Similarity Report ID: oid:9832:48697177

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stoping pollution (1).docx

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Jan 6, 2024 4:05 PM GMT+5:30 Jan 6, 2024 4:06 PM GMT+5:30

12% Overall Similarity

The combined total of all matches, including overlapping sources, for each database.
9% Internet database 2% Publications database
Crossref database Crossref Posted Content database
11% Submitted Works database

Summary
 Corporate Sustainability

Course Facilitator: Dr Umakant Nayak

NAME ROLL NUMBER

Arushi Raghuwanshi E-147

Section-C
Pollution
Root cause of the problem
Pollution and environmental hazards have increased due to a number of factors, including
urbanization, agricultural crop wastes, usuage of nitrogen-based fertilizers and pesticides,
desert dust, forest fires, and improper waste management, particularly in low- and middle-
income nationsExcessive material consumption during the manufacture, usage, and end-of-
life phases of a product has a detrimental effect on the environment and depletes natural
resources. By 2050, it's predicted that there will be 3.4 billion tons of trash worldwide.
1
Development results suffer from all types of contamination. Air pollution, exposure to lead
and other poisons, hazardous waste (including exposure from improper e-waste disposal), and
unsuitable living conditions can all result in life-threatening scenarios and ecological disaster.
Pollution has a significant impact on climate change, but it also slows economic development
and increases inequality and poverty in both urban and rural areas. The majority of the
consequences fall on those who are less wealthy and less able to protect themselves
Pollution is the primary environmental element that raises the risk of sickness and early
death. Pollution is the cause of almost 9 million premature deaths annually, with air pollution
being the main culprit. That is many times more than the total number of deaths from AIDS,
TB, and malaria put together. The COVID-19 pandemic and other epidemics serve as a
continual reminder of the intimate links between environment and health and the need to
understand these relationships .
Since air pollution results in seven million premature deaths each year, it is the greatest
environmental health risk.
The overall number of COVID-19-related deaths from March 2020 until the present is as
1
follows. A 2019 World Bank study found that air pollution cost the global economy $8.1
trillion, or 6.1 percent of GDP. Low- and middle-income nations account for almost 95% of
deaths associated with air pollution.. The financial toll that pollution-related illnesses and
premature deaths take differs substantially between countries.; it can account for 5 to 14
percent of GDP.
Recent data indicates that exposure to dangerous substances, such lead, can have an identical
devastating effect. Over 5.5 million adult deaths in 2019 were attributed to cardiovascular
1
disease brought on by lead exposure. 90% of these fatalities happened in nations with lower
and moderate incomes.
In the same year, children under the age of five saw a 765 million IQ point decline. 6.9% of
the global GDP, or $6 trillion, was lost by nations exposed to lead.
Research conducted at the national and subnational levels in ,Vietnam, Bangladesh,
1
Argentina, Colombia, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Lao PDR, Mexico, Myanmar, Nepal,
Nicaragua, Georgia, Nigeria, Pakistan, , Slovakia, Ghana,and Peru has demonstrated that the
14
main cause of the costs associated with diseases related to pollution is exposure to lead and
12
other chemicals, along with indoor and outdoor air pollution.

https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/pollution

Impact
Solving pollution is crucial because it has an unconscionable detrimental effect on human
capital, health, and GDP. Pollution control no-look solutions are available that can address the
basic requirements of millions of people for healthier surroundings while also reducing
poverty and increasing shared wealth. Reducing methane and black carbon emissions, which
are connected to both air pollution and climate change, is one important method that pollution
control can help slow down global warming.. Additionally, reducing pollution can be helpful
in no of ways, including through improving transportation, generating jobs, increasing energy
efficiency, and promoting sustainable urban and rural development..
8
https://www.cleanairfund.org/wp-content/uploads/01042021_Business-Cost-of-Air-
Pollution_Long-Form-Report.pdf

SDG that are impacted due to pollution-

11
SDGs 3 and 5: wellbeing and excellent health; SDG 15: life on land; SDG 7: affordable and
2
renewable energy; SDG 10: lessening inequality; SDG 8: decent jobs and economic growth;
SDG 11: sustainable cities and communities; SDG 12: responsible production and
consumption; SDG 13: climate action; and SDG 5: gender equality. Numerous additional
goals benefit greatly from clean air.
17
Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders are major causes of death worldwide and can be
brought on by air pollution.
2
SDG 3: Improving Population Health Immediately SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic
Growth By enacting legislation and taking action against air pollution, SDG 4: Improving
Education and labor productivity are also elevated.
SDG 7 calls for universal access to sustainable energy, which necessitates a shift away from
polluting fuels that contribute to air pollution in public spaces and indoors. Building
sustainable cities and communities is a goal of SDG 11, and it depends on maintaining safe
levels of particulate matter pollution. Better nutrition and food security are encouraged by
clean air since ozone, a potent air pollutant, significantly reduces agricultural output (SDG 2).
Since the most vulnerable populations to air pollution are usually women, children, and the
13
elderly, policies and actions to enhance air quality can also help reduce inequality (SDG:10
Reduced Inequalities; SDG 5: Gender Equality).
Since the primary source of air pollution and climate change is the burning of fossil fuels,
improving the air quality typically addresses climate change (SDG 13). Climate change will
be discussed along with strategies to enhance air quality, like cooking, cutting back on
emissions from transportation, and switching to more affordable and environmentally
friendly energy sources.
Lowering air pollution associated with responsible production and consumption—which
includes reducing emissions from industrial, waste burning, and transportation—is essential
to achieving SDG 12.

Government Program
To reduce air pollution in the nation, the administration is putting in great effort. In an effort
to prevent, control, and manage air pollution nationwide, the Central Government has
implemented a number of regulations.

Several government programs worldwide aim to reduce pollution, each focusing on

different aspects of the issue. Here are a few examples:

Air Pollution:
3
 National Clean Air Programme (India): Launched in 2019, 4this program
targets over 100 Indian cities with high air pollution levels. It aims
3
to reduce
particulate matter concentrations by 20-30% by 2024 through stricter emission
standards for industries and vehicles, promoting cleaner fuels, and improving
public transport.
 Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Air Act (US): This landmark
legislation, established in 1970, regulates air pollution sources like factories, power
plants, and vehicles. It has significantly reduced air pollution in the US over the past
decades and continues to be updated to address new challenges.
 Eurovignette (Europe): This system imposes tolls on heavy vehicles using certain
European highways based on their emissions and air quality levels. It incentivizes
cleaner truck fleets and discourages pollution in sensitive areas

Water Pollution:
  Clean Water Act (US): Similar to the Clean Air Act, this legislation regulates
water pollution from sources like industries, farms, and municipalities. It has
led to significant improvements in US water quality and continues to be
enforced and updated.
 National River Conservation Plan (India): This program focuses on cleaning up
polluted rivers in India through afforestation, pollution control measures, and
community involvement

Several government programs worldwide aim to reduce pollution, each focusing on

different aspects of the issue. Here are a few examples:

Air Pollution:
3
 National Clean Air Programme (India): Launched in 2019, 4this program
targets over 100 Indian cities with high air pollution levels. It aims
3
to reduce
particulate matter concentrations by 20-30% by 2024 through stricter emission
standards for industries and vehicles, promoting cleaner fuels, and improving
public transport.

Opens in a new window urbanemissions.info

National Clean Air Programme (India)

 Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Air Act (US): This landmark

legislation, established in 1970, regulates air pollution sources like
factories, power plants, and vehicles. It has significantly reduced air pollution
in the US over the past decades and continues to be updated to address new
challenges.
 Opens in a new window www.epa.gov

Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Air Act (US)

 Eurovignette (Europe): This system imposes tolls on heavy vehicles using

certain European highways based on their emissions and air quality levels. It
incentivizes cleaner truck fleets and discourages pollution in sensitive areas.

Opens in a new window www.eurovignettes.eu

Eurovignette (Europe)

Water Pollution:

 Clean Water Act (US): Similar to the Clean Air Act, this legislation regulates
water pollution from sources like industries, farms, and municipalities. It has
led to significant improvements in US water quality and continues to be
enforced and updated.

Opens in a new window bo.linkedin.com

 Clean Water Act (US)
7
 Water Framework Directive (European Union): This directive aims to achieve
7
good water quality across all EU member states by setting environmental
objectives and standards for rivers, lakes, groundwater, and coastal waters.

Opens in a new window slideplayer.com

Water Framework Directive (European Union)

 National River Conservation Plan (India): This program focuses on cleaning

up polluted rivers in India through afforestation, pollution control
measures, and community involvement.

Opens in a new window nrcd.nic.in

National River Conservation Plan (India)

Waste Management:

 Plastic Waste Reduction and Management Regulations (India): Introduced in

2019, these regulations aim to ban single-use plastic bags and encourage
responsible plastic waste management through producer responsibility and
waste collection infrastructure improvements.


https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1593056

Gaps in these programs

Even while governments everywhere have implemented a range of policies and initiatives to
combat pollution, many gaps remain, restricting their effectiveness.. The following are some
crucial areas in which governments must improve:
1. Ineffective Enforcement
• Inadequate oversight and regulation: Laws and regulations pertaining to pollution frequently
have lax enforcement, which enables polluters to avoid consequences. It is challenging to
follow infractions and compile evidence when monitoring systems are inadequate.
• Political and financial pressure: Strong industries have the ability to push for legislation that
weakens or postpones the implementation of pollution control measures. This may result in a
lack of enforcement or compromises that put business interests ahead of environmental
preservation.
• Lack of openness and corruption: When government agencies are corrupt, it makes it easier
for polluters to bribe their way out of compliance and hinders enforcement operations.
2. Inadequate Attention to New Pollutants:
• Microplastics and nanomaterials: Although classic pollutants such as air and water pollution
are dealt with, there is frequently little regulation and study surrounding emergent dangers
like microplastics and nanomaterials. The health of humans and ecosystems are seriously
endangered by these emerging contaminants, but knowledge and mitigation strategies are not
keeping up.
• New drugs and compounds: The rapid development of new drugs and compounds raises
15
questions about their potential long-term impacts on human health and the environment.
Reforming regulatory frameworks is necessary to keep up with innovation and fairly assess
the risks associated with these new chemicals.

3. Restricted Integration and Scope:

• Sectoral silos and fragmentation: Efforts to manage pollution are frequently dispersed
among several government departments and industries, which results in uneven policies and a
lack of an all-encompassing strategy.
• Ignoring cross-border pollution: Pollution knows no boundaries. Long-range pollution of
the air and water can affect nations far from the source. To effectively address the problems
of transboundary contamination, regional agreements and international collaboration must be
strengthened.
• Ignoring social and economic equity: Poverty and marginalized communities are frequently
disproportionately affected by pollution. Equality in access to clean water, sanitation, and air
must be ensured, and social and economic disparities must be taken into account by effective
pollution management techniques.

Companies addressing the issue-

Companies taking on the problem: An overview of how CSR affects the environment

The broad term "corporate social responsibility" (CSR) refers to business activities that range
from morally sound business practices to charitable contributions. Among the primary issues
of CSR are environmental ones.
.
What does corporate social responsibility entail in terms of the environment?
10
Reducing any detrimental effects that your company's operations may have on the ecosystem
is the aim of environmental corporate social responsibility. Emissions, waste management,
recycling, energy and water consumption, environmentally friendly workplace practices, and
business travel are some of the subjects that might be discussed.

A handful stand out in terms of the environment and economy.

Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Environment
16
In addition to lowering business risk and improving reputation, green corporate social
responsibility (CSR) can save costs. Your company can save money and benefit from even
6
the most basic energy-saving procedures. To start, you may switch off lights and appliances
when not in use, conserve water, and use less paper.
Paying more can also result from environmental maintenance. Numerous clients want to buy
from morally-minded businesses.

Techniques for reducing your environmental effect

There exist several approaches to mitigate the ecological impact of your enterprise. With
reference to the following:
• Make recyclable products.
• Make sure your product life cycle is optimized; • Minimize packing; • Buy locally to save
gasoline; • Source ethically (e.g., utilizing recycled materials and sustainable lumber);
Construct a fuel-efficient and effective distribution system. Collaborate with suppliers and
distributors that recognize the importance of protecting the environment.
6
https://www.nibusinessinfo.co.uk/content/corporate-social-responsibility-environmental-
impact

Recommendations-
There exist several strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of your organization.
Sustainable practices include things like designing recyclable products, optimizing your
5
product life cycle, sourcing ethically, reducing packaging, buying locally to save fuel,
creating an effective (and fuel-efficient) distribution network, and collaborating with
suppliers and distributors who share your commitment to the environment. Recycled
materials and sustainable timber are excellent examples.
These are additional guidelines as follows:
Repurposing buses, heavy-duty trucks, and black taxis is the next best thing to do. Although
ministers have reduced the latter, green car subsidies and the recycling of older, more
polluting cars can help reduce emissions.
As to why on parts of polluted roads, lowering the speed limit, clearly labelling newly
purchased vehicles with their pollution levels, and encouraging motorists to drive more
sustainably were
9
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/may/17/how-you-and-your-government-
can-tackle-air-pollution
 Similarity Report ID: oid:9832:48697177

12% Overall Similarity

Top sources found in the following databases:
9% Internet database 2% Publications database
Crossref database Crossref Posted Content database
11% Submitted Works database

TOP SOURCES
The sources with the highest number of matches within the submission. Overlapping sources will not be
displayed.

worldbank.org
1 2%
Internet

evidensia.eco
2 1%
Internet

University of Bradford on 2023-05-25

3 1%
Submitted works

Indian Institute of Management on 2022-02-25

4 1%
Submitted works

American Intercontinental University Online on 2011-09-21

5 <1%
Submitted works

nibusinessinfo.co.uk
6 <1%
Internet

Southern New Hampshire University - Continuing Education on 2023-1...

7 <1%
Submitted works

sanh.inms.international
8 <1%
Internet

Sources overview
 Similarity Report ID: oid:9832:48697177

theguardian.com
9 <1%
Internet

Banking Academy on 2023-10-29

10 <1%
Submitted works

Kaunas University of Technology

11 <1%
Submitted works

atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca
12 <1%
Internet

fox.leuphana.de
13 <1%
Internet

Bloomingtn High School on 2023-04-24

14 <1%
Submitted works

University of Birmingham on 2023-05-08

15 <1%
Submitted works

Holborn College on 2010-05-10

16 <1%
Submitted works

ora.ox.ac.uk
17 <1%
Internet

Sources overview