Theories of

DEvelopment

FCT3
Theories of Development
Psychoanalytic theory
Psychosocial theory
Cognitive development theory
Social learning theory
Behaviorism theory
Humanistic theory
 Psychoanalytic
Theory
In the theory of Sigmund Freud,
its main idea is that our
childhood experiences and
unconscious desires shapes our
behaviour. This means that
everything that we have
experience in the past or when
we are young, affects our
behavior, how we act, how we
speak and how we communicate
with other people.
Psychosocial Theory
The initial five phase of
development have been expanded
upon by the concept of
psychosocial development

The eight-stage life cycle hypothesis

was developed in 1959 by psychologist
and psychoanalyst Erikson, who
believed that environment has a
significant impact on identity
formation, self-awareness and
adjustment.
 Social Learning Theory
Social Learning theory is the
study of learned behaviors through
the observation, modeling and
imitating of new behaviors that
are enforced by the other people
or "Models".
Within social learning theory lie three
central concepts:
1. Individuals have the ability to learn
through observation.
2. Mental states are a fundamental
part of this learning process
The social learning theory also rests Retention. The capacity of the subject to
3. When something is learned, a on four foundational principles, remember or retain the observed event and
change in behavior does not always referred to as Bandura’s four behavior.
follow. principles of social learning: Reproduction. The ability (cognitive and/or
physical) of the observer to imitate the
Attention. The environment behavior.
surrounding the observed event and Motivation. The extent to which the observer
the attention level of the subject. wants to practice the new behavior
Cognitive Development Theory
The Theory of Cognitive
Development by Jean Piaget, the
Swiss psychologist, suggests that
as children's thinking develops
from one stage to the next, their
behavior also changes, reflecting
these cognitive developments.
The stages in his theory follow a
specific order, and each
subsequent stage only occurs
after the one before it.
Behaviorism Theory

Behaviorism is a theory of learning based

on the idea that all behaviors are
acquired through conditioning, and
conditioning occurs through interaction
with the environment. Behaviorists
believe that our actions are shaped by
environmental stimuli.
 Humanistic Theory
Humanistic psychology is a
perspective that emphasizes
looking at the the whole
person, and the uniqueness
of each individual.
Humanistic psychology
begins with the existential
assumptions that people
have free will and are
motivated to acheive their
potential and self-actualize.
This theory and approach in
education takes root in humanistic
psychology, with the key concepts
focusing on the idea that children
are good at the core and that
education should focus on rational
ways to teach the “whole” child.
This theory states that the student is
the authority on how they learn, and
that all of their needs should be
met in order for them to learn well.
For example, a student who is
hungry won’t have as much
attention to give to learning. So
schools offer meals to students so
that need is met, and they can
focus on education.
 Resources:
https://www.wgu.edu/blog/what-behavioral-learning-theory2005.html#close

https://www.verywellmind.com/behavioral-psychology-4157183

https://www.verywellmind.com/
THANK YOU!