+ snot all rocestes containing waterhave anced for pH messuerent * nose ving ings depen on a proper pee to susan te “Fhe tempi compare teaver aay ofa sotiton a ven emperure “pH 7 = neal solution (8 OF aces re seu {firey Fasten chy pve {p> - BBR (orang colton (OH sei pH valve 1) Pl + the iy and soy of setae can be messed inte of {heb concen ot te yoragen ornare Or) Lonsrespectely | “or esopl, spl of pre water at 25°C hs t= 7M of mmeor + compared gst ok lon =-19 As [OMFons=-t0+ “oprovde casein exoressng thee values, te concentzain of snd ions are denotes phand pO, respecte PH PAPER +e pH ofa slr may bees sg pM paper + pipaparmagsurctnopitotin ton te ‘oir depenang onthe cancemraten © aol ene Se eae - teveunay ene ede son ae {een te souton snarl 1 Ripletmevctoni be PH METER + plier ia more acura nthe . oni per . + contain probe tat passes the - SoU et aren SE Stopes dteces gerd bas Sees ER PROBE Pl "et alecree(eamans pater mt + Spenser emt crane + inate ses eth herve ‘eae, govern caw ape by + tg ca prey be IONIZATION OF WATER 26-86 contenu ce a ee ee rehaeupayoiamennes ena cca 7 onl IENIUS THEORY + sits any species hat can increase te concentration of Hons (Grotons}iman aqueous saison “basta species hat cannes te concentaont Ona ‘aqueous solosIENIUS THEORY “however. is lintedin describing the acy or basity ofa Substances ssadaasn aqueous Solution + there are may substances tht behave as an aco babel ‘eseous phase where no solvent present ad there ate ose that Femain untried Inara solvents (ln Benzene, lg “nmona}-angames (NaN) ISTED-LOWRY THEORY + enacid any species that an donate a proton tt) Pe" +» Bronsted Lowry acid mast havea hyrogen tha an dso a + abaseitany specs that can accept a proton gt ate +» Bronsted Lowry base musthave aleaF one lnepsirof electron to sameness onl ISTED-LOWRY THEORY “ina bratedonry none renctn a conga acidic specs ‘Seeder he tne occa tah, ve Seog tor oped oe 1g + HOW + Hote + ey (SS! ee ee es =) ee) ee + Hel= Bsa C= coivgt be fl H.0= rote) bn HO = conga ad ofthe ater, tnc es eo * iat othe, rman nin oer Jsga eta as em 9-5 th)» ina “eed eyesore anon camaro ifthe pease geen ISTED-LOWRY THEORY "SuaE reas a log senses OS + 20 strengths are normaly ensing pales (oe aroclaton constant gies te exact strength of gen * pote that nega lagat ng dtnton ofp nde an eatin nts ost PH & pOH CALCULATIONS + hedivedit onthe ommonlogaitn ofthe repro oft] a G0) + scoring the les grt hs canbe ten a Plog — og 0°) + sine logan fs ‘i= ogo") THEORY + on acidi species that can accept pair af nom bonding electrons + abasels aspects that can donate a pal of non bonding electrons SSeS ese aerosol onl THEORY Are + sHOO > AtKoRNeD “upenarunet ner eta ae gentonn rot +t lin (A) gets ht it rei i cn ce Eeingsrteteweseg ten se + he ent between 4 Le acd anda Laws base ves Hse ans ieyuennar afPH & pOH CALCULATIONS + singe the [ma soluon tends to wary (some strong bose may reach upto¥ sin? sltlon), eaksatons may be umd +1 alleate tific, Sorensen suggested simplified method bt expessing [M' + ptr puissance hydrogen (owe of hyeogen orignal wrten et oat PH & pOH CALCULATIONS ot oa gy 0- “a + znscanbe sme OH =-tog(0¥"] LE PROBLEMS ‘he Joon scat was 005 M.Wat step fhe sltan? TMecas wit aénastandtobe say te + pte: Theft meron wa otro ha tm poke ‘Win th 8 of son ath ann canara 95 oa o LE PROBLEMS eg (sad x 0) ie wee Aen eee ee + poco ‘elt Jon veksown sole nas09o5795 AL hate Hote Sep! vith OH of saint hea ytonélonconenton 4825 = Sa [OH-] CALCULATIONS + belie] eanbe oar py therevrect hematin “pacionemplyeo tothe i= ogi") tog 9) = () + anscanbesiniids wate LE PROBLEMS ithe pt he slston ig, whe nue the iat the yt on concern in son tthe pH of 5792 O% wi e® srecgomaason OLE = OgNpOIRD DID 1% pay Soo Se on LE PROBLEMS +o ene Wit hyne nconcentatonna sito tat sa polo wy w® LE PROBLEMS, seaman, WERE 5 CBM DD 1% p44 seme pelea "iat the yr on concession in sion hatha a of 702wy: 7 ® [md = 0 LE PROBLEMS : core WFO So gopciR aD 1 Paty “eet ps weve ei + ace peop "iat the yon concnaton in sion thuathe a of 02 tery = 0?” ocseagnaon > 28 ww « Coy PK PK, K, & K, CALCULATIONS ‘petty Yoreneshantng nena optomet ee abe e i = li) LEPROBLEMS “ * + whatis the pk, of acetic ac foracetie ald i178. 12°? Pee cigCie a) ae + Whats the ok for methylamine, the value of, Fr methylamine Saaz 0 = ~¥5 (M4) - “Wy(aq gm) = 2% + Clete te vaie of he ionsation constant forthe armani Ege ng ne ye ye sine the sari * aerate vate ofthe lonzaononstany prio) ca HH, pK, CALCULATIONS {ltarotin respec neers esse seengm ofan aoe + Acard, epoch and es eakto 0" whist sscatloncoutararonenfcjarne lis = baw + toga noua taper scampaa.gre oa PK i= Pe PH, pOH, pK,, CALCULATIONS + me provost ec and aes reero he dso cones felzidr be, pec onndeote he nneereg a snaoase Eatnoqveahscnon “eager aet See *osrply eau toe egaeagatn caput gr the ‘cSt pn = eg freomeuemy efor ens + pene Go case | + What the pOH ofa soliton the eased “lo fo] si GT| PEE ese ~ poy creat hanger hymen ble “peemteraeegetete rev oal + Ti] -teequtanputothe righ (io, re wiaor he to femhico + 10h eauan pte 460 none og + i trate etna sng on