[Opening Scene at Broadway - News Studio]

News Segment Name: {EBG} EarthBeat Gazette

"Good Morning, Eathbeat viewers. I'm Sarah Estalane. Welcome to EBG the earthBeath Gazette and alongside me is
the wonderful Lorrainejasmin Ilagan Aralar. Tonight, we're taking you on a crucial journey into the world of
environmental science, where we'll not only share global issues but also discuss the importance of raising awareness
and preventing further harm to our planet. Isn't that right, Lorrainejasmin?"

Anchor 2 (Lorraine Aralar): "Absolutely, Sarah. Tonight, it's not just about understanding the challenges we face
globally but also about recognizing our role in environmental management and protection. And to guide us through
this enlightening exploration, we have our dedicated reporters ready to share their insights. Let's meet them and
delve into their reports."

[HEADLINES FLASHING]

ANCHOR LORRAINE; "Our first report comes from our insightful reporter, Arah Estalyn about the introduction
of Environmental Protection and management. And John Paulo Gachalian will inform us about THE SEVEN
PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS.

ANCHOR SARAH: Next report will be the Climate Change and Air Pollution: Awareness and Prevention by
Jasmin Ilaga, followed by Zian Tampelic and she will Share us about the information of Water Sanitation and
Conservation and the The Role of the Youth in Environmental Protection and Management.

[END OF FLASHING, BACK TO BROADWAY SCENE]

Anchor 1 (Sarah Estalane): "We begin with an in-depth report from our very own reporter, Arah Estalyn. Arah,
what's the latest information you've gathered regarding the overview of environmental science?"

Reporter (Sarah Estalane): "Thank you, Sarah. In today's headlines, we're not just setting the foundation for
our environmental journey but also highlighting the importance of environmental care. Understanding the
basics of how our world operates is crucial, and later tonight, we'll delve into a detailed analysis of the factors
affecting us and how we can contribute to its well-being."

Environment is sum total of water, air, animals, human man beings and other living organisms lives. Air, water, and
land constitutes our surrounding and is directly influencing us. Singh categorized environment into four scopes:
atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere and the biosphere.

According to the National Geographic, we live at the bottom of an visible ocean called the atmosphere, a layer of
gases surrounding our planet. Nitrogen and oxygen account for 99 percent of the gases in dry air, with argon, carbon
dioxide, heltum, neon, and other gases making up minute portions. Water vapor and dust are also part of Earth's
atmosphere

Hydrosphere comprises the total amount of water on a planet. It includes the oceans. seas, lakes, rivers, streams,
reservoirs, polar ice caps, glaciers and ground water. It is interconnected with the other "spheres" of the Earth. Water
reserves of the world are consists of 97.6% saline or ocean water and only 2.4% freshwater. The abundance of water
on Earth clearly distinguishes our uniqueness from other planets in the solar system. Water is a basic element of the
planet. Water is an important element of the life support system in which all biochemical reactions within a living
organism and the other forms of terrestrial life rely. It is vital for self-reproducing life. It is a universal solvent and
carrier of substances
Lithosphere is the outer mantle of the solid earth. It's the earth's outermost rigid rock layer composed of plates that
float on the asthenosphere. It consists of minerals occurring in the earth's crust and the soil Minerals are metallic and
non-metallic elements or compounds of elements or compounds of elements that occur naturally on the earth's crust.
Minerals are used in many different ways, in domestic, agricultural. industrial and commmercial sectors and helps
every nation's economy. Soil is the upper layer of the earth's crust and supports plants, animals and microorganisms.

Biosphere is the layer of the earth that contains all living organisms. It is the global ecological system integrating all
living beings and their relationships, including their mteraction with other elements( lithosphere. hydrosphere, and
atmosphere

Environmental awareness is being aware of the state of the environment. The environment refers to all parts of
nature, living and non-living.

Being aware of the environment is particularly important, given the increasing environmental challenges we are
facing, such as:
climate change
global warming
water scarcity
droughts
deforestation
floods
pollution

Environmental Education
It refers to organized efforts to teach about how natural environment function and, particularly, how human beings
can manage their behavior and ecosystems in order to live sustainably. The term is often used to imply education
within the school system. from primary to post-secondary. However, it is sometimes used more broadly to include all
efforts to educate the public and other audiences, including print materials, websites, media campaigns, etc. Related
disciplines include outdoor education and experiential education

Environmental education is a learning process that increases people's knowledge and awareness about the
environment and associated challenges, develops the necessary skills and expertise to address the challenges, and
fosters attitudes, motivations, and commitments to make informed decisions and take responsible action (UNESCO.
Tbilisi Declaration 1978).

Environmental Education is a process which is very useful to human beings in order to manage well their
environment and instill the right behavior that serves as key to sustainable development.

Environmental Management
Environmental Management is defined as an attempt to control human impact on and interaction with environment
to preserve natural resources It focuses on the improvement of human welfare for present and future generations.
Contrary to what the terms suggests, environmental management is not the management of the environment but
rather is the management of the interaction of modern human societies with, and their impact on the environment

3 main issues that affect environmental managers

1 Politics
2. Programs
3. Resources
Environmental Protection
The aim of Environmental Protection is to reduced risks to the environment from contaminants such as hazardous
materials and wastes, fuels, and oils. It address pollution prevention measures and regulatory compliance by
providing procedures for safely working with these materials, inspecting the storage vessels and locations and
designating preventative maintenance procedures. Also included are environmental emergency plans, which provide
the appropriate actions to be taken in the event of a spill or release.

Following are the factors that affects the environment:

Impacts of Technology on the Environment

Technology refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes and the machinery and devices
developed as a result. It has provided humans with countless benefits and has made human lives a lot easier. In the
environment, technology has both positive and negative impacts. As the technology is improving, the air and water
pollution is drastically increasing. One of the negative impacts includes the amount of energy that is consumed
globally. Advance technology also require more energy for equipment and machines. Industrialized countries are
considered as the greatest contributor of greenhouse gases that causes global warming. Despite of the negative
effects, it also brought a lot of positive impacts. Promoting awareness on the impacts of technology advance in the
environment, many countries are now engaged in "green technology"

Human Impacts on the Environment

According to Berg, et al, human species is the most significant agent of environmental change on earth, however, our
intellectual capacity has made it possible to explore our environment to made changes on our environment. These
changes made by humans triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water. have greatly
taken toll on our environment. Some of the impacts made by humans are overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil
fuels, and deforestation.

Impacts of Population and Consumption on the Environment

The continuous growth of population lead to environmental degradation as greater population means more
consumption of food, water, energy and raw materials. Huge populations also produces enormous amounts of wastes
and population Consumption, the human use of material and energy can also have the same impact as overpopulation
High population means higher demand for resources such as food, water and shelter.

Impacts of Agriculture on the Environment

The traditional agricultural practice, slash and burn and shifting agriculture has led to deforestation and decline in
land quality. Modern agriculture practices resulted to greater environmental degradation Soil quality degradation
such as salinity, nitrate pollution, water logging and mutrient imbalance resulted from too much use of pesticides has
led to the evolution of more virulent and resistant pests.

Impacts of Mining on Environment on the Environment

Mining is done to extract minerals or fossil fuels from deep deposits in the soil by subsurface mining. The latter is
more destructive dangerous and expensive including risks of occupational hazards and accidents.

3 types of surface mining

Open-pit Mining
Dredging
Strip Mining
Impacts of Transportation on the Environment
Transportation is the movement of materials and human beings from one place to another. It could be carried out by
several ways, it could be by land or by water. Fossil fuels are usually used to run the automobiles. The widespread
use of automobiles brought about significant environmental problems.

Road and highway construction caused land conversion, loss of fertile top soil, soil erosion and clearing of forest in
the mountain areas.

The Global Warming

Global warming is defined the warming of the earth's lower atmosphere because of increases in the concentrations of
one or more greenhouse gases primarily as a result of one or more changes in any aspects of the earth's including
temperature. precipitation and storm activity. Climate change is usually seen as a result of global warming.

Greenhouses gases that absorb and trap the sun's infrared radiation causing the warming of the atmosphere is
transferred back to the earth's surface warming the land and ocean. The effects of global climate change include the
melting of land and ocean, sea level rise, change in the precipitation patterns and impacts on agriculture, health and
other organisms. Greenhouses gases can remain in the atmosphere for hundred of years.

2 Identified ways in managing global climate change:

Mitigation- moderation or postponement of global climate change through measures that reduce greenhouse gases
emission
Adaptation-planned response to changes caused by global climate change

Importance of Environment Education:

1. All major natural resources in the country are in grave danger of irreparable damage.

2. A society cannot survive if its natural resources are rendered unfit for use by its people.

3. The only hope of salvaging this grave situation is by making the young aware that they need to proactively begin
to protect the environment they will inherit.

4. Science and Technology can help in a limited way but cannot deliver it.

5. It is a moral and ethical education for changing people's attitude

6. To protect children living in polluted regions, environmental education represents a relevant means of prevention

7. It is a need of the time to propose environmental education delivered with moral concept.

8. It is concieved to sustain participation of the citizens especially the youth particularly in combating ill effects of
climate change.

Susan Toth, a Professor of Environmental Education at University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point, asked each of her
classes to share their reasons they teach EE, what it means to them, and how it can benefit learners of all ages. Here
are our top ten benefits of EE

Top 10 Benefits of Environmental Education

1. Imagination and enthusiasm are heightened

EE is hands-on, interactive learning that sparks the imagination and unlocks creativity. When EE is integrated into
the curriculum, students are more enthusiastic and engaged in learning, which raises student achievement in core
academic areas.

2. Learning transcends the classroom

Not only does EE offer opportunities for experiential learning outside of the classroom, it enables students to make
connections and apply their learning in the real world EE helps learners see the interconnectedness. of social,
ecological, economic, cultural, and political issues.

3. Critical and creative thinking skills are enhanced

EE encourages students to research, investigate how and why things happen, and make their own decisions about
complex environmental issues. By developing and enhancing critical and creative thinking skills. EE helps foster a
new generation of informed consumers. workers, as well as policy or decision makers.

4. Tolerance and understanding are supported

EE encourages students to investigate varying sides of issues to understand the full picture. It promotes tolerance of
different points of view and different cultures.

5. State and national learning standards are met for multiple subjects

By incorporating EE practices into the curriculum, teachers can integrate science, math, language arts, history, and
more into one rich lesson or activity, and still satisfy numerous state and national academic standards in all subject
areas. Taking a class outside or bringing nature indoors provides an excellent backdrop or context for
interdisciplinary learning

6. Biophobia and nature deficit disorder decline

By exposing students to nature and allowing them to learn and play outside, EE fosters sensitivity, appreciation, and
respect for the environment. It combats "nature deficit disorder"... and it's FUN!

7. Healthy lifestyles are encouraged

EE gets students outside and active, and helps address some of the health issues we are seeing in children today, such
as obesity, attention. deficit disorders, and depression Good nutrition is often emphasized through EE and stress is
reduced due to increased time spent in nature.

8. Communities are strengthened

EE promotes a sense of place and connection through commmmunity involvement When students decide to learn
more or take action to improve their environment, they reach out to community experts, donors, volunteers, and local
facilities to help bring the community together to understand and address environmental issues impacting their
neighborhood.

9. Responsible action is taken to better the environment

EE helps students understand how their decisions and actions affect the environment, builds knowledge and skills
necessary to address complex. environmental issues, as well as ways we can take action to keep our environment
healthy and sustainable for the future. Service-learning programs offered by PLT and other EE organizations provide
students and teachers with support through grants and other resources for action projects.
10. Students and teachers are empowered

EE promotes active leaming, citizenship, and student leadership. It empowers youth to share their voice and make a
difference at their school and in their communities. EE helps teachers build their own environmental knowledge and
teaching skills. I hope these "top ten" benefits will give you the confidence and commitment to incorporate EE into
your curriculum!

Learn more about the related Laws in Promoting Environment Education

An act to promote environmental awareness through environmental education and for other purposes. This Act is
Known as the "National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008". In, Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy
states that

Consistent with the policy of the State to protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful
ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature, and in recognition of the viral role of the youth in nation
building and the role of education to foster patriotism and nationalism. accelerate social progress, and promote total
human liberation and development. the state shall promote national awareness on the role of natural resources in
economic growths and the importance of environmental conservation and ecological balance towards sustained
national development.

Republic Act 9003: January 26, 2001 This is an act providing for an ecological solid waste management program,
creating the necessary institutional mechanism and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing
penalties appropriating funds thereof, and for other purposes.

Republic Act No. 9275: March 22, 2004-An Act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for
other purposes.

SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy - The State shall pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with
the protection, preservation and revival of the quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters.

Republic Act 8749: June 23, 1999- "Philippines Clean Air Act of 1999" an act providing for a comprehensive air
pollution control policy and for other purposes.

Republic Act No. 9147- An act providing for the conservation and protection of wildlife resources and their habitats,
appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes.

Republic Act No.9175-An act regulating the ownership, possession, sale, importation and use of chainsaws,
penalizing violations thereof and for other purposes.

Anchor 2 (Lorrainejasmin Ilagan Aralar): Thank you Arah for that wonderful information you share us."Now,
shifting our coverage, let's turn to our responsible reporter, John Paulo Gatchalian, who will provide a report on
the Seven Principles of Nature and the corresponding laws. John Paulo, what have you discovered in your
exploration of environmental care?"

Reporter (John Paulo Gatchalian): "Thank you, Lorrainejasmin. In this segment, we're unraveling the
principles governing our environment and the laws focused on its protection, such as RA 9003. This emphasizes
our responsibility for the overall health of our planet and actively engaging in its preservation."
According to Merriam Webster's Dictionary, environment is the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one
is surrounded; or the complex of physical, chemical, and biotic factors (such as climate, soil, and living things) that
act upon an organism or an ecological community and

ultimately determine its form and survival.

Therefore it includes: physical components such as air, water, land and energy. biological components such as plants
and animals, and, socio-economic components such as people, communities, institutions and values.

In his 1971 book "The Closing Circle", Barry Commoner, an ecologist, gives a clear and understandable example of
what ecology really means, while being one of the first to sound the alarm on the impending environmental crisis.

Commoner's life was devoted to helping people see the benefits of ecological thinking. He goes on to lay out four
basic and inescapable laws of ecology. The principles describe a beautiful web of life on earth.

While in 2003 Angelina P. Galang, in her book "Seven Lenses (or Environmental Principles as if Adults Mattered)."
expounded Commoner's ecological principles. She enumerated seven core messages that explain and emphasize in
non-technical terms why in a nutshell, ecology and the environment matter. These seven lenses or environmental
principles are as follows:

1. NATURE KNOWS BEST. (ANG KALIKASAN ANG MAS NAKAKAALAM)

Nature manifests certain processes that enable it to maintam balance and remain in a state of equilibrium. The
nutrient cycling of nitrogen, carbon. sulfur and phosphorous in the air, wwater and land indicates that minerals are
utilized within the confines of the earth. The flow of energy from the sun enables light to be converted into sugar in
plants through photosynthesis, and later for consumer organisms to obtain energy from plant starch. Food chains and
food webs allow transfer of energy from producers and consumers and provide the means for all living organisms to
acquire nutrition. Population control also occurs naturally through predator - prey relationships. The equilibrium in
the ecosystem is maintained, thus if humans intervene, unforeseen negative impacts known as ecological backlash,
may

arise Floods are often times backlashes of excessive felling of trees. The importation of golden kuhol, that became a
pest, reminds us that biological

organisms may not acclimatize in a new environment or may cause harm to

indigenous species.

2. ALL FORMS OF LIFE ARE EQUALLY IMPORTANT. (ANG LAHAT

NA MAY BUHAY AY MAHALAGA).

All organisms have a role in the ecosystem (niche) All living

organisms were created for a purpose in relation to humans, other species on

earth and global ecosystem in general. Thus, when a species becomes extinct, it is like removing a piece of a jigsaw
puzzle from the web of life. The variety of life forms, manifested by the different levels of biological diversity-
community, species and genes contributes to the stability of the environment. Food webs, food chains and ecological
relationships link plants and animals together in the web of life. Even bacteria, insects, snakes and rats have
ecological functions even though humans perceive them as parasites or pests

Many different organisms mean there is more biodiversity. This adds to the aesthetic value and available genetic
material in the environment. Having fewer species and lesser biodiversity takes away from the aesthetics of the
environment and reduces the amount of genetic material needed for the future agricultural or medical discoveries.

To maintain ecological balance, therefore, the conservation of genes, species and ecosystems becomes essential to
keep life together Biodiversity conservation strategies commence with the protection of both terrestrial and aquatic
ecosystems. Land uses, such as protected areas, ensure that the natural state of these habitats continue to exist in
designated areas Community-based approaches in conservation maximize citizens participation in protected areas.
Integrity of natural ecosystems can likewise be guarded through the preservation of indigenous species.

3. EVERYTHING IS CONNECTED TO EVERYTHING ELSE. (ANG LAHAT NG BAGAY AY

MAGKAKAUGNAY).

It reflects the existence of the elaborate network of interconnections in the ecosphere among different living
organisms, and between populations, species, and individual organisms and their physicochemical surroundings

The single fact that an ecosystem consists of multiple interconnected parts, which act on one another, has some
surprising consequences. The living component of the ecosystem affects and is affected by the abiotic components,
such as air, temperature, land. Inter-specific relationships create a dependency with each other so that they both have
to co-exist to live. All these relationships provide dependencies, check and balances that compose the details of our
life-support systems. Human interaction with nature oftentimes alters the ecosystems. The waste we improperly
dispose of brings about the deterioration of land and water quality. This may in turn reduce their capacity to provide
life for other organisms. Deforestation causes soil erosion and the earth deposited on the water bodies covers the
coral reefs resulting to fishery loss. Suspended particulares from vehicular and stationary sources may cause lung
problems among city residents. War causes destruction of wildlife and habitats. There is a cause and effect chain,
even when it is neither always visible nor observable

4. EVERYTHING CHANGES. (ANG LAHAT AY NAGBABAGO).

Changes in the biophysical world occur naturally. As they say, there is nothing more permanent in this world than
change. Consider the following examples Metamorphosis of caterpillars to butterflies illustrates morphological
changes that occur in living forms. The increase of vegetation on earth augmented the amount of oxygen in the
atmosphere through time Seasons are cyclic changes that contribute to the diversity of flowers, fruits. vegetables and
other crops during the year Random changes manifested by natural catastrophe such as typhoons destroy forests,
coral reefs and mangroves. Volcanic eruptions annihilate surface flora and submerge rivers

Human-induced alteration such as climate change may cause more massive repercussions. Land use change from
forests to agricultural land to human settlements change the composition of vegetation and animals. Human-induced
changes can be managed so that the negative impacts are minimized and positive changes accentuated.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) provides a tool for the projection, planning and management of change
brought about by industrialization and human settlement expansion Effluents can be managed through policy and
pollution control techniques by both industry and government to achieve clean air and water

Sustainable development presents a paradigm of change for the 21st Century. Sustainable development promotes
ecological integrity, equitable sharing of resources and people empowerment as pillars of growth. Biodiversity
conservation contributes to ecological integrity, through both in- situ and ex-situ techniques. Biodiversity
conservation becomes successful only

if coupled with poverty alleviation, improving equity of access to resources and instituting social change.
Environmental education facilitates social transformation by modifying attitudes and behavior of people towards an
ecological ethic

5. EVERYTHING MUST GO SOMEWHERE. (ANG LAHAT NG BAGAY AY MAY PATUTUNGUHAN).

Applied to ecology, the law emphasizes that in nature there is no such thing as "waste." In every natural system, what
is excreted by one organism as waste is taken up by another as food. Animals release carbon dioxide as a respiratory
waste, this is an essential nutrient for green plants. Plants excrete oxygen, which is used by animals. Animal organic
wastes nourish the bacteria of decay. Their wastes, inorganic materials such as nitrate, phosphate, and carbon
dioxide, become algal nutrients

A persistent effort to answer the question "Where does it go? can yield a surprising amount of valuable information
about an ecosystem. Consider, for example, the fate of a household item which contains mercury-a substance with
serious environmental effects that have just recently surfaced. A dry-cell battery containing mercury is purchased,
used to the point of exhaustion, and then "thrown out." But where does it really go? First it is placed in a container of
rubbish, this is collected and taken to an incinerator Here the mercury is heated, this produces mercury vapor which
is emitted by the incinerator stack, and mercury vapor is toxic. Mercury vapor is carried by the wind, eventually
brought to earth in rain or snow. Entering a mountain lake, let us say, the mercury condenses and sinks to the bottom.
Here it is acted on by bacteria which convert it to methyl mercury. This is soluble and taken up by fish, since it is not
metabolized, the mercury accumulates in the organs and flesh of the fish. The fish is caught and eaten by a man and
the mercury becomes deposited in his organs, where. it might be harmful And so on.

This is an effective way to trace out an ecological path. It is also an excellent way to counteract the prevalent notion
that something which is regarded as useless simply "goes away" when it is discarded. Nothing "goes away", it is
simply transferred from place to place, converted from one molecular form to another, acting on the life processes of
any organism in which it becomes, for a time, lodged. One of the chief reasons for the present environmental crisis is
that great amounts of materials have been extracted from the earth, converted into new forms, and discharged into
the environment without taking into account that "everything has to go somewhere." The result, too often, is the
accumulation of harmful amounts of material in places where, in nature, they do not belong.

6. OURS IS A FINITE EARTH. (ANG KALIKASAN AY MAY HANGGANAN)

Everything that we need is provided by nature in abundance-food. water, energy, minerals and air. However, some
resources that we depend upon nowadays are extracted excessively but are slow to replace. These non- renewable
resources experience limits of supply. For instance, fossil fuels produced over thousands of years may be exhausted
in a hundred years Some energy sources like water, and wood may be replaced easier but have become inaccessible
due to pollution and excessive extraction. Diminishing forest cover have resulted from logging, ineffective
reforestation and continued land conversion. However, food scarcity and poverty may have resulted from failed
distribution systems rather than inability of the land and water bodies to vield food

It can be argued that increasing population decreases the amount of resources available to each person. Carrying
capacity, or the ability of the ecosystem to support a number of people, may be influenced by limit of resources due
to an increasing population. Competition increases as the carrying capacity is reached. Per capita consumption must
also be taken into account because people in Northern countries generally consume more food, energy and resources
than people in the developing Southern countries. Carrying capacity may be addressed two ways increase resources
and reduce population growth Agricultural productivity for instance may be increased with better availability of
water and farm inputs

Pollution reduces the absorbing capacity of air and water. Pollution likewise reduces the availability of land and
water to produce food for human consumption. A river classified a Class IV means that it becomes fit only for only
for navigation and can no longer sustain life forms

Likewise, oil spills from accidents or war destroy bays and rivers. Waterways that have become cesspool of domestic
wastes cannot contain fishes and shells or if they do might transmit toxins and harmful bacteria to consumers.
Several solutions have been suggested to solve this problem: reduction of consumption, increased use of renewable
energy, emissions trading, and pollution control. The conservation ethic and technological solutions have become
viable strategies to address finiteness of resources. Biodiversity conservation is anchored on the principle that lost
species are

irreplaceable. Thus, extinct species have acquired a greater value more effort has to be exerted to protect and save
endangered species The conservation ethic supports the belief that we should tread lightly on the earth by using only
what we need. The philosophy of "sapat", meaning "enough" suggests that we should buy and consume only what
we need and leave some for the less privileged and the next generation.
In ecology, as in economics, the law is intended to warm that every gain is won at some cost. Because the global
ecosystem is a connected whole, in which nothing can be gained or lost and which is not subject to over-all
improvement, anything extracted from it by human effort must be replaced
Payment of this price cannot be avoided, it can only be delayed. The present environmental crisis is a warning that
we have delayed nearly too long.

7. NATURE IS BEAUTIFUL AND WE ARE STEWARDS OF GOD'S CREATION. (ANG KALIKASAN AY

MAGANDA AT TAYO ANG TAGAPANGASIWA NG LAHAT NG NILIKHA NG DIYOS.)

Creation presupposes the existence of a Creator. The beautiful nature around us, perfect by itself, has deteriorated
due to the negative impacts of human use. This principle suggests how a Human-Creator relationship is translated in
our attitude towards creation. Theologians explain that there are different levels of this relationship First is a
relationship determined by dominion of humans over creation, that humans can do as they wish because this was
given by God. The book of Genesis says "have dominion over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air..." The
second level is one of stewardship, that of a caretaker where humans are not owners but guardians of the integrity of
nature. The third level promotes a kinship relationship postulated by St. Francis de Assisi in the famous verse
"Bother sun, Sister moon", where humans are no higher than the birds and fishes of the sea. Fourth is one of
sacrament, where nature becomes a testimony of God's love. Fifth is a covenant relationship, where protection of the
earth is a life mission manifested in the things that we do and say.

Different religions from Islam to Buddhism to Judeo-Christian to indigenous people's animium express the belief of
caring for the earth, including all creatures. Thus it is the goal of environmental education and biodiversity
conservation education to motivate target audiences towards developing an eco-spirituality that moves them into a
more meaningfil relationship with nature and a greater participation in the biophysical economic processes that make
this world a better place to live in

Based on these tenets, appreciating ecology ultimately means recognizing that humankind is but a small piece of a
larger, more innicate picture. People may have achieved so much in terms of social structures, knowledge,

and technology throughout generations, yet the planet still holds much more power-nightily creative and destructive
at the same time-over them
The seven key principles also establish interdependence and equal importance among all forms of life on Earth,
regardless of size, distribution, or function. Changes that affect even the minuets orgatusins can create a ripple effect
that could bear tremendous impacts upon greater ecological interactions, observable or otherwise. In this sense, the
call for greater awareness over "ecological footprints, especially in this age of advanced. modemization and
industrialization resonates louder than ever.
In addition, Earth, despite its abundant and resilient nature and sheer grandeur, has its limits, and unfortunately, all
signs point to human activity being the primary force behind its premature depletion and degradation. People have
the sentient capacity, and thus a role, to acknowledge nature's wonderful abilities and worrisome limitations alike. As
conscious stewards rather than abusive masters of nature, humans have the greatest means to appreciate as well as
utilize what it can offer Awareness and sensitivity to the present ecological situation, along with an eye keen on the
future, is therefore a daunting responsibility and a humbling privilege at the same time.
By recognition and acceptance of these principles alone people can establish a genuine and impassioned foundation
for advocacy and action towards the cause of environmental conservation and sustainability

B. IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

RA. 9003
-Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 In partnership with stakeholders, the law aims to adopt a
systematic, comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management program that shall ensure the protection of
public health and environment. The law ensures proper segregation, collection, storage, treatment, and disposal of
solid waste through the formulation and adaptation of best eco-waste products.

Anchor 1 (Sarah Estalane): "Continuing our environmental coverage, Jasmin Ilagan, your report focuses on
climate change and air pollution. Can you share some insights into the global awareness and prevention
measures you've come across?"

Reporter (Lorrainejasmin Ilagan Aralar): "Thank you, Sarah. In this report, we're not only addressing the
challenges posed by climate change and air pollution but also emphasizing the critical role of global awareness
and prevention. It's a call to action for individuals and communities to actively engage in solutions for a
healthier planet."

What is climate change?

Climate Change is any change in climate over time whether due to natural processes or as a result of human activity.
It is a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the
global atmosphere and which is, in addition to natural climate variability, observed over comparable time periods
(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

How does it occur?

The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 4AR 2007) concludes that
climate change is already occurring and that further acceleration will result in a two (2) degree increase in global
temperature and of extreme weather conditions.

Climate Change is caused by the increase volume of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases
are goes that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, warming the earth's surface and contributing to climate change
(UNEP 1988). These gases are water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ozone, hydrofluorocarbon,
perfluorocarbon, and surfur hexafluoride. When these gases increase in volume, more solar heat will be trapped
resulting to a warmer atmospheric condition. This phenomenon is known as the "greenhouse effect". Global.
warming is the increase in the average temperature of the earth's near-surface air and oceans that is associated with
the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Human are responsible for the accelerated warming of the earth before the advent of human, climate changes were
naturally caused Many greenhouse gases occur naturally like methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ozone and even
water vapor Other greenhouse gases like hydroflurocarbons (HFC), perflurocarbon (PFC), and sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6) which absorb and hold greater heat are human-made, These are produced through industrial processes.
However, human activities also add to the increase of the naturally occurring greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

What are the effects of climate change or global warming?

The warming of the Earth's atmosphere result in the melting of snow covers and glaciers, the rise of sea level, shorter
winters, early springs, hotter summers and delayed coming of autumns, altered forest productivity and composition,
habitat shifts of some animals, changes in the behavior patterns of flora and fauna, spread of diseases, stronger and
more frequent typhoons, more floods, severe droughts, stronger heat waves and heavier rains and more

These changes in the environment as a result of climate change have already made their impact on human population
in a global scale. Socio-economic problems and difficulties will be amplified compounding the already heavy burden
of the poor sectors. Agriculture become less or non-productive due to droughts and flooding Mounting social
pressure on the damaging effects of climate change will influence political priorities and direction.

What can be done locally?

The following can be done

1. Mitigation-Reduce the sources of green house gas emissions or enhance their sink or capture

2. Adaptation-Moderate the harmful effects of climate change and exploit its beneficial opportunities

3. Awareness-Support or join awareness raising of people in your locally community about climate change.

4. Capacity Building - Carry out concrete disaster prevention, mitigation and management activities.

5. Advocate- Suggest or advocate the integration of climate change mitigation and adaptation into organizational
institutional plans to mainstream this consciousness

6. Policy Development- Lobby for and/ or support climate change responsive policies and ordinances

7. Reduce vulnerability- Synergize efforts with other enlightened individual or group stakeholders

8. Develop a stable resource mobilization mechanism or system To ensure and facilities the flow of financial and
technical support to local implementers.

Anchor 2 (Lorrainejasmin Ilagan Aralar): "Now, let's turn our focus to the vital issues of water
sanitation, conservation, and the incredible initiatives led by the youth. Zian Ayen Tampelic, our
dedicated reporter, will guide us through the challenges, solutions, and the inspiring role of the youth.
Zian, over to you."
Reporter (Zian Ayen Tampelic): "Thank you, Lorrainejasmin. In this comprehensive segment, we're
delving into the critical issues of water sanitation and conservation, seamlessly connecting it with the
youth-led initiatives in environmental protection and management. From the challenges we face in
water resources to the remarkable contributions of the youth, this report aims to provide a holistic
view of our environmental landscape."

"In the realm of water, we'll explore the challenges surrounding sanitation and the urgent need for
efficient water resource management. Additionally, we'll transition seamlessly into the role of youth in
environmental protection. How are they contributing, and what insights have they gained? Let's
unravel these interconnected stories for a better understanding of our environmental responsibilities
and potential solutions."

The nation faces significant challenges in terms of water and sanitation access, our national government aim to
develop an efficient water resources management system. As per United Nation Water, around 2.2 billion people lack
access to safe drinking water services and 4.2 billion people lack safely managed sanitation services. In our country,
seven million count on unsafe and unsustainable water and about 24 million. lack access to improved sanitation.

Drinking safe water is a global concern. Drinking water sources are progressively at risk from contamination, the
impacts of it is not only on the health of the humans, but also on the economic, environmental and social
development of communities and nations.

According to Unicef, WASH stands for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene. These three core issues are grouped together
to represent a growing sector. While each a separate field of work, each is dependent on the presence of the other.
For example, without toilets, water sources become contaminated; without clean water, basic hygiene practices are
not possible.

The main components of water resources management in the Philippines are vested in the mandates of the various
government agencies that undertake most of the water resources programmes and projects in the country. Good
hygiene were practices by many Filipinos and know the that it can reducing the spread of diseases but if water
sanitation is not improved, human waste cannot be separates from human contact

BUILDING WATER CONSERVATION TIPS:

1. Keep the plumbing system in good working condition

2. Recycle water from steam boilers as boiling feedwater or use them to flush toilets or for cleaning/mopping floors.

3. Install meters on areas with high water consumption to allow determination of any reduction in consumption when
water reduction programs are put in place

4Install shut-off on water hoses or low volume/high pressure nozzles (LVHP) or flow constrictors on faucets and
showers to save on

water

5. install water catchment basins on downspouts and air conditioning systems and use the residual water to water
plants
6. Close water gate valves when not in use (eg, Saturdays and Sundays)

7. Give only the right amount of water to custorners who request for water and use the residual water to water plants
or to clean building surroundings or floors.

8. Post water conservation tips on conspicuous places within the building

9. Immediately report any unabated leaks to MWSS Regulatory Office at 925-0019 and to your water concessionaire
(Maynilad Water Hotline 1626 or Manila Water Hotline 1627)

INDOOR:

Repair running toilets and leaky faucets

2. Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth, washing your hands, and shaving

3. Take shorter showers

Don't let the water run unabated while you wash dishes:

When taking a bath, use dipper from pail instead of running water from shower

Collect the water you use for rinsing fruits and vegetables, then reuse it to water houseplants

Designate one glass for your drinking water each day or refill a water bottle. This will cut down on the number of
glasses to wash

Teach your children to turn off faucets tightly after each use and

Share water conservation tips with friends and neighbors.

METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM

OUTDOOR:

1. Water your plants and lawn early in the morning or late in the afternoon when it's cooler. Don't water your plants
during windy days or

high noon

2. Don't water your lawn often. Never soak your lawn, grass does not need a lot of water,

3. ise pail and dipper instead of sprinklers when watering plants, When cleaning your sidewalk or drivewity, use a
boom instead of a hose,

4Reduce the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs, and ground cover with rock and granite mulching

5Use a pail and cotton rag when washing your car. Do not use a running hose and sponge
7. Immediately report to concerned concessionaire any water leaks from busted pipes, pilferage, etc;

8Use recycled water (eg, water used in dish-washing) for watering plants, and

9Collect water from your roof to water your garden ors.

METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM

Unsafe hygiene practices are widespread, compounding the effects on people's health. The impact on child mortality
rates is devastating with more than 297 000 children under five who die annually from diarrhoeal diseases due to
poor sanitation, poor hygiene, or unsafe drinking water.

We urge every students to promote sustainable water and sanitation programs through doing the given tips at home in
relevant and cost effective ways, are all looking forward improve the water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)
situation of the poorest communities in the Philippines.

THE ROLE OF THE YOUTH IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND

MANAGEMENT

Environmental education connects us to the world around us, teaching us about both natural and built environments.
It raises awareness of issues impacting the environment upon which we all depend, as well as actions we can take to
improve and sustaim it

Whether we bring nature into the classroom, take students outside to learn, or find impromptu teachable moments on
a nature walk with our families. it has many benefits for youth, educators, schools, and communities.

Schools should encourage youth to share their environmental knowledge with their friends and family. A good way
to do this would be to encourage them to practice at home. It's not as useful if children use water sparingly at school,
but leave taps dripping at home. These principles will help produce kids who are more knowledgeable about
environmental issues.

Anchor 1 (Sarah Estalane): Thank you Zian Ayen Tampelic, for providing us with a comprehensive
look at water sanitation, conservation, and the inspiring role of the youth in environmental protection.
"As we conclude this special environmental feature, we extend our heartfelt appreciation to our
dedicated team of reporters and our wonderful viewers. Tonight, we've journeyed through the
intricate world of environmental science, exploring vital topics from climate change to water
sanitation and conservation. The challenges are significant, but so are the solutions, and it's our
collective responsibility to make a positive impact. Let's continue this conversation, share our insights,
and work towards a sustainable future. Thank you for joining us here at EarthBeath Gazette hope you
learn on our Environmental Protection and Management, I'm Sarah Estalane."

Anchor 2 (Lorrainejasmin Ilagan Aralar): "Absolutely, Sarah. Tonight's exploration into

environmental management and protection has been both enlightening and thought-provoking.
We're not just observers; we are stewards of this planet. A big thank you to our incredible reporters
for their insightful coverage. Now, we turn to you, our viewers. Your opinions, actions, and
commitment matter. Let's take the lessons learned tonight and turn them into positive change. This is
Lorrainejasmin Ilagan Aralar, and on behalf of the entire Broadway team, thank you Earthbeaters and
Goodbye.