcoscyphaceae
ఖఅకఎఒఖట఍ఙఅఖఉఆక఑఍
฀຃ éřɰƇȻʀƇ˘ɦǥřƇȻƇƇǰȫƥř
Tuberaceae
గకఘఙఉఏ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฆ຃ ôʢŽƥɰřƥʀʍǰˋʢȥ
Basidiomycota
૳૲૸ૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺ
Agaricaceae
చఅఐఅఖఉఆక఑఍
ฌ຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀřŽɰʢɦʍǰŽʢȓŽʢʀ
ฒ຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀřɰˋƥȫʀǰʀ
ොැ຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀřʢǒʢʀʍʢʀ
ොො຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀŽǰʍȻɰɬʢǰʀ
ො෢຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀƇřȥɦƥʀʍɰǰʀ
ො෨຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀɦȓřƇȻȥ˘Ƈƥʀ
ො෮຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀʀ˘ȓˋǰƇȻȓř
ො෺຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀʀ˘ȓˋřʍǰƇʢʀ
ො฀຃ ǒřɰǰƇʢʀ˗řȫʍǥȻƒƥɰȥʢʀ
ොฆ຃ %ȻˋǰʀʍřɦȓʢȥŽƥř
ොฌ຃ ,řȓˋřʍǰřǒǰǒřȫʍƥř
ොฒ຃ ,ǥȓȻɰȻɦǥ˘ȓȓʢȥɰǥřƇȻƒƥʀ
෢ැ຃ ,ȻɦɰǰȫʢʀƇȻȥřʍʢʀ
෢ො຃ DƇǥǰȫȻƒƥɰȥřřʀɦƥɰʢȥ
෢෢຃ ‘ƥɦǰȻʍřŽɰʢȫȫƥȻǰȫƇřɰȫřʍř
෢෨຃ ‘ƥɦǰȻʍřƇɰǰʀʍřʍř
෢෮຃ ‘˘ƇȻɦƥɰƒȻȫɦƥɰȓřʍʢȥ
෢෺຃ řƇɰȻȓƥɦǰȻʍřɦɰȻƇƥɰř
Amanitaceae
అఐఅ఑఍గఅఖఉఆక఑఍
෢฀຃ ȥřȫǰʍřƇřƥʀřɰƥř
෢ฆ຃ ȥřȫǰʍřƇƥƇǰȓǰřƥ
෢ฌ຃ ȥřȫǰʍřƇǰʍɰǰȫř
෢ฒ຃ ȥřȫǰʍřƇɰȻƇƥř
෨ැ຃ ȥřȫǰʍřǍʢȓˋř
෨ො຃ ȥřȫǰʍřǒƥȥȥřʍř
෨෢຃ ȥřȫǰʍřȥʢʀƇřɰǰř
෨෨຃ ȥřȫǰʍřȻˋȻǰƒƥř
෨෮຃ ȥřȫǰʍřɦřȫʍǥƥɰǰȫř
෨෺຃ ȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀ
෨฀຃ ȥřȫǰʍřɰʢŽƥʀƇƥȫʀ
෨ฆ຃ ȥřȫǰʍřˋřǒǰȫřʍř
෨ฌ຃ ȥřȫǰʍřˋƥɰȫř
Auriculariaceae
అఘక఍ఎఘఏఅక఍అఖఉఆక఑఍
෨ฒຄ Auricularia auricula-judae
18
Bankeraceae Fistulinaceae
ఆఅ఑ఎఉకఅఖఉఆక఑఍ ఛఊ఍ఠఏఅఖఒఎఒఖఉఆక఑఍
෮ැຄ Sarcodon imbricatus ฀ැຄ Fistulina hepatica
Boletaceae Fomitopsidaceae
ఆఒఏఉగఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍ ఙఒఐ఍గఒఙఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
෮ොຄ Boletus edulis ฀ොຄ Fomitopsis betulina
෮෢ຄ Imleria badia
෮෨ຄ ‘ƥƇƇǰȫƥȓȓʢȥƇɰȻƇǰɦȻƒǰʢȥ Gloeophyllaceae
෮෮ຄ ‘ƥƇƇǰȫƥȓȓʢȥǒɰǰʀƥʢȥ ఇఏఒఉఒఙ఍ఏఅఖఉఆక఑఍
෮෺ຄ ‘ƥƇƇǰȫʢȥřʢɰřȫʍǰřƇʢȥ ฀෢ຄ Neolentinus lepideus
෮฀ຄ ‘ƥƇƇǰȫʢȥʀƇřŽɰʢȥ
෮ฆຄ Neoboletus erythropus Gomphaceae
෮ฌຄ Rubroboletus satanas ఠఅకఛఊఅఖఒఎఒఖఉఆక఑఍
෮ฒຄ Suillellus luridus ฀෨ຄ cȻȥɦǥʢʀƇȓřˋřʍʢʀ
෺ැຄ ô˘ȓȻɦǰȓʢʀǍƥȓȓƥʢʀ ฀෮ຄ àřȥřɰǰř̄řˋř
෺ොຄ Xerocomellus chrysenteron ฀෺ຄ àřȥřɰǰřǍȻɰȥȻʀř
෺෢ຄ Xerocomus subtomentosus
Gomphidiaceae
Cantharellaceae ఏఒకడఒఊఅ఑అఖఉఆక఑఍
ఐ఍చఏ఍ఒఖఉఆక఑఍ ฀฀ຄ ,ǥɰȻȻǒȻȥɦǥʢʀɰʢʍǰȓʢʀ
෺෨ຄ Cantharellus cibarius ฀ฆຄ cȻȥɦǥǰƒǰʢʀǒȓʢʍǰȫȻʀʢʀ
෺෮ຄ Craterellus cornucopioides
෺෺ຄ ,ɰřʍƥɰƥȓȓʢʀʍʢŽřƥǍȻɰȥǰʀ Hericiaceae
ఆఅడఅకఅఖఉఆక఑఍
Clavariadelphaceae ฀ฌຄ nƥɰǰƇǰʢȥƇǰɰɰǥřʍʢȥ
ఎఏఅఊఅక఍అఈఉఏఙఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍ ฀ฒຄ nƥɰǰƇǰʢȥƇȻɰřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀ
෺฀ຄ Clavariadelphus truncatus ฆැຄ nƥɰǰƇǰʢȥƥɰǰȫřƇƥʢʀ
ฆොຄ nƥɰǰƇǰʢȥ̄řǒƥȓȓʢȥ
Cortinariaceae
ఎఒకగ఍఑అక఍ఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍ Hydnaceae
෺ฆຄ Cortinarius callisteus థ఍ఈ఑ఘఐ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฆ෢ຄ n˘ƒȫʢȥɰƥɦřȫƒʢȥ
Entolomataceae
ఉ఑గఒఏఒఐఅఖఉఆక఑఍ Hydnangiaceae
෺ฌຄ Clitopilusprunulus థ఍ఈ఑అ఑ఇ఍ఘఐ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
෺ฒຄ DȫʍȻȓȻȥřʀǰȫʢřʍʢȥ ฆ෨ຄ ‘řƇƇřɰǰřlaccata
19
Hygrophoraceae
థ఍ఇకఒఙఒకఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฆ෮ຄ Ampulloclitocybe clavipes
ฆ෺ຄ n˘ǒɰȻƇ˘ŽƥƇȻƇƇǰȫƥř
ฆ฀ຄ n˘ǒɰȻƇ˘ŽƥƇȻȫǰƇř
ฆฆຄ n˘ǒɰȻɦǥȻɰʢʀɰʢʀʀʢȓř
Hygrophoropsidaceae
థ఍ఇకఒఙఒకఒఙఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฆฌຄ n˘ǒɰȻɦǥȻɰȻɦʀǰʀřʢɰřȫʍǰřƇř
Hymenogastraceae
థ఍ఐఉ఑ఒఇఅఖగఉక఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฆฒຄ cřȓƥɰǰȫřȥřɰǒǰȫřʍř
ฌැຄ nƥŽƥȓȻȥřƇɰʢʀʍʢȓǰȫǰǍȻɰȥƥ
Inocybaceae
ఆఒఢఎఒఊఅ఑అఖఉఆక఑఍
ฌොຄ Inocybe erubescens
ฌ෢ຄ vȫȻƇ˘ŽƥǒƥȻɦǥ˘ȓȓř
ฌ෨ຄ Inocybe rimosa
Lyophyllaceae
ఏ఍ఒఙ఍ఏఘఐ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฌ෮ຄ ,řȓȻƇ˘ŽƥǒřȥŽȻʀř
ฌ෺ຄ ‘˘Ȼɦǥ˘ȓȓʢȥƒƥƇřʀʍƥʀ
Marasmiaceae
ఐఅకఅఖఐ఍ఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฌ฀ຄ řɰřʀȥǰʢʀƇȻȓȓǰȫʢʀ
ฌฆຄ řɰřʀȥǰʢʀȻɰƥřƒƥʀ
ฌฌຄ ˘ƇƥʍǰȫǰʀřȓȓǰřƇƥʢʀ
ฌฒຄ ˘ƇƥʍǰȫǰʀʀƇȻɰȻƒȻȫǰʢʀ
Meripilaceae
ఐఉక఍ఓ఍ఏఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฒැຄ cɰǰǍȻȓřǍɰȻȫƒȻʀř
ฒොຄ ƥɰǰɦǰȓʢʀǒǰǒřȫʍƥʢʀ
Omphalotaceae
ఒఐఙఅఏఒగఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฒ෢ຄ c˘ȥȫȻɦʢʀƒɰ˘Ȼɦǥǰȓʢʀ
ฒ෨ຄ c˘ȥȫȻɦʢʀǍʢʀǰɦƥʀ
Paxillaceae
ఓఅచఖ఍ఏఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฒ෮ຄ c˘ɰȻƒȻȫȓǰˋǰƒʢʀ
ฒ෺ຄ Ùř˗ǰȓȓʢʀǰȫˋȻȓʢʍʢʀ
Phallaceae
చఊఉజ఑఍ఖఇఘఏ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ฒ฀ຄ Phallus impudicus
Physalacriaceae
ఙ఍ఋఅఏఅఎక఍అఖఉఆక఑఍
ฒฆຄ Armillaria mellea
ฒฌຄ 5ƥʀřɰȥǰȓȓřɰǰřʍřŽƥʀƇƥȫʀ
ฒฒຄ Flammulina velutipes
Pleurotaceae
ణఉఌఅఐణఅఏ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ොැැຄPleurotus cornucopiae
ොැොຄ ÙȓƥʢɰȻʍʢʀƥɰ˘ȫǒǰǰ
ොැ෢ຄPleurotus ostreatus
Pluteaceae
ఓఏఘగఉఘఖ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ොැ෨ຄVolvariella bombycina
Polyporaceae
అఆఉఈ఍ఖఉఆక఑఍
ොැ෮ຄ,ƥɰǰȻɦȻɰʢʀʀɬʢřȥȻʀʢʀ
ොැ෺ຄ`ȻȥƥʀǍȻȥƥȫʍřɰǰʢʀ
ොැ฀ຄ‘řƥʍǰɦȻɰʢʀʀʢȓɦǥʢɰƥʢʀ
ොැฆຄ Panus rudis
20
Psathyrellaceae
ఙఖఅగ఍కఉఏఅఖఉఆక఑఍
ොැฌຄCoprinellus micaceus
ොැฒຄCoprinopsis atramentaria
Russulaceae
ణకఅఝఘ఑అఖఒఎఒఖఉఆక఑఍
ොොැຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀřʢɰřȫʍǰřƇʢʀ
ොොොຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀƒƥȓǰƇǰȻʀʢʀ
ොො෢ຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀ̄ƥ˗ʢȻʀʢʀ
ොො෨ຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀɦǰɦƥɰřʍʢʀ
ොො෮ຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀʀƇɰȻŽǰƇʢȓřʍʢʀ
ොො෺ຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀʍȻɰȥǰȫȻʀʢʀ
ොො฀ຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀˋƥȓȓƥɰƥʢʀ
ොොฆຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀˋȻȓƥȥʢʀ
ොොฌຄ ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀˤȻȫřɰǰʢʀ
ොොฒຄ Russula adusta
ො෢ැຄàʢʀʀʢȓřřƥɰʢǒǰȫƥř
ො෢ොຄ Russula aurea
ො෢෢ຄàʢʀʀʢȓřƇ˘řȫȻ˗řȫʍǥř
ො෢෨ຄRussula delica
ො෢෮ຄRussula emetica
ො෢෺ຄàʢʀʀʢȓřǍȻƥʍƥȫʀ
ො෢฀ຄàʢʀʀʢȓřɰǰʀǰǒřȓȓǰȫř
ො෢ฆຄ Russula rosea
ො෢ฌຄRussula virescens
Sclerodermataceae
టకఘఇఘఈఅఙఝఘఎఅఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෢ฒຄ ÙǰʀȻȓǰʍǥʢʀřɰǥǰˤʢʀ
ො෨ැຄScleroderma citrinum
ො෨ොຄ Scleroderma verrucosum
Sparassidaceae
ఛఅఔఅఔఒఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෨෢ຄSparassis crispa
21
Strophariaceae
ఖగకఒఙఅక఍అఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෨෨ຄn˘ɦǥȻȓȻȥřǍřʀƇǰƇʢȓřɰƥ
ො෨෮ຄn˘ɦǥȻȓȻȥřȓřʍƥɰǰʍǰʢȥ
ො෨෺ຄKuehneromyces mutabilis
Suillaceae
ఈఘఐఅఖఒఎఒఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෨฀ຄéʢǰȓȓʢʀǒɰřȫʢȓřʍʢʀ
ො෨ฆຄ Suillus luteus
Tapinellaceae
గఅఓ఍఑ఉఏఅఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෨ฌຄôřɦǰȫƥȓȓřřʍɰȻʍȻȥƥȫʍȻʀř
Tremellaceae
గకఉఐఉఏఅఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෨ฒຄ ôɰƥȥƥȓȓřȥƥʀƥȫʍƥɰǰƇř
Tricholomataceae
గక఍చఒఏఒఐఅఖఉఆక఑఍
ො෮ැຄClitocybe nebularis
ො෮ොຄ Clitocybe odora
ො෮෢ຄClitocybe phyllophila
ො෮෨ຄvȫǍʢȫƒǰŽʢȓǰƇ˘ŽƥǒƥȻʍɰȻɦř
ො෮෮ຄvȫǍʢȫƒǰŽʢȓǰƇ˘ŽƥǒǰŽŽř
ො෮෺ຄ‘ƥɦǰʀʍřȫʢƒř
ො෮฀ຄ‘ƥɦǰʀʍřɦƥɰʀȻȫřʍř
ො෮ฆຄ ‘ƥɦǰʀʍřʀȻɰƒǰƒř
ො෮ฌຄôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřɦȻɰʍƥȫʍȻʀʢȥ
ො෮ฒຄôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřʍƥɰɰƥʢȥ
ො෺ැຄôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřˋǰɰǒřʍʢȥ
 DISCINACEAE
23

૘ૌૡૉૌ૕ેૌ૕૞ૌૐૄ
Pig’s Ears
Discina ancilis

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺ ຯ ૵ૺଃૻ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૹ૶ଇଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅

૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅ ෺ຫොฆ ଃ૽ຄ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅ ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ ຯ ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾ ຯ
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଏૺଂଋૺ଀૲଄૲ଂ૲຅ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃଇ૶ଓૺૹ૲૾૽ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ຫଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅
ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଃ૲૽ૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෢෮ຫ෨ැ
˥ො෨ຫො෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼ૸૶૵૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૶૶૳ૺଃ
ຝଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇૺ଒૷ૺଃຟଓଂଐ૾૲૵૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶૵૲૽ૺଃ૲ଓૼ૿ଃຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

22 23
 DISCINACEAE

ૐૄ૑ૡૄ૕૑્૑
False Morel
Gyromitra esculenta

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫො෢˥෮ຫฌଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅଄૷ૺ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଊૺଇ૶຅଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૾૲ଐૺૼ૿૳ଂૺ૷ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฒ˥ොຫ෨ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷૵૲૾૲૿-
଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿ଂૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງොฒຫ෢෺˥ොැຫො෨
૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼ૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺ຅૽ૹૺ૲૾૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳ૺૼૺૻ૶૳ૹ૲૾຅
૾૲ଓ૲૾ଏଂ૲ૼ૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ଄૿ଈଃૺૻଆଂ૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૲ଃ຅૴ૺଂ૿૽ૺ-
଄ଂૺ૾ଃ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂ૲଎ૺ૲૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼଋૺ૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺ૲
૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଂ૶૲ૼૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ຅ଋ૶ଃ૲૳૲૽ૺଃ૲૵຅૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺ૲
ૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺૺଃଓ૲ଂૺଃଓૺ଎૽ଃଆ૳ଆଈૺૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺૺ૵૲૾ૼ૶଄૲ૼଆଂ
ଋ૶૵૶૴૲૽૵૶ຄ૴ૺଂ૿૽ૺ଄ଂૺ૾ૺଆ૲ଂଊ૿ଇૺૹ૲૵૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳ଃ૷૶૴૶଄૲଄ૺଆଂ
૾૶ଂ૷ଆૼଃૺଃ଄૶૽૲ଃ૲૵૲ଉ૷ૺଏૼ૸૶ຄ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૲ଉ૶૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ຆ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ
ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷૳-
ଂଆଃଓ૷૶૷૲຅ૻ૿૿ଂ૵ૺ૾૲଎ૺૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ଂૹଆૼଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺຯૻ૿૽૲૵૲
ଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૽ଐ૷૲૷૶ଆૻ૽૲ଂૺଃ૿૳૲ຄ

24 25
 DISCINACEAE

૆ૌ૆ૄૐ૖૗૔ૌૐૄ૑ૡૄ૕૑્૑
Giant’s False Morel
Gyromitra gigas

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ฌຫ෢ැ ˥ ෮ຫො෺ ଃ૽ຄ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ

૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼຫ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅
଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫොැ˥෢ຫ฀ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽૿ૻૼ૶຅
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଆଇ૿ଂ૽૿຅૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵଍૲ଇૼଆૼૺଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଋૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿ଂૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෢฀ຫ෮ැ˥ොොຫො෺
૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺຫ
૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼ૸૶຅ଓ૶૶૳ૺଃ૵૲૽଀૲ૼ຅ଓଂଐ૾૲૵૽૶ଂଈ૲૾ଃ૲
૵૲૽૲ૹ૲ଓૼ૿ଃ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ଄૿ଈଃૺૻଆଂ૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૲ଃ຅૴ૺଂ૿૽ૺ-
଄ଂૺ૾ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૴ૺ૴૲૾଄ଆଂૺ૾૲૿଒૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૷ૺ૸ଆ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾
ଖ૴૲૷ଃ૾૲૿଒૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃຜc˘ɰȻȥǰʍɰřƥʀƇʢȓƥȫʍřຝຄ૽૲ૹଋ૿ଂૺଃ૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳૲
૸૿૽૲ଋૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎૲ଂଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૵૲૷૶ଊଂ૵૾૿ૹຄଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵ૻૺ຅
૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳ૺ૲૾ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹຄ

26 27
 HELVELLACEAE

૗ૐૄ૆ૌ૔ૄ૕૑્૑
Elfin Saddle
Helvella lacunosa

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෢ຫොැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫૼ૶૴૲຅ ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ

૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ଂଆଓૺຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ଈ૷૶૵૲ ૽ଓଂૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ଆଇଂ૿ ଉૺ૲
ଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼຫ૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ
଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅ଆ૾૲૴ૺଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲૾૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૴ૼଆ૷ૺଈ૷૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵຅
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ෢ຫොැ ˥ ොຫ෨ ଃ૽ຄ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫૼ૶૴૲຅૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅
ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷ ૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼຫ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅
ૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૶ଂૹૺ૵ૺ૵ૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺ
ଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງො෺ຫ෢ැ˥ොැຫො෨૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଈଆ૵૶૳ૺ෢෺ຫ෨ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲-
૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃຯଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴
ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଆ૾૲૴ૺଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૷ૺ૸ଆ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ଖ૴૲૷ଃଓଆ଒ଆ-
଒૲ଆ૾૲૴ૺଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃຜnƥȓˋƥȓȓřƇɰǰʀɦřຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎຅ଆ૾૲૴ૺଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾-
ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲ຄ

28 29
 MORCHELLACEAE

ૢૄ૔ૌ૕૘ૄ૜ૉૄພૌ૔૏ૌ૕૖૗૝ૄຠ
Morel
Morchella esculenta

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૲૵૲෺ຫො෢ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽ଆଂ૲຅ૹ૲ଇૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ଆଂ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅ૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺຯଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଇૺ଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฆ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵
ଇଆଊ૶຅ૺଃ૶຅ଂ૿૽ଈଆ૵ૺ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૺଃ૴૲૾
૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොฌຫ෢෮ຯ˥ොැຫො෢૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ
ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼ૸૶຅ଉૺ૲૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺ-
ଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૾૲ૹ૶ૼ຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅଒૲ૼૺଃ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵
૷૶ଂଓ૷૶૳ૹ૲૾຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅ଋ૶ଂ૶ଆૼଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૳૲ଉຫ଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲෢෺ຫ෨ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄ

30 31
 SARCOSCYPHACEAE

૖૗૔ૌ૒૔૑ૡૄ
Ruby Elfcup
Sarcoscypha coccinea

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯଔ૲૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇૺ૲ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅෢ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃຄଋૺ૴૾ૺ-
૵૲૾ຯ૽ଆଈૺ૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૴૲ଂ૶૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅
૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ૻૺ૵૶ຆ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅
ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૺૹ૲૾૽ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଐૺૹ૶ૼૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶-
ૹૺૹງ෢෺ຫ෨෺˥ොොຫො෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼ૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૶૶૳ૺଃ଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾-
૸૶຅ଓଂଐ૾૲૵૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶ଓ૲૷ଃଋૺຄଆଊ૷૲ଂଃ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૵૶ૻ૿ଂ૲଄ૺଆૼૺૻ૿૽଀૿૸ૺ଎ૺ૶૳ૺଃ
૴૲ଃ૲ଇ૿ଂ૽૶૳ૼ૲૵ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ຄ

32 33
 TUBERACEAE

૕ૄૡ૏ૈ૎ૌ૖૔ૌ૗૘ૈ૎ૌ
ພ૊ૄ૘ૢ૗૎ૌ૕૖૔ૌ૗૘ૈ૎ૌຠ
Summer Truffle
Tuber aestivum

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૽ૺଐૺଃଈ૷૶ଋ૲຅૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅෨ຫොැଃ૽
૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃຄ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿຅૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ຫ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿ງ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲
෮ຫ฀ଐ૲ଓ૾૲૴ૺ૲૾ૺ຅଀ૺଂ૲૽ૺ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૽૶଒૶଒૶૳ૺૹຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅

૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ଂ૲૷૲ૼૺૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଏ૲ଂଉ૷ૺຫ
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ଍૲૾૲ଂૹૺૹ຅ଂ૲଎ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૽૲ଂ૽૲ଂૺૼ૿ଃ૶૳ଂ૶ଇ૶ଈ଄ଃຄૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇ૲ଋ૲ଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃૹଓૺૼૺଃ૴૶૽૿૵૲
૾૶ଋ૿૽଀૲ૼ૲ଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹງ෢෮ຫ෮෺˥ොฆຫ෨ැ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅
ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾຅ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾૵૲ଂ଎ଓૺૼ૲ଃૹ૲૾຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ଋૺ෨ຫ෢෺
ଃ૽ଃૺଉଂ૽૶૸૶ງ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૲૽૿૵ૺଃ૽ૺଐૺଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂ૸૶଎ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲ຄ଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

34 35
 AGARICACEAE

૟ૌ૔ૅ૑૎૙ૉૄ૙ૄ૏ૄ
Flat-bulb Mushroom
Agaricus abruptibulbus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫො෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ
ଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ ຯ ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ ଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ ૿૵૾૲૷ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯොැຫො෢˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶-
ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ૵૲૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺ૷ૺૹ૴૲-
૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૵૲૽ଓଂૺ૵૲૾
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯ ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ ຯ ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଆଂ૲ຫଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿ଂૺଇૼଆ૿ଂ૶ଃ଎૶૾଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ
฀ຫฌ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଓૺ
૿૵૾૲૷ଆ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଏૺଂ૳૿ૼଈ૷૲ଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଏૺଂ-
૳૿ૼଈ૷૲ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺ૲ଂ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ຅
ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૲ଈ૷ଃ૷૿ૼ-
૷૲ຄଏૺଂ૳૿ૼଈ૷૲ଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺ଎ຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀ
˗řȫʍǥȻƒƥɰȥʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૵૶૳૲ଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺଃଆ૾ૺૹ૵૲
ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

36 37
 AGARICACEAE

૏ૌૐેૉ૔ૌ૕૙ૄ૏ૄ
Horse Mushroom
Agaricus arvensis

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૸ଂ૵૲ଃૹ૲૾
૶ଂૹ૲૵ଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿-
ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොැ˥ොຄ෺ຫ෨ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງଃ૲-
ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾૲ଓૼ૿ଃ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૵૲૽૿૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૿ଂଋଂૺ૲૾ૺ
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ૹૺງ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲ຫଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૲૷ૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫฒ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૿૵૾૲૷
ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૲૵ଂ૶૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶
૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଉૺ૲૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉຫ଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ
ຝଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂଋૺຟຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆ-
ૼૺଃଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřˋƥɰȫřຝ຅ૹ૶ૹଂଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřˋǰɰȻʀřຝ૲૾ଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝຄଃ૲૽ૺ૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ
૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଈ૲૽૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૽૲ૹ૲ଂ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ૹ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺ຅
૽૲ૹૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૲ଈ૷ૹ૷૿ૼ-
૷૲ຄ૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺ଎ຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀ
˗řȫʍǥȻƒƥɰȥʢʀຝຄଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૵૶૳૲ଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺଃଆ૾ૺૹ૵૲
ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

38 39
 AGARICACEAE

૕ૄ૏ૈ૘૑૙ૄ૏ૄ
The Prince
Agaricus augustus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොැຫ෢෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ଇ૲-
ଂଆૼૺૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹຄଋ૶-
ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳૲-
ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૵૲૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶-
଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ
૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฆຫ෢ැ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅
ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૽૿ૹຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૷૶૽૿ૹຯૹ૶ૹଂଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿໲ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ ଓ૶ૼૺଃ ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺૹ ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ ૵૲
૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ଇ૶ଓଃຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲ຫଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૽ૹૼૺຫ
૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૹ૶ૹଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫฒ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଃ૿଒૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

40 41
 AGARICACEAE

૙ૄ૎ૄ૙ૌ૕૙ૄ૏ૄ
Pavement Mushroom
Agaricus bitorquis

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿-
૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૽ૺૻଂଆૼૺ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹຄଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽૿-
૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷
଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ
ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଇ૶-
ଓૺଃଋଆ૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ૴૲૲଍૾ૺ૲૿ଂଋଂૺ૲૾ૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿຅૸૶૵૲ૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿
૵૲ଂ଍૶૾ૺૼૺ૲ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૴૲૾຅ଓ૿ૼ૿ଈ૷૶૵૲ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿
ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺ૲ຄଏૺଂଋૺૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵૲ଈ૷ଃ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺ
ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾ૺຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯ ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ ຯ ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲ຫଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ
૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ૶ଂૹૺ૲૾૿ଂૺଇૼଆ૿ଂ૶ଃ଎૶૾଄ଆૼૺ
ଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෺ຫ฀˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿૽૿૽ଁ૲૷૿
ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૲૵ଂ૶૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲-
૵૲૴૸૶຅ଉૺ૲૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺຄଓଋૺଂ૲૵
ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૲ଃଇ૲ૼ଄ૺଃ૲૽૿૳ଂଆ૾૶૳૲ଃຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଈ૲ૼ૲ଈૺଃଈ૲૽૲ଖ૴૲૷ଃ૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ଃຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀ
Ƈřȥɦƥʀʍɰǰʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૲଎૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲૿ଂ૽૲૴ૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ૹૺຄ

42 43
 AGARICACEAE

૏ેૈ૎૑૕૙ૄ૏ૄ
Field Mushroom
Agaricus campestris

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ
଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଉଂ૽૲૵ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫොැ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅
ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ
ଇ૶ଓૺଃଋଆ૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ૲ଈ૷ଃૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଆଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ
૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿૷૲-
ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฒ˥෮ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૲૵ଂ૶૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶
૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯ
૾૲ૻ૶ૼૺ૲૾૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ
ଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřˋƥɰȫřຝ຅ૹ૶ૹଂଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřˋǰɰȻʀřຝ૲૾ଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝຄଃ૲૽ૺ૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ଃ૲ଂ૲ଈ૷ଃଇ૶ଓ૸૶૷૿ૼ૷૲຅૽ૺଃૺ
ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃ-
ଇଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૵૶૳૲ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺૹຄ૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲
૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺ଎ຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀ˗řȫʍǥȻƒƥɰȥʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎ଇ૶-
૾૿ૼૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺଃଆ૾ૺ૲ଈ૷ଃ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵
ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

44 45
 AGARICACEAE

ૡ૔ૈ૎ૌ૙ૄ૏ૄ
Eastern Flat Topped Agaricus
Agaricus placomyces

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଂଆଓૺງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଐ૲ଂ૽૿ૺଈ૽૾૶૳૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺଃ
૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺଃଋ૶૵૶૴૲૵ງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฌຫොฆ˥ොຄ෢ຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ଇଆଊ૶ງ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ૹ૶ૹଂૺຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฆ˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓଋૺຝ૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଏૺଂଋૺຟ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૽ૹ૲ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૵૲ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

46 47
 AGARICACEAE

૖૛ૌ૕૒ૌ૔ૄ૙ૄ૏ૄ
Wood Mushroom
Agaricus sylvicola

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶-
ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ-
૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ૵૲ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫฌ˥ොຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૿૵૾૲૷૽૿ଉଆ-
૾ଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋૺ૴૾ૺૹ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾૲ଓૼ૿ଃ૲ଈ૷ଃ
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૵૲ଃ૲ૻ૽૲૿૵૽૿૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅଍૲૽૿ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺଃ૲ଊ૶-
ૼ૿ຄ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲຅ଓ૿ૼ૿ଈ૷૶૵૲૽ଓ૲ଂ૶ຯૻૺ૵૶૸૶૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿
૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯ ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ ຯ ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ଆଂ૲ຫଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૲૷ૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງ૶ଂૹૺ૲૾
૿ଂૺଇૼଆ૿ଂ૶ଃ଎૶૾଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෺ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૲ଈ૲૽૲ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
ଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲-
૾ૺ૲ຄ଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૲ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃ૲ଂ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆ-
ଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ
૲ଈ૷ଃ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຄ଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૲ଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺ଎
ຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀ˗řȫʍǥȻƒƥɰȥʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૲ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅
ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૵૶૳૲ଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺଃଆ૾ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

48 49
 AGARICACEAE

૖૛ૌ૕૙ૄ૏ૄ
Blushing Wood Mushroom
Agaricus sylvaticus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅
ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯଋଆ૲ଋૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲-
ଂૺ຅ଓଋૺଂૺ૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ
૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෺˥ැຄ෺ຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ
૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽-
ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ
ଇ૶ଓૺଃଋଆ૲ଋૺ૲ଈ૷ଃ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຄ෺ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෨ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଔ૶ଂଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଋ૶ଂ૶ଆૼ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଃ૲૽૶ଇ૿ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀ
řʢǒʢʀʍʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૽ૺૹ૲ଉ૶૽૲଄૶૳૲଄ଊૺଃଈ૲૽૲ଃຄ

50 51
 AGARICACEAE

૜ૢૄ૏ૌૄૐૌ૙ૄ૏ૄ
Yellow Stainer
Agaricus xanthodermus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ฀ຫොฌ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ ૲૾ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଓ૶ૼૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ໲ຯ
૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොฆ˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶ଓ૲૾૵૲ଓ૲૾૿ଂ૲૵૲૲૴૲ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿-
૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺຄ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຄ෺ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෮ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺ຅ଂ૲଎
ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଆଇଂ૿૽ଏ૲ଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃຝ૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹ-
ଂ૶૳ૺૹຯଇ૶ଓૺଃ૲ଂ૶ଋૺຟଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ොຫ෢ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺຆ
ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲૵૲૵ૺ૲ଂ૶૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃ
ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀřɰˋƥȫʀǰʀຝ૲૾૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ଋૺຜǒřɰǰƇʢʀƇřȥɦƥʀʍɰǰʀຝຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇ૶૾૿ૼૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺ
ଃଆ૾ૺ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

52 53
 AGARICACEAE

૖૛ૉૌૌ૕૘ૈ૔ૌ૘૜૗્૗ૐૄພ૆૗ેૄ૘૜૗્ૄ຅
્૗૕્૗૕ૈ૎ૄ຅૕ૄ૞૗ૄ૔ૄૌ຅૞૗ૄૐૄ૕૑્૑ຠ
Grey Puffball
Bovista plumbea

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ොຫ෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃຄ૴૲ଂ૶ૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺ
ຝ૶૴૸૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૲଀ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૲ଇૼ૶ૹ૶૳૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ଋૺ૵૲
ଋଂ૶ଃຄଋૺ૴૾ૺૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺຝ૶૾૵૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଀૶ଂ૴૲૽૶૾଄ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૽ଊ૲ଂૺ຅ ૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ ૲૾ ଄ଊ૷ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ
ૺଓଃ૾૶૳૲ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ૻૺ૵ૺ૲૾ૺ଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૾૲ଃ૷ଂ૶଄ૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽ଆଈૺଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹ຅૽૿ૻૼ૶
ૻଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૵૲૾૲૽૲଄ૺૹງ෮˥฀૽ૻ૽

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ૴ૼ૶૳૲ ຯ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ

૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃຯ૽ଆଈૺଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹງଆଃଆ૾૿ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶-
ଃ૲૵຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳-
ଋૺ଎຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹ૽ૹ૲ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲ຄଓ૲ૼଓଆଂ
૽૶૵ૺ଎ૺ૾૲ଋૺ૽ૺଃૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૽଄૷૶ଂૺ૴૲૽૿ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૲଒ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺ૵૲૾ଃૺଃ-
ଓૼ૵૶૾ૺଃଋ૶ଃ૲଍૶ଂ૶૳ૼ૲૵ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ଄ଊ૷ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଇଋଆૻଆ૾૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋ૲૷
ଇଋଆૻଆ૾૲ଋૺຜ%ȻˋǰʀʍřȫǰǒɰƥʀƇƥȫʀຝຄ૽૲ૹૺ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳૲
ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲૽૲ଋૺ૾຅ଂ૿଎૲଍૲૾ଃଋૺ૴૾ૺૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺຝ૶૾૵૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟຄ

54 55
 AGARICACEAE

૆ૌ૆ૄૐ૖૗૔ૌ૘૜૗્૗ૐૄພ૘૗૔૘ૄ૜ૄຠ
Giant Puffball
Calvatia gigantea

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ොැຫ෺ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଐ૿૾૲ຯ෮ຫො෺
ૻ૴຅ ଏૺଂଋૺ ଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ ૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ૺଃ ଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺૹຄ ૴૲ଂ૶ૹ૲ ૴૲ଂଃૺ
ຝ૶૴૸૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ ຯ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅ ૾૲ଇૼ૶ૹ૶૳૲૵
ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ଋૺ૵૲ଋଂ૶ଃຄଋૺ૴૾ૺૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺຝ૶૾૵૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅
૲଀ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଃૻ૵૶૳૲຅૾૲ଐ૶૷ଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲
଍૾૵૶૳૲૴ૼ૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ-
૲૾ૺ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෨ຫ෺ຄ෺˥෨ຫ෺૽ૻ૽

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ૴ૼ૶૳૲ ຯ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ

૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅૳૲૽૳ૺຫ
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹງ૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૳૲ૼ૲-
ଓ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ଄૶଀૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽૲ଉ૲ૼ૽ૹૺ૲૾૵૲ଃଆ૳૲ૼ-
଀ଆଂ૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲ຄ૽ૺଃૺ
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹଋ૶ଃଆ૾ૹଈ૷૲૽ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ
૲ૼ૶ଂ૴ૺଆૼૺଂ૶૲ଈ଎ૺ૲ຆଃଆଂ૵૿຅૴ଆૼૺଃ૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૶૳૲຅ૹ૲૷૳ଂଆଃଓ૷૶૷ૺଃ૲૵૲
૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂଏ૾૶૳૶૳ૺຄଂૹଆૼଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૵૶૳૲ଖૺ଀૶ଂ-
ଃ૶૾ଃૺ଄ૺଆଂૺ଀૾૶૷૽૿૾ૺ଄ૺຄ

56 57
 AGARICACEAE

૔ૅૌ૎૑ૅૠૌોૈ૎ૄૠૈ૔૑૕ૠૉૌૉૄ
Shaggy Parasol
Chlorophyllum rhacodes

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฆຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ-
૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ-
଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅
૽૶଍ଓଂ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺૻଂ૲૽ૺ଄ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଃଓ૿຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૻૺ-
૵૶૶૳૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯොැຫ෢෢˥ොຫ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶຅
૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ଈଆ૵ଃງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲
૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૻૺ૵૶ຆଈ૶଍ૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿ଂ૲૵૴૲ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૽૿ଏଂ૲૷ૺ૲ຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
ૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ૶ଂૹૺ૲૾૿ଂૺଇૼଆ૿ଂ૶ଃ଎૶૾଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶-
ૹૺૹງฌຄ෺ຫො෨˥෺ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺຄ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃຝ૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଇ૶ଓଋૺຟଓ૵૶૳૲
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲
଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ
ଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃ૲૵૲૲ૼ૶ଂ૴ૺଆૼଂ૶૲ଈ଎ૺ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଐૺૹ૶ૼ૲ଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶-
ଂૺ૿ଃଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ଋૺຜřƇɰȻȓƥɦǰȻʍřɦɰȻƇƥɰřຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૽ૺૹ૽૲ଃ-
૸૶૵ૺ૵ૺ૲ຄ૴૲ଂ૵૲૲૽ૺଃ૲຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଐૺૹ૶ૼ૲ଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ଃଇ૶ଓ૸૶૲ଂ
૲ଈ૷ଃଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺ૵૲૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૽ૺଃૺ
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૿ଂ૶ଆૼ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ-
૿ଃ,ǥȓȻɰȻɦǥ˘ȓȓʢȥȥȻȓ˘Žƒǰʍƥʀສఝ఍ຝଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶ૼ૿ଋૺ૲ଂଇૺଈଃૺଂ૵૶૳૲ຟ຅
ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૲଎຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲૽ଐ૷૲૾૶ଇ૶ଂૺଃଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺૹຄ

58 59
 AGARICACEAE

૏ૈ૔૞ૢૄ૎ૄ૕૑્૑ພ૆ૉૈ૎ૌ૕૕૑્૑ຠ
Shaggy Inkcap
Coprinus comatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො෮ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૷ૺଐଂ૿૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺງ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૻૺ૵૶૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺଓଋૺଂૺ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງ ૻૺ૵૶ຆ ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෺˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ଀૲଄૲ଂ૲຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ଏଂ૲૷ૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ
૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ଆૼૺଋ૲૷ૺ૲૵૲ૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾
ଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾૶ଂૹ૲૵ૺଈ଎૶૷૲ଋ૲૷຅ૹଓ૶૷૲૵຅૽૶ૼ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૽૲ଃ૲૵ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຄ෺ຫො෢ຄ෺˥฀ຄ෺ຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଋ૲૷ૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲-
૴૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૳૿ଃ଄૾૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૾૲ૻ૶ૼૺ૲૾
૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଋ૶૶଀૲ଂ૶૳૲ଃૺଋ૲૷૶ຄ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶-
૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૺଃૹ૲૾૲૷૶૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຄ૲ଃ૶૷૶ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଏ૲ଇૺଃ
ଋ૶ଃ૲ଉ૶૳૲૵຅ૺଏૼ૶૷૲૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ଇ૶ଂଃຄ

60 61
 AGARICACEAE

ૈ્૎ૈૅૌૄૐૌ૎ૈ૒ૌ૑૖ૄ
Freckled Dapperling
Echinoderma asperum

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෮ຫො෨ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽ଆଈૺ ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ

૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ૳ ૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ຅૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿଀ૺଂ૲૽ૺ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺଓ૿ଂૻૼ૶૳ૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෢˥ැຄฌຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂ-
ଋૺ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૽૿ૹ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଈ૷૶૽૿ૹ૽ଆଈૺ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଈ૷૶૵૲૽ଓଂૺ૵૲૾ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂଓ૿ଂૻૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺૻૺ૵ૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿
ૺ૴ૼૺଔ૶૳૲ຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ຫ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫොො˥෢ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅
ૻ૿૽଀૿ଃ଄૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

62 63
 AGARICACEAE

૛ૄૉૌ૕૘ૈ૔ૌ૎ૈ૒ૌ૑૖ૄ
Deadly Dapperling
Lepiota brunneoincarnata

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶-
૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ෮˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૽૿ૹຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ
ଈ૷૶૽૿ૹຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒-
ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૷૶૽૿ૹ૽ଆଈૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺଈ૽૾ૺଃ૸ૺ૴૸૲-
૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃຄଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫොැ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଈଆ૵ૺଃ
૲ଂ૶ଋૺ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺଓ૵૶૳૲ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃଈ૷૶૵૲
૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺૻૺຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺຄ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼૺ
૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺૻଆ଒ຫ૾૲ଐૼ૲૷ૺଃ૽૿ଈ૽૶૵૶૳ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷ૺଃ૲૵૲଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳ૺଃ
ଃ૲ଓૺૹଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૲ଉૺ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹොැଃ૲૲ૹૺଃ
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶૵ଉૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳૲଎ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺૼ૶଀ૺ૿଄૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૲૽૲૷૶
૴૷૲ଂૺଃຜ‘ƥɦǰȻʍřຝଃଓ૷૲ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଋૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૹ૲૾૲ଐૺૼૺ૲ଃ૶૷૶ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ
૲૽ૺ଄૿૽૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

64 65
 AGARICACEAE

૕ૄૉૄ૔૞ૢૈ૎ૄ૎ૈ૒ૌ૑૖ૄ
Stinking Dapperling
Lepiota cristata

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෢ຫ෺ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ ଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ

ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿ຫ
૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺଆଇଂ૿ଓଋૺଂૺ຅
ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ૻૺ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲ຫଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥ැຄ෢ຫැຄ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ
૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૳૿଒-
ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૲଀ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅
ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵૸ૺ૲૾૵૶૳૲૵૲ଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଄ଊ૷ૺૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃງ෺ຫฌ˥෢ຄ෺ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲-
૴૸૶຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଃ૲૷૲ଂ଎ଓ૶ૼ૲ૼ૶଀ૺ૿଄૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૲૽૲-
૷૶૴૷૲ଂૺଃຜ‘ƥɦǰȻʍřຝଃଓ૷૲ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଋૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૹ૲૾૲ଐૺૼૺ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳-
ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅૲૽ૺ଄૿૽૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

66 67
 AGARICACEAE

ૢ૑૔્૎ૈૅૌૄૐૌ૆૗ેૄ૘૜૗્ૄ
ພ૆૗ેૄ૘૜૗્ૄ຅્૗૕્૗૕ૈ૎ૄ຅૕ૄ૞૗ૄ૔ૄૌ຅
૞૗ૄૐૄ૕૑્૑຅૟ૌ૎૆૗ેૄຠ
Common Puffball
Lycoperdon perlatum

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૽ଃଓૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ଆଂ૸ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ଔ૵૿૽૲ଂ૶૲૾ૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵
૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ଎ଂଆଇ૶ଓૺૹ຅෨ຫฌଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ૵૲෨ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃຄ
૴૲ଂ૶ૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺຝ૶૴૸૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଆଂ૲
ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃ຅଀ૺଂ૲૽ૺ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଓ૿ଂૻૼ૶૳ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅
ଂ૿૽૶ૼૹ૲଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂ૸૶ଂ଍૶૳૲૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲-
૽૶૾଄ૺຄଋૺ૴૾ૺૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺຝ૶૾૵૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅଀૶ଂ૴૲૽૶૾଄ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૽ଆଂ૲ງ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃૺଓଃ૾૶૳૲଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿૾૲ଃ૷ଂ૶଄ૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૾૲૸ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງ෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽
૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૴ૼ૶૳૲ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ଂ૳ૺૼૺ૲຅ଉଂଆ૳ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଐૺ-
ଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଇଓ૷ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹງ
૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૸૿૴-
ଔ૶ଂ଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼ૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎૵૲૳ૼ૿૳ଋૺ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶૲ૼ଀ଆଂ
૵૲ଃଆ૳૲ૼ଀ଆଂ૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶ຄ૶ଂૹຫ૶ଂૹૺଊ૷૶ૼ૲૸૶ଇ૲ଂૹ૿૵૴૲૷ଂ଎૶-
ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿૲ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲ຄଓ૲ૼଓଆଂ
૽૶૵ૺ଎ૺ૾૲ଋૺ૽ૺଃૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૽଄૷૶ଂૺ૴૲૽૿ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૲଒ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺ૵૲૾ଃૺଃ-
ଓૼ૵૶૾ૺଃଋ૶ଃ૲଍૶ଂ૶૳ૼ૲૵ຄଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹଋ૶ଃଆ૾ૹଈ૷૲
ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૲ૼ૶ଂ૴ૺଆૼଂ૶૲ଈ଎ૺ૶૳ଃຆଃଆଂ૵૿ଃ຅૴ଆૼૺଃ૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૶૳૲ଃ຅ૹ૲૷૳ଂଆଃଓ-
૷૶૷૲ଃ૲૵૲૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂଏ૾૶૳૲ଃຄଂૹଆૼଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૵૶૳૲
ଖૺ଀૶ଂଃ૶૾ଃૺ଄ૺଆଂૺ଀૾૶૷૽૿૾ૺ଄ૺຄ

68 69
 AGARICACEAE

ૠૈ૔૑૕ૠૉૌૉૄພ૏૆૊ૄૉ૔ૌ૑຅ૉૌૣૌ
૙૑૔૆૑૎຅ૠૈ૔ૄૠ૗ૄ຅ૠૈ૔ૈૠ૑຅ૠૈ૔ૈ૕૖૑຅
ૠૈ૔૑૜ૅ૑્૑຅ૠ૑૔ૄ૕ૠ૑ຠ
Parasol
Macrolepiota procera

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොැຫ෨ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅૾૲૸-
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૽૶଍ଓଂ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺૻଂ૲૽ૺ଄ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ຅
૽૿૽ଃଓ૿຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯොැຫ෨ැ˥ොຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ-
૵૶૳૲ଈଆ૵ଃງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺଐଂૺଆૼ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆ-
ૼૺ૽ଆଈૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ଂ૲଎ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾
ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૻૺ૵૶ຯଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿ଂ૲૵૴૲ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ
૽૿ଏଂ૲૷ૺ૲ຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງො෺ຫ෢ැ˥ොැຫො෨૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺ-
ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૾૲ૹ૶ૼ଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଐૺ-
ૹ૶ૼ૲ଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ଋૺຜ,ǥȓȻɰȻɦǥ˘ȓȓʢȥɰǥřƇȻƒƥʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૲଎૴૲૾-
ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲ଆଇଂ૿૵ૺ૵ૺ૸૿૽ૺૹ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ
૵૲ૺ૽ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

70 71
 AMANITACEAE

ૐૌ૛ૉૌພ૏ૄ૎૙ૉૄ૎ૄ຅ૐૈ૛ૉ຅૕૑્૑્ૉૈ૔૞ૢૄ຅
૕૑્૑ૠૌોૈ૎ૄຠ
Caesar’s Amanita
Amanita caesarea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૸૾૶-
ଈૺૼૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶-
૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฌຫො෮˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵-
ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૽૿ૹຯ૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼ૲૵૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶-
ૼ૿ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૵૲ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼ૲૵૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺງ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ଄૿଀ଂ૲ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ෮ຫ෺૽૽ຄଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅૴૲ଂ૶૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯ ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ ຯ ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅

૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫො෨˥෺ຫොැ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૲૾ଈ૷૶ଋຯଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅
ଇ૶ଓૺଃૻ૲૾ଈ૷૶ଋຯૹ૶ૹଂૺຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃૹଓૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲-
૵૲૵૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂଋૺ຅ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଃ૲૵૲ଐ૲૳ૼ૾૲ଂଋૺ຅ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯଐૺ-
ଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵૽ૹૺଃଃ૲૽ଓଂ૶ૹଇ૶ଂ૵૿૳૶૳૸૶ຄ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶-
ଆૼ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲຅ଖ૲૶ଂૺଃ଄૶૽଀૶ଂ૲଄ଆଂ૲຅
૽ૺ૾ૺ૽ଆ૽຅ො෺૵ଉૺଃ૴૲૾૽૲૷ૼ૿૳૲ଋૺ૲ଂૺଊ૿ଃ෢ැ࿖/ຫ૸૶૵૲૳૲ૼૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૾ૺଊ૷ૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřȥʢʀƇřɰǰřຝຄ૲૽ૺ଄૿૽ଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃຆ૾ૺଊ૷ૺଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲຅଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ଃૺૻૺຯଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺງ
૾ૺଊ૷ૺଃ૷૿ૼ૷૲૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૲૵૲ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ଃૺૻૺଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺ-
ૼૺ૲૵૲૸૿ૼ૶૳૲૵૲૲ଋ૶૽૿ଂ଄ଊ૽ଆૼૺງ૾ૺଊ૷ૺଃଈଆ૵ૺଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲຅
଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ଃૺૻૺૹ૶ૹଂૺ૽૶଒૶଒૶૳ૺૹ૲૲૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺຄ

72 73
 AMANITACEAE

૕ૈ૕ૌ૎ૌૄ૕૎ૌૉ૎ૌૉૄ
Snakeskin Grisette
Amanita ceciliae

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૹ૲-
ଇૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲-
ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳-
ଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲
૴૲ଈଂ૶ଃງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯොැຫ෢ැ˥ොຄ෺ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅
ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଐ૷ଂૺૼଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎
ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃງଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵
૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૷૿ૼ૷ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොොຫො෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

74 75
 AMANITACEAE

ૅૌ૎ૠૄ૕૑્૑
False Deathcap
Amanita citrina

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૽-
ଐ૷૲૾૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃ-
ଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૶૵૲-
଀ૺଂ૸૶ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଇ૲૾଄૶ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆ૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼ૲૵૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෢˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲૾૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲ଃଈ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿
ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅଍૲૽૿ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶-
૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿
ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀˥ฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼଇ૶ଓૺଃ૾૲ଐૺ-
ૼଋૺຯ૽૿૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૵૲૽଀૲ૼૺૻ૲ଂ଄૿ଇૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲૸ଉ૷ૺଃ૵૿૾ૺ૵૲૾ො෮ැැ૽૶଄ଂ૲૽૵૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૲ଂૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼ૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ
ଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřˋƥɰȫřຝ຅ૹ૶ૹଂଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřˋǰɰȻʀřຝ૲૾ଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝຄଃ૲૽ૺ૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૴૲૽૿ૺଂ଍૶૷૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼૺૻ૲ଂ଄૿ଇૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺૹຄ

76 77
 AMANITACEAE

૑૙૔૑૕૘ૈ૔ૌ૎ૌૉ૎ૌૉૄ
Orange Grisette
Amanita crocea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲-
଄ଆૼૺ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ຅
ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ฀ຫො෮ ˥ ොຫොຄ෺ ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ

଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃງ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૷ૺଐଂ૿຅
ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଆଇ૶ଂଆૼૺງฌຫො෮૽ૻ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૲ଂଊૹ૲૾૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřǒƥȥȥřʍřຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾
૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ૲଎૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଃ૲ଂ૴૲૲଍૾ૺ૲ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿຅ଈଆ૵૸૶
ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૲ଂ
૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

78 79
 AMANITACEAE

ૠૄૅ૎ૌ૕૘ૈ૔ૌ૎ૌૉ૎ૌૉૄ
Tawny Grisette
Amanita fulva

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଉૺ૲ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲-
ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ
૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฆຫො฀˥ොຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾
ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ૹ૲૷ૺ-
૵૲૾ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ଄૿଀ଂ૲ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅଄ଊ૲૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅
૾૲ଓ૶૷ଂ૲૵ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ງฒຫො෢૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃ຅૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺ
ଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅
૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒-
૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřƇɰȻƇƥřຝຄଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎ଆଇଂ૿૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺ
૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଈଆ૵ૺ૵૲ଇ૶ଓ૸૶૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺ૲ଈ૷ଃຄଋଓ૲-
૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺ଎
ຜȥřȫǰʍřǒƥȥȥřʍřຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎ଈଆ૵૸૶ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶-
૾૶૳ૺ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ૻૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿૲ଈ૷ଃ૵૲ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଇ૶ଓૺଏૺଂଋૺ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ
૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲ຄ

80 81
 AMANITACEAE

૛ૉૌોૈ૎ૌૅૌ૎ૠૄ૕૑્૑
Jewelled Amanita
Amanita gemmata

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫොොଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଈ૲ଂ૷ૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲-
ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૿૵૾૲૷ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଇ૲૾଄૶ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫො෢˥ැຄ෺ຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ
૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎-
ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶ຄ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૷ૺଐଂ૿຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓ૸૶଄૿-
૷૶૳ଃ૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૻ૷૲ૼଃຄ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૵૲ଇૼ૶ૹૺૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺງฌຫොො˥෺ຄ෺ຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺ-
ૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૽૶଄ଐૺૼ૲૵ຯଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଏૼૺ૶ଂଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎ଐ૶ଃૺ຅૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺ
૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ଃ૲૽ૺଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴຅૷ૺ૸ଆ૲ૼଆଂૺଖ૲ૼଆ଎ૺ૾૲-
଎ૺૺଃ຅૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂଏ૾૶૳ૺଃ૲૾଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳ૺଃ຅ૻଆ଒ૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺଃ຅
૵ૺ૲ଂ૶ૺଃ຅૴ଆૼૺଃ଎૶૽ૺଃଋ૶૾૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૲ଂૺૹ૽ૺૺଃଃ૲ଓૺૹຄ૽ଏૺ૽૶ଋ૶૵૶૴૶-
૳ૺ຅ଂ૿૴૿ଂ૶૳ૺ଎૲૲ૻ૿૽૲ଋૺ૲૾ૻଂଆ૾଍ଓ૷૲ଋૺ଍૲૷૲ଂ૵૾૲૲૾૴૲ଂ૵૲଎૷૲ૼ૶૳૲຅
ଆ૲ଉଂ૶ଃ૲૵ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺ૲ຄ

82 83
 AMANITACEAE

૞ૄેૄ૏ૄ૛ૉૄૐૄພૠૌોૈ૎ૌ૜ૢૄ૏ૄຠ
Fly Agaric
Amanita muscaria

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ଆଈૺଐૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૾૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶-
૽૵૶૴໲ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૲૽૿ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ
଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫො฀˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૲૸૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲-
૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૹ૲૾૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅଍૲૽૿ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺງ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૲
૵૲૸૿ૼ૶૳૲૵ଋ૶૽૿ଂ଄ଊ૽ଆૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫොැ˥ฆຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૻ૲૾ଈ૷૶ଋ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿
ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾຅ૺଃ૶ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵຅૾૲ଏ૷૶૳ૹ૲૾૵૲૲ଂଊ૶૳-
ૹ૲૾૲ଓૼ૿ଃຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଏૼૺ૶ଂଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂ
ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷૲຅૵ૺ૲ଂ૶૲຅ૻଆ૾ຫ
ૹ૶૳ૺଃૹ૷ૺૹ૾૶૳ଆଂૺૻଂૹ૿૽૲຅ଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶຅଒૲ଂ૳ૺ૾૶ଂଐଊ૷૵૶૾૲
૵૲૿ଇૼૺ૲૾૿૳૲ຄ૽ଏૺ૽૶ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૶૳ଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ
૵ଂ૿૶૳ૺૹૺ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଖ૲ૼଆ଎ૺ૾૲଎ૺ૲຅૴૲૾ଐଊ૿૳ૺଃ૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺ
଎૷૲ૼ૶૳૲૵૿૳૲຅૶ૺଇ૿ଂૺ૲຅૽૿ଏଂ૲૿૳ૺଃૻ૿૿ଂ૵ૺ૾૲଎ૺૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅
ଇଃૺଈ૿૽૿଄૿ଂଆૼૺ૲૴૸૾૶૳૲૵૲ૻ૿૽૲଄૿૸ଆଂૺ૽૵૴૿૽૲ଂ૶૿૳૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺ ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺ ຯ଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ ૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ ૾ૺଊ૷ଋૺ

ຜȥřȫǰʍřƇřƥʀřɰƥřຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ଃ૲ଈ૷ଃ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଂૻ૲ૼ૶૳૲૵ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૷૿ૼ૷૲૵૲ଈଆ૵૸૶
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺຄ

84 85
 AMANITACEAE

્ૉૈ૔૞ૢૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌૅૌ૎ૠૄ૕૑્૑
Bearded Amanita
Amanita ovoidea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොැຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶-
૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ
ଇ૲૾଄૶ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶
ଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯොැຫො෺˥฀ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆ-
ૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂଇૺଇଈ૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ
૾૲ଓ૶૷ଂ૲૵ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅଄૿଀ଂ૲ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶ຯ૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງොැຫො෢˥฀ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૲ଂૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૶ଂૹૺଋ૶ଓ૶૵૷ૺૹ
ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ଖ૴૲૷ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ȥřȫǰʍřɦɰȻ˗ǰȥřສఖຝଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶ૼ૿ଋૺ૲ଂଇૺଈ-
ଃૺଂ૵૶૳૲ຟ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎຅ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅
૲ଈ૷ଃ૽ଆଈૺଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૷૿ૼ૷૲૵૲ଋૺଋ૷૶ૼૺଈଆ૵ૺଃૻૺ૵૶ຄ

86 87
 AMANITACEAE

ોૄૉૡૈેૌ૎ૄ
Panthercap
Amanita pantherina

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૵૲૾ଉૺ૲
ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿
ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯૼ૿ଂ-
ଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෺˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲-
ଂଆૼૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ງ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ଈ૽૾ૺଃૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼଂ૴૿ૼ૶૳ଃຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫො෨ຄ෺˥฀ຫฒຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺ-
ଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ଇૺ଒૷ૹ૲૾຅૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲
ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଏૼૺ૶ଂଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ૿ଂଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ
ૺଐଊ૶૳૲଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅૵ૺ૲ଂ૶૲຅૴ଆૼૺଃ૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૶૳૲຅଀ૺଂૺଃଃૺ૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૶຅
଄૶૽଀૶ଂ૲଄ଆଂૺଃ૽૲଄૶૳૲૵૲ଃଆ૾ૹଈ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଏ૾૶ૼ૶૳૲ຄ૽ଏૺ૽૶ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૶૳-
ଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଖ૲ૼଆ଎ૺ૾૲଎ૺ૲຅૶ૺଇ૿ଂૺ૲຅ଇଃૺଈ૿૽૿଄૿ଂଆૼૺ
૲૴૸૾૶૳૲૵૲ૻ૿૽૲଄૿૸ଆଂૺ૽૵૴૿૽૲ଂ૶૿૳૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૹ૲૷଒૶૵ૺૼ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૲ଂଐଊ૷ૺ૿ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřɰʢŽƥʀƇƥȫʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ-
૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૴૲ଂ૵૲૲૽ૺଃ૲຅ૹ૲૷଒૶૵ૺૼ૲ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲຅
ଓ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଂଐଊ૷ૺ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

88 89
 AMANITACEAE

૜ૢૄ૏ૄ
Deathcap
Amanita phalloides
ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫො෺ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵ຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅
ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ
ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොැ˥ැຄ෺ຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଈ૶ଂ଎-
ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅଍૲૽૿ૻૺ૵૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅૸૶૽૿-
૵૲૾ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ຅ଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿
ଈଂ૶૳૲ງ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ଄૿଀ଂ૲ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ
ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫො෢ຄ෺˥฀ຫฌຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎-
૷ૼૺଃຄ૲ଓ૲ૼ૴૲૸ଂ૵૲૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼ૶૳ଃ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺ຅
૴૲૵૲૳૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼଃૻૺຯଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ
ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૾૲ૹ૶ૼ
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ
૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ
૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଃ෨ැ૴ଂ૲૽ૺ଎
ૻૺଃ૲ૻ૽૲ଂૺଃૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଃૺૻ૷૵ૺૼૺຄଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૽ૺଃૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺ଎຅
૲૽ૺ଄૿૽૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃ૴૷૶ଂ૵ૺૹ૴૲૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿-
૷૶૳૲຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅૽૲ૹ૸૶଎૴૲૵૲ଃଆૼૺૺଊ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ
૽଄૷૶ଂૺຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾฀ຫ෮ැଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆૹ૲-
૷ૺଃ૲૵૲૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶຅ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ
૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ૻଂଆ૾଍ଓ૷૲຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૵૲ଆ૿ૻ૶૳૶ૼૺଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺຄ
ଃ૲૽ૺ૵ଉૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૶ଐଊ૶૳૲૽૿଍૷૶૾૶૳ૺૹૺଆૻ૶ૹ૶ଃ૿૳૲຅ૹଆ-
૽଎૲຅ଃૺ૾૲૽૵૷ૺૼ૶ଋૺ຅ૺ૾଄૶૾ଃૺଆଂ૲૵૽ૺ૽૵ૺ૾૲ଂ૶૿૳ଃଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૵૲ଋૼ૲຅
ଂ૲଎ଃ૲૳૿ૼ૿૿૵ଃଂଆૼ૵૶૳૲ૼ૶଄૲ૼଆଂ૲૵ຄଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଓ૶ૼଋૺଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷ૺૹ
૲ଉ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଓ૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૽૲ଋૺ૾૷૶ૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૵૲૳૲૾૲ຄ
૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଋଓ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଋૺຄ
ଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଇૺଂ-
ଇૺ଄૶૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ૲ଈ૷ଃ૷૿ૼ૷૲૵૲૲ଂ
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

90 91
 AMANITACEAE

૏ૄ૔ૠ૛ૉૌ૑
Blusher
Amanita rubescens

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵
૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼຫ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿
ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲-
ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ෺ຫො෺ ˥ ොຫ෮ ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ

଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲ଇ૲ଂૹ૿૶૳ଆૼຫ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶ຫ
૳ଆૼૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯଇଆଊ૶຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺງ૷૿ૼ૷૲
ଃଆଃ଄૲૵૲૲૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଂૻ૲ૼ૶૳ૺଃଃ૲ଓૺૹ຅
ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ
ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫොැຄ෺˥෮ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ ຝଈଆ૵ଋૺ଎ ૵૲ ଇ૶ଓଋૺ଎ຟ ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ ଓ૵૶૳૲ ଉ૷ૺ૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽૲ଂଐଊ૷ૺ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૹ૲૷଒૶-
૵ૺૼ૲ଋૺຜȥřȫǰʍřɦřȫʍǥƥɰǰȫřຝຄଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃຆ૽૲ଂଐଊ૷ૺ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ
ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଓ૿ૼ૿ૹ૲૷଒૶૵ૺૼ૲ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶-
ૹଂૺ૲ງ૽૲ଂଐଊ૷ૺ૿ଃଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅ૹ૲૷଒૶-
૵ૺૼ૲ଃૺૻૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺຄ

92 93
 AMANITACEAE

૔૗ૢૌ૎ૌૉ૎ૌૉૄ
Grisette
Amanita vaginata

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅
૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿-
૳ૺଃ૲ଃ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺଃ૲૶ଂૹ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎
૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫො฀˥ැຄ෺ຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺ-
ૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂ
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૸ૺ૴૸૲૴ૺଃ૶-
૳ଆଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅଄૿଀ଂ૲ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ງฒຫො෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲଄ଊૺଃଊ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૲ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଂଆଓૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽૲ଋૺ
ຜȥřȫǰʍřɦǥřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૿ଂૺ૷૶ଃ
ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ଖଈ૿૾૵૶ଃ૶ଂૹ૾૲ૺଂૺଇ૶ଂૺଃଈଆ૵ૺຄଂଆଓૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଃ૴૲૾
૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃ૲ଈ૷ଃଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺଋ૶-
ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૽૿ଃଏ૷ଂ૶ଃ຅૲૽ૺ଄૿૽ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૽૿ଆ଎૵૶ૼૺଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૼૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ
ଂଆଓૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

94 95
 AMANITACEAE

૆ૄ૊ૄ૘ૢ૗૎ૌ૕૜ૢૄ૏ૄ
Spring Amanita
Amanita verna

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૻ૷૶-
ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ૲૾૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฆຫො෢˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૳૿ૼ-
ଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
ଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
૲ଂ૲૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺૻૺ૵ૺૹງ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺງොැຫොො˥ฆຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ଆଃଆ૾૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿
ଃଆ૾ૺງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾฀ຫ෢෮ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ
૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆૹ૲૷ૺଃ૲૵૲૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଄ૻૺ-
૷ૺૼૺ຅ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶຅଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲૵૲ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ
૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ૻଂଆ૾଍ଓ૷૲຅૵૲ଆ૿ૻ૶૳૶ૼૺଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺຄଃ૲૽ૺ૵ଉૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴
૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૶ଐଊ૶૳૲૽૿଍૷૶૾૶૳ૺૹૺଆૻ૶ૹ૶ଃ૿૳૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅ଃૺ૾૲૽૵૷ૺૼ૶-
ଋૺ຅ૺ૾଄૶૾ଃૺଆଂ૲૵૽ૺ૽૵ૺ૾૲ଂ૶૿૳ଃଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૵૲ଋૼ૲຅ଂ૲଎ଃ૲૳૿ૼ૿૿૵
ଃଂଆૼ૵૶૳૲ૼ૶଄૲ૼଆଂ૲૵ຄ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଓ૶ૼଋૺଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷ૺૹ
૲ଉ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଓ૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃ૽૲ଋૺ૾૷૶ૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૵૲૳૲૾૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺ૽ૺૻ૿ૼ૿૴ૺຝଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଃ଀૶଎ૺ૲ૼૺଃ଄ૺຟ
૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃଋଓ૲૽૲ଃ૲૵૲ૹ૶ૹଂଋଓ૲૽૲ଃຜȥřȫǰʍřˋǰɰȻʀřຝ૶ଂૹଃ૲૵૲ૺ૽૲૷૶
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૵૽ૺૺ଍૾૶૷ଃຄ૿ଂૺ૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳૶ૼૺ૲૵૲૷ૺ૸ଆ૲-
ૼଆଂ૲૵૽૲ૹૺ૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳૲଎ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૶ଆଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ૿ଂૺ૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲
ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଈ૲૽ૺଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଋૺຄ૲૽ૺ଄૿૽ଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃຆ
ଋଓ૲૽૲ଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲ଈ૷ૹ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ຝଃ૲-
ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ૵૲ຟଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ૲ଈ૷ૹ૷૿ૼ૷૲૵૲຅ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾-
ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૲ଂ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ૹ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

96 97
 AURICULARIACEAE

૛૗૔ૄ૕૑્૑ພ૆ૄ૔ેૄ૏૔ૌેૄ຅્ૄ૞ૌ૕૛૗૔ૄ຅
૛૗૔ૡૄ૖ૄຠ
Jelly Ear
Auricularia auricula-judae

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૲૵૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଃଊଆଂૺଃଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃ຅૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅
଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅෨ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૸૶૵૲૽ଓଂૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૵૲
૽ଓଂૺ૵૲૾ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૵૲ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺଇ૶ଂૺଃ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૽૿ଓଂૺૼૺ຅૿ଂૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ
ො෢ຫොฒ˥෮ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ૼ૲૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૽૿ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲
૵૲ૺૻଆ૽ଋ૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵
ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹ
૵ૺ૵૴ଆૼ૲ଃ૲૵૲૽ଆଂଊ૲૾૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

98 99
 BANKERACEAE

ૌ૔ૈ૏ૄ૕૑્૑ພ૊૚ૄ૔ૅૄ૕૑્૑ຠ
Shingled Hedgehog
Sarcodon imbricatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૲૵૲ැຄ෺ຫ෨ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଉૺ૲
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଆଂ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૵ૺ૵ૺ຅ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺ
ૻଂ૲૽ૺ଄ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ຅૽ଆଈૺଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶-
଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫฌ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽຅ଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽ଆଈૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎૶૾-
଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૲૾૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽-
ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૶ૻૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ຅෺ຫ฀૽૽ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂຫૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງ෺ຫฌຄ෺˥෺ຫฆຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଆଓ૶-
ଋૺ૵૲૽૲૴૲ଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽຅ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

100 101
 BOLETACEAE

ેૄોૉૌ૕૕૑્૑ພેૈેૄૅૈ૔ૄ຅ૅૈૅૈ૔ૄ
૕૑્૑຅્૔ૌૄૐ૖ૈ૎ૌ຅૟ૌ૔ૅ૗્ૄຠ
Penny Bun
Boletus edulis

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෨ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૵૲૾૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૽૵૶ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ຫ
ଔ૶ଂຯଆଇଂ૿૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଃ૲૵૲຅ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂຫ
૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅ଐ૷ૺ૽ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ໲ຯ
૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฌຫ෢ැ˥෨ຫ฀ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅
ଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃງଇ૿ଂ-
૽૲ຆૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵ຯૻ૲ଃଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૴૲ଃଈ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଇଂ૿଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾૵૲ଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૲ଃૺଆଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽ଆଂ૲ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺ-
ૼ૿૳ૺଃ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଏ૲ଂଉ૷૶૳ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૶ଆ૽଍૾૶૷૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૿૵૾૲૷ૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ ଋଂ૶ ොຫ෢ ଃ૽ ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅ ૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ ଈଆ૵ଃ຅
ૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຄૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺૹଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງො෮ຫොฆ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ໲ຯ
ଉଂଆ૳ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງ૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ
ଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૵૲ૹ૷ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૾૲ଉ૷૶ૼ૲
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜô˘ȓȻɦǰȓʢʀǍƥȓȓƥʢʀຝຄ૵૲ૹ૷ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଂ଍૶૳૲ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଓ૿ૼ૿૾૲ଉ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾૽ଐ૲ଂ૶૴૶૽૿ຄ

102 103
 BOLETACEAE

ૠૄૅ૎ૌ૕૘ૈ૔ૌૢૄૉ૕ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Bay Bolete
Imleria badia

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫොฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૵૲૾૽ଆଈ
ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොැ˥ැຄฌຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾
ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾૷ૺଐଂ૿૷૵૶૳૲຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
ଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ
ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොොຫොฆ˥෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒-
૵ૺຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ຫ
ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶૿૵૾૲૷ૼଆଂଔຫ
૵૶૳૲຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃ૶૷૳૲଎૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଇૺ଒૷૶૳ૹ૲૾ຄଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຄଆଊ૷૲ଂଃଓ૲૷ଃૺ૲૾ૺ૵૲૵૲૽ଂ૶଎ૺ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૵૲ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଃ૲ଉ૶૳૲૷૲૵૲଎ງૺଏૼ૶૷૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ
ଇ૶ଂૺଃ଄૿૾૶૳ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଓ૲૷ଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
૵૲ૹ૷ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜ%Ȼȓƥʍʢʀƥƒʢȓǰʀຝ૲૾૾૲ଉ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜô˘ȓȻɦǰȓʢʀǍƥȓȓƥʢʀຝຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂଓ૲૷ଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૲ଂ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ
ଇ૶ଓ૸૶૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺ຅ଓ૿ૼ૿૽ૺଃૺଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଔ૶ଂ
૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ଇ૶ଂଃૺଉ૶૳ଃ຅૽૶ଂ૶ૻૺ૳૲଎૵૶૳૲ຄ

104 105
 BOLETACEAE

ૅૈૅૈ૔ૄ૕૑્૑
Saffron Bolete
Leccinellum crocipodium

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫො෺ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ

૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃ૲૵૲຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯ
૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෢˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଆଈૺ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ ଐ૷ଂૺૼଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ

ଐ૲ଓ૾૲૴૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺଆ૽ૺ ොຄ෺ຫ෢ຄ෺ ଃ૽ ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොොຫොฌ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿૵૲૳૿ૼ૿ଃଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹ૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂଃ૲૵૲ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૳૶૳૶ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૲ଂଊૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋૺ
ຜ‘ƥƇƇǰȫʢȥʀƇřŽɰʢȥຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଈଆ૵ૺ଎૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃ຅ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૲૵૲ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

106 107
 BOLETACEAE

૔૞ૢૌ૎ૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
Leccinellum griseum
ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૸૿૴-
ଔ૶ଂૹଓૺૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺ-
ૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲଒૽ଆ଒૾ଆૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ຫ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૴૲૵૲૳૶-
ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૻ૲૾ૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ଋ૶ૺ଒૽ଆଓ૾૿ଃ૵૲૴૲૽૿଍૾૵૶ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ
૵૲૽ૺૼ૲ૻ૶૳ૺຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෢˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺ-
ૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ૲૾ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅ଏૺ-
ଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૽ૺૼ૶૳ૺ૷ૺଐଂ૿຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺଋଂ૶෢ຄ෺ຫ෨ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫොฒ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ ଓ૵૶૳૲

૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵ଂ଎ଓૺૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଂ଎ଓૺૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૲ଂଊૺଃଏૺଂ૲-
ଋૺຜ‘ƥƇƇǰȫʢȥʀƇřŽɰʢȥຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଈଆ૵ૺ଎૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃ૵૲଒૽ଆ଒૾ଆૼૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿-
૳ૺૻૺଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄଂ଎ଓૺૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ຅
૲ଃ૶૷૶຅૳૶૳૶ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜ‘ƥƇƇǰȫƥȓȓʢȥƇɰȻƇǰɦȻƒǰʢȥຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲-
૷૶૳ૺૹ૲଎຅ଂ଎ଓૺૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଃଇ૶ଓ૸૶૲ଂ૲ଈ૷ଃ૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺຄ

108 109
 BOLETACEAE

ૉૈ૔ૢૉૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
Orange Oak Bolete
Leccinum aurantiacum

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ฀ຫොฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଈૺ
૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵
ଋ૶૽૿଒૵૿૳ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓ૸૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵
ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ ଇ૶ଓଃງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ
ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૽ૺ૽૲૴ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲ଇ૶ଓ૸૶຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଋ૿ଂ૵૶૳૲ງ૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫො฀˥ොຄ෺ຫ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺງ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿૽ଆଂ૲૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲-
ૼ૿຅૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶ଃ૲૽଍૾૶૷ૺૻଆૹଓ૶૶૳ૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ
ଋଂ૶ොຫ෨ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງො෮ຫො฀˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ
૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿଎ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿຅ૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈ-
૵૶૳૲૵૲ଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଋ૶ଂ૶ଆૼ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૷૶ଂଓ૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

110 111
 BOLETACEAE

ૄ૔૛ૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
Brown Birch Bolete
Leccinum scabrum

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૵૲૾૽ଆଈ
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ૲૾ଐ૷ଂૺૼ-
ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
ଃଐ૿ଂૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ฀ຫොฌ ˥ ොຫ෨ ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ

଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾
ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ
ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺଆ૽ૺຯොຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ଈଆ૵ଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງො෢ຫොฌ˥෮ຄ෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ-
૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ૴૲૵૲૳૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼ૶૳ૺଃ
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଓ૵૶૳૲ଉଂଆ૳ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૵૲ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺ-
ૹ૲૵૲૵૲ଂଊ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૲ଂଊૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૳૶૳૶ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺ
ຜ‘ƥƇƇǰȫƥȓȓʢȥƇɰȻƇǰɦȻƒǰʢȥຝ૵૲ଂ଎ଓૺૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋૺຜ‘ƥƇƇǰȫƥȓȓʢȥǒɰǰʀƥʢȥຝຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૲ଂଊૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ
૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

112 113
 BOLETACEAE

ૠૌોૈ૎૘ૈૢૄ૏૗ૢૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
Scarletina Bolete
Neoboletus erythropus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫොฌ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ଉૺ૲ ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇଂૺ૵૲૾ ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ

ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૸૶ૹૺଃଓૺૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງ
ଓ૶ૼૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲૲૾ଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ
૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૸૶૽૿ૹ૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫො෮˥෢ຫ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ૲૾૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૻ૲ଃଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂ૸૶ଐૺૹ૶ૼૺଐૺ૾ଐૻૼ૶૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଈ૶ଂຫ
଎ૼૺૹ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଓ૶ૼૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොොຫො฀˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૾૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺ
ଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃૹ૲૾૲૷૶ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵૽ଆଓ૶૳ૹ૲૾૵૲૾૲ଏ૷૶૳ૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଐૺૹ૶ૼଇ૶ଓ૲૽ଆଓૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜàʢŽɰȻŽȻȓƥʍʢʀʀřʍřȫřʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૲଎૴૲-
૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺૹຄଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
૾૶ૼຫ૾૶ૼ૲ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿
ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

114 115
 BOLETACEAE

૕ૄ૖ૄૐૄ૕૕૑્૑
Devil’s Bolete
Rubroboletus satanas

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ොැຫ෨෺ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅

ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲૾૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿
ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿ຫ
૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ
ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫොฌ˥෮ຫො෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଐૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾૵૲ଏૺଂଋૺ
૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૲ଃଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ
ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅ ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
૳૿ૼ૿ଃຯଉ૷ૺ૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଐૺૹ૶ૼૺຄૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ຫ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຄ
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොොຫො෺˥෮ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒ຫ
૵ૺ໲ຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଈଆ૵ଋૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଇ૶ଓଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૾૶ૼຫ૾૶ૼ૲ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૼଆ-
ଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ૲ଓ૲ૼ૴૲૸ଂ૵૲૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼଃ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૻૺຯ૽ଏ૿ଂૺଃ૲ଂ૲ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ
ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૾૲ૹ૶ૼ
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ૻ૲ଂ૳૿૾૲଄ଆૼ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄ
૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲
૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
ଏૼૺ૶ଂ૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳૲ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ෢ଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૷ૼૺ-
૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅
ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺຝ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଃૺଃଓૼૺ૲૾ૺຟ຅ଂ૲଎ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲ଓ૲૾૴ଂଏૼૺ૷૵૶ଃ฀
ଃ૲૲ૹ૲૽૵૶ຄ૽ଏૺ૽૶ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૶૳ଋૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૵૶ଃૻૺ૵ଆଂ૶૳ૺଃ
૵૲૽૳ૼ૲຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺૹ૲૷ૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ૵૲૴૿૾૶૳ૺଃ૵૲ૻ૲ଂ૴૷૲ຄ
૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଐૺૹ૶ૼଇ૶ଓ૲
૽ଆଓૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋૺຜ¡ƥȻŽȻȓƥʍʢʀƥɰ˘ʍǥɰȻɦʢʀຝ૲૾૽ଆଓૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋૺຜéʢǰȓȓƥȓȓʢʀȓʢɰǰƒʢʀຝຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૾૶ૼຫ
૾૶ૼ૲ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲૵૲૳૿ૼ૿ଃૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

116 117
 BOLETACEAE

૏૗ૢૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
Lurid Bolete
Suillellus luridus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫො෺ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲ ૲૾ ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅
ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෺˥෢ຯ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ
ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૻ૲ଃଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ
૵૲ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺງ
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଏ૲ଂଉ૷૶૳ૺૹ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ-
૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଐૺૹ૶ૼૺງଓ૶ૼૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ
ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫොฆ˥෺ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ໲ຯ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺຯ
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿-
૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ૻ૲ଂ૳૿૾૲଄ଆૼ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽ଆଓૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜàʢŽɰȻŽȻȓƥʍʢʀʀřʍřȫřʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૲଎૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲ଂ૳ૺૼ૿-
૳ૺૹຄଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૾૶ૼຫ૾૶ૼ૲ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲
૵૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲຅૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

118 119
 BOLETACEAE

ૐૄ૚ૉૈ૎ૄ૕૑્૑
Bitter Bolete
Tylopilus felleus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫො෢ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅

଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ
૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ
૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ໲ຯ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫොැ˥ොຄ෺ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺ-
ૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲
ଇ૶ଂૺଃ૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ

ଐ૲ଓ૾૲૴૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງଖૺ૽૶૾ૺଆ૽ૺ෢ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ૹૺૹૺଃ ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ
૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງො෢ຫො෮˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿-
૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ
૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽ଐ૲ଂ૶૴૶૽૿ଃ૴૲૽૿ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼ૲૵ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૲ଂૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ຄ
ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૾૲ଉ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૵૲ૹ૷ૺଃ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜ%Ȼȓƥʍʢʀƥƒʢȓǰʀຝ૲૾ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂଓ૲૷ଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜvȥȓƥɰǰřŽřƒǰřຝຄ
૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૾૲ଉ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

120 121
 BOLETACEAE

ૡ૔ૈ૎ૌૢૄૉ૕ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Red Cracking Bolete
Xerocomellus chrysenteron

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଋଆ૲ଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂຫ
૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૲૵૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૾૲ଓ૶ૹଈ૶૳ଋૺຯ૽૿૷૲ଂຫ
૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ໲ຯ
૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฌ˥ොຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺຯଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଈ૷૶૷ૺૹຯ
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଐ૷ଂૺૼ૵૶૳૲຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଐ૷ଂૺૼ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૻଆૹଓૺ૲૾ૺଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶-
૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅
૴૿૴ૺଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫො฀˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૲૾ଈ૷૶ଋ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ
૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

122 123
 BOLETACEAE

૏ૠૉૄૐૈૢૄૉ૕ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Suede Bolete
Xerocomus subtomentosus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ ຯ ૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺງ ૻૺ૵૶ຆ
଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොැ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲-
ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଐ૷ଂૺૼ૵૶૳૲຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿૴ଂ૶-
ଓૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼૻଆૹଓૺ૲૾ૺଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸-
ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොැຫො෮˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
૿૵૾૲૷ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

124 125
 CANTHARELLACEAE

૏ૌ૙૎ૌ૑ພ૏ૈ૎ૄ્૗ેૄ຅૏ૈ૎ૌ૕૛૗૔ૄ຅
૙ૄોૄ૏ૅૄ૔્ૄ૎ૄຠ
Chanterelle
Cantharellus cibarius

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲ଊ૷ૺૹૼૺ૵૲૾૽ଆଈ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃ-
ଇଂ૲૽૵૶ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲-
ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ଃ૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ
૽ૻ૲ଇૺ૿ଃ૲૸ଉ૷૲ଂૺ૲ଂଋ૶ૺ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅
૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥ොຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૸૶૽૿ૹ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૽૿ૹ
ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଈଆ૵ૺଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅
૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅଍૲૾૴ૼૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૲૵૴૲૾ଋ଄૿૶૳ଆૼૺଏ૲ଂ-
ଉ૷૶૳ૺૹຝ଎ଂଆଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຟຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹ૶૳ૺૹ຅ฆຫොැ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃ
ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଓ૲૷ଃૺ૲૾૵૲଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵
ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ଎ଂଆ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଋૺ
ຜn˘ǒɰȻɦǥȻɰȻɦʀǰʀřʢɰřȫʍǰřƇřຝຄ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଃଈଆ૵ૺଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲຅଎ଂଆ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଃૺ
ຯ૽ଆଈૺ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଃଇ૶ଓૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ૲
૵૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଇଆଊ૶ງ૾૲૽૵૷ૺૼૺ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿૲ଂ૲ଃ૿૵૶ଃૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼ
૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶૵૲଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺૼ଄૿଄૶૳૸૶ຄ

126 127
 CANTHARELLACEAE

૟ૄૅ૔ૄ૕૑્૑
Horn Of Plenty
Craterellus cornucopioides

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿຅
૴૲ଂ૶૵૲૾૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଉଂ૽ଆૼૺ૲-
૾ૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾ଐ૷ଂૺૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଈଆ૵ૺ଀ૺଂ૵૲଀ૺଂ૴૲૵૲૵ૺଃଇ૶ଓଋૺ຅
૽૲ૹଋ૿ଂૺଃ૸ଉ૷૲ଂૺ૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෢˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଈଆ૵ૺ૵૲ଇ૶ଓૺ૴૲ଂ૶૵૲૾૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺଇ૶૾ૺૹ຅ଏ૲ଂଉ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
଎ଂଆଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૲ଂ૴૲૲଍૾ૺ૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොොຫො෨ຄ෺˥฀ຄ෺ຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶-
૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅૽૿ଋ૲૷૿຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵૾ૺ૲૵૲-
૴૸૶຅૽ૹ૲ଋૺ຅଄૶૾ૺ૲૾ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

128 129
 CANTHARELLACEAE

૟ૄૅ૔ૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌ૏ૌ૙૎ૌ૑
Trumpet Chanterelle
Craterellus tubaeformis

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ොຫ෮ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅

૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂຫ
଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଉଂ૽૲૵଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૽ૺૼຫ
૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺ଀ૺଂ૵૲଀ૺଂ૴૲૵૲૵ૺଃ૶ຄଐຄଇ૶ଓଋૺ຅૽૲ૹଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ૻ૲ଇૺ૿
ଃ૲૸ଉ૷૲ଂૺ૲ଂଋ૶ૺ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳૲ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥ැຄ෨ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૴૷૶ଂ૵૶૳ଋૺଋ૶଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺ຅૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ଈଆ૵ଋૺଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲ଓ૷ଂ૶ૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶຅଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଈଆ૵ૺଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅
૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅଍૲૾૴ૼૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૲૵૴૲૾ଋ଄૿૶૳ଆૼૺଏ૲ଂ-
ଉ૷૶૳ૺૹຝ଎ଂଆଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຟຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫොො˥฀ຫොො૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૴૲૽૿ૺଂ଍૶૷૲૿૵૾૲૷ଃ૲ଃૺຫ
૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺૹຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଓ૲૷ଃૺ૲૾૵૲଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵
ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

130 131
 CLAVARIADELPHACEAE

્૑૏ૅૄ૎ૄ૕૑્૑
Truncated Club
Clavariadelphus truncatus

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯૻ૿૽૳ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૻ૷૶ଂૹଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳ૼ૲૴૷ૺૹ૲૷ૺૹ຅૸૶-
૽૿ૹຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૷ૺૹຯ૷ૺଐଂ૿຅෺ຫො෺ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ຅෨ຫฌଃ૽ଃૺ૴૲૾ૺଃ຅
ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲-
଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฒຫො෢˥෺ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶-
ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶૵૲଍૲૽૿-
૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲૶ଂૹ૶ଆૼ
૶૴૸૶૽଀ૼ૲ଂ૶૳૲૵ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶ૼ૿ଋૺૺଋ૷ૺ૲-
ૹ૲૵૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲຅ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

132 133
 CORTINARIACEAE

૆૊ૌ૕૒ૌ૔ૄૄૅ૎ૄૅ૗ેૄ૕૑્૑
Tawny Webcap
Cortinarius callisteus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫฌ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅

૽ଆଈૺ ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଐ૷ଂૺૼ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ଃ૲૵૲ງ ૻૺ૵૶ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ
ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫฒ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺ૲૾૴ଆଂ૸ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸-
ଂ૵ૺૼૺૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฌຫฒ˥ฆຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵ૺ૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲-
ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻૺ૵૶૶૳૸૶૲૾ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ຝ૲૾૶ଂૹ૵ଂ૿ଆૼ૲૵૿ଂૺ૷૶૴૲૾ຟ
૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺຄૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽
ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺଃ૵ૺ૵ૺ૾૲ଐૺૼૺଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຝ૸૿૴ૺ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵૲଎ຟ຅
ଓ૿ૼ૿ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ
૴૲૽૿ଆ଎૵૶ૼૺଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૼૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଂૹଆૼૺ૲૽૲ૹૺ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૺଃ૴૲૾
૴૲ଂ଍૶૷૲຅૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

134 135
 ENTOLOMATACEAE

ૄ૎૗ૅ૎ૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
The Miller
Clitopilus prunulus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫොැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૿૵૾૲૷ ଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ฀˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ໲ຯ
૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૾ଆଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૶ଈ૷ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷ૺଉ૲ଂૺૹງฌຫො෢˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଄ଊૺଃ-
଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ຫ଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲
૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲૲ଂଊૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૲ૼଆ૳ૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾଎ଂଆ
ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺຜDȫʍȻȓȻȥřʀǰȫʢřʍʢȥຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ૲଎຅૲ૼଆ૳ૼૺଃ-
ଏૺଂ૲ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ૲ຄ

136 137
 ENTOLOMATACEAE

૞૔૗૙ૄ૏ૄ
Livid Pinkgill
Entoloma sinuatum

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
૽ଆଂ૲૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ૲૾૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆ-
ଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ
ຯ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ
ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫොැ˥ොຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺ-
ૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅૴૷૶-
ଂ૵૶૳ଋૺଋ૶଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅
૵૲ଇଈ૷ૺૼଆૼૺ૷ૺૹ
ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ૶ଈ૷ଃૻଆૹଓ૲ງฌຫොැ˥ฆຫฌຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ
ຯ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺ-
ଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ
ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶଄ଊૺଃ-
଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ૹૺଓ૾૲ଂ
૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾຅ଂ଎ଓૺૼ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾ຄ
૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲
૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶-
૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆଏૼૺ૶ଂૺૹ૲૷ૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷૳ଂଆଃଓ૷૶૷૲຅૽૶଄૶૿ଂૺ૸૽ૺ຅
૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ૵૲ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶ຄଏૼૺ૶ଂૺૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺૺଃଋ૶૵૶૴ૺ
ૼ૶଄૲ૼଆଂૺ૲ຄ
૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺ
ຜ,řȓȻƇ˘ŽƥǒřȥŽȻʀřຝ຅૲ૼଆ૳ૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଋૺຜ,ȓǰʍȻɦǰȓʢʀɦɰʢȫʢȓʢʀຝ૲૾૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜ,ȓǰʍȻƇ˘ŽƥȫƥŽʢȓřɰǰʀຝຄ૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅଎ଂଆ
ଈ૲૽૲ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૲຅૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૺૻૺຯଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲ଃଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲຅૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૺ
ૻૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງ଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૲ૼଆ૳ૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ
ଇ૶ଓ૸૶૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ૲຅૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૺૻૺຯଆଇଂ૿ଓଋૺଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿
૵૲૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺଇ૶ଓ૸૶ຄ

138 139
 FISTULINACEAE

૚ૉૌ૟૎ૄ૕૑્૑
Beefsteak Fungus
Fistulina hepatica

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෢෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૲૵૲෢ຫ฀ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
ଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽ଆଈૺ ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ
૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૴૲૵૲૵ૺଃ૽૿ૻૼ૶૴૷૶ଂ૵ૺૹଇ૶ଓଋૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૿ଂ଍ૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺଃ଄ଂଆଈ଄ଆଂૺૹଖ૴૲૷ଃ
ଓ૳૿ଃ૶૾૲ଃ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ૲૵૲૿૵૾૲૷ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹૻૺຯ
଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲૵૲૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾૽૿ૻૼ૶૵૲ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૸૶૽૿૵૲૾
ຯଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶૽૿૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૴૷૶ଂ૵ૺૹૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૽ଆଈૺ૳ଆଃଆଃ૶૳ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼૺ૽ૺૼ૲ૻ૶૳ૺ૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૹ૲૾
ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺଋ૶ଆૺ૲ଂ૲ଉ૶૳૶ૼૺૹ૷૲ૼૺૹ૲଎ଋ૶ଃ૲૽଍૾૶૷ૺ૲຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ૶ଂૹૺ૲૾ ૽૲ଃ૲ଃ ૶૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲ງ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ૳૿ૼ૿ଃ ຯ ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ ຯ ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺງ ૹૺૹૺଃ ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ ଓ૵૶૳૲
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅ ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅ ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ ຯ
ଐૺૹ૶ૼૺଇ૶ଂૺଃଐ૷૶ૹ૶૳ૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຄ෺ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿૷૲-
ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐ૷૾ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଃૺଃଓૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଏ૲ଂ-
ଉ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ଍૲૾૲ଂૹ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଐ૲૲૴૲૷ଃ૲ଓ૲ૼଓ૿ଂ଎ଃ૲૾ଉ૷ૺଏૼଃ຅ଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ
ଐૺૹ૶ૼଐ૷૶૾ଃງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ
૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଓ૵૶૳૲૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଂ૿-
૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૽ଆଓ૲ଃ૲૵૲ଐ૲૳ૼ૸૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ
૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲ଆ૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

140 141
 FOMITOPSIDACEAE

ૄ૔૛ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Birch Polypore
Fomitopsis betulina

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯૹ૲ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽ଔ૵૿૽૲ଂ૶຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
ຯ૳ଆଂૹૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲૾૾ૺଁ૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ොැຫ෢ැଃ૽
૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ଉૺ૲૽ଆଂ૲૽૵૶ງ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ
૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૻૺ૵ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼଇ૿ଂૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿૲૾ૻଆૹଓ૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ૲ଓ૲-
ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຄ෺ຫ฀˥ොຄ෨ຫ෢૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૽ૹ૶ૼૺଐૼૺଃ૴૲૾૽૲૷ૼ૿૳૲ଋૺଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅
ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૲ଂଊૺଃଓ૶૶૳૸૶ଃଆ૳૲ૼ଀ଆଂ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૲ଂૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄଏ૷૶ૼ૲૵૽ૺଃ૴૲૾૲૽૸૲૵૶૳૵૾૶૾૲૳૶૵ଃຄଓ૶૷ଃଆ-
ଂ૶ૹଋૺૻૺଃ૲ૹ૲૽૲ଋ૿૳ଆଂૹ૶૳ଃૹૼૺ૵૾૶૾ຄ

142 143
 GLOEOPHYLLACEAE

૙ૈ૔૞૎૑ૉૄૐૌ૘ૌ૔૘ૌ૖્ૅૌ૎ૄ
Scaly Sawgill
Neolentinus lepideus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿-
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ૵ૺ૵ૺ૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶-
ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫොැ˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૲૾૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂଐ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺૻଂ૲૽ૺ଄ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ଉ-
૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૵૲ૻ૳ૺૼଆૼૺૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺૹ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොැຫො෨˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଆଓ૶ଋૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ
ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃ຅૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଇ૶ଓૺ
૿૵૾૲૷ଆଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹଓ૵૶૳૲ૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଔૺଂૻ૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଈଆ૵૶૳ૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ
૴૲ଆ૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

144 145
 GOMPHACEAE

૟ૄ૔૚ૉૄ૕૑્૑
Pig’s Ear
Gomphus clavatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫො෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲-
ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅଍૲ଉଂ૽૲-
૷૶૳ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૴૲૾૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶ଈଆ૵ૺ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૹ૲૾૲૲ૻૺ૵ૺૹଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ෮˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૸૶૽૿ૹຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଈ૷૶-
૽૿ૹຯ૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૳૿ૼ૿૽૵૶૵૲ଉ-
૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹଋૺ૴૲૵૲ଓૼ૲ଂૹଆૼૺଏ૲ଂଉ૷૶૳ૺૹຝ଎ଂଆଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຟ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼຫଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງොැຫො෢˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃ
ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵
ຯଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଓ૲૷ଃૺ૲૾૵૲଄૶૾ૺ૲૾
૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૲ଉ૲ૼ૽ૹ૲ଋૺ૾૲ଏ૷ૹ૲૾૵૲ଃ૿଒ૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽຅ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

146 147
 GOMPHACEAE

૛ૉૌોૈ૎ૌ૕ૄ૝ૈ૝ૈ૎ૄ
ພૌ૔૏ૌ૕૔૙ૄ຅ૌ૔૏ૌ૕૝ૢૄຠ
Changle
Ramaria flava

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૳ଆ଍ଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૲ଂଔ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଆଓ૷૲૵૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺງ
଄૿଄૶૳ૺ૽૶଍ଓଂ૲૵૲૲૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺ૽૿ૻૼ૶຅ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ૸૿૽ૺଃ຅ૺଂ૽ૺଃ
ଂଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳૿ૼ૿૶૳ଋૺ૿ଂ૲૵૴૲ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ຅૳ૼ૲૴૷ૺଐ૷૶ଂૺૹງොැຫ෢ැଃ૽
ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ૲૵૲ොැຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງૻ૲ଋૻ૲ଋ૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾
ଐ૷૶ଂ૿૵૲૾ଈ૷૶૷ૺૹૺଐଊ૶૳ଃ૴૲૽ଆଈ૶૳૲ଃຄૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿-
ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฌ˥෮ຫ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹૻૺଆଓ૶ଋ૵૶૳૲ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲-
ૹ૶૳ଃ૽૿଄ૻ૳૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ฌຫො෺˥෨ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲ଆଆଓ૶ଋ૵૶૳૲ຄ
૴૲૵૲૳૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺ૽૿૽ଐ૲ଂ૿૲຅૴૲૽ଐ૲ଂ૶૳૲ଃૻૺૺଐଊ૶૳ଃ
ଐ૷૶ଂ૿૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ຄ

148 149
 GOMPHACEAE

૏૑ૉૄ૔ેૌ૕૘૔૑૕ૄ૝ૈ૝ૈ૎ૄ
Salmon Coral
Ramaria formosa

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૳ଆ଍ଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૲ଂଔ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଆଓ૷૲૵૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺ຅
ૺଂ૽ૺଃଂଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૷૶ଂ଄ૺૻ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹଆૼૺ຅૳૿ૼ૿૶૳ଋૺ૿ଂ૲૵
૴૲ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૳ૼ૲૴૷ૺଐ૷૶ଂૺૹງ૴ଂଏૺ૷૲૵ຫ૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅ฆຫ෨ැଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ૵૲฀ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅଄૿଄૶૳ૺଃ૳૿ૼ૿૶૳ૺ໲ຯ
ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥෢ຄ෺ຫ
฀໲ଃ૽ງ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲
૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅૽ଐ૲ଂ૶૴૶૽૿ૹૺງ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶-
૳ૺૹଓ૵૶૳૲ଇଓଋ૷૾૲૵ૺ຅଎૲ଂ଎ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼຫଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ฌຫො෮˥෨ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾ଋૺ૵૲຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

150 151
 GOMPHIDIACEAE

ૠૌોૈ૎ૌ૎૑૔ૠ૑ૉૄૐૄ
Copper Spike
Chroogomphus rutilus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫො෢ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ

૽૿ૺ૲ଃ૲૽૾ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૵૲ ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ ૵૲
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺຯଏૼૺ૶ଂ
ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺૺଃ૶૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૵૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶૶ଂૹ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫො฀˥෢ຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ
૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴-
ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿ଉଂ૶଎ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺ
ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ଄૿૷૶૳ଃଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૶૳ଂ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎
૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଂ଍૶૳૲ଂૻ૲ૼૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ ૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ ଋ૿ଂ૵૶૳૲ ଈଆ૵ଃງ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫૺ૲ଃ૲૽૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ
૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૳૿଒ૻ૿ຫ
૷૲૾ૺ૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງො෮ຫ෢෢˥฀ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૲-
૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ຄଈଆ૵ଋૺຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଇ૶ଓଋૺຯ૳૿଒ૻ૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅ૺ૲ଃ૲૽૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇૺ଒૷-
૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

152 153
 GOMPHIDIACEAE

ૐૄ૟ૉૐૄ૔ૈૅૌ૕૎૑૔ૠ૑ૉૄૐૄ
Slimy Spike
Gomphidius glutinosus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ-
૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿-
૳ૺଃ૲ଃ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶૶ଂૹ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾
૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫොැ˥ැຄฆຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૽૿ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଆଈૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ
ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ૲຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ଄૿૷૶૳ଃଃ૲-
ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૶૳ଂ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଂ଍૶૳૲ଂૻ૲-
ૼૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲ଇ૶-
ଂૺଃ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૲૷ૺຄ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲
ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොฆຫ෢෨˥෺ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଈૺ
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂଋૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ-
૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

154 155
 HERICIACEAE

ૈૐૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌૅૄૠૄ૔ૄ
Tiered Tooth
Hericium cirrhatum

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૽ଂ૲૷૲ૼૺ૲ଂଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૿-
ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ො෺ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૵૲෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૸૶૵૲૽ଓ૲ଂ૶
ଔ૲૴ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂ૳ଆଃଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅ଈ૷૶૵૲૽ଓ૲ଂ૶ૻૺ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼૺැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽
ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃଐ૲ଐ૷૶଄૶૳ଆૼૺ૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹଆૼૺ૲ଈ૷૶૽૿ૹຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଂ૳ૺૼຫૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ૽૿ૹ૶-
ૹଂ૿ງଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ૶ଂૹૺ૵ૺ૵ૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෨ຄ෺ຫ෮
˥෨ຫ෨ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૵૲૵૲-
૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଓ૲ଃ૲
૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

156 157
 HERICIACEAE

ૌ૔૏ૌ૕ૅૄૠૄ૔ૄ
Coral Tooth
Hericium coralloides

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯଃ૲ଋଆ૲ૼ૿૵෨ැຫ෮ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶-
૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅૽૲ଂଔ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂ
૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺງ଄૿଄૶૳ૺຯැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼૺ
ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹଆૼૺ૲ଈ૷૶૽૿ૹຄ଄૿଄૶૳ૺ
૴૲૽૿૵ૺଃ଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૲૵૴ૺૼૺ૵૲૾຅ଃ૲ૺ૵૲૾૲଎૶૽૲૴ଂ૶૳૲ଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଃຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ
૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅෨ຄ෺ຫ෮ຄ෺˥෨ຫ෨ຄ෺
૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૵૲૵૲-
૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૺଂ૽ૺଃ૳૲ଐ૲ଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃૻଂ૲૷૲ଋૺ
ຜnƥɰǰƇǰʢȥ̄řǒƥȓȓʢȥຝຄ૽૲ૹଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૴૲-
ଂ଍૶૷૲ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૶ଆଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳ૺ૲૾଀૲଄-
ଂ૿૾૽଎૶૾૲ଂૺૹຄૻଂ૲૷૲૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲૽૲ଉ૲ૼ૽ૹૺ૲૾ଂ૶૴ૺ૿૾૶૳ଋૺ૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳૸૶຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ଃ૿଒૸૶຅૵૲૽ૺଃૺ૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺଆଇଂ૿૴ଂଏ૶ૼૺ૲຅
૷ૺ૵ଂ૶ૺଂ૽ૺଃ૳૲ଐ૲ଂ૲ଃૺຄ

158 159
 HERICIACEAE

૆૗૎ૄ૕૑્૑
Bearded Tooth
Hericium erinaceus

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૴ଆૼૺଃଇ૿ଂ૽ૺଃ຅૽ଃଓૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲૾ଆଇଂ૿૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅
෺ຫ෮ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଓૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૽ૺ૽૲૴ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺଃଆ૳ଃຫ
଄ଂ૲଄ૹ૲૾຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹଆૼૺ຅෢ຫฆଃ૽
ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺ૷ૺૹଐ૲૾૲૸૲ଂ૵૶૳ૺૹຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૶ଂૹૺ૵ૺ૵ૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ
෮ຫ෺ຄ෺˥෺ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅
ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽ଆଓ૲૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

160 161
 HERICIACEAE

્૔ૄૉૄ
Hericium flagellum
૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺ ຯ ଃ૲ଋଆ૲ૼ૿૵ ෢ැຫ෨ැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅
૽૲ଂଔ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂ૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺ຅଄૿଄૶૳ૺැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹଆૼૺ෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺૹງ଄૿଄૶૳ૺ
૴૲૽૿૵ૺଃ૶ଂૹૺ଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲૵૴ૺૼૺ૵૲૾຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺૹ૲଎
૽ૺ૽૲૴ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲ଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଃຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ
૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅෺ຫ฀˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૵૲૵૲-
૽଀૲ૼଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଃ૿଒૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૻଂ૲૷૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃૺଂ૽ૺଃ૳૲ଐ૲ଂ૲ଋૺ
ຜnƥɰǰƇǰʢȥƇȻɰřȓȓȻǰƒƥʀຝຄૺଃૺ૾ૺૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵ଖ૴૷૲૾૲૾૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹଃ຅ଂ૿૽૴૲-
ଂ଍૶૷૲ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૶ଆଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳ૺ૲૾଀૲଄-
ଂ૿૾૽଎૶૾૲ଂૺૹ૲૵૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૸૿૽ૺૹຄૻଂ૲૷૲૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲૽૲ଉ૲ૼ૽ૹૺ૲૾
ଂ૶૴ૺ૿૾૶૳ଋૺ૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳૸૶຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଃ૿଒૸૶຅૵૲૽ૺଃૺ
૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺଆଇଂ૿૴ଂଏ૶ૼૺ૲຅૷ૺ૵ଂ૶ૺଂ૽ૺଃ૳૲ଐ૲ଂ૲ଃૺຄ

162 163
 HYDNACEAE

ૌ૔૏ૌ૕૖૗૝ૄ
Wood Hedgehog
Hydnum repandum

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෮ຫො฀ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ

૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽ຫ
૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷଍૲଒ଊૼ૶ຫ
଄ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ
૲૾૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૶ૻૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງଇ૶ଓૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ෢ຫฆ૽૽ຄଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ຅
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲૾૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຄ෺ຫฒ˥෺ຄ෺ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ໲ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽଄૷ଂ૶૷૲૵ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଆଓ૶-
ଋૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

164 165
 HYDNANGIACEAE

૏ૄ૔૖ૌ૑
Deceiver
Laccaria laccata

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොຫ෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૲૽ૺ૾૵ૺଃ૽ૺଓ૶૵૷ૺૹૺ଎૷ૼ૶૳૲຅ଖ૲૶ଂૺଃ
ଃ૲ଋଆ૲ૼ૿଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
ଓ૿ૼ૿૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵૶૳ଋૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿-
૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૿૵૾૲૷ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ૲૾ଓ૲૿ૺ૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶-
ૼૺ຅ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ຅૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫොැ˥ැຄ෨ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺຯଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲-
ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫଓ૿ଂ଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿
ଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆ˥ොැ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾
૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

166 167
 HYGROPHORACEAE

૆૗૔૊ૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌ્૎ૌ૖૑૞ૌૅૈ
Club Foot
Ampulloclitocybe clavipes

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫ฀ଃຄ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺ໲ຯ
ଆଇଂ૿ ଉૺ૲ ଇ૶ଂૺଃງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺຝଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺຟ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฌ˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺ-
ଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼຫ૴૲૳૶ଂૺૼૺ຅૴ଆଂ૸ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺຝଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺຟ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଃ૲ଋଆ૲ૼ૿૵૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶-
ૹଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲-
૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅෺ຫฆ˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽૲-
ଉ૲ૼ૽ૹૺ૲૾ଂ૶૴ૺ૿૾૶૳ଋૺ຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅
ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ଋ૶૴૷ଓ૷૵૶ଃଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ଎ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૹ૲૾૶ଂૹ૲૵૽ૺଃૺ૽ૺଉ૶૳૲ૺଐຫ
૷૶૷ଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺ૲ଃ຅ଂૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺ଎ຯଏૼૺ૶ଂૺૹ૲૷ૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅
૴૲ଏૼૺ૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ଀ଆૼଃ૲଎ૺ૲ૹ૲૷ૺଃ૲૵૲ૻૺଃଂૺଃ૲ଂ૶ଋૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ૻૺ
ଓ૶ૼ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶ଋଆ଀૶૳૲ຯ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲෢ຫฆଃ૲૲ૹଋૺຄ

168 169
 HYGROPHORACEAE

ૠૌોૈ૎ૌ૤ૌ૆૔૑૞ૌૅૈ
Scarlet Waxcap
Hygrocybe coccinea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫ෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଐૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଋ૶-
૽૵૶૴ຯଊ૷ૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૸૿૴-
ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฆ˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଐૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅଎૷ૺૼૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫොැ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
૳૲ૼ૲ଓ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຄଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ૻ૶ଂଏ૶૳ૺଃ
૴૲ଃ૲ଇ૿ଂ૽૶૳ૼ૲૵ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ຄ

170 171
 HYGROPHORACEAE

ૉૌ૔ૌ૕ૣૌ૏૎ૄ
Blackening Waxcap
Hygrocybe conica

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫ෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺଃૻ૶૾ ຯ ଆଇଂ૿ ଉૺ૲຅ ૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ ૵૲
૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂଃૺଏ૶૾ଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺૻ૿૾ଆଃૺຫ
ଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ຅ଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଐ૷ૺ૽ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅
ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ෢ຫොැ ˥ ැຄ෨ຫො ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ ૲૾ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ

૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲຅૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂଃ
ૺଏ૶૾ଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅
૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲૾
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૵૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ
ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ଋ૲૷૿ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫොො˥෮ຄ෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ
ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶૵૲૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૽૵૶ૼ૿-
૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

172 173
 HYGROPHORACEAE

ૢ૔ૄ૜૗ૐૄ૕ૈૅ૔ૌ૤ૌ૆૔૑૘૑૔૗૕ૌ
ພૢ૑ૢૅૌ૕૏્ૈ૔ેૄຠ
Pinkmottle Woodwax
Hygrophorus russula

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ฆຫො෺ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅

଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺຯଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ຅ଉ૷ૺ૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺຯ૾૲૸ૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅ଐ૷ૺ૽ૺ૲૾
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ຫૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫฌ˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺ-
ૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૵૲૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଇ૲ଂ૶૳૲૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿
ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฌ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

174 175
 HYGROPHOROPSIDACEAE

૞૔૗૏ૌ૙૎ૌ૑
False Chanterelle
Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂૺଃૻ૶૾
ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃຯଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲-
૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽ଆଈૺງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅଍૲૾૴ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂ
૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺ຅૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଇ૲ଂૹ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฌ˥෢ຄ෺ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଈଆ૵ૺଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺງ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૵૲૽଀૲ૼଓ૶૶૳૸૶
૵૲૽૲ૹ૲ଓૼ૿ଃ຅଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅
૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଋૺ଎ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶-
ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲૵૲૴૲ଃ଄ଂ૿૶૾଄૶ଂૺ଄ૺຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ଎ଂଆ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଋૺ
ຜ,řȫʍǥřɰƥȓȓʢʀ ƇǰŽřɰǰʢʀຝຄ ଎ଂଆ ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଃ ଈଆ૵ૺ ૽ଆଈૺ ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ
ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲຅ ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଃૺ ૻૺ ຯ ଆଇଂ૿ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຄ ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ଃ ଇ૶ଓૺ
ଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ૲૵૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଇଆଊ૶ຄ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿૲ଂ૲ଃ૿૵૶ଃૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲
૵૲૽଀૲ૼ૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶૵૲଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺૼ଄૿଄૶૳૸૶ຄ

176 177
 HYMENOGASTRACEAE

ૄ૔૜ૌૄૐૌ૆ૄ૎ૈ૔ૌૐૄ
Funeral Bell
Galerina marginata

ଈଆ૵ૺຯැຄ෺ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺ຅ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ
ଂ૴૿ૼ૶૳ૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆ-
ଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅૽૳૸ૺ૾૲૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲-
૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૽଒૷ૺଂ૷૲ૼ૶
ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫฌ˥ැຄ෢ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૷ૺૹຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૷ૺૹຯ૵૲ଇଈ૷ૺૼଆૼૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૷૶૷ૺૹ
ຯ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺૹ૶ૹଂૺଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯଇૺଂଇૺ଄૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૽૲ૼ૶ଈଂ૶૳૲
૵૲૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଇ૶ଓ૸૶ଂ଍૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଐଂૺଆૼૺ૾૲଒૵૶૷ૺຄ
ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૷ૺଐଂ૿຅ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଆଈૺଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺຄ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ
૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૲଀ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૾ଆଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ฌຫො෺˥෺ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿-
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲-
଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ
ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૵૲૽଀૲ૼ຅ଓଂଐ૾૲૵૽૶ଂ-
ଈ૲૾૸૶຅ଔૺଂૻ૷૶૳૸૶૵૲૽૲ૹ૲ଓૼ૿ଃ຅଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺૼ଄૿଄૶૳૸૶ຄ
૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲
૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଋଓ૲૽૲ଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૲૵຅ଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ
૲૽૲଄૿ଈଃૺ૾૶૳ଃຄ෨ැ૴ଂ૲૽ૺຝ෢ຫ෨૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຟଃ૲ૻ૽૲ଂૺଃૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ
ଃૺૻ૷૵ૺૼૺຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾ොැຫො෮ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺଃ૲૵૲૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶຅଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲૵૲ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ
ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ૻଂଆ૾଍ଓ૷૲຅૵૲ଆ૿ૻ૶૳૶ૼૺଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺຄ
ଃ૲૽ૺ૵ଉૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃ૶ଐଊ૶૳૲૽૿଍૷૶૾૶૳ૺૹଆૻ૶ૹ૶ଃ૿૳૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽຅
ଃૺ૾૲૽૵૷ૺૼ૶ଋૺ຅ૺ૾଄૶૾ଃૺଆଂ૲૵૽ૺ૽૵ૺ૾૲ଂ૶૿૳ଃଉ૷ૺଏૼૺଃ૵૲ଋૼ૲૵૲ଃଂଆૼຫ
૵૶૳૲ૼ૶଄૲ૼଆଂ૲૵ຄ
૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃ
ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜ`ȓřȥȥʢȓǰȫřˋƥȓʢʍǰɦƥʀຝ૲૾૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଋૺຜʢƥǥȫƥɰȻȥ˘Ƈƥʀ
ȥʢʍřŽǰȓǰʀຝຄ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଈଆ૵ૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ૲૵૲଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૶૳ଃ຅૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ
૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଃૺૻૺ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ૲૵૲૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇ૶ଓૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ
ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ૲຅૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଃଇ૶ଓૺૻૺ૲ଂ૲ଃ૵ଂ૿ଃ૲૲ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺງ
૲ଂଋૺ૲૾૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଃ૲૵૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵
૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૽૿଎૵ૺૼଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૶ૼଃ૲଎ૻૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹଋૺຄଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃຆ૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳૸૶ຄ

178 179
 HYMENOGASTRACEAE

૞૔૗ૢ૔ૄ૜૗ૐૄ
Poisonpie
Hebeloma crustuliniforme

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫฌଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋଆ-
૲ଋૺଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅૽૳૸ૺ૾૲૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥ොຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵-
ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ૺଊ૿ଃ૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼ-
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅
૲ଂ૲ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺૹ຅ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲ງ ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ ૴૲૽଒૷ૺଂ૷૲ૼ૶
ଐ૷૶ૹ૶૳ଃ຅ ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎ ૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ଄૿૷૶૳ଃ ૽ଆଂ૲ ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ଃຄ
ଐ૷૶ૹ૶૳ૺଃ૲૷ଃ૶૲૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ଆૼૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૾ଆଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງොැຫො෢˥෺ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿-
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૳૿-
ૼ૿ૻૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૸૲૽ૹ૲-
ଂଋૺ଎૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂ-
ૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾෨ຫ෮ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ
ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ૵૲ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲ຄ

180 181
 INOCYBACEAE

૒ૄ૖૗ૌૄ૔ૌ૕ૅ૑ૡ્૑ૉૄૐૄ
Deadly Fibrecap
Inocybe erubescens

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฒଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅
૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૿૾ଆ-
ଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ
૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺຯ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ
૳૿଒ૻ૿૶૳ૺૹ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲-
ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫොැ˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾ଃ૲૷ଃ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺງොැຫො෨˥෺ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ଆଃଆ૾૿૲຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹૻૺ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲-
૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺ-
ଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅
଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૽૲ଃଋૺ෢ැຫଔ૶ଂଆଇଂ૿૽૶଄ૺ
ଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺଃ૽ଆଃૻ૲ଂૺ૾ૺ૲຅૷ૺ૵ଂ૶଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ଋૺງ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴
૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂૺଃ૲૲ૹૺ૵૲૾૿ଂૺଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋଆ૲ૼ૶૵ଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૲ଂ଄૶ଂૺଆૼૺଐ૾૶૷ૺଃ૷૲ଂ૵૾૲຅૴ଆ-
ૼૺଃଂૺ଄૽ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ଃଆ૾ૹଈ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଏ૾૶ૼ૶૳૲຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૵૲ଂ-
ଉ૷૶૷૲૵૲ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଎ૺ૶૳૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽૲૽૴૷૲ଂૺଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺଃ૾૲ଐૺૼૺ
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຝ૸૿૴ૺ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵૲଎ຟ຅ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲
ૻૺૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૽૿ଊ૷૲ଂଆૼૺଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૼૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଂૹଆૼૺ૲
૴૲ଂ଍૶૷૲຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

182 183
 INOCYBACEAE

૏ૌૠૌ૕ૈ૗૎ૌૅ૑ૡ્૑ૉૄૐૄ
White Fibrecap
Inocybe geophylla

ଈଆ૵ૺຯැຄ෺ຫ෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺຯ
૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ૳૿଒ૻ૿૶૳ૺૹ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ଀ଂૺ-
૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲-
ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫ฀˥ැຄ෢ຫැຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿-
ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲-
૷ૺ૵૲૾૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯૹૺଓૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺງฌຫොො˥෺ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૽ૺଐૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶-
ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳ૺૼૺૻ૶૳ૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶-
૾૿૳ૺૹ૽ଆଃૻ૲ଂૺ૾ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂૺଃ૲૲ૹૺ૵૲૾૿ଂૺଃ૲૲ૹૺଃ
ଋଆ૲ૼ૶૵ଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅
૲ଂ଄૶ଂૺଆૼૺଐ૾૶૷ૺଃ૷૲ଂ૵૾૲຅૴ଆૼૺଃଂૺ଄૽ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ଃଆ૾ૹଈ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଏ-
૾૶ૼ૶૳૲຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଎ଂ૶૽ૼ૵૶૾૲຅૾૶ଂଐଊ૷૵૶૾૲
૵૲૿ଇૼૺ૲૾૿૳૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽૲૽૴૷૲ଂૺଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺଃ૾૲ଐૺૼૺ
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຝ૸૿૴ૺ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵૲଎ຟ຅ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲
ૻૺૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૽૿ଊ૷૲ଂଆૼૺଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૼૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଂૹଆૼૺ૲
૴૲ଂૻ૷૶૷૲຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

184 185
 INOCYBACEAE

ૠૉૈ૖ૌૄૐૌૅ૑ૡ્૑ૉૄૐૄ
Split Fibrecap
Inocybe rimosa

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฆଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲ଇૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଈૺ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺຯ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ૳૿଒ૻ૿૶૳ૺૹ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅
૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଉଂ૽૲૵૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฒ˥ැຄ෢ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຫૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿
૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺງฌຫො෺˥฀ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇ-
ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଋ૶ૺ଎૲૷ଃ૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹ૽ଆଃૻ૲ଂૺ૾ଃຄ૽ૺ-
ଉ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂૺଃ૲૲ૹૺ૵૲૾૿ଂૺଃ૲૲ૹૺଃଋଆ૲ૼ૶૵ଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲
૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺຆଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૲ଂ଄૶ଂૺଆૼૺଐ૾૶૷ૺଃ૷૲ଂ-
૵૾૲຅૴ଆૼૺଃଂૺ଄૽ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅ଃଆ૾ૹଈ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଏ૾૶ૼ૶૳૲຅૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ
૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲૵૲ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ଎ૺ૶૳૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽૲૽૴૷૲ଂૺଃଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺଃ૾૲ଐૺૼૺ
ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຝ૸૿૴ૺ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵૲଎ຟଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲
ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૽૿ଊ૷૲ଂଆૼૺଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૼૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଂૹଆૼૺ૲
૴૲ଂૻ૷૶૷૲຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾૲ଃ૿ૻ૿૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ຄ

186 187
 LYOPHYLLACEAE

૏ૄૌ૕ૌ૕૕૑્૑
St. George’s Mushroom
Calocybe gambosa

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଉૺ૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼ-
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฌ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૺଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹଇ૲ଂૹ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺງ෺ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂ
ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼ૸૶૵૲ຯ૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૽૵૶-
ૼ૿૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄଓଋૺଂ૲૵ଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾଎ଂଆ
ଈ૲૽૲ଋૺຜDȫʍȻȓȻȥřʀǰȫʢřʍʢȥຝຄଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૲຅૽૲-
ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૺૻૺଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲ຄ଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲ଃଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ
૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲຅૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૺૻૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺຄ

188 189
 LYOPHYLLACEAE

ૣ૆૗૘૗૔ૄ
Clustered Domecap
Lyophyllum decastes

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵
૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼຫ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૿૵૾૲૷ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૸૶૽૿ૹ૴૲૵૲ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොැ˥ැຄ෺ຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૲
ଃଓ૷૲ଇ૶ଓ૶૳ૹ૲૾ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆ-
ଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ຄ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଔ૴ଆ-
ଇ૶૳૲૵຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ૲૵૲຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵຅
૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ଆૼ૴ଂଆ૾଄૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

190 191
 MARASMIACEAE

ૣૌ૏૎ૄ૕૏ૄ૖૛૗ૄ૔ૄ
Marasmius collinus
ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫ෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ଄ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૾૶-
ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૽ଆଈૺଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲૾ૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
ଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૽૿૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺ຅૲૵૷ૺ-
ૼ૲૵ૺଔૺଂଔ૷ૼ૶૳૲ଐଊૼૺૹງ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺ-
ଂૺૹ຅૴૷૲ૼ૷૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯ૵૲଒૽ଆ଒૾ଆૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃ૲૵૲຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ
૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫොැ˥ැຄ෢ຫැຄ฀ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૵૲ଇଈ૷ૺૼଆૼૺ૷ૺૹ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૳ଆଃଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૷૶ଇଆଊ૶຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵
૽଄૷ଂ૶૷૲૵ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾
ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫොැ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ໲ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃງ
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ૺ૷ଂૺଃ૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶ଃ૲૽଍૾૶૷ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺງଓଋૺଂ૲૵
ଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૲ଂૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૽ଃଆ૳ଆଈૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺ૲ଃ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ
଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺૹ૲૵૲ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺૹຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଔૺ૽ૼ૲-
ଋૺຜřɰřʀȥǰʢʀȻɰƥřƒƥʀຝຄ૽૲ૹଋ૿ଂૺଃ૷ૺ૸ଆ૲ૼଆଂૺ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵
૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૽૿଎૵ૺૼ૽૲ଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૶ૼ૽૲଎ૻૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૷૶ଂ
૴૲૲ଂ଍ૺ૿ଃຄଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ଃ຅ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૲ଈ૷ଃ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଇଆଊ૶ଇ૶ଓૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵଄ଊ૵૶૳૲຅ଓ૿ૼ૿ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଃ૵૲ૻଂ૲૷ଃ
૾ૺ૷ଂૺଃ૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶ଃ૲૽଍૾૶૷ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଐଊ૲ଂ૿ຆǫʚʚɱʌຆທທȭŚȳŚʚŚɼȕŚຄɄɼǗທ

192 193
 MARASMIACEAE

ૣૌ૏૎ૄພૠ્૔ૌૄ૎ૄ૕૑્૑຅ૣૌ૏૎૑ૉૄૐૄຠ
Fairy Ring Champignon
Marasmius oreades

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫ෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૺૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૹૺଓૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
ଐଂૺଆૼૺଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳-
ଂૺ૲૾ૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ
૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૽૿૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺ຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ૺଔૺଂଔ૷ૼ૶૳૲ଐଊૼૺૹ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾-
૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૾૵૲ૻ૳ૺૼଆૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫොැ˥ැຄ෢ຫැຄ฀ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓଂ଄ૺ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵૲ଂ଄ଊ૵૶૳૲຅
ૺ૴ଂૺଓ૶૳૲ຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅
૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫොැ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ໲ຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃງ
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄଓଋૺଂ૲૵ଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃ
ଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ଋૺ
ຜřɰřʀȥǰʢʀƇȻȓȓǰȫʢʀຝຄ૽૲ૹଋ૿ଂૺଃ૷ૺ૸ଆ૲ૼଆଂૺ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳૲ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ-
૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽૴૲૽૿଎૵ૺૼ૽૲ଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૶ૼ૽૲଎ૻૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૷૶ଂ૴૲૲ଂ଍ૺ૿ଃຄ
ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ଃ૲ଈ૷ଃ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ଇ૶ଓૺ຅
ଓ૿ૼ૿ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଃ૵૲ૻଂ૲૷ଃ૾ૺ૷ଂૺଃ૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶ଃ૲૽଍૾૶૷ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄଔૺ૽ૼ૲
ଖ૴૲૷ଃ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ૲଎ຜc˘ȥȫȻɦʢʀƒɰ˘Ȼɦǥǰȓʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎຅
ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲଄ଊ૶ଋૺ૵૲૴૲૽૿ૺଂ-
଍૶૷૲ଓଋૺଂૺ૵૲ૹଓ૶ૼૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺૹຄ

194 195
 MARASMIACEAE

૕ૄૐૈ૎ૈૅૈ૎ૄ
Garlic Parachute
Mycetinis alliaceus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫ෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲ଊ૲-
૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૶૳૸૶ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ૻ૿૾ଆଃଆଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଈ૿ૼ૴ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ
૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଋૺଋ૷૶ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ
ຯ૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૵૲଒૽ଆ଒૾ૺૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૿૵૾૲૷
૴૲૽଒૷ૺଂ૷૲ૼ૶຅૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෺˥ැຄොຫැຄ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅ଈଆ૵ૹ૲૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲
ଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଃଈ૶ૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ૽ଊ૲ଂૺ຅ ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅ ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૵
૵૲૽଄૷૶ଂૺૼຫଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺ-
ଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ૻૺ૵ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૾ଆଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫොො˥฀ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ૺ૷ଂૺଃ
ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶຅
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଃ૲૾૶ૼ૶૳ૼ૲૵ຄ

196 197
 MARASMIACEAE

ૐૌ૑૔ૄ૕૑્૑
Vampires Bane
Mycetinis scorodonius

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොຫ෨ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫૹ૲૽૳૲ଈ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ଋૺ ଆଇଂ૿ ଉૺ૲ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ
଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺ૲૾૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾
ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ຫ૾૲૿଒ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૲૿ૺ૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૸૶૽૿ૹ૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅
૾૲૿଒ૺ૲૾ຫ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥ැຄොຫැຄ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃ૽ଓ૲ଂ૶ଃଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଉଂଆૺ૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫฒ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ૺ૷ଂૺଃ૽ૻ૷૶-
ૹଂ૲૵૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺ຅ଂ૲଎૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃૻૺ૵૶૷ଆଇଂ૿૽ଏ૲ଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶૵૲
ૼ଀૿૳૲૵૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଃ૲૾૶ૼ૶૳ૼ૲૵ຄଓ૲ଂଋ૷ૺ-
ଃ૲ଃ૾ૺ૷ଂૺଃଃଆ૾ૺଈଂ૶૳૲຅ଓ૿ૼ૿૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃଆଇଂ૿૽ଏ૲ଇଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

198 199
 MERIPILACEAE

ૢ૗ૡ૗ૡૄૄૅૈેૄ
Hen of the Woods
Grifola frondosa

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૳ଆ଍ଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳ଂ૿ૻ૿ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງଋ૶૵૴૶૳૲଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂ
ଉ૶ଂଏ૸૶ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ଂ૿૸૶଄૲૵ଋ૶ૻଂ૶૳ૺૼૺ૽૲ଂ૲૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
ଈଆ૵૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾ງ૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૺૹຄଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫො෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૵૲
෺ຫොැ૽૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅ଃଓ૷૲૵૲ଃଓ૷૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ૸૿૾૶૳ૺૹ຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺຫ
ଃଇଂ૿૵૲૾૽ଆଈଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ຫ
૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૻૺ૵ૺ૲૾ૺຄ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺො෺ຫ෺ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ
૵૲ොැຫ෢෺ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૼ૲૳ૺଂૺ૾ૹૺຫ
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶૳૿ૼ૿૽૵૶૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲ຫ
૾૶૳ૺૹ໲ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຫฆ˥෨ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ૺ૴૷૸ૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૶૶-
૳ૺଃଏૺଂ૶૳૸૶຅૵૲૽଀૲ૼ૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶຅ଔૺଂૻ૶૳૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵૽ଆଓ૲૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽຅ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅
ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

200 201
 MERIPILACEAE

૆ૌ૆ૄૐ૖૗૔ૌૄૅૈેૄ
Giant Polypore
Meripilus giganteus

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯଋ૶૵૴૶૳૲૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૹ૲૾ଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ଂ૿૸૶଄૲૵
ଋ૶ૻଂ૶૳ૺૼૺ૽૲ଂ૲૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺଈଆ૵૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૾ງଈଆ૵ૺຯොැຫ෺ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૵૲
ොຫ෨ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅ଃଓ૷૲૵૲ଃଓ૷૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ૸૿૾૶૳ૺૹ຅଍૲ૼૺଃଇଂૺ-
૵૲૾૽ଆଈଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶ງ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૻૺ૵ૺ૲૾ૺງ
૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ෺ැຫො෺ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૵૲෺ැຫฒැଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲-
ଉૼૺଃ຅ଐ૿૾૲ຯොැຫ෺ැૻ૴ຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ଐ૷ଂૺૼଇ૿ଂૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽଒ૺ૵ଂ૿૵૴૲૾-
ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺ຅෨ຫ෺૽ૺૼ૲ૻૺො૽ૺૼૺ૽૶଄ଂ૸૶຅ଋ૶ଆૺ૲ଂ૲ଉ૶૳૶ૼૺૹ૷૲ૼૺૹ
ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૶ଆ૽଍૾૶૷૶ૼૺ຅ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૶ଂૹ૴૷૲ଂ૿૷૲૾૽૲ଃ૲ଃ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
ૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૶ଂૹૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෺ຫ฀ຄ෺˥෮ຄ෺ຫ฀
૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૴૲૵૲-
଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲૵૲ૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ
૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଆଓ૶ଋ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૶૶-
૳ૺଃଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳૸૶຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽૴૲૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

202 203
 OMPHALOTACEAE

૆ૄ૊ૄ૘ૢ૗૎ૌ૕૏ૄૐૡ્ૉૄ૎ૄ
Russet Toughshank
Gymnopus dryophilus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଖ૲૶ଂૺଃ଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૿૳ૺ૵૲૾૴૲૽૿૽૵ૺ૾૲ଂ૶຅
ଇ૶ଂଃ ૺ଎૷ૼૺଃ ଍૲ૼૺଃଇଂૺ૵૲૾ ૽ଆଈ ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૽૵૶຅
଎૶૾଄ଂૺଃૻ૶૾ ଆଇଂ૿ ૽ଆଈૺ ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ
૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺຝଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺຟ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฌ˥ැຄ෢ຫැຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ ૿૵૾૲૷ ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽ଃଓૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫ฀˥෢ຫ෨૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ
૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽ૺଃ଍૲ૹ૷ૼૺૹ૵૲૽଀૲ૼ
ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଈଆ૵ૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଆଓ૶ଋૺ૲ଈ૷ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଋૺຜřɰřʀȥǰʢʀȻɰƥřƒƥʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎຅૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾
૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଆଇଂ૿૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૵૲૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ૲ଈ૷ଃຄଔૺ૽ૼ૲຅
ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶૵૲ଉૺ૲૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ

204 205
 OMPHALOTACEAE

ોૌોૌ૕૖ૄ૔ૄ્૑૎ૌૅૌૄ
Spindle Toughshank
Gymnopus fusipes

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ຅૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶-
૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ
૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅
ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງ૴૷૲ૼ૷૶૳ૺଃ૵ଂ૿ଃຯଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ଄૲-
ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฌຫො෢˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ຅
ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽ଆଂ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂ
ଐ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଉଂ૽૲૵଍૲૽ଔ૵૲ଂૺଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ଋૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓଂ଄ૺૼ૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૾૲ଐૺૼ૿૳ଂૺ૷ଋ૶૸-
ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෮ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଆଓ૶ଋૺງ૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎
଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଔૺଂૻ૶૳૸૶຅ଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳૸૶຅ଏૺ-
ଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽ଆଓ૲ଃ૲૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଈଆ૵ૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଆଓ૶ଋૺ૲ଈ૷ଃຄ

206 207
 PAXILLACEAE

૏૗૔૛ૐૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄ
Alder Bolete
Gyrodon lividus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫො෢ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅

଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ ଋଆ૲ଋૺ ૿૵૾૲૷ ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ෺˥෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲
ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃ૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺ
ଈଆ૵ૺଃ૴૲૾຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺ ૼ૲૳ૺଂૺ૾ૹૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ଇ૶ଓ૸૶

ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ ૹૺૹૺଃ ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ ଓ૵૶૳૲
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾ଓଆ૾૵૶૳૲຅ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ
ଋଂ૶ૹଓ૶ૼૺຯ෺૽૽ຄଃૺଃଈૺଃ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຫ฀ຄ෺˥෨ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଈଆ૵ଋૺຯଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૿૵૾૲૷ૼଆଂଔ૵૶૳૲ຄଇ૶ଓଋૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૵૲૴૲૵૲଄૶-
ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶૽ଆଂଊ૾૲-
ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽ૺૻ૿ଂૺ૸૲ଃଈ૽૾ૺଃ૽ଆଂଊ૲૾ૹ૲૾ຄ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅ଋ૶૴ຫ
ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

208 209
 PAXILLACEAE

૚૑૔ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Brown Roll Rim
Paxillus involutus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොැຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺຯଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳-
ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ૵૲଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
ଉଂ૽૲૵ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฌ˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ-
૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଊ૲ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲-
૷૲ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ଃງ૽ଆଂ૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺງૹૺૹૺଃ
૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫොැ˥෮ຄ෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ଇ૲ଋ૲ଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ-
૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଄૶૾ૺ૲૾
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଓ૲૷ଃૺ૲૾ૺଓ૶૶૳ૺଃଏૺଂ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଂ૲૽૵૶૾ଔ૶ଂ૽૶
૽ૺଉ૶૳૲૲ଂૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ଃ຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽଄૿ଈଃૺૻଆଂૺ૾ૺ-
૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ૺ૿ଂ૴૲૾ૺ૸૽ଋૺૹ૲૾૵૲ૹ૲૾૴ଂ૿૷૵૶૳૲૵૲૽૿ଂૺ૴ૺ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃ
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴຅૵૲૲ଓૼ૿૶૳ૺૹ຅ଃ૲૽ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ
ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଃ଀૲૸૽ଆଂૺ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼ૶૳ૺ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ૲ଂ૶ଋૺ຅ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅
ଃૺଃଆଃ଄૶຅ૻૺ૵ଆଂ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲଎ૺ૶૳૲૵૲଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺଐ૶ૼૺଃ૲ଂ૶ଋૺຄ૽ଏૺ૽૶ଋ૶૽-
ૹଓ૷૶૷૶૳ଋૺ૷ૺૹ૲ଂ૵૶૳૲ૹૺଂૻ૽ૼૺଃଆૻ૽૲ଂૺଃ૿૳૲ຄ

210 211
 PHALLACEAE

૙ૉૈ૛ૐૌ૕૆૗૎ૌພ૕ૄે૏ૄ૏૆૎ૌૣૈ຅
૏૗૞ૈ૎૆ૉ૔ૈ૏ૌૄຠ
Stinkhorn
Phallus impudicus

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺ ຯ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ຫૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ෺ຫ฀ ଃ૽

૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૿ଂૺ૴૲ଂଃૺૹ຅૴૲ଂ૶ૹ૲૴૲ଂଃૺ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૲຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺૹ૲ૻૺຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺຯଇ૶ଃ૷ૺຫ
ଃ૶૳ଆଂૺ຅૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ૺଃଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺૹຄ૲૽ଃ଄૲૵ૺ૲ଋૺଃ૿ૻ૿ଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶ૻ૷ૺଂ૲૲
૴૲଍૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺຄଋ૶૽૵૶૴຅ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃૻ૵૶૳૲૵૲ૺଈૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲෢ැଃ૽
ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ૵૲෮ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ
ଇ૶ଓૺ຅ૹ૲૷ଋૺଈଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଐ૲ଂ૽૿૾૲ଈ૽૾ૺૹຄଇ૶ଓૺଉଂଆ૳ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇ૲ଋ૲ଂૺ
૵૲ଉଂଆૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹຄଈଆ૵ૺ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲຅
෮ຫ෺ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૵૲૾૸૶ૹૺଃଓૺૼૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶຅ଇૺ଒ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ૼ૿ଂଐ૿ૹૺຄଈଆ૵ૺ
ଐ૷૶ଂ૸૶ૺଓଃ૾૶૳૲ૹ૶ૹଂૺ૵ૺଃૻ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଃ૷ଂ૶଄ૺૹຄૼ૿ଂଐ૿ଃ૲૷ଃ૶૲
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ૵૲૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૽ଏ૿ଂૺଃଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଃଆ૾ૺ຅ଂૺଃ૴૲૽૿଎ૺ૸ૺ૵૲૷ଃ
૳ଆ૸૶૳ଃ຅ଂ૿૽ૼ૶૳ૺ଎ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૶૾૽ૺଃଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ଃຄૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ
ଃ଄૲૵ૺ૲ଋૺ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૳૿ૼ૿ૻૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෨ຫ෮˥ොຫොຄ෺૽ૻ૽ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲
૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂଃ଄૲૵ૺ૲ଋૺૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄଏ૷૶ૼ૲૵ଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶-
ૼ૿ଋૺ຅ૻ૶ଂଏ૿૵຅ଇଋ૲૷ଋૺ຅ଈ૷૶ଊ૾ૺଃ૴ଆૼଃ૴૲૵૲૲଎ૼૺ૵૾૶૾ૻ૲૾ଃ૵૲ଆ૽૲૵
଒૲૽૵૾૶૾ຄଈ૷૶ଊ૾ૺଃ૴ଆૼଃଃ૲ଈ૲ଂૹ૷૶ૼ૿ଃૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଊ૷૶ૼ૲ଂ૶૴ૺ૿૾ଋૺ
ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଓ૲ૼଓଆଂ૽૶૵ૺ଎ૺ૾૲ଋૺ຅૴ଆૼૺଃଃ૲૽ૻଆଂ૾૲ૼ૿૵຅ଋૺଋ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૵૲
૲૾ૹ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃຄ

212 213
 PHYSALACRIACEAE

૏ૄૐૡ્ૉૄ૎ૄພ૏ૄૐૡ્૑૔ૄ຅૏ૄૐૡ્ૉૄ૔ૄૌ຅
૏૗ૐૡ્૗૔૗ૄ຅૏ૄૡ૗ૐ્ૄ૎ૄ຅૏ૄૡ્૗ૐૄ૔ૄ຅
૏ૄૡ્ૉૌૐૄ૔ૄຠ
Honey Fungus
Armillaria mellea

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫොැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳૲ ૺ଎૷ૼ૶૳૲

૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫૹ૲ଇૼૺଃଇଂૺ૵૲૾૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼຫ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺଈଂ૶૳૲ງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฆຫො෮˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૿૵૾૲૷૴૲ଇ૲ଂૹ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ଏૺଂଋૺ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶-
૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ
ଈଆ૵ૺଃଈ૷૶ଋຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻૺ૵ૺૹງ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫฌຄ෺˥฀ຫฆຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶຅૲ଃ૶૷૶
૸૲૽ૹ૲ଂଋૺ଎ຯ଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼଊૺ૾૷૶૳૲૽૵૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅
ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶૵૲૽଀૲ૼଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲
଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅ ૷૶૾૲ଓ૶૳ଋૺງ ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ ૻଆ૾ଏ૶૳ଃ૲ ૵૲ ૽૿ଂ૶૳૸૶຅
ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶૶૳ૺଃ૲૵૲૳ଆ଍ଈ૶૳ૺଃଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ
૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ଋૺຜn˘ɦǥȻȓȻȥřǍřʀƇǰƇʢȓřɰƥຝ૵૲଄ଊଆ૳ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋૺຜ5ƥʀřɰȥǰȓȓřɰǰř
ʍřŽƥʀƇƥȫʀຝຄ૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૾૲૽૵૷ૺૼ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃଇ૶ଓ૸૶૲ଈ૷ଃ
ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຄ

214 215
 PHYSALACRIACEAE

૖૛૗ૅ૎ૄ૕૑્૑
Ringless Honey Fungus
Desarmillaria tabescens

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෨ຫොැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅

૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅
૽ଆଈૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฆຫ෢ැ˥ැຄ෺ຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃ૽ଓ૲ଂ૶ଃຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଈ૷૶૷ૺૹຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ
ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฌ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵
ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶-
૳ૺૹ૽ଆଓ૲૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ଄ଊଆ૳ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଋૺ
ຜɰȥǰȓȓřɰǰřȥƥȓȓƥřຝຄ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૹ຅૽૲ଃ૲ଂ૲ଈ૷ଃଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຄ

216 217
 PHYSALACRIACEAE

૊ૄ૏ો૔ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Velvet Shank
Flammulina velutipes

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅଎૶૾଄ଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૽૿-
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฒ˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ
૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ ૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ ଏૺଂଋૺ
૵૲૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฒ˥෨ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽ૺ૵૲૾૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽ૹ૶ૼૺ
૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃ૴૲૾૽૲૷ૼ૿૳૲ଋૺଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾
ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૷૶ଂଓ૷ଃ૲૵૲଄ૺଂૺଇ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
૽૿૽૲ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾૲ଂଋૺ૲૾૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଋૺຜcřȓƥɰǰȫřȥřɰǒǰȫřʍřຝຄ
ଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃຆ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଈଆ૵ૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ૲૵૲଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૶૳ଃ຅
૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଃૺૻૺ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ૵૲૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૲ງ૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇ૶ଓૺ
ଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ૲຅૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଃଇ૶ଓૺૻૺ૲ଂ૲ଃ૵ଂ૿-
ଃ૲૲ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺຄ

218 219
 PLEUROTACEAE

૏ૄ૝ૄ૎૑
Branching Oyster
Pleurotus cornucopiae

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૺ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽ଆଂ૲ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૾૲ૻ૷ૹଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫฌ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺ຅
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ૲૾଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹ-
ૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂૺଃ૲૸ଉ૷૲ଂૺଇ૶ଓଃ૲૵૲ଈଆ૵ଃଋ૿ଂૺଃ૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଃ૲૵૲຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଏૺଂ૲૽૵૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫොො˥෨ຄ෺ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଆଓ૶ଋૺງ
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯ૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽ૺଃ଍૲ૹ૷ૼૺૹଓ૽૶ૼ૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼ
ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽૲଍૲ૼ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଓ૶ૹ૲૽ଓ૲ૼଋૺ
ຜÙȓƥʢɰȻʍʢʀȻʀʍɰƥřʍʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૲଎૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲ଉૺ૲ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺૹ຅
ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹଆଇଂ૿૽଎ૺଂ૶૸૿૽ૺૹ૵૲૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ଇ૶ଓૺૹຄ

220 221
 PLEUROTACEAE

૕૖ૈ૒ૌ૕ૢૈોૄ૏ૢૄ૎ૌ
King Oyster
Pleurotus eryngii

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿-
ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଊ૿૷૶ૼૹ૷ૺଃ
ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ෺˥ොຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૲૾૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄-
ଂଆૼૺ຅଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૴ଆଂ૸ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆ-
ଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଐ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ොැຫො෮˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଃ૲૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅ଈ૿ૼ-
૴૿ଃ૾૶૳ૺଃଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଉ૶ଂ૿૶૳૸૶຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ૼଆଂଔ૾૲ଂ૸૶຅ଃ଄૶଀૶૳ଋૺ຅
ଆ૵૲૳૾૿ଋૺ຅૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଆ૵૲૳૾૿ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

222 223
 PLEUROTACEAE

ૢૈોૄ૏ૢૄ૎ૌພ્ૄ૎૏ૄૢૄ຅્ૄ૎૏ૄૢૄ૊૑્૑຅
૖૛૗ૅૈ૎ૄ຅ૠૌ૘૎ૌ૕૕૑્૑຅ૠૌ૘૔ૄ૜
૖૛૗ૅ૗૎຅ૢૌ૕૕૑્૑ຠ
Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus ostreatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫ෢෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૾ૺଁ૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૲ଂ૲૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૲૾૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯොຫ෮˥ැຄ෺ຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଂଆ૵ૺ૽૶૾଄ଆૼૺ຅૴૷૶ଂ૵ૺ-
ૹૺ຅଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ
ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵ଓଋૺଂૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫොො˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ
૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ງଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾
ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଓ૶ૹ૲૽ଓ૲ૼૺଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૲଍૲ૼ૿ଋૺ
ຜÙȓƥʢɰȻʍʢʀƇȻɰȫʢƇȻɦǰřƥຝ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଓ૶ૹ૲૽ଓ૲ૼૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳૲ଈଆ-
૵ૺଃଉૺ૲ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺૹ຅ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹଆଇଂ૿૽଎ૺଂ૶૸૿૽ૺૹ૲૵૲ଃ૲ૻ-
૽૲૿૵૴ଂଏ૶ૼૺଇ૶ଓૺૹຄ

224 225
 PLUTEACEAE

ૄૅ૔ૈ૜૗૏ૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌૉ૑૎ૉૄ૔ૌૈ૎ૄ
Silky Rosegill
Volvariella bombycina

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૾૲-
ଓ૶૷ଂ૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଃଈ૶ૼ-
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓଋૺଂૺ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૳ଆଃଆଃ૶૳ૺૹ຅૽૳૸ૺ૾૲૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૳ଆଃଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฌຫො෺˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ
ૹ૲૾૲૳ଂ૲૵૴૲૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶-
ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶-
ૼ૿ଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂຫૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅
ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿ૻૺ૵ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฆຫොැ˥෮ຄ෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲-
଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶଎૲ૼૻ૶ଆૼ૶૴૸૶-
૽଀ૼ૲ଂ૶૳૲૵ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅
ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯଇଆଉଆଂ૿૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૲຅ଋ૶-
૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

226 227
 POLYPORACEAE

૟ૈ૔ૄૐૄພ૏૟ૈ૔ૄ຅૙૑૔ૌ૕૕૑્૑຅૙૑૔૑
૊૑્૑຅૟ૈ૔ૌ્ૄ຅૟ૈ૔૑ຠ
Dryad’s Saddle
Cerioporus squamosus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯොැຫ෮ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅ොຫ෮ଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲-
ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅૽૲ଂ૲૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺ૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼૺ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ฀ຄ෺˥ොຫ෨ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽૿ૻૼ૶຅
ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૴૷૶ଂ૵ଆૼૺ຅૲ଃૺ૽૶଄ଂૺଆૼૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵຅଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ຅
ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૴૲૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ-
૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼૻଆૹଓ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଐ૲૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොැຫො෮˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒-
૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅ૻ૿ଂ଀ૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺ຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿-
଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶ଓ૽૶ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ૴૲૽૲૴ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ૸૿૴-
ଔ૶ଂૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼ૶૳ଃ૲ଈଆ଎૽૲଎૶૳૶૾૵૲ૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଐ૷૾ૺ૲-
૾૶૳ଋૺຄ

228 229
 POLYPORACEAE

ૄૅૈેૌ૕૕૑્૑ພૅૈૅૈ૔ૄ૕૑્૑຅ૉૄૐૈ૕ૄ຅
્ૉૈ૓૑຅૤૑ૅૈેૌૄ૙ຠ
Hoof Fungus
Fomes fomentarius

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ෺ຯ෮෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ଍ૼૺଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૹ૲ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅ଉૺ૲ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇଂૺ૵૲૾૽ଆଈ
૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶຅૽ଆଈૺૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲૵૲૾૲଒૶ଂ૸૶ຯଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଆଈૺଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿຅ଆଇ૶ଂଆૼૺ຅ො෮ຫ෢෢˥෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଐ૶ૼૺଐ૲૵ૺଃ૾૶૳ૺଃ૽ૺ૶ଂ૵ଂ૿ଃଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿଎ଓ૲ૼ຅
ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅ଐૺ-
ଇ૶ૼଃ૲૵૲૲ଂଊ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ ຯ ૲ଂ ૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ ଏ૷૶ૼ૲૵ ૽ૺଃ૴૲૾ ૲૽૸૲૵૶૳૵૾૶૾ ૲૳૶૵ଃຄ

૲૽ૺଃૹ૷ૺଃଋૺ૴ૹ૲૷ଃଃૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૽૿ଓ૲ଂଋ૲૷૵૾૶૾຅૽૸૶૸૶૴૲૲ଋଂ૿૳૵૾૶૾
૵૲૵૲૲૾૲ૻଆଐ૶૳૵૾૶૾ຄ଎૶଎ଓૼૺଃ૵૲૾ૹ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૲૳૶૵ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૾૲ૻଆଐଃ
૽଒ૺ૵ଂ૿૵૵૲૲૵૶૳૶૾ଇ૿ૼ૲૵ૺଃ૾૲଒૶ଂଃັૻ૷૶ଃଃ૵૲଍૲૽૿૲ଂ଄ଊ૲૽૶૾
଄૲ૼଃ຅ૺ૴ૺ૷૶ૻ૲ଁଃຝ૽૲૴૲ଂૺଈ૲૾ૺଃଋ૶૵૴૶૾ૺૼ૿૳ૺଃଈ૷૲ଃຟຄૻ૲ଁ૸૶ଂૻૺ૾ૺଃ
଍૲૽૿ଂ଄ଊ૽ૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲ଊଂૺૼૺ૾૲଀૶ଂଐૻૼ૶૳ૺ૲૳૶૵ଃଋ૶૶ଊଂ૶૳૲૵૲ଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ-
૽૶૲ଃ૶ૹૺ଍૲૽૿ଂ଄ଊ૽ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଐ૲૶ૻૺ૵૶૳૲ଆ૲ૼ૿଎૶଎ଓૼૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎
ଃ૲ૻ૽૲ଂૺଃૺ૲૵ૺ૵ૺ଎૶଎ଓૼૺଃ૲ଃ૲૾ૹ૶૳૲૵ຄ૲૳૶૵ૺଃଋૺ૴ૹ૲૷ଃଃૺଊ૶૾૶૳૵૾૶૾
ଃૺଃଓૼ૵૶૾ૺଃଋ૶ଃ૲଍૶ଂ૶૳ૼ૲૵૲଎ຄ૽ૺଃ૴૲૾૵ଉ૶ଃ૲଎૲૽૸૲૵૶૳૶૾ଃଓ૷૲૵૲-
ଃଓ૷૲ଃ૲ଓૺଃଃଆ૷૶૾ૺଂ૶૳ଃ຅ଈଆ૵૶૳ଃ຅଍૲૾ૹ૶૳ଃ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄ

230 231
 POLYPORACEAE

૛ૉૌોૈ૎ૌૄૅૈેૄ
Chicken Of The Woods
Laetiporus sulphureus

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯොැຫ෮෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅෮ຫฆଃ૽ଃૺଃଈૺଃງଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅
૽૲ଂ૲૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૹ૲ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૿૵૾૲૷ ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ ૵૲଒૽ଆ଒૾ଆૼຫ
଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງ૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼ૶૳ૺଇ૶૾૶૳૲૵૲૲૴૲૾૷ૺૹ૲ຫ
ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ૵૲૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૹ૲૾ଏૺଂଋૺ૲ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଉૺ૲ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૶ૼૺງ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ଐ૷૶ૹ૶૳ଃຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
ૻ૿ଂ଀ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૽଄૷ଂ૶૷૲૵ૺງ ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ૼૺ૽૿૾ૺଃ ଃଆ૾ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງො෮ຫ෢෢˥෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎଎૿-
଎ଓ૲ૼ຅ૺଃ૶૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆ-
ૼ૶૳૸૶ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ૽૶ଂଈ૾ૺଃૼ଀૿૳૲ଃຄ૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ଓ૶ଓૺૼ૸૶଎ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶૸ଂ૵૲૵ૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿-
૳૶૳ૺ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅૴૲૽૲૴ଂ૶૳૲૽૵૶ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଋ૶ଆଏૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૳૶૵૲ଃ૴૲-
ଂ଍૶૷૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳ૺଃଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૳૶૵૲ଃ૴૲૾ຜ‘řƥʍǰɦȻɰʢʀƇȻȫǰǍƥɰǰƇȻȓřຝຄ૸૿-
૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺ૽ૺૻ૿ૼ૿૴ૺ૽૲ૹ૶ଂૹଃ૲૵૲ૺ૽૲૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૵૽ૺૺ଍૾૶૷ଃຄ૽ૹ૲૷૲ଂૺ
૴૲૾૽૲ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲଀૲଄ଂ૿૾૽଎૶૾૲ଂ૶ຄଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳ૺଃଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૳૶૵૲
૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳૸૶ຄ૽ૺଃૺଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳૲૵૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲૲ଂ
૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଂ૲૵૴૲૾຅ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ૽଎ૺଂ૶૵ૺ
ૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺ૲ຄ

232 233
 POLYPORACEAE

૛ૉૈ૎ૌ૕૕૑્૑ພ્ૄ૞ૌ૛૗૔ૄຠ
Hairy Oyster Mushroom
Panus rudis

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૽૲-
଄૶૳ଆૼૺ଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૾ૺଁ૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଊଆଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲૾ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓଋૺଂૺଔ૲૴ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૳૶ଐ૷ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺຯଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଓ૶ଋૺ຅
૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽଄૷ଂ૶૷૲૵ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ෨˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅ଔ૲૴ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲૾ଉૺ૲
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຄ෺ຫ฀ຄ෺˥෢ຄ෺ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ
ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲-
ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹଂ଎ଓૺૼ૲ଃ૲૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼ૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅૴૲૽૲૴ଂ૶૳૲૽૵૶ຄ૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂଃ૲૵૲૵૲ଇ-
ଈଆૼଃૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଊ૷૶ૼૺଃ૲૽૿ଊ૷૲૾ૺଃ૲ଃຄ

234 235
 PSATHYRELLACEAE

૏૆૎ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Glistening Inkcap
Coprinellus micaceus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૹ૲ଇૼૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹଇ૶ଂ૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼ૵૶૳૲຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹૻૺ૵૶૶૳ଋૺ຅
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳-
ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺຯଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૽૳૸ૺ૾૲૷ૺ
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹଈଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫ૸૿ૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૵૲ଇૼ૶ૹૺૼૺ຅૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฒ˥ැຄ෢ຫැຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૲-
૳૲ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺૹ຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃ
ଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼ૿૳ଂૺ૷૴૲ଂ૵૲ૺଈ૽૾૶૳૲ଋ૲૷ૺଇ૶ଂૺଃૹଓ૶૷૲૵૽૲ଃ૲૵
ຝଓ૵૶૳૲૲૷଄૿ૼૺ૸ૺຟຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺງฆຫොැ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଋ૲૷ૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿଍૲ૼૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଐ૶ૼૺଐ૲૵ૺଃ૾૶૳ૺଃ૽ૺ૶ଂ૵ଂ૿ଃଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅૵૲-
૽଀૲ૼଓ૶૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅૽૲ૹૹ૲૾૲ଓૼ૿ଃ຅૾૲ૻ૶ૼૺ૲૾૵૲
ଂଆ૵૶ଂ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଃૺଋ૲૷૶ଋ૶૶଀૲ଂ૶૳૲ຄ
૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૺଃૹ૲૾૲૷૶ຄ૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૹ૲૾
૶ଂૹ૲૵૽ૺଃૺ૽ૺଉ૶૳૲ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺ૲ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾෢ැຫ෮ැଐଆૹૺଃ
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃଃ૲ଓ૶ଆଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲຅଎ଓ૷ૺଂૺଃଐ૷૶ଂૺ૵૲ଊଆଂૺଃ
૳ૺ૳ૺૼ૿૶૳ૺૻૺଆଆଇ૶ଂଆૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଃ଄૶૽଀૶ଂ૲଄ଆଂ૲૽૲଄ଆૼ૿૳ଃ຅
଍૾૵૶૳૲ ଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺଃ ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ ૴ଂଏ૾૿૳૲຅ ૺଐଊ૶૳૲ ૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷૲ ૵૲
ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૽૲ଔૺଃ଎૶૽૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૵૶૳૲຅૲૷૲૵૽ଊ૿ଇଃଆଏ૾૶ૼ૵૶૳૲ૼ૲଀૲ଂ૲ૻૺ຅
ଆଈ૷૶ૺૹ૵૶૳૲ ૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳૲ຄ ૴૲ଂૻ૷૶ଆૼૺ ૵ଂૺଃ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ଊ૷૶ૼ૲ ૶ଃ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽ૺ૴૲ૺ૷ૼૺଃ຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૹଆ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼૺ૽૶૿ଂ૶૵ଉ૶ଃ૲ૼ૿ૻ૿ଖ૿ૼଃ
ૺଃ૶૷૽ૺૺଉ૶૳ଃ຅૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺ૴૲૾૽૶૿ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ૲૽ૹ૷ૺଃ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૽૿
૽૴ૼૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૺ૸૽ૺଃଃ૲૽ૻଆଂ૾૲ૼ૿૵ຄ

236 237
 PSATHYRELLACEAE

૕ૌ૎ૌ૑ພ૏ૈ૎ૐૌ૕૕૑્૑຅૕ૌ૎ૌ૕૕૑્૑຅
૙ૉૌ૜ૄૐૠ૛૗૔ૌຠ
Common Inkcap
Coprinopsis atramentaria

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫොැଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅૷૶ଂ଎ଓૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
଎૶૾଄ଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૳ଆ-
ଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૵૲଒૽ଆ଒-
૾ଆૼૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷ຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂૺଃૻ૶૾૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎-
ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฌຫොฌ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଂ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿
ຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଃଐଂ૲ଇ૲૵ଈଂ૶૳૲૵૲૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଇ૶ଓૺଃ
ଈ૷૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺଂ଍૶૳૲૶ଂૹ૴૷૲ଂૺૹ૶ૹଂૺ૾૲଒૵૶૷ૺຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲૵૲૴૲ଂ૵૲ૺଈ૽૾૶૳૲ଋ૲૷ૺଇ૶ଂૺଃ
ૹଓ૶૷૲૵૽૲ଃ૲૵ຝଓ૵૶૳૲૲૷଄૿ૼૺ૸ૺຟຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫොැ˥෮ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଋ૲૷ૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૽૲ૼ૶૷૶૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૾૲ૻ૶ૼૺ૲૾૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿-
૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଓ૶ଈ଎૶ଆૼ૶૳૸૶຅૲ଃ૶૷૶૽૲ૹ૲ଓૼ૿ଃຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଃૺଋ૲૷૶ଋ૶૶଀૲ଂ૶૳૲ຄ
૲ଆ଎ૺૼ૶૳૶ૼૺ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૺଃૹ૲૾૲૷૶ຄ૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૹ૲૾
૶ଂૹ૲૵૽ૺଃૺ૽ૺଉ૶૳૲ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃૺ૾଄૿ଈଃૺૻ૲଎ૺ૲ଃຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾෢ැຫ෮ැଐଆૹૺଃ
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼଃଃ૲ଓ૶ଆଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲຅଎ଓ૷ૺଂૺଃଐ૷૶ଂૺ૵૲ଊଆଂૺଃ
૳ૺ૳ૺૼ૿૶૳ૺૻૺଆଆଇ૶ଂଆૼ૵૶૳૲຅ଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଃ଄૶૽଀૶ଂ૲଄ଆଂ૲૽૲଄ଆૼ૿૳ଃ຅
଍૾૵૶૳૲ ଐଊଆଂ૷ૺૼૺଃ ଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ ૴ଂଏ૾૿૳૲຅ ૺଐଊ૶૳૲ ૴ଆૼૺଃଂ૶૷૲ ૵૲
ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅૽૲ଔૺଃ଎૶૽૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૵૶૳૲຅૲૷૲૵૽ଊ૿ଇଃଆଏ૾૶ૼ૵૶૳૲ૼ૲଀૲ଂ૲ૻૺ຅
ଆଈ૷૶ૺૹ૵૶૳૲ ૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳૲ຄ ૴૲ଂૻ૷૶ଆૼૺ ଓ૾ૺଃ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ଊ૷૶ૼ૲ ૶ଃ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽ૺ૴૲ૺ૷ૼૺଃ຅૽૲૴ଂ૲૽ૹଆ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼૺ૽૶૿ଂ૶૵ଉ૶ଃ૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼଃ
ૺଃ૶૷૽ૺૺଉ૶૳ଃ຅૽૿ଐ૲૽૷ૼૺଃ૾ૺଋ૾૶૳ૺ૴૲૾૽૶૿ଂ૵૶૳૲ຄ૲૽ૹ૷ૺଃ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૽૿
ଃૺૼૺ૿ଃૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾૲ૼૻ૿ଖ૿ૼૺ૸૽ૺଃଃ૲૽ૻଆଂ૾૲ૼ૿૵ຄ

238 239
 RUSSULACEAE

ૐૄ૔ૌૐૣૌ૕૘ૈ૔ૌ૔૟ૌૄૐૄ
Orange Milkcap
Lactarius aurantiacus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෢ຫ฀ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ

૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ
଀૲଄૲ଂ૲૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃ૲૵૲຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ
ଓ૲૸૶૳ૺଃ ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ງ ૻૺ૵૶ຆ ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥ොຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄૶૳ૺૹງฌ˥ฒ૽ૻ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ
ૹ૶ૹଂ຅ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂ૲ଂ૲଎ଓ૲ଂ૶ଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷-
ଃ૲૵຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

240 241
 RUSSULACEAE

૏ૡૄેૄພ૏ૡૄેૌ૑຅૏ૡૄે૑຅ૡૄે૑຅૆૗ૌ૊ຠ
Saffron Milkcap
Lactarius deliciosus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫොฆ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅

૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ໲ ຯ ૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵ ૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺ ૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ ૶ૼଇ૶ຫ
ଂૺૹ຅૽ଆଈૺૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺૹ૲૵૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼຫ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૲૿ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૿ૼ૿૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫ฀˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅૲ଂ૲ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂଆૼૺ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૾૲଒૵૶૷૶૳ૺૹ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଓ૶ૼૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଐ૷૲૾ຫ
૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆຫฒ˥฀ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺຫ
૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૳ૼ૲૾଄຅
૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂ຅ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૲૵຅
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳૲ଃૺଉ૶૳ଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଉૺ૲૲૵૴ૺຫ
ૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ૵૲଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

242 243
 RUSSULACEAE

ૐૄ૞ૄ૔ૄ
Stumpy Milkcap
Lactarius flexuosus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ଄ଊ૷ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଉૺ૲
ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹ૽ଆଈૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ૸૿૾૶-
૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଀૲଄૲ଂ૲૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶-
ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅ଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฌ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵
૵૲ૻૼ૲ૻ૾ૺૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄૶૳ૺૹງ฀ຫฌຄ෺˥෺ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ
ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂ
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎຅ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺଃ૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૲૵຅ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ
૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵૲ଂଊૹ૲૾૵૲૷૶ଂଓ૷ૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

244 245
 RUSSULACEAE

ૄ૔૛ૄພૄ૔૛ૄૌ຅ૉૄ૔૛ૄ຅૔૟ૌૄૐૄ૕૑્૑຅
૕૑્૑૒ૌ૎૒ૌ૎ૄૌຠ
Peppery Milkcap
Lactarius piperatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ฀ຫොฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૲૿ૺ૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฆ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૲૳૲-
ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૵૲૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃ૲૷ଃ૶຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲૾ଉૺ૲ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶-
૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄૶૳ૺૹງฆຫฌ˥฀ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૳ૼ૲૾଄຅
ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾଎ଓ૲ଂ૶຅ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૶ଂૹຫ૿ଂ
ଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳૲ଃૺଉ૶૳ଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૵૲ૼ૳૿૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
ଏ૷૶ૼ૲૵຅ଃ૷૲૾૶ૹଋૺ૲ଂଊ૲ଃଃૺ૳૶૷ଂૺૹଃ૲૸ଉ૷ଂ૲૷૵૾૶૾຅ଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵ૹ૿-
૷ૼૺ૲૾ૺૺଈ૾૶૳૿૵૲૸૲૽ૹ૲ଂૺຄ

246 247
 RUSSULACEAE

૛ૉૌોૈ૎ૌ૒ૄૡૌૡૄ
Spotted Milkcap
Lactarius scrobiculatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෢෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ଒ଆ଒ଊૺ૲૾ૺ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽ଆଂ૲
ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲-
ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ຅
ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫ฀˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵-
ଂଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅
ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଆଇ૿ଂ૽૿຅ૼ૲ଈૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲଒૵૶૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲-
ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ฆຫฌ˥฀ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ଍૲ૼૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ ૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ

଎ଓ૲ଂ૶຅૳ૼ૲૾଄຅ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂૹ૶ૹଂଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳૲ଃૺଉ૶૳ଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૵૲ૼ૳૿૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴຅
ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽ଐ૾ૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଓૺૹຄ

248 249
 RUSSULACEAE

ૐૄૅૄેૄ
Woolly Milkcap
Lactarius torminosus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૽ଆଈૺ
ૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺଂ૴૿ૼ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼૺଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫ฀˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ଀૲଄૲ଂ૲૾૲଒૵૶-
૷૶૳ૺૹງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹງฌຫฒ˥෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૽ଐ૲ଂ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿-
ଊ૿ଇଃଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૽ଐ૲ଂ૿ଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૲ଂଊ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

250 251
 RUSSULACEAE

૕ૄૉૄ૔૞ૢૈ૎ૄ
Fleecy Milkcap
Lactarius vellereus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫ෢෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲૾ଉૺ૲ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
૽૿ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇଂ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૳ଆଃଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽ຫ
૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫฌ˥෢ຫ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૿૵૾૲૷૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૳ଆଃଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅
ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺຫ
૽૲ଂૹ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿
ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆຄ෺ຫฒຄ෺˥฀ຄ෺ຫฌຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૽૿ૹ૶-
ૹଂ૿຅૽ଐ૲ଂ૶ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଋଂ૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ૼ૲-
ଈ૶૳૲૵ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺ-
ૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺ ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺ ຯ ଃ૲૷૲ଂ଎ଓ૶ૼ૲ ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲ ૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ ૲ଂଊ૲ଋૺ

ຜ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀɦǰɦƥɰřʍʢʀຝ຅ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଂଏૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃૺૹଓ૶຅ଃ૲૷૲ଂ଎ଓ૶ૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾
૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲ຄ

252 253
 RUSSULACEAE

ૡૈૡ્ૈ૖ૄພ૏ૡૄેૄ຅ૡૄેૌ૎૑ຠ
Fishy Milkcap
Lactarius volemus

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫො෮ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅

ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ ຯ
ଋૺଋ૷૶ૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺ૲૾଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫฒ˥ොຫ෢ຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲-
ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ
ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹງ฀ຄ෺ຫฒຄ෺˥෺ຄ෺ຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ
૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲຅
૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ૹ૲૾૵૲-
ૹ૲૾૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲຅ଃଈ૶ૼ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଓ૵૶૳૲ଂ૶૸ૺ૾ૺ૷ૺૹଐ૶ૼ૷૲૵ૺຄૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹૻૺຯଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿-
૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽ଆଓ૶૳ૺଃଈ૷૶ଋ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅૸ଉ૷ૺଃ૵૿૾ૺ૵૲૾ො෢ැැ૽૶଄ଂ૲૽૵૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૵૲ૼ૳૿૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ

254 255
 RUSSULACEAE

૏ૌૠૄ૛ૄ૔ૄພૠ૑ૉૄૐૄຠ
Lactarius zonarius
ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅଍૲ૼૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଈૺૻ૿૾଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺଂ૴૿ૼ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ฀˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆ-
ଂ૲ຆ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄૶૳ૺૹງ฀ຄ෺ຫฌຄ෺˥෺ຄ෺ຫ฀ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒-
૵ૺຯ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿
ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂ૽૿૽ଐ૲ଂ૿ଃૺૹଓ૶ଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽ଆଓ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃຄଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

256 257
 RUSSULACEAE

૏૗૔ૄ૕૑્૑
ພ૜ૄૉ૝૑ૢૄ૕૑્૑຅૝૑ૢૌ૑຅૝૑ૢૄ૜ૄૉૄຠ
Winecork Brittlegill
Russula adusta

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿
૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ-
૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ຫૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲ଐ૶ଆૼૺ຅
଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷ଉૺ૲ງଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ଆଈ-
૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଋૺଋ૷૶ૼૺ຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଃଓ૷૲૵૲ଃଓ૷૲૸૿૽ૺଃ຅ଇ૶ଓૺଃ૽ૺ૽૲ଂૹ
૿૵૾૲૷ ૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ ଔ૶ଂ ຯ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺଃ૲ଃଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૿૷૲ૼଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງฆຫฒ˥෺ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒-
૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶ଓ૶૳ૺૹଋ૲૷૵૶૳૲ຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଉ૷ૺ૾ૺଃ
଎૲ଂૺ૶ૼૺૻ૲ଃଂૺଃૹ૷ૺଃ૵૲૽૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳૶ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇૺ଒૷૶૳ૹ૲૾຅૲ଂଊૹ૲૾૵૲
૷૶ଂଓ૷ૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵૽ଐ૾ૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଓૺૹຄ

258 259
 RUSSULACEAE

૏૖૔ૈેૌ૑ພ૖૔ૈે૑຅ૢ૔ૄ૜૗ૐૄຠ
Green Brittlegill
Russula aeruginea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ
଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻ૲૾ૺ૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂଃງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾
૿૵૾૲૷૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງ฀ຫฒ˥෺ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅
૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଐૺଇૼ૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

260 261
 RUSSULACEAE

૑૙૔૑૕૘ૈ૔ૌૢ૔ૄ૜૗ૐૄ
Gilded Brittlegill
Russula aurea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૲଒ଂ૶ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૿૵૾૲૷଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ຫଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺງૻ૲૾ૺ૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵
ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂଃງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥ොຄ෺ຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૷ૺଐଂ૿ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଋૺ૴૾ૺ૵૲૾
૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺຫ
૵૲૾໲ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂຫଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹງฌຫฒ˥฀ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૻ૲૾-
ଈ૷૶ଋૻૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿-
૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾຅ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾૵૲ૹଓૺૼૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

262 263
 RUSSULACEAE

૚ૉૌૐૌ૑ພ૚ૉૌૐ૗ૈຠ
Charcoal Burner
Russula cyanoxantha

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ฀ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଋଆ૲ଋૺຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅
ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺଃૻ૶૾ ຯ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵ ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ຫ
ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฒ˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଉૺ૲ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૲ଂૹ૿຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓ-
ૹ૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງ฀ຄ෺ຫฒ˥෺ຄ෺ຫฆ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଊૺଇ૶ງ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ
ଇ૶ଓଋૺຯ૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

264 265
 RUSSULACEAE

૞ૢૈૐૌ૕્ૅૌ૎ૄພૢૄ૔ૌ૕્ૅૌ૎ૄຠ
Milk White Brittlegill
Russula delica

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ฀ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲૾ଉૺ૲ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૲૾૴ૼଆ૷ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ-
૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫ෮˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲૾ଉૺ૲ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
૽ଊૺଇ૶ງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿଎ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฌຫොො˥ฆຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲-
૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃૹ૶૷૸ૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ଎ଓ૶૾ૺଃૻ૳ૺૼ૲૷ૺ૸ଆ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
૲ଂଊ૲ଋૺຜ‘řƇʍřɰǰʢʀɦǰɦƥɰřʍʢʀຝ૲૾ଃ૲૷૲ଂ଎ଓ૶ૼ૲ଋૺຜ‘řƇʍʢɰǰʢʀˋƥȓȓƥɰƥʢʀຝຄ଎ଓ૶-
૾ૺଃૻ૳ૺૼ૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૿ଂૺ૷૶ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ
ଂଏૺଃ૽૲૴૷૲ଂଃૺૹଓ૶ଃຄ

266 267
 RUSSULACEAE

ૅ૚ૄૉૄૐૄພ્ૄ૖ૄ૏ૡ૛ૄૉૄૐૄ຅ૣ૚ૄૉૄૐૄຠ
Sickener
Russula emetica

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ଆଈૺଐૺૹૼૺ૵૲૾ଉૺ૲૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃ-
ଇଂ૲૽૵૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿-
૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ຫૼ૿ଂ-
ଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૻ૲૾ૺૺ૿ૼ૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฌ˥ොຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶-
ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ
ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆຫොැ˥฀ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾଎ଓ૲ଂ૶ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺ
ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଄૶૾ૺ૲૾
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ૹ૲ଋૺຄଆଊ૷૲ଂଃ
଒૲૿૳ૺ૲૾ૺ૵૲଄૶૾ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

268 269
 RUSSULACEAE

૏૛૔ૄ૎ૌૢ૔ૄ૜૗ૐૄ
Stinking Brittlegill
Russula foetens

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ଆଂ૲ຫଁ૲૾૴૽ૺଐૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺଃૻ૶૾໲ຯ
ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଋଆ૲ଋૺଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଏૼૺ૶ଂૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲ૻ૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଉଂ૽૲૵૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫො෢˥෢ຫ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ૹૺૹૺଃ૵૲଒૶ଂૺૹ૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ງଇ૿ଂ-
૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૴૲૳૶ଂૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵ଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺ-
ૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲૾ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૽૿ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૲ૼ૿ଇ૶ଂૺଃ૴૲૽଒૷ૺଂ૷૲ૼ૶ଃૺૹଓ૶ଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ଃ଄૿૷૶૳ଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฌຫොොຄ෺˥ฆຫฒ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ໲ຯ
ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૿૵૾૲૷૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ງૹ૲૷ૺ-
૵૲૾૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૲૽ଏ૲ଉ૶૳ଆૼૺ૸૶ૹૺଃଃଆ૾ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૵૲૽଀૲ૼૺ
ૹ૶૷૸ૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲-
૵૲૵ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺຄଆଊ૷૲ଂଃ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵૽ଐ૾ૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଓૺૹຄ

270 271
 RUSSULACEAE

૘૙ૉૌ૎ૌ૑
Golden Brittlegill
Russula risigallina

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ଆଈૺଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ૻૺ૵૶-
૶૳ૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଂ૴૷ૼ૲૵૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹଓ૶ૼ-
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻ૲૾ૺ
ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෢ຫฌ˥ැຄ฀ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺ૲૾ଏૺଂଋૺ
૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆຄ෺ຫฒ˥฀ຄ෢ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଓ૵૶-
૳૲૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଊ૷૲૷ૺૼ૶૳ૺଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺ૵૲
૽଄ૻ૾૲ଂૺ૴૶૽૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଆଊ૷૲ଂଃ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵૴૷ଓ૷૵૶૳૲૲ଂଊૺଃ
ଓ૶૶૳ૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

272 273
 RUSSULACEAE

ૠૌોૈ૎્ૄૅૄພૠૌો૎ૌ૑຅૙ૉૈ૜ૠૌોૈ૎ૄຠ
Rosy Brittlegill
Russula rosea

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଐૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺຯଉૺ૲຅ૻૺ૵૶૶-
૳ૺଃૻ૶૾ຯଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ຅ଐ૷ૺ૽૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଉૺ૲૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯ
଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ
ຯ૿૵૾૲૷ૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງૻ૲૾ૺଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲ଏ૾૶ૼ૲૵ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฆ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶-
ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯૻ૲૽૶ଂ૶૳ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶-
ૹଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆ˥ฒ૽ૻ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ
ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲ຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ଀ૺ଄૾ૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺ૵૲૽଄ૻ૾૲ଂૺ૴૶૽૿ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଐૺૹ૶ૼૻ૲૳૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૳ଉ૲૷૲૾૲ଋૺ
ຜàʢʀʀʢȓřƥȥƥʍǰƇřຝຄ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹૺଃ૴૲૾ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૵૶૳ૺ૲૾ଂ૳ૺ-
ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૴૶૽૿ૹૺຄ૳ଉ૲૷૲૾૲ଃ૲ଈ૷ଃଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾଎ଓ૲ଂ૶૴૶૽૿૵૲ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ
ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃଈଆ૵ૺຄ

274 275
 RUSSULACEAE

ૢૄૢૉૌ૎૑
Greencracked Brittlegill
Russula virescens

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿଎ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲ଉଂ૽૲-
૷૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૶଒૶଒ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂ૲૵૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ຅ૻ૲૾ૺૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૲ଂ
ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૵૲ଋ૷૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫොැ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆຫฒ˥฀ຫฌ૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹຫ
ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૾ૺ૴૷૸ૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺ૴૶૽૿ૹૺ຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ଆ-
ૼૺଃଆ૾ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶຅૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹ-
ૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵૽ଆଓ૲ଃૹ૲૾૵૲ଐૺଇ૶ૼૹ૲૾ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

276 277
 SCLERODERMATACEAE

૕ૄ૚ૈૅૄૉૌ૒ૌ૊૑૎ૌ૖૗૕ૌ
Dyeball
Pisolithus arhizus

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ૺଐૺଃଈ૷૶ଋ૲຅૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૽ଃଓૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅෮ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૴ଂଏ૿຅૴ଆଂ૸ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଆଇ૿ଂ૽૿຅૽૶଄ຫ૾૲ૻૼ૶૳૲૵૴૲૽૿ૻ૷૶ૹૺૼૺොຫฌ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ଇ૶ଓૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
ଇ૶ଓૺଃ ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶ຄ ૴૲ଂ૶ૹ૲ ଃ૲ଇ૲ଂ૷૶ૼૺ ຝ଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟ ૶ଂૹଋଂૺ૲૾ૺ૲຅
ૹଓ૶ૼૺො૽૽ຄଃૺଃଈૺଃ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃૺ૳૸૲ଂ૶૳૲຅଎૷ૺ૷૲
ଇ૲૾଄૶ૼ૶૳૲૵૵૲ଂ଍૶૳૲ଋૺଋ૷૶ૼૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૽૲ଃ૲ຝ૴ૼ૶૳૲ຟ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎
ଈ૲ଂૺଃଃ૲ଋଆ૲ૼ૶૳ૺૹૺଇ૲૾଄૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽଄૷૶ଂૺ૽ଆଂ૲ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺງฆຫොැ૽ૻ૽ງ૴ଂଏ૶ૼຫ
૶ૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ૴ૼ૶૳૲ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿૲຅ ૹଓ૶૷૲૵ຫૼ૲૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅

૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺ૿ૼ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼଋૺ଎
૽૿ૹ૲૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺ૿ૼ૶૳ૺ૽ଐૺଇ૵૶૳૲຅
ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૺଋૼ૶૳૲૵૲ૺଈ଎૶૷૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿
ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૽૲ଃ૲૵ຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺ-
ૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳ૹ૲૾຅ଆ଀ૺଂ૲଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯଇૺ଒૷ૹ૲૾૵૲ૻ૶૵૲ଂૹ૲૾຅
૽ଁ૲૷૶૵૲૵૶૴ଂ૲૵ૺଂ૶૳ଆૼ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૲ଂૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾຅ଂ૿૴૿ଂ଎૳ଆ૾૶૳ଂૺ૷ଃ૲ଉ૶૳૲૷ଃଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૶ૼૺଇ૶ଂૺଃ૽ૺଃ૲ଉ૶૳૲૵ຄૺ૽ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅ଂ૿૽ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૽ଁ૲૷૶૵૲ଃ૲ૻ૷૶૳ૺ
૾ૺ૷ૹૺ૶ଂ૶૳૶૳ૺૹଉ૲ଂૺ૳૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૲૽ଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૲ଃૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾૵૶૴ଂ૲-
૵ૺଂ૶૳ଆૼ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૶૳૸૶ຝૻ૲ଂૺ૶ଂ૶૳ૺ຅଍૲૽૿૾૲ଋ૲ૼૺ૵૲ଃଓ૷ຄຟ଄ଊ૶૶૳ૺଃ
૲ଉ૵૴૶૾ૺଃ଀ଂ૿଎૶ଃଋૺຄ

278 279
 SCLERODERMATACEAE

૞૔૗૆૗ેૄ૘૜૗્ૄພ૕ૄૅ૔૏૑ૅૈ૎ૄຠ
Common Earthball
Scleroderma citrinum

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅෨ຫො෢ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ຅૽ૺଐૺଃଈ૷૶ଋ૲૲૾
૾૲ଓ૶૷ଂ૲૵૽ૺଐૺଃଈ૷૶ଋ૲຅ଏૺଂଋૺଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ૺଃଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺૹ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૵૲૸ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଐૺૹૼ૵૶૳૲ງ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૵૲૽૶଒૶଒૶૳ૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງ
૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ଂଃૺຝ଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟૹ૲૷ଋૺଃૻ૵૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ຫ
ૹ૲૾૲૳ଂ૲૵຅ଃ૲ૺ૵૲૾૲଎ૺଇଂଈ૷૶૷૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂ຅ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺງฆຫො෺૽ૻ૽ງ૶ૻૼૺ૲૾ຫଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅
૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺૹ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૴ૼ૶૳૲ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿
ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺଏ૲ଇૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ଍૲૾૲ଂૹ૶૳ૺૹງ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଋૺ૴ૹ૲૷ଃૺ
ଓ૵૶૳૲૽଄૷ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅
଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅ଈ૷ૺଋ૾૲ଂ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶ଇଂଈ૷૶૷૲૽ଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃ૲ૼ૶ଂ૴ૺଆૼૺ
ଂ૶૲ଈ଎ૺ૶૳ૺຆଂૺ૾ૺ଄ૺ຅଎ଂ૶૽ૼ૵૶૾૲૵૲ૻ૿૾ૺଆଈ଄ૺ૷ૺ଄ૺຄ

280 281
 SCLERODERMATACEAE

૘ૈૢૌૄૐૌ૞૔૗૆૗ેૄ૘૜૗્ૄ
Scaly Earthball
Scleroderma verrucosum

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳ଆଂૹૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾૵૲૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ຫ
ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ොຄ෺ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૵૲෨ຫ฀ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲ଉૼૺଃ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૴૲૵૲૵ૺଃ
෨ຫ฀ଃ૽ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ૵૲૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼଇ૶ଓଋૺງଏૺଂଋૺຯଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૽ૺ଎૶ૼૺଆ૽ૺଃ
ଏ૲ଇ૶૳ૺૹງ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ૲૵૲૽૶଒૶଒૶૳ૺૹ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ଂଃૺຝ଀૶ଂૺ૵ૺଆ૽ૺຟ
ૹ૲૷ଋૺଃૻ૵૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ૹ૲૾૲૳ଂ૲૵຅ଃ૲ૺ૵૲૾૲଎ૺଇଂଈ૷૶૷૲ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺ ຯ ૽ଆଂ૲ ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺງ ොැຫො฀ ૽ૻ૽ງ ૶ૻૼૺ૲૾ຫ

ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૳૲૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૿ଂ૾૲૽૶૾଄ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ ૴ૼ૶૳૲ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲຅ ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ

ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃଋૺ૴ૹ૲૷ଃૺଓ૵૶૳૲૽଄૷ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅଄ଊ૶ଋૺ
ຝଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଋૺຟ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺ຅
ଈ૷ૺଋ૾૲ଂ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

282 283
 SPARASSIDACEAE

૚ૄ૓ૄ૓૑ພૣ૚ૌૅ૎ૄຠ
Wood Cauliflower
Sparassis crispa

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯ૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿຅ොැຫ฀ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃ૵૲ොැຫ෢෺ଃ૽ଃૺ૽૲-
ଉૼૺଃງ૽૿૴૷૲૴૿૾૶૳ଃଊ૷૲૷ૺૼ૿૷૲૾ૻ૿૽૳૿ଃ଄૿ଃງ૵૲଄૿଄૷ૺૼૺ຅ૹૺૹ૿-
૶ଆૼૺ଄૿଄ૺຯ෢ຫ෺ଃ૽ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺଃ຅૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ૵૲૵૲ଓଆ଒ଆ଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺ
૲૾૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଏૺଂଋૺଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଆଂૺଇ૶ଓૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ଋૺ૲
଍૲ଇૼଆૼૺຄ૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹૺ૶૴૸૶૽଀ૼ૲ଂૺૺଐ૿૾ૺଃ฀ຫොැૻ૴ຫଃຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ૹଓ૶ૼૺງૹૺૹ૿૶ଆૼૺ଄૿଄ૺ૽ૹૼૺ૲૾૲૵
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲ଖૺ૽૶૾ૺଆ૽ૺૹຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଓ૶ଋૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ
૾ૺ૴૷૸ૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૵ૺ૵ૺ଎ଓૺ૽૿૷૲૾ૺଐ૷૶ૹૺૹງ෮ຄ෺ຫฆ˥෨ຫ෮ຄ෺
૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇૺ-
଒૷ૺଃଇ૶ଃ૷૶૳૸૶຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯ૾૲ଏ૷ଃ૲૵૲ଃ૿଒૸૶ຄຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଇ૶ଃ૷ૺଃ૲૵૲
૽૶ଂଈ૾ૺଃૼ଀૿૳૲ଃຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

284 285
 STROPHARIACEAE

૏ૄૐૡ્ૉૄ૎ૄ૕૏ૄ૖૛૗ૄ૔ૄ
Sulphur Tuft
Hypholoma fasciculare

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෢ຫฆଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲૾
૴૿૴ૺଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺଃૻ૶૾ຯଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲຅଎૶૾଄ଂૺଃૻ૶૾໲ຯ
૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ
૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૵૲ຫ
૳૲ૼૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
૵૲૽ଃૻ૵૲ଂૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ຫଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫොැ˥ැຄ෨ຫොଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૽ଆଂ૲
૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૷ૺଐଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ
૽૿૴ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଇଆଊ૶ງଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆ૸૶૵૲
૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ໲ຯଉૺ૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹງ
૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷૵૲଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ૲૵ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅
૳૿ૼ૿ଃຯ૽૿ଋ૲૷૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฆຄ෺˥෨ຄ෺ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૲ଂ૲ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿
ଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃ຅

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅
૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼଓ૶૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾෺ຫොැଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺ
ଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆ଀ૺଂଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶૳૲຅଒૲ଂ૳ૺ໲૿ଇૼૺ૲૾૿૳૲຅૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅
૽ଓ૶૵૷૶ૼ૿૳ૺଃ૵૲ଂଉ૷૶૷૲຅૴૿૾૶૳ૺଃ૵૲ૻ૲ଂ૴૷૲૵૲૵ଂ૿૶૳ૺૹૺ૵૲૽૳ૼ૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ૲
ຜɰȥǰȓȓřɰǰř ȥƥȓȓƥřຝ ૵૲ ૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଋૺ ຜʢƥǥȫƥɰȻȥ˘Ƈƥʀ
ȥʢʍřŽǰȓǰʀຝຄ ૽૲ૹ૴૲૾ ૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ଃ ૲ଈ૷ଃ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ຅૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶ຫ
૳ૺଃ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ૵૲ଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

286 287
 STROPHARIACEAE

૞૔૗૏ૄૐૡ્ૉૄ૎ૄ
Brick Tuft
Hypholoma lateritium

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿ଐૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૲૴ଆଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງૻૺ૵૶૶૳ଋૺຯଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺຯ૽ଆଈૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૴ଆ૽૳૲ૹૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ૵૲
ଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૽ૺૻຫ
ଂଆૼૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ
૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫො෢˥ැຄฌຫ෢ଃ૽ຄଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃ-
ଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ
૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶ຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଇ૶ଓૺଃ૸૶૵૲૾૲ଐૺૼଋૺ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૽ଆଂ૲
૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹງ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฆ˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹଃଈ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଆଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ
૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺૼ଄૿଄૶૳૸૶ຄຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄଋ૶ଃ૲ଏૼ૿૲຅૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶-
૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ຄ

288 289
 STROPHARIACEAE

૊ૄ૘ૢ૗૎ૌ૕૏ૄૐૡ્ૉૄ૎ૄ
Sheathed Woodtuft
Kuehneromyces mutabilis

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫ฀ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫૹ૲ଇૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ-
૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૻૺ૵૶૶૳ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺຯଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૶ଂૹૺଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴
ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૲૾ଆૼૺ຅
૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲ງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆ૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼຫ૵૲ଉ૲ଂଆૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฒ˥ැຄ෮ຫොຄ෮ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଋ૶૷ૺଐଂ૿૶૳ଆૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଆଓ૶ଋૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ଃ૸૶૷ૺૹຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଈ૷૶૷ૺૹຯ૽ଆଂ૲
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺຄଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ຯଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૸૶૽૿૵૲૾ຯ
ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎ଈଂ૶૳૲૵૲ଂ଍૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃ-
ଇଂ૿૾૲଒૵૶૷ૺ૷ૺૹງ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺງૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿଍૲ૼૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽ଆଂ૲ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ
૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺૹຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฆຄ෺˥෨ຄ෺ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽ଆଂ૲
ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ
ଓૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶ଔ૴ଆଇ૶૳૲૵຅
૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ૵૲૵૲૽଀૲ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ଓ૶૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺૼ଄૿଄૶૳૸૶຅
ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯ૾૲ଏ૷૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅૲ଂଋૺ૲૾૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଃૹ૲૾૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃ૶૳ૺଃ૴૲૽૿຅
૽ૺଃૺଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲૲ଂ૲ଂૺଃଂ૶ૻ૿૽૶૾૵૶૳ଆૼૺຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૽૿૽૲-
ૻ૷૵ૺ૾૶૳ૼ૲૵ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾૲ଂଋૺ૲૾૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ଋૺຜcřȓƥɰǰȫřȥřɰǒǰȫřʍřຝຄ૽ଃ૴૲૷-
ଃ૶૳૲ૺ૽૵૶૾૲૵૵ૺ૵ૺ૲຅ଂ૿૽ଃ૿ૻ૿ଃ૴૲૽૿଎૵ૺૼଋ૶૽૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૶ૼଃ૲଎ૻૺଋ૶ૺ-
ଏૼ૶૳૲૲૶ଂૺ૿ଃ૶ଂૹ૽૲૾૶ૹଋૺຄ૽ૹ૲૷૲ଂૺ຅ଂ૲଎ଆ૾૵૲૴૷૲ଓଃ૿૷૵૶ଃຆ૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ
૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૾૶૳૸૶຅૲૽ૺ଄૿૽૵૲ଆଋ૷૶૳૶ૼૺ૲
૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଋ૶ଂ૶ଆૼ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

290 291
 SUILLACEAE

ૢ૑૔્૎ૈૅૌૄૐૌે૗૏ૄ૕૑્૑
Weeping Bolete
Suillus granulatus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲຅ଋ૶-
૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૳ଆଂૹૺ-
ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଃଈ૶ૼૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ
ଇ૶૾ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ૲଀ૻૺૹງૻ૲૾ૺ
૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଃງૻૺ૵૶ຆଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ෮ຫฌ ˥ ොຯ෢ ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ

଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ૹૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵໲ຯ
ଐ૷ଂૺૼଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
ຯଉૺ૲ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૾૿ଂ଍૿-
૳૲ଋૺ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇଃ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ଐ૷૶૾ଃଐ૷૶ૹ૶૳ૺଃଃ૲ଓૺૹ຅ଂ૲଎૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴଄૿૷૶૳ଃ૽ଆଂ૲ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງฌຫොැ˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૶ૼૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵ଂ૶ૻ૲૵ૺ຅ଔ૶ଂຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺ-
ૹ૲ૼ૿ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ૺଃ૽ૺ૶ଂ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ
ଐ૷૶૾ૺ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂૺଐ૷૶૷ଃૻ૿૾଄૲ଈ଄ଆଂ૵૶ଂ૽૲଄ૺ଄ଃຄ

292 293
 SUILLACEAE

૝ૉૈ૗૎ૈૅ૔ૌૉૌે૗૏ૄ૕૑્૑
Slippery Jack
Suillus luteus

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫො෮ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ ຯ ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ ૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ
૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ
૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯଃଈ૶ૼૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺଇ૶૾ૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ
૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯૹଓ૶ૼૺଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺ૲଀ૻૺૹ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲຅ૻ૲૾ૺ૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃଏ૷ଂ૶૳૲
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଃງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ
૲଀ଂ૶ଓૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ෨ຫฒ ˥ ොຫ෢ ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ ຯ

૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲ຫ଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૽૲ଂ଎૷ૼ૿૷૲૾ຫ૵૲ଐૺ૾ଐૻૼଆૼૺ຅ଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ທ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ຆଃ૲ଊ૶ૼ૿ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅૲଀ૻૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ૼ૲૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଔ૶ଂ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴૽ଆଈ૵૶૳૲຅ଓ૵૶૳૲૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎
ଂૻ૲ૼૺ૷ૺૹ૶ૻ૷ଂૺଃଇ૶ଓଃຄ૷૿ૼ૷ૺଃ૴૲ଂ૶ଋ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬ૽ૺૼ૾૲ૺଂૺ຅ଐ૷ଂૺૼૺ຅૽૿૽ଂ૴૷૲ૼ૿ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺૹ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾
ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲૾૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૺଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴໲ຯ
ଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺງ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૲଀ૻૺૹຄ
ଇ૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃଋଂ૶૲૵૷ૺૼ૲૵ଃ଎ૺૼ૵૶૳૲ଈଆ૵ૺଃଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଃຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫොැ˥෨ຫ෨ຄ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽ଆଂ૲

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐ૷૾ૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ງଖ૲૶ଂ૸૶
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶
ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૾૲ૹ૶ૼ຅૽૸ૺ૲૾૲૵૴ૺૼ૶૳ଋૺ຅૲ଂଆଊ૷૲ଂଃଃૺ૾૶ଃ଄૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଃ૲૽ଓຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅ଋ૶૴ଂ૿૷૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽ૺଃ૽ૺ૶ଂ૴૲૽૿ଊ૿ଇૺૼૺ
ଐ૷૶૾ૺ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂૺଐ૷૶૷ଃૻ૿૾଄૲ଈ଄ଆଂ૵૶ଂ૽૲଄ૺ଄ଃຄ

294 295
 TAPINELLACEAE

૜ૄૉ૘ૈૢૄ૚૑૔ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Velvet Rollrim
Tapinella atrotomentosa

ଈଆ૵ૺຯฌຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃ-
ଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ
૿૵૾૲૷଍૲૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲-
ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଋૺଋ૷૶ૼૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫฌ˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ଆଈૺଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅
଎૶૾଄ଂ૲ૼଆଂૺ૲૾૶ଈଃ଎૶૾଄ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૴૷૶ଂ૵ૺૹૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૽૲૴૲ଂૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲ଈ૶଍ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓ૸૶૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ෮ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଆଃଆ૾૿ງ
૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૶૶૳ૺଃ
ଔૺଂૻ૶૳૸૶຅૵૲ଋૼૺૼ૽૶ଂଈ૲૾૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄૺଊ૶૾૶૳૶૾ଏ૲ଇૺଃଋ૶ଃ૲ଉ૶૳૲૵ຄૺଏૼ૶૷૲଎ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଃ૴ଂ૲૵૲଎ૺ૶૳ଃຄ

296 297
 TREMELLACEAE

૛ૉૌોૈ૎ૌ૖૔ૈ૏ૈ૎ૄ
Yellow Brain
Tremella mesenterica

૾૲ଊ૿ଇଃଓ૶ଆૼૺຯૼ૲૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଁ૶ૼ૶ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅଄૷ૺ૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂ૵૲-
૾૲૿଒૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૵૲૾૲ଐ૶૷ଂ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅෢ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺ
ຯଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ຫૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴૷૲ૼ૷ૺଃ૲ଃຯ૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂૺ຅ૻ૲૾ૺ૷ૺૹ૴૲૵૲ૻଂଆ-
ૼૺଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄૸૶຅ଐ૷ૺ૽ૺଃ૲ଃૺଃ૶૷ૺଔૺଂଔ૷ૼ૶૳૲૵૲૲ଉૺ૵૴૶૾ଃଃ૲ଐଊૺଃ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ଃຄ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૼ૲૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴૲૽଒૷ૺଂ૷૲ૼ૶຅ଆଃଆ૾૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງොැຫො෺˥฀ຫො෢૽ૻ૽

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૽ૹ૶ૼૺଐૼૺଃ૴૲૾૽૲૷ૼ૿૳૲ଋૺଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾ૺଓ૶૶-
૳ૺଃ૴૲૽ଓ૽૲ଂ຅ଓଂଐ૾૲૵૽૶ଂଈ૲૾ଃ૲૵૲଍૲૽૿଎૷૶૾ૺૼ଄૿଄૶૳૸૶ຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯ૸૿૴ૺ૶ଂૹଈ૷૶ଊ૲૾૲ଋૺ଒૲૽૶૾ຄ

298 299
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૏ૌૐેૉ૔ૌ૕૕૑્૑
Clouded Funnel
Clitocybe nebularis

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫ෢ැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ଉૺ૲ ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ ૲૾

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ຯଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ଇ૶ଂૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ
૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺຯଔ૶ଂଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૿૵૾૲૷૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ฀ຫො෢ ˥ ොຫ෨ ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅

ଏૺଂଋૺ໲ຯ૳૿ૼଈ૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂ૸૶໲ຯ
ଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฌ˥෨ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଇ૲ଋ૲ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲-
ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ຅ଓૺૼૺଃ૲૵૲ଊ૷૲૷ૺૼ૶૳ૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ-
଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅૲ଃ૶૷૶຅଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૳૲ଉ૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲຅ૹଆ૽଎૲຅૵ૺ૵ૺଂ૲૿૵૶૾૿૳ૺૹ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶-
૷૲ଋૺ຅ૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾
଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲ଋૺຜDȫʍȻȓȻȥřʀǰȫʢřʍʢȥຝຄ૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺ຅଎ଂଆ
ଈ૲૽૲ଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૷ૺଐଂ૿૲຅ଓଋૺଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲-
ૼૺଇ૶ଓ૸૶ງ૽ૺଃૺଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺଃ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲຅ଓ૿ૼ૿଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲
ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૵૶૳૲૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺૹຄ

300 301
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૕૗૔ૐૈ૎૑ૉૄૐૌ્૎ૌ૖૑૞ૌૅૈ
Aniseed Funnel
Clitocybe odora

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿ૼଆଂଔૺ຅૽૿૽ଐૺ-
ଇ૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆଔ૶ଂ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ
૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
ଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺ ຯ ෨ຫฆ ˥ ැຄ෺ຫො ଃ૽ງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅

ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ଂ૲૽૵૶૾૲૵૽૶૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂ૸૶ଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ຅ଏૺଂଋૺଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺງଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฆ˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૲૾ૺଃૺଃ૽ଏ૲ଇଂૺଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

302 303
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૞ૉૌ૎ૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌ્૎ૌ૖૑૞ૌૅૈ
Frosty Funnel
Clitocybe phyllophila

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂຫૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅
૽૲ଉ૲ૼૺ଄૶૾ૺ૲૾૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯૹૺૹଈ૿ଃଐଊૼૺૹ૴૲ଁଉ૶૾ૹૺૼૺૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ଀૲-
଄૲ଂ૲૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹ຅૳૿ૼ૿ଃଋଆ૲ଋૺ଍૲଒ଊૼ૶଄ૺૼૺ຅ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳-
ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺງ૵૲ଇ૲ଂଆૼૺ૲ૹ૶ૹଂૺ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
ଇ૶૾ૺૹ຅ଂ૿૽૶ૼૺ଎૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଃૻ૵૶૳૲૵૲ଈ૽૾ૺଃ૽૲ଂ૽૲ଂૺૼ૿ଃ૶૳ଂ૿ଂ૾૲-
૽૶૾଄ଃ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼ૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾ଋૺຯૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ଄૲ૼଉ૿-
૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฌ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅଍૲ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ-
૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶຅ଏૺଂଋૺ
ଋ૶૳ଆଃ૷ૺૼૺ຅૽ૺૻଂଆૼૺଃଆ૳ଃ଄ଂ૲଄ૺଃ૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૷ૺଐଂ૿຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅
૿૵૾૲૷૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶ຫ
૳ૺૹ໲ຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺ ຯ ଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ ૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ ෮ຫ෺ ˥ ෨ຫ෮ ૽ૻ૽ງ ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺ ຯ

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ
ଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅
଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଏૼૺ૶ଂଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄ૽ૺଉ૶૳ૺ૵૲૾૽૲ଈଃૺ૽ଆ૽૶ଈ૷ଃଃ૲૲ૹଋૺ
૷ૼૺ૾૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ૺଃૺ૽଀଄૿૽૶૳ૺຆଏૼૺ૶ଂૺ૽ଆ଎ૼૺଃ଄ૻૺ૷ૺૼૺ຅ଉ૶૳ૺ૾૶-
૳૲຅ଇ૲ଉ૲ଂ૲ૹૺ຅଒૲ଂ૳ૺ૿ଇૼૺ૲૾૿૳૲૵૲૾૶ଂଐଊ૷૵૶૾૲ງ૽ଏૺ૽૶ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶-
૷૶૳ଋૺຯଏૼૺ૶ଂૺଈ૿ଋૺ૾ૺ຅ૹ૲૷૳ଂଆଃଓ૷૶૷૲຅ଖ૲ૼଆ଎ૺ૾૲଎ૺ૲຅૲ଂ଄૶ଂૺଆૼૺ
ଐ૾૶૷ૺଃ૷૲ଂ૵૾૲૵૲଀ଆૼଃૺଃ૲଍ଈ૲ଂ૶૳૲ງ૽૿ଐ૲૽ૼଆૼૺૺଐଊ૶૳ଃ૳૿૵૷૲ଃ૵૲
ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲଍૲૷૲ଂ૵૶ଃૻ૿૽૲ଋૺຄ

304 305
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

ૅ૑૔૞ૉૄ્ૄ્૎ૌ૖૑૞ૌૅૈ
Trooping Funnel
Infundibulicybe geotropa

ଈଆ૵ૺ ຯ ෺ຫ෢ැ ଃ૽ ૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງ ଇ૶ଂૺຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ

૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଆଇ૶ଂଆૼ૵૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇଂ૲૽૵૶຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯଁ૲૾૴ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૿૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૲૷૶ଂ૵૿૷૲૾ૺງ
ૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෺ຫො෺˥෢ຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ૹ૲૾૲૳ଂ૲૵૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ
ଇ૶ଓૺଃଏૺଂૺ૵૲ଈଆ૵ૺૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૶ଂૹૺ૸૿૽ૺଃ૲૲ງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଓ૶ଋ૶ଋૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅
૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ฀ຫฆ˥෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ଄ଊ૲૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૾ଆଋૺଃଃଆଃ଄ૺଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾૲ૹ૶ૼଇ૿ૹૼ૿-
૷૲૾૵૲ଋ૶ଂ૶ଆૼ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૾૶ଋ૿૽଀૲ૼૺૹ
૽૵ૺ૵૲ଂ૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶ຄଓଋૺଂ૲૵ଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ຅ଃ૲૾૲૽ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ଄ଊ૲૷ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૴૲ଓ-
૵૶૳૲ຄ

306 307
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૟ૄૅ૔ૌ૕ૈૅ૔ૌ્૎ૌ૖૑૞ૌૅૈ
Common Funnel
Infundibulicybe gibba

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଈૺ଍૲-
ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૳૿ૻ૲ૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฆ˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂ૸૶૿૵૾૲૷ଉૺ૲ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૴ଂଏ૶ૼ૳૿଒ૻ૿-
૷૲૾ૺ຅ଏૺଂଋૺ૳ଆଃଆଃૺ૲૾ૺ຅ଆଓ૶ଋૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ຅૵૲ଉ૽૲૷૲ૼૺ຅
ૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ຫ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฆຄ෺˥෨ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
ૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૹ૶ૹଂૺງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૽૿଄ૻ૳૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾
૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଍૲૽૿૾૲଎૷૶૾૸૶຅૴૲૾ଃ૲ૻଆૹଂ૶૳ૺૹຯ૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺ-
ଂ૶૳ଋૺຄ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲૽ଓ૿ૼ૿૵ଈଆ૵ૺො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆ-
ଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃ຅ଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴
ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶-
૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ຄ

308 309
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

ૌૌ૕૘ૈ૔ૄ
Wood Blewit
Lepista nuda

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෺ຫො෺ଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽ଆଈૺૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଇଂ૿૳૲଎ૺ຅
૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૳ଂ଄ଊૼ૲૵૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅଀ଂૺ૲ૼ૲
૸૶૵૲଀ૺଂૺૹ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾໲ຯ
ଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෮ຫฒ˥ොຫ෢ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽ଆଈૺૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ
૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૽ଐૺଇ૶૳ૺଃ૲ଃຯଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲
ଋ૶ଇ૶ଂૺૼ૿૳ૺଃງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺ-
ૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ຯૻ૷૶ଂૹଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷ຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ૲૾ૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺງૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹ
ଆଇ૶ଂଆૼૺ຅૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງ฀ຫฌ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଉૺ૲ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଆଇଂ૿
ଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅ଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺ૴૲૵૲ຫ
଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶຅଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ
ଊૺ૾૷૶૳૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾૵૲ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଍૲૽૿૾૲-
଎૷૶૾૸૶ງ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଈ૽૾ૺଃຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃ຅ଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ଋ૶ૺଏຫ
ૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ຄ

310 311
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૎૗૔ૣ૘ૈૢૄ
Field Blewit
Lepista personata

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ฀ຫ෢ැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ ૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ ຯ ଉૺ૲ ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງ ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ
૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૳૲ૼૺଋૺଃ૶૳ଂૺງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆଃଈ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺງ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฆ˥ොຫ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૲૾૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿-
ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃૻ૶૾ຯ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷ຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૳૲૽૳ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງฆຫฌ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇ૲ଋ૲ଂૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଓૺૼૺଃଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲-
૴૸૶຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳૸૶຅ଃ૲ଏ૿૷ଂ૶૳૸૶຅૳૲ଉ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲଀૲ଂૻ૶૳ଋૺຄ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଈ૽૾ૺଃ
ຼଈ૲ଔૺଃଐଂ૶ଃຽຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ො෺ຫ෢ැຫଐଆૹૺ૲૾ૺૹ૶ଂ૽ଆૼૺ૵૲૽ଆଋ૲૷૶૳ૺଃଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຄ
૾૲૵ଆଉૺଐଊ૲ૼૺଆ૾૵૲૴૲૵૲ૺଉ૷૲ଂ૿ଃ຅ଐૺ૾૲૲ଉ૽૵૶૴ଋ૶૽ૹଓ૷૶૷૲ଋૺ຅ଋ૶ૺ-
ଏૼ૶૳૲૴૲૽૿ૺଐ૷ૺ૿ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ૽૿ଋૼ૲ຄ

312 313
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૚૔૗ૅૈ૎ૄພ૏ૈ૎ૄૐ૑຅૏ૈ૎ૐૌ૕૟ૌ૔ૄຠ
Sordid Blewit
Lepista sordida

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆଉૺ૲૽૶ૼ૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૾૲ଓ૶૷૲ଂଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ
૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅૲૽૿૸૾૶ଈૺૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ
ૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଋ૶ૻ૶଎ૺૼૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷૵૲૸૿ૼૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫ฀˥ොຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆଈଆ૵ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ໲ຯ
૽૿ଉଆ૾ଆૼૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଂ૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૽૶૾૲ଊ૿ଇຫ
ଃଓ૶ଆૼૺଇ૶ଓૺૹଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ૲ຄ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾ଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺງ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૽૿ૼଆଂଔ૿ຫ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿૲૾ଉૺ૲૽૶ૼ૾ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ଆଇ૶-
ଂଆૼ૵૶૳૲ຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯଃଇ૶ଂ૿ଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૿૵૾૲૷ଓ૿ଂૻૼૺ૲૾ૺງ෺ຄ෺ຫฆ˥෨ຄ෺ຫ෮૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒-
૵ૺຯ૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺ ຯ ૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ ଐଊૼૺ૲૾ૺ຅ ଉૺ૲ ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ

૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૴૲ଋଂ૿૳ૺଃ૲ଃ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽૿ଓ૲ຫ
଄ଆૼૺଃ૲ଃૺ૲૽૿૷૾૿ଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼଋૺ૵૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅૾૲ૹ૶ૼ
ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅૽૵૶ૼ૿૶૳ଃ૲૵૲
૳૲ଉ૶૳ଋૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૳૿ଃ଄૾૶૳ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯଊ૷૶ૼ૲ૻ૿૾଄ૺ૾૶૾଄ૺ

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃૺૺଃଇ૶ଂ૲ଋૺຜ‘ƥɦǰʀʍřȫʢƒřຝຄ
૽ૺଃ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅ଉଂଆ૳૶ૼ૲ଆଇଂ૿଀૲଄૲ଂ૲૸૿૽ૺଃ૲૲຅ૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿-
ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ૲૵૲૽ଊૺଇ૶ຄ

314 315
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૜ૄૉ૝૑ૢૄພોૄ૆૗ૐૄຠ
Coalman
Tricholoma portentosum

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෮ຫොැଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ଒ଆ଒ଊૺଃଇ૶ଂຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ଆଈૺ
૽ଆଂ૲ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૽૿ૺૺଃଇଂ૿૸૶ૹૺଃଓૺૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ૶ૼଇ૶-
ଂૺૹ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺຯଆଇଂ૿૽ଆଈૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅
૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶ૼૺ຅૲ଂ૲ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ
଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂ૲૵૴૲૾ૼ૲૴૶૳ଆૼૺ
૽ଆଈૺଈ૶ଂ଎ૼૺૹ຅૾૶ଃ଄ૺ૲૾૲૽ૺ૾૵ଋૺຯ૿૵૾૲૷ଐ૶૳૿૷૲૾ૺງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾
ຯଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯฆຫො෮˥ොຯ෨ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿຅ଏૺଂଋૺຯ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽૿଍૲ૼૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૺ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾ຫ
૵ଂଆૼૺ૲૾ଏૺଂଋૺ૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૽ଃଓ૷ૺૼ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ଓଋૺଂ૲૵ຯଉଂ૽૲૵଍૲૽ଔ૵૲ଂૺ
૾ૺ૲૵૲૴ଋૺງ ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ ຯ ૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅ ૽ૻ૷ଂૺ૷ૺ຅ ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅
ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଇଆଊ૶຅ଃૺ૴ଂଏૺ૷ຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૽૶଍ଓ૶ଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾૲૾ૹ૲૷ૺଃଆଇ૲ૼૺງૻଂ૶૽ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫ
૽૿଍૲ૼૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ૻଂૹ૲ૼૺ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ຫ૽૿૽ଐ૷૲૾૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෮ຫ฀˥෨ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ૲૾૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૶ଓଋૺ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺ-
ଃ૲ଃຯ૿૵૾૲૷૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺૹ຅ଇ૶ଓଋૺຯ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ૵૲ଇ૲ଋ૲ଂૺງ
૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺ૵૲૾૴૷ૺ૲૾ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૽૵૶຅଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼ
ଊૺ૾૷૶૳૲૽૵૶૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾૵૲ଋ૶ଂ૶ଆૼ଄ଊ૶૶૳ଋૺ຅ଆ૽૶଄૶ଃ૲૵ຯ
ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଋ૲૷଍૿ଓ૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺ-
૲૾ૺ଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଋૺຜôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřˋǰɰǒřʍʢȥຝຄଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎૲ଈ૷ଃ૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵
૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺ૵૲ଂ૿૽ૼૺଃଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ଃ૲૵૲ଇ૶ଓଃ
૲ଂ૲ଈ૷ૹ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺຄଋ૲૷଍૿ଓ૲ଏ૲ૼૺ૲૾ଖ૴૲૷ଃଂଆଓ଄ଂૺଈ૿-
ૼ૿૽૲ଃ૲଎ຜôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřʍƥɰɰƥʢȥຝຄ

316 317
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૔૗ૢૌ૖૔ૌ૙૑૎૑૏ૄ
Grey Knight
Tricholoma terreum

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฒଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ຫଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ
ૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૲૽૿૳ଆଂ଎ଆૼຫ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯૹૺૹଈ૽ૺଃ૳ଂ଄ଊ૶-
ૼૺ຅૲ଂ૲ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૺ຅ଋଆ૲ଋૺຯ૳ૼ૲૴૷ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଊૺଇ૶຅
૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹ૳૿଒ૻ૿૶૳ૺૺଋૼ૶૳૲૽૿૽଎ଂ૿
ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૶૳૲૵ງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯଃଐ૿ଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅૵૲-
ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺງ૾૿ଂ଍૿૳૲ଋૺ૶૽଍૾૶૷૲ૻ૶ଂଏ૿ଃ૲૳ଆଂ૷૶ૼૺଃ૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૾૲ଂ଍૶૾૶૳ૺຄ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ෨ຫฌ˥ොຫොຄ෺ଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆૹ૶ૹଂૺ຅૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾-
૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଃଐ૿ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૴ૼଆ૷ૺ຅ଈଆ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ૾૲ଇૺଇଈૺૹ຅
૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૲૽૿૷ଃ૶૳ଆૼૺ຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲૾૶૳ૺૹຯଇଆଊ૶

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯ૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾຅
૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽ଊૺଇ૶

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺ຅૴ૼଆ૷ૺງ෺ຫฆ˥෮ຫ෺૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງ૲ଓ૲ଃૺ૲ૹ૶૳ଃ
ଇଈ૷ૺૼૺଃଃଆ૾ૺງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽૲૸૶຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂຯ૸૲૽ૹ૲ଂଋૺ଎຅ଏૼૺ૶ଂ
ଊૺ૾૷૶૳૲૽૵૶຅૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଐૺଐ૷૿૷૲૾଄ଊ૶ଋૺ຅ଏૺଂૺૹ૲૵૲૵຅ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯૺ଒૽૶૷૲ຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯଂଆଓૺ଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾
૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଋૺຜôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřˋǰɰǒřʍʢȥຝຄଂ૿૽૶ૼଃ૲଎૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵
૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺ૵૲ଋ૶૵૲ଂ૶૳ૺૹૹଓ૶ૼૺଇ૶ଓૺ૲ଈ૷ଃຄ

318 319
 TRICHOLOMATACEAE

૊૑૎ૈૅૌૄૐૌ૖૔ૌ૙૑૎૑૏ૄ
Ashen Knight
Tricholoma virgatum

ଈଆ૵ૺຯ෨ຫฌଃ૽૵ૺ૲૽૶଄ଂૺଃງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇ૶ଂૺ຅ૻૺ૵ૺଃૻ૶૾ଆଇଂ૿ଉૺ૲ງງ
ଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆૹ૲૷ૺ૵૲૾ຯ૸૲ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂຫૻ૿૾ଆଃଆଂૺ຅ଋ૶૽૵૶૴ຯ૴૲ଋૼૺૼૺ຅଎૶૾଄ଂଋૺ
ૻ૲ଂ૴૲૵૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ຅ૻ૿૾ଆଃૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂ૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ
૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺૹງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅ૹଓ૶ૼଓ૿ଂ଎ૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽ଊૺଇ૶຅૽૳૸ૺ૾૲૷ૺ຅
ଂ૲૵ૺ૲ૼଆଂૺ૽ଆଂ૲૳૿଒ૻ૿૶૳ૺૹງૻૺ૵૶ຆૹଓ૶ૼૺ຅૸૿૴ଔ૶ଂଆଃଐ૿ଂ૽૲ଃଐ૿ଂ૿຅
଄૲ૼଉ૿૷૲૾ૺ຅૵૲ଓ૶ૹଈૺૼૺ

ଇ૶ଓૺຯ฀ຫฒ˥ැຄ෺ຫොଃ૽ງଇ૶ଂૺຆ૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ງଇ૿ଂ૽૲ຆ଎ૺૼૺ૾૵ଂଆૼૺ຅ଏૺଂૺଃ-
ૻ૶૾૿૵૾૲૷૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺງ଄૶ଈଃ଄ଆଂ૲ຆ૽ଋଂ૲ૼૺ຅૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂຫ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾ૺ

ଖૺ૽૶૾૿ଇ૿ଂૺ ຬଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ૺຯଓଋૺଂૺ຅૴૲૾ૺ૶ଂૺ຅ૻ૳ૺૼૺૹଋ૶૸ଂ૵ૺૼૺ
ଇ૶ଓૹ૲૾຅૲ଂ૲ૹ૲૾૲૳૲ଂૻૺ૵ૺ૲૾ૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿຅૽૿૴૷ૺ૲-
૾૶૳ૺૹଆ଍૾૵૶૳૲૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿ૼ૲ଈ૶૳ૺຄ

ଃ଀૿ଂ૶૳ૺຯ૶ૼૺଇଃଆଂૺງ฀ຫฆ˥෺ຫ฀૽ૻ૽ງ૲૾૲૳૶଒૵ૺຯૹ૶ૹଂૺ

ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ૺຯଂ૳ૺૼૺ຅૽૿ૹ૶ૹଂ૿ຫ૽૿૾૲଎ଂૺଃଇଂ૿ງଆଃଆ૾૿ງ૴૲૵૲଄૶ଓૺଃ૲ଃ
ଇ૶ଂଃ૲ଂૺ଎૷ૼૺଃຄ

ଖ૲૳ૺ଄૲଄ૺຯૺ૸ଂ૵૶૳૲ଋ૶૽૿૵૴૿૽ૺ૵૲૾૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃ଀ૺଂ૷૶ૼଊૺ૾૷૶૳૲૽૵૶
૾ૺ૲૵૲૴૸૶຅ଇૺ଒૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଃ૲૵૲૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ଋૺ຅ૺଋ૷ૺ૲ૹ૲૵ଇ૿ૹૼ૿૷૲૾
଄ଊ૶ଋૺຄ

૴૲૷ଂ଎૶ૼ૶૳૲ຯ૶૷ଂ૿଀૲຅૲૸ૺ૲຅଍ଂ૵ຄ૲૽૶ଂૺૻ૲຅૲ଇଂૺૻ૲຅૲૷ଃ଄ଂ૲ૼૺ૲

૴૲૽૿ଊ૶૾૶૳૲ຯଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺ૲ຄૺଐ૷૶૷ଃଃ૲଒૽ૼૺଃ૽૿૽૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼૺଃૺଃ଄૶૽ૺଃ
૽૿ଋૼ૲ଃຄ

૽ଃ૴૲૷ଃૺଃ૲ଓ૶૿૳૶૳ૺຯ૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଋ૶ૺଏૼ૶૳૲૲૴૷૶ଂૺ૿ଃ
ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼଋ૲૷଍૿ଓ૲ଃ૲ຜôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřɦȻɰʍƥȫʍȻʀʢȥຝ૵૲ଂଆଓ଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଋૺ
ຜôɰǰƇǥȻȓȻȥřʍƥɰɰƥʢȥຝຄ૽૲ૹ૴૲૾૴૲૾ଃଓ૷૲૷૶૳ૺૹ຅૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ଃ
૲ଈ૷ଃ૽ૻ૷૶ૹଂ૲૵૴૲૽૿ଓ૲଄ଆૼૺଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻૺ຅ଇૺଂଇૺ଄૶૳ଃ૲૵૲
ଇ૶ଓ૸૶ૻૺ૲ଂ૲ଈ૷ଃ૽૿ଊ૷ૺૹ૲ૼ૿૶ૼଇ૶ଂૺຄ

320 321
૕૑્૑ૈૅૌ૕૎ૄોૌૐ૗૔ૌ
૕ૄૢૈ૎ૠ૑ેૈૅૈૅૌ૕૕ૄ૟ૌૈૅૈ૎ૌ
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌŚƀɼʯɱʚǶƀʯțƀʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨฀
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌŚɼ˙ƩȳʌǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ฌ຅෺෢
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌŚʯǗʯʌʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮ැ຅෺ැ
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌƀǶʚɄɼɸʯǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮෢
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌƊŚȭɱƩʌʚɼǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෮෢຅෮෮຅෺෢
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌɱțŚƊɄȭ˦ƊƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෮฀
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌʌ˦ț˙ŚʚǶƊʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺ැ
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌʌ˦ț˙ǶƊɄțŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෮ฌ
ǗŚɼǶƊʯʌ˥ŚȳʚǫɄƖƩɼȭʯʌ
 ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨฀຅෨ฌ຅෮෮຅෮ฌ຅෺෢
ȭŚȳǶʚŚƊŚƩʌŚɼƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆ෢຅ฌ෮
ȭŚȳǶʚŚƊƩƊǶțǶŚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆ෮
ȭŚȳǶʚŚƊǶʚɼǶȳŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฆ฀
ȭŚȳǶʚŚƊɼɄƊƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆฌ຅ฌැ
ȭŚȳǶʚŚǒʯț˙Śຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌැ
ȭŚȳǶʚŚǗƩȭȭŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฆฌ຅ฌැ຅ฌ෢
ȭŚȳǶʚŚȭʯʌƊŚɼǶŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฒ຅ฆ෢຅ฌ෮
ȭŚȳǶʚŚɄ˙ɄǶƖƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌ฀
ȭŚȳǶʚŚɱŚȳʚǫƩɼǶȳŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌฌ຅ฒ෢
ȭŚȳǶʚŚɱǫŚțțɄǶƖƩʌ
 ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨฀຅෨ฌ຅෮෮຅෮ฌ຅ฆ฀຅ฒැ຅ฒ෮
ȭŚȳǶʚŚɼʯƀƩʌƊƩȳʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌฌ຅ฒ෢
ȭŚȳǶʚŚ˙ŚǗǶȳŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒ෮
ȭŚȳǶʚŚ˙ƩɼȳŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ຅෨ฌ຅෮෮຅ฆ฀຅ฒ฀
ȭɱʯțțɄƊțǶʚɄƊ˦ƀƩƊțŚ˙ǶɱƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀ฌ
ɼȭǶțțŚɼǶŚȭƩțțƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ො෮຅෢ො฀຅෢ฌ฀
ʯɼǶƊʯțŚɼǶŚŚʯɼǶƊʯțŚຫȍʯƖŚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌฌ
'ɄțƩʚʯʌƩƖʯțǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ෢຅ොැ෮຅ො෢ැ
'Ʉ˙ǶʌʚŚɱțʯȭƀƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺෮
/ŚțɄƊ˦ƀƩǗŚȭƀɄʌŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෨ฌ຅ොฌฌ
/Śț˙ŚʚǶŚǗǶǗŚȳʚƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺฀
/ŚȳʚǫŚɼƩțțʯʌƊǶƀŚɼǶʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢฀຅ොฆ฀
/ƩɼǶɄɱɄɼʯʌʌɸʯŚȭɄʌʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢ฌ
/ǫțɄɼɄɱǫ˦țțʯȭɼǫŚƊɄƖƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺ฌ
/ǫɼɄɄǗɄȭɱǫʯʌɼʯʚǶțʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෺෢
/țŚ˙ŚɼǶŚƖƩțɱǫʯʌʚɼʯȳƊŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෨෢
/țǶʚɄƊ˦ƀƩȳƩƀʯțŚɼǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෨ฌ຅෨ැැ
s˦ɱǫɄțɄȭŚǒŚʌƊǶƊʯțŚɼƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ො෮຅෢ฌ฀ ¨ƩɄƀɄțƩʚʯʌƩɼ˦ʚǫɼɄɱʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො෮຅ොො฀
s˦ɱǫɄțɄȭŚțŚʚƩɼǶʚǶʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฌฌ ¨ƩɄțƩȳʚǶȳʯʌțƩɱǶƖƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮෮
|ȭțƩɼǶŚƀŚƖǶŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ෮຅ො෢ැ åŚȳʯʌɼʯƖǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨෮
|ȳǒʯȳƖǶƀʯțǶƊ˦ƀƩǗƩɄʚɼɄɱŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ැ฀ åŚ˥ǶțțʯʌǶȳ˙Ʉțʯʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ොැ
/țǶʚɄƊ˦ƀƩɄƖɄɼŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ැ෢
|ȳǒʯȳƖǶƀʯțǶƊ˦ƀƩǗǶƀƀŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ැฌ åǫŚțțʯʌǶȭɱʯƖǶƊʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ො෢
/țǶʚɄƊ˦ƀƩɱǫ˦țțɄɱǫǶțŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ැ෮
|ȳɄƊ˦ƀƩƩɼʯƀƩʌƊƩȳʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ෢ åǶʌɄțǶʚǫʯʌŚɼǫǶ˲ʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฆฌ
/țǶʚɄɱǶțʯʌɱɼʯȳʯțʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෨฀຅ො෨ฌ
|ȳɄƊ˦ƀƩǗƩɄɱǫ˦țțŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ෮ åțƩʯɼɄʚʯʌƊɄɼȳʯƊɄɱǶŚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢ැ຅෢෢෮
/ɄɱɼǶȳƩțțʯʌȭǶƊŚƊƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ຅෢෨฀
|ȳɄƊ˦ƀƩɼǶȭɄʌŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ฀ åțƩʯɼɄʚʯʌƩɼ˦ȳǗǶǶຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢෢
/ɄɱɼǶȳɄɱʌǶʌŚʚɼŚȭƩȳʚŚɼǶŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ຅෢෨ฌ
”ʯƩǫȳƩɼɄȭ˦ƊƩʌȭʯʚŚƀǶțǶʌ åțƩʯɼɄʚʯʌɄʌʚɼƩŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢ැ຅෢෢෮
/ɄɱɼǶȳʯʌƊɄȭŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ฀ැ
 ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆฌ຅෢ฌ฀຅෢ฒැ ìŚȭŚɼǶŚ̆Ś˙Śຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮ฌ
/ɄɼʚǶȳŚɼǶʯʌƊŚțțǶʌʚƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෨෮
˜ŚƊƊŚɼǶŚțŚƊƊŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀฀ ìŚȭŚɼǶŚǒɄɼȭɄʌŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෺ැ
/ɼŚʚƩɼƩțțʯʌƊɄɼȳʯƊɄɱǶɄǶƖƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෢ฌ
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌŚʯɼŚȳʚǶŚƊʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮ැ ìʯƀɼɄƀɄțƩʚʯʌʌŚʚŚȳŚʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොො෮຅ොො฀຅ොොฌ
/ɼŚʚƩɼƩțțʯʌʚʯƀŚƩǒɄɼȭǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෨ැ
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌƖƩțǶƊǶɄʌʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮෢ ìʯʌʌʯțŚŚƖʯʌʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෺ฌ
9ƩʌŚɼȭǶțțŚɼǶŚʚŚƀƩʌƊƩȳʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ො෮຅෢ො฀
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌ̆Ʃ˥ʯɄʌʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮෮ ìʯʌʌʯțŚŚƩɼʯǗǶȳƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀ැ
9ǶʌƊǶȳŚŚȳƊǶțǶʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌɱǶɱƩɼŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮฀຅෢෺෢຅෢฀฀ ìʯʌʌʯțŚŚʯɼƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀෢
HƊǫǶȳɄƖƩɼȭŚŚʌɱƩɼʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀෢
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌʌƊɼɄƀǶƊʯțŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮ฌ ìʯʌʌʯțŚƊ˦ŚȳɄ˥ŚȳʚǫŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀෮
HȳʚɄțɄȭŚʌǶȳʯŚʚʯȭຄຄ ො෨฀຅ො෨ฌ຅ොฌฌ຅෨ැැ
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌʚɄɼȭǶȳɄʌʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෺ැ ìʯʌʌʯțŚƖƩțǶƊŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀฀
eǶʌʚʯțǶȳŚǫƩɱŚʚǶƊŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮ැ
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌ˙ƩțțƩɼƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺෢ ìʯʌʌʯțŚƩȭƩʚǶƊŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀ฌ຅෢ฆ෮
ețŚȭȭʯțǶȳŚ˙ƩțʯʚǶɱƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆฌ຅෢ොฌ
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌ˙ɄțƩȭʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෺෮ ìʯʌʌʯțŚǒɄƩʚƩȳʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฆැ
eɄȭƩʌǒɄȭƩȳʚŚɼǶʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෨ැ
˜ŚƊʚŚɼǶʯʌ˲ɄȳŚɼǶʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෺฀ ìʯʌʌʯțŚɼǶʌǶǗŚțțǶȳŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฆ෢
eɄȭǶʚɄɱʌǶʌƀƩʚʯțǶȳŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮෢
˜ŚƩʚǶɱɄɼʯʌʌʯțɱǫʯɼƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨෢ ìʯʌʌʯțŚɼɄʌƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฆ෮
hŚțƩɼǶȳŚȭŚɼǗǶȳŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆฌ຅෢ොฌ຅෢ฒැ
˜ƩƊƊǶȳƩțțʯȭƊɼɄƊǶɱɄƖǶʯȭ ìʯʌʌʯțŚ˙ǶɼƩʌƊƩȳʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฆ฀
h˦ȭȳɄɱʯʌƖɼ˦ɄɱǫǶțʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒ෮຅෢ැ෮
 ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ฀຅ොැฌ຅ොො෢ öŚɼƊɄƖɄȳǶȭƀɼǶƊŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැැ
h˦ȭȳɄɱʯʌǒʯʌǶɱƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ැ฀
˜ƩƊƊǶȳƩțțʯȭǗɼǶʌƩʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැฌ຅ොො෢ öŚɼƊɄʌƊ˦ɱǫŚƊɄƊƊǶȳƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨෢
h˦ɼɄƖɄȳțǶ˙ǶƖʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ැฌ
˜ƩƊƊǶȳʯȭŚʯɼŚȳʚǶŚƊʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොොැ öƊțƩɼɄƖƩɼȭŚƊǶʚɼǶȳʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฌැ
h˦ɼɄȭǶʚɼŚƩʌƊʯțƩȳʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮຅෢฀
˜ƩƊƊǶȳʯȭʌƊŚƀɼʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ฀຅ොැฌ຅ොො෢ öƊțƩɼɄƖƩɼȭŚ˙ƩɼɼʯƊɄʌʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฌ෢
h˦ɼɄȭǶʚɼŚǗǶǗŚʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀
˜ƩɱǶɄʚŚƀɼʯȳȳƩɄǶȳƊŚɼȳŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀෮຅฀฀ öɱŚɼŚʌʌǶʌƊɼǶʌɱŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฌ෮
hɄȭɱǫǶƖǶʯʌǗțʯʚǶȳɄʌʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෺෮
˜ƩɱǶɄʚŚƊɼǶʌʚŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ฀฀ öʯǶțțƩțțʯʌțʯɼǶƖʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො฀຅ොොฌ
hɄȭɱǫʯʌƊțŚ˙Śʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮฀
˜ƩɱǶʌʚŚȳʯƖŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ොැ຅෨ො෮ öʯǶțțʯʌǗɼŚȳʯțŚʚʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒ෢
hɼǶǒɄțŚǒɼɄȳƖɄʌŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ැැ
˜ƩɱǶʌʚŚɱƩɼʌɄȳŚʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ො෢ öʯǶțțʯʌțʯʚƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฒ෮
sƩƀƩțɄȭŚƊɼʯʌʚʯțǶȳǶǒɄɼȭƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฌැ
˜ƩɱǶʌʚŚʌɄɼƖǶƖŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ො෮ ĂŚɱǶȳƩțțŚŚʚɼɄʚɄȭƩȳʚɄʌŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฒ฀
sƩț˙ƩțțŚțŚƊʯȳɄʌŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ
˜˦ƊɄɱƩɼƖɄȳɱƩɼțŚʚʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ฀ฌ Ă˦țɄɱǶțʯʌǒƩțțƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ෢຅ොැ෮຅ො෢ැ
sƩɼǶƊǶʯȭƊǶɼɼǫŚʚʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෺฀
˜˦Ʉɱǫ˦țțʯȭƖƩƊŚʌʚƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒැ ĂɼƩȭƩțțŚȭƩʌƩȳʚƩɼǶƊŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฒฌ
sƩɼǶƊǶʯȭƊɄɼŚțțɄǶƖƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෺ฌ຅ො฀෢
¤ŚƊɼɄțƩɱǶɄʚŚɱɼɄƊƩɼŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺ฌ຅ฆැ ĂɼǶƊǫɄțɄȭŚɱɄɼʚƩȳʚɄʌʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ො฀຅෨෢ැ
sƩɼǶƊǶʯȭƩɼǶȳŚƊƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀ැ
¤ŚɼŚʌȭǶʯʌƊɄțțǶȳʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒ෢຅ොฒ෮ ĂɼǶƊǫɄțɄȭŚʚƩɼɼƩʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ො฀຅෨ොฌ຅෨෢ැ
sƩɼǶƊǶʯȭ̆ŚǗƩțțʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෺ฌ຅ො฀෢
¤ŚɼŚʌȭǶʯʌɄɼƩŚƖƩʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒ෢຅ොฒ෮຅෢ැ෮ ĂɼǶƊǫɄțɄȭŚ˙ǶɼǗŚʚʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ො฀຅෨ොฌ຅෨෢ැ
s˦ƖȳʯȭɼƩɱŚȳƖʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀෮
¤ƩɼǶɱǶțʯʌǗǶǗŚȳʚƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ැ෢ ĂʯƀƩɼŚƩʌʚǶ˙ʯȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨෮
s˦ǗɼɄƊ˦ƀƩƊɄƊƊǶȳƩŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆැ
¤˦ƊƩʚǶȳǶʌŚțțǶŚƊƩʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒ฀ įɄț˙ŚɼǶƩțțŚƀɄȭƀ˦ƊǶȳŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢฀
s˦ǗɼɄƊ˦ƀƩƊɄȳǶƊŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆ෢
¤˦ƊƩʚǶȳǶʌʌƊɄɼɄƖɄȳǶʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒฌ ĺƩɼɄƊɄȭƩțțʯʌƊǫɼ˦ʌƩȳʚƩɼɄȳຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෢෢
s˦ǗɼɄɱǫɄɼɄɱʌǶʌŚʯɼŚȳʚǶŚƊŚຄຄຄො෢฀຅ොฆ฀
¤ɄɼƊǫƩțțŚƩʌƊʯțƩȳʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ ĺƩɼɄƊɄȭʯʌʌʯƀʚɄȭƩȳʚɄʌʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෢෮
s˦ǗɼɄɱǫɄɼʯʌɼʯʌʌʯțŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆ෮
૕૑્૑ૈૅૌ૕૙ૄ૔ો૗૎ૌ
૕ૄૢૈ૎ૠ૑ેૈૅૈૅૌ૕૕ૄ૟ૌૈૅૈ૎ૌ
૲૳૶૵ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຝ૳૶૳૶ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅
૷૲૾૶ଃ૲຅ૻ૷૶ଁ૿຅ଖ૿૳૶૵ૺ૲ଈຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨ැ
૲૳ଂ૶ଋଆ૽ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ
૷૿ૼ૷૲ଂૺ૶ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢฀
૲ૼଆ૳ૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨฀
૲ଂଊ૲ຝ૲ଂଊ૲ૺ຅૷૲ଂଊ૲຅ଂଏૺ૲૾૲
ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଃ૿ૻ૿଀ૺૼ଀ૺૼ૲ૺຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮฀
૲ଂଊૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෮෢
૲ଂଊૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො෢
૲ଂଋૺ૲૾ૺ૴૲ૼ૶ଂૺ૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆฌ
૳૶૳૶ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ฀
૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆ฀
૳૿ଂ଎૷૲ૻ૲ૻૼૺ଄૿଎ૺ૳૶ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ฀
૳ଉ૲૷૲૾૲
ຝૻ૲଄૲૽଒ଊ૲૷૲૾૲຅ଔଉ૲૷૲૾૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀ฌ
૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැ෮
૴૲૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃଋଓ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒ฀
૴૸ૺଃ଀ૺଂ૲૲૳ૼ૲૳ଆ૵૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨෮
૴ૺ૴૲૾଄ଆଂૺ૲૳૶૵૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැ෢
૴ૺ૴૲૾଄ଆଂૺ૾૲૿଒૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀
૴ૺ૴૲૾଄ଆଂૺଇଋଆૻଆ૾૲
ຝଇଆଂଇ૲ଋ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺฀
૴ଆૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀ැ
૴ଆଂ૸ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻૼૺ଄૿଎ૺ૳૶ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀ฌ
૵૲ૹ૷ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຝ૵૶૵૲૳૶ଂ૲຅
૳૶૳૶ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ૻଂૺ૲૾଄૶ૼૺ຅
ଏૺଂ૳ଆૻ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ෢
૶ૻૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺૼ૶଀ૺ૿଄૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ฀෢
૶૾ૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૳૲ଐ૲ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺฀
૷૶ଂଓ૷ૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොොැ
૷ૺଂૺଃଔૺ૽ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆ෢
૸૲૽ૹଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ොฌ
૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒැ
૸૿ૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨෢ැ
ૹ૲૷଒૶૵ૺૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฌฌ
ૹૺૹૺଃ଄૲ଂ૲ૻ૿ૼૺ૳ૺ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැ฀
ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ොැ
૾૲ଂૺ૾ଔૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଂଏૺ૲૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮ැ ଈ૶ଂ଎ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺଇૺଂଇૺ଄ૻ૳ૺૼ૲ො෮෮
૾૲ଉ૷૶ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢ැ ଈ૷૶ଊ૾ૺଃ૴ଆૼૺຝଃ૲૵૽૲૽૴ૼૺଔ૶຅
૾૲଎૲ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮෮ ૽ଆ଎૶ૼ૴૷ଂ૶૽ૺ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ො෢
૾૲ଏ૷૾૲ଂ૶૳ૺଃૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺෮ ଉ૲ଁ૲ଁ૿ຝଔଉૺ૳ૼ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ෮
ૺଂ૶૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຝ૸ଉ૲ଂ૳૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຟຄຄຄ ොැැ
૾ૺ૿ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒฌ ଉ૷ૺ૾ૺ૿ຝଉ૷ૺ૾ଆ૶ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀෮
ૺଂ૽ૺଃ૳૲ଐ૲ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺ฌ
૾ૺଊ૷ૺຝ૽૲ૼଈ૷૲ૼ૲຅૾૶ଊ૷຅ ଉ૷ૺଏૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮ැ
ૺଂ૽ૺଃ଄ଆ଍૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො฀෮
ଃ૿ૻ૿ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓ૲຅ଃ૿ૻ૿ଐૺૹ૶ૼ૲ຟຄຄຄ ฆ෢ ଉ૿ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ොැ
ૻ૷૶ଂ଎ଓૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄ ฌ฀
૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆฌ ଉଂଆ૳૶ૼ૲ຝ૽૶ૼ૲૾૿ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ො෮
ૻ૿૽૳૲ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨෢
૿ଈଂ૿ଃଇ૶ଂૺଓଂ૲ଋଆ૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀෢ ଊ૲૷ૺଃଇ૶ଂૺૼ૶଀ૺ૿଄૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀෮
ૻଂ૲૷૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො฀෢
଀૲଄ଆૺ૲ଂૺଃ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฌ෢ ଊ૷૶ૼૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຝૻ૲଎ૺଊଆଂ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨෮
ૼଆଂଔଇ૶ଓ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ො෢
ଂ૳ૺૼ૿૳ଐૺૹ૶ૼ૲ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૲૳૶૵૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෨෢
૽૲ૺଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌฌ
ଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺ฌ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ૳ૺૼଐ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌ෢
૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ຝ૽૲૾଒ૻ૿ଂ૲຅
ଂଆଓૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒ෮ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ଀૲଒ૺ଒૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮ฌ
૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ଂ૲ૺ຅૽ଆ૾଒ૻଆଂଆ૲຅
ଂଆଓૺ଄ଂૺଈ૿ૼ૿૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ොฌ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺଃ૲଍૶଍૶ૼ૲
૽૲଒ଆ૾ૻ૲ૼ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ො෮
ଂ଎ଓૺૼૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැฌ ຝૺଂ૽ૺଃଂଈ૲຅ૺଂ૽ૺଃ଍ଓ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮ฌ
૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ଃ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ฀
ଃ૲૷૲ଂ଎ଓ૶ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෺෢ ଊ૷ૺૹ૶ૼૺ଄ଂ૶૽૶ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒฌ
૽૲ଂ଄ૺ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො฀฀
ଃ૲૷૲ଂ଎ଓ૶ૼ૲ૼ૶଀ૺ૿଄૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀฀ ଊଆଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຝ૴૲ଂ૵૲૽ଂૺ૵૲຅
૽૲ଂଐଊ૷ૺ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฒ෢
ଃ૲૽૶ଇ૿ଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮ැ ૻ૲଎ૺଃଊଆଂ૲຅ଊଆଂ଒૲଄૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒฌ
૽૲଍૲ૼ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢ැ
ଃ૲૾૶ૼ૶૳૶ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒ฀ ଋ૲૷ଇ૶ଓ૲ଉ૿ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒ฀
૽૴ૼૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨฀
ଃ૲଄૲૾૲ଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො฀ ଋ૲૷଍૿ଓ૲ຝૹ૲૴ଆ૾૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ො฀
૽૵૶ૼ૿ଃଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮෮
ଃ૲ଉ૶૳૲૷ૺ଀ૺ૸૿ૼૺ଄ଆଃૺຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆฌ ଋଓ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒැ
૽૶ଂ଎ଓ૲ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿
ଃ૲଒૽૶ૼૺ଄ଂૺଆଇ૶ૼૺ ଋଓ૲૽ૺ૲૾ૺଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺෢
ຝ૴૷૶ૼૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀ැ
ຝ૸૲ଇଓଆૼૺଃ଄ଂଆଇ૶ૼૺຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨෮ ଍૷૶ଆૼ૶૳ଂૺ૷ૺ૵ଆ૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒ෮
૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැැ
ଃ૶ଃૺૼૺ૲ଃૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆ෮ ଎૲૵૲૽૲ଊ૷૲૾૲ຝଐૺૹ૶ૼૺଋଓ૲૽૲ຟຄ ฌ෮
૽ૺ૾૵૷ଂૺଃଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ฌ
ଃૺૼૺ૿ຝ૽૶ૼ૾ૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଃૺૼૺଃ ଎૷ૺૼૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻૼૺ଄૿଎ૺ૳૶ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ෮
૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ຝ૽૶ૼ૲ૻଆ૵૲຅૽૶ૼૺଃଊଆଂ૲຅
ଃ૿ૻ૿຅ଈ૷ૺଋ૲૾ଐଊଆଂૺຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨ฌ ଎ଂଆ૴ଆ૵૲ଇଋଆૻ૲
ଈ૲ૹ૲૽૳૲ଂૻ૲ૼ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢฀
ଃ଄૶଀ૺଃଓ૶ૹ૲૽ଓ૲ૼૺຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢෢ ຝଃ૲૳ଂ૽૿૳૶ૼ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌැ
૽ૺଐ૲ଊ૲ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺฀
ଃଆଂ૾૶ૼ૿૷૲૾ૺૻૼૺ଄૿଎ૺ૳૶ຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ෢ ଎ଂଆ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆ฀
૽ૺଐૺଃ૶ଆૼૺ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ෮
଄ଆଂૺ଀ଂ૿଒૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨෢ ଎ଂଆଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨ฌ
૽૿૷૲ଂ૵ૺଃଇଂ૿ଃ૲଍૶଍૶ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺ැ
଄ଊ૷ૺૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଇଋଆૻଆ૾૲ ଎ଂଆ૽૲૾଒ૻ૷૲ૼ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌฌ
૽଄ଂ૶૵ૺ૿ຝ଄ଂ૶૵૿຅ଓଂ૲ଋଆ૾૲ຟຄ ෢฀ැ
ຝ૴ଆ૵૲ଇଋଆૻ૲຅ૻଆଃૻଆଃ૶ૼ૲຅ ଎ଂଆଓଂ૲ଋଆ૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌැ
૽ଆଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຝଋ૲૷଍૿ଓ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅
ଃ૲଎ଆ૲ଂ૲ૺ຅଎ଆ૲૾૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺෮ ଎ଓ૶૾ૺଃૻ૳ૺૼ૲ຝଓ૲ଂૺଃૻ૳ૺૼ૲ຟຄຄຄ ෢฀฀
଍૿ଓૺ૿຅଍૿ଓ૲ଋ૲૷૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺ฌ
଄ଊૺଃଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺ැ ଏ૲૳ଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢ฌ
૽ଆଂଊ૾ૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැฌ
଄ଊૺଃ଀ૺଂ૲ଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮ฌ ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺૻૼૺ଄૿଎ૺ૳૶ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැฌ
૽ଆଓૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොොฌ
଄ଊଆ૳ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ො฀ ଏ૲૳ଂૺଃ૶૳ଂૺ૽ૺଈૼૺ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨ැ
૽ଊଂ૲ૼૺଓଂ૲ଋଆ૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆැ
ଆ૾૲૴ૺଂ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฌ ଏ૲ଂଉ૷૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෮฀
૽ଐ૷૲૾૶ଓ૲૷ଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢෮
ଇ૶ଓૺ૲૾ૺ଎ଂଆ૴ଆ૵૲ଇଋଆૻ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ෢ ଏ૶ଂ૲૾૲ຝ૽ଏ૶ଂ૲຅ଈ૿ଂૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿຅
૽଒૲૵૲ຝ૽଒૲૵ૺ૿຅૽଒૲૵૿຅଒૲૵૿຅
ଇૺ଒૷ૺଃ૵ૺଃ଎ૺ૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢ ଈ૿ଂ૿૸૿ૻ૿຅ଏ૶ଂૺૻ૲຅ଏ૶ଂ૿ຟຄຄຄຄ ෢෢ฌ
૴ଆૺ૸ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮෢
ଇଈ૷ૺૼૺ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆ෢ ଏૺଂ૳૿ૼଈ૷૲ଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨฀
૾૲૳૲૵૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺ැ
ଈ૲ૼ૲ଈૺଃଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෮෢ ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺૼૺ૷ૼૺ૷૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฌැ
૾૲૿଒૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮
ଐ૲૳ૼૺଃଇ૶ଂૺଓ૲૷ଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ෮
ଐ૶ଂ૿ଃଐ૷ૺ૷૲ຝ૽૴૸૲૷ଂૺ૿຅૷ૺଔૺ
ଈ૿ଂ૴૿ૼ຅ଐ૶ଂ૲ଐଆ૲຅ଐ૶ଂ૶ଐ૿຅
ଐ૶ଂ૶ଃ଄૿຅ଐ૶ଂ૿ଋ૳૿ૻ૿຅
ଐ૿ଂ૲ଃଐ૿ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆැ
ଐ૷૶଄ૺ૲૾ૺ૳૿଒ૻ૿૷૲૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ฀
ଐૺૹ૶ૼૺૼ૿ଂଐ૿૷૲૾૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺෢
ଐૺૹ૶ૼૺଖૺ૴ଂ૿଎ૺ૳૶ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆැ
ଐૺૹ૶ૼૻ૲૳૲
ຝଐૺૹૼૺ૿຅ଈ૷૶ଋଐૺૹ૶ૼ૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆ෮
ଐૺૹ૶ૼଇ૶ଓ૲૽ଆଓૺଃଏૺଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො෮
଒૶଒ૻ૶଄૲ຝ૽଒૲૵૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺෮
଒ଂ૶ૼૺଈ૲૽૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮฀
଒ଂ૶ૼૺଓ૲૷ଃૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢෢
ଓ૲ଂૺଃଇ૲ଋ૷૲ຝૺଂ૽ૺଃ଄ଆ଍૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ
ଓ૲ଓ૷ૺૼ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆ฀
૕૑્૑ૈૅૌ૕ૌૐ૆૎ૌ૕૗૔ૌ
૕ૄૢૈ૎ૠ૑ેૈૅૈૅૌ૕૕ૄ૟ૌૈૅૈ૎ૌ
țƖƩɼ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැฌ
ȳǶʌƩƩƖeʯȳȳƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ෢
ʌǫƩȳ”ȳǶǗǫʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨෢ැ
'Ś˦'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ෮
'ƩŚɼƖƩƖȭŚȳǶʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฌ฀
'ƩŚɼƖƩƖĂɄɄʚǫຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀ැ
'ƩƩǒʌʚƩŚȕeʯȳǗʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮ැ
'ǶɼƊǫåɄț˦ɱɄɼƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෮෢
'ǶʚʚƩɼ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢ැ
'țŚƊȕƩȳǶȳǗijŚ˥ƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆ෢
'țʯʌǫƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฒ෢
'țʯʌǫǶȳǗijɄɄƖ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺ැ
'ɼŚȳƊǫǶȳǗ¹˦ʌʚƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢ැ
'ɼǶƊȕĂʯǓʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌฌ
'ɼɄ˝ȳ'ǶɼƊǫ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො෢
'ɼɄ˝ȳìɄțțìǶȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ොැ
/ŚƩʌŚɼເʌȭŚȳǶʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฆ෢
ଓ૶ૹ૲૽ଓ૲ૼૺຝૻ૲ૼ૽૲ଓ૲຅ૻ૲ૼ૽૲ଓ૲
૸૿ૻ૿຅଄ଊଆ૳૶ૼ૲຅ଐૺଇૼૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿຅
ଐૺଇଂ૲ଋ଄ଊଆ૳ଆૼ຅ଓૺଃଃ૿ૻ૿ຟຄຄຄຄ෢෢෮
ଓ૿ଂૻૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ૴ଆ૵૲ଇଋଆૻ૲
ຝ૴ଆ૵૲ଇଋଆૻ૲຅ૻଆଃૻଆଃ૶ૼ૲຅
ଃ૲଎ଆ૲ଂ૲ૺ຅଎ଆ૲૾૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅
ଏૺૼ૴ଆ૵૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀ฌ
ଓ૿ଂૻૼ૶૳ૺ૲૾ૺ૵ଆ૽૲ଃ૿ૻ૿ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฒ෢
ଓଂ૲ଋଆ૾૲ଃ૶૳ଂૺଖૺ૴ଂ૿ଇ૿ଂଆଃૺ
ຝଓ૿ଓ૳ૺଃ૽ૻ૶ଂ૵૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆ෮
ଓଆ଒ଆ଒૲૲૳૶૵૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැැ
ଔ૴ଆଇଆଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒැ
ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ຝଐૻଂૺ૲ૼ૲ଃ૿ૻ૿຅
ଔૺ૽ૼ૿૷૲૾૲ຟຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒ෮
ଔૺ૽ૼ૲ଃ૽૲଄ଊଆ૲ଂ૲ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒ෢
/ǫŚȳǗțƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො෮ฌ
/ǫŚȳʚƩɼƩțțƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢฀
/ǫŚɼƊɄŚț'ʯɼȳƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀෮
/ǫǶƊȕƩȳ¹ǒĂǫƩijɄɄƖʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෨෢
/țɄʯƖƩƖeʯȳȳƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැැ
/țʯƀeɄɄʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ො฀ฌ
/țʯʌʚƩɼƩƖ9ɄȭƩƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฒැ
/ɄŚțȭŚȳຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ො฀
/ɄȭȭɄȳHŚɼʚǫƀŚțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌැ
/ɄȭȭɄȳeʯȳȳƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැฌ
/ɄȭȭɄȳ|ȳȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨ฌ
/ɄȭȭɄȳåʯ́ƀŚțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀ฌ
/ɄɱɱƩɼöɱǶȕƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺෢
/ɄɼŚțĂɄɄʚǫຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺ฌ
9ƩŚƖț˦9ŚɱɱƩɼțǶȳǗຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀෮
9ƩŚƖț˦eǶƀɼƩƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฌ෢
9ƩŚʚǫƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒැ
9ƩƊƩǶ˙Ʃɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො฀฀
9Ʃ˙Ƕțເʌ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො฀
9˦ƩƀŚțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆฌ
9ɼ˦ŚƖເʌöŚƖƖțƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢ฌ
HŚʌʚƩɼȳețŚʚĂɄɱɱƩƖǗŚɼǶƊʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮฀
Hț̅ȳöŚƖƖțƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฌ
eŚǶɼ˦ìǶȳǗ/ǫŚȭɱǶǗȳɄȳຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒ෮
eŚțʌƩ/ǫŚȳʚƩɼƩțțƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆ฀
eŚțʌƩ9ƩŚʚǫƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆ฀
eŚțʌƩ¤ɄɼƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮
eǶƩțƖ'țƩ˝Ƕʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ො෢
eǶƩțƖ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮෮
eǶʌǫ˦¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺෮
ețŚʚຫƀʯțƀ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨฀
ețƩƩƊ˦¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෺෢
eț˦ǗŚɼǶƊຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฌ෮
eɼƩƊȕțƩƖ9ŚɱɱƩɼțǶȳǗຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ฀෢
eɼɄʌʚ˦eʯȳȳƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ෮
eʯȳƩɼŚț'Ʃțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆฌ
hŚɼțǶƊåŚɼŚƊǫʯʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒ฀
hǶŚȳʚåɄț˦ɱɄɼƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැ෢
hǶŚȳʚåʯ́ƀŚțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺฀
hǶŚȳʚເʌeŚțʌƩ¤ɄɼƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀
hǶțƖƩƖ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢฀෢
hțǶʌʚƩȳǶȳǗ|ȳȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨฀
hɄțƖƩȳ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆ෢
hɼƩƩȳ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀ැ
hɼƩƩȳƊɼŚƊȕƩƖ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆ฀
hɼƩ˦”ȳǶǗǫʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ොฌ
hɼƩ˦åʯ́ƀŚțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺෮
hɼǶʌƩʚʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒ෮
sŚǶɼ˦¹˦ʌʚƩɼ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨෮
sƩȳɄǒʚǫƩijɄɄƖʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැැ
sɄȳƩ˦eʯȳǗʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ො෮
sɄɄǒeʯȳǗʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෨ැ
sɄɼȳ¹ǒåțƩȳʚ˦ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢ฌ
sɄɼʌƩ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ฌ
ĻƩțțɄ˝'ɼŚǶȳຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒฌ
ĻƩțțɄ˝öʚŚǶȳƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෺෢
Ʃțț˦HŚɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒฌ
Ʃ˝ƩțțƩƖȭŚȳǶʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฌ෢
”ǶȳǗ¹˦ʌʚƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢෢
˜Ƕ˙ǶƖåǶȳȕǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨ฌ
˜ʯɼǶƖ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොොฌ
¤ǶțȕijǫǶʚƩ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀฀
¤ɄɼƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ
¹˦ʌʚƩɼ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢෮
¹ɼŚȳǗƩhɼǶʌƩʚʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆฌ
¹ɼŚȳǗƩ¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮ැ
¹ɼŚȳǗƩ¹Śȕ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොොැ
åŚȳʚǫƩɼƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฌฌ
åŚɼŚʌɄțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆැ
åŚ˙ƩȭƩȳʚ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෮෢
åƩȳȳ˦'ʯȳຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොැ෢
åƩɱɱƩɼ˦¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮฀
åǶǗເʌHŚɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෮฀
åǶǗເʌHŚɼʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෢
åǶȳȕȭɄʚʚțƩijɄɄƖ˝Ś˥ຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฆ෮
åɄǶʌɄȳɱǶƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌැ
ìƩƖ/ɼŚƊȕǶȳǗ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢෢
ìǶȳǗțƩʌʌsɄȳƩ˦eʯȳǗʯʌຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ො฀
ìɄʌ˦'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆ෮
ìʯƀ˦HțǒƊʯɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨෢
ìʯʌʌƩʚĂɄʯǗǫʌǫŚȳȕຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැ෮
öŚ˽ɼɄȳ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැ฀
öŚ˽ɼɄȳ¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢෮෢
öŚțȭɄȳ/ɄɼŚțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺ැ
öƊŚț˦HŚɼʚǫƀŚțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ෢
öƊŚț˦öŚ˝ǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෮෮
öƊŚɼțƩʚijŚ˥ƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฆැ
öƊŚɼțƩʚǶȳŚ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොො෮
öǫŚǗǗ˦|ȳȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀ැ
öǫŚǗǗ˦åŚɼŚʌɄțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෺ฌ
öǫƩŚʚǫƩƖijɄɄƖʚʯǓʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒැ
öǫǶȳǗțƩƖsƩƖǗƩǫɄǗຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොැැ
öǶƊȕƩȳƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢฀ฌ
öǶțȕ˦ìɄʌƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෢฀
öțǶȭ˦öɱǶȕƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺෮
öțǶɱɱƩɼ˦ŚƊȕຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒ෮
öȳŚȕƩʌȕǶȳhɼǶʌƩʚʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄฆ෮
öɄɼƖǶƖ'țƩ˝Ƕʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ො෮
öɱǶȳƖțƩĂɄʯǗǫʌǫŚȳȕຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ැ฀
öɱțǶʚeǶƀɼƩƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ฀
öɱɄʚʚƩƖ¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮ฌ
öɱɼǶȳǗȭŚȳǶʚŚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฒ฀
öʚຄhƩɄɼǗƩເʌ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌฌ
öʚǶȳȕǫɄɼȳຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ො෢
öʚǶȳȕǶȳǗ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฆැ
öʚǶȳȕǶȳǗ9ŚɱɱƩɼțǶȳǗຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฀฀
öʚʯȭɱ˦¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෮෮
öʯƩƖƩ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෢෮
öʯțɱǫʯɼĂʯǓʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ฀
öʯȭȭƩɼĂɼʯ̀Ʃຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨෮
ĂŚ˝ȳ˦hɼǶʌƩʚʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ฌැ
ĂŚ˝ȳ˦ijƩƀƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨෮
ĂǫƩ¤ǶțțƩɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨฀
ĂǫƩåɼǶȳƊƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮ැ
ĂǶƩɼƩƖĂɄɄʚǫຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෺฀
ĂɼɄɄɱǶȳǗeʯȳȳƩțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෨ැ฀
ĂɼʯȭɱƩʚ/ǫŚȳʚƩɼƩțțƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨ැ
ĂɼʯȳƊŚʚƩƖ/țʯƀຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො෨෢
įŚȭɱǶɼƩʌ'ŚȳƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄොฒฌ
įƩț˙ƩʚìɄțțɼǶȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฒ฀
įƩț˙ƩʚöǫŚȳȕຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ොฌ
ijƩƩɱǶȳǗ'ɄțƩʚƩຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෢ฒ෢
ijǫǶʚƩeǶƀɼƩƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ොฌ෮
ijǶȳƩƊɄɼȕ'ɼǶʚʚțƩǗǶțțຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺ฌ
ijɄɄƖ'țƩ˝Ƕʚຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ෨ොැ
ijɄɄƖ/ŚʯțǶ̆Ʉ˝Ʃɼຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢ฌ෮
ijɄɄƖsƩƖǗƩǫɄǗຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄො฀෮
ijɄɄƖ¤ʯʌǫɼɄɄȭຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෮ฌ
ijɄɄțț˦¤ǶțȕƊŚɱຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄຄ ෢෺ැ