Restrained Wall 1

Design Detail
Concrete f'c = 40 MPa
Rebar Fy = 420 MPa
400 mm
Unit Weight = 23.56 kN/m³

12mm @ 200 mm (S&T)

6.15 m

20mm @ 150 mm
6.65 m

12mm @ 200 mm (S&T)

16mm @ 150 mm
500 mm
0.01 m

Heel Bars: 12mm @ 150 mm

Toe Bars: 20mm @ 150 mm
4.7 m Footing S/T Bars: 12mm @ 200 mm

5.1 m

Check Summary Criteria

Ratio Check Provided Required Combination
----- Stability Checks ----- Use basic criteria from common projec...Yes
0.040 Bearing Pressure 1000 kPa 39.64 kPa 1.0D + 1.0L + 1.0H Building Code IBC 2012
0.238 Bearing Eccentricity 0.61 m 2.55 m 1.0D + 1.0L + 1.0H Concrete Load Combs IBC 2015 (Strength)
----- Toe Checks ----- Masonry Load Combs ASCE 7-16 (ASD)
0.258 Shear 325.9 kN/m 83.98 kN/m 1.4D Stability Load Combs IBC Retaining Wall St...
0.718 Moment 319.3 kN·m/m 229.4 kN·m/m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Apply Sds Factor to Seismic Combinat... No
0.120 Min Strain 0.0332 0.0040 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Restrained Against Sliding Yes
0.000 Min Steel 53.53 mm² 0 mm² 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Neglect Bearing At Heel No
0.941 Development 32.38 cm 30.48 cm 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Use Vert. Comp. for OT Yes
0.437 S&T Max Spacing 200 mm 457.2 mm 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Use Vert. Comp. for Sliding Yes
0.763 S&T Min Rho 0.0023 0.0018 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Use Vert. Comp. for Bearing Yes
----- Heel Checks ----- Use Surcharge for Sliding & OT Yes
0.000 Shear 349.2 kN/m 0 kN/m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Use Surcharge for Bearing Yes
-0.000 Moment 128.3 kN·m/m -0 kN·m/m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Neglect Soil Over Toe No
0.039 Min Strain 0.1027 0.0040 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Neglect Backfill Wt. for Coulomb No
0.000 Min Steel 19.66 mm² 0 mm² 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Factor Soil Weight As Dead Yes
0.060 Development 504.9 cm 30.48 cm 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Use Passive Force for OT Yes
0.437 S&T Max Spacing 200 mm 457.2 mm 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Assume Pressure To Top Yes
0.763 S&T Min Rho 0.0023 0.0018 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Extend Backfill Pressure To Key Bottom No
Use Toe Passive Pressure for Bearing Yes
----- Stem Checks -----
Required F.S. for OT 1.50
0.883 Moment 259.8 kN·m/m 229.4 kN·m/m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H
Required F.S. for Sliding 1.50
0.766 Shear 268.8 kN/m 205.9 kN/m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H
Has Different Safety Factors for Seismic No
0.150 Max Steel 0.0267 0.0040 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H
Allowable Bearing Pressure 1000 kPa
0.604 Min Steel 21.08 cm²/m 12.72 cm²/m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H
Req'd Bearing Location Over footing
0.468 Base Development 42.38 cm 19.83 cm 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Wall Friction Angle 25°
0.689 Horz Bar Rho 0.0029 0.0020 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Friction Coefficent 0.45
0.437 Horz Bar Spacing 200 mm 457.2 mm 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H Soil Reaction Modulus 27146 kN/m³

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 Restrained Wall 1

Loads Load Combinations

Loading Options/Assumptions
55.1 kPa Passive pressure neglects top 0 m of soil.
IBC 2015 (Strength)
1.2D
... + 1.6L + 1.6H
1.2D
... + 1.6L + 0.9H
 = 20 kN/m³ 1.2D
... + 0.5L + 1.6H
EFP = 5 kN/m³ 1.2D
... + 0.5L + 0.9H
1.2D
... + 1.6H
6.15 m

1.2D
... + 0.9H
6.65 m

6.64 m

0.9D
... + 1.6H
0.9D
... + 0.9H
1.4D
...

 = 18 kN/m³
 = 30°
c = 0 kPa

Strength Check Results Summary

Load Combination Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Stem Heel
M-applied M-allow V-applied V-allow Min. ld Actual ld M-applied
(kN·m/m) (kN·m/m) (kN/m) (kN/m) (cm) (cm) (kN·m/m)
1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H 229.4 259.8 205.9 268.8 19.83 42.38 -0
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.9H 174.9 259.8 152.9 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
1.2D + 0.5L + 1.6H 157.3 259.8 147.6 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
1.2D + 0.5L + 0.9H 102.8 259.8 94.63 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
1.2D + 1.6H 124.5 259.8 121.1 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
1.2D + 0.9H 70.05 259.8 68.12 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
0.9D + 1.6H 124.5 259.8 121.1 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
0.9D + 0.9H 70.05 259.8 68.12 268.8 16.05 42.38 -0
1.4D 0 0 0 0 16.05 42.38 -0
Load Combination Heel Heel Heel Toe Toe Toe Toe
M-allow V-applied V-allow M-applied M-allow V-applied V-allow
(kN·m/m) (kN/m) (kN/m) (kN·m/m) (kN·m/m) (kN/m) (kN/m)
1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H 128.3 0 349.2 234.9 319.3 71.98 325.9
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.9H 128.3 0 349.2 234.9 319.3 71.98 325.9
1.2D + 0.5L + 1.6H 128.3 0 349.2 234.9 319.3 71.98 325.9
1.2D + 0.5L + 0.9H 128.3 0 349.2 234.9 319.3 71.98 325.9
1.2D + 1.6H 128.3 0 349.2 234.9 319.3 71.98 325.9
1.2D + 0.9H 128.3 0 349.2 234.9 319.3 71.98 325.9
0.9D + 1.6H 128.3 0 349.2 176.2 319.3 53.99 325.9
0.9D + 0.9H 128.3 0 349.2 176.2 319.3 53.99 325.9
1.4D 128.3 0 349.2 274.1 319.3 83.98 325.9
Stability Check Results Summary
Load Combination Sliding Resisting Sliding Sliding Sliding Bearing Pressure Bearing Pressure
Bearing Eccentricity
Bearing Eccentricity
Force Force F.S. F.S. Req'd F.S. Req'd Seis... Actual Allowable Actual Allowable
(kN/m) (kN/m) (kPa) (kPa) (m) (m)
1.0D + 1.0L + 1.0H 202.2 103.7 0.513 1.500 1.500 39.64 1000 0.61 2.55
1.0D + 1.0H 110.6 71.98 0.651 1.500 1.500 39.64 1000 0.61 2.55

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Backfill Pressure

6.65 m

6.65 m
 = 20 kN/m³ 110.6 kN/m

2.22 m
EFP = 5 kN/m³
-33.25 kPa
6.15 m
6.65 m

6.64 m

94.56 kN/m

2.05 m
Lateral Earth Pressure
-30.75 kPa
Equivalent Fluid Pressure
h = H fluid = 6.65 m 5 kN / m³ = 33.25 kPa

Lateral Earth Pressure (stem only)

h = H fluid = 6.15 m 5 kN / m³ = 30.75 kPa

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Passive Pressure

0.54 kPa

0 kN/m
 = 18 kN/m³
 = 30°
c = 0 kPa

Lateral Earth Pressure

Rankine Passive Earth Pressure Theory
 30°
Kp = tan² 45° + = tan ² 45° + = 3.0
2 2

p =  H Kp + 2 c Kp = 18 kN / m³ 0.01 m 3.0 + 2 0 kPa 3.0 = 0.54 kPa

Uniform Surcharge Pressure

55.1 kPa
6.65 m

6.65 m

-13.78 kPa 91.6 kN/m

-13.78 kPa 84.72 kN/m

Lateral Surcharge Pressure

Equivalent Fluid Pressure
fluid 5 kN / m³
K= = = 0.250
 20 kN / m³
sur = K q = 0.250 55.1 kPa = 13.78 kPa

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Wall/Soil Weights

57.96 kN/m

0 kN/m

60.08 kN/m

Bearing Pressure

e = 0.61 m

1.94 m
53.12 kN/m
6.65 kPa

39.64 kPa
118 kN/m
Friction
F=R = 0.450 118 kN / m = 53.12 kN / m

Bearing Pressure Calculation

Contributing Forces
Vert Force ...offset Horz Force ...offset OT Moment
Backfill Pressure -0 kN/m - 0 kN/m - -0 kN·m/m
Passive Pressure (user option) 0 kN/m - 0 kN/m 0m -0 kN·m/m
Uniform Surcharge Pressure -0 kN/m - 0 kN/m - -0 kN·m/m
Footing Weight -60.08 kN/m 2.55 m 0 kN/m - -153.2 kN·m/m
Stem Weight -57.96 kN/m 4.9 m 0 kN/m - -283.99 kN·m/m
Backfill Weight -0 kN/m - 0 kN/m - -0 kN·m/m
Stem Base Shear -0 kN/m - -128.7 kN/m 0.5 m 64.35 kN·m/m
Stem Base Moment 0 kN/m - 0 kN/m - 143.3 kN·m/m
-118.04 kN/m -229.49 kN·m/m
- 229.49 kN·m / m
= 1.94 m
- 118.04 kN / m

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Stability Checks [1.0D + 1.0L + 1.0H]

Overturning Check Sliding Check
Check not performed; wall has lateral support. Check not performed; restrained against sliding.

Bearing Capacity Check

Bearing pressure < allowable (39.64 kPa < 1000 kPa) - OK
Bearing resultant eccentricity < allowable (0.61 m < 2.55 m) - OK

Wall Top Displacement

Not calculated because this wall has a lateral restraint.

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Stem Flexural Capacity

Moment
6.15

5.54

4.92

4.3

3.69

3.08 Offset (m)

2.46

1.85

1.23

0.61

0
-300 -216.67 -133.33 -50 33.33 116.7 200
Moment (kN·m/m)

Capacity (ACI 318-11 10.2) @ 0 m from base [Negative bending]

As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa 339.2 mm - 26.03 mm / 2 = 259.8 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-11 10.2) @ 0 m from base [Positive bending]

As fy 13.33 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 16.47 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 13.33 cm² / m 420 MPa 341.2 mm - 16.47 mm / 2 = 167.8 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-11 10.2) @ 5.76 m from base [Negative bending]

As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa 339.2 mm - 26.03 mm / 2 = 259.8 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-11 10.2) @ 5.84 m from base [Positive bending]

As fy 13.33 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 16.47 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 13.33 cm² / m 420 MPa 341.2 mm - 16.47 mm / 2 = 167.8 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-11 10.2) @ 6.15 m from base [Negative bending]

As fy 0 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 0 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 0 cm² / m 420 MPa 339.2 mm - 0 mm / 2 = 0 kN·m / m

Capacity (ACI 318-11 10.2) @ 6.15 m from base [Positive bending]

As fy 0 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 0 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 0 cm² / m 420 MPa 341.2 mm - 0 mm / 2 = 0 kN·m / m

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Stem Shear Capacity

Shear
6.15

5.54

4.92

4.3

3.69

3.08 Offset (m)

2.46

1.85

1.23

0.61

0
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300
Shear (kN/m)

Shear Capacity (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.2.1) @ 0 m from base [Positive shear]
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 341.2 mm = 358.4 kN / m

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 358.4 kN / m = 268.8 kN / m

Shear Capacity (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.2.1) @ 0 m from base [Negative shear]
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 341.2 mm = 358.4 kN / m

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 358.4 kN / m = 268.8 kN / m

Shear Capacity (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.2.1) @ 6.15 m from base [Positive shear]
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 341.2 mm = 358.4 kN / m

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 358.4 kN / m = 268.8 kN / m

Shear Capacity (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.2.1) @ 6.15 m from base [Negative shear]
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 341.2 mm = 358.4 kN / m

Vn =  Vc = 0.750 358.4 kN / m = 268.8 kN / m

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Stem Development/Lap Length Calculations

Main vertical stem bars (bottom end) - Development Length Calculation (ACI 318-11 12.2.3, 12.5)
e = 1.0 uncoated hooked bars
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
fy 420 MPa
ldh = 0.02 e db = 0.02 1.0 20.07 mm = 32.1 cm
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ldh by the 0.7 multiplier of 12.5.3 a : ldh = 22.47 cm
8 db = 8 20.07 mm = 6.320 minimum limit, does not control

Main vertical stem bars (top end) - Development Length Calculation (ACI 318-11 12.2.3, 12.5)
t = 1.0 bars are not horizontal
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 0.80 bars are #6 or smaller
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 150 mm / 2 = 75 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 20.07 mm / 2 = 60.83 mm
cb = 60.83 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 60.83 mm + 0.0
= = 3.0316
db 20.07 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 420 MPa 1.0 1.0 0.80
ld = db = 20.07 mm = 38.51 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa

2nd curtain vertical bars (top end) - Development Length Calculation (ACI 318-11 12.2.3, 12.5)
t = 1.0 bars are not horizontal
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 0.80 bars are #6 or smaller
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 150 mm / 2 = 75 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 16 mm / 2 = 58.8 mm
cb = 58.8 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 58.8 mm + 0.0
= = 3.6746
db 16 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 420 MPa 1.0 1.0 0.80
ld = db = 16 mm = 30.71 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa

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Toe Checks [1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H]

Toe Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for toe need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mtoe = 234.9 kN·m / m  Mstem = 229.4 kN·m / m
Mu = 229.4 kN·m / m stem base moment controls

Flexure Check (ACI 318-11 10.2) 11.78 kPa

As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa

500 mm
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa 20mm @ 150 mm
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa 413.8 mm - 26.03 mm / 2 = 319.3 kN·m / m 9.24 kPa
Mn = 319.3 kN·m / m  Mu = 229.4 kN·m / m  39.64 kPa

Shear Check (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.11.3.1)

 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 413.8 mm = 434.6 kN / m

Toe Factored Loads
Vn =  Vc = 0.750 434.6 kN / m = 325.9 kN / m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H
Vn = 325.9 kN / m  Vu = 71.98 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5)
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000 71.39 kN/m
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa

500 mm
a= = = 26.03 mm 14.14 kPa (Self-wt)
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa 20mm @ 150 mm
d 413.8 mm 11.09 kPa11.09 kPa
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0332
a / 1 26.03 mm / 0.7599 47.56 kPa
t = 0.0332  0.004  47.56 kPa

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1)

Mn = 319.3 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 229.4 kN·m / m = 305.8 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-11 7.12.2)
AST 91.44 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0023
t sST 500 mm 200 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
ST_min = = = 0.0018
fy 420 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0023  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 200 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-11 12.12, 12.2.3)
Mu 229.4 kN·m / m
= = 0.7184 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 319.3 kN·m / m
t = 1.0 12 inches or less cast below - 3.00 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 0.80 bars are #6 or smaller
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 150 mm / 2 = 75 mm
cover + db / 2 = 76.2 mm + 20.07 mm / 2 = 86.23 mm
cb = 75 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 75 mm + 0.0
= = 3.7377
db 20.07 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 420 MPa 1.0 1.0 0.80
ld = db = 20.07 mm = 38.51 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.7184 per 12.2.5: ld = 27.67 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 32.38 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Heel Checks [1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H]

Heel Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for heel need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mheel = - 0 kN·m / m < Mstem = 229.4 kN·m / m
Mu = - 0 kN·m / m stem moment does not control

Flexure Check (ACI 318-11 10.2)

As fy 7.74 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 9.56 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 7.74 cm² / m 420 MPa 443.2 mm - 9.56 mm / 2 = 128.3 kN·m / m
Mn = 128.3 kN·m / m  Mu = - 0 kN·m / m 
Shear Check (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.11.3.1)
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 443.2 mm = 465.5 kN / m

Heel Factored Loads
Vn =  Vc = 0.750 465.5 kN / m = 349.2 kN / m 1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H
Vn = 349.2 kN / m  Vu = 0 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5)
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 7.74 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 9.56 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
d 443.2 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.1027
a / 1 9.56 mm / 0.7599
t = 0.1027  0.004 
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1)
Mn = 128.3 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4/3 - 0 kN·m / m = - 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-11 7.12.2)
AST 91.44 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0023
t sST 500 mm 200 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
ST_min = = = 0.0018
fy 420 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0023  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 200 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-11 12.12, 12.2.3)
Mu - 0 kN·m / m
= = - 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 128.3 kN·m / m
t = 1.30 more than 12 inches cast below - 17.22 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 0.80 bars are #6 or smaller
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 150 mm / 2 = 75 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 11.94 mm / 2 = 56.77 mm
cb = 56.77 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 56.77 mm + 0.0
= = 4.7553
db 11.94 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 420 MPa 1.30 1.0 0.80
ld = db = 11.94 mm = 29.79 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio - 0.0000 per 12.2.5: ld = - 0 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 504.9 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Stem Forces [1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H]

Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces
Moment Shear
6.15 6.15

80.91 kN/m
5.38 5.38

4.61 4.61

3.84 3.84

3.08 3.08
-22.04 kPa

2.31 2.31

1.54 1.54

0.77 0.77
-49.2 kPa
205.9 kN/m
0 0
-300 -175 -50 75 200 -100 0 100 200 300
Moment (kN·m/m) Shear (kN/m)
-229.35 kN·m/m

Stem Joint Force Transfer

Location Force
@ stem base 205.9 kN/m

Stem Internal Forces

-22.04 kPa

-49.2 kPa

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Stem Moment Checks [1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H]

Moment
6.15

5.54

4.92

4.3

3.69

3.08 Offset (m)

2.46

1.85

1.23

0.61

0
-300 -216.67 -133.33 -50 33.33 116.7 200
Moment (kN·m/m)

Check (ACI 318-11 Ch 10) @ 3.6 m from base [Positive bending]

Mn = 167.8 kN·m / m  Mu = 112.6 kN·m / m 

Check (ACI 318-11 Ch 10) @ 5.84 m from base [Positive bending]

Mn = 167.8 kN·m / m  Mu = 24.03 kN·m / m 

Check (ACI 318-11 Ch 10) @ 5.9 m from base [Positive bending]

Mn = 135.8 kN·m / m  Mu = 19.4 kN·m / m 

Check (ACI 318-11 Ch 10) @ 0 m from base [Negative bending]

Mn = 259.8 kN·m / m  Mu = 229.4 kN·m / m 

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Stem Shear Checks [1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H]

Shear
6.15

5.54

4.92

4.3

3.69

3.08 Offset (m)

2.46

1.85

1.23

0.61

0
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300
Shear (kN/m)

Shear Check (ACI 318-11 Ch 11.1.1) @ 0 m from base [Positive shear]

Vn = 268.8 kN / m  Vu = 205.9 kN / m 

Shear Check (ACI 318-11 Ch 11.1.1) @ 6.15 m from base [Negative shear]
Vn = 268.8 kN / m  Vu = 80.91 kN / m 

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Stem Miscellaneous Checks [1.2D + 1.6L + 1.6H]

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 259.8 kN·m / m < 4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 229.4 kN·m / m = 305.8 kN·m / m

3 F'c 3 40 MPa
As_min = d = 339.2 mm = 12.72 cm² / m
fy 420 MPa
200 d / fy = 200 339.2 mm / 420 MPa = 11.14 cm² / m
As = 21.08 cm² / m  As_min = 12.72 cm² / m 

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1) @ 6.15 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 0 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 0 kN·m / m = 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
d 339.2 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0267
a / 1 26.03 mm / 0.7599
t = 0.0267  0.004 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5) @ 6.15 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
d 339.2 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0267
a / 1 26.03 mm / 0.7599
t = 0.0267  0.004 

Wall Horizontal Steel (ACI 318-11 14.3.3, 14.3.5)

As_horz / shorz 232.3 mm² / 200 mm
h = = = 0.0029
t 400 mm
h_min = 0.0020 bars No. 5 or less, not less than 60 ksi
h = 0.0029  h_min = 0.0020 
3 twall = 3 400 mm = 1200 mm
18 inch limit governs
smax = 457.2 mm
shorz = 200 mm  shorz_max = 457.2 mm 

Development Check (ACI 318-11 12.12, 12.2.3)

Mu 229.4 kN·m / m
= = 0.8827 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 259.8 kN·m / m
e = 1.0 uncoated hooked bars
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
fy 420 MPa
ldh = 0.02 e db = 0.02 1.0 20.07 mm = 32.1 cm
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ldh by the 0.7 multiplier of 12.5.3 a : ldh = 22.47 cm
Factoring ldh by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.8827 per 12.5.3 d : ldh = 19.83 cm
8 db = 8 20.07 mm = 6.320 minimum limit, does not control
ldh_prov = 42.38 cm  ldh = 19.83 cm 

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Toe Checks [1.4D]

Toe Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for toe need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mtoe = 274.1 kN·m / m  Mstem = - 0 kN·m / m
Mu = - 0 kN·m / m stem base moment controls

Flexure Check (ACI 318-11 10.2) 11.78 kPa

As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa

500 mm
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa 20mm @ 150 mm
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa 413.8 mm - 26.03 mm / 2 = 319.3 kN·m / m 9.24 kPa
Mn = 319.3 kN·m / m  Mu = - 0 kN·m / m  39.64 kPa

Shear Check (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.11.3.1)

 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 413.8 mm = 434.6 kN / m

Toe Factored Loads
Vn =  Vc = 0.750 434.6 kN / m = 325.9 kN / m 1.4D
Vn = 325.9 kN / m  Vu = 83.98 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5)
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000 83.29 kN/m
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa

500 mm
a= = = 26.03 mm 16.49 kPa (Self-wt)
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa 20mm @ 150 mm 274.1 kN·m/m
d 413.8 mm 12.93 kPa
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0332
a / 1 26.03 mm / 0.7599 55.49 kPa
t = 0.0332  0.004 
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1)
Mn = 319.3 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4/3 - 0 kN·m / m = - 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-11 7.12.2)
AST 91.44 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0023
t sST 500 mm 200 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
ST_min = = = 0.0018
fy 420 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0023  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 200 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-11 12.12, 12.2.3)
Mu - 0 kN·m / m
= = - 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 319.3 kN·m / m
t = 1.0 12 inches or less cast below - 3.00 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 0.80 bars are #6 or smaller
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 150 mm / 2 = 75 mm
cover + db / 2 = 76.2 mm + 20.07 mm / 2 = 86.23 mm
cb = 75 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 75 mm + 0.0
= = 3.7377
db 20.07 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 420 MPa 1.0 1.0 0.80
ld = db = 20.07 mm = 38.51 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio - 0.0000 per 12.2.5: ld = - 0 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 32.38 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Heel Checks [1.4D]

Heel Unfactored Loads
Controlling Moment Unfactored Loads
Design moment Mu for heel need not exceed moment at stem base:
Mheel = - 0 kN·m / m  Mstem = - 0 kN·m / m
Mu = - 0 kN·m / m stem base moment controls

Flexure Check (ACI 318-11 10.2)

As fy 7.74 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 9.56 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
Mn =  As fy d - a / 2 = 0.90 7.74 cm² / m 420 MPa 443.2 mm - 9.56 mm / 2 = 128.3 kN·m / m
Mn = 128.3 kN·m / m  Mu = - 0 kN·m / m 
Shear Check (ACI 318-11 11.1.1, 11.11.3.1)
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete

Vc = 2  F'c d = 2 1.0 40 MPa 443.2 mm = 465.5 kN / m

Heel Factored Loads
Vn =  Vc = 0.750 465.5 kN / m = 349.2 kN / m 1.4D
Vn = 349.2 kN / m  Vu = 0 kN / m 
Minimum Strain Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5)
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 7.74 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 9.56 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
d 443.2 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.1027
a / 1 9.56 mm / 0.7599
t = 0.1027  0.004 
Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1)
Mn = 128.3 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4/3 - 0 kN·m / m = - 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 
Shrinkage and Temperature Steel (ACI 318-11 7.12.2)
AST 91.44 cm² / m
ST_prov = = = 0.0023
t sST 500 mm 200 mm
0.0018 60000 0.0018 60000
ST_min = = = 0.0018
fy 420 MPa
ST_min = 0.0018
ST_prov = 0.0023  ST_min = 0.0018 
18 inch limit governs
sST_max = 457.2 mm
sST = 200 mm  sST_max = 457.2 mm 
Development Check (ACI 318-11 12.12, 12.2.3)
Mu - 0 kN·m / m
= = - 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 128.3 kN·m / m
t = 1.30 more than 12 inches cast below - 17.22 inches
e = 1.0 bar not epoxy coated
s = 0.80 bars are #6 or smaller
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
s/2 = 150 mm / 2 = 75 mm
cover + db / 2 = 50.8 mm + 11.94 mm / 2 = 56.77 mm
cb = 56.77 mm lesser of half spacing, ctr to surface
Ktr = 0.0 no transverse reinforcement
cb + Ktr 56.77 mm + 0.0
= = 4.7553
db 11.94 mm
3. fy t e s 3. 420 MPa 1.30 1.0 0.80
ld = db = 11.94 mm = 29.79 cm
40 2.5 40 2.5
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ld by the excess reinforcement ratio - 0.0000 per 12.2.5: ld = - 0 cm
12 inch minimum controls
ld_prov = 504.9 cm  ld = 30.48 cm 
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Stem Forces [1.4D]

Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces Stem Internal Forces
Moment Shear

0 kN/m

-0 kN·m/m

Stem Joint Force Transfer

Location Force
@ stem base 0 kN/m

Stem Internal Forces

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Stem Moment Checks [1.4D]

Moment
6.15

5.54

4.92

4.3

3.69

3.08 Offset (m)

2.46

1.85

1.23

0.61

0
-300 -216.67 -133.33 -50 33.33 116.7 200
Moment (kN·m/m)

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Stem Shear Checks [1.4D]

Shear
6.15

5.54

4.92

4.3

3.69

3.08 Offset (m)

2.46

1.85

1.23

0.61

0
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300
Shear (kN/m)

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Stem Miscellaneous Checks [1.4D]

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 259.8 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 0 kN·m / m = 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 

Minimum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.5.1) @ 6.15 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
Mn = 0 kN·m / m  4 / 3 Mu = 4 / 3 0 kN·m / m = 0 kN·m / m
Check is waived per ACI 10.5.3 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5) @ 0 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
d 339.2 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0267
a / 1 26.03 mm / 0.7599
t = 0.0267  0.004 

Maximum Steel Check (ACI 318-11 10.3.5) @ 6.15 m from base [Stem in negative flexure]
F'c - 4000 40 MPa - 4000
1 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.85 - 0.05 = 0.7599
1000 1000
As fy 21.08 cm² / m 420 MPa
a= = = 26.03 mm
0.85 F'c 0.85 40 MPa
d 339.2 mm
t = 0.003 -1 = 0.003 -1 = 0.0267
a / 1 26.03 mm / 0.7599
t = 0.0267  0.004 

Wall Horizontal Steel (ACI 318-11 14.3.3, 14.3.5)

As_horz / shorz 232.3 mm² / 200 mm
h = = = 0.0029
t 400 mm
h_min = 0.0020 bars No. 5 or less, not less than 60 ksi
h = 0.0029  h_min = 0.0020 
3 twall = 3 400 mm = 1200 mm
18 inch limit governs
smax = 457.2 mm
shorz = 200 mm  shorz_max = 457.2 mm 

Development Check (ACI 318-11 12.12, 12.2.3)

Mu 0 kN·m / m
= = 0.0 ratio to represent excess reinforcement
Mn 259.8 kN·m / m
e = 1.0 uncoated hooked bars
 = 1.0 normal weight concrete
fy 420 MPa
ldh = 0.02 e db = 0.02 1.0 20.07 mm = 32.1 cm
 F'c 1.0 40 MPa
Factoring ldh by the 0.7 multiplier of 12.5.3 a : ldh = 22.47 cm
Factoring ldh by the excess reinforcement ratio 0.0000 per 12.5.3 d : ldh = 0 cm
8 db = 8 20.07 mm = 6.320
8db minimum controls
ldh_prov = 42.38 cm  ldh = 16.05 cm 

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