Algebra

(Formula)
ALGEBRIC INDENTITIES
 a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc = (a+b+c) (a² + b² + c² – ab – bc – ca)
 (a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab or a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab 1  2 2 2

 (a – b)² = a² + b² – 2ab or a2 + b2 = (a – b)2 + 2ab

 a 3  b 3  c 3 – 3abc  2 a+b+c a–b + b–c + c–a 
 a² – b² = (a+b) (a–b)  a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc = (a+b+c) + [(a+b+c)² – 3(ab+bc+ca)]
 (a + b)² + (a – b)² = 2(a2 + b2)
 (a + b)² – (a – b)² = 4ab 1
 (nx + my)2 + (mx – ny)2 = (m2 + n2) (x2 + y2)
 a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc =
2
a+b+c [3(a²+b²+c²)–(a+b+c)²]
If a + b + c = 0 then a³ + b³ + c³ = 3abc
a b a – b 2 a 2  b 2 

 + =  If a – b – c = 0 then a³ – b³ – c³ = 3abc
a – b a b a 2 – b2
 If a + b – c = 0 then a³ + b³ – c³ = – 3abc
a b a – b 4ab  If a³ + b³ + c³ = 3abc then either a = b = c or a+b+c=0
 – = SOME SPECIAL CASES:
a – b a  b a 2 – b2
 Case I: If a² – ab + b² = 0 then a³ + b³ = 0
1 Case II: If a2 + a + 1 = 0, then a3 – 1 = 0 and a3 = 1
 ab = [(a + b)2 – (a – b)2]
4
a b
1 Case III: If  = 1, then a3 + b3 = 0
 ab = [(a + b)2 – (a2 + b2)] b a
2
1 1 1
1 Case IV:If – = then a3 + b3 = 0
 ab = [(a2 + b2) – (a – b)2] a b a –b
2
 (a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b) or (a³ + b³) = (a + b)³ – 3ab(a + b) a b
Case V: If  = – 1 then a3 – b3 = 0
 (a – b)³ = a³–b³–3ab(a–b) or a3 – b3 = (a – b)³ + 3ab(a – b) b a
 (a³ + b³) = (a + b) (a² + b² – ab)
 a³ – b³ = (a – b) (a² + b² + ab) a b 1
Case VI: If   then a3 – b3 = 0
 (a² + b² – ab) (a² + b² + ab) = a4 + a²b² + b4 b a a b
 a4 – b4 = (a – b) (a + b) (a² + b²)
 a4 – b4 = (a² – b²) (a² + b²) 1
Case VII: If ab (a + b) = 1 then – a3 – b3 = 3
a b3
3
a 3  b3
 a² + b² – ab =
a b
PARALLEL POWER FORMULA
1 1
a 3 – b3 
n
If x   K , then x n – n  ± K 2 – 4
 a² + b² + ab = xn x
a –b
n 1 1
 a + b 2  a – b 2  If x –  K , then x n  n  ± K 2 + 4
 ab =   –  
 xn x
 2   2 
 (a+b+c)2 = a² + b² + c² + 2(ab+bc+ca) x y x –y
 a² + b² + c² = (a+b+c)2 – 2(ab+bc+ca)  If xy = K, then xy = ± K – 4
2

1
a–b + b–c + c–a  
2 2 2
 a² + b² + c² – ab – bc – ca =  x -y x y
2   = K , then
 If xy = ± K +4
2

If a = b = c = k then xy
a² + b² + c² = ab + bc + ca
 If a² + b² + c² = 0 then a = 0, b = 0, c = 0 x y x y
 If  = K, then –  K2 – 4
 (a–b–c)² = a² + b² + c² – 2(ab+ac–bc) y x y x
 (a–b)² + (b – c)² + (c – a)² = 2(a² + b² + c² – ab – bc – ca)
 (a+b)² + (b + c)² + (c + a)² = 2(a² + b² + c² + ab + bc + ca) x y x y
 (a+b+c)3 = a³ + b³ + c³ +3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)  If – = K, then   K2  4
y x y x
 (a+b+c) = a³+b³+c³+3a²(b+c)+3b²(c+a) + 3c²(a+b) + 6abc
3

FOLLOW RAKESH YADAV SIR ON SOCIAL MEDIA 1

 SPECIAL FORMULA CASE
 b n 1 1
n
 If x    3 then x 3  3  0 and x 6 = – 1
 If ax      K then x x
cx 
Power difference 6 makes result in zero
n  b n 2 n bn (x6 + x° = 0 and x96 + x102 = 0)
ax –
  cx 
    K – 4  a 
cn
b  b 3 b
b  n
b  n  If ax + = K then (ax) +   = K3 – 3K × a ×
3
n n
cx cx
  c
 If ax  –   = K then ax    
 cx   cx 
b  b 3 b
bn If ax – = K then (ax)3 –   = K3 + 3K × a ×
2 n cx cx
  c
=  K  4 a 
cn
POWER 4 FORMULAS
POWER 2 FORMULAS
1  1 2
1 1  x4   
 x  
 – 2  –2
 If x 
2
= K, then x  2 = K2 – 2 x4  x 
x x
1  2 1  1  1
1 1  x4 – x  2 
 x – 
x   
 If x 
2
= K, then x  2 = K2 + 2 x4  x  x  x
x x
POWER 5 FORMULAS
1 2 1
 If x  =  2 , then x  2 = 0 and x 4 = – 1 1  2 1  3 1   1
x x x5  x  2  – 
x  3  x  
 5 = 
x  x  x   x
Power difference 4 makes result in zero
(x4 + x° = 0 and x96 + x100 = 0) 1 5 1
If x  = K then x  5 = (K2 – 2) (K3 – 3K) – K
x x
1 1
 If x  = 2 then xn + n = 2 1  2 1  3 1   1
x x
 x5 – 5 =  x – 3  – x  
x  2  
x  x  x   x
1 1
 If x  = – 2 then xn + n = – 2 1 1
x x If x 
5
= K then x  5 = (K2+2) (K3+3K) – K
x x
1 1

2
If x 
2
= K, then x    k  2 POWER 7 FORMULAS
x2 x
1  4 1  3 1   1
1 1  x7  x  4 
7 =  –
x  3  x  


2 2
If x  2 = K, then x –   k – 2 x  x  x   x
x x
1 1
b b  2
b
If x 
x
 K then x 7  7 
x

 2
 K –2

2
  

– 2 K 3 – 3K  – K

 If ax  = K, then (ax)2 + 
   = K2 – 2 × a ×
cx  cx  c 1  4 1  3 1   1
 x7 – 7 =  x – 3 
x  4  x – 
  
x  x  x   x
b  b 2 b
 If ax – = K, then (ax)2 +   = K2 + 2 × a × 1 1
cx  cx  c If x –
x
7  2
 2 3

= K then x – 7 =  K + 2 – 2 K + 3K
x
 
 + K
POWER 3 FORMULAS POWER 8 FORMULAS
1 3 1 2
 If x  = K, then x  3 = K3 – 3K 1   1
2

2

x x x + 8 =   x +  – 2 – 2 – 2
8

x   x  
1 3 1  
 If x  = K, then x – 3 = K3 + 3K
x x
1  1 1 1  1 
 x8 – = x –  x   x2  2  x 4  4 
1 3 1 x 8
 x   x   x   x 
 If x –  K , then x – 3 = (K + 3) K
x x
1 1
 If x   K , then x 3  3  K – 3 K
x x

2 FOLLOW RAKESH YADAV SIR ON SOCIAL MEDIA

 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
x +1
x k

x–1 x k² – 4 0 5 23 21 4 2 3 5 25 77 4 6

x2 + 12 k² – 2 2 7 14 23 34 47 62 79 98
x
x + 13 k³ – 3k
3
2 18 52 110 198 322 488 702 970
x
x + 15 (k²–2)(k³–3k)–k
5
2 123 724 2525 6726 15127 30248 55449 95050
x
x + 17 [{(k²–2)²–2}(k³–3k)–k]
7
2 843 10084 57965 228486 710647 1874888 4379769 9133930
x

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
x–1 x k

x +1x k² + 4 23 13 25 29 2 10 53 2 17 85 2 26
2 1
x+ 2 k² + 2 6 11 18 27 38 51 66 83 102
x
x 3 – 13 k³ + 3k 14 36 76 140 234 364 536 756 1030
x
x 5– 15 (k²+2)(k³+3k)–k 82 393 1364 3775 8886 18557 35368 62739 105050
x
x 7– 17 [{(k²+2)²–2}(k³+3k)+k] 478 4287 24476 101785 337434 946043 2333752 5206581 10714070
x

COMPONENDO & DIVIDENDO RULE:

A C A+B C+D
 If = then =
B D A–B C–D

X+Y A  X+Y + X–Y A+B X A+B

If = then  X+Y –  X–Y  =  =
X–Y B A–B Y A–B

If ab = c then a b b = c b  a = c b =
1 1 1
 b
c
 If xa = yb = zc = k (let) then a,b,c = ?
1 1 1
x = ka , y = kb , z = kc [It is given that xy=z]

1 1 1 1 1 1

ka × kb = kc  ka
+
b = kc

1 1 1 a+b 1
+ =  =
a b c ab c

FOLLOW RAKESH YADAV SIR ON SOCIAL MEDIA 3