Know Your State

Highly Useful for Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC),

Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC)
& Other State Level Exams

Authors
Sohan Singh Khattar
Reena Kar

Arihant Publications (India) Limited

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About The Book
General Knowledge of Haryana is essential for the competitive
examinations of the State. For the same purpose this book (Know Your State
Haryana) is designed to serve as a reference book for the students who
appear in Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC) and other state level
competitive examinations.
The book provides comprehensive information about Haryana to
familiarize the readers about the state. This book provides detailed study of
History, Geography, Polity, Art and Culture, Centre and State Government
Welfare Schemes and Current Affairs of Haryana. A systematic chapter by
chapter study will result in marked improvement in the performance of the
students. Box, Tables, Map, Figures are also used to make the presentation
more clear.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) at the end of each chapter are given to
test the candidates understanding of the subject from the examination
point of view. The book provides the most relevant, authentic and up to
date information on various aspects of Haryana.

We invite and welcome any feedback or suggestion for the further

improvement of this book in subsequent editions.
Authors
Sohan Singh Khattar
Reena Kar
Inside The Book
CURRENT AFFAIRS 1-16
HARYANA BASIC INFORMATION 1-5

1. Ancient History of Haryana 6-34

l Historical Sources of Haryana 6
l Ancient History of Haryana 10
l Siswal Culture 11
l Hakra Culture in Haryana 13
l Indus Valley Civilisation/Harappan Civilisation 14
l Mahabharata War 19
l Buddhism and Jainism in the Later Vedic Period 19
l Mauryan Period 23
l Yaudheya Republic 23
l Agar (Agroha) Republic 24
l Arjunayana Republic 25
l Kunind Republic 25
l Gupta Period 25
l Haryana and Gurjar - Pratihara Period 26
l Haryana and Tomar Dynasty 27

2. Medieval History of Haryana 35-53

l Turk Invasion and Haryana 35
l Rise of Chauhans in Haryana 36
l Rise of Bhadanakas and Haryana 36
l Invasion of Muhammad Ghori and Haryana 37
l Haryana in Sultanate Period 37
l Mughal Empire and Haryana (1526-1707 AD) 42
l Later Mughal Period and Haryana 45

3. Modern History of Haryana 54-79

l Rule of British East India Company in Haryana 54
l Revolt of 1857 and Haryana 57
l Congress and National Movement in Haryana 64
l Haryana in the First and Second World War 68
l 1946 Elections and Independence 69
l Important Freedom Fighters From Haryana 69
l Arya Samaj in Haryana 71

4. Formation of Haryana as a Separate State 80-85

l Demand for Punjab Province 80
l State Reorganisation Commission 81
l Regional Formula 81
l Shah Commission 82
 5. Geographical Structure of Haryana 86-96
l Location and Extent of Haryana 86
l Geological Structure of Haryana 88
l Divisions of Haryana on the Basis of Geographical Area 89
l Physiography of Haryana 89
l Geographical Divisions of Haryana 89

6. Climate of Haryana 97-104

l Classification of Climate in Haryana 97
l Temperature in Haryana 99
l Major Seasons of Haryana 99

7. Soil Resources in Haryana 105-111

l Regional Distribution of Soil in Haryana 105
l Soil Erosion in Haryana 108
l Soil Salinity and Alkalinity in Haryana 108

8. Drainage System of Haryana 112-123

l Classification of Drainage System 112
l Major Lakes of Haryana 117
l Drains of Haryana 118

9. Forests Resources in Haryana 124-134

l Forest Cover in Haryana 124
l Classification of Forests in Haryana 125
l Schemes Related to Forest Development in Haryana 128

10. National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Haryana 135-141

l National Parks in Haryana 135
l Wildlife Sanctuaries in Haryana 136
l Conservation Reserves in Haryana 137
l Animal Rehabilitation, Research and Conservation Centres of Haryana 137
l Zoos of Haryana 138

11. Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 142-169

l Haryana Agriculture Land Use 142
l Crop Seasons in Haryana 143
l Horticulture in Haryana 149
l Floriculture in Haryana 151
l Institutions for Agricultural Development 152
l Important Scheme for Agriculture Development of Haryana Government 154
l Animal Husbandry in Haryana 158
l State Government Initiatives for Developments of Animal Husbandry 160
l Livestock and Dairy Development Institute 162
l Poultry Farming in Haryana 163
l Fisheries in Haryana 164

12. Irrigation in Haryana 170-179

l Canal Irrigation System in Haryana 170
l Multipurpose River Valley Projects of Haryana 172
l Major Dams of Haryana 173
 l Region-Wise Irrigation System in Haryana 174
l Government Initiative for Development of Irrigation 175
l Haryana Government Departments for Irrigation Facilities 176

13. Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana 180-194

l Mineral Resources in Haryana 180
l Energy Resources in Haryana 183
l Renewable Energy Department 189
l Schemes Run by State Government 190

14. Industries in Haryana 195-216

l History of Industrial Development in Haryana 195
l Key Industries in Haryana 195
l Key Industrial Centres in Haryana 201
l Major Sugar Mills in Haryana 206
l Major Industrial Development Agencies in Haryana 206
l Industrial Parks in Haryana 209
l Industrial Awards in Haryana 212

15. Transport and Communication in Haryana 217-238

l Transport System in Haryana 217
l Road Transport in Harayana 217
l State Government Initiatives for Road Transport 219
l New Transport Policy of Haryana Government, 2017 221
l Railway Transport in Haryana 222
l Air Transport in Haryana 225
l Communication in Haryana 227
l Haryanvi Cinema 231

16. Haryana Administrative Structure 239-252

l Legislature 239
l Representation of Haryana in Parliament 243
l Haryana Executive 243
l President's Rule in Harayan 244
l Major Political Parties of Haryana 249

17. Haryana Judiciary 253-263

l High Court 253
l Historical Background of High Court of Punjab and Haryana 253
l Institutions and Commissions in Haryana 257
l Haryana Law Enforcement 259

18. Local Self Government in Haryana 264-274

l Panchayati Raj in Haryana 264
l Haryana Panchayati Raj Act 265
l New Projects Related to Panchayati Raj System 269
l Awards given to Gram Panchayat in Haryana 269
l Local Self Government in Urban Areas 270
19. District Profile of Haryana 275-305
l Division of Haryana 275
l Ambala Division 277
l Gurugram Division 284
l Hisar Division 289
l Rohtak Division 293
l Karnal Division 298

20. Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana 306-317

l Archaeological Forts of Haryana 306
l Other Archaeological sites of Haryana 310
l Major Museums of Haryana 311

21. Tourism in Haryana 318-339

l Religious Places in Haryana 318
l Major Gurudwaras in Haryana 327
l Famous Churches in Haryana 328
l Major Mosques in Haryana 329
l Shrines and Dargahs in Haryana 329
l Mausoleum or Samadhi in Haryana 331
l Modern Tourist Centres in Haryana 332

22. Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana 340-354

l Architecture in Haryana 340
l Sculpture in Haryana 344
l Art in Haryana 345
l Crafts of Haryana 347

23. Music and Dance of Haryana 355-371

l The Evolution of Music in Haryana 355
l Folk Music in Haryana 356
l Folk Dance in Haryana 362
l Swang : Folk Theatre of Haryana 366

24. Fairs and Festivals of Haryana 372-398

l Important Festivals of Haryana 372
l Festivals of Sikhs 378
l Fairs of Haryana 381
l Major Fairs of Various Districts of Haryana 387
l International Fairs of Haryana 394

25. Cultural Heritage of Haryana 399-412

l Men's Traditional Costumes 399
l Women's Traditional Costumes 400
l Traditional Costume for Children 401
l Traditional Ornaments of Haryana 401
l Popular Foods in Haryana 404
l Prevailing Omen and Bad Omen in Haryana 405
26. Languages and Literature of Haryana 413-438
l Languages of Haryana 413
l Haryanvi Literature 415
l Prose Literature of Haryana 418
l Modern Literature of Haryana 419
l The Court Literature of Haryana 420
l Hindi Literature of Haryana 420
l Haryana Literary Academies and Awards 430

27. Education and Health in Haryana 439-462

l Beginning of Integrated Education in Haryana 439
l Higher Education in Haryana (Colleges and Universities) 444
l Health Scenario in Haryana 452
l Council of Indian Medicine, Haryana 458

28. Demographic Profile of Haryana 463-471

l Decadal Growth Rate of Haryana 464
l Population Density of Haryana 464
l Literacy Rate in Haryana 465
l Child Population (0-6 years) and Sex-Ratio in Haryana 466
l Rural and Urban Population in Haryana 467
l Haryana Religion Based Census 468
l Occupational Structure in Haryana 468
l Population of Scheduled Castes in Haryana 469

29. Sports and Awards in Haryana 472-495

l Famous Sports of Haryana 472
l Famous Sports Organisation in Haryana 481
l Some Important Sports Stadiums in Haryana 482
l Haryana at the International Level 486
l Sports Related Development in Haryana 487
l Awards of Haryana 487

30. Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana 496-509

l Major Schemes Related to Women and Child Development 496
l Major Schemes Related to Social Justice and Empowerment 499
l Major Schemes Related to Health 501
l Major Schemes Related to Insurance 501
l Schemes Related to Employment 502
l Major Schemes Related to Scheduled Castes 503
l Farmers Welfare Schemes 504

31. Famous Personalities of Haryana 510-520

l Historical Personalities of Haryana 510
l Political Personalities 512
l Social Activists 514
l Military Personnel 515
l Miscellaneous Personalities 516
 Current Affairs
Haryana Budget 2021-22
l The Haryana Government on 12th March,
2021 presented the Budget for 2021-22 with
` 155645 crore, focusing on health, agriculture
and infrastructure. The budget outlay
comprises 25 per cent as capital expenditure of
` 38718 crore and 75 per cent as revenue
expenditure of ` 116,927 crore.
l The Budget had been prepared amid the
unprecedented global crisis induced by the
COVID-19 pandemic and challenges being
faced as never before. The health sector has
been allocated ` 7731 crore in 2021-22.
Budget allocation for different Sectors is given
below:
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
l A special campaign Har Khet Swasth Khet to
be started for focus on soil health and
facilitating cropping choices based on soil
quality. Farmers are being encouraged to sow
crops based on the soil health.
l To increase awareness among the farmers as
well as science students regarding importance
of soil health management, an initiative has
been taken by the government to impart
training to science students for testing soils
and water samples.
l A new portal will be established for
participation of farmers in the scheme for
treatment of alkaline and saline soil. The
Government proposes to target 1 lakh acres of
land for reclamation in 2021-22.
l Government will form 1000 Farmer Produce
Organizations by March 2022. To promote
entrepreneurship, a Crop Cluster
Development Programme is under
implementation.
l A comprehensive management plan has been
prepared for the management of crop residue
on site and at other locations. Steps have been
initiated to install 100 compressed bio-gas and
bio-mass plants for utilisation of crop residue
in association with the Union Ministry of
Petroleum and Natural Gas.
l The Government will provide subsidy of
` 7000 per acre as an incentive to farmers for
diversification from paddy to alternate crops.
The target is to reduce area under paddy
cultivation by 2 lakh acres during 2021-22.
l Government to promote zero budget farming
and organic/natural farming.
2 Know Your State Haryana
l It is targeted to cover an area of 1 lakh acres of
cropped area under this initiative in the
coming three years.
l Government to launch a new scheme, Kisan
Mitra Yojana, to facilitate farmers through
multiple services like cash withdrawal, cash
deposit, balance enquiry, pin change, new pin
generation, mini statement, cheque book
request, Aadhaar number updation, loan
request, mobile number updation and
registration of problems and feedback, etc.
The scheme envisages installing 1000 farmer’s
ATMs in partnership with banks.
l Government to create additional storage
capacity for agriculture produce, to add over
6.60 lakh MT storage capacity this year.
l Government to establish the India
International Horticulture Market (IHM) at
Ganaur, Sonipat district in an area of 545 acre.
l Haryana Agro Industries Corporation Ltd. to
set up 2000 retail stores/outlets across the 22
districts to set up a network for non-perishable
packaged consumer goods etc. including Vita
products within the state.
l Haryana is one of the 18 states that has
implemented e-NAM in 81 APMCs. The
remaining 32 Mandis will be integrated with
e-NAM soon.
l A special drive is being conducted to provide
Pashudhan Kisan Credit Cards to livestock
farmers by different banks in the state.
l Government has decided to expand the Pandit
Deen Dayal Upadhayay Samuhik Pashudhan
Beema Yojana for the livestock and has
decided to go in for livestock insurance.
l Government will establish three bio safety
Level-II laboratories with Rapid and RT-PCR
diagnostics of Avian Influenza and other
poultry diseases in Hisar, Sonipat and
Panchkula to provide better diagnostic services
in the state.
l Government will ensure computerisation of all
1020 Government Veterinary Hospitals and
connect them with IT network by providing
all necessary infrastructure linked with Fiber
to the Home (FTTH) village level fiber net.
l ` 50 crore has been allocated to strengthen
Gaushalas.
l With an objective to double the income of fish
farmers, the government will develop an
additional 1090 hectares saline affected area
and 5000 hectares fresh water area under
‘Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana
Scheme’ (PMMSY) during 2021-22 to
2024-25.
l Under the ‘Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada
Yojana Scheme’ (PMMSY), 10 small fish feed
mill plant units would be established during
2021-22 to 2024-25.
Social Welfare
l Old Age Samman allowance raised to ` 2500
per month from 1st April, from existing
` 2250.
l Mukhyamantri Vivah Shagun Yojana
simplified so that beneficiaries get the benefit
before marriage or on the wedding day itself.
l An amount of ` 22000 will now be provided
to Scheduled Caste individuals to meet the
expenditure for defending their cases related to
property, agriculture land, rent and reservation
etc. in the courts under the Legal Aid Scheme.
This is double of earlier ` 11000.
Education and Health
l 4000 playway schools to be opened with focus
on strengthening health, nutritional needs of
children and augur their overall development
in terms of inculcating moral values.
l In the first phase, 1135 Anganwadi centres
running from school premises or departmental
buildings will be upgraded into play schools
and made operational from March 2021.
Current Affairs
l In the second phase, 2865 Anganwadi Centres
will be upgraded into play schools in financial
year 2021-2022.
l 500 creches will be made operational in two
phases. In the first phase, 182 creches were
sanctioned and 30 already made operational
with modern facilities in 2020-21. Remaining
crèches will be started in 2021-22 by
upgrading existing Anganwadi centres after
assessing the footfall of working women in
different districts.
l Special focus will be given to disadvantaged
groups by creating Special Education Zones
(SEZs) for targeted groups to improve
enrolment. A Gender Inclusion Fund (GIF)
will be created to provide higher financial
assistance to girl students in these SEZs.
l ` 18410 crores allocated for the education
sector which is 17.8 per cent more than the
previous year.
l A sum of ` 700 crore will be allocated to
promote technology-based learning in all
government schools which will include the
provision of digital tablets, digital
classrooms etc.
l University of Health Sciences in Karnal to be
named after Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay.
l Government Medical Colleges are being set up
in the districts of Jind and Mahendragarh.
l Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government
Medical College is being established in
Faridabad.
l The Government has also proposed to set up
Medical Colleges in the districts of
Yamunanagar, Kaithal and Sirsa.
l An Oncology Centre will be established in
Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha.
3
l Besides medical colleges, the State
Government is setting up a Dental College in
the existing Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati
Government Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh.
l In addition, six Government Nursing
Institutes are being established in districts of
Faridabad, Rewari, Kaithal, Kurukshetra and
Panchkula.
l 1000 AYUSH Assistants and 22 AYUSH
coaches will be recruited on a contract basis
soon in various ‘Yogshalas’ across the state.
Others Important Points
l A Dam will be built on the Yamuna river
course from Ponta Sahib to Kalesar to store
floodwater.
l Pinjore and Gurugram to be developed as film
shooting hubs.
l Panchkula chosen to be developed as solar and
green city.
l To provide drinking water to the Mewat area,
the Government has decided to construct a
Mewat Feeder Canal of 100 cusecs.
l A new milk plant in Southern Haryana will be
set up, which will cover the NCR region with
a packaging capacity of three lakh litre per day
extendable to five lakh litre per day.
l A new milk chilling plant is proposed at village
Sherla, Tehsil Loharu in Bhiwani. The new
plant will process milk to make and market
sweet meals under the VITA based brand
name.
l A new scheme the Mukhyamantri Antyodya
Parivar Utthan Abhiyan to be started. This
Abhiyan will draw verified data from the
Parivar Pehchan Patra (family ID card) and
identify the poorest 1 lakh families in the state.
4 Know Your State Haryana
Welfare Schemes and Programmes
Member of Parliament Sanjay Bhatia
Mobile Office Launched in Haryana
l Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar
with Sanjay Bhatia, Member of Parliament
(MP) from Karnal inaugurated MP Mobile
Office on 31st December, 2020.
l According to the Chief Minister such type of
office is a good and unique experiment by the
Member of Parliament from Karnal which will
be used for public welfare. Lok Sabha
constituency will also be benefitted through the
facilities available in the mobile office.
l Atal Seva Kendra is also a part of this mobile
office which has been set up in a Tempo
Traveller.
l Member of Parliament will be present in their
mobile office during their tour of the Lok
Sabha constituency. The office is well-equipped
and also has Wi-Fi facility.
Mahila evam Kishori Samman Yojana
and Mukhya Mantri Doodh Uphar Yojana
Launched
l In order to give a major boost to the ‘Beti
Bachao, Beti Padhao’ campaign, the State
Government of Haryana has launched another
two schemes on 5th August, 2020. These are
‘Mahila Evam Kishori Samman Yojana and
Mukhya Mantri Doodh Uphar Yojana.
l Under the first scheme, women between 10
to 45 years of age of about 1124871 BPL
families will be given free sanitary napkins
every month for a year. It will cover the state’s
22.50 lakh women and girls.
l Under the second scheme, the State
Government will provide flavoured skimmed
milk powder to about 9.03 lakh children and
2.95 lakh pregnant and lactating mothers
visiting 25962 Anganwadi centres in
the state.
l The objective of the scheme is to address the
problem of anaemia and malnutrition among
states women and children.
Parivar Pehchan Patras Scheme Started
lOn 4th August, 2020, Manohar Lal Khattar,
the Chief Minister of Haryana launched a
Parivar Pehchan Patras (PPP), an initiative in
the State.
l The aim of the scheme is to monitor each
family (around 54 lakh) living across
Haryana.
l Under PPP, each family will be considered as
a single unit and will be allotted an 8 digit
unique identification number. This will
enable seamless delivery of State Government
services.
l The PPP will hold the data like the head of
the family, name, age, income, contact
number along with the information about
the family’s sector, city, district, village, tehsil,
block and district. Every city and village will
have unique code.
l The Mukhya Mantri Parivar Samridhi Yojana
(MMPSY) along with three pension
schemes-Old Age Samman Allowance
Scheme, Divyang Pension Scheme and
Widow and Destitute Women Pension
Scheme are integrated with the Parivar
Pehchan Patras.
Current Affairs
Haryana Pashu Kisan Credit Card Scheme
Started in Haryana
l Pashu Kisan Credit Card (PKCC) Scheme was
launched on 22nd July, 2020 in Haryana.
With Pashu Kisan Credit Card, farmers can
get loans and buy anything they need but
must repay the money within 1 year to avail
concessional 4% interest rate.
l The loan given under PKCC scheme will
promote animal husbandry as farmers will get
loans for fish farming, poultry farming, sheep,
goat, cow and buffalo rearing.
Samadhan Se Vikas Scheme Launched
l In July, 2020 the Haryana cabinet gave
approval to ‘Samadhan Se Vikas’ scheme to
recover External Development Charges
(EDC).
l The scheme is applicable in respect of full
amount outstanding on account of the EDC
and on interest and penalty interest.
l Many colonisers and builders mostly in
Gurugram and Faridabad failed to pay the
State Government over ` 10000 crore as EDC.
l If the colonisers does not clear all EDC dues
within the prescribed 2 years, the waiver of the
balance, 50% of the accumulated interest and
penal interest will be cancelled and the original
EDC schedule will come into effect.
Top Connection to All Rural Families
Programme Started
l On 13th May, 2020 the State Government of
Haryana have planned to provide tap
5
connection to supply water to all rural families
by December 2022. This programme is under
the ‘Jal Jeevan Mission’ (JJM).
l ` 290 crore will be provided by the Central
Government to Haryana under JMM Scheme
which will be supplemented by the same
amount of state’s matching share.
l The State Government has provided 1.05 lakh
tap connections in the year 2019-2020.
l There are 28.94 lakh houses in Haryana, of
these 1883 lakh already have tap water
connection and 10.11 lakh houses are to be
covered.
Atal Kisan-Majdoor Canteens Started to
Provide Affordable Meals
l On 20th February, 2020 the State
Government of Haryana started Atal Kisan
Majdoor Canteens in the mandis and
sugarmills across the state to provide
affordable, cheap meals to farmers and
labourers at concessional rate of ` 10 per plate.
l These canteens are built by the Haryana State
Agricultural Marketing Board.
l The State Government has also decided to
provide confessional free travel facility up to
150 km to 41 various categories of girl
students in the ordinary buses of Haryana
Roadways.
Mukhyamantri Parivar Samridhi Yojana
Launched
l On 7th February, 2020, Chief Minister
Manohar Lal Khattar and Deputy Chief
Minister Dushyant Chautala jointly launched
Mukhyamantri Parivar Samridhi Yojana
scheme on the mark of successful 100 days of
the present State Government.
l The scheme is about providing financial
assistance of ` 6000 to the families Below
Poverty Line (BPL).
6 Know Your State Haryana
l The amount will be transferred through
DBT (Direct Benefit Transfer) to Bank
accounts.
l Under the definition of Below Poverty Line
the families having annual income up to
` 1.80 lakhs and holding land of less than
5 acres are eligible to become beneficiary
under the scheme.
l The amount will be transferred to the bank
in equal installments.
A Draft Passed on Haryana State
Employment of Local Candidates
Ordinance, 2020
l The Haryana state cabinet, under the
leadership of Manohar Lal Khattar has
passed the draft ‘Haryana State Employment
of Local Candidates Ordinance, 2020’ to
provide 75% reservation for the residents of
Haryana in private sector jobs having salary
of less than ` 50000 per month in
companies fronts, Limited Liability
Partnership (LLP) Firms, etc. situated in
Haryana.
l Employment providers which have more
than 10 employees in its premises would be
covered in this upcoming act.
Health and Education
Haryana Yog Aayog Bill 2021 and Other
Bills Passed by the Haryana Vidhan
Sabha
l Haryana Yog Aayog Bill, 2021 was passed on
15th March, 2021 along with four other bills
by the Haryana Vidhan Sabha during the
budget session.
l The Haryana Yog Aayog Bill, 2021 was
passed to establish Haryana Yog Aayog for
the promotion, management, regulation,
l If private companies will not be able to find
suitable candidates, then they can inform to
labour department and then will be issued
permits to hire from other states.
l The quota was promised by Jannayak Janata
Party (JJP) Chief Dushyant Chautala before
2019 Assembly election.
Government Provides Grants for Crop
Diversification and Ponds Rejuvenation
l Central Government provides financial aid of
` 1500 crore to Haryana for water conservation,
which includes ` 500 crore to expand crop
diversification under the ‘Mera Pani Meri
Virasat’ scheme and ` 1000 crore to rejuvenate
the ponds and treat water.
l The Central Government will also be providing
` 1000 crore under the Jal Jeevan Mission which
aims to ensure access of piped water for every
household in India.
l ‘Mera Pani Meri Virasat’ scheme was launched
for the purpose of crop diversification of maize,
cotton, millet, pulses, horticulture crops in 1
lakh hectares of land.
l Under this scheme, farmers are encouraged to
grow alternative crops other than paddy.
training of Yoga and to develop a system of
Naturopathy system of medicine.
l Other four Bills that were passed include:
1. Haryana Municipal Corporation
(Amendment) Bill, 2021
2. Haryana Municipal (Amendment) Bill, 2021
3. Haryana Appropriation (No.1) Bill, 2021
4. Haryana Enterprises Promotion
(Amendment), Bill 2021
Current Affairs
Haryana Government Started Vaccination
l On 1st March, 2021 the vaccination programme
for COVID-19 was started for general public.
l To ensure substantial reach of the COVID-19
vaccine, the Health Department of Haryana
has decided to hold a massive vaccination
drive on 15th March, 2020.
l As per the State Government’s statement the
Health Department has coordinated with the
Asha workers and Anganwadi workers, other
than officers to the Department of Social
Justice and Empowerment, Urban Local
Bodies (ULB) and Panchayati Raj Institution
(PRIs) for the drive so as to motivate the
beneficiaries above 60 years and those with
comorbidities falling within the age group of
45 years to 60 years.
l Besides Government and private hospitals, the
vaccination is even being administered at
health sub-centres which are located in the
villages across the state.
Haryana Government to Provide Free
Textbooks to SC Students
l The Haryana Government has decided to
provide free books to Scheduled Caste students
studying in state-run colleges on 27th January,
2021.
l The ERP-portal has been designed to cater the
requirements of the colleges for a robust
database.
l The Government will transfer the money to
purchase books directly into eligible students’
bank accounts.
Educational Chatbot Aapka Mitra and
Online Admission Platform for UG Course
Launched
l On 7th September, 2020 Haryana Chief
Minister Manohar Lal Khattar virtually
launched the first of its kind Educational
Chatbot ‘Aapka Mitra’ and Online Admission
Platform for Under Graduate (UG) courses in
7
government aided and self-financed colleges
for the new academic session 2020-21.
l Haryana CM launched the first of its kind
educational whatsapp chatbot ‘Aapka Mitra’ to
resolve admission related queries of the
students.
l Students can send a message on Whatsapp
Chatbot number to get information regarding
admission and scholarship.
l Online Admission platform has been launched
by the National Informatics Centre (NIC) in
collaboration with the Higher Education
Department.
l Using the new platform, the students will be
able to complete the entire admission process
in the convenience of home.
l CM also launched online international
journals prepared by Higher Education
Department to promoter search. The online
system is expected to strengthen the admission
process and makes it transparent.
Distance Education Programme Started in
Haryana
lShri Kanwar Pal, Education Minister of
Haryana in June, 2020 announced that the
Government of Haryana under the Chief
Minister’s Distance Education Programme
signed an agreement with Reliance Jio TV to
benefit around 52 lakh rural students during
the COVID-19 pandemic.
8 Know Your State Haryana
l The four channels of EDUSAT can be
accessed through television, laptop, desktop,
tablets and smartphones for free of cost which
will be available on the Jio platform.
l The contents aired on the television will be
available on Jio TV for a week, so that the
students can access the content to their
convenience and time. This will provide
materials for the students preparing for
competitive exams like JEE (Joint Entrance
Examination) and NEET (National Eligibility
Entrance Test).
l This initiative is estimated to benefit around
52 lakh students of both English and Hindi
medium under Haryana School Board and the
CBSE Board, etc.
Name of the NIFM has been Changed into
AJNIFM
l On 11th February, 2020 the Government of
India rename the National Institute of
Financial Management (NIFM) Faridabad as
“Arun Jaitley National Institute of Financial
Management (AJNIFM).
l NIFM, Faridabad was set up in 1993 as a
registered society under the Department of
Expenditure Ministry of Finance, which train
officers of various finance and accounts service
Award and Honours
Chhoriyan Chhoron Se Kam Nahi Hoti'
Bags Best Haryanvi Film
l Rashmi Somvanshi's Haryanvi
film, Chhoriyan Chhoron Se Kam Nahi
Hoti won the 'Best Haryanvi Film' award at
the 67th National Film Awards held on 22nd
March,2021. It is a drama film that follows
recruited by the UPSC (Union Public Service
Commission) through the Civil Service
examination and also officers of the Indian
cost accounts service.
MoU Signed to Enable Students to Get
Governmental Jobs
lHaryana Employment Department signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with
M3M Foundation. The philanthropic
organisation M3M Group will facilitate
students’s online preparation, training and
monitoring for entrance examinations of
government jobs.
lThe MoU was signed by Seema Kaushik,
Director, Department of Employment,
Government of Haryana and Dr. Payal
Kanodia, Trustee, M3M Foundation.
lThe MoU is in line with the vision of the
Haryana Government to link 1 lakh
candidates to government jobs within and
outside the state in the next 2 years. The MoU
is valid for 18 months.
l Under the MoU, M3M Foundation will
finance the initiative, identify, select and hire
suitable students and undertake a periodic
review of the implementation of the
programme.
the story of a girl's struggle to study and
become an IPS Officer, living in Haryana.
l It starts with Aniruddh Dave, Rashmi
Somvanshi, Satish Kaushik, Sapna Choudhary,
Pramod Dahiya, Prakash Ghai, Anjavi Huda,
Mohan Kant and many others. The
film released on May 17, 2019.
Current Affairs
Haryana Bags SKOCH Award for Best State
in Health
l On 22nd February, 2021 Haryana has been
awarded the SKOCH Award for ‘Best State in
Health’. Besides this, Anil Vij was awarded with
the title of the Best Health Minister in the
country. This award has been given for several
outstanding initiatives taken in the field of
health at the state and district levels.
l Additional Chief Secretary, Health Rajeev
Arora, Director of AYUSH Department,
Prabhjot Singh and Director General of Health
Suraj Bhan Kamboj handed over the SKOCH
Award to the Health Minister.
l SKOCH had conducted a thorough research
and assessment in the health sector across the
country according to which the state of Haryana
has performed outstandingly in the field of
health in the country.
l According to SKOCH, all departments of the
state had worked in cooperation under the
leadership of Anil Vij resulting in rendering
excellent health services to the people of the
state even during the pandemic.
President Awards Haryana Government for
Antyodaya Saral Portal
l President Ram Nath Kovind on 30th December,
2020 conferred the Platinum Award under the
category of ‘Excellence in Digital Governance -
State/UT’, Digital India Awards 2020, for
Antyodaya Saral Portal to the Haryana
Government.
New Initiative and Research
Haryana Launched ‘Tatkal’ Land Deed
Registration Service
l The Haryana Government has launched a
‘Tatkal’ Land Sale Deed Registration Service in
all tehsils across the state on 23rd March, 2021.
9
l Taking the lead in the country in rendering
efficient public service delivery for all
Government to Citizen (G2C) services and
schemes, the Haryana Government’s
Antyodaya Saral Portal has received the
prestigious Award by the Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology
(MEIT).
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Award to Two
CCSHAU Scientists
l Two scientists of Chaudhary Charan Singh
Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU)
awarded with Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Award,
2020.
l This award was given on the eleventh
International conference on Agriculture,
Horticulture and Plant Sciences held in New
Delhi on 2nd January, 2021.
l Dr. Rashmi Tyagi, Co-Professor of Sociology
Department and Dr. Jatesh Kathpalia have
been given this honour on behalf of the
Society of Tropical Agriculture by presenting
their papers within the convention.
l The provision has been made to enable an
applicant to book an appointment for the
deed registration on a ‘tatkal’ (urgent) basis.
l A ‘tatkal fee’ of ` 25000 will have to be paid
by the applicants in the form of an e-challan.
10
Haryana Passed Bill to Recover Damages
from Protesters
l Haryana Legislative Assembly has passed ‘The
Haryana Recovery of Damages to Property
During Disturbance to Public Bill, 2021’, by a
voice vote on 18th March, 2021.
l The Bill will allow authorities to recover
compensation from protesters for any damage
to property.
l The Bill provides for the setting up of a
Claims Tribunal to assess the damages caused,
and to determine who caused it, making that
person liable to compensate for it.
Haryana Government Inaugurated Air
Taxi Services
l Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar
has inaugurated air taxi services from
Chandigarh to Hisar under the UDAN
Scheme of the Central Government on
14th January, 2021.
l The air taxis have four seats, one for the pilot,
and three for the passengers, and the distance
between the two places is covered in 45
minutes with economical fare of ` 1755.
l The air taxi service will be operated by AirTaxi
India which was granted the Scheduled
Commuter Airline Permit by the Indian
aviation regulator Directorate General of Civil
Aviation (DGCA) in December, 2020.
Hum Badalenge Sara Zamana Digital
Platform Launched
l On 5th January, 2021, Haryana Chief
Minister Manohar Lal Khattar inaugurated the
digital platform ‘Hum Badalenge Sara
Zamana.
l It is a good effort to keep the citizens
connected with entertainment and arts
through digital medium.
l According to the Gajendra Phogat, founder of
this digital platform and in charge of Haryana
Know Your State Haryana
Kala Parishad Rohtak region many cultural,
music, discussion, public praise programmes
are being presented through the platform.
l Famous folk singers Prem Dehati, Gulab
Singh, Satte Farmaia, Raja Sangi, Rajesh
Hathi, Ravidat, Azad Singh have exhibited
their art from this state.
Haryana Government Started Radio
Stations in Haryana Jail
l Ambala, Panipat and Faridabad districts of
Haryana started radio stations in Haryana
jails, in January 2021.
l Daily one-four programme will be held and
news, religious songs will be narrated.
l The prisoners will play these radio stations.
These prison radios will be named as TJR i.e.,
Tinka Jail Radio.
l Radio was first introduced in 2013 in Tihar
Jail in Haryana. There are 19 jails in Haryana
including 3 Central and 16 District jails.
l At present, there are a total of 20 thousand
423 prisoners in Haryana jails, including more
than 900 women prisoners.
Haryana Government Launched Mobile
Water Testing Laboratory Van
l Haryana CM Manohar Lal Khattar on
2nd October, 2020 launched Art Mobile
Water Testing Laboratory Van, an innovative
solution of Water Testing of the Public Health
Engineering Department (PHED).
l The Mobile Van will be stationed at state
Water Testing Laboratory, Karnal and its
operation will be throughout the state.
l Under Jal Jeevan Mission, the State
Government is fully committed to provide
functional household tap connection with a
sustainable supply of quality drinking water to
every rural household.
Current Affairs
Haryana Government Launched Gram
Darshan : A Digital Platform
l Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar
on 2nd October, 2020 launched ‘Gram
Darshan’, a platform aimed to enable the
digital accessibility of data of 6197 Gram
Panchayats of Haryana and to ensure that
every village has their own website.
l Gram Darshan is launched to ensure that
villagers should have digital access to the
details of various development schemes and
projects of their village so that they can put
forth their demands to the Government of
Haryana.
l This will ensure the availability of all the
services provided by the Government to its
citizens and ensure efficiency, transparency and
reliability in those services.
l The website of every Gram Panchayat will
display the details of the elected
representatives, including the Sarpanch,
Panches and Gram Sachiv.
l The Gram Panchayats will upload the details
on the financial assets such as fixed deposits
and expenses like salaries. This is a step
towards the complete digitalisation of villages
of the state.
Web Portal, ‘Works Management System’
Launched
l On 4th August, 2020 Haryana’s Urban Local
Bodies and Home Minister Anil Vij launched
the first of its kind ‘Works Management
11
System’ a web-based, paperless and centralised
web portal for the management and
monitoring of the development works in the
Urban Local Bodies (ULB) in Haryana.
l This centralised Web Portal will bring in all
the workings of ULB in Haryana under a
single platform and any kind of delay in the
completion of works will be displayed on the
portal.
l The portal will enable transparency and reduce
corruption in the state.
l This portal will enable the Chief Minister,
Additional Chief Secretary and Director of the
Department to access the progress of the
development works on their dashboard and
mobile phones.
E-Sachivalaya Portal of the State
Launched
l On 21st July, 2020 Haryana Chief Minister
Manohar Lal Khattar launched E-Sachivalaya
Portal (https:\\esachivalaya.edish.gov.in/) a
digital platform to enable people to take
online appointments for virtual meetings with
the Chief Minister, Deputy CM, ministers and
other heads of various departments.
l This portal was launched to provide citizen
centric services in a transparent and seamless
manner to the general public by utilising
Information Technology (IT).
l This portal enables people to book their
appointments digitally through mobile
phones, laptop which eliminates the need of
physical presence.
l After taking the appointment, within 24 hours
they will be given a time slot for the virtual
meeting.
l The online appointments for E-Sachivalaya
can also be taken through Atal Seva Kendras
(rural) and Saral and Antyodaya Kendras
(cities)
12
Sports
Wrestler Sonam Malik, Anshu Malik
Qualify for Tokyo Olympics at Asian
Olympic Qualifiers
l On 10th April, 2021 wrestlers Sonam
Malik-62 kg category from Sonipat district
and Anshu Malik-57 kg category from Jind
district qualified for the Tokyo Olympics by
coming through the crucial Asian Olympic
Qualifiers in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
l Competing in the 57kg category, Anshu beat
Uzbekistan's Shokhida Akhmediva 12-2 to
win by virtue of technical superiority to book
her place in the final of the tournament. But
more importantly, it was enough for a place in
the Olympics that are scheduled for 23 July.
l Sonam booked a place in an Olympics for the
first time. She beat Korea's Um Jiuen (10-0) to
start with and followed it with a win over
Kazakhstan's Tissina Emma (10-0) in the
second round
Vinesh Phogat and Rani Rampal Awarded
with Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
l On the National Sports Day 29th August,
2020, two players Vinesh Phogat (Wrestler)
Miscellaneous
India’s First Centre of Excellence (CoE) for
Skill Development in Power Sector
Launched in Haryana
l On 18th December, 2020 minister of State for
skill Development and Entrepreneurship
(MSDE), RK Singh virtually launched India’s
First Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Skill
Development in Power Sector at the campus of
National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE),
Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
and Rani Rampal (Hockey) of the state won
Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, 2020.
l This year National Sports Awards ceremony is
held virtually due to the COVID-19
pandemic. Apart from Vinesh Phogat and
Rani Rampal, Indian cricketer, Rohit Sharma,
table tennis player Manika Batra and
Paralympian M Thangavelu won Rajiv Gandhi
Khel Ratna Award, 2020.
Khelo India Youth Games, 2021
l The Minister of State of Youth Affairs and
Sports, Kiren Rijiju and Haryana CM
Manohar Lal Khattar announced that Haryana
will host the 4th edition Khelo India Youth
Games (KIYG) in 2021 through wide
conference on 25th July, 2020.
l The Game will be held in Panchkula and will
take place after the 2021Tokya Olympics. Star
Sports will be the official Boardcast partner
like the previous year.
l The talented players identified in priority sports
discipline at various levels by the High Powered
Committee will be provided annual financial
assistance of ` 5 lakh per annum for 8 years.
l The CoE has been established in an area of
4000 square feet which was contributed by
NISE.
l It has an annual capacity of training more than
300 individuals.
l The CoE will serve as a platform to create a
robust cadre to certified trainers and assessors
across the country.
Current Affairs
International Gita Mahotsav 2020
Orgnised in Haryana’s Kurukshetra
l The International Gita Mahotsav 2020
organised in Kurukshetra, Haryana between
17th December to 25th December, 2020.
l Jai Ram Thakur, Himachal Pradesh Chief
Minister, Haryana Tourism and Education
Minister Kanwar Pal, Kurukshetra MP Nayab
Singh Saini among the others inaugurated the
festival. The international festival is held
every year.
Haryana Government Launched Project
Air Care in Gurugram
l On 11th November, 2020 Haryana Chief
Minister Manohar Lal Khattar virtually unveil
‘Project Air Care’ to combat rising pollution in
Gurugram, Haryana.
l 65 Wind Augmentation Purifying Units
(WAYU) would be set up at areas with high
Air Quality Indices (AQI) in Gurugram to
improve the air quality.
l The project is a result of public-private
partnership between Gurugram Metropolitan
Development Authority (GMDA) and GSK
(Glaxosmithkline) Consumer Healthcare. The
Air purifiers have been developed by
CSIR-NEERI (Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research - National Environmental
Engineering Research Institute) IIT, Bombay.
Former Haryana Congress Chief Shamsher
Sing Surjewala Passes Away at 87
l Former Haryana Congress Chief Shamsher
Singh Surjewala passes away on 20th January,
2020 after suffering from a brief illness at the
age of 87.
13
l He won from Narwana, Haryana in 1967,
1977, 1982, 1991 and from Kaithal in 2005
for Haryana Legislative Assembly.
l In 1992, he was elected to the Rajya Sabha as
Member of Parliament.
l He was the father of Congress National
Media-in Charge and National Spokes Person
Randeep Singh Surejwala.
Shakti Rani Sharma became the First
Women Mayor in Haryana
l Shakti Rani Sharma became the first women
‘Mayor’ in Haryana.
l She is the wife of former minister Vinod
Sharma and is from Haryana Jan Chetna Party
(HJCP).
l She became the Mayor of Ambala City
Municipal Corporation. She received a total of
37604 votes and defeated Vandana Sharma
of BJP.
MoU Signed to improve Start Up
Ecosystem startup Haryana
l Department of Information Technology,
Electronics and Communication (DITECH),
Government and Haryana has signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with
India Accelerator (IA) to build a strong start
up ecosystem in Haryana.
l IA will provide support to the startups
through knowledge sharing and free of cost
services to high potential start ups.
l IA will provide young entrepreneurs with
access to its online programmes and equip
them with knowledge, mentorship and
connections.
14 Know Your State Haryana

Amin Village of Kurukshetra District Renamed as Abhimanyupur

lThe Central Government approved renaming the Amin village as Abhimanyupur in Kurukshetra
district.
lThe decision has been taken by the Union Home Ministry after getting permission from a few
central organisation. In order to charge the name of the village as a town or a city an executive
order is needed for renaming a state requires amendment of the Constitution with a simple
majority in the Parliament.
lThe Central Government has approved renaming at least 25 towns, villages or districts across the
country in the last 3 years, including Uttar Pradesh’s Faizabad as Ayodhya and Allahabad as
Prayagraj.

Council of Ministers of Haryana

Minister Departments
Shri Manohar Lal Khattar Finance, Town and Country Planning and Urban Estates, Public Health
(Chief Minister) Engineering, Irrigation and Water resources, Information Technology,
Electronics and Communications , Information, Public Relations &
Languages, Housing, Planning, Administration of Justice, Environment &
Climate Change, Architecture, General Administration, Criminal Investigation
(CID), Personnel & Training, Raj Bhawan Affairs, Any department not
specifically allotted to any Minister
Shri Dushyant Chautala Revenue and Disaster Management, Excise & Taxation , Development and
(Deputy Chief Minister) Panchayats, Industries & Commerce, Public Works (B&R), Food, Civil
Supplies & Consumer Affairs, Labour & Employment, Civil Aviation,
Rehabilitation, Consolidation
Shri Anil Vij Home, Urban Local Bodies, Health, Medical Education & Research, Ayush,
(Minister) Technical Education, Science and Technology
Shri Kanwar Pal Education, Forest, Tourism, Parliamentary Affairs, Hospitality, Art & Culture
(Minister) Affairs
Shri Mool Chand Sharma Transport, Mines & Geology, Skill Development & Industrial Training,
(Minister) Elections
Shri Ranjit Singh Power, New & Renewable Energy, Jails
(Minister)
Current Affairs 15

Minister
Shri Jai Parkash Dalal
(Minister)
Shri Banwari Lal
(Minister)
Shri Om Prakash Yadav
(Minister of State)
Smt. Kamlesh Dhanda
(Minister of State)
Shri Anoop Dhanak
(Minister of State)
Shri Sandeep Singh
(Minister of State)
Departments
Agriculture and Farmer Welfare, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Fisheries,
Law & Legislative
Co-operation, Welfare of SCs & BCs
Social Justice and Empowerment (Independent Charge), Sainik and Ardh
Sainik Welfare (Independent Charge)
Woman & Child Development, Archives (Independent Charge)
Archaeology & Museums (Independent Charge), Labour & Employment
(Attached with Deputy Chief Minister)
Sports & Youth Affairs (Independent Charge), Printing & Stationery
(Independent Charge)

* As on 16th April, 2021

* Source : www.haryanaassembly.gov.in

Top Officials of Haryana

Name Designation
Satyadeo Narayan Arya Governor
Ravi Shankar Jha Chief Justice
Anurag Agarwal Chief Electoral officer
Manoj Yadav DGP (Director General of Police)
Bharat Bhushan Bharti State Chief Information Commissioner
Baldev Raj Mahajan Advocate General
Gian Chand Gupta Speaker (Vidhan Sabha)
* As on 16th April, 2021
 Haryana
BASIC INFORMATION

Geographical Landscape of Haryana

Geographical Location North-West part of India
Latitudinal Extent 27°° ° 39' N to 30°° 55' N
Longitudinal Extent 74°° 27'E to 77°° 36' E
Area 44,212 sq km (1.34% of total geographical area of India)
State Boundaries Himachal Pradesh in the North-East, Rajasthan in the South-West,
Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Uttarakhand in the East and
Punjab, Chandigarh in the North-West
Northernmost District Panchkula
Southernmost District Mewat
Important Rivers Yamuna, Ghaggar, Saraswati, Sahibi, Indori and Markanda

Demography (Census 2011)

Total Population 2,53,51,462
• Male Population 1,34,94,734
• Female Population 1,18,56,728
Urban Population 88,42,103
Percentage of Urban to Total Population 34.88%
Rural Population 1,65,09,359
Percentage of Rural to Total Population 65.12%
Population Density 573 person per sq. km
Sex Ratio 879
Decadal Growth Rate of Population 17.64%
Total Literacy Rate 75.60%
• Male Literacy 84.10%
• Female Literacy 65.90%
Scheduled Caste (SC) Population 20.17%

Administrative Structure of Haryana

Established on 1st November, 1966
Meaning of the State’s Name Abode of God (Hari)
Capital Chandigarh
Division 6
Districts 22
Lok Sabha Constituencies 10
Rajya Sabha Constituencies 5
Vidhan Sabha Constituencies 90+1
High Court Punjab and Haryana High Court (Chandigarh)
2 Know Your State Haryana

Naming of Some Famous Districts of Haryana

District Derived Name From
Fatehabad After the name of son of Firoz Shah Tughlaq, Fateh Khan
Rewari After the name of the daughter of King Rewat named Rewati
Charkhi Dadri After the name of the lake named Dadar
Mahendragarh After the name of the king of Patiala named Raja Mahendra Singh
Gurugram After the name of Guru Dronacharya
Jind After the name of Temple of Jainti Devi
Karnal After the name of Karna, the major character of Hindu Epic Mahabharata
Kurukshetra After the name of King Kuru, ancestor of Kauravas
Yamunanagar Due to having location on the banks of Yamuna river
Sirsa After the name of Shashwat saint, Shirishvana
Kaithal After the name of the birth place of Hanuman ji
Mewat Due to having abundance of Meo caste
Jhajjar After the name of Chhajju farmer
Hisar After the name of four forts
Panchkula Due to having five wells
Ambala After the name of Goddess Bhawani Ambalika
Palwal After the name of Palawasur, a demon
Faridabad After the name of Sheikh Farid
Rohtak After the name of the son of Queen Taravati named Rohitas
Sonipat After the name of Shravan Kumar
Panipat After the name of Panini Rishi

Nicknames of Geographical Areas of Haryana

Geographical Areas Nickname
Kurukshetra City of Parks, Dharmashetra
Rewari Bronze city, Vir Bhumi
Jind Heart of Haryana
Karnal Paris of Haryana
Gurugram Cyber city, City of Entertainment
Yamunanagar Paper city
Palwal and Rohtak Sugar city
Panipat Textile city, The City of Weavers
Panchkula Nano city
Fatehabad Pink city
Hisar Magnet city, Steel city
Jhajjar The City of Martyrs
Panchkula-Chandigarh-Mohali Tri-city
Ambala Science city, Twin city, City of Equipments
Bhiwani Kashi of Haryana, City of Temples, Mini Cuba
Palwal Cotton city
Hathnikund Heaven of Fishermen
Haryana Basic Information 3

First Facts Related to Haryana

Novelist of the First Novel of Haryana (Jhadufiri) Raja Ram Shastri
First State Poet of Haryana Uday Bhanu Hans
First Comic Poet of Haryana Mir Jafar Jatthali
First Newspaper of Haryana Hariyana (published from Jhajjar)
First Research Magazine of Haryana Haryana Research Magazine
First Film Producer of Haryana Devishankar Prabhakar
First Film Director of Haryana Anand Kumar
First Branch of Arya Samaj in Haryana Rewari (1880 AD)
First Branch of Sanatan Dharm (Hindu) in Haryana Jhajjar (1886 AD)
First Governor of Haryana Shri. Dharm Vir
First Chief Minister of Haryana Shri. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
First Lokayukta of Haryana Shri. Pritam Pal Singh
First Chief Justice of Haryana High Court Shri. Ramlal
First Woman Speaker of Haryana Vidhan Sabha Shanno Devi
First Male Speaker of Haryana Vidhan Sabha Rao Virendra Singh
First Woman Forest Officer of Haryana Amrinder Kaur
First Female Mountaineer of Haryana Santosh Yadav
First Captain of Haryana in Indian Cricket Team Nawab Mansoor Ali Khan
Indian Captain who won First Cricket World Cup Kapil Dev
First Cancer Institute of Haryana Badsa (Jhajjar)
First University of Haryana Kurukshetra University
First College of Haryana Pandit Neki Ram Sharma College
The Largest Animal Farm in India and Asia Hisar

Largest, Highest and Biggest of Haryana

Highest Peak of Haryana Karoh Peak (1,514 metre)
Longest River of Haryana Ghaggar (291 km)
District of Haryana with Largest Area Sirsa (4,277 sq. km)
District of Haryana with Maximum Forest Area Panchkula (390.70 sq.km), As per ISFR-2019
District of Haryana with Maximum Road Length Hisar (2,108 km)
Most Populous District of Haryana Faridabad (18,09,733 persons)
Densely Populated District of Haryana Faridabad (2,442 persons)/(per sq.km)
Largest Rice Producing District of Haryana Karnal
Largest Wheat Producing District of Haryana Sirsa
District of Haryana having Maximum Number of Animals Hisar
Most Literate District of Haryana Gurugram (84.70%)
Largest Railway Station of Haryana Ambala Cantt Junction
District of Haryana with Highest Sex-Ratio Mewat (907 : 1000)
4 Know Your State Haryana

Minimum/Smallest of Haryana
District of Haryana with Least Forest Area (As per ISFR-2019) Palwal (13.97 sq. km.)
District with Minimum Area of Haryana Faridabad (743 sq. km)
District with Minimum Population of Haryana Panchkula (5,61,293 persons)
District with Minimum Population Density of Haryana Sirsa (303 persons/sq. km.)
District with Minimum Literacy Rate of Haryana Mewat (54.08%)
District with Minimum Road Length of Haryana Faridabad (522 km.)
District with Least Cities in Haryana Faridabad

Various Organisations of Haryana

Name of Organisation Establishing Year Headquarters
Haryana Finance Corporation 1st April, 1967 Chandigarh
Haryana Khadi and Gramodyog Board 1st February, 1969 Panchkula
Haryana Housing Board 1971 Panchkula
Haryana Ware Housing Corporation 1st November, 1967 Faridabad
Haryana Urdu Academy 22nd December, 1985 Panchkula
Establishment of Horticulture Department of Haryana 1990-91 Panchkula
Haryana Power Generation Corporation Limited 1997 Panchkula
Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Limited 19th August, 1997 Panchkula
Haryana State Commission for Women 20th December, 1999 Panchkula
International Solar Alliance Headquarters 25th January, 2016 Gurugram

Famous Personalities of Haryana and their Pen-Name

Personalities Pen-Name
Harshavardhana Shiladitya, Sahityakar Samrat
Mool Chand Jain Gandhi of Haryana
Kalpana Chawla Queen of Space
Chaudhary Choturam Massiha of Farmers
Mamta Kharab Golden Girl
Raja Suraj Mal Plato of Jats
Chaudhary Bhajan Lal Chanakya of Haryana
Shah Muhammad Hadi-i-Haryana
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi Tiger Pataudi
Manohar Lal Fourth Lal of Haryana
Surendra Sharma Poet of four lines. (Char lines)
Kavita Dalal Lady Khali
Pandit Neki Ram Haryana Kesari
Chaudhary Devi Lal Sher-i-Haryana
Sajjan Singh Rustam-i-Hind
Om Prakash Jindal Steel King of Haryana
Pandit Mangeram Kavi Shiromani
Pandit Jasraj Swar Samrat
Alhad Bikaneri Hasya Ratna of Haryana
Khushiram Michael Jordan of India
Lala Murlidhar Kesar-e-Hind
Chaudhary Bansi Lal Architect of Modern Haryana, Iron-Man of Haryana
Haryana
State Symbols
State Tree : Peepal
A native tree of India ‘Peepal’ (Sacred Fig), has been declared state tree of Haryana.
It is also known as bodhi tree, pippala tree and ashwattha tree. This tree is
considered to have a religious significance in three major religions i.e. Buddhism,
Hinduism and Jainism. All parts of the Peepal tree, including root, bark, leaf and fruit
are useful. Its scientific name is Ficus religiosa.

State Flower : Lotus

The Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) or the Water Lily is an aquatic plant with broad floating
green leaves and bright fragrant flowers that grow only in shallow water. The roots
of lotus are planted in the soil of the pond or river bottom, while the leaves float on
top of the water surface are held well above it. The flowers are usually found on thick
stems rising several centimeters above the leaves. On the basis of colour, it has two
types, i.e. red lotus and white lotus.

State Animal : Blackbuck

Blackbuck, also known as Antelope, is mainly found in India, but with other small
population in Pakistan and Nepal also. The Blackbuck has ringed horns that have a
moderate spiral twist of three to four turns. The white fur on the chin and around the
eyes is in sharp contrast with the black stripes on the face. The upper parts and
outsides of the legs are dark brown to black, the underparts and the insides of the
legs are all white.

State Bird : Black Francolin

Black Francolin, sometimes known as Black Partridge, is a widespread breeding
resident in most of the North and Central India. It is called Kala Teetar in Hindi, this
handsome stub-tailed bird is found near cultivation and scrub, bordering wetlands.
The head of the black francolin is curved with brown iris eyes colour and unique
pattern of brown colour crown and the throat colour is black. The primary colour is
black with black breast rufous belly, white spots on flanks and golden brown spots
at the back of body.

State Sport : Wrestling

Wrestling has been declared as a state sport by the Haryana Government. It is a
kind of dual war, which is fought only by physical force without the help of any
weapon. It is mentioned in the Puranas as ‘Malla Krida’.
CHAPTER 01
Ancient History
of Haryana
l The history of Haryana can be traced from
various sources like mythological sources,
archaeological sources, monetary sources etc.
l The state has many sites belonging to the Indus
Valley Civilisation which flourished well in the
state e.g. Banawali, Daulatpur, Bhagwanpur,
etc. It also remained a place of many dynasties.
l Haryana came into existence as a separate
state on 1st November, 1966 but its history is
very old.
l According to Manusmriti, the state got its
origin by many deities, thus, it was earlier
known as Brahmavrat.
l Haryana is also known as Brahmrishi Pradesh
and Uttarvedi of Brahma.
Historical Sources of
Haryana
Historical sources of Haryana can be divided into
three parts such as literary sources, archaeological
sources and modern sources.
1. Literary Sources
These sources include Vedic literature,
Buddhist and Jain literary sources, Mahabharata
and later Sanskrit literature and Foreign
accounts.
Vedic Literature
lImportant literatures like Vedas, Brahmins,
Upanishads, Aranyakas were composed in
Haryana. Major ancient rivers of Haryana
like Saraswati, Drishadvati, etc. and other
geographical facts are mentioned in vedic
literature. Saraswati and Drishadvati have been
described as holy rivers in vedic literatures.
lIn the Shatapatha Brahmana and Aranyakas,
the language of the ancient citizens of
Haryana has been described as supreme and
the conduct of the people has been described
as exemplary and courteous.
lThe ancient general life of Haryana has been
described in Jemini Brahamana and the
socio-economic life has been described in
Chandogya Upanishad.
Buddhist Literary Sources
lAccording to Buddhist text Papanchasudani,
Mahatma Buddha visited many places in
Haryana.
lInformation about the ancient political life of
Haryana is obtained from the Buddhist
Literature Majjhima Nikaya.
lThe Buddhist text Divyavdan provides
information about the propagation of
Buddhism in Haryana.
Ancient History of Haryana
l In this book two major Buddhist centres of
Haryana namely, Rohtak and Agroha are
described. At that time Agroha was a famous
cultural centre.
l Mahanidana Sutta and Satipathan Sutta of
Buddhist Literature Digha Nikaya and
Magandiya Sutta and Anjasappaya Sutta of
Majjhima Nikaya were widely publicised in
Haryana.
Jain Literary Sources
l The major Jain texts like Parishishtaparvan,
Bhadrabahu Charitra, Kathakosh, etc. provide
information about the social, religious and
cultural life of Haryana from the first century
to the third century.
l According to Jaina Literature, Agroha was a
major centre of Jainism, where the great Jain
Scholar Lohacharya lived in the first century.
Maharaja Agrasen belonged to the city of
Agroha.
l Jain poet Pushpadanta mentioned the state of
Haryana in Mahapurana and Sridhar in
Pasnahachariu.
l Rohtak is mentioned frequently in Jain texts.
Mahabharata and Later Sanskrit
Literature
l Many important sites of Haryana have been
mentioned in the Aranyaka Parva of
Mahabharata.
l Nakula Digvijayam of Mahabharata provides
information about the ancient, political,
economic, geographical conditions of Haryana.
Rohtak has been mentioned in its title.
l Puranas give information about the ancient
history of Haryana in which Vamana Purana is
prominent.
l The Vamana Purana mentions seven major
forests of Haryana which are Kamyaka forests,
Aditi forests, Vyasa forests, Falaki forests, Surya
forests, Madhu forests and Cold forests.
7
l Vamana Purana mentions nine rivers flowing
in Haryana which are Saraswati, Vaitarani,
Aapaga, Mandakini, Madhushrava,
Anshumati, Kaushiki, Darshanti and
Hiranyavati. Thus, the description of the
rivers flowing in Thanesar and Kurukshetra of
Haryana is found in the Vamana Purana.
l Information about Haryana is also found
from the literary texts like Ashtadhyayi of
Panini, Mahabhashya of Patanjali,
Harshacharita composed by the court poet,
Banabhatta of Harsha king and Rajatarangini
of poet Kalhana of Kashmir.
Foreign Accounts
Travelogues of foreign travellers provide detailed
account about Haryana. The prominent among
them are Greek traveller Arian and Chinese
travellers Fa-hien and Hiuen-Tsang.
2. Archaeological Sources
l Sir Alexander Cunningham, also called the
Father of Indian Archaeology visited
Haryana in 1862 AD. Probably he was the
first person to explore this area. Then in
1888-89 AD, Rogers carried on
Cunningham’s work.
l The first archaeological excavation in
Haryana was done by DD Snooper in
1921-22 on a mound near the fort of King
Karna.
l In the year 1933-34, Theh Polar, located in
the Southern region of the Saraswati rivers,
was excavated under the leadership of
HL Srivastava. Many copper coins were
found in this excavation, including the coins
of Kushana ruler Vasudev and the coins of
Yaudheyas.
l Many important archaeological materials were
found from the sites of Amin, Pehowa,
Thanesar of Kurukshetra under the leadership
of Prof. BB Lal.
8 Know Your State Haryana
l Under the direction of the Punjab University,
Sugh (1964-65), Mitathal (1968) and Siswal
(1970) were excavated. Similarly, under the
direction of Kurukshetra Univesity,
archaeological excavations took place in
Daulatpur (1968-70 and 1976-78), Raja
Karna Fort (1970-71 and 1975-76), Mirzapur
(1972-73 and 1975-76) and Balu (Jind)
(1978-80).
l Excavations were also done under the
direction of Maharishi Dayanand University
at Haat in Jind and Khokhrakot in Rohtak.
l In the year 1974-75, the Haryana
Archaeological Survey Department excavated
Banawali, Agroha and Kunal sites. Similarly,
archaeological excavations at Bhagwanpur and
Kashital were done in the year 1975-76 in
which sources like coins, ornaments, pottery,
etc. were found.
l Archaeological sources can be divided into
five parts to facilitate their study. These are as
follows:
Records/Inscriptions
lA total of 37 record inscriptions of all the
categories have been found in Haryana, of
which the oldest record is the Topra
inscription.
lTopra inscription belong to Mauryan ruler,
Asoka. Seven inscriptions have been recorded
on the Topra pillar which is located presently
at Yamunanagar. The script of these
inscriptions is Brahmi and the language is
Sanskrit.
lThree inscriptions of Chauhan ruler
Vigraharaja-IVth (11th century) are also
recorded on the Topra pillar which give
information about the victory of Vigraharaja
over Mlechchhas.
lTopra inscription was transferred by Firuz
Shah Tughlaq to Delhi.
l An inscription written in Kharosthi script has
been found in Karnal which is related to the
construction of pond.
l An incomplete inscription has been found in
Kapal Mochan area of Haryana.
l Raja Devanka wrote about the glory of
Kurukshetra in an inscription of Laos country.
It belongs to 5th century.
l Two inscriptions of the third-fourth century
have been found from Tosham. These
inscriptions are related to the pond built by
Vishnu devotee, Acharya Sobhatrata.
l An inscription has been found from Sirsa
which mention about the Pashupati
community of this place.
l An inscription has been found in Agroha which
mentions about all the seven notes of music.
l A commemorative inscription found from
Hansi is associated with Prithviraj-II.
According to an inscription which has been
found in Ladnu (Rajasthan), Delhi was the
capital of Haryana.
l Eight inscriptions have been found from a
pillar which is located in Gujari Mahal in
Hisar. It mentions about Gods which came
from eight different places.
l A rock inscription of Pratihara king, Mahendra
Pala, has been found at Pehowa which
mentions about construction of temples.
l Bhojdeva’s inscription is also found from
Pehowa, which belongs to the 9th century.
According to this inscription, Pehowa was
famous for horse trading at that period.
l A religious inscription written in Barakhadi has
been found from Sugh place of Jagadhri.
l Some of the 10th century inscriptions are
found from Mohanbadi (Rohtak) and
Guravada (Rewari) which are related to the
construction of Vaishnava temples.
Ancient History of Haryana
Coins
lCoins have an important place in the study of
the ancient history of Haryana as an
archaeological source. In fact the history of
Haryana from 200 AD to 300 AD is
dependent on the basis of coins.
lAahat coins have been found from places like
Sugh, Agroha, Naurangabad. These coins
dated back to the second century BC. Aahat
coins were made by stamping a special symbol
on a piece of metal.
lCoins of Indo-Greek rulers of 3rd century
have been found from Khokhrakot of Rohtak.
lGold and Copper coins obtained from the
Mitathal of Bhiwani belong to Kushana rulers.
lCoin minting dyes which belong to the period
of Kushana rulers, Huvishka and Kanishka
have been found from Aurangabad and
Khokhrakot. Yaudheyas mint is located in
Rohtak.
lCoins of Agar people have been found from
Agroha, Barwala and Aurangabad and coins of
Kuninda rulers have been found from Karnal,
Jagadhri, Sugh and Budiya.
lCoins of Gupta ruler Samudragupta have been
found from Mitathal of Bhiwani and an Indo-
Sasanian silver coin is found from Kapal
Mochan.
lCopper currency of Harsha period has been
found from Sonipat, which gives information
about ancestry Pushyabhuti king
Harshavardhana.
lThe coins of rulers of Pratihara, Tomar,
Chauhan, etc. of the early medieval period
have been found from Khokhrakot, Sugh and
Budiya.
Stamps
l Stamps also helps in studying the history of
Haryana. In Haryana, many stamps have been
found from Sugh, Daulatpur, Fort of King
9
Kama, Agroha, Naurangabad, Ached
Paharipur, Rakhigarhi, Karnal, Khokhrakot
etc. These stamps were used to mint coins.
Most of these are preserved in the museum of
Jhajjar district.
l On the stamp of Yaudheyan period found in
Agroha, an inscription is minted which reveals
the administrative system of Yaudheyan
period.
Monuments
lIn Thanesar of Kurukshetra, the fort of King
Karna and the remains of fort of Emperor
Harshavardhana are located.
lThe fort of ancient Hansi has now been
converted into ruins. Some of the 8th and
12th century ruins are found at ancient
temples at Rohtak, Pinjore, Kalayat etc.
Mauryan period stupa is found at Chaneti in
Jagadhri tehsil and Ashoka ki Laat is found in
Topra, Hisar and Fatehabad.
Statues/Sculptures
l Most of the sculptures found from Haryana
are related to Vaishnavism, Buddhism, and
Jainism. Some religious sculptures are also
made of terracotta.
l The sculptures found in Haryana are dated
from 2nd century BC to the 10th-11th
century.
l In Haryana, the main centre of the sculptures
of Shunga period was Sugh and the main
centre of sculptures of Kushana period was the
area around Rohtak.
l The medieval sculptures obtained from
Haryana mostly belong to Pratihara and
Tomar period.
3. Modern Sources
l Modern sources are basically concerned with
literary texts. These sources include books
written in modern times.
10
l In the context of modern sources, ‘The
History of Gurugram (Gurgaon), Rohtak and
Hisar Districts’, ‘Tarikhe Jhajjar’ and ‘Aabhir
Kuldipika (History of Rewari region)’ written
down in Urdu language through the then
Punjab Government are very important.
l Shri Ram Sharma Acharya has written a book
called History of Haryana which gives a lot of
information about the history of Haryana.
Ancient History of Haryana
l The state of Haryana existed in ancient times
and was also home to humans.
l Guy Ellcock pilgrim found a skull from Pinjore
which proved that about 15 million years ago,
there were primitive humans beings in Haryana.
l The ancient history of Haryana has been
divided into pre-historic period,
proto-historic period and historical period.
Pre-Historic Period
The period which has no written evidences is
known as ‘pre-historic period’. The relics of the
pre-historic period give information about
Haryana state. This period is divided into three
different periods i.e. Palaeolithic Age,
Mesolithic Age and Neolithic Age. These are
discussed below:
1. Palaeolithic Age
l Dilip Chakraborty, SR Phogat, Nayanjot
Lahiri, MK Kumar, GC Mahapatra, etc.
archaeologists have found stone tools from
various sties in Haryana which were made
from palaeolithic milky brown quartzite.
l Palaeolithic tools have been procured from the
Dhamli, Kotla, Suketdi, Pinjore, Papalina,
Jhirka, etc areas of Haryana state. These stone
tools are round, small and flat in shape. They
may had been used for hunting in early times.
l Palaeolithic tools obtained from Haryana are
mainly of two types i.e. core and flake.
Know Your State Haryana
Palaeolithic period has been further divided
into three period which are as follows:
(i) Lower Palaeolithic Period
(5,00,000 to 1,25,000 years ago)
l In this period, humans used the part inside
the stone i.e. core to make stone tools. The
main tools of this period were crood, axe,
scraper, etc.
l Evidences of this period in Haryana are found
from the hills of Shivalik near Pinjore-Kalka
and the Northern ranges of the Aravali range
in Gurugram and Faridabad.
l The tools of this period have been found
from 10 arachaelogical sites in Pinjore-Kalka
region. These sites are Damla, Suketdi,
Chandi Mandir, Mansa Devi, Dera Kharuni,
Mehranwala, Khandi-Khanda, Chandi Kotla,
Nayagaon and Pinjore (near HMT factory).
(ii) Middle Palaeolithic Period
(1,25,000 to 40,000 years ago)
l In this period human used small stone tools
like scrapers and borers, etc.
l In this period humans started living in caves,
river valleys, etc. Evidence of tools of this
period is found in the Kalka region of
Panchkula.
(iii) Upper Palaeolithic Period
(40,000 to 10,000 years ago)
l The tools of this period were much smaller
and lighter than the middle palaeolithic
period. Almost all the tools of this period were
made by blade and were quite sharp.
l Pestle, mortar, sharp-edged scythe, etc tools
have been found from places like Siswal of
Hisar, Rakhigarhi of Hansi, Mitathal of
Bhiwani and Banawali of Fatehabad.
2. Mesolithic Age
l In this period, the size of tools was reduced
which is called ‘microlith’.
Ancient History of Haryana
l The main tools in this period were scraper,
borer, chisel, etc.
l Under the supervision of Dr Dilip
Chakraborty and Mayanjot Lahiri, many
mesolithic stone tools have been discovered
from different sites of Haryana such as Ankar
hills of Gurugram-Faridabad, Mewla hills,
Noda, Koh, Mohtabad hills, Paliyangaon hills,
Sirohi, Gothda, Dhauj, Nimaur, Tethur, Khori
Jamalpur, Nimriwali hills, Chhatarpur,
Harchandpur, Sikandarpur, Bandhwa Ghati,
Nangri Ki Thani, Dhulawat, Bhutla and
Manesar.
3. Neolithic Age
l Human started the practice of agriculture in
this period. Evidence of agriculture have been
found from Siswal. Besides this, other
evidences of this period which have been
found are beads, earthen bangles, red clay pot
made on wheel, grey coloured pottery and so
on.
l Neolithic evidences have been found at several
places in the Pinjore-Kalka region in the lower
ranges of Shivalik.
Proto-historic Period
It was the age before the historical period, when
the script and letters were known to the people
but they could not read it. It includes Siswal
Culture, Hakra Culture and Indus Valley
Civilisation.
Siswal Culture
l The first excavation in Haryana was done at
the place Siswal of Hisar district, due to
which it has been named as ‘Siswal Culture’.
l Archaeologists believe that around 2500 BC,
some farmers from Rajasthan settled in
Drishadvati river valley and started doing
agricultural work there, due to which Siswal
culture emerged in Haryana.
11
l This culture basically represent the
development of farming community, thus, it is
also known as Farming Culture.
l There are a total of 29 places under this
culture in Haryana, which are divided into
three levels i.e. pre-Siswal settlements, middle
Siswal settlements and later Siswal settlements.
l There are around 13 pre-Siswal settlements in
Haryana, of which 9 are located in valley of
Drishadvati, 2 in Saraswati river valley and 2
in Yamuna river valley.
l There are around 20 middle Siswal settlements,
of which 12 are located in Drishadvati river
valley, 5 in Yamuna river valley, 2 in Ghaggar
river valley and 1 in Saraswati valley.
l There are around 28 (maximum) later Siswal
settlements, of which 11 are located in Sahabi
river valley, 10 in Drishadvati river valley, 6 in
Yamuna river valley and 1 in Saraswati valley
in Haryana.
l The Siswal people first settled in the valley of
the Drishadvati river. Siswal settlements have
also been discovered in Mahendragarh in
Haryana state.
Important Sites of Siswal Culture
Siswal
l It is a village situated on the banks of Chautang
river in the West direction of Hisar district.
l In the year 1968, some remains of this site
were found as a result of the superficial
investigation done by archaeologists. Under
the direction of Punjab University in the year
1970, Dr Surajbhan conducted archaeological
excavations on this site.
l The items found from the mound of Siswal
are hand-made pottery, painted bangles of clay,
beads, copper handle sickle, stone tools, etc.
l The vessels/pottery found from Siswal has
white and black paint on them. Some pottery
is also grey in colour.
12
Mitathal
lIt is located in Bhiwani district of
Haryana. Gupta period coins were found from
Mitathal in the year 1915-16.
lThe excavation of this site started under the
supervision of Surajbhan of Punjab University in
the year 1968. Mitathal’s mound is divided into
two parts, which are around 4-5 m in height.
lHouses of sun-dried raw bricks have been
found from Mitathal. The roof of these houses
was thatch. The size of the raw bricks found
from Mitathal is 30 × 20 × 10 cm.
Faience bangles Beads
Wheels made by Items made by
terracotta terracotta and stone
▲ ITEMS FOUND FROM MITATHAL
lPots have been discovered from this site which
were made on potter’s wheel and fire-baked.
Apart from this, clay bangles, green bangles of
fiancé, stone balls, stone puddle, copper
bangles and elephant tooth pins have been
found. Some dishes of grey colour have also
been found from this site.
Banawali
lIt is a small village in Fatehabad district of
Haryana.
lThe antiquity of Banawali was first discovered
in the year 1965 and excavation started in
Banwali in the year 1974 under the direction of
the Department of Archaeology, Government
of Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
l The houses of this site were made of mud
bricks, although some baked brick of 1: 2: 3
ratio have also been found. The Siswalites of
this place used copper and bronze. Gold was
also prevalent here.
l Other items found from Banawali are round
shaped stove and a furnace, pottery, rare stone
jewellery, kitchen utensils, clevis, children’s
toys (umbrella car) etc.
Rakhigarhi
l Rakhigarhi or Rakhi Shahpur is a famous
village in Hansi tehsil of Hisar district.
l Archaeologists first noticed the antiquity of
Rakhigarhi in the year 1964. Excavations in
this area provide information about the
Toy made by
culture of the Siswal people.
terracotta
l Important objects found from this area
through archaeological excavations are
pottery, painted bangles and many types of
Items made by precious stones. Some of the pottery found
terracotta
here is grey in colour.
Balu
l It is a village in Jind district of Haryana. The
site was excavated by Kurukshetra University
in the year 1978-79.
l The items found from here are the remains of
raw brick houses, pottery made of red and
grey colours on wheel, clay beads, bangles,
balls and rare stone beads, etc.
l Apart from this, clay figurines, bangles, toys,
carts, balls, bone needles, grinding stones,
faience bangles, copper tools etc have also been
found.
Farmana
l It is a small village in Rohtak district of
Haryana.
Ancient History of Haryana
lThis site was excavated during the year
2007-09 and this place is associated with the
first phase of Siswal Culture.
lSome pits of 2-3 meters have been found from
here and clay stoves (chulas) have also been
made in these pits i.e. these pits were used as
kitchens.
lFrom this site, pottery made of red colour and
painted with black colour has been found.
Kunal
lIt is located in Ratia tehsil of Fatehabad
district of Haryana. This place is situated on
the right bank of the river Saraswati. Many
pits and pottery of Siswal culture have been
found from Kunal.
lRoyal crowns have also been obtained from
this place. Gold and silver jewellery has also
been found.
Giravad
lIt is located in Rohtak district of Haryana.
The excavation of Giravad started in the year
2007 and 13 pits, 2 kilns and few pottery have
been found during the excavation.
Bhirdana
lThe site is also located in Fatehabad district of
Haryana, where the high mound of Siswal
Culture was excavated during 2003-05.
lFrom here, pits which are similar to the form
of Farmana and Giravad and pottery of red
and grey colour have been found.
Important Features of Siswal Culture
lThis culture was agrarian and was much more
advanced than the later cultures.
lAnimal husbandry was duly started at this
time. Cows, bulls, goats, dogs, pigs, etc were
the main domestic animals.
lDue to animal husbandry, the practice of
dairying also started during this culture and
people here became proficient in the art of
making skins, wool and cotton cloth etc.
13
l Groups, families and many other social
institutions became quite prevalent during this
period.
l Probably marriage and practice of religion and
idol worship started during this period.
l When people of this culture were moving
towards Urban Civilisation, they were
connected to Indus Civilisation and around
2300 BCE, Urban Civilisation also expanded
in this culture.
Important Places related to Siswal Culture
Hisar Siswal, Salimgarh, Shahpur, Patan, Satrod
Khurd, Alipur, Kharar, Sisai, Data, Pali,
Rakhigarhi, Sendhwa
Sirsa/ Bani, Talwada, Rat Tibba, Chimu, Rania
Fatehabad
Bhiwani Dadri, Manhedu, Chang, Tigdana
Rewari Badli, Lohar, Badsha
Gurugram Alduka, Sultanpur, Mukkola, Gokalpur,
Mundehra, Papra, Mamlika
Kaithal Moh, Cheha, Ritauli, Kalayat,
Jatheri, Pundri
Jind Narwana, Barsana, Khokhri
Karnal Kunjpura, Nisang, Dhachar, Bahola
Hakra Culture in Haryana
lThe period of Hakra culture in Haryana is
considered before the period of Harappan
Civilisation.
lThis basically represents the development of
farming community, thus this is also known as
Early Farming Culture.
lThe evidences of this culture have been
found in the drainage area of the Hakra
(Ghaggar) river thus, it is also known as Hakra
Culture.
lKunal is the first excavated site from where
the evidences of Hakra Culture have been
found.
14
Indus Valley Civilisation/ Harappan
Civilisation
l Indus Valley Civilisation is included in the
proto-historic era as its pictographic script has
not been deciphered till the date.
l 5000 years old Indus Valley Civilisation is
presently found in the Hisar district of Haryana.
l Although various scholars have described the
period of the Indus Valley Civilisation but the
accepted date is from 2400 to 1700 BC.
l This civilisation is also called Bronze
Civilisation. Archaeologists have been divided
the Indus Valley Civilisation into three phases
in Haryana i.e. early, mature and late phases,
in which 241 settlements of the initial phase,
145 settlements of the second phase and 842
settlements of the third phase have been found.
l The remains of the people of the Indus Valley
Civilisation coming first in Haryana have been
discovered from two places such as the
Saraswati river valley and Drishadvati river
valley.
Important Centres of Indus Valley
Civilisation
Banawali
l It is the important place of Indus Valley
Civilisation which is located in the ancient
river valley of Saraswati in Fatehabad district,
Haryana.
l Information about the settlement pattern of
the people of Siswal has been discovered from
the excavation of Banawali.
l It was discovered by RS Bisht in 1973-74. The
excavation of this place started in the year
1974.
l This city was planned on the basis of pattern
of the chess board. The Western part of this
city was very important and people of higher
status were lived there.
Know Your State Haryana
l The Eastern part was simple and the common
people lived here. Evidence of a road is also
found in the city.
l A striking animal posture has been found in
this place which has the body of lion and
horns of bulls. Besides, other evidences of this
period have been found in this place like a clay
toy (plough), signs of wheels of bullockcart,
evidences of barley and grains, first mother
goddess terracotta figurine of independent
India and evidences of fire altars.
l Gold and silver pieces have been found here,
from which it is known that there was
knowledge about metals.
l Stamps have also been found here on which
there are pictures of wild goats, horses and
many other animals.
l Bones of many animals have also found in
many houses which means that people of this
period used to eat meat.
l The evidence of some bricks has also been
discovered, on the basis of which it can be
said that the bricks were made in the ratio
of 1:2:3.
l Evidences of beads, bangles, jewellery,
weighing tools, built from rare stones, have
also been found here.
l In Banawali, there was lack of drainage system,
which is the major characteristic of the Indus
Valley Civilisation.
Items made by
terracotta
Wheel made by Household
terracotta items made by
terracotta
Items made by Mother Goddess
Items made by
rock
terracotta
▲ ITEMS FOUND FROM BANAWALI
Ancient History of Haryana
Rakhigarhi
lThis archaeological site is located on the right
bank of Rigvedic Drishadvati river in
Narnaund Block in Hisar district.
lIt is the largest Indus Valley Civilisation site
followed by Mohenjodaro. It is spread around
an area of 350 hectares. It is also the oldest
harappan site in Haryana.
lThis site has been found in 1969. It was excavated
by Dr Amrendra Nath from 1997 to 2000.
lMany pre-Harappan and mature Harappan
evidences have been found from this site. It
had also remained an important centre of Siswal
Culture.
lOther evidences have also been found from
this place like houses, pottery and ornaments
made from some precious stones.
lFrom here, a pot of bronze has been
discovered, which has been decorated with
gold and silver.
lSome women’s skeletons have also been found,
who have wore shell-made bangles. Gold
armor and precious stones have been found
near their skeletons.
lEstimated evidence of Early Harappan (3200
to 2700 BC) and Mature Harappan
Civilisation (2700 to 1800 BC) has been
found from the excavation of this site.
lAs other Harappan cities, Rakhigarhi city was
divided into two parts and there are signs of
making Parkota around the city for security
perspective.
Mitathal
lThis village is located in Bhiwani district. It
was excavated under the direction of
Dr Surajbhan by Kurukshetra University.
lIt is a significant site of Indus Civilisation.
The sources of three cultures i.e. Early
Harappan Culture, Mature Harappan Culture
and Late Harappan Culture have been found
from this site.
15
l Coins of Gupta and Kushana periods have also
been found from this place in the year 1915-16.
l From here pottery, ornaments of
women-men, children’s toys, tools of clay and
copper, weighing stones, etc have been found.
l Rare stones, steatite, clay beads, fiancé etc have
been found here. Tusk pins, copper, bangles
made from fiancé, spears (Harpoon) built in
copper, etc have also been found here.
Madina
l This village is located in the Central Block of
Rohtak district. It was excavated in 2007-08
under the supervision of Dr Manmohan
Kumar.
l Residence of late Harappan and people of
Painted Grey Ware (PGW) Culture have also
found here.
Bhagwanpura
l This village is located on the south banks of
Saraswati river in Kurukshetra district.
l This site was excavated by archaeologist
GP Joshi. The main relics found here are glass
and copper bangles of white, black and blue
colour.
Farmana Khas (Daksha-Khera)
l It is located in Rohtak district. It is the second
largest archacological site of Harappan
Civilisation in Haryana.
l During excavation at this site, four Harappan
seals made of talc and remains of cemetry have
been found. Cotton and woollen clothes have
also been found here.
Daulatpur
l It is situated on the banks of Drishadvati river
near Thanesar. Many remnants belonging to
the Indus Valley Civilisation have been found
in this village.
l The site was excavated by the Department of
Antiquities of Kurukshetra University in the
years 1968-69, 1969-70, 1976-77 and 1977-78.
16
lThe relics obtained from Daulatpur belong to
the third phase of the Indus Valley
Civilisation, i.e. the Late Harappan period.
lDaulatpur was also based on a chess board
pattern and pottery, beads, bangles, toys etc
have been found from this site.
Kunal
lThis place is located in the North-East direction
of the village Fatehabad. It is situated on the
left bank of the Rigvedic Saraswati river.
lExcavation of this site was done in the year
2003-04 under LS Rao’s supervision, which
was completed in the year 2005-06.
lDuring excavation from this site, remains of
Hakra Culture, early Harappan Culture and
Harappan Civilisation have been found.
▲ REMAINS FOUND FROM KUNAL
Giravad
lIt is situated in the Maham tehsil of Rohtak
district. This site was discovered in the year
2006 by Vivek Dangi, a researcher of the
Department of History at Maharishi
Dayanand University.
lIt was excavated in the year 2007 under the
joint supervision of Dr Vasant Shinde (Deccan
College, Pune), Prof Manmohan Kumar
(MDU, Rohtak) and Prof Toshiki Osada
(Kyoto, Japan).
lRemnants of Hakra culture only have been
found in excavations at this site. 13 trough
residence and two pottery cooking kilns have
also been found here.
Know Your State Haryana
Balu
l This place is located in Kaithal district, which
was discovered in the year 1977 by
Dr Surajbhan and Dr Jim J Shaffer (America).
l The excavation of this site started in
1979 under the supervision of Udayveer Singh
and Dr Surajbhan.
l Remnants of Early Harappan Culture, Mature
Harappan Civilisation and Late Harappan
Culture were obtained from this site.
Siswal
l It is a village on the Chautang Canal, 26 km
West of Hisar. This site is covered under
Adampur tehsil. The signs of more ancient
culture than old Theh (300 x 200 m) have
been discovered here.
l Earthen utensils have been found in large
quantities from here, most of which are
handmade. It seems that Siswal people did not
know about potter’s wheel.
l These utensils resemble material obtained
from the place of Kalibanga (Rajasthan).
These also include some painted bangles made
of mud, and beads.
l Siswali people probably used copper as well,
because a copper-handled gilded object has
also been found. It was believed that copper
was in use due to the proximity of copper
mines in Khetri (Rajasthan).
l Excavation work of this site was done by
Surajbhan under the aegis of Punjab University.
Important Features of Indus Valley
Civilisation
l It was the first Urban Civilisation. This period
represents both merchant and peasantry
groups. Barley was the main crop here, as well
as wheat, rice etc were also cultivated.
l The script of this Civilisation is pictograph,
which has not been deciphered till date.
l Many types of religious beliefs had started in
this civilisation. Peepal trees and many other
types of animals were also worshipped.
Ancient History of Haryana 17

Important Sites of Indus Valley Civilisation in Haryana

Districts Tehsil Sites
Kurukshetra Thanesar Chimarhedi, Fort of Ring Karna, Bakana, Malari, Boli, Devidaspur, Gadi
Rodan, Garhi Sardaran, Gulabgarh, Kalwa, Kanauli, Pipli, Thanesar, Palwal
Ambala Ambala Ratankhedi, Mohanpur, Mulana, Samalkhedi, Bodha
Ambala Narayangarh Badoli, Tandwal, Andheri
Yamunanagar Jagadhari Koharkhana, Santh, Bhadehari, Chaubala
Fatehabad Fatehabad Banawali, Burj
Fatehabad Tohana Ghaswa
Hisar Hisar Sindhuwa, Talu, Alipur, Kharar, Chunar
Hisar Hansi Rakhi Shahpur
Jind Narwana Kalayat
Jind Jind Khokhdi, Jiwan Kheda, Malar Kheda, Beri Kheda
Karnal Karnal Nisang, Maudi, Sambhi, Bahol, Pujam
Panipat Panipat Udhlana Kalan
Sonipat Gohana Chhapra, Garhwal, Madina Nuravkheda, Rithala
Bhiwani Bhiwani Gagrina, Kachhwa, Nidana, Shamgarh, Jhanjhari Ramba, Kheri Mansingh,
Tigdana, Mitathal, Chang
Charkhi-Dadri Dadri Mishri, Jhijhad
Rohtak Rohtak Mana, Silana, Sisana, Kansala, Kasraunti
Gurugram Gurugram Kherki Majra
Gurugram Ferozpur- Basai Kheda, Papad, Bhadas, Kheda Mundeta
Jhirka
Kaithal Guhla Chika, Kasor, Ratakheda, Budanpur, Khambaheda, Rakhi, Malikpur, Banehad
Kaithal Kaithal Barsana, Kheri Raiwali, Rithauli, Aarot, Mund, Miyoli, Jatheri, Pundri, Uplana,
Sawatkheri, Jogani Kheda, Dudha Kheda, Dhurala, Daulatpur

Historical Period
The period when all the recorded history of that period can be read, is known as ‘historical period’.
The relics of this period give information about Haryana state. It includes the following periods :
Vedic Period
lAfter the Indus Valley Civilisation, the new civilisation developed in India is known as Vedic
Civilisation. Information about this period is mainly received from the Vedas, in which the
Rigveda is the oldest Veda.
lThe word Haryana was used in the book Rigveda in the form of Raj Haryane. In Rigveda,
Haryana is also described as ‘Harna’.
lIn the Vedic period, Haryana was a major part of the Aryavart. This part was irrigated by the water
of Saraswati and Drishadvati rivers.
lThe name of Haryana is Hariyali in Skanda Purana. Rohtak is mentioned in Nakul Digvijay.
lBhagavad Gita is the ancient epic of Haryana. The ancient name of Panipat district is Panprastha.
Kurukshetra is mentioned as Harishetra in Skanda Purana.
18
Settlements of Aryan People
l On the basis of Vedic evidence of the Aryans, it
can be said that Aryans were astonished by
seeing the fertile land of Haryana. Hence, they
developed Haryana as their first habitat place.
This is the reason that the famous historian
Dr HR Gupta and other historians consider the
origin of the word of Haryana after the arrival
of Aryans.
l Aryans established their settlements in Haryana,
as well as many states were established and Vedic
culture flourished.
l Archaeologist BB Lal related Aryans with the
Painted Grey Ware Culture. There are
approximately 300 sites of Painted Grey Ware
Culture in Haryana, among which the famous ones
are Daulatpur, Sugh and Fort of King Karna.
l Most scholars have the opinion that the first
center of Aryan Civilisation was Haryana in India.
Aryan people called Haryana as Devbhoomi.
According to the Vedic period, Haryana is the
history of the land of Bharat Dynasty.
Struggle of Aryan and non-Aryan People
l The first major conflict of Aryans was with Pani,
which was a local tribal group. The area of Pani
tribal group was called Paniprastha, which is the
current Panipat.
l This tribal group considered themselves as high
and did not consider the Principle of Krinvanto
Vishwamaryam of Aryans.
Rigvedic Period
lDuring the Rigvedic period (1500-1000 BC), is
believed that the first king of Aryans was Mainu
Vaivasvata among the four sons of Manu
(Ikshvaku, Parashu, Sudhuman and Sharyati)
Sudhuman and Sharyati were related to Haryana.
lThe area between the Saraswati and Sutlej rivers
was under the control of Sudhuman (including
present Ambala and Kurukshetra).
lThe area which was situated from the border of
Rajasthan to the Mewat region was under the
control of Sharyati. Their capital was around
Narnaul.
Know Your State Haryana
l Sharyati performed Ashwamedha Yajna
which was conducted by Bhargawa Rishi
Chawyan. He belonged to Dausi place near
Narnaul.
l After the death of Sharyati, the successor of
the Sudhuman, Pururva took the authority
over Sutlej to the Sahibi rivers, because there
was no descendant of Sharyati.
l After Pururva, his son Ayu became the king.
After Ayu, his son Nahush became the king
and after Nahush, Yayati became the king
who was quite famous.
l There were five sons of king Yayati - Yadu,
Turvas, Druha, Anu and Puru. Yayati
was dissatisfied with his elder son due to
which he handed over the ancestral
state of Haryana to Puru, who was very
brave.
l After the name of Puru, the dynasty had
been named as Paurav dynasty.
l Another ruler of this dynasty was Bharata
who was very brave and expanded the
kingdom to Ganga. India got its name
‘Bharat’ after the ruler Bharata and the
Paurav dynasty came to be known as
Bharata dyansty.
Later Vedic Period
lDuring Later Vedic period (1000-600 BC),
Haryana was ruled by Kuru dynasty.
lAccording to the scholars, Kurushravana
described in Rigveda is Kuru who is
regarded as the descendant of Trasadasyu.
lAfter defeating the Panchals, King Kuru
captured the Saraswati region also known as
Kurujangala. Presently, Kurujangala is
known as Kurukshetra.
lThe name of Kurukshetra had been named
after the King Kuru. The successor of the
Kuru was Prikshit and Parikshit’s successor
was his second son Juhu and Juhu’s successor
was Surath.
Ancient History of Haryana
l Shantanu was a majestic king of Kuru dynasty
whose two queens were Ganga and Satyavati.
He had three sons, Devrath from Ganga and
two sons named as Chitrang and Vichitravirya
from Satyavati.
l Gandhar attacked Kuru dynasty during the
reign of Shantanu. The war of Kurukshetra was
between the Gandhar and Kauravas, which has
been called the first war of Kurukshetra.
Mahabharata War
l The war of Mahabharata (Kurukshetra war)
(900 BCE) was fought between Kauravas and
Pandavas in Kurukshetra of Haryana for the
throne of Hastinapur. Kauravas as and
Pandavas as were both descendants of the Kuru
lineage. In this war, Pandavas got victory.
l In this glory, Arjun was given an important
preaching on the land of Kurukshetra by Lord
Krishna, which is known as the teachings of Gita.
l This war is also called Dharam Yudh. This war
continued in Kurukshetra (Dharam Shetra) for
a total of 18 days.
l The battleground of Mahabharat is believed to
be of 48 koos (around 240 km of the perimeter).
l This war had 18 Akshohini armies, in which
there were 11 Akshohini armies of Kauravas
and 7 Akshohini armies of Pandavas.
l Krishna gave the sermon of Bhagavada Gita to
Arjun at the Jyotisar shrine of Kurukshetra.
▲ PICTURE REPRESENTING MAHABHARAT WAR OF
KURUKSHETRA
19
Mahabharata Epic
Mahabharata is the world’s largest epic, whose
author was Maharishi Vedvyasa. Mahabharata is
also known as Jaya Samhita and Satasehastri
Samhita. The Mahabharata was written in
Kurukshetra. Therefore, Kurukshetra district of
Haryana is considered old and sacred. Kurukshetra
has been described as the Dharamshetra
Kurukshetra in the first verse of the Gita.
The original name of Mahabharata is Panchali
Katha. In Mahabharata, Haryana has been named as
Bahudhanyaka. Karnal city was established by King
Karna during Mahabharata period.
Buddhism and Jainism in the Later
Vedic Period
lAfter the Mahabharata period, the life of
people became complicated which was simple
and easy in the Vedic period.
lThe business of rituals increased more in the
society. As a result, Buddhism and Jainism
emerged against religious complexities.
Buddhism
lBuddhist literature suggests that Mahatma
Buddha himself came to Haryana. Among the
most important places sanctified by Buddha is
the place called Kammasadhamma, where
Mahatma Buddha gave many discourses.
lThe modern name of this Kammasadhamma
city is Kaithal. Important centers of
Buddhism were built in Haryana at places
called Hisar, Karnal, Topra and Thanesar
with the efforts of Emperor Asoka. The
details of the important places are as follows:
lThanesar (Dulkoti) This is the second
important city (present Thanesar) of the state,
where Mahatma Buddha preached and the
ruler Ruttpal became a disciple of Mahatma
Buddha.
lAccording to the Chinese traveller
Hiuen-Tsang, Thanesar had three museums.
A 300 feet high stupa was built by Asoka in
its North-West part, in which a metal statue
of Mahatma Buddha was placed.
20
l Topra (Yamunanagar) It is a historical
village, which is located in the
Yamunanagar district of the state. Emperor
Asoka established a stone pillar here. This
pillar was built in the hills of Girnar in
Gujarat. It is a 42 feet high and 2.5 feet
wide, on which seven edicts are written in
Brahmi Script and Prakrit language.
l There is a sign of a Buddhist Vihara built
by Asoka at this place. In 1453 AD, Firuz
Shah Tughlaq took this pillar to Delhi.
l Sugh (Yamunanagar) According to
Hiuen-Tsang, Mahatma Buddha preached
at this ancient site. There were five
Buddhist Viharas, in which about one
thousand Buddhist monks lived.
l The stupa was built by Emperor Asoka on
the banks of river Yamuna near the Eastern
gate of this city, which had 12 stupas
around it. Nails and hair of Mahatma
Buddha were kept in it.
l Nails and hair of Mahatma Sariputra and
Acharya Maudgalyan were kept in the
Buddhist Stupa at the West gate of Sugh.
l Statues of Buddha and two thousand years
old remains of the Vanar Sena have been
found from the mound near Sugh.
l This city was an education center in ancient
times. It is mentioned in Panini’s
Ashtadhyayi.
l Agroha From the excavation of Haryana
Archaeological Department and Buddhist
Literature Divyavadana it is known that
Agroha was the center of Buddhism.
Remains of Buddhist Stupas and Buddhist
Viharas have been found from here.
Know Your State Haryana
l Emperor Asoka built Buddhist Viharas in
Dharsul, Kunal and Sirsa and established his
didactic stone in Kunal village of Fatehabad.
▲ EXCAVATION AREA IN AGROHA
l Rohtak and Kalanaur These places were also
visited by Mahatma Buddha. Thousands of people
benefitted from the sermon given here and later
disciple Ratnapala and disciples Nandutara and
Mittakali spread the message far and wide.
l Chinese travellers Fa-hein (399 AD), Hiuen-Tsang
(639 AD) and Van Hwen-Tse (657 AD) have
mentioned Buddhism in Haryana in their
travelogue.
At the time of the arrival of Hiuen-Tsang,
Buddhism began to decline in Haryana, but in the
7th century, Buddhism came into being again
during the time of Harsha. Harshavardhana’s third
Buddhist association was successful.
Rajyavardhana and Harshavardhana of the
Pushyabhuti dynasty were Buddhist righteous.
Jainism
l After Buddhism, Jainism continued to have its
influence in Haryana, in which Jain Saint
Lohacharya had a prominent position in the
spread of Jainism.
l He also expanded Jainism in Agroha and Rohtak,
but the influence of Buddhism was more over here.
Ancient History of Haryana
l After the sixth-seventh century, when
Buddhism began to weaken, Jainism spread
in a big way in Haryana with the efforts of
Jain Acharya Jinvallabh Suri, Haribhadra
Suri, Abhayadev and so on.
l Jainism in the state spread to the common
people with a five-colour flag, in which five
colours were considered to be symbols of
Gods and in five colours, the concept of five
Mahavratas was also contained.
l Among these colours, Dhaval colour was
considered as an emblem of Ahimsa,
Arunabha of truth, Pitabha of Acharya,
Haritabh of Brahmacharya and Neelabha is
the symbol of renunciation.
l Rohtak, Sirsa etc became the main centers
of Jainism in the state, but by the middle
ages, the spread of Jainism started to decline
and became limited to a few areas.
The main centers of Jainism in Haryana are as
follows:
l Thanesar (Kurukshetra) This area was the
main centre for the activities of Jain sages in
the state. Ancient Jain idols have been found
here. Presently, a book composed by Shri
Sundar Muni is preserved in the Government
Museum of Bikaner. This book is related
to Ayurveda and Thanesar as a place and
1645 AD as time has been written on it.
l Rohtak This region emerged as a major
centre of Jainism around the 7th century.
Ancient idols related to Jainism have been
found in the Khokhrakot area of Rohtak,
including statues of Jain mother with a child
on her lap and Jain Saraswati. Some of these
idols are kept in the temple of Kali Mata
situated here.
Idols of Jain Tirthankara Parshwanath and
Mahavir Swami have also been found
here. Some of the remains of this place are
also kept with the Archaeological
Department of Chandigarh.
21
l Jind The metal statue of Jain Tirthankar Adinath
has been found here, on which a 9th century
article has been written. Ancient Jain idols are
also found in the houses of Jain followers here.
l Pinjore (Panchkula) Many Jain idols have been
found here, among which statues of
Chandraprabha, Parshwanath and Mahavir
Swami are prominent.
l Sirsa During the 10th century, the influence of
Jainism can be seen in Sirsa. Fragmented remains
of Jain idols have been found from the adjoining
areas of Sirsa, in which the statue placed on the
throne is prominent. It has chakra on the front
of the throne and embellishments of lions on
both sides.
l Hansi Jainism arhats were present in large
number in the medieval period in Hansi even
after Jainism did not get state patronage. Many
metal sculptures related to Jainism have been
found here, among which the statues of Jain
Tirthankara Adinath, Parshwanath, Dharanendra,
Kubera, Yaksha-Yakshaniyas are prominent.
Apart from this, metal idols of Jain, Saraswati,
Padmavati and some birds have been
obtained. Statues of Buddha-Jain Stupas, statues
of Buddha and Brahma touching the ground, etc
have also been found here.
l Asthal Bohar (Rohtak) Asthal Bohar village
(Rohtak) is the major historical center of the
Nath sect. Important articles related to Jainism
have been found here, among which statues of
Balram, Jain Tirthankara, Parshwanath,
Shantinath and Chakreshwari are prominent.
The Origin of the Name of Haryana
l The word Haryana is originally made of
Haryanaa, which means Hari Ayan i.e. the
Abode of God.
l Different scholars have related the word of
Haryana according to their own, like Hari from
Lord Krishna, Har from Shankar, Hari from
Indra, from Parashurama who was addressed by
Hari and from king Harishchandra, etc.
22
l There are many opinions regarding the
naming of Haryana like Haryana was from
Hariyali or Haval and Haryana from
Haryanakya or Aryana. According to some
scholars, Haryana is the ultimate word of
Ahirana.
l Due to good grazing grounds in Haryana since
ancient times, Ahirs or rich people have been
living in large numbers.
l In the Mahabharata period, the term
Bahudhanyakya was used for Haryana, which
means a lot of grains.
l According to some scholars, in the Rigvedic
period there was a king named Varuraj, who
ruled the state of Haryana.
l The king was also referred to as Haryana due
to which the region was called Haryana after
his name.
l According to some scholars, the word Haryana
originated from the word Dasharana (ten
kilograms), while according to some scholars
(Rahul Sankrityayan) this region was called
Haridhanyak in ancient times, which later
changed to Haryana.
l In the context of the etymology of the word
Haryana, some scholars also believe that in
ancient times this area was surrounded by
forests and thieves and bandits were hiding
here. These thieves and bandits used to loot
(har) the goods of the people passing through
here, thus this place was used to call by this
word Harna as Haryana.
l According to famous historian Dr Yadunath
Sarkar, the word Haryana is associated with
greenery (Hariyali), because such strange
vegetation grows here that the entire area is
transformed into a Harit Aryanyak in the first
three to four days after the first rains.
Probably due to this special characteristic, this
area was referred to as Hariyala, Harit Aranyak
or Haryana in the pre-medieval period.
Know Your State Haryana
Various Opinions Regarding Nomenclature
of Haryana
l
Haryana has been called Hariyala in the Kumari
Khand section of Skanda Purana.
l
The famous Jain poet Pushpadant (10th century) of
Rohtak first used the word Haryana in his book
Akhaliya Paripaliya Haryanau of Mahapurana.
l
Jain poet Sridhar (Haryana) has called Haryana as
Haryanaye in a book Pasnahachariu.
l
Haryana is mentioned as Shrikrinth Janapada by
Banabhatta, Haridhankya by Rahul Sankrityayan,
Abhiryana by Budh Prakash, Aryana by SR Gupta,
Hariyala by Yadhnath Sarkar and Havam by King
Krishna.
l
Haryana was a part of Brahmavart country along
with Brahmavart and other districts.
l
In the Mahabharata period, Brahmavart became
associated with ‘Kuru’, called ‘Kurukshetra’. In the
Skanda Purana, the name of Kurukshetra has been
described as Harixhetra.
l
The region of South of Kurukshetra was called
Khandavprastha and the South-Eastern region
was called the Bahudhanyak. The Bahudhanyak
region was formerly known as Kuru Jangal. It is
believed that due to the efforts of Maharaja Kuru,
there was greenery in this area, due to which this
area came to be called Bahudhanyak.
l
In the sixth-seventh century Kurukshetra, Kuru
Jangal, etc. were known as Shrikanth Janapada.
This name was given by a Nagavanic ruler.
l
After the fall of Pushyabhuti Dynasty, in the 9th
century due to its greenery, this region started to
be called Hariyala.
l
Famous writer Dharnidhar in his book Akhand
Prakash addressed the state of Haryana with the
word Haribanak. In this book, the regional
expansion of Haryana has been considered from
Palam (Delhi) to Patiala Kushumbh (Kohan)
village, i.e. during this period, Delhi came under
Haryana.
l
The National Museum, located in Delhi, has an
inscription (1328 AD) in which this region is named
as Haryana. Similarly, Haryana has been called
Haritanak in an inscription located in Bijaulia in
Rajasthan, while Haryana has been called
Haryanak in the article of Palam Bawli.
l
After the 14th century, this state started to be
addressed by the present name Haryana.
Ancient History of Haryana
Mahajanapada Period
l In the later Vedic period, tribal states were
replaced by territorial states and they were
developed in the 6th century BCE. Thus,
many big states came into existence.
l The Buddha text ‘Anguttara Nikaya’ has
mention of 16 Mahajanapadas and one of
these is Kuru which had some areas of
Haryana. Meerut, Delhi and Thanesar were a
part of Kuru Mahajanapada and its capital was
Hastinapur during Mahabharata Period.
Emergence of a Republican System after
the Mahabharata Period
l After the Mahabharata period, the Pandavas
power in the state became weak and the people
established a republican system. Probably the
leader of this republican state was
Chandragupta. Chandragupta became an
imperial ruler like Napoleon and with his
might he subjugated Punjab and other areas
including present day Haryana.
l The Mauryan people were probably the
founders of the republican system in Haryana.
Mauryan Period
l Haryana was under the Mauryans from 324 to
232 BC. Archaeological discovery in
Kurukshetra give information that Haryana
was a part of Mauryan Empire. Chandragupta
Maurya was a mighty king in the Mauryan
period.
l In 324 BC, when Chandragupta Maurya
became the king of Punjab and Haryana, he
gradually increased his power and defeated
Dhanananda, the ruler of the Nanda dynasty
of Magadha. Chandragupta was succeeded by
Bindusara and Bindusara was succeeded by his
son Asoka.
l The 7 inscriptions of the reign of Mauryan
ruler Asoka are inscribed at a place called
Topra in Ambala district. Ashoka also built a
Buddhist Stupa at Thanesar, Haryana.
23
l Thanesar is also called the ancestral kingdom
of Asoka.
l Asoka’s successors proved unfit, due to which
the Mauryan Empire began to decline and the
people of Haryana gradually re-established the
republican system.
l The evidences of the governance of the
Mauryan dynasty are found from the
Northern black shiny pottery from Sugh near
Jagadhri, the stupas of Thanesar, the pillars
from Hisar and Topra, etc.
Yaudheya Republic
l Yaudheyas came after Mauryans. It was the
largest republic of India.
l The word Yaudheya dates back to around 5th
century BC. This word is mentioned in
Mahabharata, Purana, Mahabhashya, etc.
l According to ‘Drona Parva’, Yaudheya
Repbulic was established by Yaudheyas.
l Haryana was known as Bahudhanyaka during
Yaudheya period.
l Coins of Yaudheya Republic have been found in
Haryana firstly by Cunnigham in 19th century.
l Coins have also been found from Sonipat,
Hisar, Sirsa, Rohtak, Gurugram, Karnal, etc of
which the coin found from Rohtak district in
1916 is prominent.
l Sir Rogers has found the coins of Yaudheya
clan from Hansi and Kharkhoda.
l Similarly, in the year 1938-39 a large pile of
Yaudheya coins was found from a place called
Jaijaivati of Jind.
l Yaudheyana Bahudhanyak belong to the
period of decline of Mauryan Empire and the
Mauryan script is inscribed on them.
l Yaudheyan coins have been kept safe at the
Haryana Archaeological Museum, Jhajjar. In
the year 1936, fossil scientist Birbal Sahni got
a similar stamp from the mint of Khokhrakot
of Rohtak, from which coins of Yaudheya
Republic were minted.
24
l Birbal Sahni has written in the book
Technique of Casting Coins in the ancient
India that “Out of all the ancient materials of
minting coins in the world, the material
obtained from Rohtak is the best, most
valuable and important.”
l Mints have also been found from
Naurangabad in Bhiwani, from where the
coins and molds of Yaudheyan clan have been
found.
l After the decline of the Mauryan Empire, the
entire Republic of Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar
Pradesh and parts of Punjab were included
under the Yaudheyan Republic.
l The capital of the Yaudheyan Republic was
Prakritanak Nagar (Naurangabad - Bamla),
while Rohtak and Sirsa were the headquarters
of a large administrative department.
l Coins of the Kushana rulers - Vima Kadphises,
Kanishka, Huvishka and Vasudeva, have also
been found in the Yaudheya Republic,
which means that Kushana rule existed in the
region.
l The struggle of the Yaudheyas and the
Kushanas took place during the reign of Vima
Kadphises. Possibly Vim Kadphises could not
control the entire Yaudheya republic, while
Kanishka and Huvishka had complete control
over it.
l The Yaudheyas made themselves independent
at the time of the Kushana ruler Vasudeva.
l According to the famous scholar Dr Anant
Sadashiva Altekar, the Yaudheyas defeated the
Kushanas by forming a union of the republics
of Kunind, Arjunayan, etc.
l To make this victory permanent, Yaudheyas
issued special coins on which Yaudheya
Ganasya Jai (i.e. Yaudheyas conquered the
enemy) was written. This is also confirmed by
the coin with ‘Yaudheyanam Jayamantra
Dharamanam’.
Know Your State Haryana
l The coinage of the last Kushana rulers not
found in this area proves that the Yaudheyas
had liberalised themselves from the Kushana
rulers.
Khokhrakot
It was the famous city of the Yaudheyan Republic. It is
also considered the capital of the Republic of
Yaudheyas. Presently, it is situated in the form of a
huge mound near Rohtak district. The excavation
work of this archaeological site was conducted by the
Department of Archaeology and Museums with the
help of Maharishi Dayananda University, Rohtak
between 1988 and 1990.
The evidences of the earliest Painted Grey Pottery
Culture have been found from this site. After this, the
region may have been under the Yaudheyas, Kushana
and Gupta rulers. Terracotta coins, stamps, etc have
also been found from this site.
Agar (Agroha) Republic
l The second major republic of Haryana was the
Agar Republic.
l The first 10 coins related to Agar have been
found in the state, of which 9 coins were
found in Barwala by Rogers, which is in the
British Museum, while 1 coin is in the Indian
Museum.
l In the year 1938-39, HL Srivastava found 51
coins from Agroha of Hisar.
l On the basis of coins, it can be said that in
ancient times the main centre of Agar clan was
Agroha (Hisar).
l In the year 1979, during the archaeological
excavation many historical material was
obtained from Agroha.
l The capital of Agar Republic was Agroha or
Agrodaq.
l The ancient Agroha city was founded by
Maharaja Agrasen, the primitive man of
Agarwal community (Agar). This is the reason
why presently the entire Agarwal community
(Vaishya caste) of India considers Agroha as
their place of origin.
Ancient History of Haryana
l Later, after the Kushana war, Agar was merged
into the Yaudheyan Republic. Earlier, after the
invasion of Alexander, the Agar Republic came
under the Mauryan Empire, and then became
independent after the fall of the Mauryans.
l The Agar Republic was also included in the
union formed by the Yaudheyas, who defeated
the Kushana ruler Vasudeva.
Arjunayana Republic
l According to famous scholar Dr Jaiswal,
around 200 AD Arjunayana Republic
emerged.
l This Republic was located in Rajasthan,
covering some areas of Southern Haryana
(some part of Mahendragarh).
Kunind Republic
l Kunind Republic was an important republic of
ancient India. The territory of the Republic of
Kunind was in some upper part of Ambala
district in Haryana.
l The Kunindas and Yaudheyas together fought
a war against the Kushanas. This is confirmed
by renowned scholar Dr Altekar on the basis
of the word ‘Dhwi’ inscribed on the coins of
Yaudheyan clan.
l The coins of the Republic of Kunindas have
been found from Karnal and Budiya of
Jagadhri. Thus, from 500 AD, the democratic
system was established in Haryana.
Gupta Period
l According to Prayag Prashasti , great Gupta
ruler Samudragupta had merged Yaudheya
Republic in Gupta Empire.
l In 5th century, after the death of Gupta ruler
Skandagupta, Haryana (Neelkanth district)
was captured by Pushyabhuti dynasty.
l The name of the Neelkanth Janapada (a large
part of Haryana) was probably named after the
ruler Srikanth of Naga dynasty.
25
Pushyabhuti (Vardhana) Dynasty
l The founder of Pushyabhuti dynasty or
Vardhana dynasty was Pushyabhuti, whose
capital was Thaneshwar (Thanesar),
Kurukshetra.
l Pushyabhuti constructed the Sthaneshwar
(Thaneshwar) temple and it was renovated by
Maratha Sadashiv Rai. Thaneshwar is also
known as the Island of the Mughals.
l Pushyabhuti was conferred with the title
Parammaheshwar. There were six rulers of
Haryana under Pushyabhuti Dynasty, whose
capital was Sthaneshwar (Thaneshwar).
Some main rulers of this dynasty were as
follows:
Naravardhana (505-525 AD)
l During the downfall of Gupta period,
Naravardhana established his power in
Thanesar Pratigana (Pargana). At this time this
area was part of Shrikanth Janapada.
Naravardhana is called Maharaj in the
inscriptions.
Rajyavardhana I (525–550 AD)
l He was a worshipper (the divine devotee) of
the Sun. His wife or Patrani was named Apsara
Devi. He assumed the title of Maharaja.
Adityavardhana (550–580 AD)
lHe had the title of Maharaja only, but he has
been called Paramdivya Bhakta.
Adityavardhana in 565 AD was married to
Mahasen Gupta, daughter of the Gupta ruler
of Malwa, Damodar Gupta.
lDamodar Gupta (550–576 AD) was defeated
by the Maukhari ruler Raovarman
(576–580 AD).
Prabhakarvardhana (580-605 AD)
l After Adityavardhana, his son
Prabhakarvardhana became the ruler. He was a
powerful ruler, whose coronation was done in
580 AD.
26
l Prabhakarvardhana had taken the titles
Maharajadhiraj Param Bhattarak and
Pratapashil through his might. According to
Banabhatta, he was the victor of many wars.
l According to Dr RS Tripathi,
Prabhakarvardhana’s kingdom extended from
Punjab in the North to Maru Pradesh
(Haryana) in the South.
l Prabhakarvardhana defeated the Huna rulers
and conquered states like Lat, Malav, Sindh
and Gandhar. He was responsible for complete
independence of the Vardhana dynasty.
l Prabhakarvardhana appointed the sons of the
Malav King, Raja Mahasena Gupta,
Kumaragupta (18 years) and Madhavagupta
(younger than Kumaragupta), as the attendants
of Rajyavardhana and Harsha.
l He died in 605 AD.
Rajyavardhana-II (605-606 AD)
lHe was the eldest son of Prabhakarvardhana
and Queen Yashomati. He fought a war with
Huns. When he was 6 years old, Yashomati’s
brother Sheeladitya sent his 8 year old son
Bhendi as an attendant of Rajyavardhana II
and Harshavardhana.
lAt the time of Rajyavardhana II, the ruler of
the Maukhari dynasty, Grihavarma ruled
Kannauj. Rajyavardhan’s II sister Rajyashree
was married to Grihavarma.
lIn 606 AD, Kannauj ruler Devgupta and
Gaurraj Shashank killed Rajyavardhana-II by
deception.
Harshavardhana (606-647 AD)
lAfter the death of Rajyavardhana II in
606 AD, Harshavardhana became the ruler of
Vardhana dynasty.
lCoronation of Harsha was done in 612 AD. It
was the time when he attained the throne of
Kannauj by assuming the title of Rajputra and
the nickname Shiladitya. Harsha’s earliest
capital was Thaneshwar.
Know Your State Haryana
l In 636 AD, Harshavardhana made Kannauj
as the second capital of the Vardhana
dynasty.
l Harsha was very sharp since childhood. He
defeated Devagupta and Panchgoud ruler
Shashank. He also assumed the title of
Param Bhattarak.
l The court poet of Harshavardhana was
Banabhatta, who has praised the Pushyabhuti
dynasty in Harshacharita.
l The kingdom was divided into provinces
during Harsha period. The province was
called Bhukti. The small unit of
administration was the village.
l Chinese traveller Hiuen-Tsang came to
Indiain 629 AD during the period of Harsha
and he lived in Thanesar from 635 to 644
AD. Hiuen-Tsang describes Thanesar
(Kurukshetra) in his book ‘Si-Yu-Ki’.
l Harsha made a last attack on Ganjam on the
East coast, which he defeated and merged
with Thanesar.
l Copper currencies of Harsha period and Indo
Dirhams of Indo-Greek Bacterians have been
found from Sonipat in Haryana.
l After the death of Harsha in 647 AD,
Haryana was ruled by Gurjara-Pratihara
dynasty.
Haryana and Gurjar-Pratihara
Period
l From an inscription obtained from a place
called Jodhaka in Sirsa district of Haryana, it
is known that the Pratiharas had occupied
Haryana.
l Pratihara ruler Vatsaraja had made Tomar
Sardar named Galla as the special
administrator here, but Vatsaraja did not
remain in power for long.
l Due to the increasing influence of Rashtrakuta
rulers, he was expelled from power.
Ancient History of Haryana
l After the expulsion of Vatsaraja, the Tomar
rulers had an opportunity to increase their
power, but Tomar could not succeed in
establishing his power for long as the Pala
Dynasty ruler Dharmapala defeated and
subjugated him.
l After some time, Haryana and Kannauj were
restored under the son of Vatsaraja.
Nagabhatta. After the death of Nagabhatta in
833 AD, his son Rambhadra became the ruler.
l Rambhadra proved to be an inept (incapable)
ruler. During his short tenure (833-836 AD),
a state of chaos arose, but Rambhadra’s son
Mihirbhoja proved to be a worthy ruler.
l Mihirbhoja established a strong Pratihara
Empire by his ability and intelligence. During
the reign of Mihirbhoja, the Pratihara Empire
started on the path of progress and Pehowa
was established as a trading center. Mihirbhoja
made Kannauj his capital.
l Mihirbhoja ruled from 836 to 885 AD. In
885 AD, after his death Mihirbhoja’s son
Mahendrapala became the ruler, but he did
not prove worthy as his father.
l It is known from the records obtained from
Pehowa that during Mahendrapala’s rule, a
vast area of Haryana had come out of his
suzerainty and a Tomar chieftain named Jaul
had increased his power. Jaul’s eldest son
Vajrat was also a heroic and mighty chieftain
like his father.
l Under Vajrat’s leadership, peace system
continued in Haryana. Vajrat’s son Jajjuk was
also a worthy chieftain.
l In 910 AD, an atmosphere of political
instability arose after the death of
Mahendrapala. Taking advantage of this
situation, the three sons of Jajjuk, Goga,
Purnaraj and Devaraja established their
dominance in the adjoining areas of Haryana
and laid the foundation of Tomar rule
independently.
27
Haryana and Tomar Dynasty
l There are different opinions among different
historians in terms of origin of Tomar dynasty.
According to Mughal historian Khadgaram,
the ruler of Tomar dynasty was Somvanshi
Kshatriya. In the inscription of 1631 AD,
Tomar is considered a descendant of
Somvanshi Kshatriya and Pandavas.
l Through the Pehowa inscription, it is reported
that the Tomar dynasty in Haryana was
originated by a chieftain named Jaul. It is also
known from this inscription that Jaul was not
an independent ruler, but was born from the
fifth generation of the Tomar ruler,
Anangpala. It was Anangpala who laid the
foundation of the Tomar kingdom, whose
capital was Dhillika (Delhi).
l It is known from historical sources that Jaul
accepted the subordination of Pratiharas and
made his currency popular. After Jaul,
Aprichhdev, who is also known as Gogg,
became the ruler of Tomar Dynasty.
l The successor of Aprichhdev was Pipalraj Dev.
His issued currencies show that he was an
independent ruler.
l After Pipalraj Dev, there is a mention of three
other kings-Raghupala, Vilhanpala and Gopala.
Conflicts between Chauhan and
Tomar Rulers
lHarshanath’s inscriptions (973 AD) give
information that there was a struggle between
Chauhan and Tomar rulers.
lWith this inscription, the evidence of the
struggles between Shakambari’s Chauhan rulers
and Pipalraj Dev and Vilhanpal has been
found, in which Tomar rulers were defeated.
Tomar ruler Pipalraj was defeated by his
contemporary Chauhan ruler Chandan.
lThe successors of Pipalraj, Raghupala and
Vilhanpala were also defeated by Chauhan
rulers. Gopala, son of Vilhanpala, fought a
battle with Chauhan ruler Singhpala to get
independence, but he was defeated.
28 Know Your State Haryana

l Gopala was succeeded by Sulakshanpala Remains

Location
(from where received)
(997-1005 AD). Sulakshanpala had issued
new currency in his reign. This proves that Sculptures of Yaksha Palwal
Sulakshanpala was an independent king. Tablet with Ramayan Verses Nacharkheda (Bhiwani)
l After Sulakshanpala, Jaipala became his Clay Stamps Daulatpur
successor. At this time, Turks started to attack Coins of Agreya Janapada Agroha (Hisar)
India. It is probably believed that Chauhan
Statue of Baliram Asthal Bohar (Rohtak)
and Tomar rulers had been aligned to defeat
the Turks. Inscriptions of Pehowa
Gurjara-Pratihara Period
Relevant Places of Ancient
Remains of Haryana Ancient Names of Some Districts
Location Ancient Name Present Ancient
Remains Present Name
(from where received) Name Name
Mauryan Stupa and Relics Hisar and Fatehabad Sirsa Sherishkam Rohtak Rohitas

Ornaments and Relics of Kunal (Fatehabad), Fatehabad Ikdar Sonipat Swarnprastha

Pre-Harappan Civilisation
Hisar Hisar-e-Firoza Panipat Panprastha
Relics of Harappan Bhiwani
Mahendragarh Kanaur Karnal Karntal
Civilisation
Rewari Rewawari Yamuna Abdullapur
Gold and Copper Coins of Mitathal (Bhiwani)
nagar
Kushana Period
Mewat Satyevpuram Kurukshetra Sthanishvara
Indo-Greek Coins Khokhrakot (Rohtak) (Thanesar)
Gold and Copper Coins Mitathal (Bhiwani) Palwal Upbala, Kaithal Kapisthal
Coins mint Khokhrakot, Aurangabad Apbala
Gurugram Gurugram Jind Jayantipuri
Mints of Yaudheyan Period Khokhrakot (Rohtak)
Mints Agroha, Barwala, Ancient Names of Some Towns
Aurangabad
Ancient Present Ancient Present
Coins of Kuninda Period Karnal, Jagadhari, Budiya Name Name Name Name

Coins of Samudragupta Mitathal Khariyal Ellenabad Sharfabad Bahadurgarh

Period (Sira) (Jhajjar)
Currencies of Gupta Period Rohtak Ayohdak Agroha (Hisar) Mahestha Maham (Rohtak)
Tablet of Shunga Period Sugh
Navrashtra Narnaul Pradath Pehowa
Copper Currency of Harsha Sonipat (Mahendragarh) (Kurukshetra)
Period
Stamps of Yaudheyan Period Naurangabad (Bhiwani) Prakritnak Aurangabad Yugandhar Jagadhri
Statues of Jain Period Hansi and Ranila (Palwal) (Yamunanagar)

Dwara Pillar of Kushana Rohtak Batramgarh Vallabhgarh Kalakula Kalka

Style (Faridabad) (Panchkula)
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. In ancient times Haryana was known as 9. Information about the ancient history of
……… . [Haryana Fire Station Officer 2018] Haryana is found in which Purana?
(a) Brahmavrata (b) Gujarat (a) Narad Purana (b) Matasya Purana
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Delhi (c) Vishnu Purana (d) Vamana Purana
2. By what name was the state of Haryana 10. The Vamana Purana mentions how many
known in ancient times? [HSSC 2015] forests of Haryana?
(a) Brahmavrata Pradesh (a) 4 (b) 7
(b) Brahmashri Pradesh (c) 11 (d) 12
(c) Brahma Ki Uttarvedi 11. Which of the following rivers of Haryana is
(d) All of the above not mentioned in Vamana Purana?
3. The ancient and sacred river of Haryana is (a) Indravati (b) Saraswati
……… . [HSSC 2019] (c) Aapaga (d) Anshumati
(a) Saraswati (b) Drishadvati 12. Which text has mentioned the description of
(c) Ganga (d) Both (a) and (b) the rivers flowing in Thanesar and
4. Agroha (Hisar) is mentioned in which texts? Kurukshetra of Haryana?
(a) Divyavdan (b) Kathakosh (a) Vamana Purana (b) Prithvi Purana
(c) Bhadrabahu Charita (d) All of these (c) Purana Katha (d) Katha Sahitya
5. Which of the following texts has mention 13. Harshacharita was written by ……… .
about Agroha (Hisar)? [HSSC 2021] [HSSC 2019]
(a) Rajatarangini (a) Banabhatta
(b) Abhigyan Shakuntalam (b) Rajyavardhana
(c) Maltimadhav (c) Adityavardhana
(d) Divyavdana (d) Prabhakarvardhana
6. Which of the following Jaina texts provides 14. Banabhatta was the friend and court poet of
information from the social, religious which of the following rulers?
cultural life of Haryana from first century [Haryana Patwari Exam 2015]
to the third century? (a) Prithviraj Chauhan
(a) Parishishtaparvan (b) Harshavardhana
(b) Bhadrabahu Charitra (c) Anangpala
(c) Kathakosh (d) Hemchandra
(d) All of the above 15. The first archaeological excavation in
7. Maharaja Agrasena was associated with Haryana was done by which Archaeologist?
which place? [HSSC 2017, Patwari 2016] (a) Cunningham (b) BB Lal
(a) Sirsa (b) Pehowa (c) HL Srivastava (d) DD Snooper
(c) Rohtak (d) Agroha 16. The oldest inscription of Haryana is ………
8. Rohtak district got its mention in which (a) Topra inscription
historical text? [PGT 2016] (b) Ropar inscription
(a) Divyavdan (b) Majihima Nikaya (c) Pehowa inscription
(c) Nakula-Digvijayam (d) Kathakosh (d) Banawali inscription
30 Know Your State Haryana

17. Who established Topra inscription of Ashoka 26. From which place of Haryana evidences of
period (in Yamunanagar district of Haryana) lower palaeolithic period have been found?
to Firuz Shah Kotla in Delhi? (a) Pinjore-Kalka region
[Haryana Accountant 2018] (b) Mewat region
(a) Firuz Shah Tughlaq (c) Malwa region
(b) Sultan Nasiruddin (d) Jhajjar-Nuh region
(c) Ibrahim Lodi
(d) None of the above
27. Evidences of agriculture of Neolithic period
have been found from which place of
18. All the seven notes of music have been Haryana?
mentioned in the inscription which has been (a) Sirsa (b) Hisar
found at which place of Haryana? (c) Siswal (d) Kurukshetra
[Haryana Clerk 2016]
(a) Sudh (b) Agroha 28. The first evidences of Siswal culture have
(c) Rohtak (d) Mitathal been found from which district of Haryana?
(a) Hisar (b) Rohtak
19. Which inscription provides information that (c) Kurukshetra (d) Sirsa
Pehowa was famous for horse trading in the
ancient period? 29. At first, Siswal people were settled near
(a) Topra Inscription which river valley in Haryana?
(b) Ropar Inscription (a) Yamuna River Valley
(c) Bhojdeva Inscription (b) Sahibi River Valley
(d) Banawali Inscription (c) Saraswati River Valley
(d) Drishadvati River Valley
20. Coins of Indo-Greek rulers have been found
from which place of Haryana? 30. Black-shiny decorated pottery have been
(a) Karnal found in Haryana, it depicts culture of
(b) Khokhrakot (Rohtak) which period?
(c) Mewat (a) Vedic Period
(d) Hansi (b) Indus Valley civilisation
21. From which place of Haryana coins of (c) Siswal civilisation
Gupta ruler Samudragupta have been (d) None of the above
obtained? 31. The excavation of Mitathal village, located
(a) Mitathal (b) Rakhigarhi in Bhiwani district of Haryana, was
(c) Banawali (d) Kapalmochan conducted by ......... [HSSC 2020]
22. Copper currency of Harsha period has been (a) Dr. Manmohan Kumar
found from which place of Haryana? (b) Dr. Surajbhan
(a) Sonipat (b) Panipat (c) R.S. Bisht
(c) Jhajjar (d) Mewat (d) Dr. Amrendra Nath
23. Most of the Sculptures found in Haryana are 32. Banawali is located in which district of
related to which religion? Haryana?
(a) Vaishnavism (b) Buddhism (a) Fatehabad (b) Rohtak
(c) Jainism (d) All of these (c) Sirsa (d) Hisar
24. In Haryana which of the following is the 33. Rakhigarhi, a famous site of Siswal culture
main centre of Kushana period sculptures? is located in which district of Haryana?
(a) Rohtak (b) Sirsa (a) Hisar (b) Sonipat
(c) Panipat (d) Kurukshetra (c) Kurukshetra (d) Sirsa
25. Stone tools of palaeolithic age are found at 34. Painted pottery of Siswal culture has been
which place of Haryana? found from which place of Haryana?
(a) Dhamli (b) Pinjore (a) Kunal (b) Farmana
(c) Firozpur (d) Both (a) and (b) (c) Giravad (d) Balu
Ancient History of Haryana 31
35. Royal crown has been found from which 45. Which of the following archaeological site of
place of Haryana? Indus Valley Civilisation in Haryana is
[Haryana Police Constable 2018, correctly matched?
Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018] [Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018]
(a) Banawali (b) Rakhigarhi (a) Mitathal-Bhiwani
(c) Kunal (d) All of these (b) Rakhigarhi-Fatehabad
36. Which is the first excavated site of ‘Hakra (c) Banawali-Yamunanagar
Culture’? (d) Siswal-Kurukshetra
(a) Kunal (b) Mitathal 46. Which of the following is not a Harappan
(c) Bhirrana (d) None of these site? [HSSC 2017]
37. Around 5000 years old Indus Valley (a) Rakhigarhi (b) Faridabad
Civilisation has been found in the ……… (c) Banawali (d) Daulatpur
district of Haryana. [HSSC 2018] 47. What is the name of Haryana in Rigveda?
(a) Ranchi (b) Hisar [Haryana Agriculture Inspector 2017]
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Angirus (a) Raj Haryana (b) Harivi
38. Which Harappan site is located in (c) Haryali (d) Harn
Fatehabad district of Haryana? [PGT 2016] 48. In which Purana, Haryana is named as
(a) Banawali (b) Lothal ‘Hariyali’? [HSSC 2017]
(c) Dholavira (d) Kalibangas (a) Vamana Purana (b) Prithvi Purana
39. At which place, two terracotta sculptures of (c) Purana Katha (d) Skanda Purana
Matra devi have been found in Haryana? 49. ‘Panprastha’ is the oldest name of which
(a) Banawali (b) Rakhigarhi district of Haryana? [Haryana Group D 2018]
(c) Mitathal (d) Bhirrana (a) Sonipat (b) Kurukshetra
40. The largest number of barley and grains (c) Panipat (d) Kaithal
evidences have been discovered at which 50. In which text Kurukshetra is known as
Harappan site of Haryana? ‘Harishetra’?
(a) Mitathal (b) Banawali (a) Vayu Purana
(c) Siswal (d) Bhirrana (b) Garuda Purana
41. Rakhigarhi, a Harappan civilisation place is (c) Shiva Purana
located in which of the following district of (d) Skanda Purana
Haryana? [PGT 2016] 51. The oldest epic of Haryana is ………
(a) Hisar (b) Kurukshetra [Haryana Police Sub-inspector 2018]
(c) Fatehabad (d) Sirsa (a) Rigveda (b) Bhagavad Gita
42. In the excavation of which of the following (c) Chaturveda (d) Ausho
sites of Haryana the remains of 4500 years 52. ……… said that the word ‘Haryana’ came
old civilisation found? [HSSC 2019] from Aryan.
(a) Rakhigarhi (b) Siswal [Haryana Group D 2018, HSSC 2017]
(c) Rohtak (d) Karnal (a) Dr. HR Gupta
43. Which of the following is the oldest, (b) Pt. Rahul Sankrityayan
Harappan historical site in Haryana? (c) Satish Dwiwedi
[HSSC Head Office Cadre 2020, (d) Chahmana
Haryana Tabla Player 2018] 53. Aryan people called Haryana as ……… .
(a) Bhadana (b) Rakhigarhi (a) Devlok (b) Devprayag
(c) Banawali (d) Kunal (c) Devbhoomi (d) Devsangam
44. The historical site Mitathal is located in 54. Which of the following mighty kings are
which district of Haryana? [HSSC 2017] associated with history of Haryana?
(a) Rohtak (b) Sirsa (a) Puru Clan (b) Bharat Clan
(c) Bhiwani (d) Bahadurgarh (c) Kuru Clan (d) All of these
32 Know Your State Haryana

55. Haryana state was the home of which 66. Kurukshetra has been described as the
dynasty? Dharmakshetra Kurukshetra in the first
(a) Bharata dynasty (b) Maurya dynasty verse of the ............ .
(c) Lodhi dynasty (d) Gupta dynasty [HSSC Filed Cadre 2020]
56. The war of Mahabharata took place in (a) Puranas (b) Ramayana
……… BC. [HSSC 2017] (c) Mahabharatha (d) Gita
(a) 900 (b) 800 (c) 700 (d) 600 67. Haryana has been illustrated in which epic?
[HSSC 2017]
57. The famous Kurukshetra War
(a) Ramayana (b) Gitanjali
(Mahabharat) was fought for the throne of
................ [HSSC Filed Cadre 2020] (c) Mahabharata (d) Shakuntala
(a) Indraprashta (b) Hastinapur 68. During the times of Mahabharata, Haryana
(c) Gandhar (d) Yadu was referred with which of the following
names?
58. The holy district of Haryana is ………
(a) Hitapradesh (b) Vindyapradesh
[HSSC 2017]
(a) Panchkula (b) Kurukshetra (c) Ditarashtra (d) Bahudhanyaka
(c) Ambala (d) Hisar 69. Lord Krishna gave teachings of Gita to
59. Ved Vyasa write Mahabharata at which Arjun at which holy place of Haryana?
place? [Haryana Group D 2018] [Haryana Accountant 2018]
(a) Markanday Teertha
(a) Sonipat
(b) Jyotisar
(b) Kurukshetra
(c) Brahma Kund
(c) Hisar
(d) Panipat (d) Kaleshwar Teertha

60. The name of Mahabharata is ……… . 70. The book written by the Chinese traveller
depicts power and glory of which place of
[HSSC 2017]
(a) Dharam Bharata (b) Panchali Katha
Haryana? [PGT 2018, HSSC 2017]
(c) Jaya Samhita (d) Jay Bharata (a) Thanesar (b) Patiala
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Kurukshetra
61. The famous religious book/text of
‘Mahabharata’ was written in which district 71. Statues of Jain period have been found from
of Haryana? [PGT 2016] (a) Hansi (b) Rohtak
(a) Hisar (b) Sonipat (c) Daulatpur (d) Both (a) and (b)
(c) Karnal (d) Kurukshetra 72. Statue of Baliram has been found from
62. ……… battle ground is known as ‘Dharam which place of Haryana?
Shetra’. [Haryana Group D 2018] (a) Asthal Bohar (Rohtak)
(a) Panipat (b) Kurukshetra (b) Sonipat
(c) Mewat (d) Kargil (c) Naurangabad (Bhiwani)
63. Which city of Haryana is associated with (d) Barwala
Karna of Mahabharata? [HSSC 2015] 73. The famous traveller Hiuen Tsang who had
(a) Karnal (b) Kurukshetra come to Haryana in the 17th century to
(c) Kunjpura (d) Kunal learn Buddhism was from .......... .
64. In which epic Haryana is known as [HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
‘Bahudhanyak’? [HSSC 2017] (a) Israel (b) Sri Lanka
(a) Mahabharata (b) Vishnu Purana (c) Indonesia (d) China
(c) Ramayana (d) Ashtadhyayi 74. Which one of the following is the correct
65. King ……… established the Karnal city meaning of Haryana?
during Mahabharata period. [HSSC 2017] [HSSC Head Office Cadre (HOC) 2020]
(a) Yudhishtir (b) Karna (a) The Adobe of God (b) The God of Crop
(c) Duryodhana (d) Shakuni (c) The God of Money (d) The Adobe of Grains
Ancient History of Haryana 33

75. Who called the region of Haryana as 85. Where did King Harshavardhana establish
Hariyala? his capital in Kurukshetra in 700 AD?
(a) Dr. Budh Prakash (b) Yadhnath Sarkar [HSSC 2021, HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
(c) Dr. H.R. Gupta (d) Vibhu Shridhar (a) Pehowa (b) Kannauj
(c) Ladwa (d) Jhansa
76. ........... called the region of Haryana as
Haridhanakya. [HSSC Filed Cadre 2020] 86. ……… was near the Thanesar which was
(a) Dr. H.R. Gupta (b) Dr. Budh Prakash ruled by Harshavardhana.
(c) Rahul Sankrityayan (d) Yadunath Sarkar [Haryana Sub-Inspector 2018]
(a) Kurukshetra (b) Ambala
77. What was the capital of Kuru Clan, which
(c) Bhiwani (d) Panchkula
was among the 16 Mahajanapadas, during
Mahabharata period ? [PGT 2016] 87. Chinese traveller Hiuen-Tsang visited
(a) Hastinapur (b) Indraprastha Haryana during the reign of which ruler?
(c) Kurukshetra (d) None of these [Haryana Clerk Exam 2016]
(a) Harshavardhana
78. Haryana region was under the reign of
(b) Rajyavardhana
which Mauryan king?
[Haryana Panchayat Officer 2017] (c) Prabhakarvardhana
(a) Bindusara (d) Madhavardhana
(b) Ashoka 88. Copper currency of Harshavardhana period
(c) Chandragupta Maurya has been found from which place of
(d) All of the above Haryana?
79. Coins of Yaudheya clan have been (a) Sonipat (b) Pehowa
discovered at which place of Haryana? (c) Agroha (d) Panipat
(a) Hisar (b) Sonipat 89. Inscriptions of Gurjara-Pratihara period
(c) Bhiwani (d) Both (a) and (b) have been found from
80. Haryana was known by which name during (a) Pehowa (b) Sonipat
Yaudheya Period? [Bus Conductor 2016] (c) Mitathal (d) Agroha
(a) Haritdesha (b) Harit Pradesh 90. Mauryan Stupas and relics have been found
(c) Bahudhanyak (d) Haritdhanyaka from which place of Haryana?
81. The period of Yaudheya Republic is (a) Bhiwani (b) Hisar
considered after……… . (c) Agroha (d) Mitathal
(a) Post Harappan period 91. The old name of Kurukshetra was ………
(b) Post Mauryan period [HSSC 2017]
(c) Post Gupta period (a) Narashtra (b) Thanesar
(d) Medieval period
(c) Yugandhar (d) Rohitasgarh
82. The capital of Agar Republic was ………
92. Sthanishvara was the ancient name of
[PGT 2016]
(a) Sirsa (b) Sonipat
(a) Agroha (b) Hisar (c) Rewari (d) Hansi
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Karnal
83. Who was the founder of Vardhana dynasty?
93. Thanesar was the capital of which famous
(a) Pushyabhuti (b) Aditya Vardhana ruler?
(c) Naravardhana (d) Rajyavardhana
[Haryana Police Constable 2018, PGT 2016]
84. Vardhana dynasty was founded at which (a) Harshavardhana
place of Haryana ? [HSSC 2015] (b) Ashoka
(a) Thanesar (b) Rohtak (c) Chandragupta Vikramaditya
(c) Panipat (d) Kurukshetra (d) Kanishka
34 Know Your State Haryana

94. Match the following. 95. Match the following.

Ancient Remains Location Ancient Name Present Name
A. Tablet of Shunga period 1. Agroha A. Sherishkam 1. Sirsa
B. Sculptures of Yaksha 2. Khokhrakot B. Kanaur 2. Kaithal
C. Mints of Yaudheyan period 3. Palwal C. Kapisthal 3. Panipat
D. Coins of Agreya Janapada 4. Sugh D. Panprastha 4. Mahendragarh
Codes Codes
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1 (b) 4 2 1 3 (a) 4 1 2 3 (b) 1 4 2 3
(c) 1 2 3 4 (d) 3 2 1 4 (c) 3 1 2 4 (d) 3 2 4 1

Answers
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (a) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (a)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (b)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (d) 49. (c) 50. (d)
51. (b) 52. (a) 53. (c) 54. (d) 55. (a) 56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (b) 59. (b) 60. (c)
61. (d) 62. (b) 63. (a) 64. (a) 65. (b) 66. (d) 67. (c) 68. (d) 69. (b) 70. (a)
71. (d) 72. (a) 73. (d) 74. (a) 75. (b) 76. (c) 77. (a) 78. (d) 79. (b) 80. (c)
81. (b) 82. (a) 83. (a) 84. (a) 85. (b) 86. (a) 87. (a) 88. (a) 89. (a) 90. (b)
91. (b) 92. (c) 93. (a) 94. (a) 95. (b)
Medieval History of Haryana
CHAPTER 02
Medieval History of
Haryana
l The beginning of medieval period of
Haryana is considered with the invasion of
Muslims in India.
l Haryana being in the Northern part of India
was more affected by these invasions.
l Mahmud of Ghazni was prominent among
the Muslim invaders, who used the territory
of Haryana to pass during his invasion.
Therefore, the beginning of medieval history
of Haryana can be seen from his invasion in
Haryana.
Turk Invasion and Haryana
l Jaipala was the famous king of Tomar
Dynasty. When Jaipala became the ruler of
Tomar Dynasty, Turk (Ottoman) invasions
started from the North-Western part of India.
After the decline of the power of the Caliph
of Baghdad in the last phase of the 10th
century, his successor Sabuktigin established
an independent kingdom in Ghazni.
l In 986 AD after defeating, the ruler of
Hindu Royal Dynasty, Jaipala, the ruler of
Ghazni Sabuktigin established his suzerainty
(domain) over Peshawar. In 997 AD after the
death of Sabuktigin, he was succeeded by
Mahmud of Ghazni.
35
Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni and
Tomar Ruler Jaipala
l Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India for 17 times
from 1000 to 1026 AD.
l Mahmud of Ghazni attacked Thanesar in 1009
AD. This was Mahmud of Ghazni’s sixth
invasion of India and the first attack on Haryana
region. At this time, the ruler of Haryana region
(Delhi and Hansi) was Tomar King Jaipala.
Mahmud of Ghazni returned without any war.
l In 1014 AD, Mahmud of Ghazni attacked
again on Thanesar. There was a war between
the armies of King Jaipala and Mahmud of
Ghazni on the banks of Markanda river near
Shahabad, in which King Jaipala was defeated.
l Mahmud of Ghazni looted Thanesar. He
destroyed the sculpture of Chakra Swami made
of bronze and also damage the Vishnu temple.
l During the invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni, his
court poet, Al-Biruni was also with him.
l Al-Biruni in his book ‘Kitab-ul-Hind’,
mentioned that Thanesar was an important
centre for Hindus.
l Jaipala ruled this region till 1021 AD even
after Thanesar was conquered by Mahmud of
Ghazni.
36
Invasion of Masud and Mawdud
l In 1030 AD, after the death of Mahmud of
Ghazni his son Masud, ascended the throne.
l In 1037 AD, Masud invaded Hansi and
defeated the Tomar ruler, Kumarapala Dev. He
captured Hansi along with other nearby areas.
l In 1043 AD, Mawdud, the son of Masud of
Ghazni, invaded Haryana. But, Kumarapala
Dev, the Tomara ruler, defeated him with the
help of other rulers (Chauhan and Parmar
rulers). In this way, Haryana was liberate from
Ghaznavid Empire.
l In 1051 AD, Anangpala-II succeeded
Kumarapala Dev. Anangpala-II ruled till
1081 AD. Anangpala-II built Surajkund near
Faridabad. Simultaneously, Mehrauli’s iron
pillar was installed in Delhi.
l In 1081 AD, the ruler of Ghazni was Ibrahim
who invaded Haryana region. At this time, the
ruler of Haryana was Tejpala, the successor of
Anangpala-II, who accepted Ibrahim’s
subjection without any war.
Rise of Chauhans in Haryana
l When the Tomar Dynasty in Haryana region
was on decline, Shakambhari Chauhans from
Rajasthan started coming towards Haryana
and Delhi. Some historians consider them as
Agnikul Rajput.
l Around 1139 AD, the Chauhan ruler of
Ajmer, Arnoraj, with the title of
Maharajadhiraj Parameshwara Shri,
proceeded to Haryana with his army. Arnoraj
did not completely abolish the kingdom of
Tomar, but established suzerainty over it and
converted it into Karad State.
l Chauhan ruler, Vigraharaj-IV defeated the
Tomar rulers and took possession of the fort of
Delhi and Hansi. Thus, the real ruler of this
region became Chauhan, but Vigraharaj-IV
had given feudal rights to the Tomaras.
Know Your State Haryana
Rise of Bhadanakas and
Haryana
l Bhadanakas were actually related to the
ancient people of Haryana, who were
commonly called Bhadras. Gurugram and
Mahendragarh of present Haryana and Alwar
district of present Rajasthan were part of
Bhadanaka state.
l Bhadanakas were contemporary of the Tomar
and Chauhan rulers. The people of Bhadanaka
state spoke Apbhramsha language.
l According to historian Dasharatha Sharma,
Bhadanakas were probably related to the Ahir
caste.
l The Chauhan ruler, Arnoraj attacked the
Bhadanaka region after defeating the Tomars,
but an inscription of Arnoraj shows that
Bhadanakas accepted the subjection of Arnoraj
without any war.
l After the death of Arnoraj, when the power
struggle with the Chauhan rulers started in
this area, Bhadanakas again established their
independent authority over here.
l In Mahabharata, Bhadanakas were mentioned
with the Rohtak and Agar people of
Rohtak-Agroha, and the Malwa people settled
between Ghaggar and Satluj rivers. Presently,
Rewari and Bhiwani regions of Haryana are
known as Bhadra region.
l From the Mahabharata period to the middle
ages, the Bhadra region came to be known as
Bhadanaka.
Conflict between Bhadanakas
and Chauhans
l After the death of Chauhan ruler Arnoraj,
anarchy spread in the region. Bhadanakas
became feudal lords by accepting Arnoraj’s
subjugation. However by taking advantage of
the chaos caused by the civil war for the throne,
the Bhadanakas established independent rule.
Medieval History of Haryana
l In 1151 AD, Chauhan ruler Vigraharaja-IV,
after becoming the ruler, attacked the
Bhadanakas and defeated them and forced
them to accept his subjugation.
l However under the reign of Amar Gangay,
Prithviraj-II and Someshwar, Bhadanakas
again became powerful and independent rulers.
l After the death of Someshwar, Prithviraj-III
became the ruler of Chauhans. In 1182 AD,
Prithviraj-III attacked Bhadanakas.
Bhadanakas were defeated in this war. After
this defeat, the rule of Bhadanakas ended.
Invasion of Muhammad
Ghori and Haryana
Muhammad Ghori, the ruler of Ghor, (a small
state of Afghanistan) attacked India many times
from 1175 to 1186 AD and established the
possession on Punjab. Prithviraj-III was the ruler
of Haryana and Delhi at the time of the invasion
of Ghori.
First Battle of Tarain
l In 1191 CE, Muhammad Ghori attacked
Haryana. Prithviraj-III resisted this attack.
l In this battle, Muhammad Ghori was defeated
by Prithviraj-III. This battle was fought in
Taraori (Karnal) place of Haryana. It is known
as the First Battle of Tarain (Taraori) in Indian
history.
l The ruler of Delhi, Govindraj and many
territories of North India were with Prithviraj
III in First Battle of Tarain. After the Third
Battle of Tarain, Prithviraj-III took over the
fort of Tabarhind (Sirhind).
Second Battle of Tarain
l In 1192 CE, the Second Battle of Tarain was
fought again between Prithviraj-III and
Muhammad Ghori at Taraori. In this battle,
Prithviraj-III was defeated.
37
l After this battle, Qutb-ud-din Aibak ruled
over the region as a representative of
Muhammad Ghori till 1206 CE and Agroha
became a part of Muslim rule.
l After the death of Muhammad in 1206 CE,
Aibak founded the Slave Dynasty at Delhi.
Haryana after the Second Battle
of Tarain
l In 1192 AD, after the Second Battle of Tarain,
the people of Haryana fought against
Muhammad Ghori under the leadership of
Rajput Sardar Vir Jatwan in the region of
Hansi-Hisar. In this battle Vir Jatwan died.
The Governor of Rewari Tejpala fought
l
against Muhammad Ghori in Ahirwal region,
in which Afghan Commander Ibrahim died.
Thereafter Rewari was attacked by Ghori’s
Commander Qutb-ud-din Aibak, in which
Tejpala died.
Haryana in Sultanate Period
During the Sultanate period many dynasties
ruled over Haryana. Some of these are:
1. The Slave Dynasty
2. Khilji Dynasty
3. Tughlaq Dynasty
4. Sayyid Dynasty
5. Lodi Dynasty
The Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 AD)
l The Slave dynasty was founded in 1206 AD
by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, a slave of Muhammad
Ghori. He made his capital Lahore.
Qutb-ud-din Aibak’s reign was very short.
Aibak acquired his authority in Haryana
during his rule (1206-10 AD).
l After the death of Qutb-ud-din Aibak in
1210 AD, the Ahirs, Rajputs and Jats created
obstacles against the central authority.
38
The major rulers of the Slave Dynasty are
described as follows:
Iltutmish
l Iltutmish (1210-1236 AD) became the Sultan
of Delhi Sultanate after the death of
Qutb-ud-din Aibak. During his reign,
Kubacha, the ruler of Punjab and Yaldoj, the
ruler of Ghazni, invaded the Haryana region.
l In 1227 AD, Kubacha declared suzerainty
over Sirsa, but Yaldoj, the ruler of Ghazni
invaded this region and defeated Kubacha and
annexed the conquered territory into the
Ghazni kingdom.
l During the reign of Iltutmish, seven iqtas are
mentioned in contemporary texts. These were
(i) Delhi (ii) Rewari (iii) Hansi (iv) Narnaul
(v) Sirsa (vi) Palwal (vii) Pipli
l Among these, the iqtas of Delhi, Hansi and
Sirsa were very large and important.
l Hansi’s iqta was considered as the most
important from military and economic point
of view. It remained under Nasiruddin from
1226 to 1228 AD, who later became the
Sultan.
Ruknuddin and Razia Sultan
lAfter the death of Iltutmish in 1236 AD, his
son Ruknuddin became the ruler, who was an
unfit Sultan. Due to this, the Mufti of Hansi,
Saifuddin Kuchi revolted. Apart from this,
revolts also started in other adjacent areas. As a
result, Iltutmish’s daughter Razia Sultan
(1236-1240 AD) declared herself Sultan.
lThe Jats and Rajputs of Northern Haryana
opposed Razia’s step. Razia abandoned the
Purdah System and wore Choga (Kaba) and
Kulah (Cap) like men.
lOn 14th October, 1240 AD, Razia and her
husband Altunia were captured and killed near
Kaithal in Haryana
Know Your State Haryana
l In Kaithal , the tomb of Razia Sultan and
Altunia is located. The tomb of Razia Sultan is
the first female monument in South Asia.
Bahram Shah and Masood
lBahram Shah and Masood became rulers after
the death of Razia Sultan. Bahram Shah was
the son of Iltutmish and brother of Razia and
Masud was the grandson of Iltutmish.
lThese were incompetent rulers. Their reign
was very short. Nearly all the iqtas of Haryana
were completely independent during their
reign. Due to this reason, a period of upheavel
took place in the entire region.
Nasiruddin Mahmud
l Nasiruddin Mahmud (1246-1266 AD)
became sultan after the rule of Bahram Shah
and Masud Shah. Nasiruddin Mahmud was
also the son of Iltutmish.
l Nasiruddin sent an army to establish control
over the powerful Mufti Ulugh Khan (Balban)
of Hansi, but due to the revolt by the people
of Mewat, the Sultan had to negotiate with
Ulugh Khan. The Sultan thereafter made him
Aamir-e-Hajib.
l Balban himself also wanted to establish control
over Mewat, but was not successful. During
1248-49 AD, in order to punish the people of
Mewat, Ulugh Khan reached Mewat with a
huge army, but Ulugh Khan had to retreat
during a fierce struggle.
l In 1257 AD, Mewat people led by a Mewati
Chieftain named Malkha, attacked the caravan
of camels of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud’s
Commander in Chief near Hansi.
l At the same time, the Mongols invaded Sindh
and Lahore. In 1260 AD, Ulugh Khan was
again sent to suppress the Mewatis, but the
Mewatis could not be abolished during
Nasiruddin’s reign.
Medieval History of Haryana
Ulugh Khan (Balban)
l Balban (1266-1287 AD) was originally named
Bahauddin. He was a slave of Iltutmish. In
1266 AD, Balban sat on the throne of Delhi in
the name of Ghiyasuddin Balban. He protected
Delhi from the Mongol invasion and also tried
to bring about a comprehensive improvement
in the disorganised state of Haryana.
l Balban was conferred the title of Ulugh Khan
by Nasiruddin Mahmud. Balban destroyed the
Mewat forests, so that the Mewati rebels could
not hide in these forests.
l After a long battle Balban defeated the Mewatis
through his huge army. Balban built fort in
Gopalgir to establish peace in Mewat.
l Balban established military posts by
establishing Afghan posts at places like
Narnaul, Kanod, Sonipat, Thanesar, Hansi,
Barwala and Dhatrat.
l Balban established new iqtas like Sonipat,
Kaithal, Shivalik etc to establish control over
civil administration.
l Shamsuddin Kayumars was the last Sultan of
the Slave dynasty.
Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)
l In 1290 AD, Jalaluddin Feroz Khilji, who was
the iqtedar of Kaithal iqta, became the Sultan
of Delhi Sultanate.
l He made Kilokhari his capital. The major
rulers of the Khilji dynasty were as follows :
Alauddin Khilji
l In 1296 AD, Jalaluddin’s nephew and
son-in-law, Alauddin Khilji (1296-1316 AD),
became the Sultan of Delhi after killing
Jalaluddin.
l In 1305 AD, Mongols invaded Haryana during
the reign of Alauddin Khilji. Nanak, the Hindu
General of Alauddin Khilji, stopped the
Mongol army between Hansi and Sirsa.
39
l During the reign of Alauddin, Hakim Ghazi
Malik of Dipalpur revolted and reached Sirsa,
but was stopped by Khusro Shah’s army.
l According to Amir Khusro, after capturing
Sirsa and Hansi, Ghazi Malik went to
Lahrawat via the route of Madina, Rohtak,
Mandoni and Palam. After conquering
Lahrawat, he made Haryana under his
jurisdiction.
Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah
lQutbuddin Mubarak Shah (1316-1320 AD)
became the ruler after the death of Alauddin.
Qutbuddin fell victim to a conspiracy, after
which Nasiruddin Khusro Khan became the
Sultan of Delhi on 15th April, 1320 AD.
lDuring the reign of Mubarak Shah, all the
iqtedars became independent one by one and
their power started increasing.
Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1412 AD)
l In 1320 AD, after defeating Nasiruddin
Khusro Khan’s army, Ghazi Malik took
control of Delhi Sultanate.
l Ghazi Malik became the first Tughlaq Sultan
of Delhi, bearing the name of Ghiyasuddin
Tughlaq. The major rulers of the Tughlaq
Dynasty were as follows:
Muhammad Shah Tughlaq
lAfter Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
(Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq) (1325–1351 AD),
Muhammad Shah became the Tughlaq ruler.
lDuring his reign, the iqtas of Delhi, Hansi
and Sirsa were very prominent. Muhammad
Shah adopted a policy like Alauddin Khilji for
administrative control.
lPeople started rebelling against the policies of
Muhammad Shah Tughlaq. People of many
areas of Haryana like Kaithal, Samana,
Sunam, Gahram etc stopped giving revenues
to him.
40
Firuz Shah Tughlaq
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388 AD)
became the ruler after the death of
Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq.
l He was the son of Hindu Princess of Dipalpur.
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq in his book
Futuhat-e-Firozshahi had given a detailed
description of destroying Gohana’s Shiva
temple, burning religious books of Hindus
and spreading religious violence.
l During the reign of Firuz Shah Tughlaq, there
were many revolts in Hisar and Safidon, over
which the Sultan got control through his army.
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq forced many Hindus to
become Muslims along with the Mewatis of
Haryana.
l He re-stablished Hisar as Hisar-e-Firoza.
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq established Fatehabad city
a few kilometers from Hisar. After the name of
his son Fateh Khan. He established a third
city, Ferozabad Harni Kheda, 12 miles from
Sirsa.
▲ A VIEW OF GUJRI MAHAL BUILT BY FIRUZ SHAH TUGHLAQ
Know Your State Haryana
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq also established cities like
Hisar, Firozabad, Firozpur and Faridabad.
Firuz Shah Tughlaq used to spend most of his
time in Hisar. He also established a fort Firoz
Shah Palace in Hisar. The fort had four gates -
Delhi Gate, Nagauri Gate, Mauri Gate and
Talaki Gate.
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq had built the Gujari
Mahal in Hisar for his beloved Gujri.
l According to historian Afiq, Firuz Shah
Tughlaq replaced Hisar-e-Firoza as iqta in
place of Hansi and included the area up to
Hansi, Agroha, Fatehabad and Saloda of
Sarasuti (Sirsa) in it.
l Firuz Shah Tughlaq directly took possession of
the area between Hisar and Fatehabad, such as
Jind, Tughlakpur, Dhatrat.
l The names of several Feroz-Iktadars are
mentioned in Tarikh-i-Muhammadi.
Prominent among them were Yalkhan of
Safidon (Tughlaqpur), Tajuddin Turk of
Rewari and Bahadur Nahar Mewati of
Mewat.
Medieval History of Haryana
l In 1388 AD, after the death of Firuz Shah, a
civil war started for power in Delhi, in which
Nasiruddin was successful.
Nasiruddin Mahmud
lNasiruddin Mahmud Tughlaq (1394-1412
AD) was the last ruler of Tughlaq Dynasty. He
was the grandson of Firuz Shah Tughlaq. His
rule was left only up to Delhi.
lNasiruddin Mahmud Tughlaq was an unfit
ruler. He made Indri and Karnal a joint iqta
and handed it over to Amir Khabas Khan.
Timur Lang
l In 1398 AD, Timur Lang (1336-1405 AD)
invaded India. He entered Haryana via the
Ghaggar river after destroying Bhatner
(present Hanumangarh).
l According to Timur’s autobiography
Malfuzat-i-Timuri, Timur had reached Delhi
during the invasion of India via Sirsa,
Fatehabad, Tohana, Munak, Kaithal, Asangha
and Panipat.
l After the invasion of Timur, the foundation of
the Tughlaq Empire became weaker. Anarchy
spread everywhere and areas were becoming
independent.
l Jalal and Hasan Khan emerged as the two most
powerful kings of South-Western Haryana
among the independent princely states.
Sayyid Dynasty
l Before returning to Delhi, Timur made his
commander Khizr Khan as the Governor of
Lahore Multan and Dipalpur. In 1414 AD,
Khizr Khan defeated Daulat Khan and
captured Delhi and founded a new dynasty
which is known as Sayyid dynasty.
l Khizr Khan died on 20th May, 1421 AD.
After the death of Khizr Khan, his son
Mubarak Khan assumed the title of Shah. He
also established the city of Mubarakabad on
the banks of the Yamuna.
41
l Jasrath Khokhar invaded the present Haryana
region during the time of Mubarak Shah, in
which Mubarak Shah’s empire suffered
extensive damage. In 1433 AD, after the death
of Mubarak Shah, his successor Muhammad
Shah ascended the throne.
l Alauddin Alamshah was the last Sultan of the
Sayyid Dynasty. The Sayyid Dynasty ruled for
about 37 years.
Lodi Dynasty (1451–1526 AD)
l After the fall of Sayyid Dynasty, Bahlul Lodi
established the Lodi dynasty. He dominated
Haryana during his reign (1451-89 AD).
l During the reign of Bahlul Lodi, the revolt of
Tatar Khan Yusuf, Mukti of Hisar and Lahore
was considered more important among the
rebellious muktas. During the Lodi period
Muktas were provincial chief or officials
responsible for law and order and collection of
taxes in their iqtas.
l There was a war between Tatar Khan Yusuf
and Prince Nizam Khan near Ambala. Nizam
Khan was a worthy prince of the Royal Army.
In this war Tatar Khan Yusuf, was defeated.
l After the defeat of Yusuf. Nizam Khan was
appointed as Mukti of Hisar. Narnaul was
under Ibrahim Sur and Omar Khan was the
Mukti of Shahabad and Payal. Matthi Khan
Sur was the head of a small estate near
Hansi-Hisar region.
l In 1489 AD, Nizam Khan (Sikander Lodi),
son of Bahlul Lodi, ascended the throne of
Delhi with the title of Sultan Sikander Shah.
l At the time of Sikander Lodi, Shikdar of
Shamshabad, Thanesar and Shahabad Pargana
was Mian Emad.
l Shikdar of Jalesar and Indri Pargana was
Suleiman. Mahavan Pargana was under Ali
Khan and Jhajjar was under Usman.
l At the time of Sikander Lodi, the ruler of
Hansi region was Sheikh Syed, the ruler of
Panipat area was Dariya Khan and Hassan
Khan was the Governor of Mewat.
42
l In 1517 AD, Ibrahim Lodi ascended the
throne after the demise of Sikander Lodi.
Ibrahim Lodi is considered as the last Sultan of
Delhi Sultanate.
l Ibrahim Lodi imprisoned some of his brothers
in the fort of Hansi. He misbehaved with the
Muktis of Indri and Karnal, due to which they
turned against him.
l In April 1526 AD, Ibrahim Lodi was
defeated by Babur in the First Battle of
Panipat. The tomb of Ibrahim Lodi is located
in Panipat.
Mughal Empire and
Haryana (1526–1707 AD)
l The Mughal dynasty was founded by Babur.
He was a resident of Fargana in Central Asia.
l In 1526 AD, Babur invaded Haryana. At the
time of this invasion, Hamid Khan, the
Shikdar of Hisar-Firoza, also faced Babur’s
forces, but he was unsuccessful.
l At the time of Babur’s arrival Jalal Khan, was
the ruler of Tawadu (present day Rewari).
Babur and First Battle of Panipat
l The First Battle of Panipat was fought between
the last ruler of Lodi dynasty, Ibrahim Lodi
and the ruler of Kabul, Babur on 21st April,
1526 in which Babur defeated Lodi.
l After this Battle of Panipat, Mughals not only
established their rule over Haryana but also
over the whole country.
l In the first Battle of Panipat, Babur used
Tughluma Warfare Policy and Artillery for
the first time.
l Ibrahim Lodi, the last Sultan of the Delhi
Sultanate, was probably the first ruler of the
medieval period who was killed in a battlefield.
Know Your State Haryana
Babur and Haryana Region
l In November, 1526 AD, Babur appointed
Timur Sultan (Chagatai), Ahmed Parwanchi,
Abul Fatah Turkman, and Mujahid Khan of
Multan to suppress the rebellion of Afghan
leader, Hamid Khan Sarangwani, near
Hisar-Firoza.
l Hassan Khan Mewati was a rebel leader
against Babur in Mewat. Babur faced Mewati
warriors on 17th March, 1527 AD.
l Hassan Khan Mewati led these Mewati
warriors.
Mewatis had been defeated in this war and
l
Hassan Khan Mewati and his warriors were
killed in the battlefield.
l After the Battle of Khanwa, Babur possessed
the title of Ghazi. He also possessed the title
of Kalandar for his generosity.
l To manage the administration systematically,
Babur divided the conquered territories of
Haryana into 4 governments (districts) i.e.
Delhi Government, Mewat Government,
Hisar Government and Sirhind Government.
l Babur handed over Narnaul to Ahsan Timur
and Shamshabad to Bugra Sultan.
l Many revolts took place during the last days of
Babur’s rule and the most terrible revolt took
place in 1530 AD in Kaithal.
l In 1530 AD, during the last years of Babur’s
reign, Mandhar Rajputs of Kaithal, rebelled
under the leadership of Mohan Singh
Mandhar (the ruler of Mandhar region).
l To suppress the rebellion of Mandhar Rajputs,
Babur sent Sirhind’s Governor Alikuli
Hamdan, but he was defeated.
l Babur again sent an army under the leadership
of Taram Beg and Naurang Beg, which
defeated Mandhar Rajputs.
Medieval History of Haryana
Humayun
l After the death of Babur on 26th December,
1530 AD, Humayun ascended the throne and
he gave the Government of Mewat to his
brother Hindal Mirza and Hisar and Sirhind
to Kamran Mirza.
l In 1540 AD, Sher Shah defeated Humayun in
a war and established Afghan rule on Delhi.
Sher Shah was an Afghani invader and a
mighty warrior.
l Sher Shah was born in Narnaul in 1486 AD,
to Hassan Khan. He allowed the entire
Haryana region to be in four governments
(Delhi, Mewat, Hisar and Sirhind).
l After the death of Sher Shah, his son Islam
Shah became the ruler of Delhi. His
successors failed to rule over Delhi, due to
which Humayun re-established his power in
Haryana and Delhi in 1555 AD. Humayun
died on 26th January, 1556 AD.
Second Battle of Panipat
l After the death of Humayun, Akbar became
the Emperor of Mughal Empire in 1556 AD.
l On 5th November, 1556 AD, the Second
Battle of Panipat took place between Hemu
and the forces of Mughal Emperor, Akbar, in
which Hemu was defeated and killed by
Mughal army.
l Hemu was the last Hindu ruler to ascend the
throne of Delhi.
Hemchandra (Hemu)
l
In medieval history, Hemchandra was considered
as a brave warrior. Hemu was a resident of Rewari in
Haryana.
l
Hemu was the Prime Minister of Adil Shah. Due to
the disqualification and inability of Adil Shah,
Hemu took all the rights of Adil Shah under his
control.
l
On 7th October, 1556 AD, Hemu established
himself on Delhi’s throne with the title of Maharaja
Vikramaditya and became Hindu Emperor of
Delhi.
43
Akbar
l Akbar was born in October 1542 AD in the
Palace of Rana Virsal in Amarkot.
l Akbar divided his territory into 15 provinces to
govern the state in a well-organised manner. At
that period, there were 70 Parganas and 5
Governments i.e.
(i) Sarkar-e-Dilli
(ii) Sarkar-e-Rewari
(iii) Sarkare-e-Hisar-Firoza
(iv) Sarkar-e-Mewati
(v) Sarkar-e-Hind.
l During Akbar’s reign, a large part of Haryana
came under the Delhi Province.
l Rewari, Hisar, Sirhind and Saharanpur in
Haryana came under the Delhi Province, while
Tijara, Narnaul and Sahar came under Agra
Province.
l Akbar introduced the new land system named
as Confiscation System, which was
implemented in only 8 provinces, including
Delhi Province.
l The state of Haryana used to come under the
Delhi Province.
Jahangir
l In 1605 AD, Jahangir became the ruler of the
Mughal Empire after Akbar’s death.
l Jahangir maintained the administrative system
implemented by Akbar in Haryana.
l Jahangir developed mass facilities in Haryana.
With the aim of providing facilities to the
passengers, several inns were built.
l All the travellers who came to Haryana during
the reign of Jahangir described it as a
prosperous and well-governed state.
l Jahangir planted a large number of trees in
Haryana in the first year of his rule.
l A war took place between Jahangir and his son,
Khusro, at Bherawal.
44
Shah Jahan
l In 1627 AD, after Jahangir’s death, his son
Shah Jahan became the ruler of the Mughal
Empire.
l Shah Jahan made some important
administrative changes during his reign.
l Shah Jahan created a new unit of administration
Chakla. Chakla was made by mixing some
parganas together.
l Mention about Hisar Chakla is found from
the reign of Shah Jahan.
l At that time, Kriparam was appointed as the
ruler of Hisar Chakla.
l For administrative facilities, Shah Jahan
separated the governments of Tijara and
Narnaul from Agra Province and included
them in Delhi Province.
l Shah Jahan had special affection with
Thanesar, because Shah Jahan's religious leader
Sheikh Chehli resided here.
l Shah Jahan’s eldest son Dara Shikoh had a
special attachment with the state of Haryana.
▲ SHEIKH CHEHLI TOMB BUILT BY DARA SHIKOH
Know Your State Haryana
l He used to spend most of his time in Palwal
near Faridabad. Siphar Shikoh, the eldest son of
Dara Shikoh was also born in Palwal.
l Feroz Khan Mewati, the famous Chieftain of
Mewat, continued to serve Dara Shikoh.
While Dara Shikoh was residing in Palwal, he
also had the foreclosure of Hisar-e-Firoza.
l Dara Shikoh also considered Sheikh Chehli as
his mentor.
l After the death of Sheikh Chehli, Dara
Shikoh built the Tomb of Sheikh Chehli in
Thanesar, also known as the Taj Mahal of
Haryana.
Aurangzeb
l After Shah Jahan, his son Aurangzeb became
Emperor of Delhi in 1658 AD and put Shah
Jahan in jail. He was religiously staunch
(orthodox).
l After becoming the ruler, Aurangzeb imposed
many taxes and committed religious atrocities
towards the people of Haryana.
Medieval History of Haryana
l In Haryana, Aurangzeb had to face the army
of Meo under the leadership of Savlia Meo
(resident of Sanhola). Savlia Meo used
guerrilla technique against Aurangzeb’s army.
l Aurangzeb appointed Hathi Singh Badgurjar
as the administrative officer of Rewari region.
Jat Revolt in Mughal Period
During the Mughal rule, the rise of Jats in the
Southern-Eastern part of Haryana is considered a
historical event. Veer Gokula unified the Jats during
Aurangzeb’s reign and they revolted in 1669 AD.
In 1670 AD, Rajaram took over the leadership of Jats
after the death of Gokula. Like Gokula, Rajaram also
opposed the Mughals. In 1688 AD, Jat soldiers led by
Rajaram attacked Akbar’s Tomb and destroyed it, but
Rajaram got killed by the Mughals.
After Rajaram his nephew Chudaman became his
successor. After the death of the Mughal ruler
Aurangzeb, the Mughal ruler Bahadur Shah accepted
the political existence of the Jats under the leadership
of Chudaman and also gave recognition to the state
of Bharatpur.
After Chudaman’s death (20th October, 1721), his son
Badan Singh consolidated the Bharatpur kingdom
and Surajmal excelled the glorious kingdom of
Bharatpur. Surajmal is known as Plato of Jats.
Due to his strength and ability, Surajmal hoisted the
flag of Bharatpur on prominent areas like Mewat,
Rohtak and Jhajjar.
On 12th December, 1763 Surajmal, with the help of
his son Jawahar Singh, took over the fort of
Farrukhnagar.
After conquering the Farrukhnagar Fort, Surajmal
attacked the Mughal Commander Najibad-Daulah,
but Surajmal was killed in this war.
Jawahar Singh took over the Jat Empire after
Surajmal, but in his time, Mewat, Farrukhnagar,
Jhajjar, Bharatpur were separated from the empire.
After the death of Jawahar Singh, Nawal Singh took
over the responsibility of the Bharatpur Empire, but
by that time the Bharatpur Empire had moved
towards its downfall.
Mughals and Revolt of Satnamis
l This revolt took place in 1672 AD, in Narnaul,
between Tahir Khan and Satnamis. In this
revolt, Tahir Khan was defeated and Narnaul
was possessed by the Satnamis.
45
l The Satnamis completely ended the Mughal
rule in Narnaul.
l On 15th March, 1672 AD, a large army led by
military chieftain Prince Mohammad Akbar,
Hamad Khan and Yahia Khan Kamaluddin
was sent to Narnaul , as a result the Satnamis
were defeated.
Later Mughal Period
and Haryana
Revolt of Banda Bairagi
(Banda Bahadur)
l After the death of Aurangzeb on 3rd March,
1707 AD, many revolts arose in various regions
of Haryana. Taking advantage of this, Banda
Bairagi rebelled against the Mughals in
1709-10 AD. During the rebellion, he made
Sihrikhanda village near Sonipat as his
headquarters.
l Banda Bairagi renounced himself and took the
path of war at the behest of Guru Gobind
Singh.
l Through the rebellion, he had conquered the
area of Sonipat, Kaithal, Thanesar, Sirhind,
Shahabad and Kunjpura.
l On 22th May, 1710 AD, Banda Bahadur
killed Vazir Khan, the Faujdar of Sirhind and
took over Sirhind. He made Sirhind as the
headquarters of the new state won in the war.
l Banda Bahadur was defeated in the battle
between Karnal and Indri on 26th October,
1710 AD.
l After this, Feroz Khan Mewati defeated Banda
Bahadur in the Battle of Taraori.
l Banda Bahadur built his new headquarters at
Sadhaura in Yamunanagar.
l After Farrukhsiyar’s attack, Banda Bairagi
came to the fort of Lohagarh. In 1715 AD, the
Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar killed Banda
Bairagi.
46
Ahir Rulers of Rewari
l Ahir rule was established in Rewari by
Nandram, an Ahir of Garhi-Belna village,
during the period of Aurangzeb.
l After him Balakishan became the ruler of
Ahirs. Mughal Emperor, Muhammad Shah
gave him title of Shamsher Bahadur by
influencing from his bravery.
l At the time of Nader Shah’s invasion in 1739
AD, Balakishan supported Muhammad Shah.
In this war Balakishan was killed. After this,
Gujaramal became the ruler of Rewari.
l Gujaramal received the post of Faujdar by
Muhammad Shah. Gujaramal incorporated
Hisar, Hansi, Narnaul, Jhajjar and Dadri in his
kingdom. Rao Gujaramal made Gokulgarh as
his capital.
l After Gujaramal’s assassination by Bahadur
Singh, his son Bhavani Singh became the ruler
of Rewari. His states were taken away by the
rulers of Jhajjar, Jaipur and Farrukhnagar. His
empire was limited to 23 villages.
Invasion of Nader Shah
(Battle of Karnal)
l On 24th February, 1739, a battle between the
forces of Nader Shah, an Iranian ruler and
Muhammad Shah ‘Rangila’, the Mughal
Emperor took place at Karnal in which the
Mughals suffered a decisive defeat.
l In this war, Rao Balakishan, the then ruler of
Rewari, also supported the Mughal forces.
l In this war the Mughal Emperor Muhammad
Shah gave Koh-i-Noor diamond to Nader Shah
after which he left Delhi.
l After Nader Shah’s invasion, Faridabad was
annexed by Jat ruler Surajmal of Bharatpur and
Narnaul and Kanod (Mahendragarh) regions
were annexed by Raja Madho Singh.
l Asadullah Khan took over Tawadu, Bahadur
Khan took over Bahadurgarh and Hassan Ali
took over the reign of Jhajjar.
Know Your State Haryana
l Some parts of Kurukshetra and Karnal (about
150 villages of Indri, Pipli, Azimabad and
Shahabad Parganas) were ruled by Najawat
Khan. The capital of Najawat Khan was
Kunjpura.
l The rulers of Bhatti clan, Muhammad Amir
and Hasan Khan, captured Fatehabad, Rania
and Sirsa. Along with this, Panipat and
Sirhind of the state were ruled by Qutb Shah.
Ballabhgarh Principality
l During the reign of the Mughal ruler
Farrukhsiyar, Jats of Ballabhgarh in Haryana
considered Chaudhary Gopal Singh as their
chieftain. His influence was immense on the
Delhi-Agra route.
l Charan Das, son of Chaudhary Gopal Singh,
also did not accept the subjugation of the
Mughals. Charan Das’s son Ballabh Singh
consolidated his position from Faridabad to
Delhi. Ballabh Singh built the Ballabhgarh
Fort and made it headquarters of his rule.
l On 29th November, 1753 AD, Ballabh Singh
was killed by Akibat Khan during a battle
with the combined forces of Ahmad Shah
Abdali and the Marathas. Thereafter Akibat
Khan established the suzerainty over the
Ballabhgarh Fort and changed its name to
Nizamgarh.
l Ballabh Singh’s successor regained control of
Ballabhgarh a few years later through the
support of Surajmal.
The Emergence of Maratha and
Sikh Powers
l In the 18th century, the emergence of
Maratha power took place in South India.
Emperor Alamgir gifted Kurukshetra to the
Marathas on 15th October, 1754, to avoid a
situation of war between the Mughals and the
Marathas.
Medieval History of Haryana
l The Marathas invaded the Mughals in the late
18th century. At the time of the Maratha
invasion, the rulers of Rohtak and Hisar and
the Ahir rulers of Rewari were defeated.
l The Marathas occupied the whole of Haryana
in 1756-57 AD.
l In 1756 AD, Ahmad Shah Abdali’s army
entered India. Abdali defeated Adina Begh and
took the whole of Northern Haryana under
the authority of the Sirhind Government.
l He invaded Faridabad on 1st February, 1757
AD. In April 1757 AD, Ahmad Shah Abdali
left India.
Third Battle of Panipat
l Maratha forces besieged Panipat on 1st
November, 1760 AD and Maratha chieftain
Sadashiv Rao Bhau and Vishwas Rao also
came there with their forces.
l On 14th January, 1761 AD, the third Battle of
Panipat took place between the Afghan
invader Ahmad Shah Abdali and the Maratha
forces.
l In this war, the Commander of the Marathas
was Sadashiv Rao Bhau. Maratha soldiers were
defeated in this battle. After this battle, the
decline of the Maratha Empire started.
l Before returning to Afghanistan, Abdali
handed over the area of Jind, Ambala,
Kurukshetra and Karnal to Zain Khan, who
was the then Governor of Sirhind.
l The remaining other areas were occupied by
Mughal Commander Najib.
l Kala Amb site of Haryana is associated with
the Third Battle of Panipat.
Authority over Haryana by
Najib ad-Dawlah
l Ahmad Shah Abdali accepted Rohilla chieftain
Najib ad-Dawlah as the ruler of Delhi. After
returning of Ahmad Shah Abdali,
47
Najib ad-Dawlah captured all of Haryana
beyond the areas of Panipat. He remained its
ruler till the end.
l In January 1764 AD, the Sikhs defeated the
Durrani Governor of Sirhind, Zain Khan and
took over the region from Ambala,
Kurukshetra, Jind and Karnal to Panipat.
Along with this, Surajmal took over Mewat,
Rohtak and Jhajjar.
l In 1764 AD after Surajmal’s death,
Najib ad-Dawlah took over Sonipat, Mewat
and Farrukhnagar.
l After the death of Najib-ad-Dawlah in 1770
AD, his son Jabit Khan ascended the throne,
but he could not succeed in ruling.
Najaf Khan and Haryana
l After Marathas left Delhi, Najaf Khan
ascended the throne of Delhi. During his
reign, he seized Rewari, Jhajjar Gurugram
from Jats; Kanod and Narnaul from Rajputs;
Sonipat, Rohtak and Bhiwani from Bilauch;
Hisar and Sirsa from Bhattis, Karnal and
Ambala from Sikhs.
l After the death of Najaf Khan, Najaf Quli
Khan became an independent ruler and started
governing from Gokulgarh.
l This created an atmosphere of chaos in
Delhi. To deal with this situation, the then
Mughal ruler Shah Alam had to take help
from Mahadji Scindia the Scindia ruler of
Gwalior.
Mahadji Scindia and Haryana
l Mahadji Scindia was the ruler of the Maratha
Empire. He was expelled from Delhi by the
Union of many rulers in 1787 AD.
l In 1789 AD, Mahadji Scindia attacked on
Delhi and imprisoned Ghulam Qadir and
killed him.
48
l Mahadji Scindia accepted the proposal of the
Mughal ruler Shah Alam and established the
suzerainty over entire Haryana region by
defeating the Sikhs, Bhattis, Najaf Quli Khan
and other regional rulers who had
established dominance in various regions
of Haryana.
l Mahadji Scindia divided the state into four
districts to properly administer his conquered
territory.
These districts were:
(i) Dehli District This district included the
capital and its adjacent area.
(ii) Sonipat District This district included
Northern Haryana between Karnal and
Delhi.
(iii) Hisar District This district included parts
of Hisar and Rohtak districts.
(iv) Nuh District This district included areas
of Gurugram, Rewari, Narnaul and
Kanod.
l After the death of Mahadji Scindia in 1794
AD, he was succeeded by Daulat Rao Scindia,
who was an unfit ruler.
l Daulat Rao Scindia was defeated in the second
Anglo- Maratha War.
l He accepted the Treaty of Surjiarjan village
with the British in 1803 AD. According to this
treaty, Scindia had to surrender the state of
Haryana to the British.
George Thomas and Haryana State
l He was born in 1756 AD in Ireland in a
simple family.
l In 1782 AD, George Thomas reached Madras
(presently Chennai) as a sailor. After coming
to India, he was appointed as an artillerist by
Nizam.
l George Thomas was an Irish mercenary. He is
also known as Jahazi Sahib in Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
l He joined the military force of Begum Samru
of Sardhana (Meerut) in 1787 AD and
married her daughter, after which he was
handed over the estate of Tappal.
l In 1793 AD, he worked for Appa Khande
Rao, a Maratha Chieftain under Maharaja
Mahadji Scindia of Gwalior state. He was
then given the responsibility of Mewat
Province.
l Thereafter, Khande Rao made him the
administrator of the Jagir of
Jhajjar-Pataudi. After this, the Parganas of
Panipat, Sonipat and Karnal were also handed
over to George Thomas as Jagirs.
l After attaining Jagirs, his ambition increased
further and he established an independent
state.
l In 1794 AD, he plundered Bahadurgarh and
Jhajjar.
l In 1794 AD at the call of Sahib Kaur (Bhag
Singh’s sister), the combined forces of Patiala,
Nabha, Thanesar and Ladwa forced George
Thomas to leave Jind and Thomas returned to
Hansi. He plundered Patiala and defeated the
Bhattis of Sirsa.
l Marathas, Paro and Sikhs were astonished by
the growing influence of George Thomas.
All of them unite
and trapped George
Thomas near Jhajjar
but he managed to
escape.
l In 1797 AD, George
Thomas made Hansi
Fort as his capital.
Apart from this,
he occupied the
large tracts of
Gurugram, Rohtak,
Sonipat, Hisar and
Bhiwani.
▲ GEORGE THOMAS
Medieval History of Haryana
l The state formed by George Thomas consisted
of 14 Parganas and 253 villages. In addition,
the Marathas also gave 5 Parganas to George
Thomas which included 151 villages.
l By the time of 1798 AD, George Thomas had
800 villages. He then took possession of the
villages of Hansi, Hisar, Bhiwani, Fatehabad
and Georgegarh (Jahazgarh), and had around
1200 total villages with him.
l He established a mint at Hansi and introduced
coins in the name of Sikka-e-Sahib.
l With the aim of establishing an independent
kingdom and also to expand it, George
Thomas attacked the Sikh ruler of Jind,
Maharaja Bhag Singh in 1798 AD.
49
l George Thomas could not face the Sikhs and
had to retreat from Jind, but due to his
stubborn nature, he again attacked and took
possession of Jind.
l The Battle of Narnaund took place in March
1799 AD between the Sikhs and Hansi ruler
George Thomas in the village of Narnaund,
situated between Hansi and Jind.
l In January, 1801 AD, George Thomas
surrendered towards the French General
Bougain. Bougain established his sovereignty
over the whole kingdom of George
Thomas and allowed him to enter British
India. George Thomas died near Baharampur
in 1802 AD.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Haryana was under the rule of which 10. Which of the following regions is known as
dynasty when the Ghaznavis attacked the ‘Bhadra region’?
North-West of India? [HSSC 2021] (a) Kurukshetra-Hisar region
(a) Tughlaq (b) Pushyabhuti (b) Rohtak-Hisar region
(c) Gupta (d) Tomar (c) Rewari-Bhiwani region
2. In which year, Mahmud of Ghazni invaded (d) None of the above
Thanesar? 11. Who was the ruler of Haryana and Delhi at
(a) 1004 AD (b) 1006 AD the time of the invasion of Ghori?
(c) 1009 AD (d) 1012 AD (a) Prithviraj-III (b) Arnoraj
3. Which of the following places was said to be (c) Vigraharaja-IV (d) None of these
the important centre of Hindus in the book 12. At which place battles were fought between
of Al-Biruni? [PGT 2016] Muhammad of Ghor and Prithviraj
(a) Thanesar (b) Karnal Chauhan in 1191 and 1192 CE?
(c) Hathnikund (d) Surajkund [Haryana Clerk Exam 2016]
4. Masud of Ghazni defeated which Tomar (a) Gharaunda (b) Taraori
ruler in 1037 CE? (c) Panipat (d) Kurukshetra
(a) Tejpala (b) Kumarapala Dev 13. Who won the first Battle of Taraori (Tarain)?
(c) Vigrahapala (d) Anangpala [Patwari, Tax Inspector 2016]
5. Who built Surajkund near Faridabad? (a) Balban (b) Hemchandra
(a) Anangpala-II (b) Tejpal (c) Prithviraj Chauhan (d) Qutb-ud-din Aibak
(c) Kumarapala (d) Vigrahapala
14. Taraori, where the first Battle of Tarain,
6. Who was the ruler of Haryana during the took place, is located in which place of
invasion of Ibrahim, the ruler of Ghazni? Haryana?
(a) Kumarapala (b) Vigrahapala (a) Kurukshetra (b) Karnal
(c) Tejpal (d) None of these (c) Hansi (d) Hisar
7. Who assumed the title ‘Maharajadhiraj 15. After whose defeat Agroha region became a
Parameshwara Shri’? part of a Muslim ruler in the Second Battle
(a) Arnoraj (b) Tejpal
of Tarain? [TGT 2015]
(c) Kumarapala (d) Vigrahapala
(a) Prithviraj-I (b) Prithviraj-II
8. Which Chauhan ruler captured Delhi and (c) Prithviraj-III (d) Prithviraj-IV
Hansi?
(a) Vigraharaj-IV (b) Ajayraj 16. Who became the representative of
(c) Arnoraj (d) Vigrahapala Muhammad of Ghor after the Second Battle
of Tarain?
9. Which of the following parts was related to (a) Razia Sultan (b) Iltutmish
Bhadanaka people? (c) Qutb-ud-din Aibak (d) None of these
(a) Gurugram
(b) Mahendragarh 17. Who founded ‘Slave dynasty’ in 1206 AD?
(c) Alwar (a) Iltutmish (b) Qutb-ud-din Aibak
(d) All of the above (c) Ruknuddin (d) Razia Sultan
Medieval History of Haryana 51

18. Which of the following was the capital of 28. Which General of Alauddin Khilji stopped
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the founder of Slave the Mongol army between Hansi and Sirsa?
Dynasty? (a) Angad (b) Nanak
(a) Lahore (b) Delhi (c) Lakshman (d) Ranjit
(c) Agra (d) Lucknow 29. Who became the first Tughlaq Sultan of
19. During the rule of which ruler of Slave Delhi?
dynasty, Kubacha, the ruler of Punjab and (a) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
Yaldoz, the ruler of Ghazni, invaded (b) Muhammad Shah Tughlaq
Haryana region? (c) Ferozshah Tughlaq
(a) Razia Sultan (d) Nasiruddin Mahmud
(b) Qutb-ud-din Aibak 30. Who became the ruler of Tughlaq Dynasty
(c) Iltutmish after Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq?
(d) Ruknuddin
(a) Muhammad Shah Tughlaq
20. Which of the following was prominent Iqtas (b) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
during the reign of Iltutmish? (c) Nasiruddin Mahmud
(a) Delhi, Narnaul (b) Rewari, Sirsa (d) None of the above
(c) Hansi, Palwal (d) All of these 31. Due to whose unsatisfactory policies
21. During Iltutmish’s reign which iqta was farmers of many places of Haryana stopped
considered the most important from giving revenue to that ruler?
military and economic point of view? (a) Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq
(a) Delhi (b) Hansi (b) Balban
(c) Narnaul (d) Rewari (c) Ghazi Malik
(d) Razia Sultana
22. In which place of Haryana, Razia Sultan
and her husband, Altunia were captured 32. The first Revolt of Kaithal, which was
and killed? Peasant revolt, took place in whose reign?
(a) Rewari (b) Kaithal (a) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
(c) Sirsa (d) Hansi (b) Muhammad Shah Tughlaq
(c) Nasiruddin Mahmud
23. Balban was the slave of which ruler of Slave
(d) None of the above
dynasty?
(a) Razia Sultan (b) Balram Shah 33. Firuz Shah established the city ............. .
(c) Masood Shah (d) Iltutmish [Haryana Clerk Exam 2019]
(a) Gurugram (b) Agroha
24. Which title was conferred to Balban by
(c) Fatehabad (d) Hisar
Nasiruddin Mahmud?
(a) Mewat Khan (b) Padam Khan 34. Fatehabad was founded after whose name?
(c) Umar Khan (d) Ulugh Khan [Panchayat Officer 2016]
(a) Fateh Khan (b) Shah Jahan
25. Who constructed the Gopalgir Fort on the
(c) Firuz Shah (d) Pushyabhuti
border of Delhi-Gurugram?
(a) Razia Sultana (b) Iltutmish 35. Firuz Shah Tughlaq founded which city of
(c) Qutb-ud-din Aibak (d) Balban Haryana? [Auction Recorder 2016,
Haryana Patwari Exam 2015]
26. Who was the last Sultan of Slave dynasty? (a) Mewat (b) Hisar
(a) Iltutmish (c) Mahendragarh (d) Jhajjar
(b) Razia Sultan
(c) Ulugh Khan (Balban) 36. Fatehabad district derives its name from its
(d) Shamsuddin Kayumars
headquarters town, which was established
by ............ in 14th century, after his son
27. Jalauddin Feroz Khilji, the founder of Khilji Fateh Khan.
dynasty, made which place his capital? [Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018]
(a) Sonipat (b) Kilokhari (a) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (b) Alauddin Khilji
(c) Gopalgiri (d) Hansi (c) Firuz Shah Tughlaq (d) None of these
52 Know Your State Haryana

37. At which place Firuz Shah Tughlaq built 47. During the invasion of Babur, who was the
Gujari Mahal for his beloved Gujri? Shikdar of Hisar-Firoza?
(a) Hisar (b) Sirsa (a) Ghazi (b) Kalandar
(c) Hansi (d) Jhajjar (c) Chagatai (d) Momin
38. Against which ruler a revolt took place in 48. Who ascended the throne after the death of
the village of Gohana? [TGT 2016] Babur?
(a) Balban (b) Firuz Shah Tughlaq (a) Akbar (b) Humayan
(c) Babur (d) Alauddin Khilji (c) Islam Shah (d) Ibrahim Lodi
39. Who was the last ruler of Tughlaq Dynasty? 49. Which of the following ruler of Haryana was
(a) Nasiruddin Mahmud famous by the name ‘Hemu’?
(b) Firuz Shah Tughlaq [Haryana Clerk 2016]
(c) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (a) Hemchandra Vikramaditya
(d) Muhammad Shah Tughlaq (b) Muhammad of Ghor
(c) Harshavardhana
40. Timur Lang’s invasion took place in which
(d) Akbar
place of Haryana? [Bus Conductor 2017]
(a) Tohana (b) Sirsa 50. Which was the famous battle fought in
(c) Fatehabad (d) All of these Haryana? [HSSC Head Office Cadre 2020]
(a) Battle of Panipat (b) Kalinga War
41. Who was the founder of Sayyid dynasty?
(c) Battle of Pullalur (d) Battle of Kappam
(a) Khizr Khan (b) Mubarak Shah
(c) Alauddin Alam Shah (d) Muhammad Shah 51. The second Battle of Panipat took place in
which year between the Mughal forces of
42. At the period of Sikander Lodi, who was the
Akbar and Hemu? [HSSC 2017]
Shikdar of Shamshabad, Thanesar and
Shahabad Parganas? (a) 1526 AD (b) 1556 AD
(c) 1192 AD (d) 1911 AD
(a) Mian Emad (b) Ali Khan
(c) Suleiman (d) Sheikh Syed 52. The second Battle of Panipat was fought
43. At the time of Sikander Lodi, who was the
between ............... . [HSSC 2017]
ruler of Hansi region? (a) Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi
(a) Hasan Khan (b) Sheikh Ashraf (b) Abdali and Maratha
(c) Sheikh Syed (d) Dariya Khan (c) Hemu and Akbar
(d) Maharana Pratap and Akbar
44. Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi is located at ........... .
53. Who was the last Hindu ruler of Haryana to
[HSSC 2017]
ascend the throne of Delhi?
(a) Pinjore (b Gurugram
(c) Rewari (d) Panipat (a) Harshavardhana (b) Hemchandra
(c) Rao Tularam (d) Mohan Singh
45. In 1526 AD, the first Battle of Panipat was
fought between .............. . [HSSC 2017] 54. Akbar divided his territory into how many
subahs?
(a) Akbar and Ibrahim Lodhi
(a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 15 (d) 20
(b) Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi
(c) Humayun and Ibrahim Lodhi 55. During Akbar’s reign Tijara and Narnaul
(d) Akbar and Hemu came under which province?
46. Who was against Babur in the First Battle (a) Delhi Province (b) Agra Province
of Panipat? [Haryana Clerk 2015] (c) Awadh Province (d) Jaipur Province
(a) Rana Sanga 56. Who built several inns for passengers in
(b) Rana Kumbha Haryana during Mughal period?
(c) Ibrahim Lodi (a) Jahangir (b) Sher Shah
(d) Ahmad Shah Abdali (c) Humayun (d) Babur
Medieval History of Haryana 53

57. Which Mughal ruler created a new unit of 64. The Battle of Karnal took place in which
administration ‘Chakla’? year? [HSSC 2015]
(a) Jahangir (b) Humayun (a) 1723 AD (b) 1789 AD
(c) Akbar (d) Shah Jahan (c) 1756 AD (d) 1739 AD
58. The tomb made after the death of Sheikh 65. The Battle of Karnal was fought between
Chehli also known as ‘Taj Mahal of .............. . [HSSC 2020, 18]
Haryana’ was made by (a) Nader Shah and Shah Alam
(a) Shah Jahan (b) Dara Shikoh (b) Nader Shah and Muhammad Shah
(c) Firuz Shah (d) Ahmad Shah (c) Shah Alam and Muhammad Shah
(d) Nader Shah and Aurangzeb
59. Who became Mughal ruler after Shah
Jahan? 66. The third Battle of Panipat took place in
(a) Akbar (b) Sher Shah which year? [HSSC 2020, 17]
(c) Band Bairagi (d) Aurangzeb (a) 1526 AD (b) 1556 AD
(c) 1761 AD (d) 1739 AD
60. Who was known as ‘Plato of Jats’?
(a) Rajaram (b) Veer Gokula 67. The third Battle of Panipat took place
(c) Chudaman (d) Surajmal between Ahmad Shah Abdali and
[Station Supervisor 2016]
61. Satnamis revolt took place in which year? (a) Hemu (b) Maratha rulers
(a) 1526 AD (b) 1556 AD (c) Babur (d) Muhammad of Ghor
(c) 1600 AD (d) 1672 AD
68. Which place is related to the third Battle of
62. Banda Bairagi renounced his retirement Panipat? [HSSC 2017]
and took the path of war at the behest of (a) Salarganj Gate (b) Kos Minar
which Guru? [HSSC 2017] (c) Kabuli Bag (d) Kala Amb
(a) Guru Teg Bahadur
69. During 1789-1794 AD, Delhi and Haryana
(b) Guru Arjan Dev
were under the rule of ............. .
(c) Guru Gobind Singh
(a) Mahadji Scindia (b) Madhav Rao Scindia
(d) Guru Nanak Dev
(c) Rajaji Scindia (d) Raja Umed Singh
63. Ahir rule was established at which place of 70. Who among the following is popularly
Haryana during the period of Aurangzeb? known as ‘Jahazi Sahib’ in Haryana?
(a) Hisar (b) Ballabhgarh (a) Mahadaji Scindia (b) Apa Khande Rao
(c) Rewari (d) Kurukshetra (c) George Thomas (d) Hemchandra

Answers
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (d)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (d) 25. (d) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (a)
31. (a) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (d)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (b) 48. (b) 49. (a) 50. (a)
51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (b) 54. (c) 55. (b) 56. (a) 57. (d) 58. (b) 59. (d) 60. (d)
61. (d) 62. (c) 63. (c) 64. (d) 65. (b) 66. (c) 67. (b) 68. (d) 69. (a) 70. (c)
CHAPTER 03
Modern History of
Haryana
l After the death of George Thomas, the East India
Company moved forward to the Haryana region.
l The British East India Company came to India as
a trading company, but it soon became a political
power by taking advantage of the political
instability and anarchy in India.
l Under the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon on 30th
September, 1803, Daulat Rao Scindia ceded
Haryana to the British East India Company.
Rule of British East India
Company in Haryana
l After acquiring Haryana, the British East India
Company included it under the Bengal
Presidency and divided it into two parts for
administrative and political reasons in 1805.
l The smaller part which was called the Assigned
Territories was kept directly under the control of
the Company.
l The British divided the larger part and handed
over to various local rulers who were powerful
and faithful to the Company. Raja Hira Singh,
the ruler of Ballabhgarh and Nawab of
Farrukhnagar got their old territories back.
l The British gave out the Pataudi Pargana
(Sub-division), to Faiz Khan, Loharu and
Firozpur-Jhirka to Ahmad Baksh Khan and 87
villages of Istamrari Jagir in Rewari Pargana to
Rao Tej Singh.
l Besides this, the British implemented many
policies in Haryana like social and political
policies and Mahalwari system.
l Along with this, Murtaza Khan was given
the Pargana of Hodal and Muhammad Ali
was given the Pargana of Palwal.
l Rohtak, Meham, Beri, Hisar, Hansi, Agroha,
Barwala, Jamalpur and Tosham Parganas
were handed over to Bambu Khan, but
Bambu Khan faced a public uprising.
l Due to the mass uprising, these parganas
were given to Ahmad Baksh, but due to the
same uprising he also had to leave the
manor.
l Thereafter, Abdul Samad Khan was
appointed as the administrator of these
parganas, but the mass uprising did not
calm down. Ultimately the responsibility of
these parganas was handed over to Nawab
Muhammad Ali Khan.
l Guru Dutt Singh, the ruler of Ladwa
(located in Northern Haryana) and Bhanga
Singh, the ruler of Thanesar, revolted
against the British by forming a Union of
Sikh rulers.
l A fierce struggle ensued between British
Commander Colonel Burn and the Sikh
confederates, in which the ruler of Budiya,
Sher Singh, died.
Modern History of Haryana
l The powers of the Sikh Confederacy came to
an end after Guru Dutt Singh was defeated
in a battle fought between Guru Dutt Singh
and Colonel Burn on 20th April, 1805 in
Karnal.
l Revolts against the British continued in
Southern Haryana as well. People also
stopped paying taxes. The British took a long
time to suppress the rebellion in the region
due to guerrilla warfare.
l It took the British 7 years to establish control
over the Mewat region. After this rebellion
was suppressed, the control of company
administration was established over Southern
Haryana.
l The Bhatti rulers of Sirsa and Fatehabad in
the Western part of Haryana also refused to
accept the subjugation of the British.
l In 1809 AD, Colonel Adams forced the two
rulers to surrender in a fierce struggle. After
the struggle, the kingdom of Sirsa and Rania
was given back to Jabita Khan, but the
Princely State of Fatehabad was taken away
from Bahadur Khan.
Administrative Changes in
Haryana by the British
In 1819, the Company made administrative
reforms and appointed a Commissioner under
the name of Resident and provided him some
political powers. The British also divided the
ceded part into three sub-divisions which
were :
(i) Northern Area It consisted of Rohtak,
Hisar, Panipat and Sonipat.
(ii) Central Area It consisted of Delhi
region.
(iii) Southern Area It consisted of Rewari,
Gurugram, Hodal, Palwal and Mewat.
l Haryana was made a part of the
North-Western province by British rule in
1833-34 AD and Agra was made as its centre.
55
Major Revolts Against the East
India Company
Revolt of Chhachhrauli (Jagadhri)
lThe ruler of the Princely State of Chhachhrauli
was Karora Singhia Misl, Baghel Singh. This
Princely State was spread over 63 sq km in
Ambala region.
lAfter the death of Baghel Singh in the year
1809 AD, there was no successor. Thus, the
king of the Princely State of Kalsia and the
eldest Chief of the Karora Singhia Misl, Jodh
Singh, took over his reign.
lBaghel Singh’s widow ‘Rani Ramkaur’ sought
the assistance of the British to remove Jodh
Singh.
lThe British assisted Rani Ramkaur and
Chhachhrauli was attacked by the English army
on the orders of David Octer Loni, the English
Resident of Delhi.
lOn arrival of the British army, Jodh Singh
retreated and the Princely State of Chhachhrauli
was given to Rani Ramkaur.
lRani Ramkaur was not a good ruler, hence, in
1818 AD, Jodh Singh again, captured
Chhachhrauli.
lBritish army attacked Chhachhrauli under the
leadership of Brigadier General Arnold. Jodh
Singh revolted against the British army along
with the people of Chhachhrauli, but was
defeated and the Princely State of Chhachhrauli
was merged into the British kingdom.
Revolt of Rania
lIn 1810 AD, Jabit Khan, the ruler of the Princely
State of Rania in Hisar district accepted the
subjugation of the British. The British returned
him the Princely States of Rania and Sirsa, but he
defied the Company’s orders.
lAs a result, in the war of Rania, the Company
defeated Jabit Khan in 1818 AD and took over
the Princely State of Hisar under British rule.
56
The Peasant Uprisings in Rohtak,
Gurugram and Hisar
lThere was a widespread dissatisfaction among
the farmers of Haryana due to the harsh way of
recovering goods by the British. Hence, in 1824
AD after the defeat of British in Burma war, the
peasants started the revolt.
lThe government treasuries and banks were
plundered (looted). The people of Bhiwani
started attacking army vehicles.
lMaharaja Suraj Mal gathered the rebels and
started fighting, but the English army defeated
the peasants and tortured them.
Revolt of Jind
lIn 1813 AD, due to the Paralysis attack Bhagat
Singh, appointed his son Pratap Singh as the
Executive ruler of the Princely State of Jind, but
the British made Rani Saudrahi as the
administrator. On 23rd June, 1814, Pratap
Singh established his power by killing the Rani.
lAfter the arrival of the British army, Pratap
Singh went to the Banawali Fort, which was
included under the region of Ranjit Singh.
lIn 1819 AD, after the death of Bhag Singh,
Fateh Singh became the king of Jind and in
1822 AD, he was succeeded by his 11-year-old
son Sangat Singh after his death.
lSangat Singh was succeeded by his own cousin
Sarup Singh, who was engaged in the lordship
of the British. Thus, the Company established
its control over Jind firmly.
Banawali Revolt
lIn 1835 AD, after the death of Sangat Singh,
the British took over all his territory. Hence, the
people of Banawali revolted under the
leadership of Gulab Singh Gill, the
brother-in-law of Pratap Singh.
lIn March, 1835 AD, British officers attacked
Gulab Singh Gill. Gulab Singh Gill was killed
in the war and Gulab Singh’s widow Maisul
Rani and son Dal Singh were arrested.
Know Your State Haryana
Kaithal Revolt
lThis Princely State, located in Northern
Haryana is considered important. In 1763
AD, Gurbaksh Singh laid the foundation of
this Princely State.
lDesa Singh, the successor of Gurbaksh
Singh, had liberated Kaithal from the
invasion of the Afghans, but Desa Singh’s son
Lal Singh accepted the subordination of the
British.
lAfter the death of Lal Singh, his son Pratap
Singh (in 1818 AD) ascended the throne.
Thereafter in 1823 AD, Pratap Singh’s
brother Uday Singh took over the reign of
Kaithal State.
lIn 1843, after the death of Kaithal ruler
Uday Singh, the ruler of the Princely State of
Arnoli, Gulab Singh asserted his authority
over Kaithal, but it was not accepted by the
British Government.
lThe Rani of Uday Singh, Surajkaur and
mother Sahiba Kaur wanted to protect the
Princely State. On 23rd March, 1843 AD,
the British ordered the Princely State
to be handed over to the East India
Company.
lOn 10th April, 1843 AD, the English army
led by Officer Clarke surrounded Kaithal.
Rani Sahiba Kaur and Surjkaur along with
the people of the Princely State fought with
the British army.
lKaithal was annexed by the British on 16th
April, 1843 AD with the help of the rulers of
Jind, Patiala and Nabha.
Ladwa Revolt
lSardar Singh founded the state of Ladwa in the
Northern part of Haryana in 1763 AD.
lIn 1803 AD Gurudutt Singh became the
ruler of the Princely State of Ladwa, who was
against British policies. Gurudutt Singh was
succeeded by his son Ajit Singh.
Modern History of Haryana 57

l Ajit Singh was a tough opponent of the Revolt of 1857 and Haryana
British. Therefore, inspite of having no basis,
he was declared a rebel and put in Saharanpur The revolts which took place in Haryana during
jail in 1845 AD. 1857 are discussed below :
l Ajit Singh ran away from prison in the year Revolt in Ambala
1845-46 AD and fought several battles with l In Haryana the revolt of 1857 was first started
the British and arrested the British General in Ambala. The Sepoy mutiny of Meerut
Henry Smith. However during this period he which started on 10th May, 1857, reached
died and his Princely State was merged into the Ambala Cantt in Haryana on 13th May, 1857.
British kingdom. l The soldiers of Ambala Cantonment planned
Principalities Annexed by the British to loot the armory and march towards Delhi,
East India Company but a soldier named Sham Singh informed the
Name of Year of Reason for British authorities about this plan.
Principalities Annexation Annexation l This agitated the British and they beset the
Chhachhrauli 1818 Incapablity of Rani Ram Kaur, Indian soldiers and forced them to surrender.
interference of Jodh Singh

Rania 1818 Revolt by Nawab Jabit Khan

Revolt in Gurugram
l On 13th May, 1857, a group of 300 soldiers
Ambala 1824 Death of Daya Kaur,
widow of Raja Gurbaksh Singh marched from Delhi towards Gurugram.
William Ford, the English Collector, tried to
Radaur 1828 Death of Indra Kaur,
widow of Raja Dayal Singh
stop them, but he failed. The soldiers looted
the government treasury of Gurugram.
Dayalagarh 1829 Death of Mai Daya Kaur,
widow of Raja Bhagwan Singh
l Rao Tularam, along with his brother Gopal
Dev, organised the Ahirs and fought against
Thanesar 1832 Death of Raja Jamiyat Singh
(2/5th Part of without successor
the British at a place called Nasirpur.
Bhagal Singh) l Ahmad Ali of Farrukhnagar and Nahar Singh,
Bufaul 1838 Death of Raja Harnam Singh the last ruler of Ballabhgarh also joined the
without successor revolution, but they were accused of having
Kaithal 1843 Death of Raja Uday Singh
relations with the British.
without successor l In June 1857, Major Aden, the English
Chalaudi 1844 Death of Ram Kaur, Resident of the state of Jaipur, attempted to
widow of Raja Baghel Singh suppress the Mewati rebellions with a large
contingent and artillery.
Ladwa 1845 Revolt by Raja Ajit Singh
l Many revolts took place in Sohna and Tawadu
Thanesar 1850 Death of Chand Kaur,
(3/5th Part of widow of Raja Fateh Singh
in Haryana. In the end, Major Aden had to
Bhagal Singh) return.
Halahar 1850 Death of Raja Fateh Singh Revolt in Rohtak
without successor l In Rohtak, the revolt began at the end of May,
Dayalagarh 1851 Death of Mai Sukhan, 1857. The revolt was started in Rohtak by
(Part of widow of Raja Bhagwan Singh courageous Ranghars. The British control on
Mai Sukhan)
Rohtak almost ended.
58
l The British sent an army from Ambala to
control Rohtak, but his army also rebelled.
l In August 1857, a contingent led by
Hudson fought against Subedar Birasat
near Rohtak at Kharkhoda in which the
Subedar was defeated.
l The ruler of Jind assisted Hudson. Hudson
captured Rohtak and merged it with Jind,
but he had to return to Delhi due to the
weak position of the British.
Revolt in Hisar and Sirsa
l The revolt was started in Hisar in May,
1857. The military troops of Haryana
Light Infantry rebelled in their camps
located in Hisar, Sirsa and Hansi.
l In the leadership of General Warne
Courtland, the English army from
Ferozepur faced the revolutionaries.
l In June, 1857, a battle took place between
the British and the revolutionaries under
the leadership of the Noor Mohammad
Khan, Nawab of Udha village.
l In this battle the English Army defeated
the revolutionaries. After this, British army
tortured the people of a village named
Chatravan. The people of this village killed
an English Officer Hilard.
l The British also tortured the people of
Khirka village and set the village on fire.
l Hukamchand and Munir Beg led
revolutionaries in Hansi. When the British
army was not successful, the General
Courtland led the army himself and forced
the revolutionaries to return back.
l But the revolutionaries did not give up and
they revolted against the army till the third
week of September.
l After the British took over Delhi, the
revolution in this region was suspended.
Know Your State Haryana
Revolt in Thanesar
l The revolt of 1857 also took place in Thanesar,
located near Panipat and Kurukshetra. Imam Ali
Kalandar led the revolt in Panipat. Here people
had almost eliminated the effect of the English
administration.
l The main GT Road which connected Punjab and
Northern India to Delhi was passed through
Patiala, Kunjpura, Jind and Karnal regions.
l Therefore, the British tried to maintain rights over
this area. The British tried to suppress the revolt
in this area with the help of their supporters, but
in the beginning the British were defeated.
l The English army also attacked in Karnal due to
the rebellion. In this attack the British were
defeated badly and ran away.
l In a struggle between British army and
revolutionaries near Panipat, the British Officer
General Ansen died.
l During the revolt of 1857, the whole of Haryana,
except Ambala, was liberated from the influence
of British rule by the end of May.
l The local rulers and people finally accepted the
subjugation of the Mughal Emperor Bahadur
Shah Zafar and devoted themselves to compliance
with his orders.
Leaders of the Revolt of 1857 in Haryana
Region Place Leader
Gurugram No leader
Mewat Sadruddin (Farmer)
Ahirwal Tularam (Main Feudal Lord)
Palwal Gafur Ali (Trader), Harsukh Rai
(Farmer)
Gurugram Faridabad Dhanu Singh (Farmer)
Ballabhgarh Nahar Singh (Main Feudal Lord)
Farrukhnagar Ahmad Ali (Main Feudal Lord,
Ghulam Muhammad
(Government Employee)
Pataudi Akbar Ali (Main Feudal Lord)
Modern History of Haryana 59

Region Place Leader 1. Pro-Revolutionary Princely States

Panipat Imam Ali Kalandar (Maulvi) Jhajjar, Ballabhgarh, Farrukhnagar,
Panipat Karnal No Leader Bahadurgarh, Mewat, Rewari and Hansi, were
Jalmana No Leader the Pro-British Princely States. These are
Kharkhoda Bisarat Ali (Farmer, Risaldar)
discussed below:
Sampla Sabar Khan (Farmer) Jhajjar
Dujana Hasan Ali l The Princely State of Jhajjar was spread about
Rohtak
(Main Feudal Lord) 1230 square miles in 1857. It was the largest
Dadri Bahadur Jang (Feudal Lord) Princely State. Abdurrahman Khan had
Jhajjar Abdul Ahmed (General of authority over this Princely State since 1845.
Nawab of Jhajjar), Abdul l After the revolt of 1857, Abdurrahman was
Rahman (Main Feudal Lord) prosecuted and he was hanged on 23rd
Bhattu Muhammad Azam December, 1857 at the Red Fort in Delhi.
(Government Employee)
l The areas of Bawal, Kanti and Kanina in the
Hansi Hukumchand Sourthern region of Jhajjar Princely State were
(Government Employee)
Hisar given to Raja Nabha and the area of Narnaul
Rania Noor Muhammad Khan was given to the Raja of Patiala.
(Main Feudal Lord)
Loharu Aminuddin Ballabhgarh
(Main Feudal Lord) lThe Princely State of Ballabhgarh was spread
Thanesar No leader about 190 square miles in 1857.
Thanesar
Ladwa No Leader l The Yamuna river was situated on one side of
Delhi Khas Bahadur Shah Ballabhgarh Princely State and Mewat region
Delhi (Main Feudal Lord) on the Southern side. The remaining border of
Sonipat No Leader this Princely State was annexed by the English
Ambala No Leader
state.
Ambala Ropar Mohan Singh
l During the Revolt of 1857, Nahar Singh was
the ruler of this Princely State.
Jagadhri No Leader
l After the Revolt of 1857, Nahar Singh was
Role of Principalities in the arrested on 6th December, 1857 and taken to
Revolt of 1857 the Red Fort in Delhi, where he was trialed.
There are a number of factors for the failure of
l Raja Nahar Singh was sentenced to death by a
the 1857 Revolt such as non-cooperation of Special Court. Nahar Singh was hanged at
Princely States, insufficient arms along with lack Chandni Chowk in Delhi on 9th January,
of leadership. At the time of the revolt, there were 1858.
mainly three types of Princely States in Haryana Farrukhnagar
and they were: lThe Princely State of Farrukhnagar was spread
1. Pro-Revolutionary Princely States about 22 square miles in 1857. It was a small
2. Pro-British Princely States state. During the Revolt of 1857, Ahmad Ali
3. Neighbouring Princely States Ghulam Khan was the ruler of Farrukhnagar.
60
l After the Revolt of 1857, Ahmad Ali Ghulam was
arrested on 22nd October, 1857 and put on trial
at the Red Fort in Delhi.
l The President of the Military Commission,
Brigadier General Shawarz sentenced Ahmad
Ali to death. Ahmad Ali Ghulam was hanged
on 23rd January, 1858 at Chandni Chowk,
Delhi.
Bahadurgarh
lDuring 1857 Bahadurgarh was the smallest
(about 48 square miles) Princely State of Haryana
region. Bahadurgarh’s old name was Sarrafabad.
The area of Dadri and Bahadur garh were
included under this Princely State.
lNawab Bahadur Jung was the ruler of this
Princely State at the time of the Revolt of
1857. After the Revolt of 1857, the British
deported him to Lahore, where he also received
` 1,000 as annual pension.
Mewat, Rewari and Hansi
lAt the time of the Revolt of 1857 , the
Princely State of Mewat was taken over by the
British. Nawab Sadruddin Mewati was the
ruler of this Princely State.
lRao Tularam, Rao Krishna Gopal and Rao
Gopal Dev led the revolt of 1857 in Rewari.
lDuring the revolt of 1857, Lala Hukamchand
led the revolt in Hansi, who was hanged in
front of his house after the revolt.
2. Pro-British Princely States
Jind, Loharu, Chhachhrauli, Pataudi, Dujana,
Karnal, Sampla-Asanda, Kunjpura were the
Pro-British Princely States . These are discussed
below:
Jind
l Jind Princely State was founded in 1763 AD by
Gajpat Singh, Grandson of Phool Singh, the
founder of Phulkian Misl.
Know Your State Haryana
l The principality was spread over 376 square
miles. This Princely State spread in both
Haryana and Punjab states. At the time of the
revolt of 1857, this was the most prominent
Princely State of Haryana.
l Gajpat Singh built a huge fort in Jind.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the son of his
sister.
l Bhag Singh became the ruler of the Princely
State of Jind after Gajpat Singh and Ranjit
Singh. During the Second Anglo-Maratha
War, Bhag Singh assisted the British.
l Bhag Singh was succeeded by Pratap Singh,
who was an opponent of the British. In 1814
AD, Pratap Singh revolted against the British.
The British arrested him with the help of
Ranjit Singh. He died in imprisonment in
1816 AD.
l Fateh Singh and Sangat Singh became rulers
after Pratap Singh. Sangat Singh died at a
young age. After this, Sarup Singh became
the ruler in 1834 AD, who was the supporter
of the British. Sarup Singh was the ruler at
the time of the 1857 revolt.
l After the revolt, the area of Dadri was given
to Sarup Singh as a reward. Sangrur and
Kurlana were included in the Jind state.
Loharu
l This Princely State was established in Hisar
district of Haryana in 1827 AD. This Princely
State was located between Bikaner and Jaipur
Princely States of Rajputana.
l This principality was spread over 225 square
miles. Samsuddin Khan, the eldest son of the
trusted British military Chief Ahmad Baksh
Khan, became the ruler of Loharu.
l However, due to the charge of killing William
Fraser, a resident of Delhi in 1835 AD, the
British sentenced Samsuddin to death and
also took over the region of Ferozepur-Jhirka.
Modern History of Haryana
l After Samsuddin Khan, his brother
Aminuddin Ahmad Khan took over the
reign of the Princely State. The famous poet
Mirza Ghalib was the son-in-law of Nawab
Aminuddin Ahmad Khan.
l Alauddin Ahmad Khan, was first conferred
with the title of Nawab. At the time of the
Revolt of 1857, he was the ruler of this
principality. He started communication
with the British at the beginning of the
revolt.
Chhachhrauli (Kalsia)
l This Princely State was located near the
Yamuna river in the Northern region of
present day Haryana.
l At the time of the Revolt of 1857, the ruler
of this Princely State was Shobha Singh. He
took loan from Jagadhri’s moneylender and
gave it to the British.
l Shobha Singh’s son Lahna Singh, along with
the British, conducted several campaigns.
Pataudi
l After the Second Anglo-Maratha War in
1803 AD, the East India Company gave 40
villages and Pataudi town to Faiz Talab
Khan, as reward in return for assisting them
in the war.
l Faiz Talab Khan laid the foundation of the
Princely State of Pataudi in 1805 AD.
l This Princely State was spread over 75
square miles between Rohtak and
Gurugram districts. Pataudi was a Pargana
under the Rewari Government during the
Mughal rule.
l Faiz Talab Khan (1804-29 AD) assumed the
title of Nawab in 1805 AD.
l At the time of the 1857 Revolt, Akbar Ali
was the Nawab of this Princely State. Akbar
Ali was given additional villages of Jatauli
and Sherpur.
61
Dujana
lThis Princely State, located in Jhajjar district of
Haryana, was founded by a Yusufzai Pathan
named Abdul Samad Khan in 1806 AD.
lIt is village about 6 km from Beri (Jhajjar). This
principality was spread over 100 square miles.
Between 1803 and 1805 AD, the ruler of this
region assisted the British due to which it became
a Princely State.
lAbdul Samad had served as Risaldar of Maratha
Sardar Baji Rao Peshwa. Abdul Samad assisted
the British during the Scindia-English struggle, as
a result of which he was given 24 villages. He
organised these 24 villages into a Princely State.
lHe became the first ruler of his Princely State in
1806 AD. In 1825 AD after the death of Abdul
Samad, Muhammad Dunde Khan ascended the
throne.
lDuring the Revolt of 1857, the ruler of this place
was Dunde Khan. Dunde Khan was given the
villages of Berli and Chowki in Rewari as a reward.
Karnal
lIn 1847 AD, the British rescheduled the tax of
Karnal. During the revolt of 1857, the ruler of
Karnal was Ahmad Ali Khan. He gave all his
rights to the British.
lKarnal was the most important place for the
British for the defense purpose. The British
appointed Ahmad Ali as the Assistant
Commissioner to run the administration of
Karnal district and his family members were
given pension.
Sampla-Asanda
l This Princely State was situated between
Rohtak-Bahadurgarh. The ruler of this Princely
State was Mirza Ilahibaksh. He played an
important role in thwarting the Revolt of 1857.
l He used to inform the British about the actions
of the revolutionaries. He had reported to the
British about the hiding place of Bahadur Shah
Zafar in the tomb of Humayun.
62
Kunjpura
l This Princely State was located East of Karnal
towards Yamuna river. At the time of the Revolt
of 1857, the Nawab of Kunjpura fully supported
the British.
l Thanesar and its surrounding areas were given to
the Nawab of Kunjpura by the British. Apart
from this, the Nawab was also given the
responsibility of Thanesar-Pehowa road.
3. Neighbouring Princely States
l Besides these Princely States, there were also
some neighbouring Princely States, which played
an important role in the region of Haryana. With
the help of these Princely States, the British
re-established their authority in Haryana.
l The role of these Princely States in the Revolt of
1857 is discussed as follows :
Patiala
l This Princely State was more widespread in
Northern Haryana. This Princely State had close
ties with Jind. This Princely State was also
supported by Kaithal and Arnoli.
l The British were highly pleased with the military
activities of this Princely State.
l During the Revolt of 1857, the rulers of the
Princely State of Patiala provided extensive
assistance to the British Government. In return
for this assistance, the Narnaul region of
Mahendragarh district was given to the ruler of
Patiala as a reward.
Nabha
l This Princely State was located near Patiala. The
British were assisted by the Sikh rulers of the
Princely State of Nabha during the Revolt of
1857 AD.
l In return, the British gave the Bawal area of
Rewari district and the Kanina and Atteli areas of
Mahendragarh district to the Sikh rulers as
rewards.
Know Your State Haryana
Bikaner
l This Princely State was mainly located in
Western Haryana. The revolt began in this
region in the last week of May.
l This Princely State had an important role in
the suppression of the revolution of Western
Haryana.
Jaipur
l This Princely State had an important role in
Southern Haryana. At the beginning of the
Revolt of 1857 during the incidents
Gurugram, Mewat and Ahirwal, the British
went to the Princely State of Jaipur for their
protection.
Suppression of the Revolt of
1857 by British in Haryana
lAfter suppressing the 1857 Revolt in Delhi,
the British moved towards Haryana.
lBritish General Van Cortland was
appointed to suppress the revolution in
Tosham. Cortland suppressed the
revolutionaries near Hansi.
lCaptain Pearson suppressed the
revolutionaries near Hisar and Rohtak.
lDeputy Commissioner McNeill suppressed
the revolutionaries in the Thanesar region.
lDelhi’s Assistant Commissioner Kilford
suppressed the revolt from Delhi to Sohna
region.
lAfter Kilford’s death, Brigadier General
Shavers attacked Mewat, in which Jhajjar
Nawab Abdur Rahman Khan surrendered
to the Shavers at Chhuchnakwas.
lAfter the invasion of Jhajjar, Shavers
attacked Farrukhnagar. Nawab Ahmad Ali
of Farrukhnagar surrendered without
fighting.
lAfter Shavers, Colonel Gerrard suppressed
the revolt emerging in Mewat.
Modern History of Haryana
l After suppressing revolt in Mewat Colonel
Gerrard faced a joint rebellion in Narnaul by
Prince Muhammad Azim Beg of Hisar,
General Samad of Jhajjar and Rao Tularam.
The English army was victorious in this war.
l The main reasons behind the failure of 1857
revolt in Haryana were lack of leadership,
insufficient weapons, etc. and lack of internal
cooperation of ruling principatity.
Administrative and Political
Effects of 1857
l The 1857 revolt had a major impact on the
administrative and political system of
Haryana. In the Charter Act of 1858, the
jurisdiction of North-West Haryana was
included in the Punjab Province.
l From the administrative point of view, the
Haryana region was divided into two
divisions, Delhi Division and Hisar Division.
l The headquarters of the Delhi Division was
Delhi. This division included Delhi,
Gurugram and Panipat districts.
l The headquarters of the Hisar Division was
Hisar. Hisar, Sirsa and Rohtak districts were
included under this division. The
administration of each district was under the
Deputy Commissioner.
l The rulers of Bahadurgarh did not participate
in the revolt, but their Princely States were
taken away. The Princely States of Dujana,
Pataudi and Loharu were granted concession.
l The rulers of the Princely States of Jind, Nabha
and Patiala supported the British during the
revolution, for which they were rewarded.
l Sarup Singh, the ruler of the Princely States of
Jind, was given the entire Princely State of
Dadri and some Parganas of Kanod of
Mahendragarh as reward.
l The king of Nabha was given Kanti and
Bawal Parganas and the ruler of the Princely
State of Patiala was given a large tract of land
adjacent of Narnaul as a reward.
63
Native Principalities of Haryana
after the Revolt of 1857
Loharu Principality
l In the year 1935, there was a strong protest
against the misrule of Aminuddin Ahmad,
ruler of Loharu Princely State.
l On 8th August, 1935, Nawab Aminuddin
opened fire on a peaceful demonstration in a
village called Simhani, killing many people.
l After this incident his misrule was challenged
by establishing a Praja Mandal in the Princely
State. Subedar Dilsukh, Chaudhary Mohar
Singh, Pandit Satyavrat, Chaudhary
Chandgiram, Thakur Bhagwant Singh and Shri
Nathuram were involved in this protest.
l Continued Protests led to a compromise
between the Nawab and the agitators. After
independence, Loharu Princely State was
merged in Hisar district in the year 1947.
Jind Principality
l Sarup Singh, the ruler of Jind principality, died
in 1864. He was succeeded by Raghuvir Singh.
l After the death of Raghuvir Singh in 1887, his
grandson Ranvir Singh became ruler at a
young age. In the year 1911, Ranvir Singh was
conferred the title of Maharaja. The public was
not pleased with Ranvir Singh’s policies.
l In the year 1927, when the Praja Mandal was
formed for the independence of many Princely
States, the Jind State Praja Mandal was also
formed in Narwana in Jind against the policies
of Maharaja Ranvir Singh.
Pataudi Principality
lThe last ruler of the Princely State of Pataudi
was Nawab Iftikhar Ali Khan. He was also an
international level player of cricket, hockey and
billiards.
lNawab Iftikar Ali Khan was known by the
nickname Tiger in the world of sports. Nawab
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi was his successor.
He was also an international level cricket player.
64
l During the Quit India Movement in the year
1942, the people of the Princely State of
Pataudi revolted against Nawab Iftikhar Ali
Khan by forming a Praja Mandal under the
leadership of Gaurishankar Vaidya, Pt
Babudayal Sharma, Thakur Ram Singh and
Nand Kishore.
l The Nawab tried to suppress the demands of
Praja Mandal vigorously and imprisoned
Gaurishankar Vaidya. This increased public
resentment towards the Nawab. Hence, the
Nawab had to compromise with the Praja
Mandal under which the prisoners were
released.
l After independence, the Princely State of
Pataudi was merged into Gurugram district.
Dujana Principality
l Praja Mandal was also established in Dujana to
avoid the atrocities of the British and the
Nawabs of the Princely State of Dujana.
l The centre of the Dujana Praja Mandal was
Nahar near Kosli. It was headed by Rao
Devkaran Singh and Secretary Sardar Singh.
l Among the leaders of Praja Mandal, Pt
Hariram, Rao Nekiram, Pt. Tara Chandra,
Mahashya Ramjilal, Hakeem Mangaturam
were prominent. They started the Kar Na do
Movement.
l Nawab Muhammad Iqtadar Ali Khan of the
Princely State of Dujana, in spite of many
efforts, could not suppress the movement. The
Nawab finally had to bow before the public
movement. All the detained leaders were released.
l In March 1948, the Princely State of Dujana
was merged into Rohtak district.
Narnaul Region of Patiala Principality
l The Sikh rulers of Patiala Princely State gave
more importance to luxurious life as other
Princely rulers. The people of Narnaul had
become enraged by behaviour of the Patiala
rulers.
Know Your State Haryana
l Praja Mandal was formed in Narnaul in the
year 1945 keeping in view the public interest.
Rao Madho Singh, Ram Kishore, Ayodhya
Prasad, Kamala Devi, Ramcharanchand
Mittal, Shri Ram Kaushik and Matadin were
its main leaders.
l Patiala ruler tried his best to suppress the
movement, but did not succeed. After
independence, the Princely State of Patiala
along with Narnaul was merged with the
Union of India.
Bawal, Kanina and Atteli Regions of Nabha
Principality
l Pratap Singh was the last Maharaja of Nabha
Princely State. Pratap Singh imposed heavy
taxes on the people and lived a luxurious life.
The public was enraged by this behaviour of
Pratap Singh.
l Praja Mandal was formed in the year 1946
against Pratap Singh. A movement was
organised under the leadership of Praja
Mandal.
l The Slogan of the leaders was ‘Nabha Wale
Chhetro Ko Chhodo’ (leave the Nabha
regions). Pratap Singh was forced to
compromise with the agitators.
l After independence, the Princely State of
Nabha was merged with the Indian Union in
1948 and was known as Patiala.
Congress and National
Movement in Haryana
Congress
l Rai Bahadur Murlidhar established a branch
of Congress in Ambala in 1886 AD. Lala
Lajpat Rai came to Rohtak in 1884 with his
father, where his father, was a teacher.
l The first Session of the Congress was held in
Rohtak in October 1886 under the
Chairmanship of Turrabaz Khan. The
Principal Speaker of this gathering was Lala
Lajpat Rai.
Modern History of Haryana
l In the Second Session of Congress in Calcutta
in 1886 AD, three representatives of Haryana
participated, Deen Dayal Sharma from
Jhajjar, Babu Balmukund Gupt from Rohtak
and Lala Murlidhar.
l In 1887 Lala Lajpat Rai started the work of
Congress in Hisar and Rohtak. Hisar was the
center of social and political activities of Lala
Lajpat Rai.
l Besides Lala Lajpat Rai and Rai Bahadur
Murlidhar, other representatives of Haryana
who participated in various Congress sessions
were Deendayal Sharma, Balmukund Gupt,
Chhabildas, Shaadi Lal, Gaurishankar,
Dulichand, etc.
l In 1888 Rai participated for the first time as a
representative of Hisar Congress in the
Congress Session held in Allahabad.
l He also attended the Congress Session of 1889
in Mumbai with Babu Chudamani and
Gaurishankar. Lala Lajpat Rai is also
remembered as the founder of Arya Samaj of
Hisar (1886 AD). Lala Chandulal was the
head of Hisar Arya Samaj.
l In May, 1907, the Lieutenant Governor of
Punjab, Daniel Ibbetson, exiled Lala Lajpat
Rai, on the order of Lord Minto and sent him
to Mandalay prison in Burma. But due to
severe mass pressure, Lala Lajpat Rai was
released on 14th November, 1907.
Response of Haryana on
Morley-Minto Reforms
l Ambala became the main center of resistance
for Morley-Minto Reforms, where bombs were
thrown on the bungalow of Deputy
Commissioner on 27th December, 1909 as a
protest demonstration.
l The journalist of the state, Balmukund Gupt
had completely opposed the Morley-Minto
Reforms through his articles titled
Shivshambhu ka Chittha.
65
l In 1909, the Morley-Minto Reforms gave
permission to elect a member of Punjab
Legislative Assembly through the votes of
District Boards of Rohtak, Gurugam and Hisar.
l In this reform, the membership was confirmed
by including Ambala and Karnal districts with
Shimla.
Home Rule Movement
l The credit for propagating the Home Rule
Movement in Haryana goes to Pt Nekiram
Sharma. Pt Nekiram Sharma was particularly
impressed by the policies of Bal Gangadhar
Tilak.
l The British Government prohibited Tilak’s
arrival in Haryana. Nekiram Sharma is known
as Kesari of Haryana.
Rowlatt Act and Satyagraha
l On 11th February, 1919, a huge rally was or
ganised in Ambala, under the Chairmanship of
Sardar Jhanda Singh against the Rowlatt Act.
l On 28th February, 1919, protests against this
Act were also held in Hisar. On 30th March,
1919, there was a partial strike in Rohtak,
Karnal, Ambala and Panipat.
l A big conference was held in Rohtak against
the Rowlatt Act on 6th April, 1919.
l Mahatma Gandhi came to Haryana to oppose
the Rowlatt Act on the recommendation of
Swami Shraddhanand. Seeing the protest,
British Government arrested Gandhiji on 10th
April, 1919 in Palwal.
l Due to this, the railway functionaries attacked
the Bahadurgarh station on 14th April.
l On 19th April, 1919, the revolutionaries set
the store of 1/34 Sikh Pioneer Regiment of
Ambala Cantonment on fire.
l On 28th April, 1919, Congress leader and
noted Arya Samaji, Chaudhary Piru Singh was
arrested under the Defence of India rules.
l On 30th July, 1919, Gandhiji was arrested in
Hisar district.
66
Non-Cooperation Movement
l The first meeting related to Non-Cooperation
Movement was held in October, 1920 in
Panipat, Haryana, under the leadership of Lala
Lajpat Rai.
l Ambala Divisional Political Conference was
organised on 22nd October, 1920 at Bhiwani
under the Chairmanship of Lala Muralidhar.
l Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Maulana
Muhammad Ali, Shaukat Ali and Maulana
Azad participated in this conference.
l Mahatma Gandhi, while addressing about
8000 activists in Bhiwani, called the British
Government to be an evil government for the
first time.
l On 6-8th November, 1920, a conference was
also organised in Rohtak, but during this
conference, the Congress party split. The
Chairman of this conference was Pt. Ramraj
Dutt.
l Chaudhary Chhoturam and his supporting
leaders left the Congress party due to
differences over the provisions of opposition to
(This conference) the British Government in
the resolution of the Non-Cooperation
Movement.
l During the Non-Cooperation Movement,
prizes and medals were also returned by the
people of the state. Lala Murlidhar of Ambala
returned the honor of Raibahadur.
l This conference was attended by many leaders
like Mahatma Gandhi, Maulana Azad,
Maulana Shaukat Ali, Lala Dulichand, Devdas
Gandhi, Maulana Muhammad Ali, etc.
l Government Courts were boycotted by lawyers
and Gram Panchayats were formed. National
Courts were established in place of
Government Courts, but these did not prove
to be more successful.
l Gandhiji addressed a large gathering at
Bhiwani on 15th February, 1921, which was
presided over by Lala Murlidhar.
Know Your State Haryana
l In February, 1921, Mahatma Gandhi made a
special visit to the state with Lala Lajpat Rai,
Maulana Azad, Shrimati Kasturba Gandhi,
Pyare Lal Sharma and Jamnalal Bajaj to make
the Non-Cooperation Movement more
effective in Haryana.
l On 16th February, 1921, the Jat school was
opened in Rohtak by Mahatma Gandhi and
the National Education System was evaluated.
Gandhiji also addressed a huge gathering
under the Chairmanship of Chaudhary
Maturam Hooda in Rohtak.
l During the Non-Cooperation Movement, the
prominent leader of Haryana, Pt. Nekiram
Sharma was arrested and sent to jail. Most of
the agitators and satyagrahis arrested in the state
were kept in Ambala jail.
l The government carried out brutal atrocities
on the agitators. Several leaders from Rohtak
district, such as Pt. Shriram Sharma,
Chaudhary Harphool Singh, Daulatram
Gupta, Baldev Singh, Pt Janardan Sharma and
from Hisar district such as Lala Lajpat Rai, Pt
Nekiram Sharma, Lala Gokalchand, KA Desai,
were arrested.
l Lala Ganpat Rai, Lala Hukamchand, Lala
Deshbandhu Gupt in Karnal and Lala
Dulichand, Mohammad Shamimullah, Lala
Murlidhar and Pt Aryanand Sharma in
Ambala were arrested.
Swaraj Party
l Swaraj Party was more popular in Haryana. Its
leaders were Lala Dulichand in Ambala, Lala
Ganpat Rai in Karnal, Nekiram Sharma and
Babu Shyamalal Satyagrahi in Hisar, Pt
Rupnarayan in Gurugram and Shriram
Sharma in Rohtak.
l Shriram Sharma launched a newspaper called
Haryana Tilak on 18th March, 1923 to
promote the party. Shubh Chopra published a
newspaper named Swaraj from Gurugram.
Modern History of Haryana
l After the death of Chittaranjan Das on 16th
June, 1925, the disintegration of the Swaraj
Party started. The freedom fighter of Haryana,
Chaudhary Chhoturam, formed the Unionist
Party along with Punjab’s Muslim leader, Mian
Fazle Hussain.
l Lala Lajpat Rai together with Pt. Nekiram
Sharma formed an independent Congress
Party. This party supported the Unionist Party
candidates in the elections of 1926. Later, the
Swaraj Party merged with the Congress Party.
Protest Against Simon Commission
l The Simon Commission faced a severe protest
in the districts of Rohtak, Jhajjar, Bhiwani
and Ambala in Haryana.
l Lala Lajpat Rai got injured and died during
this protest in Lahore city of Punjab, on 14th
November, 1927, due to which there was more
outrage in Punjab-Haryana.
Civil Disobedience Movement
l Gandhiji started his historic Dandi March
with 78 elected Satyagrahis on 12th March,
1930. Lala Surajbhan of Ambala was amongst
these Satyagrahis.
l The people of Haryana broke the Salt Law by
making salt in Rohtak, Jhajjar, Ambala,
Panipat and Bhiwani. Khadag Bahadur, who
was a representative of Gandhiji, visited
various areas of the province and propagated
the Satyagraha among the people.
l Many women participated in this movement
in Ambala under the leadership of Lala
Dulichand’s daughters Vidyavati, Yashoda and
Jamna. The peasants launched the ‘Kar Mat
Do’ Movement.
l The agitators led by Sarojini Naidu launched a
non-violent revolt at the Dharsana Salt Depot
in which the Haryana agitators also took part.
l The Satyagrahis of Haryana tried to start a
movement in the state by making salt in the
67
village of Zahidpur of Jhajjar district on 15th
April, 1930, but the government did not let
them succeed.
l Like Jhajjar, Salt Law was broken in Rohtak,
Beri, Sanghi, Gurugram and Sonipat. Apart
from breaking the Salt Law, foreign goods
were also boycotted.
l Traders from Ambala, Rohtak and Bhiwani
announced not to trade foreign goods.
Students of Gaur High School and Vaishya
High School of Rohtak participated in the
movement.
l The students of Chandulal Anglo-Vedic
School of Hisar and DAV School of
Kurukshetra also participated in the
movement.
l The British Government formed the peace
meetings through its supporters, but
government activities did not break the morale
of the agitators. Around 600 people broke the
Salt Law and highest number of people 380
were arrested in Rohtak for breaking the Salt
Law.
Individual Satyagraha
l Mahatma Gandhi started the Individual
Satyagraha Movement on 17th October, 1940
against the policies of the British rule.
l Many people were arrested during this
Satyagraha in Rohtak, Ambala, Hisar, Karnal
and Gurugram. The maximum number of
individuals were arrested in Rohtak, Ambala
and Hisar districts, respectively.
l In support of this movement, many leaders
like Gopichand Bhargava, Pt Nekiram
Sharma, Chaudhary Sahab Ram and Lala
Shyamlal from Hisar; Shriram Sharma and
Rao Mangliram from Rohtak; Syed Mulalvi
and Mahashya Bhagwan Das from Gurugram;
Hammed Hussain from Karnal and Dulichand
and Prem Prakash Azad from Ambala were
arrested.
68
l The second phase of the movement started on
10th January, 1940. In this phase also, Hisar
district was at the forefront of Satyagraha.
l The third phase of the movement started from
10th April, 1941. Rohtak district stood first in this
phase. Around 73 people were arrested in Rohtak.
Quit India Movement
l With the announcement of this movement on
8th August, 1942, there were demonstrations at
railway stations, post offices, telegraph offices and
police stations in Haryana. After the arrest of the
big leaders, the people themselves organised the
movement.
l Mangeram Vats, Sheeshpal Singh, Vaidya
Lekhram Singh, Radhakrishna, Laxman Singh
and Ramkumar Vichhat were among the
prominent agitators of Haryana Province who
participated in Quit India Movement.
Indian National Army (INA)
l
Indian National Army (INA) or Azad Hind Fauj consisted
of about 2,715 soldiers from Haryana. Of these, 398
were of officer rank and 2317 were soldiers.
l
Rohtak district (Rohtak, Sonipat and Jhajjar regions)
comprised maximum (149) officers. 873 Army Personnel
including 724 soldiers were included in this army.
l
The first and second brigade battalions of Indian
National Army (INA) were headed by Major Suraj Mal
and Lieutenant Colonel Rana Singh, respectively.
l
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose awarded the title of
Sarkar-e-Jung to Major Suraj Mal. 22 officers and 324
soldiers of Haryana on behalf of Indian National Army
were martyred during the fight.
Haryana in the First and
Second World War
The First World War
lHaryana was one of the main recruitment areas
during the First World War. The rich people and
mahajans of Haryana gave immense financial
support to the Imperial Relief Fund, set up for
the youths to join the recruitment drive.
Know Your State Haryana
l Ram Bahadur Sukhlal of Sirsa donated ` 10
lakhs. The maximum donation of ` 25 lakh
was collected in Bhiwani district in the
entire state.
l For the active participation of the soldiers
from Punjab region in the war, the
Government provided a separate
representation to the rural and urban areas
on the basis of population of these areas, in
the new Legislative Council.
l This decision was opposed by Raibahadur
Chaudhary Lalchand of Rohtak. As a result,
politics continued among Sir fazle Hussain,
Lala Harkishan Lal and Chaudhary Lal
Chand.
l In Haryana, Pt Nekiram Sharma was
against the military recruitment drive by the
British during the First World War.
The Second World War
lOn 3rd, September, 1939, England declared
war against Germany and with this the
Second World War started. Lord
Linlithgow, the then Viceroy of India, also
included India in this war.
lBy declaring the government’s move as
invalid, the Congress sought an assurance
from the British Government that a
democratic government would be
established in Post-War India.
lIn the year 1940, a Company of Hyderabad
Regiment declared rebellion in Singapore.
All the soldiers in this Company were Ahirs
of Haryana, who were influenced by their
Muslim Officer Zaheer Khan, who was a
patriot and was against the policies of the
British administration.
lFinally, Zaheer Khan was dismissed. After
that, Ahir soldiers revolted. A Jat Company
of the same regiment also joined the
rebellion along with them.
Modern History of Haryana
1946 Elections and
Independence
l The Unionist Party of Punjab and Haryana got
weakened before the elections of 1946.
Consequently, in the election, Muslim League
got 75 seats, Congress got 51 seats, Akali dal
got 22 seats and Unionist Party got 20 seats.
Independent candidates won on 7 places.
l Congress formed the government with the
support of Unionist Party. Chaudhary Lahri
Singh, the Congress Leader from Haryana was
a part of this government.
l The demand for the creation of a separate
Pakistan was increased with the successful
representation of the Muslim League in the
1946 elections.
l There were communal riots in Punjab.
Thousands of people from both communities
(Hindu and Muslim) were killed. The riots in
Mewat region were more severe.
l During the 1946 elections, the Western part of
Punjab was Muslim dominated area and the
Eastern part of Punjab and Haryana were the
Hindu dominated areas. Here the communal
tension was at its peak, thus, many communal
riots took place.
l The leader of Mewatis, Muhammad Yasin
Khan continued to become MLC and MLA
from Gurugram-Hisar region and Unionist
Party Punjab but he lost the 1946 election.
Gandhiji visited Sohna (Mewat) on 19th
December, 1946 in support of Muhammad
Yasin Khan.
l India was divided into two countries on 14th
August, 1947 and Pakistan came into existence.
India got Independance on 15th August, 1947
and Haryana remained a part of Punjab
Province.
l Panipat was a Muslim dominated region. Many
Muslims were migrating to Pakistan after
independence. Due to this dismal , the patriot
69
Maulana Lakaulla appealed Gandhiji to visit
Panipat. Thus, Gandhiji visited Panipat on
9th December, 1947, and appealed all the
Muslims to be united.
l After attaining independence, Gandhiji
visited Mewat in December 1947. While
addressing a public meeting at village Ghasera
in Mewat, he assured complete security. As a
result, the migration from Mewat stopped.
Ghasera village of Mewat is also called
Gandhi Gram.
l On 30th January, 1948, Gandhi ji was
assassinated by Nathuram Godse. After the
whole legal process, Nathuram Godse was
hanged in the Ambala jail.
Important Freedom
Fighters From Haryana
Following were the major freedon fighters of
Haryana :
Lala Hukamchand Jain
lHe was born in 1816 AD in Hisar district.
lHe was a government officer but took part in
the 1857 Revolt in Jhansi against the British.
lHe also supported the Delhi Emperor. He
was hanged on 19th January, 1858.
Nahar Singh
lHe was born in 1823 in Ballabhgarh town.
lHe became the ruler of the Princely State of
Ballabhgarh in 1829 AD.
lHe is also known as the Lion of Ballabhgarh.
He befriended Delhi Emperor Bahadur Shah
Zafar and took part in the revolt against the
British in Delhi.
lOn 23rd September, 1857, he was imprisoned
in Ghudsal by a British officer Shavers.
lOn 9th January, 1858, he was hanged in
Chandni Chowk on the charges of treason.
70
Rao Tularam
lHe was born on 9th December, 1825 in
Rewari district. He played a key role
during 1857 Revolt in Haryana, where he is
considered as a State Hero.
lDuring 1857 Revolt, he occupied Rewari,
Bohra, and Shahjahanpur.
lHe was defeated by the British army in a long
struggle and left for Afghanistan.
lHe died on 23rd September, 1863 in Kabul.
Rai Bahadur Lala Murlidhar
lHe was born in 1848 in Palwal district. He
was given the title of Rai Bahadur and
Kesar-e-Hind by the British Government.
lHe was founding member of Congress in the
state. He participated in the National
Movement in 1886 and went to jail.
lHe gave back all his titles in the protest against
the Rowlatt Act 1921. He is also known as
Grand Old Man of Punjab.
Noor Samand Khan
lHe was the ruler of Rania (Sirsa). On 17th
June, 1857, he fought against the British Army
at Odhan village but not succeeded.
Sir Chhotu Ram
l He was born on 24th November, 1881, in
Garhi Sampla village
of Rohtak district.
l He completed his practice of Law from Agra
University.
l In 1916, he published his Urdu Weekly, Jaat
Gazette, from Rohtak.
l In order to make Unionist Party important in
all Haryana regions, he founded the
Zamindar League along with Fazle Hussain in
1923.
l In 1937, he was given the title Sir.
Know Your State Haryana
l In 1938, he formed the ‘Marketing Board’ for
the ease of marketing of grains by the farmers.
l He was popularly known as Rahbare-Azam
and Messiah of Poors and Farmers. He died
in 1945.
Pandit Nekiram Sharma
lHe was born on 4th September, 1887 in
Kelanga village of Rohtak district.
lHe became a member of Swaraj Union of Bal
Gangadhar Tilak in 1916 and became the
Secretary of Divisional Conference in 1920.
lHe remained with Lala Lajpat Rai and Madan
Mohan Malaviya from 1925 to 1930.
lHe published a weekly paper, Sandesh from
Bhiwani.
lHe died on 8th June, 1956.
lHe is referred as the ‘Haryana Kesari’.
Abdul Ghaffar Khan
lHe was born in 1888 in Loha village of
Ambala district.
lHe became the member of Indian National
Congress in 1919.
lOn 26th January, 1930, a public meeting was
organised under the leadership of Abdul
Ghaffar Khan to celebrate Independence Day.
lIn 1952, he became the member of Punjab
Legislative Assembly and remain the member
of Haryana Cabinet after the formation of
Haryana in 1966.
lHe died on 16th June, 1976.
Pandit Shriram Sharma
lHe was born on 1st October, 1899 in Jhajjar
district.
lHe participated in all the five Satyagraha
Movements in 1921, 1930, 1932, 1940 and
1942 and stayed in imprisonment for seven
years.
Modern History of Haryana
l In support of freedom movement, he published
a weekly paper, Haryana Tilak in Hindi and
Urdu languages in 1923 from Rohtak.
l He also wrote Haryana Ka Itihas and
Haryana ke Navratan.
l He was popularly known as the ‘Grand Old
Man of Haryana’.
Sucheta Kriplani
lShe was born on 25th June, 1908 in Ambala
district of Haryana. She was an Indian freedom
fighter and Politician.
lShe joined the Quit India Movement of 1942
and played a great role along with Ram
Manohar Lohia, Jaiprakash Narayan and
Aruna Asaf Ali.
lShe was India’s first woman Chief Minister of
Uttar Pradesh from 1963 to 1967.
lShe died on 1st December, 1974 in Delhi.
Fateh Singh
lHe was born on 5th October, 1912 in Khedar
village of Hisar district.
lHe was an active member of the Indian
National Army, which was established
by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose in 1943.
lHe was appointed as the Captain of Armed
Corps Company of Indian National Army in
1943 by Subhash Chandra Bose.
Ram Singh Jakhar
lHe was born in 1916 in Ladain village of
Jhajjar district.
lHe was also the President of Swatantrata
Senani Samiti.
Abdur Rahman Khan
lHe was also known as Nawab of Jhajjar.
lHe took part in the ‘Revolt of 1857 against the
British rule.
lHe was hanged on 23rd October, 1857 in
front of Red Fort.
71
Banarasi Das
lHe was born on 5th November, 1917 in
Bhiwani district. He left his home in 1930-31
to take part in the Civil Disobedience
Movement and went to Satyarahis camp in
Meerut.
lHe was arrested in 1941 during
Individual Satyagraha and was sentenced for
two years.
lHe founded Youth Assembly in Rewari and
was the founder member of Jind State
Praja Mandal. He died on 29th August,
2007.
Arya Samaj in Haryana
l The credit for awakening the new
consciousness in Haryana on social and
political status to Arya Samaj.
l Swami Dayanand founded the Hindu reform
organisation called Arya Samaj, on 10th April,
1875 in Mumbai.
l On 17th July, 1878, Maharishi Dayanand
visited Haryana for the first time in Ambala
city and for the second time in Rewari on 24th
December, 1880 after the invitation of Rao
Yudhishthir.
l He resided here and campaigned against
illiteracy, ignorance and conservatism. He also
established a branch of Arya Samaj in
Rewari. He also established a cowshed in
Rewari.
l Chaudhary Ram Narayan Bhagan and Pandit
Shambhu Dutt founded the Arya Samaj in
Sonipat district after influenced by the
preachings of Swami Dayanand.
l Swami Shradhanand founded the Farmana
Arya Samaj in 1905 and Khatkhad Arya
Samaj in 1907.
l A bench of Arya Samaj was also established in
Hisar by the efforts of Lala Lajpat Rai.
72 Know Your State Haryana

Arya Samaj in Haryana

City/Village Year Number of Members City/Village Year Number of Members
Rewari 1880 21 Sirsa 1892 21
Rohtak 1885 10 Shahabad (Kurukshetra) 1893 19
Hisar 1886 59 Thanesar 1894 15
Hansi 1889 12 Ballabhgarh (Faridabad) 1896 10
Hathin (Gurugram) 1890 5 Kausali (Rohtak) 1897 10
Ambala city 1890 14 Pundari (Kurukshetra) 1900 20
Bhiwani 1890 36 Kaithal (Kurukshetra) 1900 30
Jhajjar 1891 13 Ladwa (Kurukshetra) 1900 8

Arya Samaj in Haryana and Movements

The important Arya Samaj missionaries of Haryana were Bhakt Phool Singh, Swami
Swatantratanand and Acharya Bhagwan Dev. They promoted Arya Samaj in the state and also led
many Arya Samaj movements in Haryana.
Arya Samajist Movements in Haryana
Movements Year Events
Samalekha Movement 1916 This movement was started by Arya Samajis against the Britishers who opened cow
slaughtering centre in Samalekha village to provided meat to their soldiers. It was led
by Phool Singh.
Panipat Movement 1930 This was against the Government which banned the procession of Aryans, thus, Arya
Samajis started the movement in the name of ‘Aryan Raksha Samiti’.
Lahore Slaughterhouse 1937-38 This movement was started by Arya Samajis against the opening of cow slaughtering
Movement centres in Lahore during Second World War.
Hyderabad Movement 1939 This movement was started under the leadership of Bhakt Phool Singh against the
Hyderabad principality which banned the activities of Aryans.
Loharu Movement 1940 Propagation of Arya Samaj was banned in Loharu principality against which this
movement was started.
Moth Movement 1940 Bhakt Phool Singh used to do work without any help to settle disputes among people
to open schools, to release pasture grounds etc. He founded ‘EK Bahu Regiment’.
Hindi Satyagraha 1957 This movement was started in the reign of Sardar Pratap Singh Kairon, to provide
Movement Hindi a right place in the United Punjab.
Kundli Slaughterhouse 1968 This movement was started by the Arya Samajis against the decision of Haryana and
Movement Central Governments to open a slaughterhouse in Kundli, Rohtak.

Promotion of Sanatan Dharma

l Influenced by the movement of Arya Samaj, orthodox Hindus of Haryana established Sanatan
Dharma Sabha in the state.
l Pt Deendayal Sharma of Jhajjar was the ideological leader of this movement.
l He was born in 1863 AD in Jhajjar village of Rohtak district.
l He also formed the Rifa-e-Aam Society in Jhajjar, which included people from both Hindu and
Muslim communities. He also published an Urdu magazine called Haryana from Jhajjar itself.
Modern History of Haryana 73
l On 22th August, 1886, Pt. Deendayal Sharma established the first Sanatan Dharma Sabha at
Jhajjar, the first Chairman of which was Ram Nathulal.
l In 1890, the Surdham Prakasika Sabha was formed at Bhiwani which was established in the form of
Sanatan Dharm Sabha in 1891. In 1890, Sudharma Bal Sabha of youth was also formed in Bhiwani.
l In 1891, Sanatan Dharma Sabha was established in Sirsa by Pt. Deendayal Sharma.
l Sanatan Dharm Sabha was established in Karnal and Kurukshetra in 1892 and Safido, Rewari,
Palwal, Rohtak, Gurugram, Kaithal, Panipat and Beri in 1895.
Timeline of Haryana : Important Events
Date Events
324-232 BC Mauryan’s authority over Haryana
580 AD Pushyabhuti Naresh Prabhakarvardhan became King
605 AD Harshavardhana became King
634-635 AD War between Harsha and Chalukya Naresh Pulakeshin
805 AD Pratihara Ruler Nagabhatta-II occupied Haryana
1009 AD Mahmud of Ghazni invaded india for the first time
1191 AD Prithviraj Chauhan defeated invader Mohammad Ghori in Taraori
1192 AD For the second time in Taraori, Chauhan’s defeat at the hands of Ghori
1194 AD Mohammad Ghori invaded Rohtak and targeted the temples here
1206 AD Qutubuddin Aibak suzerainty over Haryana
1240 AD Razia Begum killed in Kaithal
1266 AD Suzerainty of Balban over Haryana
1290 AD Establishment of Khilji Dynasty
1398 AD Timur invaded Haryana
1526 AD First Battle of Panipat
1530 AD Mohan Singh Mandar’s rebellion against Babar
1556 AD Second Battle of Panipat
1672 AD Satnamio’s rebellion against Narnaul
1739 AD Battle of Karnal
1761 AD Third Battle of Panipat between Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali
1789 AD Mahadev Scindia’s authority over Delhi and Haryana
1803 AD British authority over Haryana
1809 AD Chhachhrauli rebellion
1818 AD Rebellion of Rania
1834 AD Haryana became a part of North-Western Province
1843 AD Rebellion in Kaithal
1845 AD Rebellion of Ajit Singh Ladwa
1858 AD Haryana merged with Punjab,
1886 AD Babu Murlidhar became the first satyagrahi of Congress Movement, first Sanatan
Dharma formed in Jhajjar.
1892 AD Lala Lajpat Rai went to Lahore from Hisar
1928 AD Elections of Punjab Legislative Council
1937 AD Election in Punjab Assembly
1966 AD Identify Haryana as a separate State
1947 The country became independent and Haryana became a part of East Punjab
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. By which of the following treaties, Haryana 9. Which ruler of Chhachharauli was defeated
was acquired by the East India Company and whose reign was annexed by the
from Marathas? [HSSC 2016] British?
(a) Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon (a) Baghel Singh (b) Fateh Singh
(b) Rain Treaty (c) Jodh Singh (d) Bhagwan Singh
(c) Ambala Treaty 10. The British East India Company annexed
(d) None of the above the Rania principality due to the reason of
2. The Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon took place in (a) Revolt by Nawab Jabit Khan.
which year? (b) Incapability of Rani Ram Kaur, and
(a) 1799 AD (b) 1800 AD Interference of Jodh Singh.
(c) 1803 AD (d) 1903 AD (c) Death of Maya Daya Kaur.
(d) Death of Bhai Uday Singh without his
3. Who among the following got Firozpur-
successor.
Jhirka by the British Government?
(a) Faiz Talab Khan 11. In which year the ‘Peasant Uprising’ took
(b) Ahmad Baksh Khan place in Rohtak, Gurugram and Hisar
(c) Raja Ummed Singh against the British?
(d) None of the above (a) 1820 AD (b) 1822 AD
(c) 1824 AD (d) 1830 AD
4. Who was the ruler of Thanesar, who
revolted against the British alongwith the 12. Which ruler of Jind principality revolted
Guru Dutt Singh, the ruler of Ladwa? against the British?
(a) Nabha Singh (b) Bhanga Singh (a) Jodh Singh (b) Pratap Singh
(c) Ganga Singh (d) None of these (c) Jat Suraj Mal (d) Ajeet Singh
5. Who was the ruler of Fatehabad whose 13. Who was the leader of Banawali revolt?
Princely State was taken over by the British? (a) Gulab Singh (b) Jat Surajmal
(a) Jabita Khan (c) Ajeet Singh (d) Pratap Singh
(b) Baunba Khan 14. Who laid the foundation stone of Kaithal
(c) Bahadur Khan principality in the year 1763 AD?
(d) Abdul Samad Khan (a) Uday Singh (b) Gurbaksh Singh
6. The British divided the ceded part of (c) Gurudatt Singh (d) Sardar Singh
Haryana into how many sub-divisions? 15. In which year Kaithal Principality was
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 7 (d) 11 annexed by the British East India Company?
7. Northern area of the ceded part of Haryana (a) 1818 AD (b) 1824 AD
was consisted of which of the following (c) 1843 AD (d) 1850 AD
regions? 16. Ladwa Princely State was founded by which
(a) Hisar (b) Rohtak of the following rulers?
(c) Panipat (d) All of these (a) Jodh Singh (b) Ajeet Singh
8. Who was the leader of ‘Chhachhrauli (c) Sardar Singh (d) Gurbaksh Singh
Revolt’? 17. Ladwa revolt took place in which year?
(a) Pratap Singh (b) Jodh Singh (a) 1814 AD (b) 1818 AD
(c) Jabit Singh (d) Gulab Singh (c) 1824 AD (d) 1845 AD
Modern History of Haryana 75

18. Who was the leader of Ladwa revolt which 28. What was the reason behind the failure of
took place in the year 1845 AD? 1857 Revolt in Haryana?
[Haryana Police IRB Constable 2018] [Haryana Clerk Exam 2019,
(a) Jodh Singh (b) Ajit Singh Mandi Supervisor 2017]
(c) Jabit Singh (d) Pratap Singh (a) No support from other principalities
19. The British East India Company annexed (b) Lack of weapons
the Ambala principality due to the reason of (c) Lack of leadership
.......... . (d) All of the above
(a) death of Sardarni Indra Kaur 29. Who was known as the Nawab of Jhajjar?
(b) revolt of Nawab Jabit Khan [HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
(c) death of Mai Sukhan (a) Abdur Rahman Khan
(d) None of the above (b) Banarasi Das
20. The ‘1857 Revolt’ was started at which place (c) Hukam Chand Jain
of Haryana? [HSSC 2021, 20, 16] (d) Chaudhary Devi Lal
(a) Farrukhnagar (b) Ambala Cantt 30. The Nawab of Farrukhnagar, who revolted
(c) Narnaul (d) Hisar against the British Army in the ‘1857
Revolt’ was [Grid Sub-Station Operator 2016]
21. During the 1857 Revolt, William Ford was
the Collector of which place of Haryana? (a) Sirajuddaula (b) Firoz Khan
(c) Rahman Khan (d) Nawab Ahmad Ali Khan
(a) Gurugram (b) Ambala
(c) Rohtak (d) Hisar 31. ‘Sarrafabad’ was the old name of which
22. Name the last ruler of Ballabhgarh, who Princely State?
(a) Ballabhgarh (b) Bahadurgarh
martyred in the ‘1857 Revolt’?
(c) Mewat (d) Hansi
[HSSC 2021, Ayush Department Haryana 2017,
Haryana Clerk 2016] 32. In the Freedom Struggle of 1857, Rao
(a) Nahar Singh (b) Vijay Singh Tularam revolted against the British from
(c) Pratap Singh (d) Mehar Singh which place? [Haryana Patwari Exam 2016,15]
(a) Hisar, Sirsa
23. Light Infantry Troop of which place revolted (b) Kaithal, Kurukshetra
against the British in the ‘1857 Revolt’? (c) Rohtak, Jind
(a) Hisar (b) Hansi (d) Narnaul, Rewari
(c) Sirsa (d) All of these
33. Which ruler of Rewari Princely State was
24. Who led the revolt of 1857 in Hansi? amongst the prominent leaders of 1857
(a) Hukamchand Revolt? [Haryana Tabla Virtuoso Exam 2018]
(b) Munir Beg (a) Rao Sukhram (b) Rao Tularam
(c) Both (a) and (b) (c) Rao Gujrimal Singh (d) Rao Ruda Singh
(d) Noor Mohammad Khan
34. Who was the founder of Jind Princely State?
25. Which of the following districts of Haryana (a) Tularam (b) Gajpat Singh
had greatly contributed in the ‘1857 Revolt’? (c) Phool Singh (d) None of these
[Mandi Supervisor 2017, HSSC 2017]
35. Which Princely State was the most
(a) Rohtak (b) Hisar
prominent state in Haryana during the
(c) Gurugram (d) All of these
1857 Revolt?
26. Who led the revolt of 1857 in Thanesar? (a) Sirsa (b) Jind (c) Mewat (d) Rewari
(a) Rao Tularam (b) Rao Sukh Ram
36. Which Loharu ruler was sentenced to death
(c) Imam Ali (d) None of these
by the British under the charge of killing
27. Who was the leader of 1857 Revolt in William Fraser, a resident of Delhi in
Pataudi? 1835 AD?
(a) Sadrauddin (b) Tularam (a) Samsuddin Khan (b) Ahmad Baksh Khan
(c) Ahmad Ali (d) Akbar Ali (c) Shobha Singh (d) Faiz Talab Khan
76 Know Your State Haryana

37. Which ruler of Pataudi assumed the title of 47. Who was the last ruler of Princely State of
‘Nawab’ in 1805 AD? Pataudi?
(a) Faiz Talab Khan (b) Samsuddin Khan (a) Nawab Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan
(c) Ahmad Baksh Khan (d) None of these (b) Nawab Iftikhar Ali Khan
38. Dujana Princely State was formed by which (c) Nawab Muhammad Hussain Ali Khan
of the following rulers? (d) Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan
(a) Faiz Talab Khan (b) Abdul Samad Khan 48. Who was known by the nickname ‘Tiger’ in
(c) Ahmad Baksh Khan (d) Samsuddin Khan the world of sports?
39. Which among the following principalities (a) Nawab Akbar Ali Khan
supported the British during 1857 Revolt? (b) Nawab Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi
(c) Nawab Iftikhar Ali Khan
(a) Loharu (b) Sampla
(d) Nawab Ali Khan
(c) Jind (d) All of these
49. Who among the following started ‘Kar Na
40. Which of the following Princely States did
Do’ Movement in Dujana Principality?
not support the British during the 1857
revolt? (a) Pt Hariram (b) Rao Nekiram
(c) Pt Tara Chandra (d) All of these
(a) Jind (b) Loharu
(c) Pataudi (d) Ballabhgarh 50. In which year Praja Mandal was formed in
Narnaul?
41. The British were highly pleased with the
military activities of which Princely State (a) 1844 (b) 1898 (c) 1905 (d) 1945
during the 1857 revolt? 51. Who established a branch of Congress in
(a) Bikaner (b) Patiala Ambala?
(c) Jind (d) Pataudi (a) Deen Dayal Sharma
42. Under which Act, Haryana was merged (b) Lala Murlidhar
with Punjab Province? (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) None of the above
(a) Charter Act, 1853 (b) Charter Act, 1858
(c) Charter Act, 1862 (d) Charter Act, 1809 52. In 1888, in the Allahabad Session of
Congress, who became the representative of
43. Hisar division included which district of
Hisar Congress?
Haryana?
(a) Lala Sultan Singh
(a) Sirsa (b) Rohtak
(b) Baldev Singh
(c) Hisar (d) All of these
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
44. Which ruler of Jind conferred the title of (d) Beni Singh
‘Maharaja’?
53. Which among the following places was the
(a) Ranvir Singh (b) Raghuvir Singh
main centre of social and political activities
(c) Sarup Singh (d) None of these
of the freedom fighter, Lala Lajpat Rai?
45. The Jind State Praja Mandal was formed in [PGT Fine Arts 2016]
Narwana in Jind against the policies of (a) Ambala (b) Jhajjar
which ruler? (c) Jind (d) Hisar
(a) Maharaja Ranvir Singh
(b) Raghuvir Singh 54. Who was the head of the Hisar Arya Samaj?
(c) Sarup Singh (a) Lala Lajpat Rai (b) Lala Chandulal
(d) None of these (c) Babu Chudamani (d) Gauri Shankar

46. Which of the following was the Nawab of 55. Which Journalist from Haryana oppossed
the Princely State of Pataudi? the Morley-Minto Reforms through his
(a) Nawab Muhammad Mumtaz Hussain Ali articles ‘Shivshambhu ke Chitte’?
Khan (a) Deshbandho Gupta
(b) Nawab Muhammad Hussain Ali Khan (b) Balmukund Gupt
(c) Nawab Akbar Ali Khan (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) All of the above (d) Fateh Singh
Modern History of Haryana 77

56. In 1919, the first protest against the Rowlatt 65. Which district of Haryana was at the
Act was held at which place of Haryana? forefront in the second phase of individual
[Mandi Supervisor 2017, HSSC 2017] Satyagraha Movement?
(a) Hisar (b) Sonipat (a) Hisar (b) Sirsa
(c) Ambala (d) Panipat (c) Rohtak (d) Kurukshetra
57. On 6th April, 1919, at which place a big 66. In which year Salt Satyagraha was started?
conference was held against the Rowlatt [HSSC 2019]
Act? [Haryana Police 2016] (a) 24th May, 1930
(a) Rohtak (b) Ambala (b) 12th March, 1930
(c) Sonipat (d) Panipat (c) 24th November, 1930
58. Gandhiji was arrested from which place of (d) 24th April, 1930
Haryana during the protest against 67. At which place of Haryana, women
Rowlatt Act? participated in a movement which was
(a) Palwal (b) Hisar started by daughters of Lala Duli Chand,
(c) Sirsa (d) Kurukshetra namely, Vidhyawati, Yashoda and Jamuna?
59. In which year the Non-Cooperation (a) Panipat (b) Ambala
Movement was started in Haryana? (c) Rewari (d) Hisar
[Haryana Agriculture Inspector 2017] 68. Who was awarded the title of ‘Sarkar-e-
(a) 1925 (b) 1930 Jung’ by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose?
(c) 1920 (d) 1918 (a) Major Suraj Mal (b) Rao Tularam
60. The first meeting during the (c) Lala Lajpat Rai (d) Lala Murlidhar
Non-Cooperation Movement was held in 69. In Haryana, who was against the military
October, 1920 in Panipat, under the recruitment drive by the British during the
Leadership of First World War?
(a) Lala Lajapat Rai (a) Pandit Nekiram (b) Muhammad Azam
(b) Shaukat Ali
(c) Mohan Singh (d) None of these
(c) Gandhiji
(d) Chaudhary Devi Lal 70. Who was the leader of Mewatis from
Gurugram-Hisar region?
61. Who was the main leader of
(a) Muhammad Yasin Khan
Non-Cooperation Movement in Haryana?
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(a) Raja Rammohan Roy
(c) Lala Murlidhar
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Surajmal
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Surajmal 71. Which region of Haryana was the Muslim
dominated region?
62. Who gave back his title of ‘Rai Bahadur’
during Non-Cooperation Movement? (a) Hisar (b) Jind
(a) Lala Murlidhar (b) Gokul Chand (c) Sonipat (d) Panipat
(c) Nazir Begh (d) Ganpat Rai 72. When India got freedom in 1947, Haryana
63. ‘Haryana Tilak’ newspaper was published was the part of which Indian Province?
in which year? [Haryana Accountant 2018] [PGT 2016]
(a) 1933 (b) 1923 (a) Delhi (b) Punjab
(c) 1942 (d) None of these (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Rajasthan

64. Who was the editor of ‘Haryana Tilak’? 73. Who among the following is also known as
[HSSC 2017] the ‘Lion of Ballabhgarh’?
(a) Nekiram Sharma (b) Baldev Singh (a) Nahar Singh (b) Samand Khan
(c) Shriram Sharma (d) Sir Chhoturam (c) Fateh Singh (d) Chhotu Ram
78 Know Your State Haryana

74. Nathuram Godse was hanged in which 82. Who among the following persons is
prison of Haryana? [HSSC 2017] referred as the ‘Haryana Kesari’?
(a) Ambala (b) Rohtak [HSSC 2020, Haryana Junior Engineer 2018]
(c) Bhiwani (d) Hisar (a) Bhopal Singh Arya (b) Nekiram Sharma
75. Lala Hukamchand Jain took part in which (c) Kanwal Singh (d) Udami Ram
of the following Movements? 83. Who was popularly known as the ‘Grand old
(a) Quit India Movement Man’ of Haryana?
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement [HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
(c) Revolt of 1857 (a) Sir Chota Ram
(d) Both (a) and (b) (b) Rao Tularam
(c) Pandit Nekiram Sharma
76. Which freedom fighter from Haryana
(d) Pandit Shriram Sharma
occupied Rewari, Bohra and Shahjahanpur
during the Revolt of 1857? 84. Freedom fighter Sucheta Kriplani was born
(a) Devi Lal in which district of Haryana?
(b) Chotu Ram (a) Hisar (b) Sirsa (c) Ambala (d) Rohtak
(c) Rao Tularam 85. Who among the following was an active
(d) Rai Bahadur member of the Indian Nation Army,
77. Who among the following is also known as established by Netaji Subhash Chandra
the ‘Grand Old Man of Punjab’? Bose?
(a) Ahmad Ali (b) Nahar Singh (a) Chhotu Ram
(c) Lala Murlidhar (d) Ram Singh (b) Chaudhary Devi Lal
(c) Fateh Singh
78. Noor Samand Khan was the ruler of
(d) Lala Hukum Chand
(a) Rania (b) Ballabhgarh
(c) Rewari (d) Jhajjar 86. Who was the President of ‘Swatantrata
Senani Samiti’ of Haryana?
79. In order to make the Unionist Party
(a) Abdul Rahman (b) Ram Singh Jakhar
important and well-known in all Haryana
(c) Sucheta Kriplani (d) Nahar Singh
regions, Sir Chhotu Ram conducted a
campaign. It was known by which name in 87. Who founded ‘Youth Assembly’ in Rewari?
Haryana? [Anganbadi 2016] (a) Neki Ramsharma
(a) Zamindar League (b) Sucheta Kriplani
(b) Zamindari System (c) Ram singh Jhakkar
(c) Hindu-Muslim (d) Banarasi Das
(d) None of the above 88. What did Swami Dayanand Saraswati start
80. Who is known as ‘Rahbare Azam’ in Haryana? when he reached Rewari in Haryana?
(a) Sir Chhotu Ram [Haryana Clerk 2016]
(b) Rai Bahadur Lala Murlidhar (a) Temple construction
(c) Mohan Singh (b) Construction of Dayanand Math
(d) Abdul Rahman (c) Construction of Dharamshala
(d) Construction of Cowshed
81. Who published a weekly paper, ‘ Sandesh’
from ‘Bhiwani’? 89. Who founded the Arya Samaj in Sonipat
[HSSC Head Office Cadre 2020] district of Haryana?
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai (a) Chaudhary Ram Narayan Bhagan
(b) Nekiram Sharma (b) Pt. Shambhu Dutt
(c) Lala Hukam Chand Jain (c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Noor Samad Khan (d) None of the above
Modern History of Haryana 79

90. Who among the following was the important 92. Match the following.
Arya Samaj missionaries of Haryana?
List I List II
(a) Phool Singh
(b) Swami Swatantratanand A. Farrukhnagar 1. Nawab Ahmad Ali
(c) Acharya Bhagwan Dev Ghulam Khan
(d) All of the above B. Bahadurgarh 2. Nawab Bahadur Jung
91. Pt. Deendayal Sharma established C. Mewat 3. Nawab Sadruddin Mewati
Sanatan Dharma Sabha at which place of
D. Panipat 4. Maulvi Imam Ali Kalander
Haryana?
(a) Hisar Codes
(b) Rohtak A B C D A B C D
(c) Sirsa (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 2 1 3 4
(d) Rewari (c) 3 1 2 4 (d) 4 1 3 2

Answers
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (d) 40. (d)
41. (b) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (d) 50. (d)
51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (b) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (c) 60. (a)
61. (b) 62. (a) 63. (b) 64. (c) 65. (a) 66. (b) 67. (b) 68. (a) 69. (a) 70. (a)
71. (d) 72. (b) 73. (a) 74. (a) 75. (c) 76. (c) 77. (c) 78. (a) 79. (a) 80. (a)
81. (b) 82. (b) 83. (d) 84. (c) 85. (c) 86. (b) 87. (d) 88. (d) 89. (c) 90. (d)
91. (c) 92. (a)
CHAPTER 04
Formation of
Haryana as a Separate State
Demand For a Separate State
l After the revolt of 1857, the British
Government included much part of the state
of Haryana in the Punjab province in the
year 1858.
l Demand for separate state of Haryana was
started from 1907. This demand was
supported by Lala Lajpat Rai and Aruna Asaf
Ali, the prominent leaders of the Indian
National Movement.
l After some time, Haryana Development
Committee was formed under the
Chairmanship of Shri Ram Sharma to form an
autonomous Haryana state. However, this
effort was not successful.
l The demand for separation of Haryana
region from Punjab province and merging
with Delhi was made for the first time in
1926 at the Delhi Session of the All India
Muslim League by the Chairman of the
Swagat Committee, Pirzada Muhammad
Hussain.
l The Delhi Region Congress Committee
made this demand again at the All-Party
Conference held in Delhi in the
year 1928.
l In the Second Round Table Conference,
Geoffrey Corbett also talk about separating the
Ambala Division (Haryana) from Punjab.
Gandhiji also supported it.
l On 9th December, 1932, Deenbandhu Gupta
also demanded for a separate state of Haryana
from the province of Punjab.
l Congress leader Dr Pattabhi Sitaramayya
supported Deenbandhu Gupta’s demand for a
separate Haryana at the All-India Linguistic
Conference held in 1946 in Delhi.
Demand For Punjab Province
l Haryana was a part of PEPSU (Patiala and
East Punjab States Union) when India got its
freedom on 15th August, 1947.
l In 1948, Master Tara Singh demanded a Sikh
state through his paper ‘Ajeet’.
l Communist party PEPSU also demanded
Punjab Province which was supported by people.
Sachar Formula
l On 1st October, 1949, the then Punjab Chief
Minister, Shri Bhimsen Sacchar introduced the
Sachar Formula to solve the problem of
linguistic reorganisation of Punjab.
Formation of Haryana as a Separate State
Hindi and Punjabi Language Area
Based on the Sachar Formula
l According to this formula, the state was
sub-divided into two parts i.e. Punjabi area
and Hindi area.
(i) Punjabi Area It included the areas that are
located in present day Punjab i.e.
Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Amritsar,
Ferozepur, Patiala, Barnala, etc. The
official language of Punjabi region was
Punjabi (Gurmukhi script).
(ii) Hinidi Area It included the districts of
Rohtak, Hisar, Gurugram, Kangra,
Karnal and the tehsils of Jagadhri
(Ambala) and Naraingarh. The official
language of the Hindi region was Hindi
(Devanagari script).
l According to the Sachar Formula, the medium
of education till pre-university examination
was Hindi in Hindi region whereas Punjabi in
Punjabi region.
l It was mandatory to teach Hindi as a second
language in every school in Punjabi region and
Punjabi as a second language in every school
in the Hindi region.
State Reorganisation
Commission
l On 29th December, 1953, the Indian
Government set up a commission under the
Chairmanship of Syed Fazal Ali for suggesting
the reorganisation of states on linguistic and
cultural basis. This commission was also
known as Syed Fazal Ali Commission.
l The commission presented its report in
September, 1995. The commission rejected
the demand of reorganisation of states on
linguistic and cultural basis.
l In April, 1955 the Congress MLAs of Haryana
region, who came to Rohtak to determine the
81
boundary of the state, demanded the separate
state of Haryana before the State
Reorganisation Commission.
Regional Formula
l In April 1956, the Central Government
introduced the Regional Formula. According
to this formula, the provision of the Sachar
formula was further extended with the
provision of creating a single Legislative
Assembly and Governor for both the regions
(Haryana and Punjab).
l After the 7th Amendment to the Indian
Constitution in 1956, Regional Formula came
into force from 24th July, 1956. The
provisions of the regional formula were:
— Punjab will be a bilingual state and Hindi
and Punjabi will be its official languages.
— The entire state was divided into two regions
i.e Hindi region and Punjabi region. In
both the regions, the districts and other small
regions would have their own separate
languages.
— Minorities from each region will get
complete security.
— The Central Government assured to
cooperate in the development of both the
languages, Punjabi and Hindi.
Hindi and Punjabi Regions Based
on the Regional Formula
l Hindi Region Rohtak, Gurgaon (Gurugram),
Karnal, Hisar, Ambala, Jagadhri and
Naraingarh tehsils, Mahendragarh, Shimla,
Kangra, Kohistan (present Patiala) and Jind
and Narwana tehsils of Sangrur.
l Punjabi Region Ludhiana, Amritsar,
Hoshiarpur, Jalandhar, Gurdaspur, Ferozepur,
Ropar and Kharar tehsils of Ambala, Bhatinda,
Kapurthala, Patiala, Barnala (present Sangrur),
Sangrur and Sunam tehsils and Fatehabad
Sahib (present Patiala).
82
l According to the Regional Formula, the
following places of Kharar tehsil have been
instructed to include in the Hindi region
— The area of Kalka Police Station.
— Jail of Chandi temple.
— 17 villages located in Naraingarh
Constituency.
Failure of Regional Formula and
Saint Fateh Singh
l In 1956, the then Punjab Chief Minister
Pratap Singh Kairo did not successfully
implemented the Regional Formula. He
limited the powers of the regional committees
and their freedom to work was almost ended,
as a result of which this formula was not
completely successful.
l In 1965, Akali Dal leader Saint Fateh Singh
announced a 15-day Hunger Strike for the
Punjabi Province, which also got a response in
the Haryana region and a separate Haryana
Province was demanded.
l Saint Fateh Singh postponed his fast due to the
war with Pakistan. After the war, he again
announced a 25-day fast on 10th August,
1965.
l On 23rd September 1965, the Government of
India constituted a Parliamentary Committee
under the Chairmanship of Lok Sabha Speaker
Hukum Singh to consider the partition of
Punjab.
l Meanwhile, in October 1965, three resolutions
were passed in a meeting organised by the
MLAs of Haryana in Rohtak, which were as
follows:
(i) A new Hindi speaking state should be
created in which in addition to Hindi
speaking area of Punjab, some parts of
Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan should
be included.
Know Your State Haryana
(ii) If Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan do
not agree on this plan, then form a
separate Haryana state by joining Hindi
speaking areas of Punjab.
(iii) In Punjab, it will not be allowed to reduce
the already designated Hindi area.
l On 3rd March, 1966, the Haryana Sangharsh
Samiti met Saint Fateh Singh under the
leadership of Chaudhary Devi Lal.
l Finally, the Hukum Singh Committee
accepted the reorganisation of Punjab and
recommended the formation of the Shah
Commission (Punjab Boundary
Commission).
Shah Commission
l The Government of India constituted a
three-member Shah Commission on
23rd April, 1966. It was headed by Supreme
Court Judge JC Shah and the other members
included S Dutt and MM Philip. The name
of this commission was named Shah
Commission after JC Shah.
l The Punjab Border Commission submitted
its report on 31st May, 1966, which suggested
the inclusion of Kharar (including
Chandigarh), Naraingarh and Jagadhri
(Ambala) tehsils in Haryana along with the
Hindi speaking area. S. Dutt was not in
favour of including Kharar and Chandigarh in
Haryana.
Formation of Haryana as a
New State
l As per proposal from JC Shah, Government
of India approved Punjab Reorganisation Bill
on 18th September, 1966.
l The Punjab Reorganisation Bill was
introduced in the Lok Sabha by Gulzarilal
Nanda, the then Home Minister.
Formation of Haryana as a Separate State
l It was also decided as per Article 21, that the two
states of Haryana and Punjab would have a
common High Court called the Punjab and
Haryana High Court.
The following were the salient features of the
Punjab Reorganisation Bill:
(i) Formation of a new state within a stipulated
time which will be called as Haryana. This
state of Haryana will include the following
places of Punjab:
(a) Hisar, Rohtak, Gurugram, Karnal and
Mahendragarh.
(b) Narwana and Jind tehsils of Sangrur.
(c) Ambala, Jagadhri and Naraingarh tehsils
of Ambala.
(d) Pinjore Kanungo Circle of Kharar tehsil
of Ambala district.
(e) The scheduled area included in first
section of Manimajra Kanungo Circle of
Kharar tehsil.
(ii) The area mentioned in sub-clause (b) shall
become a separate district in the state of
Haryana under the name Jind.
(iii) The territories referred to in clauses (c), (d)
and (e) of sub-section (1) shall form separate
83
district to be known as Ambala district
in the state of Haryana. In Ambala
district:
(a) The territories referred to in clauses (d)
and (e) of sub-section (1) shall be a part
of the Naraingarh tehsil.
(b) The territories referred to in clause (e)
of sub-section (1) shall be a part of
Pinjore Kanungo Circle in the
Naraingarh tehsil.
l Haryana was formed as the 17th State of
India on 1st November, 1966 under the
18th Amendment (1966) of the Indian
Constitution.
l At the time of formation, Haryana had
seven districts. These seven districts were
Hisar, Karnal, Gurugram, Rohtak, Ambala,
Mahendragarh and Jind.
l At the time of formation of Haryana, the
largest district was Hisar (13891 sq km) and
the smallest district was Jind (2712 sq km).
l Shri Dharamvir was appointed as the first
Governor of Haryana and Pandit Bhagwat
Dayal Sharma was made the first Chief
Minister of Haryana.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. During the British Colonial period, Haryana 9. Who first raised the demand for a separate
was administered as a part of which province? state in 1948 called ‘Punjabi Province’?
[HSSC 2020] (a) Tara Singh (b) Pandit Neki Ram
(a) Punjab (b) Bengal (c) Sant Fateh Singh (d) Pratap Singh Kairon
(c) Bombay (d) Madras 10. 11 During which year, Sachar Formula was
2. In which year Haryana region was merged introduced? [HSSC 2019, PGT 2016]
with Punjab state? (a) 1947 (b) 1948
[Haryana Group D 2018] (c) 1949 (d) 1946
(a) 1858 (b) 1958
11. According to Sachar Formula, Haryana
(c) 1757 (d) None of these
state was sub-divided into how many parts?
3. In which year the demand for a separate state [HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
of Haryana was raised? (a) 1 (b) 2
(a) 1905 (b) 1907 (c) 3 (d) 4
(c) 1909 (d) 1912
12. What was the effect of the Sachar formula?
4. Who was the Chairman of the Haryana [Haryana Group D 2018]
Development Committee? (a) Punjab was divided into three regions such
(a) Hasrat Mohani (b) BB Dutt as Urdu region, Hindi region and Punjab
(c) Shri Ram Sharma region.
(d) None of the above (b) Punjab was divided into two regions such
as Punjabi region and Hinidi region.
5. Which organisation proposed the separation
(c) Punjab was divided into two regions such
of Haryana for the first time in 1926?
as Punjabi region and Urdu region.
(a) Arya Samaj [PGT 2016] (d) None of the above
(b) Indian National Congress
(c) All India Muslim League 13. According to the Sachar Formula, which
(d) Hindu Mahasabha among the following districts came under
‘Hindi Area’?
6. The demand for separation of Haryana region
(a) Rohtak (b) Hisar
from Punjab Province and merging with Delhi
(c) Gurugram (d) All of these
was made for the first time in which session of
the All India Muslim League? 14. Which of the following was not included
(a) Lahore Session (b) Amritsar Session under Hinidi region?
(c) Allahabad Session (d) Delhi Session (a) Rohtak (b) Kangra
(c) Jagadhri (d) Sangrur
7. In which Round Table Conference Geoffrey
Corbett talk about separating the Ambala 15. In which year Fazal Ali Commission was
Division (Haryana) from Punjab? formed?
(a) First (b) Second (a) 1951 (b) 1966 (c) 1953 (d) 1959
(c) Third (d) None of these 16. On 29th December, 1953, the Indian
8. In 1947, after India’s Independence Government set up a commission under the
Haryana was part of which Indian state? Chairmanship of Syed Fazal Ali for suggesting
[PGT 2016] the reorganisation of states according to
(a) Punjab (b) Himachal Pradesh (a) language (b) culture
(c) Rajasthan (d) Uttar Pradesh (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
Formation of Haryana as a Separate State 85

17. In which year, Fazal Ali Commission 25. On which day did the Indian Government set
submitted its report? [HSSC 2016] up the Shah Commission to divide Punjab
(a) 1953 (b) 1954 (c) 1955 (d) 1956 and create the state of Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
18. Under which formula, an internal (a) 1st November, 1966
reorganisation of Punjab was done in July (b) 22nd April, 1966
1956? (c) 7th November, 1966
(d) 23rd April, 1966
(a) Regional Formula (b) Bifurcation Formula
(c) Shah Formula (d) Punjab Formula 26. Who was the member of Shah Commission?
19. After which amendment to the Indian (a) JC Shah (b) S Dutt
Constitution in the year 1956, the Punjab (c) MM Philip (d) All of these
Government implemented the Regional 27. In which year the Punjab Border Commission
Formula? submitted its report?
(a) 2nd (b) 4th (c) 5th (d) 7th (a) 1950 (b) 1955
20. Under the Regional Formula, the Punjabi (c) 1960 (d) 1966
region included 28. The Punjab Reorganisation Bill was approved
(a) Ludhiana (b) Amritsar in which year?
(c) Jalandhar (d) All of these (a) September, 1966 (b) October, 1968
21. According to the Regional formula which area (c) November, 1970 (d) December, 1972
was not included in the Hindi region? 29. On which date, Haryana emerged as a
(a) Karnal (b) Hisar separate state? [HSSC 2021, 20]
(c) Gurugram (d) Ferozepur (a) 14th November, 1966
22. Who announced a 15-day Hungar Strike in (b) 1st November, 1966
the year 1965, for the Punjabi state but (c) 25th October, 1970
postponed his fast due to the war with (d) 25th November, 1977
Pakistan? 30. Under which amendment Haryana was
(a) Master Tara Singh (b) Saint Fateh Singh formed as the 17th state of India?
(c) Devi Lal (d) Pratap Singh Kairo (a) 7th (b) 11th
23. At which place in October 1965, three (c) 15th (d) 18th
resolutions were passed in a meeting 31. The first Governor of Haryana was
organised by the MLAs of Haryana? [HSSC Group D 2018]
(a) Gurugram (b) Hisar (a) B N Chakraborti
(c) Rohtak (d) Ambala (b) Dharamvir
24. Haryana state was formed on the (c) RS Narula
recommendation of which among the (d) Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
following committees? [HSSC 2021] 32. Who was the first Chief Minister of Haryana?
(a) Indira Gandhi (a) BN Chakraborti
(b) Sir Chhotu Ram (b) RS Narula
(c) Sardar Hukum Singh (c) Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
(d) Lal Bahadur Shastri (d) GD Tapsi

Answers
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (d) 20. (d)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (d) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (d)
31. (b) 32. (c)
CHAPTER 05
Geographical Structure
of Haryana
l The geographical structure of Haryana has
been changing overtime. The present form of
the state has come into existence as a result of
the interaction of the endogenic and exogenic
forces and horizontal structure of the plate.
l The state of Haryana lies in the vast plains
between the Ganga river system in the East
and Indus river system in the West.
l Yamuna, a tributary of Ganga is the only
major river flowing through the state. There
are other small non–perennial rivers and lakes
in the state.
Location and Extent of
Haryana
l Haryana is located in the North-Western part
of India and in the Southern part of the
Indus plains (also known as Punjab plains).
l The Indus-Ganga Plain surrounds most of the
land area of the state.
l It is located 300 miles away from the Tropic of
Cancer in the Northern direction.
l It is situated between 27°39' to 30°55' 55"
North latitude and 74°27' 8" to 77°36' 5"
East longitude.
l The total latitudinal and longitudinal
extension of state is 3°16' 5" and 3°8' 57",
respectively which expresses its shape.
l It is a landlocked state. The state has a total
area of 44,212sq km which is 1.34% of the
country’s total area. In terms of area, it is the
21st largest state of India.
l There are 22 districts in the state. Sirsa
(4,277sq km) is the largest district of the state
in the terms of area where as Faridabad
(743 km 2 ) is the smallest district.
l The shape of state is similar to the uneven
quadrilateral whose latitudinal and
longitudinal expansion is 30 × 30.
Extend of Boundary of Haryana
l Haryana shares its border with 5 States and
2 Union Territories, which are as follows:
— Himachal Pradesh lies in the North-East,
— Rajasthan in South-West,
— Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Uttarakhand in East,
— Punjab and Chandigarh in North-West.
l Delhi and Chandigarh are Union Territories.
Haryana is surrounded by Delhi from three
sides. Chandigarh is also the capital of Haryana.
l Haryana shares longest boundary with
Rajasthan (about 1262 km) and shortest with
Uttarakhand (about 12 km).
l The natural boundaries of the state include the
Shivalik ranges in its North-East, the Aravali
hills in the South, the Yamuna river in the East
and the desert of Rajasthan in the South-West.
Geographical Structure of Haryana 87

l River Yamuna demarcates boundary between Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. It flows towards the
Eastern border of Haryana.
Nuh (Mewat) district shares border with Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
l Yamunanagar district shares border with three states namely, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and
Uttar Pradesh.
l Panchkula district shares border with two states namely, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh and one
Union Territory i.e. Chandigarh.
l Jind district shares border with highest number of districts in Haryana. It shares borders with 7
districts i.e. Fatehabad, Hisar, Rohtak, Sonipat, Panipat, Karnal and Kaithal.
l Rohtak and Charkhi Dadri are only districts of Haryana which do not share borders with any State
or Union Territory. Rohtak district shares border with Jind, Hisar, Bhiwani, Charkhi Dadri, Jhajjar
and Sonipat.
l Mahendragarh district is surrounded by Rajasthan from three sides.
l 14 districts (57% area of state) of Haryana are part of the National Capital Region.

Neighbouring States/UT and Districts Sharing Border with Them

Neighbouring No. of Districts Direction Districts
State/UT Sharing Border
Rajasthan 8 South-West Gurugram, Nuh, Rewari, Mahendragarh, Bhiwani, Hisar,
Fatehabad and Sirsa
Punjab 7 North-West Sirsa, Fatehabad, Jind, Kaithal, Kurukshetra, Ambala and
Panchkula
Uttar Pradesh 7 East Yamunanagar, Karnal, Panipat, Sonipat, Faridabad, Palwal
and Mewat
Himachal Pradesh 3 North-East Panchkula, Ambala and Yamunanagar
Uttarakhand 1 – Yamunanagar
Delhi 4 South-East Sonipat, Jhajjar, Faridabad and Gurugram
Chandigarh 1 – Panchkula

Five Largest and Smallest Districts of Haryana in the terms of Area

Five Largest Five Smallest
Area Area
Districts Districts
District Area (sq km) District Area (sq km)
Sirsa 4,277 Faridabad 741
Hisar 3,983 Panchkula 898
Bhiwani 3,352.26 Gurugram 1,258
Jind 2,702 Panipat 1,268
Fatehabad 2,538 Palwal 1,359
88 Know Your State Haryana

HIMACHAL
PRADESH
CHANDIGARH
Panchkula AND
R AKH
UTTA

PUNJAB
Ambala
Yamunanagar

Kurukshetra

Kaithal
Karnal
UTTAR
Sirsa Fatehabad
PRADESH

Jind Panipat

RAJASTHAN Hisar
Sonipat
Rohtak
Bhiwani

Jhajjar
DELHI
Dadri
Charkhi-
Gurugram
Faridabad
Rewari

Narnaul Nuh Palwal

▲ LOCATION MAP OF HARYANA

Geological Structure of l According to famous writer Colonel ML Gill

Haryana Bhargav, in the geological past, Southern part
of state was bordered by the sea. These seas were
l Haryana’s geological structure has been Saraswat in the West and Akhawat in the East.
unstable since the day of formation and has
changed with time.
l In Mesozoic period, this part of the state also
emerged above along with the other regions of
l During Azoic period and Paleozoic period, North India.
there has been no change in the geological
structure of Haryana.
l In the past, Aravali ranges which are located in
Haryana were quite lofty and covered with snow.
l The important changes in its geological A number of rivers is believed to have been
structure occurred during Mesozoic period. originated from these hills.
During Cenozoic period (about 4 crore to 6
lakh years ago), rivers, mountains and other
l In the past, climate of state was different and
the state used to receive heavy rainfall. The
geographical features were formed.
winter season was very cold and the summer
l It is believed that the geographical location season was not so long. However, the climate
and climate of Haryana has also been of state changed with the change in geological
determined during this period. structure.
Geographical Structure of Haryana
l Based on the geological structure of the state,
it can be said that by cutting the sedimentary
rocks of the Himalayan Mountains, the rivers
have changed their route to form the fertile
plains of Ghaggar Yamuna rivers.
l In Delhi Group, rocks of Purana series are
found, which are famous for minerals. The
rocks of this series are found in the Narnaul
region. This region is known as Museum of
Minerals.
Divisions of Haryana on the
Basis of Geographical Area
On the basis of geographical area, Haryana can
be divided into three divisions. These are:
(i) Kurukshetra It is situated between 28°30'
to 30° North Latitude and 76°21' to 77°
East Longitudes. Jind and Karnal are part
of this division.
This area is quite important from the
point of view of religion. Chautang river
flows in this division and soil of
Kurukshetra district is not sandy.
(ii) Haryana It is situated between 29°30' to
30° North Latitude. Fatehabad, Hansi,
Hisar, Bhiwani and Rohtak districts lie in
this division. This division is mainly
inhabited by Jat people, thus, it is also
called Jatiyaat area.
(iii) Bhattiana This geographical division is
situated between Fatehabad and Batu
Tehsils. This division is dominated by the
Bhati Rajputs from ancient time, thus, this
area is known as Bhattiana.
Physiography of Haryana
l The physiography of state includes flat plains,
hills etc. Among these, flat plains have highest
percentage. Around 93.76% area of the state is
covered by flat and undulating plains, which
lies between Ghaggar and Yamuna rivers.
89
l This plain area is also known as
Ghaggar-Yamuna Plains. It is the largest
physiographic region of the state.
l Around 68.21% and 25.55% area of this plain
is flat and undulating, respectively. The
average altitude of this plain is around 200 to
300 m above sea level.
l This plain has been formed due to deposition
of sediments by the Himalayan river. Besides
this plain stumps and mounds of sands are
found on (6.24% area of the state). Remnants
of Aravali hills covers 3.09% area of the state.
l The altitude of Aravali hills is more than 300
m above sea level. Mahendragarh, Rewari,
Gurugram, Bhiwani, Charkhi Dadri, Palwal
and Faridabad districts are hilly and rocky
physiographic regions.
l Shivalik hills are also found in the
North-Eastern part of the state.
l Hence, the landscape of the state has large
plains between the Ghaggar and Yamuna
rivers, the Shivalik ranges in the North-Eastern
part and the residual hills of the Aravali range
in the Southern part. The slope in the state is
generally from South-West to West.
Geographical Divisions of
Haryana
On the basis of various geographical features,
Haryana has been divided into eight geographic
divisions. Dr Jasbeer Singh, prominent
agricultural scientist of the state has also
categorised Haryana into eight geographical
divisions in his book An Agricultural
Geography of Haryana. These geographical
divisions are:
1. Shivalik 2. Piedmont Plains
3. Alluvial Plains 4. Flood Plains
5. Plains with Sand Dunes
6. Rocky Plains of Aravali Hills
8. Marshy Land
90
1. Shivalik
l Shivalik hills are situated in the North-Eastern
part of the state which include the
North-Eastern part of Panchkula (only hill
station of state), Ambala and Yamunanagar
districts. This region is also known as
Peidmont Plain.
l Shivalik is also known as sub-himalaya. It is
the youngest Himalayan range. This range was
formed during post Pliocene Age. This range
was formed by the deposition of sediments by
rivers in the South of Himalayas.
l Around 1.38% of the area of the state is
covered by Shivalik hills. The average altitude
of Shivalik hills is 300-600 m. However, at
many places their altitude is more than 600 m.
l Around 0.56% and 0.92% area of the state is
covered by Shivalik and Sub-Shivalik hills.
l On the basis of altitude, Shivalik hills has been
categorised into two parts:
(i) Upper Shivalik Ranges The average
height of these ranges is more than the
600 m. Morni hills, the highest hills in
the state is a part of these ranges.
Morni hills lies at a distance of 35 km
from the district of Panchkula. The highest
point on these hills is the Karoh Peak
(1,514 m). Morni hills plays a vital role in
connecting Himalayan Plains. Morni and
Tipra hills are separated by the Ghaggar
river.
(ii) Lower Shivalik Ranges The average
height of these ranges is between 400-600
m. These ranges are formed due to
deposition of silt, pebbles, conglomerates,
etc.
Ghaggar, Markanda, Tangri and
Saraswati rivers originate from Shivalik
ranges. Shivalik hills have intense
slopes due to which these rivers erode
these hills.
Know Your State Haryana
2. Piedmont Plains
l These plains located in South of Shivalik hills.
These plains extend from Yamuna river to
Ghaggar river.
l These plains spread to a wide strip of 25 km
that included the districts of Ambala,
Panchkula and Yamunanagar. The average
height of these plains is 300-375 m.
l Piedmont Plains are a zone of transition
between Shivalik hills and plain areas of the
state. Locally, these plains are known as Ghar.
l In these plains, many pits are formed due to
Himalayan river and streams. These pits are
known as Cho in Pahari language. Ghaggar
and Markanda are main rivers of these plains.
l The rivers which flows from Shivalik carry silt,
pebbles, gravels, conglomerates etc along with
them in large quantity. Due to deposition of
these material in Piedmont Plains, Alluvial
Fans are formed.
l These plains are less fertile. The slope of these
plains is from North-East to South-West.
3. Alluvial Plains
l Alluvial Plains lies between Piedmont Plains of
Shivalik in the North and Aravali hills and
Yamuna and Ghaggar rivers in the South. This
plain is also known as Bhangar in local
language.
l These plains are spread in the districts of
Ambala, Yamunanagar, Kaithal, Karnal,
Kurukshetra, Panipat, Sonipat, Rohtak, Jind,
Hisar, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Gurugram and
Faridabad. These plains has gentle slope and
its direction is from North-East to
South-West.
l The average altitude of these plains is 220-280
m above sea level. Markanda, Saraswati and
Chautang rivers flow in these plains.
l These plains are highly fertile and crops like
wheat and paddy are mainly grown in these
plains.
Geographical Structure of Haryana
4. Flood Plains
l These plains are found in Eastern and
North-Western part of the state. The plains of
Eastern part are undulating in nature in which
, interlinked valley root and marshy lands are
found.
l These plains have been formed due to
deposition of sediments from Yamuna river
and its tributaries. These rivers flow from
Yamunanagar to Faridabad in the state.
l Flood Plains in North-Western part of the
state has been formed due to deposition of
sediments by Ghaggar and Markanda rivers. In
local language, these plains are known as Naili
and Bet.
5. Plains with Sand Dunes
l These plains are known as Sandy plains in
Haryana. These plains are spread in the
South-Western part of the state and along the
border of Rajasthan.
l These plains spread from Southern part of
Sirsa to Hisar, Bhiwani, Mahendragarh,
Rewari and Jhajjar districts.
l These plains have been formed due to
deposition of sands by the hot-dry winds
blowing from the desert areas of Rajasthan.
l The average height of sand dunes is 3 to 6 m,
however the height of these sand dunes reach
upto 15 m at many places. The sand dunes
keep shifting forward in the direction of wind.
l Many low basin areas are formed between sand
dunes and they are locally known as Tal.
During monsoon, these tals gets filled with
water and creates temporary shallow lakes
which are called ‘Thooth or Bawdi’.
l Due to sand dunes, these plains are unfertile.
In these plains, a green belt has been formed
by planting trees to stop the further extention
of sand dunes. The groundwater of these
plains is at deep level and saline.
91
l Currently, with the help of the drip and
sprinkle irrigation, crops such as maize,
jowar, wheat and pulses are grown in these
plains.
6. Rocky Plains of Aravali Hills
l These plains lie in the Southern part of
Haryana and are a part of Aravali hills in
Rajasthan.
l Average elevation of these plains is 225-500 m
above sea level.
l In Haryana, these plains mainly spread in
Gurugram, Faridabad, Rewari, Mewat,
Bhiwani and Mahendragarh districts.
l These plains are rugged, where the residual
hills of Aravali are found. These are low,
broken and scattered.
l The bare, hard and circular rocks of these hills
provide an excellent example of wind erosion
in a semi-arid sandy area.
l These hills receive low rainfall. Thorn bushes
and trees are found in these hills. Limestones
are extracted from these residual hills.
l The highest elevated area of Aravali hills is
located in the South-West part of Narnaul in
Kultajpur village, which is 652 m high. It is
known as Dhosi hills.
l The main stretch of Aravali hills is found in
the Gurugram district.
l Tosham and Indori hills are located in the
Bhiwani and Mewat districts, respectively.
These hills are important part of Aravali.
l The Southern part of Aravali hills is locally
known as Mewat hills.
l Minerals such as rock phosphate, asbestos etc
are extracted.
l There is another branch of Aravali which
extends from Haryana to Delhi. This branch is
known as Delhi Ridge. In Delhi, it stretches
from Dhaula Kuan to Delhi University in
North via Karol Bagh.
92 Know Your State Haryana

l Low lying hills are found between these two branches in the West of Bawal and Rewari towns of
Haryana. Due to solar radiation, the process of disintegration of rocks continues in these hills. As a
result excessive rock debris has gathered in the foothills of these hills.

Indicators
Shivalik
Peidmont Plains
Alluvial Plains
Flood Plains
Plains with Sand Dunes
Rocky Plains of Aravali Hills
Undulating Sandy Plains
Marshy Land

▲ PHYSICAL DIVISIONS OF HARYANA

7. Undulating Sandy Plains

l These plains are formed due to deposition of sand by the winds. These plains spread mainly across
Mahendragarh, Rewari and Gurugram districts of the state.
l In these plains, troughs are found between the ridges. During rainy seasons, troughs are filled by water.
l Apart from sand, deposition of alluvial soil with pebbles is also found in these plains.
l In these plains, sand mounds are also found near the Aravali hills.

8. Marshy Land
l This region is found in the Western part of Sirsa district. It is the region with lowest elevation in
the state i.e. less than 200 m above sea level.
l This region has been formed due to water logging. This is because the Naili area of Sirsa is narrow
and shallow and this area has a very gentle slope.
Geographical Structure of Haryana 93

Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Haryana is located in which part of India? 11. Haryana shares boundary with how many
[Screening Test 2015] states? [HSSC 2015]
(a) North-Western (b) North-Eastern (a) 3 (b) 5
(c) South-Western (d) South-Eastern (c) 6 (d) 4
2. Haryana is located around 300 miles North 12. Which state lies to the South-West of
of the ........... [Haryana Junior Engineer 2018] Haryana? [Haryana Lab Accountant 2018,
(a) Equator (b) Greenwich line TGT 2017]
(c) Tropic of Capricorn (d) Tropic of Cancer (a) Gujarat (b) Punjab
(c) Rajasthan (d) Uttar Pradesh
3. Haryana is a landlocked state, which lies
between the latitudes. [HSSC 2017] 13. Which of the following neighbouring states
(a) 8°37' to 31° 35' N (b) 24°26' to 27°28' N of Haryana lies in its East? [HSSC 2016]
(c) 29°20' to 31°30 N (d) 27°39' to 30°55'5' (a) Rajasthan (b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Himachal Pradesh (d) Punjab
4. The longitudinat extent of Haryana is
(a) 70°28' to 77° 36' E 14. The state located in North-West of Haryana
(b) 74°27' 8'' to 77°36' 5'' E is [HSSC 2016]
(c) 71°28' to 77°36' E (a) Gujarat (b) Punjab
(d) 77°28' to 84°38' E (c) Rajasthan (d) Uttar Pradesh
5. What is the total area of Haryana? 15. Which among the following state shares
[HSSC 2018] boundary with Haryana? [HSSC 2021]
(a) 33,212 sq km (b) 44,212 sq km (a) Himachal Pradesh (b) Sikkim
(c) 55,212 sq km (d) 44,000 sq km (c) Arunachal Pradesh (d) Mizoram
6. In the total area of country, Haryana’s 16. Haryana has bounded Delhi from .......
share is............. . sides.
[Haryana Junior Engineer 2020, [Haryana Lab Attandant 2021, HSSC 2017]
[Haryana Accountant 2018, HSSC 2017] (a) 2 (b) 1
(a) 1.34% (b) 2.58% (c) 3.26% (d) 2.76% (c) 3 (d) 4
7. Haryana is the ............ largest state of India. 17. Haryana shares longest boundry with
(a) 5th (b) 29th (c) 16th (d) 21st which state?
8. There are how many district in Haryana? (a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Rajasthan
(a) 21 (b) 22 (c) Punjab (d) Uttarakhand
(c) 23 (d) 24 18. The river Yamuna flows on the .......
9. In the terms of area, which one of the boundary of the Haryana.
following is the biggest district of Haryana? [Haryana Field Cadre 2020, HSSC 2017]
[Haryana Clerk 2021] (a) Eastern (b) Northern
(a) Sirsa (b) Gurugram (c) Western (d) Southern
(c) Rewari (d) Mahendragarh 19. Which district of Haryana shares border
10. The smallest district of Haryana is with Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan?
(a) Panchkula (b) Gurugram (a) Sonipat (b) Yamunanagar
(c) Bhivani (d) Faridabad (c) Nuh (d) Gurugram
94 Know Your State Haryana

20. Which district of Haryana shares border 31. Shivalik hills cover how much percentage of
with seven other districts? Haryana’s total area?
(a) Rohtak (b) Jind (a) 2.67% (b) 3.42% (c) 1.27% (d) 1.67%
(c) Hisar (d) Panipat 32. On the basis of various geographic features,
21. Name the district of Haryana which is Haryana has been divided in how many
bounded by Rajasthan from three sides. geographical divisions?
(a) Nuh (b) Jhajjar (a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
(c) Rewari (d) Mahendragarh 33. Shivalik hills are present in which part of
22. How many districts of Haryana are Haryana? [HSSC 2020, 18,16]
included in National Capital Region? (a) Northern (b) North-Western
(a) 14 (b) 16 (c) 18 (d) 20 (c) North-Eastern (d) Western
23. The most important change in the 34. The Shivalik hills are not found in the
geological structure of Haryana were district of [PGT 2016]
occurred during which period? (a) Ambala (b) Panchkula
(a) Cenozoic (b) Paleozoic (c) Sirsa (d) Yamunanagar
(c) Mesozoic (d) Ozoic
35. Shivalik hills are located in which district of
24. On the basis of geographical area, Haryana Haryana? [Haryana Accountant 2018]
is divided into which divisions, which one of (a) Rohtak (b) Ambala
the following is not one of them? (c) Gurugram (d) Sonipat
(a) Panipat (b) Kurukshetra
36. Morni hills are located in which district of
(c) Bhivani (d) Mahendragarh
Haryana? [Haryana Ayush Department 2017]
25. Which one of the following districts of (a) Mahendragarh (b) Panchkula
Haryana is not sandy? [HSSC 2016] (c) Ambala (d) Karnal
(a) Sirsa (b) Kurukshetra
37. The highest point of the Morni hills is
(c) Bhivani (d) Bhattiana
known as [Haryana Field Cadre 2020,
26. Which geographical division of Haryana is Haryana Accountant 2018]
also known as ‘Jatiyaat Area’? (a) Karoh peak (b) Garoh peak
(a) Bhattiana (b) Haryana (c) Tosa peak (d) Grasher peak
(c) Kurukshetra (d) All of these
38. The highest peak of Haryana, Karoh peak,
27. The Bhattiyana division had been dominated is located in which district of the state?
by whom in ancient time? [PGT 2016] [HSSC 2010, 2020]
(a) Jats (b) Rajputs (a) Ambala (b) Karnal
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these (c) Yamunanagar (d) Panchkula
28. Which of the following physiographic 39. The highest mountain peak in Haryana,
regions covers largest area? [PGT 2016] located in Panchkula and is part of the
(a) Shivalik hills (b) Sandy area Shivalik hill range of greater Himalayas is
(c) Plains (d) Aravali hills .......... . [HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
29. The .......... is the largest part of the (a) Karoh Peak (b) Nanda Devi
Haryana state. [HSSC Field Cadre 2020] (c) Saltoro Kangri (d) Kamet
(a) Aravali range in the South
40. Which of the following hills act as bridge
(b) Yamuna-Ghaggar Plain
between plains of Himalaya? [HSSC 2018]
(c) Shivalik hills to the North-East
(d) Semi-desert sandy plain (a) Tipra (b) Morni (c) Aravali (d) Ambala

30. On how much area of Haryana the 41. Morni and Tipra hills are separated by
remnants of Aravali hills are extended? ........... river. [Haryana Accountant 2018]
(a) 25.6% (b) 6.24% (a) Yamuna (b) Ghaggar
(c) 3.09% (d) 4.57% (c) Saraswati (d) Markonda
Geographical Structure of Haryana 95

42. Which of the following hill ranges is not in 53. In which part of Haryana sandy plains are
Haryana? [HSSC Field Cadre 2020] found?
(a) Aravali range (b) Morni hills (a) North-East (b) Southern
(c) Shivalik hills (d) Satpura range (c) South-West (d) East
43. The Piedmont Plains in Haryana is drained 54. The Aravali hills do not run through
by which two rivers? (a) Punjab (b) Haryana
(a) Yamuna and Markanda (c) Gujarat (d) Rajasthan
(b) Yamuna and Saraswati
55. Aravali hills are located in which part of
(c) Yamuna and Ghaggar
(d) Yamuna and Chautang
Haryana? [HSSC 2021,
Haryana Field Cadre 2020]
44. What is the average level of elevation of the (a) Northern (b) Southern
Yamuna-Ghaggar plain in Haryana? (c) Eastern (d) Western
(a) 300-375 m (b) 500-1000 m
(c) 300-1200 m (d) 200 m 56. The main presence of Aravali hills is found
in the district of [HSSC 2018]
45. Piedmont Plains are locally known by the (a) Ambala (b) Rohtak
name…… . (c) Gurugram (d) Yamunanagar
(a) Bangar (b) Khadar
(c) Ghar (d) Tal 57. Tosham hills are located in
[PGT 2015]
46. In which of the following districts, (a) Rohtak (b) Hisar
Piedmont Plains are not found? (c) Mahendragarh (d) Bhiwani
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Ambala
(c) Rohtak (d) Panchkula 58. Indori hills are located in [PGT 2015]
(a) Mewat
47. The Alluvial Plains extended between
(b) Palwal
Yamuna and Ghaggar rivers is known as
(c) Rewari
(a) Bangar (b) Khadar (d) Mahendragarh
(c) Undulating plain (d) Marshy land
59. The Southern part of Aravali hills is known
48. The Alluvial Plains in Haryana extend in
by which name? [Haryana Clerk 2019]
which among the following districts?
(a) Marshal hills (b) Mewat hills
(a) Kaithal (b) Panchkula
(c) Karnal (d) Both (a) and (c) (c) Bhangar (d) Yamunanagar

49. Which of the following rivers flows in the 60. The highest elevated area of Aravali hills in
Ghaggar-Yamuna doab? Haryana is
(a) Markanda (b) Saraswati (a) Mewat hills (b) Karoh peak
(c) Chautang (d) All of these (c) Tipra hills (d) Dhosi hills

50. The Flood Plain are found in which part of 61. Undulating sandy plains have been formed
Haryana? by which agent of erosion?
(a) Eastern part (b) North-Western (a) Wind (b) Glaciers
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Southern (c) Water (d) Wave

51. What are the flood plains of Ghaggar river 62. Where are the undulating sandy plains
called in Haryana? found in Haryana? [PGT 2016]
(a) Bangar (b) Khadar (a) Gurugram (b) Rewari
(c) Terai (d) Bet and Naili (c) Mahendragrah (d) All of these
52. Which of the following rivers creates flood 63. Which of the following regions has the
plains in the Eastern Part of Haryana? lowest elevation in Haryana?
(a) Yamuna (a) Semi-desert Plains
(b) Ghaggar (b) Marshy Land
(c) Markanda (c) Alluvial Plains
(d) Chautang (d) Piedmont Plains
96 Know Your State Haryana

64. Naili Area of Sirsa, which is shallow and Which of the statements given above is/are
narrow, is found in which part of Haryana? correct? [TGT 2016]
(a) Plains with sand dunes (a) Only I (b) Only II
(b) Aravali hills (c) Both I and II (d) None of these
(c) Undulating sandy plains
67. Match the following.
(d) Marshy Land
List I List II (Districts Sharing
65. Which one is correctly matched? Boundary with State/UT)
(State/UT)
(a) Karoh peak — Shivalik hills
A. Delhi 1. Jhajjar
(b) Dhosi hills — Morni hills
(c) Mewat hills — Aravali hills B. Uttarakhand 2. Yamunanagar
(d) Ghaggar Plain — Semi-desert plains C. Chandigarh 3. Panchkula

66. Consider the following statements. D. Himachal Pradesh 3. Ambala

I. Haryana lies between the longitude of Codes
74°27°' 8" to 77°36' 5". A B C D A B C D
II. Shivaliks and Aravali hills lie in the (a) 2 1 4 3 (b) 1 2 3 4
Southern part of the state. (c) 4 3 1 2 (d) 3 1 2 4

Answers
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (c)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (a) 40. (b)
41. (b) 42. (d) 43. (c) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (c) 47. (a) 48. (d) 49. (d) 50. (c)
51. (d) 52. (a) 53. (c) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (d) 58. (a) 59. (b) 60. (d)
61. (a) 62. (d) 63. (b) 64. (d) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (b)
CHAPTER 06
Climate of Haryana
l The long-term weather conditions of an area
are called climate. The climate of any state is
determined by the distance from the sea, the
latitudinal position, the North-Western
disturbance and the South-West monsoon.
l India has a tropical monsoon type of climate.
Therefore, the climate of Haryana also falls
under the monsoon climate.
l The state of Haryana has a sub-tropical dry
continental climate due to its location far from
the sea.
l Due to continental type of climate, there is
more variation in the climate of the state. Hence,
rainfall is less and annual temperature is high.
l The Northern region of Haryana, bordering
Himachal Pradesh, has sub-humid climate and
the Southern region bordering Rajasthan has
dry climate.
l The climate of Haryana can also be called as
the climate between the semi-arid climate of
the Eastern part of Rajasthan and the humid
climate of the Ganga Plains.
l Due to the diversity in the climate of Haryana,
there is a considerable difference in temperature
and rainfall. Hence, there is absence of rain,
high temperature and evaporation in summer
and low temperature in winter.
Classification of Climate
in Haryana
According to the climatic classification of
Wladimir Koppen, Haryana has mainly two
types of climate. The description of these
climates is as follows:
Humid Subtropical Climate (Caw)
l The extension of this type of climate is found
in a 72 km wide strip spread in the South of
the Shivalik range. The average winter
temperature in this region is found to be less
than 18° C and the January temperature
reaches 3°-4°C.
l The temperature of Northern part of Shivalik
range reaches to freezing point at night. Thus,
the climate of Shivalik has an impact on the
climate of the state.
Hot Steppe Climate (Bsh)
l This type of climate is found in most parts of
the state. This climatic region receives rainfall
from the South-West monsoon coming from
the Bay of Bengal.
l This climatic region does not receive have
excess rainfall, due to which the temperature
of the state in summer is very high and there
is a lot of evaporation.
98
Climatic Features of Haryana
l In India, after 21st March, the Sun shifts
Northwards and on 21st June it is near
the Tropic of Cancer.
l Haryana lies North of the Tropic of
Cancer, due to which the center of low
pressure is made by the effect of high
temperature, in North-West India.
Haryana is also affected by this, as it is a
part of North-West India.
l After 21st September, the temperature
starts falling due to the Southward shift of
the Sun, which also affects Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
l North-West disturbance and South-West monsoon
have a direct effect on the continental condition of
the state.
l From July, when the isobars of 998 millibars passes
through the Western part of Haryana, the direction
of the winds turns from West and South-West to
North-East.
l In January, when the isobar line of 1018 millibars
crosses the Eastern part of the state, then the
direction of winds is towards North and North-West.
l Such a diversified dry, semi-arid, sub-humid
tropical climate is found from South to North in
the state.
Climate of Haryana
Temperature in Haryana
l The temperature in the state rises sharply from
March to June. In the month of June, there are
variations in temperature, such as the average
temperature is found higher in the Northern
parts and the temperature of the South-Eastern
parts of the state is found lower.
l Sometimes in the month of May - June, the
daily temperature in some districts of the state
even reaches 49° C and 50° C in the desert
affected areas.
l The intensity of temperature is more effective
in the South-Western parts of the state.
l With the arrival of monsoon in the month of
June, the temperature of the state suddenly
starts falling and the temperature of July
became very low.
l When the sky became clear in
September-October, then a slight increase in
temperature is felt. It is known as the Second
Season of summer.
l From October to January, Haryana’s
temperature keeps falling continuously. In the
Northern parts of the state, there is much
difference between the winter and summer
temperatures (annual temperature), which is
the feature of continentality.
l The annual range of temperature in the
Southern part of the state is low. Hence, it is
said to be of high temperature due to ocean
effect and proximity to the equator.
l In many places of the state, the daily
temperature is higher in May. In the month of
January, the temperature in the Northern
Shivalik region reaches below 0°C.
Major Seasons of Haryana
Seasons are a major feature of the climate of
the state. According to meteorologists,
three types of seasons are found in Haryana.
99
In each season there is a difference in
temperature, pressure, direction of winds and
amount of rainfall and its duration.
The following are the three major seasons of the
state:
1. Summer Season
l The summer season in the state starts from
April to the end of June. The average
temperature in this season is around 35°C.
l The highest temperature in the state is
recorded only in May-June.
l This season records a temperature of 40°C in
Ambala and 46°C in Hisar in the state. Hisar
is the hottest district of the state.
l This season is generally dry i.e. humidity is
very low.
l Due to high temperature in this season, dust
storm or Loo blows in the state, which is hot,
dry and strong wind.
l This storm blows in the South and
South-West of the state. Loo normally blows
in North India during summers.
l Loo or storm absorbs the moisture of the
crops, causing damaging of crops.
l This storm also affects human health as it
causes dehydration (lack of water in the body)
and fever.
2. Winter Season
l The winter season in the state lasts from
mid-September to March. The average
temperature of the state in this season ranges
from about 12°C to 14° C in the winter and
the lowest temperature in the months of
December - January (from 3° C to 4° C).
l The dry season is found in the South-Western
part of the state. Mahendragarh district lies in
this part.
100
l During this season Ambala records about 12.8°
C and Hisar records about 13.6° C temperature
in the state.
3. Rainy Season
l The rainy season in the state starts from the
beginning of July to mid-September. Haryana
comes under the states with low rainfall. The
average rainfall in the state ranges from 40 to 60
cm (400 to 600 mm).
l The difference in rainfall in the state is due to
the difference in its geographical location.
There is a difference in rainfall, humidity and
lack of sunshine during the rainy season, due to
which the temperature starts falling. Substantial
difference in temperature is observed in the
months of July and August.
l The foothills of Shivalik in the state receive
more rainfall than other regions of the state. For
example, districts in the South-Western part
along the border of Rajasthan receive less than
30 cm of rainfall, while the Shivalik region
receives 110 cm of rainfall.
l Rainfall in the state is irregular, erratic and
uneven. Rainfall in Haryana occurs mainly in
two seasons. The first is during the Indian
monsoon period in the months of June to
September and the second in the winter season
from December to February.
l 80% of the rainfall in the state occurs from the
South-West monsoon coming from the Bay of
Bengal in the months of July to September.
l 10-15% rainfall in the state occurs in the rainy
months of January-March (winter) due to the
Western Disturbance coming from the Persian
Gulf. It is called Maavath in the local language.
Winter rains are significant for rabi crops.
l North-Eastern part of the state receives highest
rainfall. Chhachhrauli town of Yamunanagar is
called Cherrapunji of Haryana due to excessive
rainfall.
Know Your State Haryana
l The districts with highest average rainfall in
the state are Ambala, Yamunanagar,
Kurukshetra, Kaithal, Karnal, Jind and
Sonipat.
l Ambala in the state receives the highest
rainfall. It is located in the North-East of the
state. It is surrounded by hills of Shivalik.
l The South-Western part of the state receives
the least rainfall (about 25-28 cm).
l The districts of the state with lowest annual
rainfall are Sirsa, Hisar, Bhiwani, Rewari,
Rohtak, Faridabad, Gurugram and
Mahendragarh.
l Sirsa district of the state receives the least
rainfall.
Distribution of Rainfall in Haryana
The distribution of rainfall in Haryana is seen
by dividing the Eastern and Western divisions.
Thus, the rainfall distribution in these two
regions is as follows:
1. Eastern Division
l This division include Panchkula, Ambala,
Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Kaithal,
Panipat, Sonipat, Faridabad, Mewat and
Palwal, along with some parts of Jind,
Rohtak, Jhajjar and Gurugram.
l This division includes approximately 49% of
the total land area of the state. This division
is called highly moisture land. The average
rainfall in this division is between 500 to
1100 mm.
l More than 75-80% of the total rainfall in this
division occurs in the month from July to
September. The remaining, 10% rainfall in
summer and 10-15% rainfall occurs in
winter.
l In this division, the average rainfall has been
recorded around 20-30 mm for 30 days in
a year.
Climate of Haryana
l The daily average amount of rainfall from the
Western Disturbance in the Eastern region has
been recorded around 8-14 mm, which has been
recorded from South-Western regions to
North-Eastern regions, respectively.
l For 8-10 months, the normal temperature in
this region remains around 20° C. In the month
of May - June, the normal temperature is found
more than 40° C. Therefore, the months of
May-June are warm in this region and the
months of December - January are cold.
2. Western Division
l In the Western- Division of Haryana, districts of
Sirsa, Hisar, Fatehabad, Bhiwani, Mahendragarh,
Rewari along with some parts of Jind, Jhajjar,
Rohtak and Gurugram are also included.
Mahendragarh is the driest region of the state of
Haryana.
l This division receives 80-85% of the total
rainfall in the year from the South-West
monsoon in the months of July- September.
l The period from October to the middle of April
is usually dry. The South-Western part of the
state is generally dry, where normal rainfall is
also less than 400 mm.
101
l The tracts of Gurugram and Mahendragarh
districts of Western division are included in
semi-arid regions, with average rainfall up to
400-500 mm. The Lohar subdivision of
Bhiwani district has recorded normal annual
rainfall less than 300 mm.
Variability of Rainfall
lThe amount of rainfall exceeding the average
or less than the average is called ‘variability
of rainfall’. It is measured in both directions
of average rainfall.
lIn areas where the variability of rainfall is
less, sufficient water is available for crops
and where there is high variability, it
becomes difficult to do agricultural activities
without means of irrigation.
lIn Haryana, the variability of rainfall is seen
increasing in the direction of North-West to
South-East. Due to this effect, the Southern
region of the state is affected by drought.
lThe state receives frequent floods due to
80% rainfall in July to September.
Therefore, due to the variability of rainfall in
the state, both flood and drought conditions
are found.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Haryana has sub-tropical dry continental 8. In which part of Haryana, the average
climate due to temperature is found high in the state?
(a) being a land-lock state. (a) Northern part (b) Southern part
(b) distance from the Himalayan mountains. (c) South-Western part (d) Eastern part
(c) distance from the sea. 9. Which months record higher temperature in
(d) lack of rivers. Haryana?
2. The climate of Haryana is (a) March-April (b) May-June
[Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018] (c) June-July (d) July-August
(a) sub-humid temperate type 10. Which month is known as the ‘Second
(b) sub-humid sub-tropical type Season of Summer’ in Haryana?
(c) sub-tropical continental type
(a) July-August
(d) continental type
(b) August-September
3. Which type of climate is found in the (c) October-November
Northern region of Haryana? (d) September-October
(a) Sub-humid climate 11. In which month, the daily temperature
(b) Dry climate remains higher in most places of Haryana?
(c) Humid-evergreen climate
(a) February (b) March
(d) Temperate-humid climate
(c) April (d) May
4. The climate of Haryana can also be
12. Which month is the coldest in Haryana
called as
when the temperature goes below the
(a) humid climate freezing point?
(b) semi-arid climate
[HSSC 2016, Haryana Patwari Exam 2015]
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(a) January (b) December
(d) intermediate climate between the semi-arid
(c) November (d) February
and humid climate
13. When is the Summer season in Haryana?
5. According to Wladimir Koppen, Haryana
[HSSC 2019]
has how many types of climate?
(a) April to June (b) January to March
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) March to May (d) July to September
(c) 3 (d) 4
14. What is the average temperature of
6. Which type of climate is found in most of
Summer season in Haryana?
the state of Haryana?
(a) 30°C (b) 35°C
(a) Tropical climate
(c) 42°C (d) 49°C
(b) Warm Steppe climate
(c) Desert climate 15. Which of the following months is the hottest
(d) Humid climate in Haryana? [Haryana Field Cadre 2020]
(a) July (b) May
7. Which of the following is correct in
(c) March (d) April
association of Warm Steppe climate?
(a) High temperature in Summer 16. Which of the following is the hottest district
(b) High rate of evaporation in Haryana State?
(c) Both (a) and (b) (a) Sirsa (b) Hisar
(d) None of the above (c) Sonipat (d) Jind
Climate of Haryana 103

17. During summer season ‘Loo’ blows in which 26. The rainfall which is caused by Western
region of Haryana? Disturbance is known as
(a) Eastern part (a) Maavath (b) Kothli
(b) Northern part (c) Sindhara (d) Gidda
(c) South and South-Western part 27. Which part of Haryana receives highest
(d) Central part rainfall? [Haryana Anganwadi 2017]
18. In Haryana the winter season lasts from (a) South-Western
(a) Mid-September to March (b) North-Western
(b) October to January (c) North-Eastern
(c) November to February (d) Southern
(d) December to March
28. Which area of Haryana is known as
19. During winter season, what is the average ‘Cherrapunji of Haryana’?
temperature in Haryana? (a) Chhachhrauli (b) Kosli
[Haryana Police 2016] (c) Rewari (d) Thanesar
(a) 5°C (b) 10°C
29. Which of the following districts receives
(c) 12°C (d) 20°C
highest average rainfall in Haryana?
20. In Haryana which season is experienced from [HSSC 2019, Anganwadi 2017]
July to mid-September? (a) Sirsa (b) Mewat
(a) Rainy season (b) Winter season (c) Hisar (d) Ambala
(c) Summer season (d) None of these
30. Which part of Haryana receives least
21. What is the average rainfall in the state of rainfall? [HSSC 2017, 16]
Haryana? (a) North-Western (b) North-Eastern
[Haryana Accountant 2018, PGT 2016] (c) South-Eastern (d) South-Western
(a) 30-40 cm (b) 40-50 cm
31. Which district of Haryana receives least
(c) 40-60 cm (d) 80-100 cm
rainfall? [HSSC 2018]
22. What is the reason behind the falling of (a) Sonipat (b) Ambala
temperature during rainy season in (c) Sirsa (d) Rohtak
Haryana?
32. Which of the following is not a part of
(a) Difference in rainfall
Eastern Division of Haryana?
(b) Difference in humidity
(a) Sirsa (b) Kaithal
(c) Lake of sunshine
(c) Karnal (d) Sonipat
(d) All of the above
23. The Shivalik region of Haryana receives how 33. What is the average rainfall of the
much rainfall during rainy season? Eastern Division of Haryana?
(a) 400-500 mm
(a) 90 cm (b) 100 cm
(b) 600-800 mm
(c) 110 cm (d) 150 cm
(c) 500-1100 mm
24. Around 80% rainfall in Haryana is due to (d) 700-1200 mm
(a) South-West monsoon
34. Which district is a part of the Western
(b) Eastern winds
Division of Haryana?
(c) Western disturbances
(a) Rewari (b) Mahendragarh
(d) Cold waves
(c) Bhiwani (d) All of these
25. In which season the Western Disturbance
causes rainfall in Haryana? 35. Which part of Haryana remains dry?
(a) Northern part
(a) Summer season
(b) Eastern part
(b) Spring season
(c) South-Western part
(c) Winter season
(d) Western part
(d) None of the above
104 Know Your State Haryana

36. The driest region of Haryana is [HSSC 2017] Codes

(a) Rewari (b) Mahendragarh (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
(c) Bhiwani (d) Rohtak explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the
37. Assertion (A) Ambala receives the highest correct explanation of A
rainfall in Haryana. (c) A is true, but R is false
Reason (R) It is surrounded by Shivalik (d) A is false, but R is true
hills. [HSSC 2018]

Answers
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (a)
CHAPTER 07
Soil Resources
in Haryana
l Haryana is an agricultural state, so the soil
resources have an important contribution
in determining the nature of vegetation and
agriculture in the state.
l The soils found in the state determine
agricultural land use, regional distribution
of crops, quantity of production, variation
of vegetation, etc.
l In the state, the expansion of hilly area is
less and the expansion of plain area is more,
which affects the distribution of soil.
Hence, uneven distribution of soil is found
in the state.
Regional Distribution of
Soil in Haryana
l Haryana is mostly a plain area. Most of the
soil in the plains of Haryana is formed
from sediments brought by rivers,
which are called alluvium. This soil is more
fertile.
l Sand and sandy soils are present in the
South-Western part of Haryana which are
brought here by winds blowing from
Rajasthan. This soil is not very fertile.
Classification of Soil on the
Basis of Topography
Soil of Haryana is divided into three categories on
the basis of topography:
1. Soil of Mountainous Area The soil of
mountainous area is hard, thin and rocky.
This type of soil can be seen on the Morni
Hills in Haryana.
2. Soil of the Plain Area Most of the soil in the
plain area comes under Khadar area, due to
which the soil is more fertile. The
predominant feature of the soil of the plain is
its pale brown colour. The soil of the plains in
the state is spread through the rivers Yamuna
and Saraswati.
The plains in the state are made up of sand,
mud, silt and hard calcarea gravels. Hence,
the soil of this region is locally known as
Kankers.
3. Sandy Soil The sandy soil is mostly spread in
the South-Western part of Haryana. The light
brown colour is a main feature of sandy soil.
The spread of sandy soil in the state is due to
the strong winds blowing from the
neighbouring state of Rajasthan.
106
Classification of Soil on the Basis
of Physical and Chemical
Properties
The regional distribution of crops in Haryana
is due to variations in soil. On the basis of
organisation of soils and qualities of fertiliser in
the state, agricultural scientist Dr. Jasbir Singh
mainly divided the soils of Haryana into 6
categories:
1. Light soil (sandy - loam soil)
2. Extremely light soil
3. Medium soil (thick loam, light loam
and loam)
4. Heavy and very heavy soils
5. Shivalik, piedmont and foothills soils
6. Generally heavy soil (Khadar and Bangar)
1. Light Soils
This soil mainly consists of sandy loam and
loam soils. According to Dr. Jasbir Singh, this
soil is characterised by the presence of silt, sand
and clay and can be divided into the following
two categories:
(i) Sandy - Loam Soil This soil is soft and it
has low water holding capacity, so
adequate irrigation system is required to
get more productivity in this soil.
This soil is found in some villages of
Sirsa tehsil and in Dabwali tehsil. The
ratio of silt, clay and sand is almost equal
in this soil.
(ii) Relatively Sandy-Loam Soil It is a
mixture of loam soil and sandy-loam soil.
The belt of this soil is present between
sandy-loam soil and loam soil in
South-Western Haryana. In the state, this
soil is also called Rosali in local language.
This soil is found in the districts of Hisar,
Bhiwani, Rewari, Gurugram and Jhajjar
(only in some parts) of Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
This soil has more water holding capacity. This
soil can be made more fertile by drip irrigation
and sprinkler irrigation. More sand is found in
this soil than silt and clay due to which it is
considered useful for agriculture.
2. Extremely Light Soil
l It is sandy and loam-dominated soil. The
quantity of lime is high in this soil. This soil is
found in the arid region of the state, because the
soil lacks vegetative elements and the soil
particles are unorganised.
l The extension of this soil is found from the
Southern part of Sirsa to Fatehabad, Bhiwani,
Mahendragarh and Hisar.
l Wind erosion is more in this soil due to its
lightness. The area of this soil is dominated by
sand dunes. This soil has less ability to
absorb water. For this reason such crops are
sown in it, which require less water, like millet,
gram etc.
l The state government is promoting Dry Land
Farming to increase productivity in the areas of
this soil.
3. Medium Soil
This soil is more fertile than other soils. This soil
consists of three soils, which are as follows:
(i) Thick Loam The particles of this soil are
thick. This soil is found in the Nuh tehsil of
the state and in the lower areas of Western
Ferozepur Jhirka.
(ii) Light Loam This soil is mainly found in
South-Western Ambala and Southern part
of Narayangarh tehsil of the state. Along
with this, it is also found in the Northern
part of Mewat, North-Western part of Nuh
and in the areas of Central Rewari.
(iii) Loam Soil It is found in a very large part of
Yamuna-Ghaggar plain in the state. This
soil is highly fertile. When there is sufficient
rainfall, this soil produce good harvest.
Soil Resources in Haryana
Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, etc. are produced
more in this soil. This soil is found in Central parts
of the state, mainly Jind, Kaithal, Sonipat, Panipat,
Gurugram Kurukshetra, etc.
4. Heavy and Very Heavy Soils
l This soil is found on the banks of rain-fed rivers of
the state. This soil has a predominance of clayey
silt. This soil becomes sticky in the rainy season
and hardens in the dry season.
l In the Ghaggar area of Thanesar and Fatehabad,
hard clay is found which is known as Solar and
ferruginous clay is found in Jagadhri which is
known as Dakar.
l The productivity of this soil can be increased by
various organic and chemical fertilisers. In this soil,
rice, wheat, gram and barley can be grown.
5. Shivalik, Piedmont and Foothills Soils
l The main reason for the occurrence of these soils in
the state is the expansion of the Shivalik in the
North-Eastern part and the Aravali hills in the
South.
l These soils are mainly found in the districts of
Panchkula, Ambala, Yamunanagar, etc.
The description of these soils are as follows:
Shivalik Soils
l This soil contains sandstone, sand, clay, gravel and
other elements. It is found in the Kalka of
Panchkula and Narayangarh tehsil of Ambala.
Piedmont Soil
l This soil is found in the piedmont region of
Shivalik. This soil is of low quality due to the
predominance of sand and gravel elements.
l This soil is found in the Kalka of Panchkula,
Narayangarh tehsil of Ambala and Jagadhri tehsil
of Yamunanagar. In Kalka and Narayangarh tehsils,
it is called Dhar and in Jagadhri tehsil, it is called
Kandhi.
l This soil is eroded on a wide scale through rain-fed
drains and streams.
107
Foothills Soil
l Rocky and sandy soils are found in the
region of Aravalli range in the Southern
part of Haryana.
l This soil is less fertile and shallow.
Therefore, agricultural activities are
carried out less on this soil.
l This soil is limited to areas like Bhiwani,
Dadri, Gurugram, Faridabad, Palwal, etc.
6. Generally Heavy Soil
l This soil with silt is also called Khadar soil.
This soil has low water holding capacity,
thus it hardens when the soil dries.
l This soil is mainly found in
Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra, Karnal,
Panipat, Sonipat and Faridabad.
l This soil is called New Khadar as it
receives flood water every year. This soil
on the higher reaches is called Bangar.
Khadar and Bangar
l
Khadar soil is new alluvium. The Khadar soil
is renewed each year due to the deposition
of alluvial sediments brought by the
recurring floods. Therefore, the area of
Khadar soil is the most fertile area.
l
Lime, potash, magnesium, etc. are found
mainly in the Khadar soil.
l
This soil is also known by local names like
balua-silt, balua-matiyar domat, matiyar
domat etc.
l
Chemical fertilisers are not required to
increase fertility of this soil. Jute and rice are
mainly cultivated in this soil.
l
Bangar is an old alluvial soil, which is found in
the Doab region between two rivers.
l
Bangar soil lacks in nitrogen and phosphorus.
l
This soil is also known by local names like
uphar, domat, matiyar domat and matiyar
- balui - domat, etc.
l
This soil is suitable for rabi crops. This type of
soil is also called red chestnut in
Yamunanagar district of the state.
108
Soil Erosion in Haryana
l Soil erosion is the main problem in the state.
It destroys the top fertile layer of soil.
l Soil erosion is also called Nirdayi Shatru or
Rengati Mrityu of agriculture.
l Soil erosion in the state is mainly occurred
through water and wind.
l Soil erosion by water in the state occurs
mainly in the piedmont part of Shivalik in the
North-Eastern mountainous region, as the
annual average rainfall of this region is more
than 100 cm. Here, the intensity of seasonal
rainfall is more than 2.5 cm per day.
l Soil erosion by water occurs mainly in
Panchkula, Ambala and Yamunanagar
districts.
l Soil erosion by wind occurs in the state mainly
in the Southern and South-Western districts
located near Rajasthan.
l The main reason for soil erosion by wind in
these areas is low rainfall and presence of sandy
soil. Soil erosion by wind occurs mainly in
Hisar, Sirsa, Bhiwani, Mahendragarh, Rewari
and Gurugram.
Soil Salinity and Alkalinity
in Haryana
l About one-third of the land area of the state
suffers from alkalinity and salinity problem.
Over-irrigation is the major cause of salinity
and alkalinity in the state.
l Due to irrigation through canals by the
farmers of the state, the level of ground water
has come up, as a result the problem of water
logging has arisen. In this situation, soluble
salts accumulate in the soil.
l The accumulation of alkalis and salts on the
soil surface increases due to insufficient
leaching and low rainfall in the state.
Know Your State Haryana
l Although during the rainy season, the soil salts
dissolve in the water and move to the lower
surface of the soil, but due to excessive
evaporation in the dry and hot season, the soil
salts reassemble on the top surface of the soil,
which can be seen in the form of white layers.
l The problem of alkalinity is more common in
sandy soil. Both salt and alkali are present in
the loam soil.
l The presence of salts and alkalis on the top
surface of the soil destroys the fertility of soil.
This soil problem in the state is called Kallar
and Reh. This soil is mainly affected by salts
and bases.
Status of Salinity and Alkalinity in
the Districts of Haryana
l The Southern part of Ambala, Kurukshetra,
Kaithal, Karnal, South-East Jind, Panipat,
Sonipat, Jhajjar, Rohtak, Gurugram,
Faridabad, etc. are prone to salinity and
alkalinity problems in Haryana.
l Eastern Hisar, North-Eastern Bhiwani, Rohtak,
etc. districts of the state are prone to salinity.
l Northern Jind, Hisar, East Bhiwani, Jhajjar,
Gurugram, Rewari, Mahendragarh, etc. are
the districts of potential saline soils in the
state.
l Hisar, Fatehabad, Jind, Kaithal, Kurukshetra,
Panipat, Sonipat, etc. districts of the state are
affected by the problem of Thur and Kallar.
Other Soil Problems in Haryana
Other soil problems in the state are as follows:
lDepletion of Soil Fertility Due to the
cultivation in fertile plains of Haryana since
the ancient time, the natural fertility of the soil
is decreasing in the state. Another reason for
the decrease in soil fertility in the state is the
adoption of faulty method of agriculture.
Soil Resources in Haryana 109

l Lack of Moisture in the Soil Most of the land
area of Haryana is semi-arid due to lack of
moisture in the soil. Along with this, the
evaporation of moisture from the soil is high,
mainly due to the strong sunlight during the
long period of dry and hot weather.
Measures of Soil Conservation in
Haryana
Following measures can be taken for soil
conservation in the state:
l Plantation Soil erosion can be prevented by
planting trees in areas where there is lack of
forests.
l Control on Overgrazing Animal husbandry is
also an important economic activity in the
state. Pasture land should be developed for
animals and overgrazing should be controlled
on empty fields. It is because when animals
move into empty fields, they loosen the soil
from their hooves, which subsequently become
degraded.
l Linear Plantation In the dry areas of Hisar,
Bhiwani, Sirsa and Mahendragarh districts,
the plants should be planted in linear pattern
for conservation of fields. This can also
prevent soil erosion.
l Construction of Dams Dams should be
constructed in the areas of the state where
there is flood. It will control the flow of water
and also soil erosion.

Multiple
Choice Questions
1. What is the reason for the soil fertility of 6. The plains in the state are made up of sand,
the plain areas of Haryana? mud, silt and hard calcarea gravel. Hence,
(a) Due to abundance of nutritions in the land. the soil of this region is locally known by
(b) Due to sediments brought down by rivers. which name? [HSSC 2019]
(c) Due to application of organic fertilisers. (a) Kankers (b) Saras
(d) Due to mixed farming. (c) Bunkars (d) Karnals
2. The soil of mountainous area of Haryana is 7. .......... is the main feature of sandy soil.
............ [Haryana Police Sub-Inspector 2018] (a) Brown soil
(a) Black (b) Yellow (c) Clay (d) Rocky (b) Red soil
3. Which region of Haryana has abundance of (c) Light Brown colour
mountainous soil? (d) None of the above
(a) Aravalli hills (b) Morni hills 8. The soil found in the South Western part of
(c) Shivalik hills (d) South-Western hills Haryana is............ .
4. Most of the soils of the plain area come (a) Alluvial soil (b) Sandy soil
under which area of Haryana? (c) Piedmont soil (d) All of these
(a) Khadar (b) Bangar 9. What is the reason of the spreading of
(c) Doab (d) All of these sandy soil in Haryana?
5. Which of the following rivers does not (a) Flow of rivers
deposit sediment in the plain areas of (b) Strong winds blowing from the
Haryana? neighbouring state of Rajasthan
(a) Yamuna (b) Ghaggar (c) Weathering of rocks
(c) Saraswati (d) None of these (d) All of the above
110 Know Your State Haryana

10. Due to organisation of soils, the soils of 20. Which crop is grown more in loam soil of
Haryana are divided into how many Haryana?
categories? (a) Wheat (b) Cotton
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7 (c) Rice (d) All of these
11. Light soil of Haryana is divided into how 21. Which soil is mainly found on the banks of
many categories? rain-fed rivers of Haryana?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 (a) Khadar soil
12. Which soil is known as Rosali in Haryana? (b) Bangar soil
(a) Relatively sandy-loam soil [PGT 2016] (c) Heavy and very heavy soil
(b) Sandy-loam soil (d) All of the above
(c) Light loam 22. Which soil is locally known as ‘Dakar soil’?
(d) Loam soil (a) Generally heavy soil
13. To make relatively sandy-loam soil more (b) Heavy and very heavy soil
fertile, which irrigation method is used in (c) Shivalik soil
Haryana? (d) Piedmont soil
(a) Drip irrigation (b) Sprinkler irrigation 23. Fertility of which soil can be increased by
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these various organic and chemical fertilisers?
14. Which of the following is the feature of (a) Khadar soil
extremely light soil? (b) Heavy and very heavy soil
(a) Lack of sand and loam (c) Bangar soil
(b) Lack of lime (d) Piedmont soil
(c) Lack of vegetative elements 24. What is the main reason for the occurrence
(d) Lack of light matters of Shivalik and Piedmont soils in Haryana?
15. Which of the following statements is not (a) Expansion of the Shivalik in the
correct about the extremely light soil of North-Eastern part of Haryana.
Haryana? (b) Expansion of Aravalli hills in the South of
(a) This soil has less ability to absorb water. Haryana
(b) The extension of this soil is found in (c) Both (a) and (b)
Mahendragarh and Hisar. (d) None of the above
(c) The state government is promoting dry land 25. Shivalik soil contains which of the following
farming to increase productivity of this soil. elements in it?
(d) None of the above (a) Clay (b) Gravel
16. For the improvement of which soil of (c) Sandstone (d) All of these
Haryana, the State Government is 26. Which of the following regions does not
promoting dry land farming? have the expansion of foothills soils of
(a) Extremely light soil (b) Light soil Haryana?
(c) Medium soil (d) Generally heavy soil (a) Dadri (b) Faridabad
17. Extremely light soil is found in which of the (c) Mahendragarh (d) Bhiwani
following districts? [HSSC 2016] 27. Which soil is also known as ‘Khadar soil’?
(a) Hisar (b) Bhiwani (a) Generally heavy soil
(c) Sirsa (d) All of these (b) Thick and very heavy soil
18. Medium soil found in the south-western (c) Foothill soil
part of Haryana is divided into how many (d) None of the above
categories? 28. In which region generally heavy soil is
(a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) Five found in Haryana?
19. Which type of soil is found in the districts of (a) Kurukshetra
Nuh and Ferozepur Jhirka? (b) Yamunanagar
(a) Thick Loam (b) Light Loam (c) Sonipat
(c) Loam soil (d) All of these (d) All of the above
Soil Resources in Haryana 111

29. Which element is found abundantly in 37. Wind erosion takes place in which district
Khadar soil? of Haryana?
(a) Lime (b) Potash (a) Sirsa
(c) Magnesium (d) All of these (b) Hisar
30. Which crop is mainly cultivated in Khadar (c) Rewari
soil? (d) All of the above
(a) Jute (b) Rice 38. How much land area of Haryana suffers
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these from alkalinity and salinity problem?
31. Which soil lacks in nitrogen and phosphorus? (a) Half
(b) One-third
(a) Khadar (b) Medium soil
(c) Two-third
(c) Bangar (d) None of these
(d) None of the above
32. In which of the following districts of
39. The accumulation of alkalis and salts on
Haryana red chestnut soil is found?
soil surface is found in Haryana due to
[Haryana Fire Station Officer 2018]
which of the following?
(a) Rohtak (b) Sirsa
(a) Less rainfall
(c) Yamunanagar (d) Bhiwani
(b) Insufficient leaching
33. Which of the following soil types is not found (c) Both (a) and (b)
in Haryana? [HSSC 2020] (d) None of the above
(a) Mountain Soil (b) Alluvial Soil
40. Which soil is known as ‘Kallar’ and ‘Reh’?
(c) Red Soil (d) Black Soil
(a) Soil mainly affected by salts and bases.
34. ……… is the main problem of soil erosion in (b) Soil deposited by wind and water.
Haryana. [Haryana Police Constable 2016] (c) Soil which uses organic fertilisers.
(a) Drought (b) Wind erosion (d) All of the above
(c) Earthquake (d) Flood
41. Which of the following is responsible for
35. Which of the following facts is not true about the decrease in soil fertility?
soil erosion? (a) Construction of dams
(a) Wind and water are mainly responsible for (b) Adoption of faulty methods of
soil erosion. agriculture
(b) Soil becomes less fertile due to soil erosion.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(c) Soil erosion is also known as ‘Rengati Mrityu’.
(d) None of the above
(d) None of the above
42. Which of the following is/are an/the
36. The reason for soil erosion in Haryana is
important measure for soil conservation?
......... . [Haryana Police Sub-Inspector 2018]
(a) Control on Overgrazing
(a) Red colour
(b) Wind erosion (b) Linear Plantation
(c) Gravels (c) Construction of Dams
(d) Drought (d) None of the above

Answers
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (d)
21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (c)
31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (d) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (a)
41. (b) 42. (d) 43. () 44. () 45. () 46. () 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 08
Drainage System of
Haryana
l Drainage generally means the flow of rivers.
Rivers flow in various forms and these forms
are, called drainage patterns. The drainage
system is the special arrangement of water flow
created by the main river and its tributaries.
l It is a type of network in which the rivers meet
and form a directional flow of water. The area
through which the rivers flow is called its
drainage area or basin.
l The drainage system of a particular area
depends on the composition and nature of
rocks, topography, slope, amount of running
water, etc.
l The rivers flowing in the state of Haryana are
mentioned in the Rigveda text. In ancient
times, there was abundance of water sources in
the Haryana region.
l The State of Haryana is a large plain area, which
is situated as a water divide between the Ganges
and the Indus river systems.
l The vast plains of Haryana state are drained by
rivers like Yamuna, Ghaggar, Markanda, etc.
l Due to the abundance of plain area, no
perennial river originates from the state.
l Most of the rivers of the state of Haryana flow
in the South and some rivers flow near the state
boundaries.
Classification of Drainage
System
According to the geographical features of
Haryana, the drainage system is classified into
two parts:
1. Northern drainage system
2. Southern drainage system
1. Northern Drainage System
The rivers in the Northern drainage system
originate from Shivalik ranges of the
Himalayan mountains. These rivers are mostly
perennial.
The rivers in this system are as follows:
Yamuna River
lThe ancient name of Yamuna river is Yami.
It originates from Yamunotri glacier on the
Banderpunch range of Garhwal Himalayas
of Uttarakhand. The altitude of this range is
6316 m above mean sea level.
lYamuna river enters Haryana from Kalesar in
the North of Tajewala of Yamunanagar
district.
lYamuna river is the largest tributary of
Ganga. It is a perennial river.
Drainage System of Haryana
l Yamuna river enters Delhi after flowing
through Yamunanagar, Karnal, Panipat,
Sonipat, etc. districts of Haryana. After
leaving Delhi, it again enters Faridabad
district of Haryana state.
l After leaving Faridabad, it enters Aligarh
district of Uttar Pradesh at a place called
Hasanpur. Hence, Yamuna flows in the
Eastern region of the state border.
l The river Yamuna forms a boundary line of
320 km long between Uttar Pradesh and
Haryana.
l Hathnikund barrage has been constructed on
the Yamuna river at Tajewala of
Yamunanagar, from where the East Yamuna
Canal and the Western Yamuna Canal
originate.
l The Western Yamuna Canal provides water
to the districts of Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra,
Karnal, Panipat, Sirsa, Jind, Sonipat, Rohtak,
etc.
l The tributaries of Yamuna in the plains are
Tons, Giri and Asan. Somb, Pathrala and
Budhi Ganga are the tributaries of Yamuna
in the state.
l Somb and Pathrala, tributaries of the Yamuna
river, originate from Sirmaur district of
Himachal Pradesh. These rivers jointly meet
the Yamuna river at a place called
Mehramajra.
Saraswati River
lThis river is a very ancient river. Vedic
Civilisation flourished on the banks of this
river.
lIn Rigveda, Saraswati river is described as a
very strong river. Sage Ved Vyasa composed
the Mahabharata on the banks of this river.
lThis river originates from the hills of Shivalik
situated on the border of Sirmaur district of
Himachal Pradesh.
113
l The river enters the state from a place called
Adi Badri of Yamunanagar district. Presently, it
is a seasonal river.
l Tangri and Markanda are major tributaries of
Saraswati river.
l The Chautang river joins this river near Bhaini.
l At a place called Pehowa, the Markanda river
joins the Saraswati river to form the modern
Saraswati. Later, it becomes extinct near Sirsa at
a place called Bhatner.
l The Saraswati river flows through, Bhawanipur,
Balchappar, Kheda, Pehowa, Sirsa, etc.
l It flows into the Ghaggar river in Sangrur
district of Punjab after flowing through the
districts of Kurukshetra, Ambala and Kaithal.
Ghaggar River
lIt is a large rain-fed river flowing in the plains
of Sutlej-Yamuna.
lThis river originates from a place called
Dagshai near Solan district of Himachal
Pradesh. Dagshai is located at 1927 m above sea
level.
lThis river enters the state near Kalka in
Panchkula district of Haryana.
lThis river continues to enter Punjab and
Haryana in the South.
lThis river disappears in the desert region near
Hanumangarh in Rajasthan after flowing
through the districts of Panchkula, Ambala,
Kaithal, Fatehabad and Sirsa.
lIts length in the state of Haryana is 291 km.
Jhajra and Kaushalya are two major tributaries
of Ghaggar river.
lThe small drains that join the Ghaggar river are
called Chau in local language. The Ghaggar
river forms a floodplain called Naili.
lA barrage has been built on this river at a place
called Ottu in Sirsa district. Two canals
irrigating Rajasthan emerge from this barrage.
114
l A large reservoir has been constructed at this
place, where a tourist place named Chaudhary
Devi Lal Ottu Weir is also located.
l Ghaggar river is known as Hakra river after it
originates from Ottu Weir.
l A stream named Zoya originates from
Ghaggar river from a place called Phulad in
the Punjab. This stream passes through
Fatehabad and Bhatinda and joins the
Ghaggar river in Sirsa district. Another stream
called Sukar originates from the Ghaggar river
to the South.
Markanda River
lThis river was known as Aruna in mythology.
This river got its name Markanda after the
name of Maharishi Markandeya. It is also a
rain-fed river of Haryana.
lThis river originates from lower Shivalik hills in
Himachal Pradesh. The river enters the state of
Haryana at a place called Kalaamb in Ambala.
lAfter Ambala district, this river enters
Kurukshetra district. During the rainy period,
this river takes water from various rivers and
transforms into a gigantic form.
lDuring the rainy season, this river becomes the
major cause of floods in Ambala and
Kurukshetra districts of the state.
lFlowing through the districts of Kurukshetra,
Ambala and Kaithal, the river falls into Sanisa
lake (located near a village called Arunai near
Pehowa), where it joins the Saraswati river.
This river disappears in the desert of Rajasthan.
lThe tributaries of this river are Tangri, Nakti,
Ran and Begna.
Tangri River
lThis river originates from Morni Hills
(Shivalik Range) in Panchkula district.
However, the origin of this river is believed
to be from the Shivalik range near a place
called Dagshai in Solan district of
Know Your State Haryana
Himachal Pradesh. This range is the origin
of many rivers.
l Tangri is the main tributary of the Markanda
River. This river is a rain-fed river of Haryana.
l This river flows parallel to Umrah drain in
Ambala district of the state and joins the
Markanda river near Mulana.
l The Markanda river passes through the
Northern part of Ambala and the Tangri river
from the Southern part of Ambala.
l Tangri river flowing from the Eastern part of
Ambala Cantt, enters the district of Patiala in
Punjab at a place called Nihasari towards the
South-West direction.
l The major tributaries of this river are the Balaiali
and Aamri.
l The origin place of the Balaiali river is the
Morni hills. It joins the Tangri river near
Chhajju Majra village in Ambala.
l Aamri river originates near a place called
Radaur in Yamunanagar district during the
rainy season. When it flows towards the
South-West direction, a drain named Omla
joins it. Aamri river is known as Dadari or
Shahzadpur Wali river in the state.
Apaga River
lThe Apaga river is described as a sacred river
in the Vedic texts. Presently, the river Apaga
has been converted into a rain-fed stream.
lIn Haryana, it is known in the form of Nichli
Khand (lower division).
Chautang River
lChitang and Chautang are the nick names of
this river.
lThis river is also known as Drishadvati in
Rigveda.
lThis river originates from Shivalik hills (lower
region). This river flows parallel to the
Saraswati river.
Drainage System of Haryana
l Siswal village (Hisar) of the state is situated on
the banks of this river. Rakshi is the major
tributary of this river.
l This river was a tributary of Ghaggar in ancient
times. The river used to flow into the districts of
Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Kaithal, Jind
and Hisar and finally joins Ghaggar river near
Bhatner in Rajasthan.
Rakshi River
lThis river originates from the plains of Shahpur
village near Bilaspur of Yamunanagar district.
lThis river flows in the South-West direction and
joins the Chautang river at a place called Ladwa.
It is also known as Raka river. It is a rain-fed
river.
Other Rivers
Siniwali, Brihad Diu, Kaushiki, Ambumati, etc. are
other rivers of Northern Haryana, which have now
been transformed into rain-fed streams.
2. Southern Drainage System
The rivers in the Southern drainage system
originate from the Aravalli range that lie in the
Southern part of Haryana.
Following are the major rivers of this drainage
system:
Sahibi River
lThis river originates from the Mewat hills of the
Aravalli range of Rajasthan. This river takes
extensive water from the small drains before
reaching Alwar and Patan in Rajasthan.
lIn Haryana, this river is also known as Sabi River.
lIt is a rain-fed river of Haryana, which is known
as Najafgarh drain in Delhi.
lThis river enters Haryana from Rewari near
Kot-Kasim. Barkania Nala and Indori Nala (Nuh)
join this river near Kot-Kasim from the left side.
115
l Flowing between Khalilpur and Pataudi
through Rewari tehsil, the river enters
Jhajjar district near Lahori village.
l After leaving Jhajjar district, this river
enters Gurugram district near Khedi
Sultan. After covering some distance (about
13 km) in Gurugram, it again enters Jhajjar
district near Kutani village and finally joins
Yamuna river through Najafgarh drain in
Delhi.
l Most of the rivers originating from Aravalli
flow towards the South, but Sahibi river, as
an exception, flows to the North of Jaipur
and Alwar.
l Sota river meets Sahibi river in Jaipur of
Rajasthan. Hence, Sota river is a tributary
of Sahibi river.
l The Indori river is the largest tributary of
Sahibi river. It is the major river of
Southern Haryana.
l Masani barrage has been built on Sahibi
river near Dharuhera, Rewari district.
Indori River
l This river originates from the Mewat Hills
near Nuh district (earlier known as Mewat
district) i.e. near Bhiwani.
l As this river, originate near Indori Fort, it is
known as Indori river. Its ancient name is
Anshumati.
l This river is divided into two branches.
One branch joins the Sahibi river near
Pataudi town of Gurugram district after
taking water from some rain-fed drains.
The other branch joins the Sahibi river on
the Southern border of Rewari district.
l This is a rain-fed river. The river’s
runoff area is 198 km and its length in the
state is 50 km.
116 Know Your State Haryana

Kasaunti or Krishnawati River

lThis river originates from Mewat hills which lie at a distance of 1.6 km from the place called Neem
Ka Thana in the North of Jaipur, Rajasthan. Initially after origination, this river flows towards the
North-East direction.
lThis river enters Jhajjar district near Kosli village by flowing towards the West.
lThis river is divided into two branches near the Surehti village. Its one branch disappears near the
Southern part of Jhajjar district and the other branch turns towards Chhuchhakwas village (Jhajjar
district) and drains into Behror drain.
Dohan River
lThis river originates from Neem Ka Thana area located in Jaipur.
lThis river enters Mahendragarh district of Haryana and disappears at a place called Basai. This
river flows up to a distance of 50 km in the state.

▲ RIVERS OF HARYANA
Drainage System of Haryana
Major Lakes of Haryana
The Shivalik range is located in the
North-Eastern part and the Aravalli hills in the
Southern part of Haryana. Due to this there is
abundance of lakes in the state.
Lakes in Haryana are considered as the main
tourist destinations due to their beauty. These
lakes have special significance in the state’s
agriculture, tourism and environment.
The major lakes of the state are as follows:
Badkhal Lake
lIt is located near Badkhal village (Faridabad)
surrounded by the Aravalli hills. The distance
of this lake from Delhi is only 32 km. It is
spread over an area of 206 acres.
lIn ancient times, this lake was the main reason
of flood in the state. In 1947, a dam was
constructed to control the water of this lake.
which works under an irrigation project of the
state.
lFlower Show is organised here during every
spring season. Peacock lake is located near this
lake.
Damdama Lake
lIt is the largest natural lake in the state, which is
spread over an area of 3000 acres (about
12.14 sq km). It is located in Sohna of
Gurugram district.
lIt was built by the British in the year 1919 for
the purpose of collecting rainwater.
The shape of this lake is like amoeba.
lThe State Government is promoting tourism
under the project of this lake. A Water Polo
Sports Center is being constructed on this lake
by the State Government.
lIt is home to around 190 bird species. Many
migratory birds also come here during winter
season.
117
Sultanpur Lake
lIt is located in the Farrukhnagar division
which is situated just 15 km from Gurugram
district. It is spread over an area of about
353 acres (1.43 sq km).
lIt is a major bird sanctuary of the state. About
250 species of birds are found here. More
than 100 species come here from Siberia,
Europe and Afghanistan during the winter
season.
lA bird named Bar-headed goose, found in
Ladakh and Siberia, can be seen here.
▲ SULTANPUR LAKE
Kotla Lake
lIt is a man-made lake located in Mewat (Nuh
district). In ancient times, this lake was used
for collection of rainwater.
lThis lake is spread over an area of 108 acres.
lA dam was constructed to control the water of
this lake. Kotla, Akora, Mohammadpur,
Khanpur, Nuh regions of Mewat have received
special benefits from its construction.
Khalilpur Lake
lIt is located in the North-East of Nuh
Tehsil of Mewat. It receives water during
the rainy season. This lake dries up in
summer.
lIt spreads over an area of about 1500 acres
(6.07 sq km).
118 Know Your State Haryana

Chandni Lake Other Lakes of Haryana

lIt is located at a distance of about 16 Lake Place
km from Khalilpur lake. Brahma Sarovar lake Thanesar (Kurukshetra)
lIt is a permanent water area, spread Surajkund lake Faridabad (formed by Raja Suraj Pal)
over an area of about 988 acres (3.99 Ujina lake Nuh (Mewat)
sq km). Bibipur lake Kurukshetra (It is located in the plains
of Haryana)
Karna Lake Blue Bird lake Hisar
lIt is located on National Highway No. Tikkar Taal lake Panchkula
1 about 5 km from Karnal district. Dhauj lake Faridabad
The distance of Karna lake is Peacock lake Faridabad
equally 125 km from Chandigarh and Chilli lake Fatehabad (Golden Jubilee Heritage Park
has been constructed under Chilli lake)
Delhi.
Dabchick lake Palwal(This is a dead lake, that dried up
lIt is spread over an area of about 17 in 1985-86)
acres. Anangpur lake Faridabad
lIt is a man-made lake created in 1972. Basai lake Gurugram
The shape of this lake is like a circle.
lKarnar and Chakravati are other Drains of Haryana
names of this lake. Karnal was named
Following are the main drains of Haryana :
after the Karna lake.
Badshahpur Drain of Ghata
Tilyar Lake lThe origin of this drain is the hills of Delhi, which are
l It is located in Rohtak district on situated near Mehrauli.
Delhi-Fazilka National Highway No. lThis drain enters the city of Gurugram through Gwal
10. It is spread over an area of about Pahari village.
132 acres. lThis drain falls in the Najafgarh lake, which is located
l A zoo has been built on this lake by near Dhankot village of Gurugram tehsil.
the Government of Haryana. Landoha Drain
Bhindawas Lake lThis drain originates from Alwar in Rajasthan.
Initially, this drain flows from the Ferozepur Jhirka
lIt is located in Jhajjar district. It is
hills to the East.
home to thousand of birds and it was lThis drain enters the state from Ferozepur tehsil of
declared officially a Wildlife Sanctuary
Haryana. Finally, it falls into Ujina drain.
in 5th July, 1986. lThis drain helps in recharging the ground water of
lIt is spread over an area of over 1016 Ferozepur Jhirka and Nuh tehsils.
acres (4.11 sq km). Bhindawas is also
Buriya Drain
the largest wetland of Haryana. It is a
man-made lake.
lThis drain originates from the hills situated in the
North-West of Mewla Maharajpur village of
lAbout 266 species of birds can be seen Ballabhgarh tehsil (Faridabad) of Haryana.
here. On 3rd June, 2009, it is also lFlowing in the East direction, this drain joins the
declared as bird Sanctuary by Indian Yamuna river near Maujpur village. In Haryana, this
Government. drain is also known as Tilpat drain.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. The drainage system of a particular area 9. The Yamuna river does not cross the
depends on........... . boundary of which of the following districts
(a) the composition and nature of rocks of Haryana? [Computer Operator 2016]
(b) topography (a) Ambala (b) Yamunanagar
(c) amount of running water (c) Karnal (d) Panipat
(d) All of the above
10. Which district of Haryana does not have a
2. The large plain area of Haryana is situated border with the Yamuna river? [HSSC 2016]
between which river systems? (a) Panipat (b) Rohtak
(a) Ganges and Yamuna (c) Yamunanagar (d) Sonipat
(b) Ganges and Saraswati
(c) Ganges and Indus
11. After leaving Faridabad, Yamuna river
(d) Yamuna and Indus
enters which district of Uttar Pradesh?
(a) Mathura (b) Agra
3. Most of the rivers of Haryana flow to which (c) Rampur (d) Aligarh
part of the state?
(a) East (b) West 12. The Yamuna river flows in which part of
(c) North (d) South Haryana? [HSSC 2021]
(a) Southern (b) Eastern
4. According to the geographical features of
(c) Western (d) Northern
Haryana, the drainage system of the state
is divided into how many parts? 13. Which of the following rivers forms the
(a) 3 (b) 2 boundary between Haryana and Uttar
(c) 4 (d) 5 Pradesh? [Haryana Junior Engineer 2018]
(a) Saraswati (b) Ghaggar
5. The rivers in the Northern drainage system
(c) Yamuna (d) Sahibi
originate from which mountain range?
(a) Aravalli range 14. Which river defines the Eastern border of
(b) Shivalik range Haryana with Uttar Pradesh? [HSSC 2020]
(c) Both (a) and (b) (a) Narmada (b) Ganga (c) Yamuna (d) Kaveri
(d) None of the above 15. The Hathnikund barrage is located on
6. Yamuna enters Haryana from the district of which river? [HSSC 2020]
............. . [HSSC 2016] (a) Yamuna (b) Ghaggar
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Kaithal (c) Saraswati (d) Ganga
(c) Bhiwani (d) Karnal
16. The Hathnikund barrage is located in the
7. Which of the following districts is not district of ......... .
drained by Yamuna river? (a) Karnal (b) Yamunanagar
(a) Panipat (b) Sonipat (c) Panipat (d) Sonipat
(c) Karnal (d) Hisar
17. Western Yamuna Canal originates from
8. Which of the following is the perennial river which place on Yamuna river?
of Haryana? [HSSC Clerk 2016] [Mandi Supervisor 2017]
(a) Saraswati (b) Sahibi (a) Salhawas (b) Karnal
(c) Markanda (d) Yamuna (c) Tajewala (d) Bhakra-Nangal
120 Know Your State Haryana

18. Which of the following is the tributary of 29. Which river forms the floodplain called
Yamuna river in the plains? ‘Naili’?
(a) Somb river (b) Pathrala river (a) Yamuna (b) Sutlej
(c) Budhi Ganga (d) All of these (c) Ghaggar (d) Saraswati
19. Vedic Civilisation flourished on the banks of 30. Ottu barrage is located on which river?
……… river. [HSSC 2018] [HSSC 2020]
(a) Saraswati (b) Ganga (a) Tangri (b) Yamuna
(c) Yamuna (d) Kaveri (c) Ghaggar-Hakra (d) Sahiba
20. Which text described about the Saraswati 31. Which of the given rivers is a tributary of
river? the Ghaggar river?
(a) Rigveda (b) Samaveda (a) Dangri (b) Kaushalya
(c) Atharvaveda (d) Yajurveda (c) Yamuna (d) Saraswati
21. Adi Badri place is associated with which 32. Which stream originates from the Ghaggar
holy river? [Haryana Lab Attendant 2018] river in Punjab?
(a) Yamuna (b) Saraswati (a) Zoya stream (b) Raunda stream
(c) Markanda (d) Ganga (c) Kalpi stream (d) All of these
22. Which of the following is not a tributary of 33. Which river was known as ‘Aruna’ in
Saraswati river? mythology? [Haryana Accountant 2018]
(a) Tangri (b) Vedihi (a) Ghaggar river (b) Drishadvati river
(c) Markanda (d) All of these (c) Markanda river (d) Sharda river
23. Saraswati river joins which river at the 34. Markanda river enters Haryana from the
place called Pehowa? district of........... . [PGT 2016]
(a) Ghaggar river (a) Ambala (b) Faridabad
(b) Markanda river (c) Hisar (d) Sonipat
(c) Sutlej river
(d) Yamuna river 35. The important tributary of Markanda river
is ........... . [PGT 2016]
24. At which place of Punjab, Saraswati river (a) Sahibi (b) Tangri
flows into the Ghaggar river? (c) Krishnavati (d) Dohan
(a) Mansa (b) Patiala
(c) Sangrur (d) Sasnagar 36. During rainy season, Markanda river
becomes major cause of floods for which
25. Ghaggar river is a........ . [HSSC Clerk 2016] district of Haryana?
(a) seasonal river (b) large rains-fed river (a) Ambala
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these (b) Kurukshetra
26. The Ghaggar river enters Haryana from (c) Both (a) and (b)
which district of the state? (d) None of the above
(a) Panchkula (b) Ambala 37. Morni hills are the origin place of which of
(c) Kaithal (d) Fatehabad the following rivers?
27. The Ghaggar river does not passes through (a) Tangri (b) Sahibi
which of the following districts of Haryana? (c) Chautang (d) Yamuna
[Anganwadi 2017] 38. What is the name of the river which
(a) Kaithal (b) Bhiwani originates from the Shivalik range near a
(c) Fatehabad (d) Sirsa place called Dagshai in Solan district?
28. What is the length of the Ghaggar river in [HSSC 2019]
Haryana? (a) Saraswati (b) Ghaggar
(a) 191 km (b) 251 km (c) 291 km (d) 311 km (c) Tangri (d) Markanda
Drainage System of Haryana 121

39. Shivalik hills are the source region of many 50. The source region of Indori river is near
rivers. One of these rivers is ........... . ……… . [HSSC 2018]
[HSSC 2019] (a) Indore (b) Kaithal
(a) Tangri (b) Ganga (c) Bhiwani (d) Karnal
(c) Kaveri (d) Kapila
51. During ancient times Indori river was
40. Tangri is the tributary of ........ . [HSSC 2018] known as
(a) Markanda river (b) Sahibi river (a) Prashumati
(c) Indori river (d) Yamuna river (b) Vidhimati
41. Which river of Haryana is known in the (c) Anshumati
form of Nichli Khand (lower division)? (d) Vishnumati
(a) Saraswati (b) Sutlej 52. Which non-perennial river flows for about
(c) Apaga (d) Chautang 50 km in the state of Haryana? [HSSC 2019]
42. Chautang river originates from which of the (a) Dohan (b) Chautang
following places? [PGT 2016] (c) Rakshi (d) Indori
(a) Aravalli hills 53. Which of the following rivers is also known
(b) Shivalik hills as Kasaunti?
(c) Mewat hills (a) Dohan (b) Krishnavati
(d) Neem Ka Thana (c) Chautang (d) Ghaggar
43. The name of Chautang river in Rigvedic 54. Dohan river enters Haryana in which of the
period was .......... . [PGT 2016] following districts?
(a) Saraswati (b) Shatradi (a) Sirsas (b) Ambala
(c) Krabhu (d) Drishadvati (c) Mahendragarh (d) Neemthana

44. The Rakshi river joins Chautang river at 55. Following are the rivers of Haryana, except
which among the following places? .......... . [PGT 2016]
(a) Manoharpur (b) Jitgarh (a) Ghaggar (b) Dohan
(c) Neemthana (d) Ladwa (c) Kotla (d) Indori

45. Which among the following rivers do not 56. Which of the following rivers does not flow
belong to Southern drainage system of in Haryana? [HSSC 2021]
Haryana? (a) Ghaggar (b) Sahibi
(a) Rakshi river (b) Sahibi river (c) Dohan (d) Beas
(c) Indori river (d) Dohan river 57. Which of the following rivers does not go
46. Sahibi river originates in which of the through Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
following districts? (a) Sarsuti/Saraswati (b) Kashalya
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Rohtak (c) Ganga (d) Yamuna
(c) Mewat (Nuh) (d) Bhiwani 58. Due to which geographical system Haryana
47. ‘Sahibi river’ is also known as ......... has abundance of lakes?
[HSSC 2018] (a) Presence of Shivalik range in the
North-Eastern part of Haryana.
(a) Drishadvati (b) Kumudvati
(b) Presence of Aravalli hills in the Southern
(c) Kaveri (d) Sabi
part of Haryana.
48. Which river is known as Najafgarh drain in (c) Presence of vast plain region in Haryana.
Delhi? (d) Both (a) and (b)
(a) Indori river (b) Kansawati river
59. Which of the following lakes is situated in
(c) Sahibi river (d) Duhan river Haryana? [PGT 2016]
49. Which of the following is the tributary of (a) Damdama lake
Sahibi river? (b) Kotla lake
(a) Indori river (b) Sota river (c) Khalilpur lake
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these (d) All of the above
122 Know Your State Haryana

60. Badkhal lake is located in the district of 70. Which of the following lakes is a Wildlife
............ . [HSSC 2020,18, Haryana Clerk 2016] Sanctuary also?
(a) Sirsa (b) Panipat (a) Badkhal lake (b) Damdama lake
(c) Faridabad (d) Kurukshetra (c) Bhindawas lake (d) Karna lake
61. In which year, a dam was constructed on 71. Brahmasarovar lake is situated in the
Badkhal lake? district of ........... .
(a) 1947 (b) 1952 (a) Sonipat (b) Panipat
(c) 1956 (d) 1959 (c) Karnal (d) Kurukshetra
62. Damdama lake is situated in the district of 72. Who built the Surajkund lake in Faridabad
............. . [HSSC 2016] district of Haryana? [HSSC 2021]
(a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram (a) Raja Nahar Singh (b) Raja Gurdit Singh
(c) Rohtak (d) Hisar (c) Raja Siraj Dev (d) Raja Suraj Pal
63. Which of the following lakes is present in 73. Blue Bird lake is located at which place of
Gurugram? [HSSC 2020] Haryana? [HSSC Clerk 2015]
(a) Badhkal lake (b) Karna lake (a) Faridabad (b) Fatehabad
(c) Damdama lake (d) Dhauj lake (c) Hisar (d) Jind
64. A Water Polo Centre is being constructed on 74. Famous Bibipur and Najafgarh lakes are
which lake in Haryana? located in which natural region of Haryana?
(a) Damdama lake (b) Sultanpur lake (a) Plain region [PGT 2016]
(c) Kotla lake (d) Khalilpur lake
(b) Desert region
65. Which is the largest natural lake in (c) Shivalik hills region
Haryana? [HSSC 2020] (d) Arid area of Aravalli hills
(a) Surajkund Lake (b) Sukhna Lake
75. Basai lake in Haryana is located in which
(c) Damdama Lake (d) Tilyar Lake
among the following districts?
66. Damdama is the name of the ............. in (a) Jind (b) Faridabad
Haryana. [HSSC 2020] (c) Gurugram (d) Sirsa
(a) highest mountain peak
76. Which drain of Haryana originates from
(b) longest river
Alwar district of Rajasthan?
(c) biggest lake
(d) largest tiger reserve (a) Ghata drain
(b) Landoha drain
67. Kotla lake is located in ............. . (c) Buriya drain
[PGT 2015] (d) Mahendibadi drain
(a) Nuh (Mewat) (b) Palwal
(c) Rewari (d) Mahendragarh 77. Which drain of Haryana is also known as
Tilpat drain?
68. Khalilpur lake is situated in which district (a) Badshahpur drain (b) Landoha drain
of Haryana? (c) Buriya drain (d) None of these
(a) Faridabad (b) Mewat
(c) Rohtak (d) Hisar 78. Which of the following is correctly matched?
[Auction Recorder 2016]
69. What is the name of the famous lake
situated in Karnal district of Haryana? Lakes District
[HSSC 2019, HSSC Clerk 2019] (a) Badkhal Faridabad
(a) Parakeet lake (b) Bhindawas Kurukshetra
(b) Karna lake
(c) Sultanpur lake (c) Brahma Sarovar Rohtak
(d) Abhimanyu lake (d) Damdama Sirsa
Drainage System of Haryana 123

79. Consider the following statements. 80. Match the following.

I. The river Ghaggar rises from the List I List II
Shivalik range. A. Karna lake 1. Palwal
II. It enters Haryana near Kalka. B. Surajkund lake 2. Karnal
Which of the statements given above is/are C. Dabchick lake 3. Gurugram
correct? D. Damdama lake 4. Faridabad
(a) Only I
Codes
(b) Only II A B C D A B C D
(c) Both I and II (a) 2 4 1 3 (b) 1 2 3 4
(d) None of these (c) 3 4 1 2 (d) 2 1 4 3

Answers
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (c) 30. (c)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40. (a)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (a) 46. (c) 47. (d) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (c)
51. (c) 52. (d) 53. (b) 54. (c) 55. (c) 56. (d) 57. (c) 58. (d) 59. (d) 60. (c)
61. (a) 62. (b) 63. (c) 64. (a) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (b) 69. (b) 70. (c)
71. (d) 72. (d) 73. (c) 74. (a) 75. (c) 76. (b) 77. (c) 78. (a) 79. (c) 80. (a)
CHAPTER 09
Forests Resources in
Haryana
l Haryana is primarily an agricultural state with
almost 80% of its land under cultivation.
l According to the location of Haryana, tropical
forest is abundantly found in the state. But there
is also diversity in forest due to climate,
temperature, soil and variation in rainfall.
l In addition to mango, jamun, sal, sheesham,
pine, the state also has different varieties of
medicinal plants like kurand, kherti, bathua,
ashwagandha, shakhawali, shati, sadabahar,
makoi, etc. and different types of grass like
dubach, dhaman, dilla, dubh, bhurat, etc.
l There is an abundance of cane in the state, which
is used for rope making. The cottage industry
based on cane is also popular in the state.
l The forest wealth of the state has environmental
importance as well as economic importance, so
important measures have also been taken by the
government for its conservation.
Forest Cover in Haryana
l Haryana is not very rich in forest resources.
According to Haryana State Forest Policy, 2006,
the state is required to have a forest area of 20%
geographical area. But Haryana has targeted to
expand forests in 10% of its total geographical
area.
l At the time of formation of Haryana State in the
year 1966, Haryana had forest cover of 3.90% of
the total geographical area.
l According to the India State of Forest
Report, 2019, forest cover area is 1602.44 sq
km, which is 3.62% of the total geographical
area of the state.
l The tree cover area in the state is 1565 sq
km. Thus, the total forest cover and tree
cover area is 3167 sq km, which is 7.16% of
the total geographical area of the state.
l There is an increase of 150 sq km in the tree
cover area in the year 2019 as compared to
the year 2017.
l According to the India State of Forest
Report, 2019, Recorded Forest Area in the
state is 1559 sq km.
l There has been an increase of 14.44 km
in the Recorded Forest Area of Haryana
in the year 2019 as compared to the
year 2017.
l According to the India State of Forest
Report, 2019, the district with the highest
forest area is Panchkula (390.70 sq km) and
the district with the lowest forest area is
Palwal (13.97 sq km).
l According to the India State of Forest
Report, 2019, the state has an area of
154.29 sq km under scrubs, which is 0.35%
of the total geographical area of the state.
l Scrubs (35 sq km) are mainly found in
Mahendragarh district of Haryana.
Forests Resources in Haryana 125

District-Wise Forest Cover In Forests of Haryana broadly classify on the basis

Haryana of Geographical Conditions, on the basis of
Government Administration and on the basis of
According to the India State of Forest Report,
Forest Department.
2019, the district-wise information about forests
of Haryana is as follows: Geographical Classification of
District-Wise Forest Cover in Haryana Forests
Geographical Total Forest
% According to Champion and Seth, five types of
District Area (GA) Cover
(in sq km) (in sq km)
of GA forests are found in Haryana on the basis of
geographical conditions, which are mainly
Ambala 1,574 51.35 3.26
divided into two parts:
Bhiwani 4,778 113.81 2.38
1. Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
Faridabad 741 79.94 10.79
2. Sub-Tropical Pine Forests
Fatehabad 2,538 18.00 0.71
Gurugram 1,258 116.18 9.24 1. Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
Hisar 3,983 57.64 1.45
l This type of forest is found in areas with less
Jhajjar 1,834 25.93 1.41
than 100 cm rainfall.
l Moist deciduous forests are found in wet areas
Jind 2,702 21.00 0.78
whereas thorn forests are found in dry areas in
Kaithal 2,317 57.07 2.46 the state.
Karnal 2,520 32.24 1.28 l Trees of these forests drop their leaves before
Kurukshetra 1,530 39.75 2.60 summer season to meet the water shortage.
Mahendragarh 1,899 103.29 5.44 l In Haryana, these forests are found in the
Mewat 1,507 111.18 7.38 plains of Mahendragarh, Rewari,
Palwal 1,359 13.97 1.03 Yamunanagar, Gurugram, Bhiwani, Kaithal,
Panchkula 898 390.70 43.51
Karnal and Sonipat districts.
l Trees like Indian rosewood (sheesham), sacred
Panipat 1,268 15.88 1.25
fig, peepal neem, mango, jamun, tamarind,
Rewari 1,594 62.45 3.92 kendu, lasoda, semal, etc. are commonly
Rohtak 1,745 21.13 1.21 found in these forests.
Sirsa 4,277 56.60 1.32 l In the dry regions of the state, tree of kikar,
Sonipat 2,122 20.97 0.99 firas, jharberi, pilu, khair, oak, patha, jala,
Yamunanagar 1,768 193.36 10.94 thuhar, sarkanda, bui, etc. are found.
Grand Total 44,212 1,602.44 3.62 2. Sub-Tropical/Pine Forests
Note : In Haryana there are 22 districts. India State of Forest l These forests are mainly found in hilly areas,
Report, 2019 had provided data for only 21 districts excluding where the rainfall is 100 cm or above.
Charkhi-Dadri.
l Sal, chir and pine trees are mainly found in
these forests areas.
Classification of Forests in l Due to the abundance of pine trees, these
Haryana forests are called Sub-tropical Pine Forests.
Due to the location and varied climatic l Apart from pine, trees of cirrus, jamun,
conditions of Haryana, different types of forests kachnar, khair, amaltas, mahua, kalka, bahera,
are found in the state. jhingan, etc. are also found in these forests.
126
l These forests are found in Ambala, Panchkula,
Yamunanagar and Rohtak districts of the state
and in the border areas of Himachal Pradesh.
Sal trees are found in the forests of Rohtak.
Administrative Classification of
Forests
In the state, forests are divided into three classes
on the basis of the administration. These are
discussed below :
1. Reserved Forests 2. Protected Forests
3. Unclassified Forests
1. Reserved Forests
l According to the India State of Forest Report,
2019, reserved forests are spread across
249 sq km in the state which is 15.97% of the
total forest area of the state.
l These forests are completely under the control
of the government. Grazing of animals and
cutting of trees are completely banned in these
forests.
l These forests are protected for land
reclamation, control of floods and wood
supply. It provides protection to wildlife.
Many valuable forest products are also
obtained from these forests.
l The 5 districts with maximum area under
reserved forests in descending order in the
state are Panchkula, Yamunanagar, Kaithal,
Kurukshetra and Mahendragarh.
l The districts with minimum area under
reserved forests in the state are Sirsa, Nuh,
Bhiwani, Palwal and Faridabad.
l There are no reserved forests in 6 districts of
Haryana which are Fatehabad, Hisar, Jhajjar,
Panipat, Sonipat and Rohtak.
2. Protected Forests
l According to the India State of Forest Report,
2019, the protected forest area is spread over, Note The reserved forest area, protected forest area and
1158 sq km, which is 74.28% of the total
forest area of the state.
Know Your State Haryana
l These forests area also under the control of the
government. Special care is done to ensure that
the forests are not damaged. Along with
conservation in these forests, some activities for
production are also carried out.
l In these forests local residents are permitted for
cutting firewood, grazing of animals and
pastoral activities.
l The 5 districts with maximum area under
protected forests in the state are Panchkula,
Yamunanagar, Bhiwani, Sonipat and Karnal.
l The 5 districts with minimum area under
protected forests in the state area Faridabad,
Nuh, Gurugram, Palwal and Mahendragarh.
Panchkula is one such district in the state,
which occupies the first place in the reserved
and protected forest area.
3. Unclassified Forests
All the forests besides reserved and protected
l
forests are called unclassified forests. The
government, community and people have
authority over these forests.
According to the India State of Forest Report,
l
2019 these forests are spread over an area of
152 sq km, which is 9.75% of the total forest
area of the state.
In these forests, there is no restriction on
l
cutting of wood and pastoralism, but some
measures are also taken for conservation.
The 5 districts with maximum area under
l
unclassified forests in the state (in descending
order) are Kaithal, Rohtak, Yamunanagar, Jind
and Palwal.
The 5 districts with minimum area under
l
unclassified forests in the state (in increasing
order) are Bhiwani, Hisar, Panchkula, Nuh and
Gurugram.
Unclassified forests are not found in 6 districts
l
of the state which are Ambala, Faridabad,
Karnal, Kurukshetra, Panipat and Sonipat.
unclassified forest area of Haryana are classified as closed areas
under section 38 of Indian Forest Act, 1927 and Section 4 and 5
of Punjab Land Conservation Act, 1980.
Forests Resources in Haryana
Classification of Forests on the
Basis of Forest Department
Under Haryana Forest Department, the forests of
the state have been classified into three categories:
1. The State Forests These are the forest areas
over which the government has full control.
2. Community Forests These are the forest
areas that are under the authority of local
bodies such as District Council,
Municipality and Nagar Panchayat, etc.
3. Private Forests These are the forest areas
over which individuals have rights, i.e.
they are under the control of the people.
Major Districts with Maximum and
Minimum Forest Area of the State
Five Districts with Maximum Five Districts with
Forests Area Minimum Forest Area
(In Decreasing Order) (In Increasing Order)
Panchkula (390.70 sq km) Palwal (13.97 sq km)
Yamunanagar (198.36 sq km) Panipat (15.88 sq km)
Gurugram (116.18 sq km) Fatehabad (18.00 sq km)
Bhiwani (113.81 sq km) Sonipat (20.97 sq km)
Mewat (111.18 sq km) Jind (21.00 sq km)
Haryana State Forest Policy, 2006
l Haryana is an agrarian state, its 80%
geographical area is under agriculture. The
forest area in the state is still very low.
l In order to promote sustainable development
of forests in the state, the Government of
Haryana formulated a forest policy in 2006,
known as the Forest Policy, 2006.
l According to this policy, the government has
targeted to increase the forest cover from 10%
to 20%.
Highlights of the Forest Policy, 2006
The major points covered in this policy are as
follows:
l To promote afforestation for maintenance of
the environment stability and restoration of
ecological balance.
127
l To conserve and develop water resources in
forest areas.
l Development and conservation of biodiversity
in protected forest areas.
l Reclamation of salt affected areas using
afforestation techniques.
l Preserving medicinal plants and controlling
soil erosion.
l Promotion of tree cover in the state through
afforestation and social forestry.
l Promoting wood production from non-forest
land through agro-forestry.
l Development of timber markets to keep the
prices of forest products constant.
l To build an institution at the village level for
joint management and participation for the
development of forests.
l To control the expansion of sand dunes to
protect the infrastructure in semi-arid areas.
l Promote the development of eco-tourism.
l Formation of Self-Help Groups through forestry
based or other income generating activities.
l To launch mass movement by associating
common people with women and school
children on a large scale to achieve the
objectives of forest policy.
l To maintain biodiversity in the natural forests
of the state and to provide protection to rare
species of animals.
Measures taken by the Government to
Fulfil the Objectives of the Forest Policy
Some important measures have been taken by
the government to fulfil the objectives of the
forest policy, which are as follows:
l Plantation is being promoted along with
agricultural forestry and social forestry.
l Research work is being promoted in the field
of forestry.
l Industries based on agro-forestry are being
encouraged, as well as better education and
training arrangements have been made.
128
l Proper management and conservation of
forest resources is being done.
l Preservation and expansion of medicinal
plants is being done through Herbal Parks
and Herbal Information Centers in the
state.
l Along with the promotion of agro-forestry
and farm forestry, several important schemes
and programmes have been implemented to
increase forest cover in the state.
l Arrangement of education and training for
the expansion of forestry.
Schemes Related to Forest
Development in Haryana
A number of schemes are being run to
promote forest conservation and forest
development in the state of Haryana.
Centrally Sponsored and External
Sector Schemes
Schemes run by the Central Government and
the external sector in the state are as follows:
Kandi Project
lIt was launched in the year 2008.
lThe scheme, funded by the World Bank,
relates to re-plantation in the Shivalik hills of
the Northern part of Ambala and
Yamunanagar districts of the state.
lThis scheme is an integrated scheme of the
Forest, Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and
Horticulture departments, which work
together for forest development.
Aravalli Rehabilitation Scheme
lThe scheme, funded by the European
Economic Community, relates to the
re-plantation of the uncovered Aravalli hills.
lThis scheme is being implemented in the
state of Haryana from the year 1990-91.
Know Your State Haryana
l Under this scheme, tree planting was done
on 33000 hectares of open and rocky land
of Aravalli hills within 6 years. The scheme
is committed to rejuvenate the Aravalli hills.
Social Forestry Scheme
lThis scheme was started in the year 1982 in
collaboration with World Bank. The estimate of
this scheme was ` 33.32 crores.
lThe main objective of this scheme was to plant
trees over 67000 hectares of land in 5 years.
lThe scheme was completed in the year 2006-07.
Under this scheme, 338 villages in 11 districts of
the state were covered and plantation was done
there. The participation of women was
prominent in this scheme.
lOther programmes are still being implemented
under social forestry, whose main purpose is to
encourage common citizens to plant trees and
develop pastures.
lOther objectives of social forestry programmes
include making people aware of plantation,
creating rural employment, keeping the
environment balanced through tree plantation
and promoting cottage industry based on forest
products.
State Government Sponsored
Schemes
The schemes run by the State Government are as
follows:
Har Ghar Hariyali Yojana
l This scheme was launched by the State
Government in the year 2015. It emphasises the
development of local species.
l Under this scheme, plants of indigenous species
like peepal, neem, pomegranate, desi mango,
jamun, sheesham, harad, bahera, mulberry,
berry, bakayan, rohera, etc. are being planted.
l Under this scheme, 141.01 lakh saplings were
planted in 18412 hectares area by the State
Government in the year 2016-17.
Forests Resources in Haryana
l However, 3 crore plants were to be planted in
the state of Haryana under this scheme. Along
with this, a Biodiversity Board has been formed
in the state, which aims to conserve the
biological resources of the state.
Greening of Haryana
lThis scheme was started in the year 1989-90.
Large scale tree plantation is being done in the
state under this scheme.
lUnder this scheme, tree belts have been made in
the state on the banks of rivers, canals, along
roads, railways and around villages.
lUnder this scheme, trees of giloy, kherti, kurand,
kukuruda, kataan, chaulai, bathua, gokharu,
jalabhangara, indrayan, murayali, ashwagandha,
shakhawali, shati, sadabahar, etc. are planted.
lUnder this scheme different types of herbs are
obtained from the state forests which are used as
medicine. The state observes Tree Day on 15th
July every year since 2014.
▲ NATURE CAMP THAPLI
129
Environmental Education and
Awareness Programmes
Through this programme, the local people
especially youth, women, students and teachers
are made aware of natural resources.
Haryana Community Forestry Project
Haryana Community Forestry Project (HCFP),
co-founded by the Government of Haryana
and the commission, who implemented in 338
villages is district of Haryana with the objective
of conserving and rejuvenating natural
resources, mainly through forestry
development with the active participation of
communities, especially women.
Nature Camp
lHaryana Forest Department has set up
Nature Camps to keep the environment and
ecology friendly. This is a new initiative of
the Forest Department.
130 Know Your State Haryana

l Along with environmental adaptation, Southern Region

eco-tourism is also being promoted in the Herbal Parks District
state. Nature camps have been set up in
Kadipur Herbal Park Mahendragarh
Thapli, Morni, Ban Santour and Chuharpur
in Haryana. Kakodia Herbal Park Rewari

Kariya Herbal Park Mahendragarh

Herbal Parks in Haryana Amwala Herbal Garden Gurugram
l Herbal parks have been set up by the
Ratanjot Vatika Faridabad
Government of Haryana with the objective
of bringing awareness to the people about the Guggal Vatika Mahendragarh
natural ecological system in each district of Chawan Rishi Vatika Mahendragarh
the state.
Indira Gandhi Memorial Rewari
l According to Economic Survey 2019-20, a Herbal Park
total of 59 herbal parks have been Ghritkumari Vatika Mewat (Nuh)
established in the state, which encourages
people to do environmental friendly work. Khalilpuri Vatika Rewari

l The first and largest herbal park of the state Western Region
is Chaudhary Devi Lal Herbal Nature Park Herbal Parks District
located in Chuharpur village of Yamunanagar
district. Ch. Surendra Singh Memorial Bhiwani
Herbal Park (Tosham)
l The state is going to establish the world’s
Ch. Surendra Singh Memorial Bhiwani
largest herbal park. This park will be built on Herbal Park (Kairu)
the land of the Forest Department in Morni.
Chandan Vatika Jind
l This park will promote environmental
balance by conserving species as well as Mulethi Vatika Fatehabad
acting as gene pool for native and exotic Baheda Vatika Sirsa
species.
Shatavari Vatika Hisar
Important Herbal Parks of Haryana
Central Region
Northern Region
Herbal Parks District
Herbal Parks District
Indri Herbal Park Karnal
Cantt Herbal Park Ambala
Khanpur Kalan Herbal Park Sonipat
Thapli Herbal Park Panchkula
Adibadri Yamunanagar Herbal Park Bhindawas Jhajjar

Kapur Vatika Panchkula Ashok Vatika Karnal

Harar Vatika Ambala Amaltas Vatika Sonipat

Rudraksh Vatika Yamunanagar Putranjiva Vatika Jhajjar
Jamun Vatika Kaithal Bilva Vatika Panipat
Arjun Vatika Kurukshetra Neem Vatika Rohtak
Forests Resources in Haryana
Forest and Environment Related
Institutes in Haryana
l Haryana State Pollution Control Board It was
formed in the year 1974 under the Act passed
by the Central Government. The main
function of this board is to prevent residues of
industries and local bodies and to keep the
environment clean by controlling the pollutants
under a limit.
l Haryana Forest Development Corporation It
was established on 7th December, 1989 for the
development of forests in the state. Its
headquarters is in Panchkula district.
l State Medicinal Plants Board The State
Medicinal Plants Board was established on
13th August, 2002 in Haryana. It works for
the promotion of the area of medicinal plants
131
in the state and the implementation of the
projects of the National Medicinal Plant
Board. Its headquarters is in Panchkula
district. The Forest Minister of the state is the
Ex-officio President of this board.
l The Environment Club In 2005-06, the
Government of Haryana has set a target
of establishing 5250 Environment Clubs in
all the districts of the state under the
‘National Green Core Scheme’. Presently,
2850 environmental clubs have
been established under this scheme in
the state.
l Clonal Safeda Nursery A Clonal Safeda
Enhancement Centre has been set up in the
year 2016 in Silothi village of Kurukshetra
district.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. What is the reason for diversity in forests is 9. Which district of Haryana has the lowest
found in Haryana? forest area in the state? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Variation in climate (a) Fatehabad (b) Palwal
(b) Variation in temperature (c) Faridabad (d) Bhiwani
(c) Variation in rainfall
10. How much area is under scrubs in
(d) All of the above
Haryana?
2. Which of the following is a medicinal plant (a) 150 sq km (b) 154.29 sq km
found in Haryana? (c) 170.5 sq km (d) 180 sq km
(a) Ashwagandha (b) Shakhawali
11. Maximum area under scrubs is found in
(c) Makoi (d) All of these
which district of Haryana?
3. Which of the following vegetation is found (a) Mahendragarh
abundantly in Haryana, which is used for (b) Mewat
rope making? (c) Panchkula
(a) Cane (b) Dubach (d) Faridabad
(c) Dola (d) Bhur
12. Which district has the lowest forest area in
4. According to India State of Forest Report, respect of geographical area in Haryana?
2019, how much area of Haryana is under [Haryana Police Constable 2018]
forest cover? (a) Rewari (b) Fatehabad
(a) 1602.44 sq km (b) 1700 sq km (c) Gurugram (d) Jind
(c) 1750 sq km (d) 2100 sq km
13. Forests of Haryana are divided into which
5. How much percentage of total geographical categories on the basis of geographical
area is under forest cover in Haryana? criterion?
[HSSC 2019] (a) Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests
(a) 2.5% (b) 3.62% (c) 3.59% (d) 5.5% (b) Tropical Thorn Forests
6. How much area is under tree cover in (c) Sub-Tropical Pine Forests
Haryana as per the India State of Forest (d) Both (a) and (c)
Report (ISFR), 2019? 14. Which type of vegetation is most prevalent
(a) 1465 sq km (b) 1505 sq km in Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
(c) 1565 sq km (d) 1620 sq km (a) Tropical evergreen rain forest
7. According to India State of Forest Report (b) Deciduous forest and thorny bushes
2019, how much area of Haryana is under (c) Mountain forest
Recorded Forest Area? (d) Mangrove forest
(a) 1460 sq km (b) 1559 sq km 15. Which district of Haryana has Tropical Dry
(c) 1620 sq km (d) 1700 sq km Deciduous Forests?
8. Which district has the highest forest area in (a) Mahendragarh (b) Rewari
Haryana? [HSSC 2020] (c) Yamunanagar (d) All of these
(a) Karnal 16. Which of the following is a type of tree
(b) Kurukshetra species of Haryana?
(c) Panchkula (a) Semal (b) Kendu
(d) Faridabad (c) Lasoda (d) All of these
Forests Resources in Haryana 133

17. Sub-tropical Pine Forests are found in 27. Haryana Government has promoted which
which district of Haryana? of the following activities to achieve the goal
(a) Ambala (b) Panchkula of Haryana State Forest Policy, 2006?
(c) Yamunanagar (d) All of these (a) Ago-forestry (b) Farm-forestry
18. Sal trees are found in ……… district of (c) Afforestation (d) All of these
Haryana. [HSSC 2018] 28. Kandi Project in Haryana was funded by
(a) Gurugram (b) Sonipat which of the following organisation?
(c) Rohtak (d) Kalesar (a) World Bank (b) European Union
19. Which types of forests are covered under (c) UNICEF (d) America
the administrative classification of forests? 29. Under which scheme of Haryana tree
(a) Reserved forests (b) Protected forests planting was done on open and rocky land
(c) Unclassified forests (d) All of these of Aravalli hills?
20. According to the India State of Forest (a) Jawaharlal Project
Report, 2019, how much area of Haryana (b) Desert Development Project
comes under the reserved forests? (c) Aravalli Rehabilitation Scheme
(a) 159 sq km (b) 249 sq km (d) Fodder Scheme
(c) 350 sq km (d) 425 sq km 30. In which year Social Forestry Scheme was
21. Which district has its maximum area under started in Haryana?
reserved forests in the state of Haryana? (a) 1980 (b) 1982 (c) 1996 (d) 1999
(a) Yamunanagar 31. Which of the following is the objective of
(b) Panchkula social forestry in Haryana?
(c) Kaithal (a) Making people aware of plantation.
(d) Kurukshetra (b) Creating rural employment.
22. Which district of Haryana has its maximum (c) Promoting cottage industry based on forest
area under protected forests? products.
(a) Panchkula (b) Kaithal (d) All of the above
(c) Bhiwani (d) Sonipat 32. In which year ‘Har Ghar Hariyali Yojana’
23. Which district of Haryana occupies first was launched in Haryana?
place in both reserved and protected forests (a) 2015 (b) 2016 (c) 2017 (d) 2018
area? 33. In which year ‘Greening of Haryana
(a) Kaithal (b) Panchkula Program’ was started in Haryana?
(c) Bhiwani (d) Mahendragarh (a) 1985-86 (b) 1990-91 (c) 1989-90 (d) 1986-87
24. Which district of Haryana has its maximum 34. In Haryana ‘Tree Day’ is observed every
area under unclassified forests? year on............ .
(a) Kaithal (b) Rohtak (a) 15th July (b) 17th August
(c) Hisar (d) Panchkula (c) 20th September (d) 21st October
25. Which districts of Haryana have highest 35. According to Economic Survey 2019-20, how
forest cover in the state? [HSSC 2010] many herbal parks are there in Haryana?
(a) Yamunanagar, Panchkula, Gurugram, (a) 51 (b) 59 (c) 70 (d) 75
Kaithal
(b) Panchkula, Yamunanagar, Gurugram, 36. The largest herbal park in Haryana is
Bhiwani located in which district of the state?
(c) Yamunanagar, Panchkula, Kaithal, [HSSC 2019]
Gurugram (a) Karnal (b) Jind
(d) None of the above (c) Yamunanagar (d) Gurugram
26. According to Haryana State Forest Policy 37. ‘Arjun Vatika’ is located in which district of
2006, the government targeted to increase Haryana?
the forest cover around (a) Panchkula (b) Ambala
(a) 10% (b) 20% (c) 30% (d) 40% (c) Kurukshetra (d) Rewari
134 Know Your State Haryana

38. Ashwagandha Vatika is located in which 42. A Clonal Safeda Enhancement Centre has
district of Haryana? been set up in which district of Haryana?
(a) Rewari (b) Mahendragarh (a) Jind (b) Kurukshetra
(c) Hisar (d) Bhiwani (c) Fatehabad (d) Kaithal
39. World Herbal Forest Project has been 43. Match the following.
inaugurated at ........... . [HSSC 2020]
List I List II
(a) Panchkula (b) Ambala
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Yamunanagar A. Chandan Vatika 1. Jind

40. Neem Vatika is located in the district of B. Baheda Vatika 2. Sirsa

……… . C. Indri Herbal Park 3. Karnal
(a) Panipat (b) Rohtak (c) Karnal (d) Sonipat
D. Amaltas Vatika 4. Sonipat
41. The headquarters of Haryana Forest
Development Corporation is located in Codes
which district of Haryana? A B C D A B C D
(a) Panchkula (b) Yamunanagar (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 4 3 2 1
(c) Rohtak (d) Bhiwani (c) 2 3 1 4 (d) 2 4 1 3

Answers
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (d) 20. (b)
21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (c) 30. (b)
31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (b)
41. (a) 42. (b) 43. (a) 46. () 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 10
National Parks and Wildlife
Sanctuaries in Haryana
l Haryana state has rich bio-diversity which makes it
suitable for different varieties of birds and animals to
exist in the natural forests of state.
l The state has around 500 species of birds and also
Chapter
welcomes large number of migratory birds during
the winter season.
l For the conservation of wildlife, the state has about
33000 hectares under protected area network which
includes 2 National Parks, 8 Wildlife Sanctuaries
and 2 Conservation Reserves.
l The state has 7 Wildlife Breeding Centres, 3 Zoos,
1 Elephant Rehabilitation Centre and 1 Deer Park.
National Parks in Haryana
National parks are forests which are reserved for the
protection of vegetation and wildlife.
Two national parks in Haryana are as follows :
1. Sultanpur National Park
l It is located in Sultanpur of Gurugram district. It
covers an area of 142.52 hectares.
l The park is also named as Dr. Salim Ali Bird
Sanctuary after the famous Indian Ornithologist,
Dr. Salim Ali, who established this park as a Bird
Sanctuary.
l In this park, birds from Europe, Siberia and Central
Asia can be seen in the winter. There are about 250
bird species found in this national park, of which
Siberian cranes are prominent.
l This park is known as Bird Paradise.
l The area of the park was classified as a
Wetland at the conference on Nature and
Natural Resources Conservation held in
New Delhi in 1969.
l On 2nd April, 1971, the Sultanpur lake
got the status of a bird sanctuary under
the Punjab Wildlife Protection Act.
l In the year 1991, this sanctuary got the
status of National Park under the
Wildlife Act, 1972.
l This national park was earlier known as
Lake Bird Sanctuary. It is the state’s
best-known Eco-park.
l Common species of birds in this park
include hoopoe, Indian cormorant,
francolin, spoon bill, crested lark, spotted
owlet, etc.
l Migratory bird species include Siberian
crane, wood sandpiper, Eurasion wiglon,
black tailed godwit, spotted redshauk, etc.
2. Kalesar National Park
l It is located in the Yamunanagar district
of Haryana. It covers an area of 4682.32
hectares. It is the largest National Park in
the state in terms of area.
l It shares boundary with three states viz.,
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and
Uttar Pradesh.
136
l It is named after the Kalesar (Shiva) temple
located in this protected area.
l This park was declared as National Park on 8th
December, 2003.
l The park is famous for Red Jungle fowl.
l The other animals found in this National Park
are leopard, barking deer, sambar, chital, python,
king cobra, monitor lizard, etc.
Wildlife Sanctuaries in Haryana
The 8 Wildlife Sanctuaries in Haryana covers
around 23441.17 hectares of land. These Wildlife
Sanctuaries are as follows:
1. Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary
2. Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary
3. Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary
4. Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary
5. Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary
6. Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary
7. Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary
8. Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary
Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt was established in the year 1986 in the district
of Jhajjar as a bird sanctuary. It covers an area of
411.55 hectares.
lIt was declared a bird sanctuary by Indian
Government on 3rd June, 2009.
lIt attracts around 35000 variety of migratory
birds belonging to over 250 species during winter.
lThis sanctuary is famous for brown goose, duck,
red nightingale, kingfisher, neelgai, jackal, langur,
peafowl, hornbill, coppersmith barbet, etc.
lBhindawas Lake of Bhindawas Wildlife
Sanctuary is the largest wetland in Haryana.
Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt was established in November, 1986 in the district In terms of area, it is the largest Wildlife
of Kurukshetra. It covers an area of 28.92 hectares. Sanctuary of Haryana.
lIt is the smallest wildlife sanctuary in Haryana
in terms of area.
Know Your State Haryana
l In the year 2009, the Environment Ministry
has declared the sanctuary as Eco-Sensitive
Zone (ESZ) for conservation of flora and
fauna.
l The sanctuary attracts wide variety of winter
migratory birds. Blue peafowl, ducks, starks,
hornbill, barbet, rufous treepie, greater
coucal, etc. are found here.
Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt was established in the year 1987 in the
district of Rewari. It is located in the state as
a protected forest. It covers an area of 211.35
hectares.
lIn ancient times, this sanctuary was the pasture
of the Nawab of Dujana, which attained the
status of sanctuary in the year 1987.
lIt was known as Nahar Wildlife Reserve
Forest before it was declared as a sanctuary.
lIt was declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone in
2009 by Indian Government.
lBlack buck, jackal, monitor lizard, neelgai,
fox, black deer, brown pheasant, langur, blue
peafowl, etc. are found here.
Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt was established on 29th May, 1987, in
Kalka tehsil of Panchkula district. It covers
an area of 767.30 hectares.
lIn 2009, Government of India declared it an
Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ).
lThis sanctuary is famous for its variety of
flora and fauna. Cheetal, sambar, neelgai, etc.
are found here.
Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary
It was established on 30th January, 1987 in
l
Sirsa district. It covers an area of 11530.56
hectares.
l
The main attraction of the wildlife sanctuary
l
are blue bull, partridges and black buck.
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Haryana
Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt was established on 30th January, 1987
in Jhajjar district. It covers an area of
82.70 hectares.
lIt was also declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone
by the Indian Government from the
point of view of environment and
pollution.
lWater birds are main attraction of this
sanctuary. It is famous for various breeds
of migratory birds.
Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt is located in Yamunanagar district. It
covers an area of 5525.88 hectares.
lInitially, the area of Kalesar Wildlife
Sanctuary, set up on 13th December,
1996, was 5435.72 hectares, but by
issuing a notification on 13th January,
2000, the area of 90.11 hectares was
further added in this sanctuary.
lIt was also declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone
by the Indian Government.
lThis area has dense sal forests, khair
forests and patches of grasslands.
lCheetal, sambhar, neelgai, barking deer,
wild boar, etc. are found here.
Khol Hi–Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt was established in the year 2004 in the
hills of Shivalik in Panchkula district
near Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary. It
covers an area of 4882.96 hectares.
lAt the time of its establishment, the area
of this sanctuary was 2226.56 hectares,
but in the year 2007, an area of
2656.38 hectares was also added in this
sanctuary.
lCheetal, spotted deer, jackal, wild cat,
Indian fox, brown pheasant, bear, wild
monkey, etc. are found here.
137
Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary
l
It covers an area of 2782 hectares. It starts from Sariska
National Park in Alwar, Rajasthan and spread over Mewat,
Faridabad and Gurugram districts of Haryana.
l
Places around this sanctuary are Surajkund, Anangpur
dam, Tughlaqabad fort, Adilabad ruins, Chhatarpur
temple, etc.
l
This protected area contains one of the last surviving
remnants of Delhi Ridge hill range and its semi-arid forest
habitat and its dependent wildlife.
l
The Ministry of Environment and Forests has declared the
1 km area around Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary in
Gurugram and Faridabad as Eco Sensitive Zone.
l
About 200 species of local and migratory birds are found
in this sanctuary.
Conservation Reserves in Haryana
There are 2 Conservation Reserves in Haryana which
covers around 4872.11 hectares of land in the state.
These are as follows:
Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt is also known as Seonsar Forest and is spread over
Kaithal and Kurukshetra districts of Haryana.
lIt covers an area of 4452.85 hectares. It was
established in the year 2007.
lIt is the third largest Wildlife Sanctuary of
Haryana. Deers are found more in this sanctuary.
Bir Bara Ban Wildlife Sanctuary
lIt is located in Jind district. It covers an area of
419.26 hectares. It was established in the year 2007.
lNeelgai, jackal, langur and birds like rufous treepie,
coucal, hornbill and coppersmith barbet are found
here.
Animal Rehabilitation, Research and
Conservation Centres of Haryana
l Deer Park It is situated on Hisar-Dhansu Road of
Hisar district. It was established in 1970-71. The
area of this park is around 42 acres. Blackbuck,
chital, spotted deer and sambar are found in this park.
l Elephant Rehabilitation Centre The Ch. Surinder
Singh Elephant Rehabilitation Centre (ERC) is
situated at Ban Santour forest of Yamunanagar
district.
138 Know Your State Haryana

It is a project undertaken by the Haryana Mini Zoo, Bhiwani

Forest Department, Government of Haryana
in collaboration with Wildlife SOS. The
injured, sick and saved elephants are
rehabilitated in this centre.
l National Research Centre on Equines
(NRCE) It was established in Hisar district on
7th January, 1986. In the year 1989, a
sub-centre of the National Research Centre on
Equines (NRCE) was established in Bikaner of
Rajasthan.
l Jatayu (Vulture) Conservation and Breeding
Centre (JCBC) It has been established in the
year 2001 for the protection of vulture in
Pinjore. This is a joint effort of Haryana
Forest Department, Bombay Natural History
Society and Royal Society (London) to protect
the birds. The world’s maximum number of
vultures are found here. It is the Asia’s first
vulture breeding centre.
Zoos of Haryana
The 3 zoos in Haryana are as follows:
Pipli Zoo
l This zoo is located on National Highway-1.
This zoo was established in the year 1982-83 in
lIt was established in the year 1982-83 at Bhiwani
district. The area of this zoo is about 7 acres.
lDeer park was established in this zoo on 3rd
October, 1982 and Bear park on 5th
September, 1983.
lHorses and crocodiles are also being kept in
this zoo since 1987.
lIn this zoo, animals like crocodile, black bear,
fox, spotted deer, sambar, hippopotamus, red
wild rooster, leopard, tiger, etc. are found.
Rohtak Zoo
lIt was established in the year 1985-86 and it
covers an area of 44 acres.
lThe zoo was approved by the Central Zoo
Authority on 28th March, 2005.
lThe Rohtak Zoo has different animals like
crocodile, hippopotamus, tiger, hyena, wolf,
jackal, beaver, black deer, sambar, langur,
monkey, etc.
Important Breeding Centres in Haryana
Name District
Crocodile Breeding Centre Kurukshetra
(Bhor Saidan)
Black Buck Breeding Centre Kurukshetra (Pipli)

Pipli of Kurukshetra district. The area of this Chinkara Breeding Centre Bhiwani (Kairu)
zoo is 27 acres. Pheasant Breeding Centre Panchkula (Morni)

Vulture Conservation and Panchkula (Pinjore)

Breeding Centre
Peacock and Chinkara Rewari (Jhabua)
Breeding Centre
Red Jungle Fowl Breeding Centre Panchkula (Pinjore)
Central Horse Breeding Centre Hisar
Central Sheep Breeding Centre Hisar
Central Buffaloes Breeding Centre Hisar
Camel Breeding Centre Sirsa

▲ FRONT VIEW OF PIPLI ZOO Pig Breeding Centre Hisar

Multiple
Choice Questions
1. How much area of Haryana comes under 9. .............. was declared a bird sanctuary by
wildlife protected area? Indian Government on 3rd June, 2009.
(a) 2000 hectares (b) 2700 hectares [HSSC 2020]
(c) 3000 hectares (d) 33000 hectares (a) Kalesar
2. The total number of wildlife sanctuaries in (b) Abubshahar
Haryana are ................ . [HSSC 2020] (c) Bhindawas
(d) Nahar
(a) Four (b) Six
(c) Eight (d) Ten 10. In which year Bhindawas Wildlife
Sanctuary was declared as a bird sanctuary
3. Sultanpur National Park is situated in which
by Indian Government?
district of Haryana? [HSSC 2021,19,17]
(a) 2006 (b) 2008
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Gurugram
(c) 2009 (d) 2011
(c) Rewari (d) Sirsa
11. Which of the following is not found in
4. What is the other name of Sultan National
Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary?
Park? [Haryana Tehsildar 2019]
(a) Red Jungle fowl
(a) Agha Khan Bird Sanctuary
(b) Jackel
(b) Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary
(c) Peafowl
(c) Mushtaq Ali Bird Sanctuary
(d) Brown goose
(d) None of the above
12. Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary is located in
5. Sultanpur National Park was established in which district of Haryana? [HSSC 2015]
the year ........... .
(a) Rewari (b) Kurukshetra
(a) 2003 (b) 2001 (c) 1999 (d) 1971
(c) Panchkula (d) Jhajjar
6. Kalesar National Park is situated in which
13. Which of the following is the smallest
district of Haryana?
wildlife sanctuary of Haryana in terms of
[Haryana Accountant 2020, 18]
area?
(a) Yamunanagar
(a) Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary
(b) Gurugram
(b) Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) Bhiwani
(c) Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary
(d) Panchkula
(d) Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary
7. During which year Kalesar was declared as
14. Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in
National Park?
which district of Haryana? [Anganwadi 2017]
(a) 2000 (b) 2001
(c) 2002 (d) 2003 (a) Rewari (b) Mahendragarh
(c) Palwal (d) Nuh
8. Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary is associated
with which of the following districts of 15. During ancient time which wildlife
Haryana? sanctuary of Haryana was the pasture land
[HSSC 2019, Mandi Supervisor 2017] of the Nawab of Dujana?
(a) Jhajjar (a) Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary
(b) Rewari (b) Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) Gurugram (c) Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary
(d) Faridabad (d) Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary
140 Know Your State Haryana

16. In which year, Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary 26. Which one of the protected area is located in
was declared as Eco-Sensitive Zone by the the last surviving remnants of Delhi ridge
Indian Government? hill range?
(a) 2007 (b) 2009 [Haryana Accountant 2018]
(c) 2013 (d) 2015 (a) Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary
17. Bir Shikargarh Sanctuary is situated in the (b) Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary
district of ……… Haryana. (c) Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary
(d) Abubshahr Wildlife Sanctuary
[Haryana Patwari Exam 2018, HSSC 2017]
(a) Karnal (b) Hisar 27. Which of the wildlife sanctuary is situated
(c) Sirsa (d) Panchkula near Surajkund, Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
18. In which year Bir Shikargarh Wildlife (a) Bir Shikhargarh Wildlife Sanctuary
Sanctuary was set up in Haryana? (b) Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary
(a) 1983 (b) 1987 (c) Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) 1990 (d) 1995 (d) Saraswati Wildlife Sanctuary

19. Which of the following is the largest wildlife 28. How many conservation reserves are there
sanctuary in Haryana in terms of area? in Haryana?
(a) 2 (b) 5
(a) Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) 7 (d) 10
(b) Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary 29. Saraswati Conservation Reserve is situated
(d) Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary in the district of ............. .
[Haryana Group D 2019, PGT 2016]
20. In which year Abubshahar Wildlife (a) Kaithal
Sanctuary was set up in Haryana? (b) Kurukshetra
(a) 1985 (b) 1986 (c) Karnal
(c) 1987 (d) 1988 (d) Both (a) and (b)
21. Which Wildlife sanctuary of Haryana is an 30. What is the other name of Saraswati
Eco-Sensitive Zone from the point of view of Conservation Reserve? [HSSC 2015]
environment and pollution? (a) Seonsar Forest (b) Kalesar Forest
(a) Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary (c) Bhur Syeda (d) Bir Shikargarh
(b) Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary
31. Bir Bara Ban Conservation Reserve is
(c) Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary
located in which district of Haryana?
(d) Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary
[PGT 2016]
22. In which year Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary (a) Hisar (b) Sirsa
was set up in Haryana? (c) Jind (d) Palwal
(a) 1994 (b) 1996 (c) 1998 (d) 2000 32. Deer park is located in which district of
23. Which of the following trees mainly found Haryana?
in the Kalesars forest? [HSSC 2020] (a) Hisar (b) Kaithal
(a) Peepal (b) Sal (c) Rohtak (d) Jind
(c) Eucalyptus (d) Babul 33. Elephant Rehabilitation Centre is located in
24. Kalesar National Park is famous for .......... . Ban Santour forest of ……… district of
[HSSC 2020] Haryana. [PGT 2016]
(a) Boar (b) Barking deer (a) Panipat (b) Yamunanagar
(c) Red Jungle fowl (d) None of these (c) Kurukshetra (d) Ambala
25. In which year an area of 2226.56 hectares 34. In which year National Research Centre on
was added in Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Equines (NRCE) was set up in Hisar
Sanctuary? district of Haryana? [HSSC 2019]
(a) 2000 (b) 2003 (a) 1982 (b) 1985
(c) 2005 (d) 2007 (c) 1986 (d) 1988
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Haryana 141

35. Jatayu (Vulture) Conservation and 42. Consider the following statements.
Breeding Centre is located in which district I. Sultanpur National Park is the biggest
of Haryana? [HSSC Clerk 2016] National Park of Haryana.
(a) Kurukshetra II. Earlier, it was a bird sanctuary which
(b) Panchkula accorded the status of National Park in
(c) Yamunanagar 1991.
(d) Karnal Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
36. How many zoos are there in Haryana?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (a) Only I (b) Only II
(c) 5 (d) 9 (c) Both I and II (d) None of these

37. In which year Bear Park was established in 43. Match the following.
Mini Zoo in Haryana? List I List II
(a) 1982 (b) 1983 (Wildlife Sanctuary) (Districts)
(c) 1989 (d) 1991
A. Bhindawas 1. Rewari
38. Which zoo of Haryana is located on the
National Highway No-1? B. Chhilchhila 2. Panchkula
(a) Pipli Zoo C. Bir Shikargarh 3. Kurukshetra
(b) Rohtak Zoo
(c) Mini Zoo D. Nahar 4. Jhajjar
(d) None of the above
Codes
39. Rohtak Zoo was established in which year A B C D A B C D
in Haryana? (a) 3 1 4 2 (b) 2 4 1 3
(a) 1982-83 (c) 2 1 4 3 (d) 4 3 2 1
(b) 1984-85
44. Match the following. [HSSC 2020, PGT 2016]
(c) 1985-86
(d) 1987-1988 List I List II
40. Crocodile Breeding Centre is situated in the (Breeding Centre) (Location)
district of ........... . [HSSC 2020] A. Pheasant Breeding Centre 1. Kairu
(a) Panchkula
(b) Kurukshetra B. Red Jungle Fowl 2. Bhor Saidan
(c) Bhiwani Breeding Centre
(d) Hisar C. Crocodile Breeding Centre 3. Pinjore
41. Chinkara Breeding Centre is located in D. Chinkara Breeding Centre 4. Morni
which district of Haryana? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Pipli, Kurukshetra Codes
(b) Morni, Panchkula A B C D A B C D
(c) Kairu, Bhiwani (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 2 1 3 4
(d) Hisar (c) 3 2 1 4 (d) 4 3 2 1

Answers
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (c)
21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (b)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. () 46. () 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 11
Agriculture and Animal
Husbandry
l Haryana is an agricultural state. Agriculture
has remained the main source of economy
and livelihood of Haryana since ancient
times.
l The effect of geographical variation can be
seen in agricultural area. Around 70 per cent
of population in the state depend on
agriculture and allied activities.
l Haryana is self-sufficient in food production
and is the second largest contributor to
Central Foodgrains Reserves in the country.
l The Green Revolution in Haryana started in
the year 1966-67. This gave a major boost to
agricultural sector especially in wheat
production. The first agricultural estimates in
Haryana was done in 1970.
l Major crops of Haryana are rice, wheat,
jowar, bajra, maize, sugarcane, cotton, pulses,
oilseeds, potato, fruits and vegetables.
l Production of soyabean, sunflower, peanuts
and horticultural products are also
encouraged crop diversification in the state.
l Cultivation of moong and beans are
promoted to increase the fertility of soil.
l Southern part of Haryana is major producer
of pulses like gram, and oilseeds like mustard.
Cotton is grown in the Western part of
Haryana.
l Rice and wheat are majorly grown in Central
and Northern Haryana.
l In 1966-67, total food production of the state
was 25.92 lakh tonne, it became 181.44 lakh
tonne in the year 2018-19.
l First Agriculture census was done in the state
in 1970-71.
Haryana Agricultural Land Use
l Land is the main source of agriculture.
Adequate means of irrigation facilities in
Haryana have led to agricultural expansion.
l Around 86 per cent of geographical area
44212 sq km in Haryana is considered i.e for
cultivation.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-2021, Net Sown
Area in Haryana is 3601 thousand hectare and
total cropped area is 6605 hectares.
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21, total
Gross Area Sown in the state is 64.90 lakh
hectares.
l The share of service sector in GSVA (Gross
State Value Added) further increased to 50.6
per cent in 2019-20 with a decrease in the share
of agriculture and allied sectors at 16.6%.
l Cropping intensity is 182% which is higher
than the national average of 135%. Number of
farm holdings in Haryana is 15-28 lakhs.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Agro-Climatic Zones
Haryana falls in the Agro climatic zone VI, which
is called the Trans-Gangetic Plains Region. The
state is further divided into two agricultural zones, l Wheat is the important foodgrain crop of
based on the prevailing climatic conditions.
The two agro-climatic zones in Haryana are as
follows :
(i) North-Western Zone In this zone, rice,
wheat, vegetables and fruits of temperate
zone are cultivated on a large number.
(ii) South-Western Zone In this zone,
vegetables, crops, medicinal plants, herbs and l Kurukshetra district of the state has the
tropical fruits are cultivated.
Crop Seasons in Haryana
There are two crop seasons in Haryana. They are
as follows:
Rabi
l Rabi crops in Haryana are sown in
October-November and harvested in April-May.
l These crops are also known as Asadhi crops and
are mainly winter crops.
l Wheat, barley, gram, mustard, peas are Rabi crops.
Kharif
l Kharif crops in Haryana are sown in June-July
and harvested in October-November. These
crops require low temperature and low humidity.
l These crops are also called Savani crops as they
are sown on the arrival of monsoon.
l Rice, sugarcane, maize, jowar, bajra, cotton,
beans are Kharif crops.
Major Crops of Haryana
The main crops of Haryana are wheat, rice,
sugarcane, cotton, oilseeds, gram, barley, corn,
millet, etc. which are grown in different crop
seasons of Haryana according to their
agro-climatic conditions. Other crops grown are
food crops, cash crops, spices, herbs and
horticultural crops.
143
Major food crops of Haryana are discussed as
below:
Wheat
Haryana.
l It has the largest area under cultivation in
Haryana.
l Haryana ranks first in the production of wheat.
l First Grain Bank of the state is established in
Panipat district.
second largest grain market in Asia.
The geographical conditions required for the
cultivation of wheat are as follows:
l Wheat is a crop that grows well in sub-
temperate climate.
l It requires 10-15°C temperature and moist
soil during its sowing and 15-28°C during its
ripening.
l It needs clear sky, bright sunshine and
high temperature along with 50-75 cm of
rainfall.
l Wheat requires loamy, clayey loam and light
clayey soil.
l In Haryana, around 60 per cent of land area
sowing wheat is irrigated.
l The plain area of Haryana is ideal for its
cultivation as it is easy to use modern
agriculture machines on such areas.
The wheat production in the state is as
follows:
l Haryana is called wheat bowl as it produces
large quantities of wheat, much more than its
need.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, wheat
production in Haryana was 118.77 lakh
tonnes in 2019-20.
l The state ranks third after Uttar Pradesh and
Punjab in India in terms of wheat production.
144 Know Your State Haryana

l The largest producer of wheat in Haryana is Sirsa district. Other wheat producing districts are
Faridabad, Kurukshetra, Jhajjar, Sonipat, Bhiwani, Gurugram and Mewat.
l Panchkula is lowest wheat producing district (0.4%) of Haryana. Wheat Research Institute (Indian
Institute of Wheat and Barley Research) is located in Karnal district.
l The Haryana Government has waived of Vat Tax on wheat for beneficiaries of Antodya Anna
Yojana (AAY) under targeted Public Distribution System (PDS).

▲ AGRICULTURE MAP OF HARYANA

Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Rice
This is the second most important crop of
Haryana after wheat. Rice is mostly cultivated
in the North-Eastern and Central parts of
the state.
The geographical conditions required for the
cultivation of rice are as follows:
l Rice grows well in tropical climate. It requires
high temperature (more than 20°C) during its
sowing time and 27°C during its ripening
period.
l Rice fields should have water cover for around
75 days.
l Rice needs more heat and light for its growth,
along with good irrigation facilities.
l Rice grows in variety of soils including loamy,
clayey soil and gravels. But it grows best in
alluvial soil.
l Plain lands or gentle slopes are suitable for the
cultivation of rice.
l It requires 150-200 cms of rainfall. Therefore
areas having rainfall less than 100 cms are
extensively irrigated to cultivate rice in
Haryana.
l It also needs fertilizers like green manure,
ammoniam sulphate, super sulphate,
compost etc.
The rice production in the state is as follows:
l Haryana produces around 3.8% of the total
rice production in India.
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21 rice
production in Haryana was 51.98 lakh tonnes
in 2019-20.
l Karnal is the largest producer of rice in
Haryana. It produces around 14.11% of the
state’s rice production.
l Basmati rice is exported from Kaithal and
Karnal district of Haryana. Karnal is famous
for producing best quality Basmati Rice in
the world.
145
l Kaithal, Kurukshetra, and Jind are other
highly rice producing districts and together
along with Karnal, they are known as Rice
Bowl of the State. They produce 50% of the
rice in Haryana.
l Fatehabad, Ambala, Panipat, Sonipat,
Yamunanagar and Sirsa are other rice
producing districts of Haryana. Together they
produce 41.4% of rice in Haryana.
l Haryana exports 60% of the Basmati rice
in India.
Maize
It is cultivated in places those receive less
rainfall. It is also planted with Jowar and Bajra
in many places.
The geographical conditions required for the
cultivation of maize are as follows:
l Average temperature required for maize
cultivation is 25°C to 30°C and average
rainfall is 50-100 cm.
l It requires deep loamy soil that is enriched
with nitrogen.
l Maize grows well in plain areas and in plains
with gentle slopes.
The maize production in the state is as follows:
l Panchkula district is the highest producer of
maize in Haryana.
l Important maize producing districts are
Panchkula, Ambala, Sonipat, Rohtak,
Kurukshetra, Karnal and Kaithal.
Jowar
It is grown in the dry regions with average or
medium rainfall.
The geographical conditions required for the
growth of jowar are as under:
l It requires 25°C-30°C temperature and 60 or
even less than 60 cm of rainfall.
l Jowar grows well even in less fertile soils like
red, yellow, light and deep loamy soil. It also
grows in alluvial soil.
146
l Both gentle sloping and plain areas are
suited for its cultivation.
The jowar production in the state is as
follows:
l Largest jowar producing district of
Haryana is Rohtak.
l It also grows well in the districts of Jhajjar,
Sonipat and Palwal.
Bajra
l It is considered as a coarse grain and is
mainly eaten by lower income groups. It is
also used as a fodder crop.
l Bajra is one of the indigenous plants of
Haryana as hot and dry climatic conditions
required for its growth are found here.
The geographical conditions required for the
growth of bajra are as follows:
l This crop requires less rainfall (40-50 cms)
and grows within 2-3 months.
l It is sown after first monsoon showers.
l It requires 25°C-30°C of temperature and
light sunshine during sowing.
l It grows well in sandy, loam, light sandy
and sandy soil.
l Bajra grows well in 30 to 50 cm rainfall
area covered with loamy soil.
l Bajra grows in both plain and plateau
regions.
The production of bajra in the state is as
follows:
l Mahendragarh is the largest producer of
bajra in the state. Bajra is also grown in the
districts of Bhiwani, Gurugram, Jhajjar,
Sirsa, Hisar, Fatehabad, Jind, Rohtak and
Faridabad.
l Mahendragarh produces 25.09% of the
state production of bajra. It grows well in
semi arid regions of Mahendragarh.
Know Your State Haryana
Barley
l Barley is grown in Haryana from ancient times.
The climatic conditions of the state is suitable for
its cultivation.
l Barley is called ‘Yav’ in Sanskrit. It is also used in
religious ceremonies.
The geographical conditions required for the Barley
cultivation are as follows:
l It grows in sub-tropical climate.
l It is more tolerant to wheat crop.
l It can be grown on various kind of soils.
l It requires 12-15°C temperature during growing
period and 30°C during maturity.
l It is grown on plain and medium loam soil and in
rain fed plains.
The production of barley in the state is as follows:
l In 2017-18 barley production in Haryana was
1.58 lakh tonnes.
l Bhiwani is the highest producer of barley in
Haryana with a state share of 23.35%.
l The highest producing districts of Barley are
Bhiwani, Mahendragarh, Hisar, Sirsa and Jhajjar.
Gram
Gram is sown both as a Rabi and as a Kharif crop.
It replenishes the soil with nitrogen.
The geographical conditions required for the
growth of gram are as follows:
l It requires mild cool climate with 20-25°C
temperature and 40-50 cms rainfall.
l It can be grown even in less fertile soil.
The production of gram in the state is as follows:
l Gram is mostly produced in the Western region of
Haryana.
l Bhiwani is the largest producer of gram in
Haryana with a state share of 54.42%.
l It is also produced in Mahendragarh, Bhiwani,
Hisar, Sirsa and Rohtak districts of the state.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Cash Crops
Sugarcane, cotton and oilseeds are major cash
crops of Haryana. These are discussed below:
Sugarcane
l Haryana is one of the major sugarcane
producing states in India. It is an annual crop.
l This is a cash crop from which sugar and
jaggery are made.
The geographical conditions required for the
growth of sugarcane are as follows:
l Sugarcane is a tropical plant therefore, it
requires 20°C temperature moist climate
during sowing and 20°C-30°C during its
growing period. Much cold and frost is not
good for its growth.
l It requires an average rainfall of 100-150 cms
which is suitable for its cultivation.
l It requires fertile soil that is rich in lime and
phosphorus.
l It needs compost, ammoniam sulphate, super
sulphate and green manure. It also reduces the
fertility of the soil so it is mainly grown in
richly drained soils of river valleys.
l Plain land or gentle slope is ideal for its cultivation.
The production of sugarcane in the state is as
follows:
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21 the
Sugarcane production in Haryana was 77.30
lakh tonnes in 2019-20. It covers maximum
area in the state.
l Haryana produces around 3% of the sugarcane
produced in India.
l It is mostly produced in Yamuna basin in the
districts of Yamunanagar. Ambala, Karnal,
Kurukshetra, Jind, Sonipat and Rohtak are
other major sugarcane producing districts of
the state.
l Yamunanagar is the largest producer and
produces around one-third of the sugarcane in
the state.
147
Cotton
l Cotton is an ancient crop. It has been
cultivated since Rigvedic period.
l Cotton is also known as White Gold. The state
is one of the major producer of cotton in India.
Two types of cotton i.e. American variety and
Indian variety, are grown in Haryana.
l The fibres of American variety are long, shiny
and more durable. Fibres of Indian variety are
small, less shiney and less durable. Coarse
clothes are made with this cotton.
The geographical conditions required for the
growth of cotton are as follows:
l Cotton is a tropical crop. It requires 20°C-30°C
of temperature. In Haryana, cotton is cultivated
in regions having temperature in between
24°C-27°C.
l It requires adequate bright sunshine and
50-100 cms of rainfall.
l It is cultivated in regions receiving 30-50 cms
of rainfall in Haryana. Irrigation facilities are
drawn from different canals of Haryana.
l It is grown in deep loam soil which has a fine
texture and plain or gently sloping lands.
Cotton needs nitrogenous fertilizers.
The production of cotton in the state is as
follows:
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21, cotton
production in Haryana was 24.85 lakh bales
in 2019-20.
l Sirsa is the highest producer of cotton in
Haryana.
l Cotton is also grown in Hisar, Fatehabad, Jind,
Rohtak and Bhiwani districts.
Oilseeds : Mustard
Mustard is the most important oilseed crop in the
state. It is a Rabi crop.
The geographical conditions required for the
growth of mustard are as follows:
l Mustard grows well in tropical and sub-tropical
areas.
148 Know Your State Haryana

l It requires about 25-40 cms of rainfall, Largest Crop Producing Districts

15°C-20°C temperature and loamy soil. Crop District
l Irrigation is also needed in dry regions for its
Wheat Sirsa
cultivation.
The production of mustard in the state is as Rice Karnal
follows: Bajra Bhiwani
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21, total Cotton Sirsa
oilseed production in Haryana was 11.75 lakh
Sugarcane Yamunanagar
tonnes in 2019-20.
l Bhiwani is the largest producer of mustard Sunflower Ambala
(27.67%) in Haryana. Gram Bhiwani
l Other important districts are Mahendragarh, Jowar Rohtak
Sirsa, Jind, Rewari, Rohtak, Sonipat and
Gurugram respectively. Targeted Area, Production and
Crop Producing Districts of Haryana Average Yield of Major Crops
Average
District Major Crops Area Production
Crops Yield
(000 hectare) (000 Tonne)
Ambala Wheat, Rice, Maize, Gram (Kg/hect)
Yamunanagar Wheat, Sugarcane, Maize, Gram, Rice 1328.1 4412.9 3323
Sunflower
Panchkula Rice, Wheat, Gram, Maize Jowar 48.7 25.8 530

Kaithal Wheat, Rice Maize 12.2 36.0 2951

Kurukshetra Wheat, Rice (Basmati), Sugarcane Bajra 439.2 888.0 2022
Karnal Sunflower, Rice (Basmati), Sugarcane
Kharif Pulses 50.1 27.1 541
Rohtak Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Sugarcane,
Cotton, Gram, Maize Total/Avg 1878.3 5389.8 2870
Kharif
Sonipat Jowar, bajra, Wheat, Rice, Sunflower,
Foodgrains
Mushroom, Sugarcane, Pulses
Gurugram Jowar, Bajra Wheat, Barley, Gram Wheat 2534.0 11980.0 4728

Jhajjar Wheat , Gram, Rice Gram 60.0 67.0 1117

Faridabad Wheat, Bajra, Mustard Barley 22.0 52.0 2364
Palwal Wheat, Bajra, Gram
Rabi Pulses 8.0 8.0 1000
Mewat Wheat, Bajra, Mustard
Total/Avg Rabi 2624.0 12107.0 4614
Rewari Wheat, Rice, Gram
Foodgrains
Mahendragarh Wheat, Mustard, Gram, Bajra
Commercial Crops
Hisar Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Gram, Oilseed,
Pulses. Sugarcane 113.3 9155.0 80803
Bhiwani Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Gram, Mustard
Cotton (Lint) 738.4 2158.3 497
Fatehabad Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Gram
Kharif Oil Seed 10.7 10.3 963
Jind Wheat, Rice, Bajra, Cotton, Oilseed
Charkhi-Dadri Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Gram, Mustard Rabi Oil Seed 650.0 1199.0 1845
Sirsa Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Gram, Mustard Source: Economic Survey 2020-21
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Horticulture in Haryana
l Haryana is fast emerging as one of the
leading states in horticulture sector. In the
state, almost all types of fruits, vegetables,
spices, mushroom and flowers are grown.
l Out of the total area under horticulture
cultivation, around 85% area is under
vegetables and the rest is under fruits,
spices, etc.
l According to Economic Survey 2020-21,
the total area under the Horticulture crops
is 4.78 lakh hectares total production on
Horticulture crops in the state was 80.67
lakh metric tonnes in 2019-20.
l With a view to give a boost to the growth
of horticulture Government created a
separate Department of Horticulture in
1990-91.
The important horticultural crops like fruits,
vegetables, spices, medicinal plants, aromatic
plants and flowers are discussed in detail as
follows:
Fruits
l Total area under fruit cultivation in
Haryana was 67720 hectare in 2019-20
with a total production of 11.97 lakh
metric tonnes.
l The Department of Horticulture is
encouraging cluster approach for the better
development of fruit cultivation.
l Mango, guava, papaya and citrus fruits
like kinnow, aamla are some of the
important fruits grown in the state.
l Largest fruit producing district of Haryana
is Sirsa. It is also the largest producer of
orange, kinnu and grapes in Haryana.
Sonipat is the largest producer of Guava.
l Fatehabad is the largest producer of Apple
and Banana in Haryana.
149
Mango Cultivation
lThe largest fruit cultivated in Haryana is Mango.
It is grown in more than 19% of the total area
under fruits.
lMajor varieties of mangoes grown in Haryana are
Dashehari, Chausa, langra, Mallika and Ramkela.
New varieties of Arunika and Ambika are also
grown in Haryana.
lYamunanagar is the largest producer of mangoes
in the state followed by Ambala, Kurukshetra,
Karnal and Panchkula.
Kinnow Cultivation
lKinnow cultivation in Haryana is gaining
popularity. It requires less water and can be grown
in semi-arid regions of the state.
lKinnow production in Haryana is 22 tonnes per
hectare. Every year more hectares of land is put
under its cultivation.
lThe crop arrives in the market in December and
continue till February.
lLeading producers of Kinnow are Sirsa,
Fatehabad, Hisar,Bhiwani and Jhajjar districts.
Fruits and Area of Production
Fruit Main Production Area
Mango Panchkula, Ambala, Yamunanagar, Karnal,
Kurukshetra
Guava Gurugram, Karnal, Hisar, Faridabad, Sonipat
Citrus Sirsa, Hisar, Ambala, Gurugram, Fatehabad
Papaya Yamunanagar, Karnal, Panchkula, Kurukshetra,
Ambala
Berry Sonipat, Gurugram, Hisar, Fatehabad, Rohtak
Amla Sirsa, Gurugram, Hisar, Karnal, Faridabad Ambala
Vegetables
l Total area under vegetable cultivation was 397295
hectares in 2019-20, with a production of 67.38
lakh metric tonnes.
l The main vegetables grown in Haryana are potato,
cauliflower, carrot, tomato, radish and onion.
150 Know Your State Haryana

l The largest cultivated vegetable in Haryana is Spices

potato. l Green chillies, garlic, coriander, methi and
l The largest production of vegetables in the turmeric are some of the spices grown in
state come from Sonipat. Haryana.
l Turnip is extensively cultivated in Haryana l Total area under the spices cultivation was
which enhances the fertility of the land. 9660 hectares in 2019-20 with a production of
Vegetables and Area of Production 0.79 lakh metric tonnes.
l Garlic is the largest cultivated spice in Haryana.
Vegetable Main Production Area
l Around 40% of the total production of spices
Potato Kurukshetra, Yamunanagar, Ambala, Karnal
in Haryana comes from Yamunanagar district.
Onion Gurugram, Sonipat, Panipat, Panchkula
Area and Production of Spices
Cauliflower Sonipat, Panipat, Kurukshetra, Yamunanagar
Name Area Hect Area Hect Target 2020-21
Tomato Karnal, Sonipat, Panipat, Gurugram Production CMT
Ginger 74 92 864
Garlic 3096 3428 46594
Mushroom Cultivation
Fenugreek 2083 2337 10243
l
Mushroom (Khumbi) cultivation in Haryana is rising.
It requires less land and water. It is profitable to Others 4407 5143 35199
grow mushrooms seeing its high demand in 9660 11000 92900
country as it is a rich source of protein, vitamin, folic
acid, iron, etc. Spices and Area of Production
l
The Haryana government has launched a new
Spice District
scheme for promoting mushroom production in
four districts, viz, Kaithal, Jind, Rewari, Coriander Kurukshetra, Karnal, Gurugram, Panchkula,
Mahendragarh by giving ` 50 lakh as subsidy. Ambala
l
There are export opportunities of processed Chillies Yamunanagar, Karnal, Hisar, Jind, Fatehabad
mushrooms like canned and dried mushrooms. Garlic Karnal, Yamunanagar, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Gurugram
l
Sonipat is the largest producer of mushrooms in Methi Gurugram, Hisar, Mahendragarh, Kurukshetra,
Haryana and also in India. Jind
l
In the year 2019-20 the production of mushroom Turmeric Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra, Ambala, Panchkula
was 12718 metric tonnes.
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Top Producers of Fruits and Haryana state has a limited share in the
Vegetables in Haryana cultivation of medicinal plants like Aloe vera,
Fruit
Largest
Vegetable
Largest Stevia, Guggal, Tulsi, Mulethi, Arjun, Giloy, etc.
Producer Producer
State Medicinal Plant Board
Mango Karnal Potato Kurukshetra,
Sonipat
l The State Medicinal Plants Board was formed
on 13th August, 2002 to promote the
Apple Fatehabad Onion Ambala
medicinal and aromatic plants sector in the
Banana Fatehabad Mushroom Sonipat state through implementation of promotional
Gooseberry Sirsa Apricot Sirsa
projects/schemes and the contractual farming
projects, sanctioned and financed by the
Citrus fruit Sonipat Beetroot Kurukshetra National Medicinal Plants Board.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 151

l These plants fetch good revenue for the farmers. l Largest cultivated flower in Haryana is
l State Medicinal Plant Board is located in Gladiolus and the largest producer of it is
Panchkula. The board provides training to Faridabad.
farmers, conduct workshops, organise seminars, l The Haryana state is focussing on the
etc. It also allocates resources for herbal parks. cultivation of Gerbera flowers of red, pink,
l Aloe vera is the largest cultivated medicinal yellow and white colour.
plant in Haryana. l The plants are sourced from Pune and
l Currently a project on ‘Conservation and Bengaluru.
Development of Guggal in Haryana’ and l Haryana State Government is giving 50%
another project for ‘Plantation of Amla and grants to farmers for Gerbera cultivation.
Moringa’ are under implementation in the state l It is in high demand as it is used for
by the Forest Department. decoration in wedding and other ceremonies.
l The state has large number of herbal parks i.e., l Lilliam flowers of white, red and yellow
59 herbal parks. colours are in great demand.
l Highest number of herbal parks are in Rewari l Lilliam cultivation is done in Tosham of
(15) followed by Mahendragarh (11). World Bhiwani district. The sandy soil and climatic
Herbal Forest is being developed in Morni conditions of Bhiwani are suitable for the
Hills. New parks are created in Masudpur, cultivation of Lilliam.
Kheri Lohchab, Dharam Kheri and Khanda
l Lilliam seeds are imported from Holland.
Kheri.
Area and Production of Medicinal
l The state has set up centre of excellence for
and Aromatic Plants flowers in assistance with Netherlands in
Jhajjar district to encourage the farmers to
Name Area Hectare Production (MT) take up floriculture.
Aloe vera 138 325 l Shahbad town of Kurukshetra is gaining
Stevia 9 40 popularity for the high income it earn due to
Arandi 0 0 flower cultivation mainly of Marigold, Jaffrey
Other 144 221 Rose and Chrysanthemum.
Total 291 586 l Flowers from Haryana are sent to Delhi,
Chandigarh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and
As per Economic Survey of Haryana 2020-21
Rajasthan.
Floriculture in Haryana Flowers and Area of Production
Flower Main Production Area
l Among the flowers Gladiolus, Marigold, Rose
and Tuber rose are mainly cultivated in Rose Panipat, Sonipat, Gurugram,
Kaithal
Haryana.
Marigold Gurugram, Sonipat, Jind, Jhajjar
l As per the Economic Survey of 2020-21 total
Rajnigandha Faridabad
area under the flower cultivation in the state was
3478 hectare in 2019-20 with a production of Gladiolus Faridabad, Gurugram, Karnal,
Panchkula
0.39 lakh metric tonnes.
152
Centre of Excellence in Horticulture
Institution Location
Centre of Excellence for Mangiana (Sirsa)
Fruit
Coe Biotechnology Shamgarh (Karnal)
Coe for Honey Ramnagar (Kurukshetra)
Coe for sub- tropical fruits Ladwa (Kurukshetra)
Guava Technology Bhuna (Fatehabad)
Exhibition Centre
Coe for Flower Jhajjar
Institutions For Agricultural
Development
Haryana being an agricultural state, has separate
departments dedicated to various phases of
agriculture that undertake various
developmental activities. They are discussed as
follows:
Haryana Cooperative Agriculture and
Village Development Bank
l It was established on 1st November, 1966
under the Punjab Cooperative Association
Act 1965.
l In 1974, its name was changed to Haryana
State Cooperative Land Development Bank
Limited.
l The bank provides long term loans to farmers.
90% of the finance of these loans is done by
NABARD, 5% by Haryana State Government
and 5% by Central Government.
Haryana State Cooperative Bank
Limited (HARCO)
l The bank was constituted on
1st November, 1966. It provides finance to
farmers, marginal labourers and industrialists.
l The bank has 13 branches and 2 extension
boards in Chandigarh and Panchkula.
l Bank also assists in giving financial aids.
Know Your State Haryana
Haryana State Cooperative and
Marketing Federation (HAFED)
lIt was established on 1st November, 1966. Its
main office is at Panchkula. Its objective is to
provide clean and hygenic food products.
lThe main products are basmati rice, mustard
oil, refined oil, soyabean oil, wheat, sugar,
turmeric, etc.
Haryana State Cooperative Sugar Mills
Limited
It was established in the year 1966. It objective is
to set up new sugar mills and improve the
functioning of old mills.
Haryana Warehousing Corporation
lThe corporation was formed on
1st November, 1967. It main objective is to
provide scientific warehousing facilities to
farmers, government agencies and traders. It is
a nodal agency for warehousing in Haryana.
lIt was started with 16 warehouses with a
capacity of 7000 metric tonnes. On
30th November, 2019 its capacity increased to
111 warehouses with a storage capacity of
15.25 lakh metric tonnes.
lThe corporation runs one Inland Container
Depot with freight facilities in Bawal in
Rewari. It is connected through Electronic
Data Interchange medium which is very useful
for imports and exports.
Haryana State Agriculture Marketing
Board (HSAMB)
lIt was established on 1st August, 1969 within
the framework of Punjab Agricultural Produce
Market Act, 1961.
lIts headquarters is located at Panchkula. Its
objective is to set up modern markets and
evolve efficient marketing system. It develops
first markets, fodder markets, fish market,
grain market, cotton market and wool market.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, it has 113
main markets 168 sub-markets and 196
purchase centres.
l The board is developing Agro Shopping Mall
premises for the ease of marketing of
agricultural products. It has completed agro
malls projects in Karnal, Rohtak, Panipat and
Panchkula.
l The board is also developing “Post Harvest
Support System” having International Standards
Baghwani Market at (Ganaur) Sonipat. The
project is named as International Horticulture
Market. This will have cold storage, ripening,
grading and packaging chambers.
l The board also develops village roads.
Haryana Seed Development
Corporation (HSDC)
lIt was established in 1974 under the
Companies Act, 1956. It has built 6 seed
processing plants at Umri, Hisar, Sirsa,
Yamunanagar, Tohana and Pataudi.
lIt produces and distributes certified seeds, buy,
sell, import, export and deal in seeds of all
varieties.
lIt also owns and operates seed testing
laboratories. It sells seeds under the brand
name of ‘Haryana Seeds’ through its own
network of 74 sale counters, institutional
agencies like HAFED, HAIC, Mini Banks, etc.
lIt supplies good quality seeds to farmers. It
regulates the price of the seeds. It gives the seeds
to the farmers in accordance with the central
or state schemes for distribution of seeds.
Haryana Land Reclamation and
Development Corporation (HLRDC)
lIt was established on 27th March, 1974. It is
located at Panchkula and has three regional
offices at Hisar, Karnal and Kaithal.
lIt is established to reclaim alkaline land,
manage government owned farms and sale of
agricultural inputs to the farmers.
153
l The Corporation provides 50% grants for
gypsym requirements of farmers. It also
provides 60% grants to farmers under the
National Food Security Mission and National
Mission for Oilseed and Oil palm.
Haryana State Seed Certification
Agency (HSSCA)
lIt was established on 6th April, 1976. Its main
function is to certify the seeds as notified by
the Government of India under Section 5 of
Seeds Act, 1966.
lIt is registered under Societies Act, 1860.
Presently, it has diversified its activities for
organic production also.
lIts head office is located at Panchkula and four
regional offices are in Hisar, Karnal, Sirsa and
Rohtak.
lIts main objective is to provide certified seeds
to the farmers of the state at reasonable prices.
lThe certification of seeds is also done by
Haryana Seed Development Corporation,
Hafed, Haryana Land Reclamation and
Development Corporation, Haryana
Agricultural University, National Seed
Corporation and other private seed
certification centres.
Haryana Farmer Commission
lThe Haryana Farmer Commission was
constituted on 15th July, 2012. RS Paroda was
the first Commissioner of this Commission.
lOther members of this Commission include
Vice-chancellor of Agricultural University,
Hisar, Secretary General and Finance
Commissioner of Agriculture Department.
Two non-governing members are also
appointed by the Governor in this
Commission.
lIts head office is located in Hisar. One camp of
the Commission is also set up in Gurugram so
that farmers may get more benefits.
154
The work done by the Commission are :
lTo know and understand about agricultural
problems in the state.
lTo advice on how to raise farmer’s income and
productivity.
lFormulate plans and projects on animal
husbandry, horticulture, etc.
lTo propose or recommend the management of
seeds, manures, fertilizers, pesticides, etc. to the
State Government.
lTo prepare plans on proper use of irrigation
resources.
lTo encourage research and technical
development in agriculture sector.
Important Scheme for Agriculture
Development of Haryana Government
Important schemes for agriculture development
run by Haryana Government are as follow.
Mukhya Mantri Kisan Evam Khetihar
Mazdoor Jiwan Suraksha Yojana
lThis scheme was launched in 2014 by the
State Government of Haryana.
lIt aims to provide insurance cover to
farmers and farm workers in the event of
death or injury due to operation of farm
machinery.
lUnder this, the government provides a
compensation of ` 5 lakh in case of death and
` 2.5 lakh in case of any disability.
Seed Scheme
l It started from 2011. This programme is
implemented by Haryana Seed Development
Corporation.
l The farmers are provided assistance for the
purchase of hybrid/certified seeds. They are
provided subsidies for the purchase of seeds of
wheat, barley, paddy and bajra.
Know Your State Haryana
Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme
lIt is implemented in 12 districts of the state
from 2009-10. This scheme is based on several
weather parameters such as deficit rainfall,
excess rainfall, temperature and dry days
instead of yield parameters. Main crops under
this scheme are wheat and paddy.
Indo-Dutch Project
l It was started in 1994 in collaboration with
Government of Netherlands and currently
running in four areas namely Lakhan Majra
(Rohtak), Safidon (Jind), Ghadwal and
Gohana (Sonipat).
l This project is undertaken by the Haryana
Government to treat the waterlogged and
saline soils for the reclamation of waterlogged
and saline lands. It is part of the main
project-Haryana Operational Pilot Project.
Tele Agriculture
lThis is an agricultural helpline started by the
State Government through which farmers can
get relevant information related to weather,
agricultural developments, new technology,
seeds, etc.
lInitially implemented in Hisar district, now
this helpline is being available in other districts
also.
E-NAM
l The State Government has launched
e-National Agriculture Market (NAM) in
Haryana and has linked 54 modes with
e-NAM to promote online trading of
agricultural commodities.
l The government has also launched an
‘e-Kharid’ project to digitise the procurement
process of foodgrains. The State Government
gives agriculture awards Chowdhary Devilal
Award to encourage the farmers.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
l It also provides financial assistance like
Revolving Cash Credit Scheme, Easy Loan
Scheme, etc.
l The state celebrates ‘Farmers Day’ every year
on 23rd December to mark the birth date of
Chowdhary Charan Singh.
Central Government Schemes
in Haryana
Some Central Government initiatives for
agricultural development in the state are as
follows:
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maandhan Yojana
l It was launched on 12th September, 2019 by
Pradhan Mantri Narendra Modi at Ranchi,
the capital of Jharkhand.
l Farmers above 60 years are provided with a
pension of 3000.
l The eligible farmer is required to contribute to
a persion fund between ` 55 to 200 per
month depending on the entry age. The
central government contributes in equal
amount to the pension fund.
l This scheme is running in Haryana.
l Under this scheme, Haryana State
Government is also financing the Mukhya
Mantri Parivar Samridhi Yojana.
l Under this, farmers with less than 1.80 lakh of
annual income are provided with pension.
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi
l The scheme was launched in 2019. Under this
scheme, a sum of ` 6000 is being provided to
each farmer in an year in three installments.
l The scheme aims to increase farmer’s income
by giving them additional cash benefits.
l The PM-Kisan Scheme aims to supplement
the financial needs of the small and Marginal
farmers (SMFS) in procuring various inputs to
ensure proper crop health and appropriate
yields. This would protect them from falling
in the clutches of moneylenders.
155
Crop Insurance Scheme
lThe Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
(PMFBY) was launched on 18th February,
2016 by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
lUnder the scheme, the farmer’s share of
premium is 1.5 per cent for Rabi crops, 2%
per cent for Kharif crops and 5 per cent for
horticultural and commercial crops.
lThe remaining share is paid by the Central
and State Government in equal proportion.
lThe scheme was launched in Haryana in the
year 2017-18.
lThe premium for cash crop of cotton is
reduced from 5% to 2% for the benefit of the
farmers.
lThis scheme is encouraging farmers to adopt
innovative and modern agricultural practices.
It helps in stabilising the income of farmers to
ensure their continuance in farming.
Soil Health Card Scheme
lPrime Minister Narendra Modi launched this
scheme from Suratgarh, Rajasthan on
19th February, 2015.
lThe main objective of this scheme is to
recommend about the required nutrition or
fertilizers for the fields so that farmers can
increase their productivity.
lIn the first phase of this scheme (2015-2017)
10.74 crore cards and in the second phase
(2017-2019) 11.69 crore Soil Health Cards
were distributed to farmers.
National Food Security Mission
lIt is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme running in
the state from 2007-08. Its objective is to
increase production of wheat and pulses
through area expansion and productivity
enhancement in a sustainable manner.
lThe scheme runs on 60:40 basis from the year
2015-16 where 60% is centre share and 40%
is state share of the finances.
156
l 7 districts are covered for wheat crop and 5 for
pulses.
l Five districts are covered under course grains
and cash crop production. These are Jhajjar,
Hisar, Bhiwani, Narnaul and Rewari.
l In the year 2018-19, Central Government
joined 9 districts under Mission Nutritive
Grain Bhiwani, Gurugram, Hisar, Jhajjar,
Jind, Mahendragarh, Mewat, Rewari and
Rohtak.
l Panchkula and Sirsa are covered under Coarse
Grains Mission. Narnaul and Rewari districts
are not under this scheme.
Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
lIt is a Central Government Scheme started in
2007-08 in Haryana with a centre-state
sharing pattern of 60 : 40.
lDevelopment works like irrigation through
underground pipeline system, sprinklers,
increasing soil health through provisions of
manures, better seeds are undertaken under
this scheme.
lThe scheme aims to set up ideal agricultural
village by spreading awareness on farming
practices.
lDuring the year 2019-20, the State level
Sanctioning Committee (SLSC) had approved
the projects of ` 351.02 crore.
National Organic Farming Project
lThis project was launched under 10th Five
Year Plan (2002-07).
lThe project is being run by National Organic
Farming Centre which is at Ghaziabad and 8
regional centres are Patna, Bubneshwer,
Bangluru, Panchkula, Gaziabad, Imphal
and Nagpur.
lPanchkula in Haryana is one of the regional
centres for this project.
Know Your State Haryana
Haryana State Agriculture Plan (Draft)
lTo achieve high growth in the agriculture
sector, the Government of India, formulated
National Agriculture Plan in 2000 and in 2007
formulated plan for farmers. Later Haryana
Government made a draft to improve the
overall conditions of the farmers of the state.
lHaryana State Government also prepared a
draft of the State Agricultural Plan.
lHaryana State Government has divided the
entire state into three agricultural zones based
on the geographic and climatic conditions.
These zones are as follows:
lZone I There are 8 districts in this zone. These
are Panchkula, Ambala, Kurukshetra, Karnal,
Yamunanagar, Kaithal, Panipat and Sonipat.
lZone II There are seven districts in this zone.
These are Fatehabad, Sirsa, Hisar, Jind,
Rohtak, Faridabad and Palwal.
lZone III There are seven districts in this zone.
These are Bhiwani, Charkhi-Dadri,
Mahendragarh, Rewari, Jhajjar, Gurugram
and Nuh.
lZone I and Zone II are specially marked for
the production of sugarcane, cotton, wheat,
pulses, rice, horticulture and dairy.
lZone III is specially marked for cultivation of
those crops that can survive in semi-arid climate
such as mustard, pulses, wheat, bajra etc.
lNuh is specially marked for animal rearing.
Crop Diversification Scheme
lFarmers are encouraged to change their crop
cycle with this scheme.
lThey are educated on how to sow a variety
of crops that improves soil fertility and
productivity.
lFarmers are encouraged to sow maize, moong
and other pulses along with rice and wheat.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Agricultural Awards
The following awards are given by the Haryana State
Government for outstanding work in the field of
agriculture:
l
Jan Nayak Chaudhary Devi Lal Award Under this
Award the highest producing farmer at the district
level gets cash reward of ` 25000 and the highest
producing farmer at the state level gets ` 1 Lakh
cash prize.
l
Krishi Ratna Award This award is given by the
Haryana State Government for outstanding
performance to the farmers of the state. The award
is given at two levels - state and district.
l
At the state level farmers are awarded ` 100000 cash
prize, a citation and at the district level farmers are
awarded ` 51000 cash prize and a citation as an
award.
l
Under the Krishi Ratna Award many awards are
given in various fields of agriculture like, Fasal
Ratna, Udhami Ratna, Matsya Ratna, Phool Ratna,
Sabzi Ratna, Nursery Ratna and Mushroom Ratna
Awards.
Government Initiatives
in Horticulture
Crop Cluster Development Programme
lThis scheme is launched by Horticulture
department of the state which came into effect
from 21st February, 2018.
lIt is launched in 340 villages which will be
developed into ‘Horticulture villages’. These
villages are made into 140 clusters.
lThese clusters are given the facilities of pack
house, polyhouse, packing machinery, cold
house, primary processing units, sales centres,
refer vans, solar energy facilities, etc.
lThis cluster is developed at Uncha Majra
village in Gurugram district.
Horticulture Vision 2030
lIn the year 2017 Haryana State Government
has prepared a long term vision to increase the
horticulture twice and production thrice by the
year 2030.
157
l To give a boost in the horticulture sector, State
Government has set up Bagwani Vishwavidyalya
in Karnal district.
l Under this, State Government has been
establishing centre of Excellence in each
district of the state for the promotion of
horticulture. Karnal, Sirsa and Kurukshetra
has already set up three Centres.
l As per this vision, Haryana Government has
planned to enhance the area under
horticulture cultivation from 7 to 25 per cent.
Bhavantar Bharpayee Yojana
lThis scheme was launched on 30th December,
2017 and came in to effect from 1st January,
2018.
lIn this scheme, the farmers will be assured of
compensation in case the prices go below the
mentioned prices.
lThis scheme is undertaken to diversify the
farmers from producing traditional crops to
vegetables.
lPresently, compensation assurance of four
vegetables are given i.e. tomato, potato, onion
and cauliflower.
lThis scheme is firstly launched at Ganger
village in Karnal.
Horticulture University
lIn order to develop state specific technologies
that cater to the local needs, the State
Government has set up Maharana Pratap
Horticultural University at Karnal to carry on
research in horticultural practices.
lThe university became functional from 6th
January, 2017.
National Horticulture Mission
lThe Government of India has launched
National Horticulture Mission in 2005-06 as a
Centrally Sponsored Scheme to promote
holistic growth of the horticulture sector
through area based regionally differentiated
strategies.
158
l Under National Horticulture Mission two
schemes have been granted by Central
Government which are:
1. Center for Excellence for food, Sirsa.
2. Center for Excellence for vegetable, Karnal.
Indo-Israel Horticulture Project
l The Harayana Government has set up an
Indo-Israel Horticulture Project at Gharaunda
in district Karnal to enable farmers to grow off
seasonal vegetables.
l Under the project, seedlings of various
vegetables like tomato, seedless cucumber and
capsicum would be prepared in the
greenhouse, polyhouse, net house and these
saplings would be provided to the farmers on
subsidy.
International Horticulture Market
l To make a world class, modern, wholesale fruit
and vegetable trading platform, the Haryana
Government has decided to make use of
French expertise in horticulture marketing and
develop an International Horticulture Market
(IHM) in Ganaur (Sonipat) and Panchkula.
l Horticulture crops are covered under the
Pradhan Mantri Crop Insurance scheme.
l Now the State Government of Haryana will
stand the Chief Minister Horticulture
Insurance Scheme.
l A total of 20 horticulture crops (14 vegetable
crops, two spice crops, four fruit crops) have
been covered under this insurance scheme.
Modified National Agricultural
Insurance Scheme (MNAIS)
l This scheme was first started in the Karnal and
Kaithal districts of Haryana but now it is
working in Rohtak and Jindh.
l There is a provision of 40 to 50 per cent grant
in this scheme. Wheat and Rice crops are
covered under this scheme.
Know Your State Haryana
Kisan E-Portal
The department of horticulture in Haryana
provides the facility to link the village with
E-portals so that farmers can benefit from
information related to weather, seed plantations,
market rates, etc.
Farmer Clubs
The farmer clubs are grassroot level informal
forums run by individuals belonging to farming
community. At present, 835 such clubs are
running in the state with a membership of 1000
farmers in each club.
Technology Demonstration Centres
The State Government has set up Technology
Demonstration centres at seven places i.e.
Shamgarh, Gharounda, Mangeana, Ladwa, Ram
Nagar, Jhajjar and Bhuna.
Integrated Parasite Management
l Under this scheme, to decrease the dependency
on chemical pesticides, a Biological Control
Laboratory has been set up in Sirsa.
l State Government promoted bio-pesticides
and bio-agents through which the use of
bio-pesticides by the farmers of the state has
been increased.
l Under this scheme, farmers will be provided
free bio-agent in order to reduce crops disease.
Animal Husbandry in Haryana
l Animal husbandry is an important sector to
supplement the income of rural masses in the
state. It is the second important activity after
agriculture in the state.
l The first Animal Survey of India was done in
1919-20 after which, it is conducted every
five years.
l As per 20th livestock Census 2019, the
livestock population of Haryana consists of
71.26 lakh including 19.29 lakh cattle and
43.68 lakh Buffaloes.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
l The districts with highest number of cattle
population is Bhiwani. It is followed by Hisar,
Jind, Sirsa and Kaithal.
l Cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, horse are reared
in the Central, Eastern and Northern regions of
the state.
l Donkeys, mules and camels are reared in the
drier parts of Southern and Western regions of
the state.
l The milk production in Haryana in the year
2019-20 was 117.34 lakh metric tonnes.
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21, there are
2884 Veterinary Institution and 6 Polyclinics in
Haryana.
l On an average every 3 villages are having the
facility of one veterinary hospitals in the state.
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21, 5 New
Government Veterinary Hospitals, and 21
Government Veterinary Dispensaries have
opened in Haryana.
l While 20 veterinary Dispensaries have been
upgraded into Govenment Hospitals.
Livestock of Haryana
Buffalo
lAs per Livestock Census 2019, Bhiwani had the
highest population of buffaloes followed by
Hisar and Jind and the lowest was in
Panchkula.
lMurrah variety of buffaloes indegenous to
Haryana is popular throughout the country for
its superior breed.
lThis breed is also called as Black Gold. It is the
most important breed of buffaloes found
mainly in Rohtak, Hisar and Jind districts of
Haryana.
lIt gives around 35 litres of milk in a day and is
also nicknamed as Asian Tractor. Locally
Murrah buffalo is also called as Khundi.
159
Cow
lHariana breed, Tharparkar breed and Sahiwal
breed of cows are found in the state and
originated from Rohtak, Hisar, Jind and
Gurugram.
lJersey cattle and mix breed is also found in
the state. District with highest cattle
population is Hisar, followed by Sirsa and
Karnal.
lTo protec the cow the government of
Haryana has dicided to establish Government
Abhyaranyas in Hisar and Panipat.
Sheep
lMost of the sheep flocks in Haryana are
stationary. Only a few are migratory that
follow a fixed route along Rajasthan and
Madhya Pradesh.
lThe Nali breed of sheep is found in Hisar and
Rohtak. Hisardale is also a popular breed.
lBhiwani has the largest population of sheep
followed by Hisar and Sirsa.
Goat
lHaryana is the fifth largest producer of goats.
Famous varieties of goats in Haryana are
Betal, Nagfani, Jamunapari, Boer and Nubian
goat.
lMahendragrah has the highest population of
goats followed by Bhiwani and Sirsa.
Other Animals
lHorses They are found highest in Ambala
followed by Karnal and Kaithal.
lDonkey They are found highest in Bhiwani
followed by Gurugram and Rewari.
lCamels They are found highest in Bhiwani
followed by Sirsa and Mahendragarh.
lPigs They are found highest in Sonipat
followed by Jind and Rohtak.
160 Know Your State Haryana

Major Districts with Livestock State Government Initiatives for

(in Descending Order) Development of Animal Husbandry
Cattle Districts The Department of Animal Husbandry,
Cow Hisar, Sirsa, Karnal established in 1966 provides healthcare and
breeding facilities for the livestock in the state.
Buffalo Bhiwani, Hisar, Jind
In order to improve the genetic merit of
Sheep Bhiwani, Hisar, Sirsa livestock, government has initiated many
Goat Mahendragarh, Bhiwani, Sirsa programmes.
Horse Ambala, Karnal, Kaithal Some of the initiatives are discussed below:
Mule Bhiwani, Jhajjar, Kaithal Haryana Pashu Kisan Credit Card
Camel Bhiwani, Sirsa, Mahendragarh Yojana 2021
Pig Sonipat, Jind
l This scheme was launched by Agricultural
minister JP Dalal ji. Under this scheme,
Dog Gurugram, Sirsa
farmers who has a cow will be provided a loan
Donkey Bhiwani, Gurugram of ` 40783 and ` 60249 will be provided to
buffalo owner.
Important Facts Related to Animal l In order to get this loan cattle farmer has to
Husbandry in Haryana get an Animal Farmer Credit Card.
l Semen Bank established at Narnaul in l The loan amount will be provided in 6 equal
Mahendragarh district that has facilities of installments.
liquid nitrogen to keep safe.
l This amount will have to be returned to the
l Hisar has artificial insemination centres. beneficiary with a 4% interest rate in a span of
l Hisar district has Asia’s largest animal farm. 1 year.
l Horse (stallion) breeding centre is located at Livestock Insurance Scheme
Tohana in Hisar.
l On 29th July, 2016, the Livestock Insurance
l Poultry Disease and Research Centre is at Scheme is started to safeguard the interests of
Thanesar in Kurukshetra. It was established in the farmers at Jhajjar.
1988-89.
l Under this scheme, ` 100 for large mammals
l Gurugram has three poultry research and such as cattle, buffaloes, horses, donkeys,
breeding centres. etc. and ` 25 for small ruminants such as
l Sperm centres are at Hisar, Gurugram and sheep, pigs, etc is being paid for 3 years as
Jagadhri. Sperm bank in Bhiwani was started premium.
in 1972. l Farmers can insure either five big animals or
l State animal wealth farms are situated in Hisar. 50 small ruminants under this scheme.
l Domestic animal veterinary centre is situated l The scheme is running in 15 districts of
in Panchkula. the state.
l Wool grading cum marketing centre is at l Scheduled Caste can avail this scheme
Hisar and Loharu (Bhiwani). for free.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Haryana Gauvansh Sanrakshan and
Gausamvardhan
lThis act was launched on 27th October, 2015.
Under this act, the State Government
established institutions to accept, keep,
maintain and care for the infirm, injured,
stray and uneconomic cows in the state
of Haryana.
lThe institutions provide programmes for the
conservation and upgradation of indigenous
breeds of cows.
Mukhya Mantri Grameen Dudharu
Pashudhan Suraksha Yojana
This scheme has been launched in the year
2013-14 to provide compensation to the farmers
in the event of sudden death of milch animals in
the state.
Banjh Mukt Pashudhan
lTo maximise per head productivity through
regular breeding, a unique programme of
Banjh Mukt Pashudhan has been launched in
2009-10.
lThis programme is undertaken by Rashtriya
Krishi Vikas Yojana.
National Programme for Bovine
Breeding
lTo bring the indigenous cattle at par with
buffaloes, Systematic Breed Improvement
Programme through various organisations,
especially Gaushalas in the state is being
undertaken, where selective breeding through
natural service as well as through artificial
insemination with quality semen is performed.
lIndigenous breeds of cattle and buffalo namely
Murrah, Sahiwal, Hariana, Tharparker are
being maintained at state owned farms at Hisar.
lThese breeds are supported with various
programmes to encourage retention of high
fielders.
161
Women Dairy Development Scheme
In order to provide financial stability to rural
women, the private company, Nestle India
Limited has started this scheme.
Veterinary Services
lIn order to provide quality veterinary services,
selected district hospitals are being upgraded
into specialised polyclinics in a phased manner.
lThree such polyclinics at Sonipat, Bhiwani
and Sirsa in addition to one Pet Animal.
lMedical Centre-Cum-Teaching hosptial at
Panchkula have been commissioned.
lPolyclinic at Rohtak is also started.
Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Bima Yojana
lIn this scheme, farmers can insure their farm
animals for one year.
lThey can insure 5 big animals (cow, buffalo,
horse, camel). They can insured for a sum of
` 10050 each.
lFarmers can also insure their small animals
(sheep, goat, pig) for a sum of ` 25 each.
Biogas Plant Scheme
l Under this scheme, Government is providing
financial assistance to farmers for the
installation of biogas plants.
l The main purpose of this scheme is to use
animal dung in order to obtain the necessary
fuel and manure that can be used in
agriculture also.
Pashudhan Vikas Vahini Yojana
lThis facility is started by Haryana Government
to provide information about animal
husbandry techniques and breeding facilities.
lIt is a state government funded scheme that
helps the needy farmers 24 hours by giving
them educational information, telling them
about available vaccination, nearby animal care
centres, etc.
162
Important Facts Related to
Livestock
l Haryana state started the joint vaccination
programme for cows and buffaloes. They are
vaccinated under Atam Nirbhar Bharat
Scheme for the prevention of cattle diseases.
l Haryana is the first state to provide animal
insurance at no cost to Scheduled Tribes.
These groups are also provided with 50%
subsidy for setting up dairy or for rearing of
goat, pig and sheep.
l To encourage the growth of indigenous breeds
like Sahiwal, Hariana and Tharparkar, an ideal
village called Gokul Gram is established at
Hisar. Measures are taken for the upgradation
and promotion of local breeds.
l Haryana is the first state to provide a 12 digit
Id card for cows. The breed, its growth
period, etc. are regularly recorded.
l Based on the readings of milk the farmers are
given a grant of ` 1000-20000 for these
animals.
l Haryana government organises district wise
livestock shows and exhibitions.
l Cash awards to be given to farmers under
Integrated Murrah Development Schemes.
l To encourage farmers for more production, a
prize money is given. An amount of ` 15000
is given if milk production is 19.22 litres,
` 20000 if production is 22.25 litres and
` 30000 if it is 25 litres.
l Haryana become the first state to implement
Haryana Murrah Buffalo and other Milch
Animal Breed Act, 2001 in order to improve
the breeding of milch animals and to provide
protection to them.
l The State Government has formed Pashu
Swasthya Kalyan Samiti to encourage the
activities of samities in Government Veterinary
Hospital and District Diagnostic Laboratory
in every district of the state for preventing
cruelty to animals.
Know Your State Haryana
l Stock of essential and generic medicines is
made available in Pashudhan Aushadhi Store
at each vet hospital.
l For complete ban on cow slaughter “The
Haryana Gauvaush Sanrakshan and
Gausamvardhan Act, 2015 has been enacted
from 19.11.2015.
l As per this Act, stringent punishment of 10
years of imprisonment and ` 1 lakh fine will
be charged.
l The Haryana Animal (Registeration,
Certification and Breeding) Act 2019 is
passed in the state for the welfare and genetic
improvement of animals.
l Women are encouraged to run and manage
dairy under Haryana Women Dairy Project.
Livestock Development Award
l The Government of Haryana has started the
‘Livestock Development Award’ scheme with an
aim to encourage the cattle rearers to preserve
their high quality milch Murra buffaloes.
l Under this scheme, cattle owners will be
provided incentives ranging from ` 1000 to
6000 per buffalo as well as the owners of
Murra buffalo who have recorded milk of
19-22 kg, 22-25 kg and more than 25 litre will
be given ` 15000, ` 20000 and ` 30000 cash
incentive, respectively.
Livestock and Dairy Development
Institute
Many institutes have been established in the
state for the livestock and dairy development
which are as follows:
National Dairy Research Institute
lIt was established in 1923 in Bengaluru and
was named as Imperial Institute of Animal
Husbandry and Dairy.
lIn 1947, the name was changed to National
Dairy Research Centre.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
l In 1955, the head office was shifted from
Bengaluru to Karnal.
l Facilities at Bengaluru were retained to
function as a regional station to serve the
Southern states.
Haryana Dairy Development Cooperative
Federation Limited
l Haryana Dairy Cooperation was established in
1970. This institution was operational till
31st March, 1977.
l After 1977, a three level Cooperative Dairy
Federation was established on the pattern of
Anand Cooperative of Gujarat.
The three level cooperative management is done
in the following ways:
l Milk producers centres at village level.
l Milk producers Cooperative Union at district
level.
l Milk producers Federation at state level.
Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterniary
and Animal Sciences
l This university was established on
4th February, 2010. It is in Hisar district.
l Six higher education institutions are affiliated
to this university. These are as under:
1. Animal Veterinary Sciences College.
2. Institute of Veterinary, Animal Health and
Biotechnology.
3. Institute of Fish Sciences.
4. Institute of Animal Biotechnology.
5. Institute of Dairy Technology.
6. Animal Sciences College.
Other Livestock Institutes in Haryana
Institute Year Centre
Central Buffalo Research Institute 1985 Hisar
National Horse Research Institute 1986 Hisar
Animal Vaccination Research Institute —
Animal Veterinary and Research Centre —
163
Poultry Farming in Haryana
l Poultry farming is seen as a second source of
income. It reduces the dependency on
agriculture.
l Poultry farming and processing of poultry
products derived from it : raw, frozen, ready to
eat, processed etc are in high demand.
l In Haryana, poultry farming is growing by 12
per cent over the last five years.
l Broiler farms are established in Jind, Panipat,
Hisar, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Karnal, Kaithal and
Yamunanagar.
l Four government poultry farms are in Ambala,
Rohtak, Bhiwani and Hisar.
l The Department of Animal Husbandry and
Dairying, is responsible for promotion of
poultry in Haryana.
l Currently the state has over 12 thousand
poultry farms.
l Haryana launched a Subsidy Scheme for the
establishment of poultry farm for farmers who
have less than 2.5 acres of land. The scheme is
even for BPL families.
l The Central Government runs the Central
Poultry Breeding Farm at Chandigarh. It
caters to the poultry development, breeding
and vaccination of the poultry in the Northern
region of India.
Backyard Poultry Scheme
lThis scheme is run by Haryana State
Government from 2018.
lIt aims to provide self-employment
opportunities to small farmers, marginal
labourers and landless agricultural workers.
lUnder the scheme 80 chicks which are 8-10
days old will be provided to each beneficiary
family. They will also be provided with two
feeders and two water drinkers.
Hisar
lThe beneficiary families will be guided from
Hisar
time to time on how to rear the chicks.
164
Fisheries in Haryana
l There is great potential of fish culture in
the state and it is now on the threshold of
Blue Revolution after Green and White
Revolution.
l Rivers, rivulets and lakes in Haryana abound
with many species of fish.
l The important ones are Katla, Mrigal,
Chunni, Bata, Siriha, Mallee, etc.
l Fish culture is also being accepted by the
farmers of the state as subsidiary occupation
along with agriculture.
l Shrimp culture is also taking place in
man-made salt lakes in the state.
l Haryana stands second in the average
annual fish production per unit area in
the country.
l The government is providing technical and
financial assistance through Fish Farmers
Development Agencies to the fish farmers,
which have been set up in all the districts of
the state except Panchkula, Nuh and Palwal.
l It is proposed to establish new fish market
at Bahadurgarh and Gurugram to
strengthen the post harvest infrastructure in
the state.
Know Your State Haryana
l According to the Economic Survey 2020-21,
the total area under fish farming in rural water
bodies is around 17216 hectare.
l The Fish production in the state is 191000
metric tonne in the year 2019-20.
l There are around 20 fish healthcare centres, 14
aqua polyclinics and 1 state diagnostic lab to
cater to the demand of fish.
l Fisheries Department of Haryana aims to
develop 2500 acre of waterlogged area for
pisciculture in Jind, Jhajjar, Charki-Dadri,
Rohtak, Palwal, Sonipat, Nuh, Hisar,
Fatehabad and Faridabad.
l Tikkar Tal of Panchkula and West Yamuna
Canal of Yamunanagar are being developed for
conservation of depleted fish species.
l Prawn chilling and its processing centre is
established for shrimp production in the saline
affected and waterlogged areas in the state.
l Haryana is declared by the government as fish
disease free state.
l Fisheries Department declared to include 200
hectare water logged area utilising saline water
for fish production.
l Government will create a fish mandi,
awareness amongst the common people
regarding importance of fish conservation.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. The revolution responsible for bringing 11. Which of the following taxes has waived by
prosperity in Haryana is ____. [PGT 2016] the Haryana Government on wheat?
(a) Green Revolution (b) White Revolution (a) Sales tax (b) Production tax
(c) Wheat Revolution (d) Blue Revolution (c) Vat (d) All of these
2. First Agriculture census was done in 12. Which Kharif crop covers the maximum
Haryana in ______ [Haryana Patwari 2016] agricultural area in Haryana?
(a) 1968-69 (b) 1970-71 (a) Rice (b) Wheat
(c) 1975-76 (d) 1980-81 (c) Bajra (d) Maize
3. In which of the following discipline Haryana 13. Which district in Haryana is the largest
is most famous for? [HSSC 2020] exporter of Basmati rice?
(a) Agriculture (b) IT industries (a) Fatehabad (b) Panipat
(c) Sports (d) Manufacturing (c) Karnal (d) Kurukshetra
4. How many Agro Climatic Zones are there in 14. Which district is known as Rice Bowl of the
Haryana? state? [HSSC 2017, 16]
(a) 1 (b) 2 (a) Ambala (b) Sirsa
(c) 3 (d) 4 (c) Hisar (d) Karnal
5. What is Rabi crop locally called in Haryana? 15. Best quality rice is grown in which two
(a) Asadhi crop (b) Savani crop districts of Haryana? [Haryana Patwari 2015,
(c) Agphani crop (d) Kartik crop HSSC 2017]
6. During monsoon, which crops are grown in (a) Karnal and Kurukshetra
Haryana? [HSSC 2017] (b) Karnal and Rewari
(a) Kharif (b) Rabi (c) Hisar and Rewari
(c) Zaid (d) Cash (d) Sirsa and Faridabad

7. Kharif crops are grown in the month of 16. Which district of Haryana is the largest
_______ . [HSSC 2017] producer of maize?
(a) January-February (b) March-April (a) Rewari (b) Fatehabad
(c) June-July (d) July-August (c) Panchkula (d) Jind

8. Kharif crops are also known as ____ . 17. Which of the following crops of Haryana is
[HSSC 2017] grown in dry regions?
(a) Cash (b) Food (a) Rice (b) Jowar
(c) Summer (d) Winter (c) Wheat (d) Sugarcane

9. Which crop is produced most in Haryana? 18. Which crop grows well in semi-arid regions
[Haryana Lab Attendant 2018, Anganwadi 2017] of Mahendragarh?
(a) Rice (b) Sugarcane (a) Bajra (b) Jowar
(c) Maize (d) Wheat (c) Rice (d) Sugarcane
10. Which district is the largest producer of 19. Which crop in Haryana is grown both as
wheat in Haryana? Rabi and as Kharif crop?
(a) Jind (b) Bhiwani (a) Jowar (b) Gram
(c) Sirsa (d) Kaithal (c) Bajra (d) Mustard
166 Know Your State Haryana

20. Which one of the following is not the main 30. Which districts is/are among the leading
crop of Haryana? [Haryana Clerk 2016, producers of Kinnow?
Haryana Patwari 2015] (a) Sirsa (b) Hisar
(a) Wheat (b) Rice (c) Jhajjar (d) All of these
(c) Tea (d) Sugarcane
31. Which is the largest cultivated vegetable in
21. Haryana is called as ........... . [HSSC 2020] Haryana?
(a) Sacred land
(a) Brinjal (b) Turnip
(b) Land of temples and churches
(c) Potato (d) Cauliflower
(c) Land of flowers
(d) Wheat bowl of India 32. Which district is the largest producer of
vegetables in Haryana?
22. Which of the following commercial crops
(a) Panipat (b) Sonipat
covers maximum area in the state?
(c) Rohtak (d) Karnal
(a) Sugarcane (b) Oilseeds
(c) Cotton (d) Sunflower 33. Which one of the following crops helps to
enhance the fertility of the land?
23. Which of the following districts is the
[HSSC 2017,16]
highest producer of cotton in Haryana?
(a) Tomato (b) Wheat
(a) Ambala (b) Sirsa
(c) Turnip (d) Brinjal
(c) Rohtak (d) Rewari
34. Haryana ranks first in the production
24. Which is the most important oilseed grown
of........... . [HSSC 2017]
in Haryana? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Spices (b) Nuts
(a) Seasame (b) Mustard
(c) Groundnut (d) Soya (c) Cabbage (d) Mushrooms

25. Apart from Bhiwani, which district of 35. Which district of Haryana is the highest
Haryana produces large quantities of producer of mushrooms? [HSSC 2021,17]
mustard? (a) Ambala (b) Sonipat
[HSSC 2017] (c) Sirsa (d) Kurukshetra
(a) Karnal (b) Rohtak 36. About 40% of total production of spices in
(c) Faridabad (d) Mahendragarh Haryana comes from which district?
26. Which district of Haryana is the largest (a) Yamunanagar (b) Ambala
producer of fruits? (c) Panchkula (d) Sonipat
(a) Jind (b) Jhajjar 37. When was State Medicinal Plant Board set
(c) Sirsa (d) Bhiwani up in Haryana?
27. Which fruit is grown on largest area in (a) 2016 (b) 2002
Haryana? [HSSC 2017] (c) 2019 (d) 1999
(a) Amla (b) Orange 38. Which district in Haryana has highest
(c) Guava (d) Mango number of herbal parks?
28. Which district is the largest producer of (a) Rewari (b) Bhiwani
(c) Jind (d) Karnal
mangoes in Haryana? [HSSC 2016]
(a) Ambala (b) Karnal 39. Which flower has the largest area under
(c) Panchkula (d) Yamunanagar cultivation in Haryana?
(a) Rose (b) Gladiolus
29. Mango is not produced in which district of
Haryana? [Shift Attendent 2016] (c) Lily (d) Tuber rose
(a) Yamunanagar 40. Which district is popular for Lilliam
(b) Kurukshetra cultivation in Haryana?
(c) Karnal (a) Kaithal (b) Bhiwani
(d) Mahendragarh (c) Panipat (d) Sonipat
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 167

41. In which year, Haryana State Seed 51. Horticulture department of Haryana had
Certification Agency was established? planned to enhance the area under
[TGT 2016] horticulture cultivation from 7 to .......
(a) 1975 (b) 1976 percent by 2016. [Haryana HSSC 2020]
(c) 1977 (d) 1978 (a) 25 (b) 15
42. Where is the Headquarter of Haryana land (c) 18 (d) 10
Reclamation and Development Corporation 52. The horticulture vision planned by the state
(HLRDC) located? of Haryana has set its target till which
(a) Hisar (b) Karnal year?
(c) Kaithal (d) Panchkula (a) 2029 (b) 2026
(c) 2030 (d) 2025
43. Which of the following district has a modern
hi-tech agricultural mall? 53. Where is Maharana Pratap Horticultural
University located in Haryana?
(a) Fatehabad (b) Panchkula
(a) Sirsa (b) Jhajjar
(c) Mahendragarh (d) None of these
(c) Karnal (d) Sonipat
44. Seed scheme was started in Haryana in the
54. In which of the following districts the
year ................ .
Indo-Israel Horticulture Project was set up?
(a) 2009 (b) 2011
[TGT 2016]
(c) 2013 (d) 2015
(a) Karnal (b) Ambala
45. Indo-Dutch project was launched in (c) Sirsa (d) Jind
Haryana in collaboration with which
55. In which of the following districts
country?
International Horticulture Market was set
(a) Spain (b) Japan
up? [HSSC 2020]
(c) Portugal (d) Netherlands
(a) Gurugram (b) Panchkula
46. On which date, ‘Farmers Day’ is celebrated (c) Sonipat (d) Both (b) and (c)
in Haryana?
56. When was the first animal survey of India
(a) 23rd December (b) 15th January
conducted?
(c) 10th November (d) 29th October
(a) 1919 (b) 1984 (c) 1965 (d) 1976
47. What is the farmer’s share of premium for
57. Which animal in Haryana is also known as
Rabi crops under Pradhan Mantri Fasal black gold?
Bima Yojana (PMFBY)? (a) Goat (b) Horse
(a) 1.5% (b) 2% (c) Buffalo (d) Elephant
(c) 5% (d) 10%
58. What is the local name of Murrah buffalo in
48. The main objective of National Food Haryana?
Security Mission is to increase the (a) Khumbi (b) Khundi
production of (c) Hisardale (d) Nali
(a) wheat and pulses
(b) wheat and rice
59. Which among the following is/are the breed
of buffalo? [Patwari 2016]
(c) pulses and oilseeds
(a) Murrah (b) Hariana
(d) wheat and oilseeds
(c) Sahiwal (d) Both (a) and (b)
49. When was Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
60. Which district has highest population of
(RKVY) implemented? [HSSC 2016] cattle in Haryana?
(a) 2011-12 (b) 2004 (a) Hisar (b) Karnal
(c) 2007-08 (d) 2005 (c) Sirsa (d) Panchkula
50. Which village in Gurugram district is 61. Which among the following is a popular
developed as a horticulture cluster? sheep breed found in Haryana?
(a) Ganaur (b) Gharaunda (a) Nubian (b) Hisardale
(c) Uncha Majra (d) Binola (c) Sahiwal (d) Jamnapari
168 Know Your State Haryana

62. In which year Pashudhan Bima Yojana 72. Which of the following statements about
(Animal Insurance Scheme) started in agriculture in the state is incorrect?
Haryana? [HSSC 2016] (a) The growth rate of agricultural sector in
(a) 29th July 2016 (b) 31st March 2016 the state GDP grew after independence.
(c) 1st August 2016 (d) None of these (b) It was resulted due to special emphasis given
by state in its Five Year Plans.
63. Animal Insurance Scheme in Haryana was
(c) Green Revolution boosted the growth of
started from which district? [HSSC 2016] agriculture in the state.
(a) Panipat (b) Jhajjar (d) Contribution of agricultural sector is
(c) Rohtak (d) Sirsa maximum in state’s economy.
64. ‘Banjh Mukt Pashudhan’ has been launched 73. Which of the following statement(s)
in which of the following states? [PGT 2016] is/are correct?
(a) Haryana (b) Punjab I. The crop intensity of wheat and rice in
(c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Rajasthan Haryana is highest in India.
65. Asia’s largest animal farm is in .............. . II. It is higher than national average also.
[HSSC 2016] Select the correct answer using the
(a) Jind (b) Bhiwani codes given below.
(c) Hisar (d) Karnal (a) Only I (b) Only II
66. In which year, National Dairy Research (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
Institute’s head office was shifted to 74. With reference to the objectives of Animal
Haryana? [Haryana Clerk 2016] Husbandry Department, consider the
(a) 1960 (b) 1950 following statements.
(c) 1955 (d) 1965 I. To provide veterinary healthcare and
67. Where is National Dairy Research Institute diagnostic facilities.
situated in Haryana? [Haryana Clerk 2016, II. To maximise per head productivity
HSSC 2020] through regular breeding of livestock.
(a) Hisar (b) Kurukshetra Which of the statements given above
(c) Rohtak (d) Karnal is/are correct?
68. Where is Central Research Institute for (a) Only I
Buffaloes situated? [Patwari 2016] (b) Only II
(a) Rohtak (b) Karnal (c) Both I and II
(c) Hisar (d) None of these (d) Neither I nor II
69. Where is Central Buffalo Research centre 75. Match the following.
situated in Haryana? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Hisar (b) Chandigarh Horticulture Zone District
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Sirsa A. NE Zone 1. Panipat
70. Which districts in Haryana have
B. SW Zone 2. Gurgaon
government run pig breeding farms?
(a) Ambala and Hisar (b) Hisar and Bhiwani C. SE Zone 3. Sirsa
(c) Karnal and Ambala (d) Karnal and Bhiwani
D. Central Zone 4. Panchkula
71. The Government of Haryana has introduced
a horticulture project in Karnal district Codes
with the asistance of .............. . [HSSC 2020] A B C D A B C D
(a) Japan (b) France (a) 4 2 3 1 (b) 1 2 3 4
(c) USA (d) Israel (c) 1 3 2 4 (d) 4 3 2 1
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 169

76. Match the following. 77. Match the following.

Fruit Production Area Vegetable Production Area

A. Mango 1. Gurugram A. Potato 1. Karnal
B. Ber 2. Panchkula B. Onion 2. Kurukshetra
C. Amla 3. Snopiat C. Cauliflower 3. Sonipat
D. Guava 4. Rohtak
D. Tomato 4. Gurugram

Codes
Codes
A B C D
A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3 (a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 4 3 1 (b) 2 4 3 1
(c) 3 1 4 2 (c) 1 3 4 2
(d) 3 1 2 4 (d) 2 3 4 1

Answers
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (c)
21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (d) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (b) 42. (d) 43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (c) 50. (c)
51. (a) 52. (c) 53. (c) 54. (a) 55. (d) 56. (a) 57. (c) 58. (b) 59. (a) 60. (a)
61. (b) 62. (a) 63. (b) 64. (a) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (d) 68. (c) 69. (a) 70. (a)
71. (d) 72. (d) 73. (c) 74. (c) 75. (d) 76. (a) 77. (b)
CHAPTER 12
Irrigation in Haryana
l Haryana is an agricultural state so irrigation
facilities are well-organised in the state.
l Around 60% of the agricultural land in Haryana
has irrigation facilities. The main sources of
irrigation are canals, tubewells, wells and ponds.
l A major source of irrigation in the Haryana state
is tubewells. Around 51.12% of the irrigation in
the state takes place with the help of tubewells.
l Around 48.3% of the irrigation in the state is
done through canal irrigation and 0.52% from
the other sources.
l District with largest irrigation facility through
tubewells is Kaithal (185 hectare) and lowest is in
Panchkula (15 hectare).
l Around 5672 hectares of land is irrigated in
Haryana. District with largest irrigation facilities
is Sirsa (698 hectare) while lowest is in
Panchkula (25 hectare).
l In some districts (Rohtak, Gurugram, Karnal and
Bhiwani) of the state irrigation is also done with
the help of windmills. This process of irrigation
is supported by Germany and Holland.
l Districts like Ambala, Yamunanagar,
Kurukshetra, Karnal, Jind and Panipat comes
under fertile area as they receive proper irrigation
through canals.
l Most of the districts of Haryana do not have
adequate water resources for irrigation.
Therefore, such districts receive water for
agriculture through ground water management
and international water agreements.
Canal Irrigation System in
Haryana
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, Haryana
has developed an extensive canal network
consisting of 1521 channels which have
spread in an area of 14125 kms.
l The state’s canal system consists of two
major water systems, the Western Yamuna
Canal System and the Bhakra Canal System.
l As per the Economic Survey 2020-21, the
Western Yamuna Canal system has total 472
canals covering the total of 4311 km.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, Bhakra
Canal System is the largest canal system in
the state with a total length of 5867 kms
and has 521 channels.
The main canal projects of Haryana are as
follows:
Western Yamuna Canal System
l It was started from the right bank of the
Yamuna at Tajewala in 1879. It is the oldest
canal in the state.
l It was originally built by Feroz Shah Tughlaq.
l The total length of the canal along with its
distributaries is 3226 kms and it irrigates
about 4 lakh hectare of land in Ambala,
Kurukshetra, Karnal, Sonipat, Panipat,
Rohtak, Hisar, Sirsa and Jind districts of the
state.
Irrigation in Haryana
l It also irrigates around 1 lakh hectare land
of Delhi and Rajasthan.
l Currently, the Western Yamuna Canal
originate from the Hathnikund Barrage of
the state.
The branches of Western Yamuna Canal are
as follows:
Sirsa Branch Canal
This canal provides irrigation facilities in
Jind, Fatehabad and Sirsa. It was
constructed in 1896 and it is the
longest branch of Western Yamuna Canal
System.
Bhalaut Branch Canal
It is a sub-branch of Delhi branch of
Western Yamuna Canal which flows from
Khubru village to Jhajjar district. The
Jhajjar canal is a sub-canal of the Bhalaut
branch.
Barwala Branch Canal
It is a sub-branch of Sirsa branch of Western
Yamuna Canal. The canal provides water to
Hisar district.
Hansi Branch Canal
The canal was remodelled in 1959 but
originally it was built in 1825.
One of its main branch, Bhutana canal
provides water to the Hansi area of Hisar
district.
This canal originate from paleochannel of
Chautang river.
Jind Branch Canal
It flows through the Jind district of the state.
Rohtak canal and Bhiwani canal are its main
branches. These branches provides the water
to Rohtak and Bhiwani districts for
irrigation and other activities.
171
Munak Canal
The Munak canal is 102 kms long. The Munak
canal carries water from Munak village in Karnal to
Haidarpur in Delhi.
It is one of the main sources of drinking water for
Delhi. An MoU was signed between Haryana and
Delhi in 1996 for the construction of Munak canal.
The project was completed in 2012.
Bhakra Canal System
l The Bhakra canal is built on Sutlej river by
constructing Nangal dam. It irrigates Punjab,
Haryana and Rajasthan.
l The canal is a combined project of these three
states and irrigates a large part of Northern India.
l The Bhakra canal enters Haryana near Tohana and
irrigates large parts of Hisar, Rohtak Fatehabad and
Sirsa districts. Its main branches are the Ratia, the
Rori, the Barwala and the Fatehabad branch.
l The Bhakra canal and Western Yamuna canal are
linked through the Western Yamuna Feeder
Project.
l The feeder project ensures water supply during
summer months in the arid region of Western
Haryana.
l Western Yamuna Feeder Project has two branches
Narwana Link Canal and Barwala Link Canal.
l Barwala link gets water from Western Yamuna
canal in summer and from Bhakra canal at the end
of the year.
l Narwana link canal has a capacity of 2700 cubes
and Barwala link canal has a capacity of 1700 cubes.
Gurugram Canal Project
l This canal is takes off from Okhla (Delhi) by
building a dam on Yamuna river. The construction
work of this canal was started in 1970. It was
completed during the time of 10th Five Year Plan.
l This canal irrigates 1.2 lakh hectare land in
Gurugram, Faridabad and Palwal districts.
172
Jawaharlal Canal and Bhiwani
Canal
l These two small canals are drawn out from
Bhakra Canal System.
l Jawaharlal canal irrigates the area of Sonipat
district and Bhiwani canal irrigates the area of
Bhiwani district.
Agra Canal
l This canal draws water from Yamuna river and
starts from Okhla Barrage near Delhi.
l This canal irrigates the area of Agra and
Mathura in Uttar Pradesh, Bharatpur in
Rajasthan and Faridabad in Haryana.
Sutlej-Yamuna Link Project
l
Sutlej-Yamuna link Project known as SARYU or SYL
is a proposed project to link the rivers Sutlej and
Yamuna. Sutlej-Yamuna Link (SYL) canal is being
constructed in the state to divert the water of Ravi
and Beas rivers. The project is 214 kms long in
which 92 km is expanded in Haryana and 122 kms
in Punjab.
l
This project is the lifline of Haryana. The
construction of the link canal is on hold due to
legal disputes between Haryana and Punjab.
Multipurpose River Valley Projects
of Haryana
Some of the multipurpose river valley projects of
Haryana are as follows:
Lift Irrigation Projects
l The lift irrigation projects are installed in
those region of Haryana which are generally
hilly and dry region.
l The Southern and Western part of Haryana is
an offshoot of Aravalli hills of Rajasthan. The
region is dry as it gets less rainfall. Lift
irrigation system is used in these areas which is
very helpful for agriculture.
l In Haryana, there are 493 canals under lift
irrigation system, covering a length of 3702 kms.
Know Your State Haryana
Important lift irrigation projects in Haryana are
as follows:
Jui Canal Project
l This Lift Irrigation Scheme is designed to
irrigate the upper area of Bhiwani and
adjoining areas.
l This 170 kms long canal irrigates about 32
thousand hectare of land.
l The Jui Canal Project was started in 1969 and
is successfully running in Haryana.
Jawaharlal Nehru Lift Irrigation Project
l This irrigation project is built along the Bhakra
canal. This project was first initiated in 1976
in the dry region of Mahendragarh district.
l It irrigates the agricultural land areas of
Mahendragarh and Bhiwani districts.
l The project was specially helpful in saving
Kharif crops during the drought of 1987.
Loharu Lift Irrigation Project
l This project is also known as Indira Gandhi
Irrigation Project.
l Canal made under this project is 225 kms
long.
l This project provides water to the Bhiwani
and Charkhi-Dadri districts.
Bhiwani Lift Irrigation Project
l It is also known as Virendra Narayan
Chakravarti Project.
l Canal made under this project is 200 kms
long.
l This project irrigates about 1 lakh hectare of
land in Bhiwani.
Nangal Lift Irrigation Project
l The canal under this project is 80 kms long
and constructed in two phases.
l The project irrigates Ambala and provides
drinking water to Ambala canal and Ambala
Cantt areas.
Irrigation in Haryana
Hathnikund Barrage Project
lIt is a concrete barrage located on the Yamuna
river in Yamunanagar district of Haryana.
lIt was constructed to replace old Tajewala
barrage.
lThe project was constructed between
October, 1996 and completed in June, 1999
for the purpose of irrigation.
lIt is constructed at the cost of ` 220 crore.
lThe small reservoir created by the barrage also
serves as a wetland for 31 species of water
bird.
lHowever it became functional from 2002.
The length of this barrage is 360 meters.
lThe project diverts the excess water during the
monsoon effectively to the Western and
Eastern Yamuna Canals thus, preventing
floods.
Narwana Irrigation Project
lFor the expension of irrigation facilities in
Narwana area, State Government had
approved the project to connect Salwan feeder
with Dhamtan distributory. The Narwana
Irrigation Project is 37500 feet long.
lThis project provides water for irrigation to
Kaloda Khurel, Bhikhewala, Tulian kalan,
Sulehra, areas of the state.
Tajewala Barrage
lIt was constructed in 1873 across the Yamuna
river, in Yamunanagar district, Haryana.
lIt regulated the flow of the Yamuna for
irrigation in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana
through Western Yamuna Canal and Eastern
Yamuna Canal.
lThese two canals originated Yamuna river at
Yamunanagar district.
lIt was 24.73 m in height and 360 m in
length. It was decommissioned after
the proper functioning of Hathnikund
barrage.
173
Other Irrigation Projects
Other canal projects running in the state are:
Irrigation Projects Irrigation Areas
Narwana Lift Irrigation Project Jind
Nangal Lift Irrigation Project Ambala
Loharu Lift Irrigation Project Bhiwani,
(also known as Indira Gandhi Mahendragarh and
Canal Project) Jhajjar
Mewat Canal Irrigation Project Mewat
Dadupur, Shahbad Canal Yamunanagar,
Irrigation Project Ambala and
Kurukshetra
Major Dams of Haryana
The major dams of Haryana are as follows:
Pathrala Dam
lThis dam was built in 1875-76. It is
constructed on Somb river. It is located
near Dadupur village of Yamunanagar district.
lThe length of this is 460 m and height is 34 m.
Ottu Dam
lThis dam is built on the Ghaggar-Hakra
river in Haryana. It is about 8 miles from Sirsa.
It is also known as Ottu Weir and Ottu Head.
lThe Ottu dam was constructed in 1896 by the
joint effort of the Princely State of Bikaner and
British Government.
lIt creates a large water reservoir out of the
formerly-small Dhanur lake, located near the
village of Ottu in Sirsa district.
lIt provide water to two Ghaggar canals (the
Northern Ghaggar Canal and the Southern
Ghaggar Canal) that provide water to
Northern Rajasthan state for irrigation.
lIn 2002, a new tourist complex was
inaugurated at the barrage and it was given the
honourary name of Chaudhary Devi Lal Weir
to commemorate the former Chief Minister of
Haryana, Chaudhary Devi Lal.
lThe Dhanur lake reservoir is now often
referred to simply as the Ottu Reservoir.
174
Anangpur Dam
lAnangpur dam is located near Anangpur village in
the district of Faridabad. It is also known as
Gravity Dam.
lThis dam was constructed by King Anangpal of
Tomar Dynasty in 8th century. It is an excellent
example of Indian Hydraulic Engineering.
Kaushalya Dam
lKaushalya dam is constructed on Kaushalya river
which is a tributary of Ghaggar Hakra river.
lThis dam is 700 m in length and 34 m in height.
Its construction began in 2008 and was completed
in 2012.
lA sum of ` 118 crore was spent on the
construction of this dam. It is located at Pinjore in
the district of Panchkula.
lTotal catchment area of this dam is 75 sq km.
lThis dam control the flow of excess water in
Kaushalya and Ghaggar rivers during monsoon.
It provides water to Panchkula district.
lIt also helps in conservation of underground
water level.
▲ KAUSHALYA DAM
Masani Dam
lThis dam is constructed on Sahibi river which is a
tributary of Yamuna river.
lIt is located in Rewari. It prevents flooding of the
nearby areas of Sahibi river during monsoons in
the district of Rewari.
Know Your State Haryana
Other Dams
The state government has given a go ahead
to construct, Dangrana, Dewanwala and
Chhamla on river Ghaggar and its
tributaries.
Region-Wise Irrigation System
in Haryana
Irrigation in North-Eastern Region
l The North-Eastern parts include the
plains of Ambala and the Shivalik hills.
This region receive sufficient rainfall.
l The plains of this region are fertile.
Rainfall irrigates the fields in most of the
areas of this region. After the construction
of Nangal Lift Irrigation Scheme, canal
irrigation was made possible in Ambala
district.
l Rainfall and canals are main means of
irrigation in this region. This scheme
covers 45000 acres of land in Ambala
district.
Irrigation in the Central Region
l The Central region of the state comprises
of Kurukshetra, Karnal, Jind, Rohtak,
Panipat and Sonipat districts. Rainfall
occurs in adequate quantities in these
districts.
l Maize and rice are grown here, because
these crops need large volume of water.
Rabi crops are grown with the help of
rainfall, tubewells, wells and canals.
Irrigation in the South-Eastern
Region
l This area comprises the districts of
Gurugram and Faridabad. Rainfall is less
than normal in this area.
l The major crops of this region are maize,
barley, millet, oat, wheat and gram. These
crops are irrigated by canals and tubewells.
Irrigation in Haryana
Irrigation in the Sandy Region
l This region comprises the districts of Hisar,
Sirsa, Mahendragarh and Bhiwani. Rainfall is
almost nil in this area.
l Main crops of this region are barley, millet,
gram, maize and wheat. Here farmers use
camels for agriculture. Tubewells and water
sprinklers are used to irrigate the fields.
Micro Irrigation
Under Micro Irrigation Scheme ‘Per Drop More Crop’ an
area of 550.33 hectare has been covered in 2019-20 with
an expenditure of ` 386.60 lakhs.
Government Initiative for
Development of Irrigation
Haryana has an agricultural economy, due to
which the cultivable lands are extensively
irrigated. The ground water resources are also
used extensively in the state. Therefore, water
management is necessary in the Haryana.
The State Government has initiated various
‘Field Water Management Programmes’, these are
as follows:
Atal Bhujal Yojana
l This scheme was launched on
25th December, 2019 on the 95th birth
anniversary of Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
l The scheme aims to improve the ground water
management by development sustainable
ground water resources.
l For this, an outlay of ` 6000 crore is to be
implemented over a period of 5 years (2020-21
to 2024-25).
On Farm Water Management
lUnder this scheme, State Government
encourage the various irrigation system
by providing financial assistance to farmers.
lFarmers are assisted for laying of sprinkler
irrigation, drip irrigation and Underground
Pipe Line System (UGPL).
lThis scheme encouraged water conservation
in state.
175
Sprinkler Irrigation System
lSprinkler irrigation system is encouraged in
the South and South-Western parts of
Haryana.
lThese are sandy areas where ground water
level is upto 200 feet. Sprinkler system is
considered the best system of irrigation in
these areas.
lIt uses water judiciously, fulfilling the
irrigational needs at the same time.
lThe sprinkler system is encouraged in the
districts of Rewari, Mahendragarh,
Charkhi-Dadri, Gurugram, Bhiwani and
Hisar from 1970.
lThe sprinkler system is beneficial for the
growth of crops like wheat, mustard and
gram.
lBy laying Underground Pipe Line System
(UGPL) for sprinklers, water losses are
minimised, energy is saved and additional area
can be put under cultivation.
lThe pattern of assistance is 60% subsidy to
small and medium farmers and 50% subsidy
to farmers with large land areas.
Drip Irrigation System
lUnder this scheme, underground Pipeline
System laid to provide drip irrigation.
lThis system is promoted for the growth of
cotton and sugarcane crops.
lAs per Economic Survey 2020-21, an area of
4819 hectare have been covered under this
system by providing a subsidy of `29.43 crore
in the state.
Underground Pipe Line System
lStudies related to underground water sources
in Haryana revealed that there has been
consistent decline in water tables in Karnal,
Kurukshetra, Kaithal, Panipat, Sonipat and
Yamunanagar. The dominant crops of this
region are wheat and rice. Rice needs lot of
irrigation.
176
l Moreover, about 55% areas of Haryana is
affected by poor quality underground
water which results in low crop
production.
l Therefore laying of underground pipe lines
is a good option. Water for irrigation from a
good quality source can be transported
through UGPL.
l Laying of UGPL system is a flagship
project of the state under Rastriya Krishi
Vikas Yojana.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, so far
an area of 223695 hectare has been
brought under the UGPL system by
utilising an amount of ` 358.21 crore.
Integrated Micro Irrigation Scheme
Under Integrated Micro Irrigation Scheme,
14 different canal outlets are selected in
13 districts where solar energy based micro
irrigation schemes are implemented. This
scheme is undertaken by HAREDA from
2018.
Pradhan Mantri Krishi
Sinchai Yojana
l Under ‘Per Drop More Crop’ component
of this scheme, target is to cover 2000
hectare amounting to ` 1374.92 lakh.
l Government provides assistance of 85%
to SC farmers, small and marginal
farmers to set up irrigation practices that
conserves water along with watering the
crops.
l Under the PMKSY, district irrigation
plans for all districts are finalised.
l The projects aim to provide end-to-end
solutions in irrigation supply chain,
creation of water sources, rain water
harvesting, on farm application and
extension services on new irrigation
technologies in the state.
Know Your State Haryana
Haryana Government Departments
for Irrigation Facilities
State Government of Haryana has developed various
department for the provision of irrigation facilities in
the state. These irrigation facilities are as follow:
Haryana Irrigation Research and
Management Institute (HIRMI)
lThe institute was set up under Societies
Registration Act, 1860 at Kurukshetra.
lIt aims to conserve and efficiently manage the water
resources through research and training.
Irrigation and Water Resources
Department (IWRD)
l The head office of this department is located in
Panchkula district.
l The department is primarily responsible for
construction, operation and maintenance of canals
and drainage network.
l It also supplies water for irrigation, drinking,
pond-filling, industrial uses, etc.
Command Area Development
Authority (CADA)
lCADA, Haryana has installed Pilot projects of
micro irrigation in 14 villages of 13 districts.
lThe total cost of the project is ` 30.60 crore
covering 2231 hectare approx.
Haryana State Drought Relief and Flood
Control Board
l The board is set up to control the excess water in
the rivers during monsoon.
l For this, reservoirs are developed around those
rivers that remain dry moist of the year but swell up
in the rainy season.
Irrigation Efficiency Fund
l The fund is created to increase the efficiency of
irrigation in Haryana by NABARD.
l It includes 36 blocks which are identified in the
state where ground water level is too low or critical.
Plans are drawn to recharge the ground water.
l The scheme was implemented from 2018-19.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Which district in Haryana has the lowest 9. Western Yamuna Canal irrigates which
irrigational facilities? district of Haryana? [HSSC 2017, 16]
(a) Panchkula (b) Rewari (a) Sonipat (b) Karnal
(c) Palwal (d) Nuh (c) Rohtak (d) All of these
2. Which of the following is the main source of 10. Which canal in Haryana carries water to
irrigation in Haryana? Haidarpur plant in Delhi?
(a) Tubewells (b) Canals (a) Barwala canal
(c) Lift irrigation (d) Rainfall (b) Munak canal
(c) Bhalaut canal
3. What percentage of agricultural land in
(d) Sirsa canal
Haryana is irrigated by canals?
(a) 35% (b) 42% (c) 48% (d) 52% 11. Bhakra canal enters Haryana from which
place?
4. Which district has largest irrigation facility
(a) Barwala (b) Tajewala
through tubewells? (c) Tohana (d) Narwana
(a) Kaithal (b) Panchkula
(c) Jhajjar (d) Jind 12. Bhakra canal irrigates which district of
Haryana? [PGT 2016]
5. Which among the following district has
(a) Hisar (b) Fatehabad
irrigational facilities by way of wind mills?
(c) Sirsa (d) All of these
(a) Rohtak (b) Karnal
(c) Bhiwani (d) All of these 13. Bhakra canal and Western Yamuna
6. Western Yamuna Canal was started from canal are connected by which feeder project?
(a) Yamuna canal (b) Gurugram canal
which place lying on the banks of Yamuna
(c) Bhiwami canal (d) Munak canal
river? [HSSC 2021, 19,17]
(a) Karnal (b) Jhalri 14. Which canal takes off from the Yamuna
(c) Tajewala (d) Shahabad river at Okhla? [TGT 2016]
7. Which canal is the oldest and most (a) Gurugram canal
important in Haryana? (b) Jawaharlal canal
[Accountant 2018, TGT 2016] (c) Eastern Yamuna canal
(d) Western Yamuna canal
(a) Western Yamuna canal
(b) Gurugram canal 15. Jawaharlal Canal of Haryana is taken from
(c) Bhakra canal which main canal? [PGT 2016]
(d) Bhalaut canal (a) Bhakra canal (b) Bhiwani canal
8. Western Yamuna Canal do not irrigates the (c) Gurugram canal (d) Agra canal
land areas of which district in Haryana? 16. Bhiwani canal is taken out from …… .
[HSSC 2018] [HSSC 2016]
(a) Ambala (b) Yamunanagar (a) Bhakra canal (b) Okhla
(c) Panipat (d) Sirsa (c) Yamuna Canal (d) Ganga canal
178 Know Your State Haryana

17. The Agra canal irrigates which district of 27. Among the following which is a dam in
Haryana? Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Fatehabad (b) Bhiwani (a) Vihar (b) Ottu Barrage
(c) Faridabad (d) Jhajjar (c) Tulshi (d) Asthi
18. Jui Canal Project was primarily designed to 28. Anangpur dam is situated in which district
irrigate the semi desert areas of............ of Haryana? [2018]
[HSSC 2020, 16] (a) Faridabad (b) Bhiwani
(a) Bhiwani (b) Hisar (c) Karnal (d) Panipat
(c) Rohtak (d) Panipat
29. Which of the following dam is in Haryana?
19. Which lift irrigation project is also known [HSSC 2020]
as Virendra Narayan Chakravarti Project? (a) Kaushalya Dam
(a) Loharu Project (b) Bilaspur Dam
(b) Bhiwani Project (c) Maithon Dam
(c) Jui Canal Project (d) Indira Sagar Dam
(d) Nangal Project
30. Which is the main source of irrigation in
20. Hathnikund Barrage is located over........ . sandy regions of Hisar and Sirsa?
[TGT 2016] (a) Rainfall
(a) Yamuna river (b) Ghaggar river (b) Canals
(c) Hakra river (d) Ravi river (c) Canals and Tubewells
(d) Tubewells and Sprinklers
21. Which barrage was built in 1999 to replace
the Tajewala barrage? [2018] 31. Farmers of which district are given
(a) Hathnikund barrage subsidies to adopt spinkler irrigation
(b) Bhakra Nangal system in Haryana?
(c) Indira Gandhi Canal (a) Rewari
(d) Narwana project (b) Mahendragarh
(c) Bhiwani
22. The Hathnikund barrage became functional (d) All of the above
from which year?
(a) 2002 (b) 2012 (c) 1998 (d) 2000 32. The On Farm Water Management
Programmes is undertaken by Haryana
23. Tajewala Barrage built across Yamuna Government for ......... .
river is located in........ . (a) Land conservation
(a) Hisar (b) Panchkula (b) Water conservation
(c) Fatehabad (d) Yamunanagar (c) Soil conservation
24. Pathrala dam in Haryana is situated in (d) All of these
which river? 33. Which district of Haryana is suffering from
(a) Ghaggar (b) Saraswati depletion of underground water sources?
(c) Somb (d) None of these (a) Panipat
25. The Ottu Barrage located in the district of (b) Yamunanagar
Sirsa in Haryana is built on the river (c) Kaithal
.............. . [HSSC 2020] (d) All of the above
(a) Choutang (b) Yamuna 34. Which scheme run by Haryana
(c) Sahibi (d) Ghaggar Government aims to prevent water thefts?
26. Ch. Devi Lal tourist complex is built near (a) Har Khet Ko Pani
which dam? (b) Har Boond Krishi ke Liye
(a) Ottu dam (b) Pathrala dam (c) Per Drop More Crop
(c) Anangpur dam (d) Kaushalya dam (d) Atal Bhujal Yojana
Irrigation in Haryana 179

35. Which among the following is a flagship 37. Match the following.
project of Haryana?
(a) Drip irrigation system List A List B
(b) Sprinkler irrigation system A. Nangal Project 1. Sirsa
(c) Underground pipeline system B. Loharu Project 2. Bhiwani
(d) All of the above
C. Dadupur Project 3. Ambala
36. In which district of Haryana, irrigation and
D. Ottu Dam 4. Yamunanagar
water resources department is situated?
(a) Panchkula Codes
(b) Karnal A B C D A B C D
(c) Gurugram (a) 3 2 4 1 (b) 4 1 3 2
(d) Ambala (c) 2 4 1 3 (d) 1 3 2 4

Answers
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (a)
21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (a) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (b) 33. (d) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (a) 39. () 40. (b)
CHAPTER 13
Minerals and Energy
Resources of Haryana
l A mineral is a naturally occurring substance, which
has a definite chemical composition. Minerals can
be identified on the basis of their physical
properties, such as colour, density, hardness and
chemical properties.
l Energy or power plays a very important role in
human life. Power is also required for industry,
agriculture, transport, communication and defense.
Energy resources can be broadly classified into
conventional and non-conventional resources.
Mineral Resources in Haryana
l Haryana is not a very rich state in terms of mineral
wealth, but still many types of minerals are found in
the state.
l The major minerals found in the state are slate, lead,
limestone, quart, china clay, manganese, mica,
marble, iron-ore, copper, calcite, kyanite and
asbestos, etc.
l Mahendragarh district of the state is known for its
mineral wealth. The Aravalli hills in the southern
part of Haryana have rich mineral deposits.
l The mining and management of mineral resources
in the state is done by the Mines and Geology
Department, Haryana. The state’s Mining and
Geology Department also manages the stone
quarries.
Major Minerals of Haryana
Important minerals found in the state are
as follows:
Iron-Ore
l Haryana has limited quantities of
iron ore reserves. Magnetite and
haematite iron-ore are found in small
quantities in the state.
l It is found in Bhiwani in small quantities
and of low quality.
l In Mahendragarh district, medium
quality iron-ore of magnetite variety is
found.
l Two iron-ore belts, Dhanota-Dhancholi-
Mokhuta and Karota-Antri-Biharipur-
Donkhera are located in the Southern
part of Narnaul in Mahendragarh
district.
l Mahendragarh has around 40.27 lakh
tonnes of iron-ore reserves.
l Kaliyana and Tosham hills of Bhiwani
have iron-ore mines of haematite
variety.
l Hisar is the major producer of iron
pipes.
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana
Copper
lIt is found in Teejanwali, Ghataser, Khalra
hills and Bihali ridge of Narnaul area of
Mahendragarh district.
lCopper is also found in Khudana hills,
Khudana Rajawas and Khudana-Surheti hills
ranges of Bhiwani district.
Mica
lIt is used in the making of electronic
equipments.
lMica reserves are found in Musnota,
Panchnota, Ghataser, Bayal, Nangal Durg,
Golwa and Nangal Sirohi regions of
Mahendragarh district.
lIt is also found in Bhondsi village of
Gurugram district.
Asbestos
lIt is found in Golva village of Narnaul region
in Mahendragarh district.
lIt is a set of six naturally occurring silicate
minerals used commercially for their desirable
physical properties. It is used in nuclear
plants.
Manganese
lIt is found in Nangal Durg and Musnota
villages in Narnaul, Mahendragarh district.
lIt is found in very low quantity in Haryana. It
is a metal used in industries as metal alloy,
particularly in stainless steel.
Graphite
lIt is found in Narnaul’s Mundia hills, Dhani,
Faizabad and Jakhani regions in Mahendragarh
district.
lIt is also found in the hills of
Bhondsi-Ferozepur-Jhirka-Sohna-Kotla lying
in the districts of Gurugram and Nuh.
181
Garnet
lIt is pink in colour and translucent to opaque.
It is found from the rocky areas of Ajabgarh,
Khatoli, Mukundpur, Ghataser, Bayal,
Islampur and Kamania which are located in
South of Narnaul region (Mahendragarh
district).
lIt is also found in Manesar, Bhondsi and Sohna
regions of Gurugram district.
Quartz
lIt is found in the regions of Musnota, Golva,
Khalra and Atela of Mahendragarh district.
lIt is also found in Badarpur, Manesar and
Nathupur area of Gurugram district. Anangpur
of Faridabad also has deposits of quartz
mineral.
lMahendragarh have huge deposits of quartz of
around 165000 tonnes.
Limestone
l It is mainly found in Panchkula, Ambala,
Mahendragarh, Bhiwani, Rohtak and Hisar
district of Haryana.
l In Panchkula, limestone is extracted from
Malla village of Kalka tehsil.
l In Ambala, limestone is mined from Barun,
Khadam, Ramsar, Shola and Jaunpur regions of
Narayangarh tehsil. In Mahendragarh,
limestone is extracted from Ghani, Kyutha,
Ramnathpura, etc. Crystallised limestone is
also found in Ambala and Mahendragarh.
China Clay
lIt is found in the district of Gurugram in the
region of Alipur, Nathpur, Kasan, etc.
lIn Nuh (Mewat) district, it is found in Indri
and Dhosgarh villages.
lAnangpur village of Faridabad also has reserves
of China clay.
182
Slate
l It is mainly found in Rewari and Mahendragarh
district.
l High quality slate stone is found from Kund
and Bihali villages of Rewari district.
l This mineral is also exported to Australia,
Belgium, Holland and New Zealand and is an
important source of foreign currency.
Granite
lIt is found in the region of Riwasa, Dulheri
and Nigana Kalan hills of Bhiwani. Tosham
in Bhiwani also have reserves of high
quality granite.
lIt is also found in Maroli hills and
Dhanota-Dhancholi areas of Mahendragarh.
Road Metal/Crushed Stone
lCrushed stones or angular rocks are used for
construction of roads and buildings. They are
also known as road metal stones and
used as concrete.
lIn Haryana, they are found in Shiwalik hills of
Panchkula, Aravalli hills in Mahendragarh,
Bhiwani, Mewat, Faridabad, Gurugram and
Yamunanagar.
lStone received from the Khanak region is of
high quality.
Coarse Sand
lSand is found in Panchkula, Ambala and
Yamunanagar districts of Haryana.
lIt is also found from Yamuna and Markanda
rivers which flows in the state.
lDadupur in Yamunanagar has deposits of high
quality sand. Sand mines flows found in
Karnal.
lBadarpur has mines of gravel, concrete and pit
sand. Pit sand is coarse sand of red and deep
orange colour. Pit sand is also known as
Badarpur sand. It is used as building material.
Know Your State Haryana
l Badarpur sand found on the National
Highway that links Delhi-Faridabad-Mathura,
is world famous for its quality, courseness and
maroon colour.
Flexible Sandstone
l In Haryana state, it is known by various local
names like Sang-e-Tarja, dancing stone, etc.
l This stone is found only in Brazil, US and in
India in the whole world.
l In India, it is found in Kaliyana village in the
district of Charkhi-Dadri.
Marble/Dolomite
lIt is a rock resulting from metamorphism of
sedimentary carbonate rocks, most commonly
limestone or dolomite rock. Metamorphism
causes variable recrystallisation of the original
carbonate mineral grains.
lIn Haryana, it is found in Mahendragarh
district in the regions of Antari, Dhankora,
Alipur, Nangal Durg, Dhanota-Dhancholi,
Khalra, Islampur, Bibipur, Doehana,
Biharipur, Shahpur and Musnota, etc.
Kyanite
It is found in Mahendragarh and Nuh districts.
The kyanite is light blue and yellowish in colour
and is associated with flakes of muscovite.
Minor Minerals Found in Haryana
Minerals Area found in
Apatite In Dochana village of Mahendragarh and
regions surrounded by Morni hills e.g.
Kharag-Banolu and Sherla.
Arsanite Hills of Sohna-Nuh-Ferozepur-Jhirka in
Arsenopyrite Gurugram and Mewat districts
Barite In Bayal-Ki-Dhani, Musnota and Sarai of
Mahendragarh district.
Brick Earth It is found in every region of the state
except the sandy regions as
Mahendragarh, Hisar, Sirsa, Fatehabad
and Bhiwani.
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana
Minerals Area found in
Baryte Musnota, Bayal-Ki-Dhani in
Mahendragarh, and Haripur and Ser
regions located in Morni hills in
Panchkula district.
Calcite Khalra, Rasulpur, Bayal, Panchnota,
Musnota of Mahendragarh district
Crusher Sand Slopes of lower Shivalik hills
Dolomite Tunda and Jaunpur in Morni hills,
Marble Dhankora, Dochana,
Biharipur, Shahpur, Dhanota, Dhadcholi
Khalra, Islampur, Chhapra, Bibipur,
Rasulpur, Musnota, Anantri, Nangal durg
villages in Mahendragarh
Feldspar Panchnota, Musnota, Nangal Durg,
Bayal, Bankri, Faizabad, Dhankora of
Mahendragarh and Alipur, Kasan,
Bhondsi, Ghamdoz, Ghosh Garh and
Geratpur of Gurugram
Gold Narayangarh in Ambala Banks and bases
of Markanda and Tangri rivers
Gravel Sand Teka, New Mandi, Moti Mandi, Manger,
Dhauj, Mohbtabad and Bandhwari of
Faridabad. It is also found in the hills of
Bhondasi-Ferozepur-Jhirka-Sohna of
Gurugram and Nuh (Mewat) districts.
Golwa village of Mahendragarh, Kotla
Kyanite
region of Mewat
Lead Tosham hills of Bhiwani
Mineral Water Shiv Kund and Shila Kund in Sohna of
Gurugram district. Its temperature is 46°C
to 53°C. It is believed that it cures skin
diseases.
Monazite In Mahendragarh, Bhiwani and Rewari
districts. It is mostly found in the adjoining
areas of Rajasthan.
Nalasand The sand of the hills which comes down
Crusher dust with water during the rain in the state is
called Nalasand. Nalasand is used as
crusher dust.
Salt Water Sultanpur-Farrukhnagar in Gurugram and
Nuh region of Mewat. In 1935, Salt was
used to manufacture by salt water in
Farrukhnagar.
Saltpetre Hisar, Sirsa, Fatehabad, Jind, Rohtak and
Kurukshetra
Also found in Gurugram, Sonipat, Palwal,
Faridabad.
183
Energy Resources in Haryana
l Energy is a critical factor in the infrastructure
of Haryana.
l For energy, the state depends on its limited
thermal generation capacity and hydro power
from the jointly owned projects with other
states.
l The solar intensity is relatively high in Haryana
so the state is developing its resources to harness
the solar energy. Wind and nuclear energy
sources are also being developed in Haryana.
l During the formation of Haryana in 1966-67,
only a few villages in the state had power
connections. By 29th November, 1970, all the
villages in the state were electrified.
l Haryana is the first state in the country to link
all its villages with electricity. This was
achieved during the tenure of Chief Minister
Bansilal.
l Large number of power plants were set up in
Haryana during the tenure of Chief Minister
Bhupinder Singh Hudda.
l After the formation of Haryana, Haryana State
Electricity Board was set up on 3rd May, 1967.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, total
installed capacity of the state is 11972.40 MW
and the electricity generation is 3428.54 MW,
which was only 29.42 MW at the time of the
formation of the state.
l In Haryana, consumption of electricity is
highest in the industrial sector i.e. 51535.98
units as per December 2019 estimates.
Organisations for Power
Generation in Haryana
l To improve the financial condition of the
Board, an advisory committee was formed in
1993, which submitted its report in 1995 to
the State Government. The committee was
Haryana Electricity Regulatory Commission.
184
l As per the recommendations of the report, the
State Government of Haryana reconstituted
the State Electricity Board on 14th August,
1998.
l Reconstitution was done under the Haryana
Electricity Reforms Act, 1997 that was passed
on 22nd July, 1997 by Haryana Legislative
Assembly.
l As per the Act, State Electricity Board was
bifurcated into two parts i.e. Haryana Power
Generation Corporation Limited and
Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Limited.
The State Government again divided Haryana
Power Generation Corporation Limited into
two corporations in March 1999 to supply
power smoothly in the state. After this, four
corporations related to the production and
distribution of electricity were set up in the
state, which are as follows.
1. Haryana Power Generation Corporation
Limited
2. Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Limited
3. Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited
4. Dakshini Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam
Limited
Haryana Power Generation
Corporation Limited (HPGCL)
lHPGCL is an ISO: 9001 Certified Company
entrusted with the responsibility of setting up
new power generating stations in Haryana.
lHPGCL was incorporated by Haryana State
Government on 17th March, 1997. It was
given the responsibility of operating and
maintenance of power projects of Haryana
State Electricity Board on 14th August, 1998.
lHPGCL is also responsible for bringing
excellence in power generation in state’s owned
power generation stations.
lThe headquarters of HPGCL is situated in
Panchkula district.
Know Your State Haryana
l The corporation has set up power generation
capacity (thermal) in Yamunanagar, Jhajjar,
Faridabad and Hisar. One atomic energy
power plant is set up in Gorakhpur in the
district of Fatehabad.
Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam
Limited (HVPNL)
l HVPNL was incorporated under the
Companies Act of 1956 on 19th August, 1997.
l It started operating from 18th September,
1997. The transmission and distribution of
HSEB were done on 14th August, 1998. Its
headquarters is located in Panchkula district
in Haryana.
l As per another transfer scheme implemented
on 1st July, 1999, HVPNL was further
segregated into two more corporations i.e.
UHBVNL and DHBVNL.
Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam
Limited (UHBVNL)
l UHBVNL was formed under the Companies
Act of 1956 as a public sector company.
l It is responsible for distribution and retail
supply of power in Northern districts of the
state. The districts are Ambala, Yamunanagar,
Kaithal, Panchkula, Kurukshetra, Karnal,
Panipat, Sonipat, Rohtak, Jind and Jhajjar of
Haryana.
l The headquarters of UHBVNL is in Panchkula.
Dakshin Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam
Limited (DHBVN)
l DHBVNL was formed under the companies
Act of 1956 as a public sector company.
l Dakshin Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited
(DHBVNL) is formed to supply power in
Southern districts of the state. The districts are
Bhiwani, Faridabad, Gurugram,
Mahendragarh, Rewari, Hisar, Sirsa,
Fatehabad, Dadri, Nuh and Palwal.
l The headquarters of DHBVNL is in Hisar
district.
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana
Haryana Electricity Regulatory Commission
It is an autonomous body, which was formed on
17th August, 1998. The functions of this
commission are:
l
To present recommendations to the
government for development in the power
sector.
l
Proper determination of electricity rates in the
state.
l
To give favourable suggestions of time and
situation to the government to maintain the
balance between power generation and
distribution corporations and consumers in the
state.
Conventional Energy Sources
l Conventional energy sources are such
sources whose reserves are limited on the
earth. These energy sources may be
exhausted in the future, as humans have
been using them for a long time.
Conventional energy sources include coal,
petroleum and natural gas, etc.
l The energy generated from the
conventional energy sources is divided into
two parts, thermal electric energy and
hydro-electric energy.
Thermal power stations of Haryana are
given below:
Panipat Thermal Power Station
l It is the first power station of Haryana
located in the district of Panipat.
▲ PANIPAT THERMAL POWER STATION
185
l It was established on 1st November, 1979. It has a
total installed generation capacity of 1367.80 MW
comprising of four units of 110 MW each, two
units of 210 MW each and two units of 250 MW
each.
l In this power station 8 units have been installed
for electricity generation. Out of which 2 units
generate 250 MW electricity, other 2 units
generate 210 MW electricity and the remaining
4 units generate 110 MW electricity.
Note In order to improve the performance of the plant
and to have better control, Panipat Thermal Power
Station (PTPS) was bifurcated into the thermal power
stations, PTPS-1 and PTPS-2. Now PTPS-1 is
decommissioned.
Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power Station
l It is coal based thermal power plant.
l It is located at Khedar in Hisar district of
Haryana. It was established on 19th May, 2007,
but production started from 24th August, 2010.
l 2 units of this Thermal Power Project are
working which have total installed capacity of
1200 MW.
l It gets coal from Mahanadi Coalfield Limited
(Odisha). It is constructed by Reliance Power
Limited.
l It is the first Mega project of North India.
Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal
Power Station
l It is located in Yamunanagar district of Haryana.
It was established in 1993 but production started
from 14th April, 2008.
l 2 units of 600 MW have been installed in this
plant. This power plant is one of the coal based
power plants of HPGCL. It was jointly
constructed by Reliance Energy Limited and
Shanghai Electric (China). The coal is supplied
by Central Coalfields.
l It is the first power project to be controlled by the
private sector.
186
Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power Project
l It is located at Jharli village in Jhajjar district.
l It is a joint project of National Thermal
Power Corporation (NTPC) Indraprastha
Power Generation Company Limited (IPGCL)
and Haryana Power Generation Corporation
Limited (HPGCL).
l This project started its production in
3 phases. First phase started on 4th March,
2011. Second phase started power generation
from 5th November, 2011 and third phase
from 7th November, 2012.
l 3 units of 500 MW each, have been installed
in this plant, thus, it has a total installed
capacity of 1500 MW.
l It is also known as Aravalli Super Thermal
Power Project as it is maintained by Aravalli
Power Company Private Limited.
l It gets coal from Mahanadi Coalfield
Limited.
Mahatma Gandhi Thermal Power Project
l It is located at village Khanpur, in Jhajjar. It
was established on 19th July, 2012.
l 2 units of 660 MW each have been intalled in
this plant thus, it has a total installed capacity
of 1320 MW (2 × 660 MW).
l It is the first coal-based power generation
project set up in collaboration with China
Power Corporation.
Faridabad Thermal Power Plant
l It is located in Faridabad district of Haryana,
about 30 km from Delhi.
l Earlier it had a total installed capacity of
180 MW. At present, its capacity is 430 MW.
l This is the only gas based thermal power
plant in the state.
Know Your State Haryana
Hydro Power Plants
lThere are very few rivers in Haryana and most
of the land is plain so, there is little scope of
hydro electricity in the state.
lState Government continuously working in the
development of hydro electricity. At present it
has two projects running on hydroelectricity.
These are as follows :
Western Yamuna Canal Hydel Project
l This project is located between Hathnikund
and Dadupur in Yamunanagar district of
Haryana. Hathnikund is a barrage built
on Yamuna river.
l It was established in 1980 in collaboration with
Japan. It has total installed capacity of
62.7 MW.
l In 1990, the Central Government approved to
install 4 other power stations under this
project.
Kakroi Micro Hydel Project
l This project with ultra low head (1.9 m) is
located on Western Yamuna Canal
(Delhi branch) at Kakroi village near Sonipat.
It has a total installed capacity of 400 KW
comprising 4 units of 100 KW each.
l This project is under the control of HPGCL,
Yamunanagar from 1st June, 1999.
l This project is a National Demonstration
Project of Hydroelectric Power Centre,
Roorkee. The work of this project started from
1987-88. The project supplies electricity to the
Sonipat division.
Dadupur Mini Hydro Electric Project
lThis is micro hydel project with an installed
capacity of 4 MW.
lThis project was established in 2009-10 by
Bhoska Power Corporation.
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana
Western Yamunanagar Project
l This hydel project is established at Gauripur
village of Karnal district.
l It was constructed in 2010-11 by Ms. P and
R Engineering Services.
l The project has an installed capacity of
2 MW.
Muasapur Micro Hydel Project
lThis project is established at Indri village of
Karnal.
lIt has an installation capacity of 1.4 MW.
lThe project was established in the year
2011-12 by Ms. Puri Oil Mills of Delhi.
Khukni Micro Hydro Electric Project
l This project is situated at Khukni village in
Karnal district.
l It was established in year 2011-12 by
Ms. Puri Oil Mills of Delhi.
Other Projects
lProjects undertaken by Puri Oil Mills that
are Mainmati (2.10 MW), Khajuri
(2.15 MW), Musapur (0.7 MW) and
Khokhni (0.7 MW).
lProject undertaken by M.K.K. Hydro Power
Limited in Ahmadpur village in Yamunanagar
with installed capacity of 4.8 MW.
Non-Conventional Resources
of Energy
These are the energy sources which can be
renewed and used for longer duration. It
includes nuclear energy, solar energy, wind
energy and bio-energy. These are discussed
below:
Nuclear Energy
Haryana has only one nuclear power plant
(Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant) which
ensures power supply in the state.
187
Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant
l The Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant in
Haryana has been set up in village Gorakhpur of
Fatehabad district on 13th January, 2014
l The total installed capacity of this Nuclear
Power Plant is 2800 MW. It consists of 4 units
and each unit is capable of producing 700 MW
of power.
l The first phase of the project was launched on
13th January, 2014 by the then Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh.
l It was set up by Nuclear Power Corporation of
India Limited (NPCIL).
l This is the first Nuclear Power House of Haryana.
▲ GORAKHPUR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Solar Energy
lThe first solar power plant in Haryana was set
up at Nandha village in Charkhi-Dadri district.
lSolar Power Plant at Budh Kalan in
Yamunanagar district has been set up by Haryana
Power Generation Corporation Limited.
lThe solar insolation level in the state is in the
range of 5.5 KW to 6.5 KW per sq m of area
and the state has about 320 clear sunny days in
a year.
lHaryana is the only state in the country which
has made it mandatory to install solar water
heating systems, use of 4 star pump sets in
agriculture, use of CFL in government offices
and reflex bulbs, etc.
188
l Government has also launched a training
programme called Suryamitra to develop
skilled manpower in the field of
renewable energy with special focus on
solar energy.
l According to Economic Survey 2020-21,
it has been planned to install 1600 MW
capacity of solar power plants by year
2022. Till March, 2020 Rooftop Solar
Power Projects of about 183 MW
cumulative capacity have been installed in
the state.
Haryana Solar Power Policy, 2016
The Government of Haryana has
formulated Haryana Solar Power Policy, on
14th March, 2016 to promote the
generation of power from solar energy.
The main objectives of this policy are:
l To promote generation of green and clean
power in the state by using solar energy. It
also aims to create awareness among
youths and students about the
environment.
l To create conditions conducive to the
participation of private and public sector
in setting up solar energy based power
projects in the state.
l To provide subsidy for setting up of
rooftop solar power plants.
l Decentralisation and diversification of the
energy portfolio and to increase the share
of renewable solar power.
l To put in place an appropriate investment
that would leverage the benefits of Clean
Development Mechanism (CDM) and
result in lower Green House Gas (GHG)
emissions.
l To develop techniques of using more solar
energy under Solar Centre of Excellence.
Know Your State Haryana
State Initiatives to Develop Solar Power
l Haryana state has given permission from 2014 to
all institutions built over 500 square, to install
solar power plants that are capable of handling
3-5% of their power load. This is applicable to all
government, private, semi-government, schools,
hospitals, hotels, etc.
l Barren land areas in the state are allocated for
setting up solar power plants.
l State encourages the farmers to produce electricity
by installing solar power plants in their fields and
even sell it.
International Solar Alliance (ISA)
l
On 25th January, 2016 the Prime Minister of India and
the President of France established the headquarters of
the International Solar Alliance (ISA) in Gurugram district
of the state.
l
The International Solar Alliance’s Interim Secretariat was
also inaugurated in the premises of the National Institute
of Solar Energy located in the Gwal hill region of
Gurugram district of the state.
l
Government of India allotted 5 acres of land in the
premises of National Institute of Solar Energy, located in
Gurugram for the headquarters of ISA.
l
The ISA was established to promote the use of solar
energy in the world. It is an organisation of countries in
the world where solar energy is available in plenty.
Wind Energy
lIn Haryana, sufficient untapped wind energy
power potential is available, specifically in the
Morni hill area of Panchkula District and Aravalli
hills in Southern Haryana.
lWind Monitoring Stations have been set up in
Panchkula, Gurugram and Mahendragarh districts
to assess the available wind potential for power
generation in the state.
lThe Haryana Renewable Energy Development
Agency (HREDA) was set up as the nodal agency
for managing the works related to power generated
from non-conventional energy sources in the state.
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana
Bio Energy
lHaryana has a potential to develop bio fuel
due to agricultural residue, specially in the
districts of Sirsa, Hisar, Bhiwani, Jind and
Kaithal, where agriculture is the main activity.
lThe first bio gas plant was established in 1991
at Dikadla in Panipat district. According to
Department of Renewable Energy, Government
of Haryana, the state has 112 bio gas plants.
Haryana Bio Energy Policy, 2018
In the State of Haryana, the government
formulated the Bio Energy Policy, 2018 to
encourage the use of biomass and to deal with
the pollution problem arising due to burning of
crop residues in the fields.
The main objectives of this policy are:
l According to this policy, there is a target to set
up biomass based power plants of 150 MW by
2022.
l To tackle the issue of straw burning and
promote paddy straw based biomass power
project in the state, the Government has
allotted 4 paddy straw based biomass power
projects of 49.8 MW capacity in Kurukshetra
(15 MW) Kaithal (15 MW), Jind (9.90 MW)
and Fatehabad (9.90MW).
l To harness biomass based power/bio
gas/bio-CNG/bio-manure/bio fuels.
l To support research and development,
demonstration and commercialisation of new
technologies.
Renewable Energy Department
l To promote the use of renewable energy such
as solar, wind, biofuel, etc. the department of
renewable energy was established.
l The department works as a nodal agency
under the Energy Conservation Act, 2001.
l The department constituted a nodal agency in
1977 to develop the non-conventional sources
of energy which is known as HAREDA.
189
Haryana Renewable Energy
Development Agency (HAREDA)
l It is the State Nodal Agency for coordinating
all activities relating to renewable energy
development including generation of power
using non-conventional energy sources.
l HAREDA is responsible for laying down the
procedure for inviting the proposals from
Independent Power Producers (IPPs), DPR
preparation, evaluation of project proposals,
project approvals and project progress
monitoring, etc.
l It functions as a single window clearing agency
for all renewable energy power projects for
facilitating necessary clearances and approvals
on behalf of the Government of Haryana.
l HAREDA gets financial support from both,
the State and the Central Government.
▲ HARYANA RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
Renewable Energy Parks
lTo promote the use of renewable energy and to
create awareness among teachers and students,
Renewable Energy Parks are established at
many places of Haryana.
lEnergy parks are also set up to encourage
technical innovation and awareness towards
developing energy sources that do not create
environmental degradation.
lFirst energy park was set up in Gurugram
district with a cost of ` 1.87 crore named
Rajiv Gandhi Renewable Energy Park.
190
l The park was inaugurated on 12th August,
2004 by Chief Minister Om Prakash
Chautala.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, 20
renewable energy parks have been set up in 18
districts which are as follows:
Solar Parks
Regional Engineering College
Sir Chhotu ram State Engineering
College
College of Agricultural and Technology
Convent of Jesus and Mary
Haryana Institute of Rural Development
Hansraj Public School
Ahir College
Guru Jambeshwar University
Mini Secretariat
Government Polytechnic
Government Polytechnic
BKM Government Polytechnic
ML Institute of Technology
Model School
Adarsh Mahila Mahavidyalaya
College of Technology and Management
Navjyoti Foundation
YMCA Institute of Engineering and
Technology
Vaish College of Engineering
Manohar Memorial College
In addition to this, approval has been given for
the establishment of the first district energy park
at Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Nanthala in
Panipat district of Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
Renewable Energy Awards
l
Haryana provides awards at district, block and
Panchayat levels to encourage the use of renewable
sources of energy.
l
The first village to use renewable energy source at
Panchayat is given ` 3 lakh, second village is given
` 2 lakh and third is awarded with ` 1 lakh each.
Location l
Similarly, at the district level, the first prize winner
Kurukshetra receives ` 50000 and second prize winner receives
` 25000 and the first prize winner at the block level
Sonipat is awarded ` 25000.
Hisar
Schemes Run by State Government
Ambala Cantt
There are various schemes run by the State
Karnal Government for the conservation of energy.
Panchkula They are as follows:
Rewari Manohar Jyoti Yojana
Hisar lTo meet the lighting energy needs of the
Karnal public, the scheme Manohar Jyoti provides
Jhajjar LED based SPV home lights.
Sirsa
lThe scheme was launched in 2017 by the
Chief Minister of Haryana Manohar Lal
Narnaul,
Mahendragarh
Khattar.
Rador,
lUnder the scheme, 2 LED luminary of 6 watt
Yamunanagar each, 1 LED tubelight of 9 watt, 1 DC ceiling
fan of 25 watt and 1 USB port of mobile
Nuh (Mewat)
charging are provided to each household.
Bhiwani
lIn this scheme, the Government is spending
Kaithal around ` 15000 per family. Around 16666
Gurugram manohar kits have been provided to people of
Faridabad
the state in the year 2019-20.
Mahra Gaon Jagmag Gaon Yojana
Rohtak
lThis scheme was launched on 1st July, 2015 at
Fatehabad Dayalpur village of Kurukshetra district.
lThe objectives are to provide 24 hours
uninterrupted power supply, improve the
electricity bill collections, reduce power thefts
and line loss.
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana
l In the first phase of this scheme, 15 hours of
electricity was made available to such villages where
the line loss of power was 25%.
l In the second phase of the plan, 18 hours of
electricity was provided to those villages who agreed
to install electricity meters outside the houses. In the
last phase of the scheme, 21 hours of electricity will
be provided to those villages in which 90% of the
electricity bills were paid.
l Panchkula is the first district to meet its objective of
24 hour uninterrupted power supply.
Ujjwal Discom Assurance Yojana UDAY
lThis scheme was launched by Government of India
in 2015.
lIts objective is to make debt ridden power
distribution companies free from debt.
lThe Haryana Government signed MOU on 11th
March, 2016 to boost the operational and financial
capacity of UHBVNL and DHBVNL.
lThe scheme is facilitated and monitored by Rural
Electrification Corporation.
lUnder this scheme, the Haryana Government issued
UDAY bonds from June 2018 worth ` 25950 crore.
The target is to issue bonds worth ` 34517.34 crore.
Bill Penalty Waiver Scheme
lThe main objective of the scheme was to pay the
outstanding amount of electricity so that
defaultering amount can be reduced.
191
l The scheme is introduced in rural areas
from 2016.
l This is a voluntary declaration scheme
and consumers having payments upto 2
KW can avail the scheme.
l Surcharge and penalties are waived off in
this scheme.
Solar Power Plants in Gaushalas
lHaryana aims to install solar power
plants in all the Gaushalas of the state
with a grant of 80-85 per cent. Rest of
the cost is to be incurred by ‘Gau Sewa
Aayog.’
lAs per Economic Survey 2020-21, solar
plants of 2 MW capacity will be
installed in 330 Gaushalas with a grant
of ` 8.26 crore.
Suryamitra Skill Development
Programme
lThis programme was aimed at preparing
or training individuals in the field of
solar energy. In the year 2016-17, under
this programme, three training
programmes were conducted in Sirsa,
Sonipat and Gurugram districts of the
state.
l30 persons are trained in each session of
this programme.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Which district has large reserves of mineral 12. Which of the following districts has deposits
resources? [HSSC 2016] of kyanite?
(a) Hisar (b) Kurukshetra (a) Hisar (b) Ambala
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Yamunanagar (c) Rohtak (d) Mahendragarh
2. Gurugram and Mahendragarh are rich 13. Which rivers in Haryana have traces of gold
in ........... . [Patwari 2016] in their banks and bases?
(a) Tin (b) Dolomite (c) Slate (d) Feldspar (a) Markanda (b) Tangri
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
3. Narnaul is famous for mining of ........... .
(a) Gypsum (b) Limestone 14. Haryana has achieved 100 per cent
(c) Iron-ore (d) Slate in ........... . [HSSC 2015]
(a) Literacy (b) Electrification
4. Name the district which is the major producer
(c) Infrastructure (d) None of these
of iron pipes in Haryana? [HSSC 2021]
(a) Gurugram (b) Yamunanagar 15. In which year Haryana state had linked all
(c) Hisar (d) Jind its villages with electricity?
(a) 1995 (b) 1975 (c) 1970 (d) 1995
5. Which among the following districts is rich
in copper? 16. Which sector in Haryana is the highest
(a) Mahendragarh (b) Karnal consumer of electricity?
(c) Hisar (d) Rewari (a) Forestry (b) Agriculture
(c) Tertiary (d) Industries
6. Asbestos is found in which district of
Haryana? [HSSC 2018] 17. Haryana Electricity Reform Act was passed
(a) Hisar (b) Gurugram in the year ........... . [HSSC 2016]
(c) Karnal (d) Mahendragarh (a) 1997 (b) 1998 (c) 1999 (d) 2000
7. Manganese is found in which district of 18. During which year, Haryana State Electricity
Haryana? [PGT 2016] Board was split into two separate bodies?
(a) Hisar (b) Mahendragarh (a) 1997 (b) 1999 (c) 1998 (d) 2000
(c) Karnal (d) Gurugram 19. HVPNL stands for ........... in Haryana.
8. Which of the following districts is rich in [HSSC 2020]
limestone? (a) Haryana Voltage Purchase Nigam Ltd
(a) Panipat (b) Sonipat (c) Nuh (d) Ambala (b) Haryana Voltage Prasaran Nigam Ltd
9. Which of the following mineral is found in (c) Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Ltd
Mahendragarh? [2016] (d) Haryana Vidyut Purchase Nigam Ltd
(a) Limestone (b) Granite 20. HPPC stands for ........... in Haryana.
(c) China clay (d) All of these [HSSC 2021]
10. Which mineral is found in Rohtak? (a) Haryana Prasaran Purchase Corporation
[Police Constable 2016] (b) Haryana Power Purchase Centre
(a) Limestone (b) Copper (c) Haryana Poverty Prasaran Corporation
(c) Manganese (d) Mica (d) None of the above
11. Which place in Rewari has huge reserves of 21. Where is the head office of HPGCL?
slate? [2017] (a) Panchkula (b) Rohtak
(a) Khol (b) Bayal (c) Kund (d) Kosli (c) Gurugram (d) Mahendragarh
Minerals and Energy Resources of Haryana 193

22. Which of the following districts is covered 34. In which of the following districts Kakroi
under Uttari Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Hydel Project is located?
Limited (UHBVNL)? (a) Panipat (b) Rohtak
(a) Bhiwani (b) Kaithal (c) Rewari (d) Mewat (c) Sonipat (d) Gurugram
23. Which of the following districts is covered 35. Installed capacity of Kakroi Micro Hydel
under Dakshin Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Project ( per unit) is ........... . [Aganwadi 2017]
Limited (DHBVNL)? (a) 50 KW (b) 75 KW (c) 100 KW (d) 150 KW
(a) Ambala (b) Faridabad
36. In which of the following districts, Nuclear
(c) Jind (d) Jhajjar
Power Plant of 2800 MW capacity is set up?
24. Which of the following is the biggest power (a) Fatehabad (b) Faridabad
station of Haryana? [HSSC 2016] (c) Jhajjar (d) Panchkula
(a) Yamunanagar Power Plant 37. Which among the following non-
(b) Panipat Power Plant conventional source of energy is found
(c) Rajiv Gandhi Power Plant abundantly in Haryana?
(d) WYC Hydel Power Plant (a) Solar energy (b) Wind energy
25. In which year, Panipat Thermal Power (c) Nuclear energy (d) Tidal energy
station was commissioned? 38. First solar power plant in Haryana was set
(a) 1973 (b) 1980 up in which village?
(c) 1981 (d) 1979 (a) Budh Kalan (b) Kakroi
26. Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power Project is (c) Khanpur (d) Nandpa
located in the district of ........... . 39. Which programme is launched by
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Faridabad Government of Haryana for developing
(c) Hisar (d) Sirsa skilled manpower in the field of renewable
27. In which year Rajiv Gandhi Power project energy?
was commissioned? (a) Samadhan Sahayak (b) Suryamitra
(a) 2005 (b) 2007 (c) 2009 (d) 2010 (c) Surya Sathi (d) Jyoti Sahayak
28. In which year Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram 40. Haryana Solar Power Policy was introduced
Thermal Power Plant was established? in the year ........... .
(a) 2002 (b) 2000 (c) 1993 (d) 2009 (a) 2016 (b) 2015 (c) 2017 (d) 2014
29. Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Power Plant is 41. Where is the head office of International
located in the district of .......... . Solar Alliance situated? [2016]
(a) Hisar (b) Yamunanagar (a) Gurugram (b) Panipat
(c) Sirsa (d) Panipat (c) Karnal (d) Faridabad
30. Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power 42. Morni Hills, which has sufficient untapped
Project is situated at ........... . wind energy power potential is located in
(a) Jind (b) Hisar (c) Sirsa (d) Jhajjar the district ........... .
(a) Jhajjar (b) Mewat
31. The Aravalli Super Thermal Power Project
(c) Panchkula (d) Yamunanagar
was founded in which year?
(a) 2001 (b) 2003 (c) 2004 (d) 2011 43. Where in Haryana, the first bio-gas plant
was set up? [PGT 2016]
32. Mahatma Gandhi Thermal Power Project is
(a) Sirsa (b) Sonipat (c) Panipat (d) Hisar
situated in which district of Haryana?
(a) Panipat (b) Gurugram 44. Haryana Government has formulated its
(c) Sonipat (d) Jhajjar Renewable Energy Policy in the year ......... .
(a) 2009 (b) 2010 (c) 2005 (d) 2007
33. In which of the following districts Western
Yamuna Canal Hydel Electricity Project is 45. HAREDA is the Nodal Agency for
located? developing energy through ........... .
(a) Sonipat (b) Yamunanagar (a) Coal (b) Nuclear sources
(c) Panipat (d) Faridabad (c) Hydel (d) Non-conventional
194 Know Your State Haryana

46. Where was the first energy park set up in II. Haryana Electricity Reform Act, 1997
Haryana? was passed by the Haryana State
(a) Kaithal (b) Karnal Legislative Assembly on 22nd July,
(c) Gurugram (d) Kurukshetra 1997.
47. In which year Mahra Gaon Jagmag Yojana Select the correct answer using the codes
was started? given below.
(a) 2009 (b) 2012 (c) 2015 (d) 2017 (a) Only I
(b) Only II
48. Under which scheme the Haryana (c) Both I and II
government issued UDAY bonds? (d) Neither I nor II
(a) Surya Mitra (b) Manohar Jyoti
(c) Ujjwal Discom Assurance scheme
52. Which of the following statements are
correct?
(d) Gaushala Solar Plant Scheme
I. The total installed capacity of Rajiv
49. Assertion (A) Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Gandhi Thermal Power Station is 1200
Nigam Limited and Dakshin Haryana Bijli MW.
Vitran Nigam Limited are two corporate
II. The power project is located in Hisar
bodies of erstwhile Haryana State
district.
Electricity Board.
Reason (R) Haryana State Electricity Board Select the correct answer using the codes
was split into two separate bodies in 1999. given below.
Codes (a) Only I (b) Only II
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct (c) Both I and II (d) None of these
explanation of A 53. Wind monitoring stations has been set up in
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the I. Panchkula II. Gurugram
correct explanation of A
III. Kaithal IV. Mahendragarh
(c) A is true but R is false
Codes
(d) Both A and R are not true
(a) I Only (b) I, II and III
50. Which of the following statements is/are (c) I, II, and IV (d) All of these
correct?
54. Match the following.
I. Haryana is rich in high grade iron-ore.
List I List II
II. Haryana is rich in minerals, which are
largely used in construction industry. A. Gold 1. Ambala
Codes B. Dolomite 2. Mahendragarh
(a) Only I (b) Only II
C. China clay 3. Gurugram
(c) Both I and II (d) None of these
D. Flexible Sandstone 4. Charkhi-Dadri
51. Which of the following statements is/are
correct? Codes
I. Haryana Electricity Regulatory A B C D A B C D
Commission came into force on 17th (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 4 3 2 1
August, 1998. (c) 3 2 1 4 (d) 4 3 1 2

Answers
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (d) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (a) 42. (c) 43. (c) 44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. (a) 50. (b)
51. (a) 52. (c) 53. (c) 54. (a)
CHAPTER 14
Industries in Haryana
Haryana is well known for its industrial
development. The state has also emerged as a
base for the knowledge industry, including IT
and Biotechnology. Haryana is the third largest
exporter of software and one of the preferred
destination for IT/ITs facilities.
History of Industrial
Development in Haryana
l Before Independence, a few industries were
concentrated in the region mainly sugar,
timber and cotton mill. After Independence,
the Central Government gave priority to
industrial development from the Second Five
Year Plan.
l As a result, the areas of Faridabad, Sonipat,
Panipat and Bahadurgarh developed as
industrial units.
l The state got its share of mineral resources
after its separation from Punjab in 1966. From
then, onwards the state started framing its
independent industrial policy.
l Industrial development started in Haryana
after 1980 as plans were developed to utilise
the mineral resources.
l Districts of Yamunanagar, Ambala, Faridabad,
Bhiwani were developed as industrial centres.
l From year 2000, the state gave strength to
industrial development.
l The state declared as year of Industry
and Employment in 2013. The New
Industrial Policy of 2015 stimulates further
industrial growth in the state on a fast
track basis.
l The policy is alligned with ‘Make in India’,
‘Digital India’ and ‘Skill India’ projects of
Central Government.
Key Industries of Haryana
The key industries of Haryana are food
processing industry, textiles, automobiles, petro
chemicals, cloth industry, biotech industry,
information and technology, real estate and
construction industry. These industries are
discussed below:
Food Processing and Allied Industry
l Haryana has the advantage of being an
agrarian state. It is a major contributor to the
National Foodgrains Pool.
l Apart from its own base for production of
vegetables and fruits (perishable commodities),
the state constitutes the route for
transportation of fruit from Jammu and
Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.
l The state has a good base for production of
milk and holds the potential for growth of
milk and dairy based industry. Dairy industries
are concentrated throughout the state.
196
Important food processing industries in the
state are as follows :
Nestle India
l The company produces infant foods,
milk, chocolates and milk products.
l It is Switzerland based and was started by
Henry Nestle in 1867. The company
started its Indian branch in Haryana, the
company installed its plant in 1992, in
Samlakha, Panipat.
l Nestle produces and markets a large
number of brands in India like Nescafe,
Milk bars, Kitkat, Maggi, Milkmaid, etc.
Perfetti Van Melle India
l It is a multinational company producing
confectionery products like Happydent,
Big Babol, Mentos, Alpenliebe etc. Center
Fresh is the most popular product of this
company.
l This company established its Indian
branch in 1994, in Manesar, Gurugram
district of Haryana.
l The company has captured 25% market
share in sugar confectionaries and
produces 11 more branded products. It is
also a major exporter of sugar
confectionaries in Asia.
Yakult Danone India Private Limited
l The Yakult Danone company is a joint
venture of Japan (Yakult) and France
(Danone), formed in 2005.
l It started its production in Haryana on
18th January, 2008. The plant produces
pro-biotic milk that increases immunity.
l The company is established in 8 acres at
Rai Industrial Area (Sonipat), which is a
food park developed by Haryana State
Industrial and Infrastructure Development
Corporation.
Know Your State Haryana
GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Health Care
Limited
l The company is registered in England. It was
established in 1924. It is one of the largest research
based pharmaceutical and health care company.
l In Haryana it is established in Khewra village of
Sonipat district.
l Horlicks is the most popular product of this
company.
Other Industries
Other food processing industries in Haryana are
Parle Biscuit Factory (Bahadurgarh), Madhu Ghee
(Pehowa), Lakshay Foods India Limited (Manesar),
Haryana Cooperative Dairy Development that
produces Vita milk (Jind, Ambala, Rohtak,
Ballabhgarh, Sirsa, Kurukshetra, Sabar Dairy Milk
Processing Plant, (Amul Milk Plant, Rohtak
(IMT) etc.
Agro Based Industry
Agro based industries are discussed below:
Cotton Textile Industry
l Cotton industry is well developed in Haryana as
the state gets its raw materials from cotton
producing areas of Sirsa, Fatehabad, Hisar,
Bhiwani, Dadri and Jind. The first mill started in
the state in 1937 in Bhiwani.
l Panipat has established its place on the
International map as a centre for the handloom
products.
l Gurugram-Manesar belt has also emerged as the
centre for manufacture and export of readymade
garments. A number of units are engaged in the
manufacturing of leather garments and other
accessories.
l The Haryana State Industrial Development
Corporation has developed a Textile Park at Barhi
(Sonipat). An International Trade and Convention
Centre would be set up at Panipat to promote
handloom products.
Industries in Haryana
Important Textile Mills in Private Sector
l Bhiwani Textile Mills was established by the
Aditya Birla Group in 1937, in Bhiwani. It
provides textiles to readymade cloth industry.
l Orient Craft Limited was established in
Gurugram on 28th February, 1978. It is an
export oriented company.
l Benetton Group The Benetton Group
established its branch in Gurugram district. It
is a multinational company and manufactures
branded clothes, shoes, bags, etc. under
Benton Brand.
Paper Industry
l First paper mill started in the state in 1929 by
the name of Messers Punjab Pulp and Paper
Mill Limited at Abdullahpur. Many private
companies have their paper manufacturing
units in Sonipat, Rewari and Yamunanagar.
l Gurugram also has paper mills from which
paper is supplied all over India.
Sugar Mill
l Haryana has many sugar mills as sugarcane is a
commercial crop of Haryana.
l Oldest sugar mill in the region was established
in Lahore, in 1933 in undivided Punjab, by
the name of Saraswati Industrial Syndicate
Limited (Saraswati Sugar Mill). A unit of this
sugar mill is currently working in
Yamunanagar.
Footwear and Accessories Industry
l The state has many leather product and
footwear-making industries, which are actively
involved in the process of end-to-end product
making.
l The major industries are at Karnal, Faridabad,
Bahadurgarh, Gurugram, Manesar, Sonipat,
Kundli, Ambala, etc. In view of the demand of
trained manpower of the footwear industry,
Footwear Design and Development Institute
(FDDI) is being set up at IMT Rohtak.
197
Timber Industry
l This industry also forms one of the main
industries of Haryana in the North-East
regions of the state in the districts of
Yamunanagar, Kaithal and Karnal.
l Chir, Sheesham, Keekar, Sagwan trees are used
for timber. Before 1947, the timber industry
in Yamunanagar was known as Wood Mandi
of Abdullahpur.
Automobiles and Automotive
Components
lAutomobile manufacturing sector constitutes
Haryana’s primary strength, due to the
presence of Maruti Suzuki, Hero, Honda,
Escorts, which have led to the development of
a large number of ancillaries in this sector.
lGurugram-Manesar-Bawal region has been
identified as an Auto Hub by the Government
of India. A number of auto and auto
component units have already been set up in
this hub. Haryana is the largest producer of
tractors and cars in the country.
Major automobile industries are as follows:
Escorts Limited
l It is an Indian Engineering company that was
set up in 1960 by Hari Nanda and UD Nanda.
The main head office is located in Faridabad.
l The company produces heavy engineering
goods like agricultural implements, railway
equipments, material handling machines, auto
parts, building and construction equipments,
etc.
l The Faridabad Escorts unit manufactures
engines, crankshafts, hydrolicks, transmission
equipments and is also a tractor assembly unit.
Maruti Suzuki India
lIt is a most popular brand of automobiles in
India.
lIt is a Japanese company established in 1982,
in Gurugram district of Haryana. It is spread
over an area of 300 acres.
198 Know Your State Haryana

l Another plant of this company is in Manesar Petro Chemical Industry

over an area of 600 acres. Manesar plant was Major petro chemical industries of Haryana are
established in 2007. It has about 50% car disussed below:
market share in India.
Indian Oil Corporation
Sona Koyo Steering Systems l It is an Indian Public Sector Oil and Gas
l It was established in 1985 under the flagship company. Indian Oil Corporation is
company of The Sona Group. established in Panipat in 1998.
l In 2006, Sona Koyo merged with Koyo Seiko l It is the seventh refinery of IOC and one of
Co. Ltd and formed JTEKT Corporation and the major refinery of South-East Asia that is
it headquartered in Japan. signally owned.
l JTEKT Corporation opened its branches in
Gurugram, Bawal and Dharuhera of the state. DuPont India
l The company manufactures steering gears, l DuPont is a multinational company and it
hydraulik power steering system, propeller was started in 1802. The company produces
shift, tilt-rigid steering columns, etc. It has explosive materials.
more than 50% market share in India. l It’s Indian office is located in Gurugram. The
Talbro Automotive Components
company conducts research and development
in various fields.
l The company has its branches in Sohna,
Faridabad and Gurugram. SRF Limited
l It manufactures automotive and industrial gas l It was established in Gurugram in 1970 by
kits. the name of Sri Ram Fabrics (SRF)Limited.
Automobile Units in Haryana The company changed its name to SRF in
1990.
Hero Motocorp It manufactures motorcycles,
established in Gurugram and l The company produces three commodities
Dharuhera. i.e., chemicals, industrial fabrics and
Honda Motorcycle and Established in Manesar. It is a synthetics.
Scooter India Japanese company. l Chemicals are further used in refrigerators and
Yamaha Motors Company It is a Japanese company, air-conditioners. Industrial fabrics produce
Limited established in Faridabad.
tyres and conveyor belts. Synthetics are used
HMT (Hindustan Machine It is established in Pinjore in soaps, shampoes, etc.
Tools Division)
Munjal Showa Limited It was established in 2013 in Waste Processing and Recycling
Gurugram. Industry
Omax Autos Ltd It is established in Dharuhera
(Rewari)
l The state encourages and promote the
industry engaged in processing of waste
Jamna Auto Industries Ltd It is a leading manufacturer of
springs and parabolic springs.
material e.g. urban solid waste, hazardous
Its corporate office is located waste, medical waste, etc.
in Yamunanagar. l As a special measure to promote this industry,
Rico Auto Industries It is in Gurugram and produces the government proposes to exempt from
automobile components. Value Added Tax (VAT) on any fuel
Coventry Coil-O-Matic It is located in village manufactured by the processing of municipal
Limited Salhawas of Rewari district.
solid waste.
Industries in Haryana
l The recycling is set up at IMT Manesar,
Rohtak, Samalkha. Solid and Liquid Waste
Management Projects are being set up in
three districts i.e. Yamunanagar,
Kurukshetra and Kaithal.
l A waste treatment plant to convert waste to
energy was set up in Karnal on Kachhwa
road in February, 2018.
Information Technology and IT
Enabled Services
l The State Government continue to accord
priority to the IT and ITs sector in
recognition of its potential for employment,
exports, wealth generation and spin off on
the growth of services sector.
l Gurugram has emerged as the most
preferred investment destination in
Northern India for IT and ITeS industry.
l Apart from Gurugram, other IT centres in
Haryana are Faridabad, Ambala and
Chandigarh. Sonipat and Karnal are
emerging as IT hubs.
Major IT Industries in Haryana are as
follows:
Tata Consultancy Services
l The company was established in 1968 in
Mumbai by JRD Tata and FC Kohli.
l Its head office is in Mumbai and other five
offices are located in Gurugram.
NIIT
l National Institute of Information
Technology (NIIT) was established in 1981
in Gurugram district.
l It was set up to provide technical
knowledge under Vocational Education
Project.
l In 2004, NIIT established itself as an
independent company.
199
Genpact
l The company was established in 1997 in
Gurugram district.
l It is a major IT company that provides services
like BPO (Business Process Outsourcing), KPO
(Knowledge Process Outsourcing) financial
assistance and back office for various companies,
sales and marketing, supply chain, etc.
l Genpact was declared as a top company by
NASSCOM for providing IT services.
IBM Daksh Limited
l It is also established in Gurugram district and
provides BPO services.
l IBM Daksh started its Gurugram branch in 2010.
Convergys India Services Limited
l It is a major IT company established in
Gurugram.
l The company provides content centre services,
customer care services, technical support
solutions, marketing and sales program and other
BPO services.
DLF Cyber City
l DLF cyber city is established in Udyog Vihar in
the district of Gurugram by the real estate
company, DLF limited.
l It is also called Cyber hub, where large number
of IT companies operate. It is the largest IT
center of Delhi NCR. Large number of educated
people from Delhi and Gurugram areas get
employment here.
▲ DLF CYBER CITY
200
Other IT Industries
Other IT companies established in Haryana are
Microsoft Limited, Hughes Softwares, Silicon
Graphics Limited, HCL technologies Limited,
Siemens India Ltd, Alkatel, GE Capital etc.
Biotech Industry and
Pharmaceuticals
l The Biotech industry and the pharma sector
has a vast growth potential in the country and
the state recognises the need for development
of this sector on a sustainable basis.
l The Government of India has selected Haryana
state for establishment of a Bio-Technology
Park along with research and development
facility besides promoting the establishment of
a Pharma Industrial Park in the state.
l The State Government has decided to earmark
and acquire about 1000 acres of land for the
development of a dedicated Pharma Park in
the Kundli-Manesar-Palwal (KMP)
Expressway Global Economic Corridor.
Biotechnology Industries in the state are as follows:
Ranbaxy Laboratories
lRanbaxy company is a major pharmaceutical
research based company of India. It was
established in 1961, with its head office in
Gurugram.
lIt plays an important role in Research and
Development of New Technology, Infection
Disease, Metabolism, Pharmacology Molecular
Technology, Development of New and
Improved Drugs, etc.
▲ RANBAXY LABORATORIES
Know Your State Haryana
Eli Lilly India Private Limited
l It was established in 1976 in US. In India, its
office is situated in Gurugram.
l The company conducts research work for
production of new medicines using
biotechnology.
Pro-Agro Seeds Company Private Limited
l The company was founded in 1977 is now a
part of Bayer Crop Science Group.
l In India, it is established in Badshahpur of
Gurugram district. It has emerged as a
National player having the advantage of
technology transfer, excellent Research and
Development facilities and presence in hybrid
as well as field crops.
l The company conduct research work on seed
technology, plant breeding, genetic marking,
seed grading, etc.
Real Estate and Construction Industry
The real estate sector is very well developed in
Haryana. Major companies are as follows.
DLF Limited
lDelhi Land and Finance Limited is a real
estate company established in 1946 by
Raghuvendra Singh.
lThe company started its project in Gurugram
in the mid of 1970.
lThe company is involved in real estate
activities and develops urban areas, make
townships and develop roads.
lIn collaboration with Haryana Development
Authority DLF constructed 16 lane road of
10.5 km in Gurugram.
lIt has a wide presence and developed lot of
housing societies in Gurugram.
Emaar India
l It is a real estate company established in 2005.
l It is a joint venture of Emaar Properties, Dubai
and MGF Development Limited, India.
Industries in Haryana
l The company is developing many residential
and commercial projects in India.
l It is situated in Gurugram. The company is
registered with the name Emaar MGF Land
Limited.
Vipul Limited
l It is also a real estate company established in
Gurugram.
l The company developed Global Business Park
and Millennium Plaza. It constructs housing
projects, commercial projects, etc.
Ansal Limited
It is situated in Gurugram. It undertakes real
estate development projects in urban areas.
Unitech Group
It is India’s second largest real estate investment
company situated in Gurugram. It develops
commercial centres and housing projects.
The Mall of India
It is situated in Gurugram in an area of 3.6
million square feet. This company increases the
retail area by opening a city centre shopping mall.
Other Industries
lOther companies that form a major
construction industry of Haryana are Adani
Group, Godrej Properties, Shapoorji Pallonji,
Vatika, IREO, Aashiana, Mahindra, Sobha,
etc. The offices of all these companies are in
Gurugram district of Haryana.
lThe construction industry also builds large
shopping complexes that are known as malls.
These malls provide retail shopping facilities.
lTop malls of Haryana are Ambience Mall,
MGF Metropolitan, DLF City Center, MGF
Megacity, Sahara Mall, Gurugram Central
Plaza Mall, DT Mega Mall, Star Mall, Gold
Sonk, etc. Almost all the popular malls of
Haryana are situated in Gurugram district.
Therefore this district is a highly industrialised
centre of Haryana.
201
Key Industrial Centres in Haryana
Some of the main industrial centres in the state
are as follows:
Faridabad
lIt is the biggest and the first industrial city of
Haryana as well as of North India.
lLarge and small scale industries related to
production of automobiles, tractor,
motorcycle, refrigerator, rubber tyres, tools,
footwears, appliances of kitchen are situated
here. First thermal power plant was established
here in 1974.
lIt is home to hundreds of large-scale
companies like Orient Paper and Industries,
JCB India Limited, Whirlpool, ABB Group,
Goodyear Tyres, Knorr Bremse India Pvt.
Ltd., Escorts Limited and Bata Shoes.
lMore than 1000 small industries are also
located here. Adjacent to the Southern part of
Delhi, the city is well-connected to the
national capital and Gurugram through road
and rail network.
lAn exhibition cum convention centre is
planned to be developed in Faridabad.
▲ BATA SHOE INDUSTRY
Panchkula
lPanchkula has farm equipment industry,
tractor industry, IT industry and
Pharmaceutical industry.
lIn 1954, Bharat Electronics was established
here. Panchkula is famous for electronics
products. Hindustan Machine Tools produce
spare parts for tractor. It is in Panchkula.
202
l Panchkula IT Park was established in 2008
and a Nano City Project is also proposed.
l This Nano city will be developed on similar
line as of Silicon Valley (Bengaluru) of India.
l Economic hub around Panchkula is to be
developed as Information Technology (IT)
Corridors.
Panipat
lPanipat is a city of textiles and carpets. It is
the biggest centre for quality blankets and
carpets in India and has a handloom weaving
industry.
lIn addition, Panipat city is the biggest centre
of ‘Shoddy Yarn’ in the world.
lHand woven carpets, bed covers, etc, are
exported to Australia, Canada, US, Japan,
France,Spain, Britain, Switzerland, Germany
and Gulf countries. The city is called City of
Weavers.
lNational Fertiliser Limited is a major
industry that is run by Central Government
in Panipat. Panipat also has centres of
Ammonia plants and Urea Plants.
lIndian Oil Refinery was established in
Panipat in 1980 in Baholi. Earlier, Baholi was
a part of Karnal district.
lIt is the largest oil refinery in India producing
15 million metric tonnes of oil.
lCaptive Electricity Machine Components
was established in Panipat to produce 15 MW
of energy.
lFarm Equipments Industry is established in
Samalkha. Large number of farm, tool
products are produced here.
Gurugram
lIt is the most developed commercial and
business centre of Haryana, located on the
outskirts of Delhi. This city is also known as
‘Cyber City’.
Know Your State Haryana
l Most of the automobile and auto component
manufacturers in the state have their base in the
industrial areas around Gurugram. Gurugram
also has a number of garment export units.
l During the last 10-12 years, Gurugram has
emerged as an important location for the
Information Technology (IT) and the
Information Technology Enabled Services
(ITeS) industry in the state.
l This city is famous for Maruti-Suzuki plant,
Gems and Jewellery Industry, Electronics
products, etc.
l High-tech Habitat Centre is established here.
l Gurugram is called as City of the Millennium.
It is a hub of call centres.
l Gurugram has now emerged to become the city
with the third highest Per-Capita income in
India after Chandigarh and Mumbai.
l Gurugram has the presence of about 250 or
50% of the Fortune 500 companies.
l Large MNCs have set up their industries in this
district.
Sonipat
lThis city is also called golden city. Ganaur,
Kundli, Rai are major industrial centres of
Sonipat.
lThe district is also popular for Atlas Cycle
Industries which is one among the top three
cycle manufacturers in the world but it was
closed in 2018. Milton cycle company is also
located here.
lYakult Donone India Private Limited in Rai
and GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Health Care
Limited in Khewra village are also located in
Sonipat.
lOther industries in Sonipat are food processing
industry, textile industry, chemical industry,
bulb and tube manufacturing industry, sugar
and paper industry.
Industries in Haryana
Rohtak
lIndustrial development has started on a rapid
pace in this district due to Single Window
Clearance Facility scheme of Haryana.
lThe scheme provides ease of establishing small
scale industrial units. Electrical equipments,
sugar, cotton textiles, threads, surgical and
orthopadic instruments and spare parts
industries are major industries of the district.
lShori Market of Rohtak is one of the largest
cloth markets of Asia.
lThe district has Vita Milk Plant, Sabar Dairy
Milk Plant and Research and Development
Centre of Maruti Udyog.
lGajak and Rewari (dry sweet made of sesame,
jaggery and peanut) is very famous of Rohtak.
Bhiwani
lIt is a centre for small, cottage and village
industries, specially producing cotton textiles
and cotton yarns.
lThe first textile mill in Haryana was
established in Bhiwani in 1937 by the name of
Bhiwani Textile Mills.
lCharkhi-Dadri in Bhiwani has a large scale
cement factory that was established in 1939 by
Seth Ramkrishna Dalmia in collaboration with
German engineers. It was acquired by Cement
Corporation of India on 23rd June, 1981.
lThe Technological Institute of Textiles is an
industrial unit that was set up in 1943 in
Bhiwani. Its textiles are exported to
Bangladesh, Turkey and Belgium.
lApart from cotton textiles, the district is also
famous for the metal industry, furniture
industry, steel utensil industry, etc.
Yamunanagar
lIt is one of the largest industrial centres of
Haryana.
lYamunanagar has one of the largest paper mills
therefore, it is also called Paper City.
203
lThe district has large number of small,
medium and large industrial units
producing sugar, components of machines,
timber etc.
lThe timber market at Abdullahpur spread
over an area of 100 acres. It was established
in the year 1947. It deals in the woods
like Sangwan, Sheesham, Kikar, Pine,
Safeda, etc.
lGoods are exported to Germany, Zimbabwe,
Nepal, Dubai, Syria, UAE, Sri Lanka, Kenya,
Russia, South Africa, etc.
Main industries of Yamunanagar are as follows:
Ballarpur (Bilt) Paper Mills
l The mill was established in 1929 as Messers
Punjab Pulp and Paper Mill Abdullahpur
Limited. It is known as Bilt Paper Mills.
l The mill also produces refined oil, ghee,
caustic soda and high quality paper for writing
and printing.
Saraswati Sugar Mills
l This mill was established in 1933 in Lahore.
This mill is a unit of Saraswati Industrial
Syndicate Limited.
l The mill produces large amounts of sugar and
is considered one of the largest sugar mills
in Asia.
Bharat Starch Chemical Limited Industry
It was established in 1938 to produce starch
from maize. Its present capacity is 5 lakh tonnes.
Railway Carriage and Wagon Workshop
l This factory is located in Jagadhri and
established in 1952. It is a major workshop for
repairing and maintenance of goods and coach
stock units.
l It is an important workshop for the
maintenance of Shatabdi trains. The
workshop now functions under Northern
Railway Zone of Indian railways.
204
Yamuna Gases Limited
Industrial gas production unit was established
in 1973. It was renamed to Yamuna Gases
and Chemicals Limited in 1988.
Haryana Distillery
It was established in 1969. It is famous for its
best quality product. It manufacture selector
switch, rotary switch and 2 way switch.
Ambala
lIt is one of the largest manufacturers of
scientific and surgical instruments in the
country, hence called Science City.
lAmbala produces and exports around 20%
of India’s scientific equipments. For this
purpose, large number of small scale
industries are set up in Ambala.
lHMT Limited, Bhupindra Cement Factory,
in Surajpur, Ambala HMT tractor factories
are also situated here.
lIt is also known for the production of
engineering goods and textile particularly
rugs which is locally known as ‘Durries.’
lConsumer goods like kitchen appliances,
electrical appliances, gas stoves are also
produced here. Ambala was famous for
Glass Industry before Second World War.
Kaithal
lThe district has industries like rice mills,
sugarcane industry, food processing,
equipments for tubewells and oil refinery,
wire and cables, paints, bottles, rubber rolls
and plastic bag industry.
lKaithal also has steel production and casting
units.
Mahendragarh
lMahendragarh is a district that has small
amounts of mineral wealth however there
are not many industries in it.
Know Your State Haryana
l With the formation of Rewari as a separate
district, the industrial zone of Mahendragarh got
shifted to Rewari.
l Small scale units related to rubber pipes, slippers,
animal dietary foods, marble, oil producing, tyre
retrading and bread making industries are there.
l Some large scale units of stone crushing, cement,
building material construction and cottage
industries making Lac bangles are popular in the
district.
Karnal
lKarnal has large number of rice mills that polish
and pack Basmati rice and export it to rest of the
world. Liberty Footwear, industry is a famous
industry of Karnal.
lLeather industry, paint industry, sugar mills,
food processing and farm equipment industry are
main industries of Karnal.
Sirsa
l At the time of its formation in 1975, Sirsa had
only 483 small scale, 2 medium and large scale
industries.
l At present Sirsa has around 6000 small scale
industries related to food processing and
agricultural equipments.
l Metal industries are also located in Sirsa however
more industrial development is needed in Sirsa.
Rewari
lDharuhera, Bawal and Rewari are important
industrial zones of the district. The region is
most popular for producing brass wares.
lThe brass industry began around, 1535 in the
city with the help of Portuguese. During the time
of Hemu, cannons were cast in Rewari for the
Sher Shah Suri.
lRewari is also known as Brass City. Rewari is
also popular for the making of artistic and
vibrant Tilli Juti (Moccasin). It is specially
popular in North India.
Industries in Haryana 205

l Other industries are tile, electronics, battery Industries and Related Places
etc. Major Industry Main Centres
l Dharuhera and Bawal have large manufacturing Cement Surajpur (Panchkula),
unit of Hero Honda Motorcycles and Harley Charkhi Dadri
Davidson (assembling unit). Sugar Sonipat, Shahbad,
Panipat, Rohtak, Jind,
l Dharuhera plant of Hero Moto Corp is the Karnal, Hisar Meham and
largest producer of motor cycles in the world. Jagadhri (Yamunanagar),

Hisar Ammunition Yamunanagar

lThe city has a large steel industry and is also Paper Jagadhri (Yamunanagar),
Faridabad, Sonipat ,
known as the Steel City because of the Jindal Dharuhera
Stainless Steel Factories.
Automobiles Gurugram, Faridabad,
lIt is also one of the largest producer of Pinjore (Panchkula)
galvanised iron. Bicyles Sonipat (Atlas), Faridabad,
lThis city in Haryana has small scale industries Palwal and Jind
related to agro based products like cotton Petroleum Karnal, Panipat, Bawal
ginning, spinning and yarns, leather, furniture Agricultural Implements Faridabad
and ropes. It also has mineral based industries
Engineering Faridabad
like iron garders, agricultural tools, PVC
Woollen Hisar, Panipat
pipes, etc.
Cloth Hisar, Bhiwani, Faridabad,
Kurukshetra Panipat and Rohtak
lIn Kurukshetra there are rice mills, sugar mills, Leather (Shoes, bags) Faridabad, Jind, Karnal
cold storage, oil mills, manure producing units Utensils Rewari
and milk plant. (Steel and Brass)
lShahabad Cooperative Sugar Mill was China Clay Potteries Gurugram, Bahadurgarh
established in 1984-85 in Kurukshetra. Sewing Machines Ambala
Iron and Steel Hisar, Ganaur, Panipat,
Jhajjar Bahadurgarh
l Jhajjar district has a flourishing brick industry Tyre Tube Ballabhgarh (Good Year
therefore, it is sometimes known as ‘Bhatta Company) and Faridabad
King’. Electronic Panchkula, Gurugram,
l The industries in this district are sanitary Ambala, Faridabad
wares, electronic equipments, steel industry, Plywood Yamunanagar
radio and cycle manufacturing, medical Plastics Faridabad
equipments and metal industry. Sanitary Bahadurgarh
l Big private companies operating in Jhajjar are Medicines Gurugram and Dundahera
Parle-G, Somani tiles, HNG Glass Limited,
Hosiery Rohtak
Surya Pipes and Lights, Panasonic India
Scientific Instruments, Mixer Ambala
Limited (in Jharli), Reliance Industrial Estate
and Yokohama Tyre Company (Bahadurgarh). Textile Park Hansi

l Pratapgarh farms is located in Jhajjar. Agro Hub Karnal and Sirsa

206 Know Your State Haryana

Major Industry Main Centres City Title

Maruti Gurugram Hisar Steel City
Hindustan Machine Tool Pinjore (Panchkula) Faridabad Industrial City
Industry
Rewari Brass City
Railway work shop Jagadhri (Yamunanagar)
Sonipat Cycle City
HMT Plant Pinjore
Panipat Weaver City, First Energy Bank
First Textile Mill Bhiwani
New Wood Timber Tohana (Fatehabad)
Industries
Major Sugar Mills in Haryana
Timber Market Yamunanagar
l Haryana State Federation of Cooperative
Oil Refinery Industries Panipat
Sugar Mills was established in 1966.
l Under the institution, 10 sugar mills are
Major Private and Public Industries in Haryana operated, rest are operated by HAFED
Major Industries Location (Haryana State Co-operative Supply and
Marketing Federation).
Maruti Plant Gurugram
Escorts Tractor Company Faridabad
l Important sugar mills are at Shahabad in
Kurukshetra, Sonipat Sugar Mill.
IOCL Oil Refinery, Urea Panipat
Manufacturing Plant l The Karnal Sugar Mill was awarded second
BILT Paper Mill Yamunanagar
position for its initiative for sugarcane
development.
Indian Starch Chemicals Yamunanagar
Other Mills
OSRAM, Birla Factory, Pickle Sonipat
Industry, Atlas Cycles, IMT Year of
Main Mills
establishment
Railway Workshop Jagadhri
(Yamunanagar) Saraswati Cooperative Sugar Mill 1933

HMT Plant Pinjore (Panchkula) Panipat Cooperative Sugar Mill 1956

First Energy Bank Panipat Rohtak Cooperative Sugar Mill 1956

First Textile Mill Bhiwani Karnal Cooperative Sugar Mill 1977

New Wood Timber Industries, 1st Tohana (Fatehabad) Shahabad Cooperative Sugar Mill 1984-85
Nuclear Power Plant Maham Cooperative Sugar Mill 1991
Timber Market Yamunanagar HAFED Cooperative Sugar Mill 2008-09
Good Year Tyres Faridabad
Major Industrial Development
City Titles According to Industrial Units Agencies in Haryana
City Title Department of Industries and Commerce
Gurugram Medicity, Cyber City, Solar City,
Maruti Plant
lThe department undertakes industrial
development, finance management,
Yamunanagar Paper City, Bilt Paper Mill,
infrastructure development and capital
Bharat Starch Industries
investment.
Ambala Science City, Mixie City
lIt encourages private capital investment in
Rohtak Sugar City, Education City
various fields.
Industries in Haryana
l It makes conducive environment for cluster
development of cottage and small scale
industries.
l To provide more employment opportunities
and skill development through industrialisation.
l To provide subsidies, provision of gas, coal,
electricity, diesel oil, etc. to run industries.
l To reduce the licensing procedures and other
rules in order to make private sector
investment easier.
Haryana Enterprises Promotion Board
lHaryana provides Single Roof Clearance
System to facilitate prospective investors to
obtain online clearances through the centre.
lThe head office is situated in Panchkula. The
centre has set up two promotional centres in
Delhi and Chandigarh.
lThis centre has also established Investment
Promotion Board and Grievance cell.
lIt also publishes a monthly magazine ‘Udyog
Yug’, that provides information about various
industries.
lIt has been constituted in 2017 under the
Chairmanship of Chief Minister Manohar Lal
Khattar to attract domestic as well as Foreign
Direct Investment in the state.
lThe Haryana Enterprises Promotion Board is
competent to approve a customised package of
incentives and concessions to mega projects,
undertake investment promotion activities,
identify and approve sectors in which foreign
as well as domestic investment is sought
keeping in view the state priorities.
lOne enterprises promotion board is set up at
Chandigarh to provide single point contact
services.
lThe Board provides its online services also.
There is a provision to clear the investment
offers within 30 days.
lHelp desk is established at Chandigarh.
207
Haryana Khadi and Village
Industries Board
l In order to promote village industries, the
State Government of Haryana established the
Khadi and Village Industries Board on
1st February, 1969. Chowdhary Devi Lal was
its first Chairman.
l The industry thrives on producing village
products through cottage industries like Khadi
handlooms, honey, soaps, aggarbattis, candles,
bags, carpets, mats, etc.
l This industry encourages the youth to involve
in Khadi Industry and gives them training
which can generate scope for employment.
l The Board comprises of 15 members
including Secretary, Joint Secretary and
Chairman, One meeting in a month is
compulsory.
l Khadi centres are opened in every district
headquarter of Haryana.
l The board started its selling counters at
Panchkula on 1st November, 2018 and in
Jhajjar on 1st October, 2019.
l Major schemes initiated by this board are
Margin Money Scheme, Pattern Assistance
Scheme, Prime Minister Employment
Generation Program, etc.
l The board provides opportunities for skill
development in rural areas of Haryana.
l It also provides credit facilities from banks to
set up cottage industries in the production of
Khadi products.
Haryana State Industrial and
Infrastructural Development
Corporation (HSIIDC)
l It was set up on 8th March, 1967, for
promoting medium and large scale industries,
so as to ensure balanced regional development
of Haryana, by acting as an institutional
entrepreneur and a financial institution. It
was set up under the companies Act, 1956.
208
l Headquarted at Panchkula, it is a state owned
agency that strives to develop world class
infrastructure. It provides financial assistance
by way of loans, equipment re-finance/
equipment leasing and working capital.
l Haryana State Government has 100% equity
of this corporation.
l The corporation has established Industrial
parks and industrial modern township.
l It provides electricity, water, transport,
communication, fuel and banking facilities for
the development of industries and industrial
estates.
Industrial Townships Developed
by HSIIDC
l The Haryana State Industrial Development
Corporation (HSIDC) has developed an
Industrial Model Township (IMT) at
Manesar. More and more IMTs are being
developed at Rohtak (3,800 acres), Faridabad
(1,800 acres), Roz-ka-Meo (1,500 acres) and
Kharkhoda (3,000 acres).
l Some regions of Haryana that lie within the
Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC)
are also developed as industrial townships.
They are Faridabad-Palwal, Rewari, Hisar,
Kundli-Sonipat and Manesar-Bawal.
l These townships will have campuses for large
industries, ICT parks, industrial plots, flatted
factories, residential facilities, labour housing,
commercial and institutional areas,
entertainment zones, skill development,
healthcare facilities, etc.
l HSIIDC has also developed skill development
centres for youth. These are as under
l National Institute of Design (Umri)
Kurukshetra
l Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs, IMT
Manesar
Know Your State Haryana
l National Automotive Testing Infrastructure
Project, IMT Manesar.
l Footwear Design and Development Centre
IMT Rohtak.
Haryana State Small Industries and
Export Corporation
lIt was set up on 19th July, 1967. The objective
of this company is to assist small and medium
scale industries in the state. It provides raw
materials to small scale industries at subsidised
rates.
lIt encourages the small scale industries to
produce good quality stuff that can be exported.
Haryana Agro Industries
Corporation Limited
lThe corporation is established at Murthal in
Sonipat district.
lIt provides research and development facilities
in agro based industries of Haryana specially
related to developing newer ways of processing
to reduce production cost and enhance
product value.
lThe corporation also employs rural youth for
apiculture (rearing of honey bees for honey
and wax), mushroom production and compost
production.
State Government Initiatives for
Industrial Development
l The Haryana State Industrial Development
Corporation (HSIDC) is the nodal agency of
the state for development of industrial
infrastructure.
l The corporation has successfully developed a
number of Industrial Model
Townships/Industrial Estates at strategic
locations in the state and plans to develop such
projects at new sites besides expansion of
existing ones.
Industries in Haryana
Following initiatives are being taken by the state
for the development of industrial infrastructure:
Inland Container Depot and Storage
Centres
l The state has set up Inland Container Depot
for providing the storage and warehouse
facilities to businesses.
l It is set up at Faridabad, Rewari and Panipat.
l The Container Corporation of India is setting
up a cold chain complex at Rai (Sonipat).
l In Bawal warehousing facilities are developed
with public private partnership. (PPP Model).
Industrial Development Centres
l Centre for Industrial Development is set up in
Bawal, Rewari district to initiate
industrialisation.
l Another centre for Industrial Development is
set up in Saha, Ambala district.
l The centres are developed to provide world
class facilities to encourage big companies to
invest there. Nerolac, Exide, Becton etc. have
been operating their units here.
Special Economic Zone (SEZ)
lHaryana has 8 notified Special Economic
Zones (SEZs), 29 formally approved SEZs and
28 SEZs having in principle approval.
lIt is appreciated widely for being the state with
highest number of SEZs in the country.
lDLF SEZ at Gurugram and United SEZ at
Rai (Sonipat) are notable.
lReliance Haryana SEZ at Jhajjar is India’s
largest SEZs project with a capital outlay of
US $ 10 billion.
lPanchkula is developed as Nano City and IT
corridor. The state has come out with Haryana
Special Economic Zones Act, 2006, for
facilitating development of SEZs in the state
and framed rules under it.
209
Industrial Parks in Haryana
To encourage private investment, industrial
parks are set up in Haryana. These are as
follows:
Gems and Jewellery Parks
lThese parks have been identified as an
industry having good potential for
development in the state.
lGovernment has set up a Gems and Jewellery
Park Complex at Udyog Vihar (Gurugram) to
promote this sector.
lIt will be endeavour of the government to seek
Special Economic Zone status for this park.
lOne Software Technology Park of India is
already set up at Gurugram district.
lThe state provides 6.8 percent employment in
IT sector.
Mega Food Parks
lMega food parks are established by Ministry of
Food Processing to provide a direct linkage
from farms to processing industries and then
to consumers.
lIn Haryana 2 fully developed food parks are
operational in Rai of Sonipat district and Saha
at Ambala district.
lThird park is developing at Barhi in Sonipat.
All the parks are developed by HSIIDC.
Export Promotion Industrial Parks
lThe park is situated in the district of Sonipat
in Kundli.
lThe park is being developed by Haryana
State Industrial Development Corporation
Limited.
lThe park promotes the production and export
of processed food items, readymade garments,
auto spare parts, electronics, sports goods and
handlooms.
210 Know Your State Haryana

Information Technology Parks Industrial Estates

l Information technology park is at Panchkula l Haryana has established 103 industrial estates
district. The park is set up by HSIIDC. through its development agencies. The
l The park has business establishments, training industrial estates in the state are developed by
institutes, media and information technology Haryana State Industrial Development
companies. Corporation (HSIDC), Haryana Urban
l In line with Digital India’s Mission, the Development Authority (HUDA) and
Haryana Government will set up 3 Software private players.
Technology Parks along with Electronics and l The important industrial estates are Kundli
ICT academy. (Sonipat), Samalkha (Panipat), Tohana
l These parks are to be set up in Panchkula, Rai (Fatehabad) and Roz-ka-Meo (Gurugram).
(Sonipat) and Rohtak. Industrial Clusters
l The State Government has earmarked various
regions for setting up production units of one
kind. Panipat is developed as textile cluster,
Gurugram as auto parts and Faridabad as light
engineering.
l Rural areas are also developed as industrial
clusters such as Ismailabad in Kurukshetra for
Jute manufacturing, Farrukhnagar in
Gurugram for Jute and cane furniture, Odhi
▲ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PARKS in Rewari for leather footwear, frame
manufacturing in Mahendragarh etc.
Other Parks l A petrochemical complex is established at
Name Place Panipat that caters to the production of
Readymade Garments Park Gurugram petrochemical products. The state also plans to
Leather Garments Park Bahadurgarh
set up Nuclear plant at Faridabad.
Readymade Apparel Park Barhi (Sonipat) Haryana Industrial Policy, 2015
Pharmaceutical Park Karnal (Proposed) This policy is also called Enterprises Promotion
Footwear Park Karnal Policy, 2015. It came into effect from 11th
August, 2015.
Information Technology Park Panchkula
The main features of this policy are as follows:
Information Technology Park Manesar
l The Haryana State Government aims to create
Biotechnology Park Manesar 4 lakh jobs with this policy by attracting an
Leather Park Kharkhoda (Sonipat) investment of ` 1 lakh crore. The state will
(Proposed) open 20 new SEZ.
Industries in Haryana
lThe industrial policy promotes the Makes in
India, Digital India and Skill India Projects
run by Central Government.
lIt aims to increase industrial investment by 8%.
The four foundation pillars of this policy are:
1. Ease of doing business (NIRBAADH).
2. Enhancing competitiveness of industry.
3. Balanced regional growth.
4. Supporting the MSME and revising
implementation structures.
NIRBAADH
New Industrial Regulation by Automatic
Approval and Delegation in Haryana
(NIRBAADH).
To promote ease of doing business following
steps are taken:
l Two tier system of project clearances will be
done-one for projects with investment of more
than ` 10 crore and other for less than
` 10 crore.
l System of online clearances by creating e-biz
portal starting from 1st October 2015.
l No need to obtain CLU (change of land use)
permission in 31 blocks will ease out the
procedures.
l Simplified mechanism for industrial licensing
to promote private sector investment.
Making Industries Competitive
lIncentives amounting to ` 1,000 crores to
large and MSME units for development of
extremely backward areas.
lCreation of special infrastructure fund of
` 100 crores.
lEmployment generation subsidy of ` 36000
per annum for SC Women and ` 30000 for
general category for 5 years.
lHigher FAR of 150% for the industrial project.
211
Enhancing Productivity
lSkill development centres with 70% placement
guarantee. Innovation campus at a cost of ` 4
crore, 7 incubation centres and 7 universities.
lSet up mobile application development centres.
lRural BPOs to be set up in Rohtak, Hisar,
Sonipat, Kurukshetra and Sirsa.
lConnect 6000 villages with broad band speed.
Balanced Regional Growth
lManufacturing and industrial corridor-AKIC
and DMIC for industrial development with
Japanese collaboration.
lMega projects to be developed in Gurugram,
Manesar and Barwaa with investment of
` 20000 crores.
Supporting MSME
l` 1000 crore investment for developing
MSME, providing collateral free loans,
technology development centres, and rural
functional clusters.
l` 2 per unit of tariff on Electricity for Micro
and Small Enterprises in C and D category
blocks for 3 years.
Structures for Implementation
l State government has developed 4 institutions
for the implementation of the industrial
policy. These are Economic Advisory Council,
Policy Monitoring Mechanism, Grievance
Redressal Committees and Creation of Bureau
of Industrial Promotion.
l The target areas of policy 2015 are auto,
education and skill, energy, electronics, cloth,
defense, logistics, food processing, ITE,
pharmaceuticals and medical products.
l The policy aims to increase the
competitiveness of MSME, through cluster
development and adoption of Zero Defect
Zero Effect manufacturing practices.
212 Know Your State Haryana

Haryana Enterprises and Employment Industrial Awards in Haryana

Policy, 2020
The scheme of state awards is implemented in
l
The vision of this policy is to promote Haryana Haryana to promote entrepreneurs and workers. So
as a favoured destination for investments,
regional development and export
that more industrial development takes place. The
diversification. awards in this category are as follows:
l
Objective is to attract investments of INR 1 lakh l One state award of 3 lakh for outstanding
crores and generate 5 lakh jobs in the state. entrepreneurship in micro, small and medium
l
The policy aims to develop world class enterprises in agro and food processing,
infrastructure with lower operating costs.
l
The policy supports MSME for enhancing
automobiles, auto parts, textiles, engineering,
productivity, quality and market access. pharmaceuticals, IT and electronics, footwear and
l
Three tier grievances redressal committees are defense.
constituted to resolve industrial disputes. l State Export Award of 5 lakh each are given in
l
Based upon indepth analysis of geographic Haryana. 18 state export awards are given
situation, skill base, available resources and
manufacturing capabilities, seven thrust areas
including one outstanding women exporter award.
are identified. The state aims to provide greater 19 consolation prizes of ` 51000 each are also
investment opportunities in the seven areas. given.
They are
— Auto, auto component and light
l The industries in which the awards are given are
engineering.
engineering, agro based, glass, scientific
— Agro based, food processing and allied instruments, handlooms, Readymade garments,
industry. pharmaceuticals and IT.
— Textile and apparel. l State Labour Welfare Board, awards the industrial
— Electronic System Design and
labours for their all round effort skill and
Manufacturing.
— Defense and aerospace manufacturing.
efficiency. A sum of 1 lakh is awarded under
— Pharmaceutical and medical devices.
Mukhya Mantri Shram Ratan Award, ` 50000
— Chemical and Petrochemicals.
under Haryana Shram Bhushan Award, ` 20000
— Large scale energy and data storage. for Haryana Shram Veer Award and ` 20000 for
Haryana Shram Veerangna Award.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Haryana Government had declared which 9. First paper mill was started in the state in
among the following years as ‘the Year of which year? [TGT 2016]
Industry and Employment’? [HSSC 2016] (a) 1929 (b) 1935 (c) 1940 (d) 1944
(a) 2013 (b) 2012 10. Saraswati Sugar Mills is located where in
(c) 2014 (d) 2011 Haryana? [PGT 2016]
2. Which is the biggest industrial city of (a) Rohtak (b) Yamunanagar
Haryana as well in North India? (c) Faridabad (d) Panipat
[HSSC 2020] 11. Haryana ranks first in the production of
(a) Gurugram (b) Panipat
........... in the country. [HSSC 2015]
(c) Faridabad (d) Kurukshetra
(a) Scooty (b) Car (c) Tractor (d) Cement
3. Haryana has high ranking in which of the
12. Which automobile company is established in
following?
Gurugram? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Skill India Project
(a) Maruti (b) Hundei
(b) Make in India Project
(c) Volkswagon (d) Fiat
(c) Ease of Doing Business
(d) All of the above 13. Maruti Suzuki established its first
4. The two major and significant industrial automobile factory at which place in
corridors that pass-through Haryana are Haryana? [HSSC 2020, 15]
DMIC and AKIC. While DMIC stands for (a) Bahadurgarh (b) Gurugram
Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor, AKIC (c) Rohtak (d) Bhiwani
stands for .............. . [HSSC 2020] 14. Hindustan Machine Tools is situated where
(a) Ahmedabad Kanyakumari Industrial in Haryana? [HSSC 2016]
Corridor (a) Faridabad (b) Ambala
(b) Ambala Kanyakumari Industrial Corridor (c) Gurugram (d) Pinjore
(c) Amritsar Kolkata Industrial Corridor
15. Which city in Haryana is also referred as
(d) Aurangabad Kohima Industrial Corridor
Hub of IT industry?
5. Which among the following area developed [HSSC 2020, Group D 2018]
as a result of locational advantage to NCR? (a) Panipat (b) Gurugram
(a) Sonipat (b) Bhiwani (c) Sonipat (d) Jind
(c) Panchkula (d) Hisar
16. Construction industry is mainly
6. Where in Haryana, is Yakult plant set up? concentrated in which place of Haryana?
(a) Panipat (b) Sonipat (a) Chandigarh (b) Hisar
(c) Rohtak (d) Bahadurgarh (c) Gurugram (d) Nuh
7. Where was the first cotton mill started in 17. Which city is considered biggest industrial
Haryana? [PGT 2016] city of Haryana? [HSSC 2018, 15]
(a) Hisar (b) Kaithal (a) Panipat (b) Faridabad
(c) Bhiwani (d) Mahendragarh (c) Ambala (d) Ballarpur
8. The Benton group has its production unit in 18. Which of the following industry is not
which city of Haryana? [HSSC 2019] related to Faridabad? [Group D 2018]
(a) Bhiwani (b) Gurugram (a) HMT (b) Rubber Tyres
(c) Faridabad (d) Panipat (c) Tractor (d) Refrigerator
214 Know Your State Haryana

19. Which city has a textile and carpet industry 30. Liberty Shoe factory is situated where in
and is also known as city of weavers? Haryana? [HSSC 2017, 16]
[HSSC 2021, 20, 15] (a) Ambala (b) Panipat
(a) Ambala (b) Panipat (c) Dharuhera (d) Karnal
(c) Karnal (d) Bhiwani
31. Which place in Haryana has a flourishing
20. Which factory is situated in Baholi in industry of a special kind of footwear ‘Tilla
Panipat? [HSSC 2019, 16] Jutti’? [PGT 2016]
(a) Cement (b) Sugar (a) Rewari (b) Jagadhri
(c) Fertilizer (d) Oil refinery (c) Hisar (d) Fatehabad
21. Which place is famous for Durrie making? 32. Which of the following is known as ‘Brass
[HSSC 2020] city’ of Haryana? [HSSC 2019]
(a) Rohtak (b) Ambala (a) Rewari (b) Narnaul
(c) Panipat (d) Gurugram (c) Kaithal (d) Kundli
22. In which of the following districts, Kundli is 33. Dharuhera industrial area is situated
located? where in Haryana? [HSSC 2018]
(a) Sonipat (b) Panipat (a) Kernal (b) Rewari
(c) Kaithal (d) Karnal (c) Panipat (d) Mahendragarh
23. The city of Sonipat is popular for which 34. Which district of Haryana has Hero
industry? [HSSC 2019, 17, PGT 2016] Motorcycle Factory? [HSSC 2016]
(a) Sugar Industry (b) Stationery (a) Faridabad (b) Rewari
(c) Bicycle Industry (d) Steel Industry (c) Palwal (d) Sirsa
24. Shori Bazar in Rohtak, Asia’s largest 35. Which district of Haryana is one of the
market is for .............. . [HSSC 2017] largest Producer of iron pipes?
(a) Grain (b) Auto spare parts [HSSC 2019, 16]
(c) Cloth (d) Wood (a) Ambala (b) Panchkula
25. Which district of Haryana is known as (c) Hisar (d) Kurukshetra
Wood Mandi of Abdullahpur? [Patwari 2016] 36. Which city is called as steel city of
(a) Kaithal (b) Karnal Haryana? [HSSC 2020, 18]
(c) Yamunanagar (d) Sirsa (a) Gurugram (b) Hisar
26. Jagadhri where the maintenance of (c) Bhiwani (d) Kaithal
Shatabdi trains is undertaken is situated in 37. Sanitary wards production are clustered
the district of .............. . where in Haryana? [TGT 2016]
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Sirsa (a) Bahadurgarh (b) Kundli
(c) Panipat (d) Fatehabad (c) Samalakha (d) Hodal
27. In which year Railway Carriage and Wagon 38. Where is Pratapgarh farms situated in
Workshop was established in Haryana? [HSSC 2019]
Yamunanagar? [HSSC 2020, 19] (a) Jhajjar (b) Hisar
(a) 1952 (b) 1972 (c) 1962 (d) 1942 (c) Karnal (d) Fatehabad
28. Due to production of scientific equipments 39. Sugar mills are concentrated where in
which city in Haryana is nicknamed as Haryana? [HSSC 2016]
Science city? [HSSC 2019] (a) Shahabad (b) Ladwa
(a) Panipat (b) Gurugram (c) Pehowa (d) Thanesar
(c) Faridabad (d) Ambala
40. Identify the wrong match [HSSC 2018]
29. Mahendragarh in Haryana is famous for (a) Bata Shoe-Faridabad
what? [HSSC 2019, 18] (b) Rajdoot Motors-Faridabad
(a) Lac bangles (b) Metal Works (c) HMT-Faridabad
(c) Leather Works (d) Stationary (d) Atlas-Sonipat
Industries in Haryana 215

41. Which institution helps in developing Khadi 49. National Institute of Design in Kurukshetra
industries in Haryana? [PGT 2016] is developed by which government
(a) Haryana Khadi Board institution?
(b) Haryana Khadi and Village Industries Board (a) HAICL (b) HSIIDC
(c) Haryana Industrial Board (c) HEPB (d) HKVIB
(d) Haryana Village Development Board
50. DLF SEZ is at .............. .
42. In which year Haryana Khadi and Village (a) Faridabad (b) Rohtak
Industries board was formed? [HSSC 2018] (c) Jhajjar (d) Gurugram
(a) 1969 (b) 1970
51. In which of the following districts Reliance
(c) 1968 (d) None of these
has set up its SEZ? [PGT 2015]
43. In which of the following years, HSIDC (a) Jhajjar (b) Ambala
came into existence? [PGT 2015] (c) Panchkula (d) Faridabad
(a) 1965 (b) 1967 (c) 1969 (d) 1971
52. In which place Economic SEZ was
44. Which of the following statements is/are established? [Group D 2018]
correct about HSIDC? (a) Rohtak (b) Ambala
I. It is responsible for providing financial (c) Mahendragarh (d) Gurugram
services to industries in the state.
II. It is responsible for industrial 53. Recognising the strength of Special
infrastructure development in the state. Economic Zone, the state of Haryana came
Select the correct answer using the codes with Haryana Special Economic Zone Act in
given below the year
(a) Only I (b) Only II (a) 2004 (b) 2005
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II (c) 2006 (d) 2007
45. Which of the following organisation is 54. Gems and Jewellery Park is develop in
responsible for making industrial model which district of Haryana?
township in Manesar? [HSSC 2020] (a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram
(a) Haryana State Urban Development (c) Panipat (d) Rohtak
Corporation 55. Which among the following places in
(b) Haryana Enterprises Promotion Board Haryana is being developed as a storage
(c) Haryana State Industrial and and warehouse hub?
Infrastructure Development Corporation
(a) Rewari (b) Faridabad
(d) The Government of India
(c) Panipat (d) All of these
46. Which of the following organisations is
responsible for industrial infrastructure 56. Where is export promotion industrial park
development in the state? located in Haryana?
(a) Haryana State Industrial Development (a) Kundli (b) Bahadurgarh
Corporation (c) Panchkula (d) Pehowa
(b) State PWD Department 57. NIRBAADH is a part of which industrial
(c) State Government of Haryana policy of Haryana?
(d) State Industry Government (a) 1966 policy (b) 2015 policy
47. On which date the New Enterprises (c) 2013 policy (d) 2018 policy
Promotion Policy came into effect? 58. Which of the following statements is
(a) 11th August, 2015 [HSSC 2016] incorrect?
(b) 11th September, 2015
(a) 40% of NCR falls in Haryana.
(c) 11th March, 2015
(b) Haryana is the leading producer of
(d) 11th April, 2015
automobiles in the country.
48. IMT (Industrial Model Township) Manesar (c) Haryana is the largest producer of Basmati
is located in which district of Haryana? rice in India.
(a) Hisar (b) Faridabad (d) Haryana is the largest exporter of software
(c) Gurugram (d) Karnal in the country.
216 Know Your State Haryana

59. Consider the following statements 61. Match the following

I. DMIC (Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor) List-I List-II
covers more than 66% area of the state. (Industrial Estate) (District)
II. Almost 13 districts come under the
influence of DMIC. A. Kundli 1. Fatehabad

III. It passes through 4 states including B. Samalkha 2. Sonipat

Haryana.
C. Tohana 3. Gurugram
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? D. Roz-ka-Meo 4. Panipat
(a) I and III (b) I and II
(c) II and III (d) All of these Codes
A B C D A B C D
60. Match the following (a) 2 4 1 3 (b) 1 2 3 4
List-I (Institute) List-II (Location) (c) 4 1 2 3 (d) 3 2 1 4
A. National Institute of Food and 1. Rohtak 62. Match the following
Technology
List-I (Industry) List-II (District)
B. Indian Institute of Corporate 2. Murthal
Affairs A. Cement 1. Ambala

C. State Institute of Film and 3. IMT, Manesar B. Sugar 2. Gurugram

Television
C. Automobiles 3. Sonipat
D. Central Institute of Plastic 4. Kundli
Engineering and Technology D. Scientific Instruments 4. Surajpur

Codes Codes
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3 (b) 4 1 3 2 (a) 1 3 2 4 (b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 1 2 4 3 (d) 4 3 1 2 (c) 3 4 2 1 (d) 4 3 2 1

Answers
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (d)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (a)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (c) 49. (b) 50. (d)
51. (a) 52. (d) 53. (c) 54. (b) 55. (d) 56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (d)
61. (a) 62. (d) 63. () 64. () 65. () 66. () 67. () 68. () 69. () 70. ()
CHAPTER 15
Transport and
Communication in Haryana
l People use means of transport and mass
communication to transport various goods,
services and ideas from one place to another.
l The Transport Department of Haryana
provides adequate, well coordinated, safe and
efficient transport services.
Transport System in Haryana
l Transport system is completely developed in
Haryana. 13 districts of Haryana lie in NCR
and adjoining areas due to which the
infrastructural development including
transport system is well advanced in the state.
l Most popular and commercially important road
of Haryana is Grand Trunk road. It is NH-1
and passes through the North-East of Haryana.
This road is also called ‘Sher Shah Suri road’
and has great historical importance.
l The transport system of Haryana is divided
into 3 main categories: Road transport; Rail
transport and Air transport.
The transport systems in Haryana are discussed
below:
Road Transport in Haryana
l In Haryana, all villages, towns and districts are
connected with all weather metalled roads.
l At the time of its formation, the total roadway
in the state was 5100 km.
l Haryana has 1.19% of the total road network
in India.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, the total
road length in Haryana is 27235 km.
l The road density of Haryana is 104.69 per
square km. Ambala has the highest road
density of metalled road and the lowest density
of road is found in Jind district.
l Hisar district has largest road length
(2108 km) and smallest road length is in
Faridabad district (522 km).
l The state received ARSTU Trophy for
maximum improvement in vehicle in the
year 2008-09.
l In Haryana, PPP model is adopted for
development of bus-stands. Two bus-stands
i.e. Pipli (Kurukshetra) and Rajiv Chowk
(Gurugram) are operating by this mode.
l The Haryana State Agricultural Marketing
Board has constructed village roads to link
them to the districts.
l The board has constructed around 11216 km
of roads in villages of which the longest road is
built in Sirsa (1642 km).
l Bhiwani district has the highest length of
National Highway (313 km) while Fatehabad
district has the shortest length of National
Highway.
218 Know Your State Haryana

l 182.58 km of road is available per lakh Some major National Highways in

population of the state. Haryana are as under:
l The maximum length of roads per lakh Length
NH No. Route
(km)
population of the state is in Bhiwani district
NH-2 Eastern Peripheral Expressway around 44
and the lowest is in Faridabad district.
in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana
l The state has 4 Driving Training Centers in NH-5 Ambala-Panchkula-Pinjaur 28.3
Bahadurgarh (in association with Maruti NH-7 Punjab-Panchkula, Raipur 39.5
Udyog), Kaithal (in association with Ashok Rani, Ghanana in the State
Leyland), Bhiwani (in association with Central of Haryana-Himachal Pradesh
Government) and Mewat. NH-9 Bahadurgarh- Rohtak 285.9
Hansi-Hisar-Fatehabad-Sirsa
The roads of Haryana are divided into 3
categories which are as follows: NH-11 Narnaul No-352-Rewari 88
NH-44 Ambala- Pipli-Karnal- Sonipat-Mathura 257.8
1. National Highways
NH-48 Gurugram- Dharuhera 83.3
2. State Highways
NH-52 Hisar 143.2
3. Major District Roads NH-54 Dabwali 38.5
1. National Highways NH-105 Pinjaur-Karanpur-Himachal Pradesh 17.5
border
l National Highways connect remote parts of
NH-148A Gurugram 6
the country.
NH-152 Kaithal-Ambala-Panchkula 122
l National Highways are constructed and
NH-248A Sahpura-Alwar, Ramgarh, 111
maintained by the National Highways
NH-254 Dabwali (NH No-54) 47
Authority of India (NHAI). It connects every
major city of India whether ports, capital of NH-334B Sonipat-Kurukshetra-Jhajjar- Charkhi 180
Dadri-Loharu
states, etc.
NH-344 Its Ambala Yamunanagar 109.4
l About 2.0% part of the total National NH-352 Rohtak-Jhajjar-Rewari 186.1
Highways in India is in Haryana.
NH-444A Junction with NH No-44 near Ambala- 44
l As per the National Highway Authority of No-44 at Sahabad
India, the total length of National Highways NH-703 Sardulgarh-junction with new NH-9 15
in Haryana is 3097.6 km (November, 2018). near Sirsa
l According to National Highways Authority of NH-709 Rohtak-Panipat-Bhiwani 188.3

India, till November, 2018, the longest NH in NH-907 Yamunanagar (NH-73)- Jagadhri 45.9
Chhachhrauli-Himachal Pradesh
the state is NH-9 (285.9 km) and shortest is border
NH- 148 A (6 km).
NH-919 Rewari-Palwal 67.9
l NH-1 passes through the districts of Sonipat, Source: National Highway Authority of India
Panipat, Karnal, Kurukshetra and Ambala in
North Haryana and after passing from Delhi, 2. State Highways
it enters Faridabad on way to Agra. l The State Highways are roads that links
l NH-9 passes through 6 districts of Haryana. important cities, towns and district
headquarters in the state. Its maintenance is
l NH-10 passes through Haryana and connects done by the State Public Work Department
Delhi-Punjab and Fazilka. (PWD).
Transport and Communication in Haryana 219

l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, the total Transport Department of Haryana

length of State Highways in Haryana is l Haryana transport department has two
1602 km. wings-Commercial wing and Regulatory
l The shortest State Highway in Haryana is wing. The commercial wing operates the
SH-6(A), with the length of 3.70 km and Haryana Roadways buses.
longest is SH-12 with the length of l At the time of formation of state, Haryana
192.32 km. Transport Corporation limited was a public
Lengt sector undertaking and had two regional
State Highway Route
h (km) transport authorities. In 1987, the state
SH-1 Jagadhri- Bilaspur- 63.90 government appointed three new regional
Sadhaura-Narayangarh- transport authorities.
Raipur Rani Road
l At present, the state has regional transport
SH-2 Surewala-Chowk- Fatehabad 50.01 offices in every district that is run entirely by
SH-4 Kala Amb-Sadhaura- Shahbad 75.50 Haryana roadways.
SH-5 Saharanpur-Ambala 15.14 l Before 1972, there was 50% partnership of
SH-6 Saharanpur-Radaur-Pipli- Pehowa 103.64 private sector in roadways buses. Now it is
SH-6-(A) Jagadhri-Paonta 3.70 entirely owned by State Government.
SH-7 Karnal-Ladwa-Shahbad 59.25
State Government Initiatives for
SH-8 Kunjpura-Karnal-Kaithal- 95.85
Khanauri
Road Transport
SH-9 Kaithal-Pehowa-Patiala 60.25
The transport department of Haryana has
initiated various services and schemes for the
SH-10 Gohana-Jind-Barwala- 134.78
Agroha-Adampur-Bhadra development of road transport in Haryana.
These are as follows:
SH-11 Meerut-Sonipat-Gohana- 166.81
Assandh-Kaithal-Patiala
Sarthi
SH-12 Karnal-Assandh-Jind- 192.32
Hansi-Tosham
lOperation of air-conditioned bus services
started under this scheme.
SH-14 Panipat-Safidon-Jind- 129.78
Bhiwani-Loharu lThe main objective of this scheme is to provide
SH-22 Bahadurgarh-Jhajjar-Kosli 77.6
world class bus services to the passangers. For
this, Haryana Transport Corporation has also
SH-24. Rewari-Kanina- 92.45
Mahendragarh-Loharu tied up with Volvo Company.
SH-32 Sirsa-Rania-Jeevannagar 70.43
lPresently, Sarathi bus service is being operated
SH-33
on several routes of the states.
Nilokheri-Dandrodhi 28.64
lThe ‘Sarathi’ Volvo air-conditioned bus service
3. Major District Roads has also been started on the national capital
l These roads connect the villages and blocks to Delhi-Chandigarh-Gurugram road.
the districts. Haryana Gaurav
l There roads are constructed and maintained lHaryana State Transport Corporation runs
by Municipalities and Village Panchayats. regular buses to link various places within
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, the length the state through roadways with nominal fares.
of these roads in Haryana is 22550 km. This service is known as Haryana Gaurav.
220
l The buses in this service provide deluxe
facilities at ordinary fare. These are popular by
the name ‘Aam Adami Ki Khas Bus’.
l Under the Haryana Gaurav Bus Service,
comfortable facilities like FM radio, phone
charger, machine operated doors and windows
are provided to the passengers.
Haryana Uday
lThe state has started Haryana Uday which is a
CNG bus service.
lThe aim of this scheme is to provide pollution
free bus services to the National Capital Delhi
which will help to reduce pollution level in
the state.
lUnder this scheme, low floor CNG buses are
provided on Delhi-Gurugram route and
Delhi-Faridabad route.
lThis scheme is being extended to Panchkula,
Rohtak and all the areas of Gurugram and
Faridabad.
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, proper
arrangements for clean water and cleanliness at
bus stations are being made to the passengers.
The State Government is currently constructing
eco-friendly bus terminals.
Harpath
lIt is a mobile application developed with the
objective of providing pothole free roads.
lIt uses Harpath app and Geospatial
technologies to help people in reporting their
grievances about damaged roads, accident
black spots and online tracking of complaint.
lThe app is developed by State Government in
collaboration with National Remote Sensing
Centre and National Information Centre.
lGPS based vehicle tracking system has been
introduced in 400 buses of Haryana roadways.
Know Your State Haryana
l The state has 16 training centres for light
vehicle driving and a training centre for
driving of heavy vehicles at Murthal (Sonipat).
l Three Institutes of Driving Training and
Research (IDTR) are located at Bahadurgarh,
Kaithal and Rohtak.
l A fourth IDTR is being set up in Kaluwas
village of Bhiwani district.
l The state has 24 bus depots, 13 sub-depots
and 7 departmental driving training schools.
l Haryana Roadways has a fleet of 4100 buses at
present, which carry an average of 10.87 lakh
passengers every day.
Haryana State Road Agencies
The agencies that operate under the Department
of Transport in Haryana are as follows:
Haryana Roadways Engineering Corporation
(HREC), Gurugram
l
This corporation was incorporated in November,
1987 and is registered under Companies Act, 1956.
Initially, at the time of its incorporation, the
authorised share capital of this corporation was
` 2.00 crore and now it has been gradually increased
upto ` 6.60 crore.
The main objectives of the HREC are as under :
— To promote, establish, administer and manage
Bus Body Building Workshop.
— To manufacture bus bodies according to design
and specifications approved by the company and
to import and export buses.
Haryana State Roads and Bridges
Development Corporation Limited
lThis institution is engaged in the construction,
repair and activities related to the maintenance
and making of bridges, pavements, tunnels,
bye passes, etc.
lIt works under Haryana Public Works
Department on Public-Private-Partnership
(PPP) basis.
Transport and Communication in Haryana
Expressways in Haryana
Expressways are 6-8 lane highways that are made
to ease off the traffic on National Highways.
Haryana has three expressways which are as
follows:
Panipat Elevated Expressway
lIt is an elevated expressway located in Panipat,
Haryana. This expressway was built to ease the
traffic on NH-1 between Delhi and Panipat. It
is 10 km long.
lThe entire stretch has been developed to a
6-lanes access control highway. The main
6-lanes part of this elevated expressway is in the
middle of Panipat city, the length of which is
3.6 km. This 3.6 km flyover is the longest
6-lanes flyover in India today.
lThis Build Operate Transfer (BOT) Project
has been executed by L & T Panipat Elevated
Corridor Limited (PECL).
KMP and KGP Expressway
lKMP (Kundli-Manesar-Palwal) Expressway
It is also known as Western Peripheral
Expressway. It is a 135.6 km long 6-lane
expressway in Haryana. It is a major network
line of the state started in 2006 by Central
Government.
lThe expressway acts as a Delhi byepass for
traffic coming from North of Delhi on NH-1,
NH-2 and going to South of Delhi or West of
Delhi on NH-8 and NH-10.
lIt starts from Sonipat (Kundli) and goes to
Palwal via Gurugram (Pachgaon), Mewat
(Rozka Meo Industrial Area).
lIt passes through Bahadurgarh, Nuh, Sohna,
Manesar, Hathin, etc towns of Haryana.
lKundli-Ghaziabad-Palwal (KGP) Expressway
It is a 6-lane expressway linking Kundli and
Palwal in Haryana via Ghaziabad.
lIt is also known as Eastern Peripheral
Expressway. It is a 135 km long expressway.
221
l The expressway start from Kundli, Sonipat,
passing through Baghpat, Ghaziabad and
Noida districts in UP and Faridabad district in
Haryana.
Dwarka Expressway
lIt is a Northern Peripheral Road or
NH-248-BB (8-lane) which is under
construction on the highway connecting Delhi
to Gurugram. This expressway has been
planned as an alternate road link to ease traffic
situation on the Delhi-Gurugram Expressway.
lIt is 28 km long expressway, of which 18 km is
in Haryana (Gurugram) and 10 km is in Delhi
(Dwarka).
lIndia’s largest and Asia’s second largest toll gate
consisting of 32 lanes is situated on this
expressway.
lIt has been constructed on the border of Delhi
NCR and Haryana.
lThe expressway is a part of the Golden
Quadrilateral Project, which itself is a part of
the National Highway Development Project
(NHDP). Golden Quadrilateral Project
emphasises on improving road connectivity
between four metropolitan cities of India,
namely Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata
by developing 4-6 lane highways between them.
New Transport Policy of Haryana
Government, 2017
The State Government had changed the
Transport Policy, 2016 and approved the Stage
Carriage Scheme in the year 2017. The main
functions of this policy are as follows:
l The Transport Department will allow the firms
which operate private bus services to run buses
on 452 routes in the state. Any private company
can apply to operate a private bus service.
l According to this policy, permits granted
under the ‘City Bus Service Scheme’ in the
year 2004 will also be valid.
222
l Under this policy, the right to determine the
terms and conditions for private bus service
provider companies was concentrated by the
State Government.
l To use any vehicle in the state as a ‘traffic
vehicle’, it is necessary to take approval under
section 66 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.
All private buses operating in the state are
allowed under this act only.
Road Safety and Awakening
l
Road Safety Clubs’ have been constructed in all
Government colleges of the state, which aim to
make students aware of the subject of road safety.
The State Government also announced a Safe
School Vehicle Policy to ensure the safety of
students.
The major functions of this policy are as follows:
— It has been made mandatory to instal CCTV
cameras and GPS in all school buses.
— It is mandatory to have a female attendant in
school buses.
l
The State Government has formed a committee
under the chairmanship of K.S. Radhakrishnan in
order to take up the analysis of road safety related
measures.
l
The State Government announced the State Road
Safety Policy in the year 2016. Under this policy, the
State Transport Department was entrusted with the
task of lead agency to ensure road safety.
l
The State Transport Department will function under
the Secretariat of the State Road Safety Council.
Railway Transport in Haryana
l At the time of formation of the state,
3245.11 km railway line was present in the
state, in which the length of the meter gauge
line was 2985.55 km and that of narrow guage
was 259.56 km.
l The oldest railway station of Haryana is
Rewari Railway Station.
l At present, the state has about 4439.16 km of
railway track of which meter gauge lines are
4178.31 km and narrow gauge lines are
260.85 km.
Know Your State Haryana
l First Private Sector Rail Project was initiated in
the Gurugram district.
l Rail Network in Haryana falls under three
Railway Zones and five Railway Divisions.
l The zones are North Western Railway Zone
(Bikaner and Jaipur divisions); Northern
Railway Zone (Delhi and Ambala divisions)
and North Central Railway Zone (Agra
division).
l Ambala division of Indian Railways is the
headquarters of Northern Railway Zone.
It consists of 1118.53 km of railway line.
It also consists of narrow gauge line of
96.54 km.
l The Delhi division covering 1470.68 km of
railway line runs through various parts of
Haryana.
l Ferozpur division has 1849.95 km railway line
and 164.31 km narrow gauge line.
l The state also has a narrow guage track
starting from Kalka of Panchkula district
running upto Shimla.
l The State has the record to run the first CNG
train from Rewari to Rohtak on 15th January,
2015.
l Rewari-Jhajjar rail route was operational in the
year 2013.
l There is no railway line and railway station in
Nuh town of Mewat district.
Main Railway Routes in Haryana
lHaryana is connected to all parts of India by
broad gauge railway line. The main railway
station of Haryana is Chandigarh.
lThe major railway stations in Haryana are
Ambala Cantonment, Ambala City,
Bahadurgarh, Ballabhgarh, Bawal, Bhiwani,
Bhiwani City, Faridabad, Gurugram, Hisar,
Jagadhri, Jakhal Junction, Karnal,
Kurukshetra, Loharu, Mahendragarh, Palwal,
Sirsa, Sonipat and Kalka.
Transport and Communication in Haryana
There are three important rail routes in Haryana
which are as follows:
Delhi-Rewari-Alwar Rail Route
l This is the oldest rail route in Haryana and
passes through Southern part of the state.
l The first railway line was built in Haryana
between Delhi and Rewari in 1873. This was
first meter guage commercial line.
l This rail route is a part of Jaipur division of
North West Railway Zone. The Rewari
Junction (established in 1873) lies on
Delhi-Jaipur-Ahmedabad rail line. It is the
biggest and oldest railway junction Haryana.
l At present (2020-21), the Delhi-Rewari rail
route works under the Delhi Division of
Northern Railway. However, Rewari Junction is
still part of the Jaipur division of the
North-Western Railway zone.
l One branch of the Rewari-Bhatinda railway
line connects Bhiwani with Rohtak via
Kalanaur and another branch Hisar with Jakhal
via Barwala. Another rail route from Hisar
connects Hisar to Bhiwani via Churu
(Rajasthan).
This rail routes connect Rewari to different
places. They are:
1. Rewari-Delhi rail route
2. Rewari-Bawal-Alwar rail route
3. Rewari-Narnaul-Ringas Rajasthan rail route
4. Rewari-Kanina-Mahendragarh-Satnali
-Loharu rail route
5. Rewari-Dadri-Bhiwani- Hansi-Hisar-Sirsa
-Bhatinda rail route
6. Rewari-Rohtak rail route
Delhi-Ambala-Amritsar Route
lThis rail route passes from Eastern part of the
state and goes to North connecting Delhi to
the places of Sonipat, Panipat, Karnal,
Kurukshetra and Ambala, reaching upto
Amritsar in Punjab.
223
l Another line from Ambala connects Delhi to
Chandigarh.
l The last station of this line is Kalka in
Panchkula district from which a narrow gauge
line connects to Shimla passing through
Yamunanagar.
l This is the first line in the state that runs on
electricity. The Delhi-Ambala sector was
electrified in 1998, Ambala-Chandigarh in
1998-99 and Chandigarh-Kalka line in
1999-2000. Now, this line is electrified
upto Kalka.
l Ambala Cantonment area is the main
junction of this route and 5th busiest route of
India. The Delhi-Kalka route, Ambala-Atari
route and Ambala-Moradabad route passes
through this junction.
l The headquarters of the Northern Railway
zone is located in Ambala. The headquarters
regulates rail transport in more than half of
Haryana and Punjab.
Delhi-Jind-Firozpur Route
lThis rail route connects Delhi to Central and
Western parts of the state viz. Bahadurgarh,
Rohtak, Jind, Narwana, Tohana and Jakhal
upto Firozpur in Punjab.
lMajor railway junctions on this route are
Rohtak, Jind and Jakhal.
lThe Rewari-Jhajjar-Rohtak line connects this
route with Delhi-Rewari route.
Major Link Railway Routes of
Haryana
Apart from major rail routes, the state has 3 link
routes that connect different places within the
state. There are as follows:
(i) Rohtak-Gohana-Panipat Rail Route
This rail route connects Delhi-Jind-
Ferozepur rail route with the
Delhi-Ambala-Amritsar rail route at
Panipat junction.
224
(ii) Jind-Safidon-Panipat Link Rail
Route This rail route connects Jind to
Panipat Junction via Safido route.
(iii) Narwana-Kaithal-Kurukshetra Link Rail
Route This rail route connects Narwana
Junction to Kurukshetra Junction via
Kaithal.
Routes to Other States
The main railway routes passing through
Haryana are as follows:
lAmritsar-Delhi Rewari-Ahmedabad
l
lBhiwani-Rohtak-Delhi Ambala-Ferozepur
l
lDelhi-Ferozepur Kalka-Jodhpur
l
lKalka-Howrah Amritsar-Howrah
l
lDelhi-Shimla
New Railway Projects in Haryana
l Indian Railways is a new
Rohtak-Meham-Hansi railway line with an
estimated cost of ` 680 crore.
l Rohtak-Panipat railway line in Rohtak is to be
elevated to decongest the city with an
estimated cost of ` 315 crore.
Railway Heritage Museum, Haryana
l
It is located in Rewari district of Haryana.
Initially, steam locomotives were built here, but
in the year 2002, when steam locomotives went
out of circulation, it was made a heritage
museum.
l
It is the only steam locomotive museum in the
country. Steam engines were taken from here to
shoot the famous films ‘Gadar’ and ‘Bhaag
Milkha Bhaag’.
Metro Railway Network in Haryana
Various places of Haryana are connected to
Delhi via Delhi Metro Rail Network. Delhi
Metro provides quick services in these areas.
They are as follows:
Know Your State Haryana
Delhi-Gugugram Metro Rail
lFirst Metro Rail Network in Haryana started
in Gurugram in the year 2016.
lThe yellow line of Delhi metro rail connected
Southern part of Delhi i.e. Qutub Minar to
HUDA city centre in Gurugram.
lAt present, HUDA city centre metro service is
a 48.3 km long stretch that is connected to
Samaypur Badli of North Delhi. It is the
second longest metroline of Delhi metro.
lDelhi Metro has received approval to provide
metro services from Cyber city Gurugram to
Dwarka Sector-21 in Delhi.
lMetro plans are laid to develop the line to link
IFICO Chowk to Sohna road and Gurugram
to Dwarka Sector 21 directly.
Rapid Metro Rail, Gurugram
lRapid Metro is a fully elevated metro rail
system serving the city of Gurugram, Haryana
since 2013.
lIt is linked with Delhi Metro’s Yellow Line at
Sikandarpur and connects commercial areas of
Gurugram.
lRapid Metro Rail, Gurugram is India’s first
fully privately owned and operated metro.
lThe line is being operated by Rapid Metro
Rail Gurugram (RMGL), linking the major
satellite towns like Faridabad, Gurugram,
Bahadurgarh, Kundli, etc.
lRapid metro has a total length of 11.7 km
serving 11 stations.
▲ RAPID METRO RAIL, GURUGRAM MEBMLEEVE
Transport and Communication in Haryana
Delhi-Faridabad Metro Rail Route
lFaridabad is a major industrial town of
Haryana. It was connected to Delhi in three
phases.
lIn the first phase, Central Secretariat was
linked to Sarita Vihar on 3rd October, 2010.
In second phase, this line was extended to
Badarpur of Faridabad in 2011.
lIn third phase, the line was further extended to
Mujesar in 2015. It is the violet line of the
Delhi metro rail service.
lThis metro line connects Kashmiri Gate in
Delhi to Mujesar in Faridabad via Central
Secretariat.
lThe line will be further extended to connect
Ballabhgarh to Y.M.C.A. Chowk in Faridabad.
Mundka-Bahadurgarh Metro Rail
Route
lThe work of this line started in 2013 and was
completed by June 2018.
lThe route links Delhi to the border of
Bahadurgarh and provides western connectivity
of Haryana. It is the green line of Delhi metro
rail. There are total 7 metro stations on this
railway out of which 4 are in Delhi and 3 in
Haryana.
Narela-Kundli Metro Rail Route
lThis link will provide connectivity to Narela
in North of Delhi to Kundli in Sonipat. Under
this project, it is estimated to spend
` 968.2 crore.
lIt was started on 1st June, 2017. It is expected
to get completed by 2022.
National Freight Corridor
l To facilitate transportation of heavy Cargo and
to provide a strong infrastructural base to the
economy, the Central Government has initiated
the projects for high speed rail network.
225
l These are Diamond quadrilateral high speed
rail network, Eastern dedicated freight corridor
and Western dedicated freight corridor.
l The Eastern dedicated freight corridor will
pass through Ambala and Yamunanagar while
Western dedicated freight corridor will pass
through Rewari in Haryana.
Air Transport in Haryana
l It is an important means of transport in
Haryana for travelling of people and cargo.
Perishable goods and agro products are sent to
different parts of the country from Haryana
through air transport.
l The Civil Aviation Wing of Haryana
Government was formed on 1st November,
1966. The aviation department has set up
domestic as well as international airports
in Haryana.
l As per Economic Survey 2020-21, the state
has 5 civil aviation airstrips in Hisar, Bhiwani,
Karnal, Narnaul and Pinjore.
l The state has 2 flying training centres in
Karnal and Pinjore.
l The state has 6 airports that cater to national
and international traffic for both passengers
and cargo. They are Karnal, Hisar, Pinjore,
Narnaul, Bhiwani and Jind.
l Ambala, Bhilwara, Bhiwani, Hisar, Kalka and
Sirsa are air force stations that are highly
secure and cater to defence needs of the entire
Northern region of India.
l On 31st January, 2010, India’s First Aero
Sports Centre was established in the Narnaul
city near Bachhod Airstrip. It is known as
Rajiv Gandhi Aero Sports Centre.
l The state has Ambala Air Force base in
Ambala, Hisar flying club in Hisar, Karnal
flying club in Karnal and Pinjore flying club
in Pinjore.
226
Some important airports in Haryana are as
follows:
Chandigarh International Airport
lIt is an international airport. The runway of
this airport is located in Union Territory of
Chandigarh.
lThe Greater Mohali Area Development
Authority has connected this airport with
Punjab. It has every modern facility and is
mostly made with glass and steel.
lThis airport caters to 6 domestic airlines and
connects Chandigarh to 2 international and
15 domestic destinations. In 2014, aviation
companies were allowed to open their services
here.
lOn 11th September 2015, a new terminal at
this airport was inaugurated by PM Modi.
Chandigarh Airport is one of the most
important airports in the North India.
lIt serves the states of Punjab, Haryana and
Himachal Pradesh. About 28 takeoffs and
landings per day took place in this airport.
Hisar Domestic Airport
Hisar Domestic Airport is spread over 4194
acres of land. This airport is 165 km from Indira
Gandhi International Airport and 280 km from
Chandigarh International Airport.
The development of this airport is planned to be
completed in three phases:
(i) First Phase The airport was upgraded for
domestic flights in technical collaboration
with the Airport Authority of India which
was completed by December 2018.
(ii) Second Phase In this phase, the process of
construction of aero-city hub has been
completed. This airport is served by 6 or 7
seater aircraft.
(iii) Third Phase In this phase, the
international airport is expected to be
completed by the year 2024.
Know Your State Haryana
Karnal Airport
lIt is better known as Karnal Flying Club. This
is a small airstrip situated about 3 km East of
the city of Karnal.
lIt is being used for general aviation and pilot
training. The Flying Club has been running at
this airfield since 1967.
lIts operations were expanded in 1999 by
merging it with the Hisar Aviation Club and
Pinjore Aviation Club.
lThe Haryana State Government approved the
plans to develop the airport to operate domestic
passenger services under the UDAN scheme.
Cargo Airport
lThe government intends to set up an
international Cargo Airport in the National
Capital Region (NCR).
lSite for the project has been identified at
Bhaini Maharajpur and Bhaini Bhairon
villages in the state, which are in the NCR.
Gurugram Airstrip
lIt is also called Bhondsi airstrip or Silokhera
airstrip. It is located 10 km South of
Gurugram city centre. It is a small airstrip and
has just 1 runway.
lIt has been included in the UDAN-Regional
Connectivity scheme for operation of domestic
flights.
Narnaul Airstrip
This airstrip is mainly used by Rajiv Gandhi
National Centre for Aero Sports and it was
inaugurated in 2010.
Ambala Air Force Station
It is an air base East of the urban Ambala area. This air
base was first built in 1948, following the
Independence of India. It is used for military and
government flights. It is also used to fly in politicians
and other key people. The Indian Air Force base at
Ambala was attacked by the Pakistani Air Force in both
the 1965 and 1971 wars.
Transport and Communication in Haryana
Haryana Civil Aviation Training
Institute
l This is the state’s highest civil aviation training
institute. It was established on 1st November,
1966 for the purpose of providing aviation
training to pilots. The training centres are
located in Karnal and Pinjore.
l In 2008-09 and in 2012-13, Haryana Civil
Aviation Training Institute received the Runners
up trophy for Best Flying Training Institution.
The main functions of Haryana Civil Aviation
Training Institute are as follows :
— The institute undertakes development of
airstrips, helipads and also provides training
to the piolets.
— Management of materials required for
training and to arrange air transport for the
main persons of the state.
— To co-ordinate with training centers.
▲ HARYANA CIVIL AVIATION TRAINING INSTITUTE
Communication in Haryana
Mass Communication System in
Haryana
Mass communication refers to the study and
analysis of resources that connect large parts of
the population, such as radio, television,
newspapers, magazines, etc.
The first Post Office Passport Seva Kendra of the
state was opened in Karnal on 25th March,
2017 and the 45th Post Office Passport Seva
Kendra of India was opened in Faridabad on
27th April, 2017.
227
Some popular communication systems of the
state are as follows:
Print Media
It consists of newspapers and magazines. They
remain important means of mass communication
in the state even after the advent of internet and
digital technology.
Newspaper
l The first newspaper printed in Haryana was
Hariyana which was published from Jhajjar.
Pandit Deen Dayal Sharma was its editor.
‘Refay Aam’ was the second newspaper edited
by him which also circulated in Haryana in
pre-Independence period.
l Another important newspaper from Haryana
was Jaat Samachar first published in 1889.
Its editor was Babu Kanhiya Lal.
l In 1916, ‘Jat Gazette’ was published from
Rohtak. Chaudhary Chotu Ram was its editor.
l Next important newspaper from Haryana was
Hariyana Tilak first published in 1923. It was a
weekly newspaper published in Urdu and Hindi
language from Rohtak. Since then many
newspapers have come up in the state.
l ‘Jyotish Martand’ was started from Gurugram
in 1925. ‘Brahmin Samachar’ started from
Jagadhri, ‘Sawdhan’ from Bhiwani, ‘Audichya
Brahmin’ newspaper was published from
Karnal in the same year.
l The newspapers started in 1926 were ‘Bhakti’
Editor Surdevi, ‘Medh Prabhakar’ edited by
Nanu Verma and ‘Ahir Hiteshi’ edited by Rao
Ganeshi Lal.
l Pandit Prahlad Verma published ‘Jyotish
Samachar’ from Rewari in 1928.
l Sri Sharma started ‘Haryana Tilak’ in Urdu
from 1929.
l Sandesh was started by Pandit Neki Ram
Sharma in 1930. Kirti Prasad Jain initiated
‘Aatmanand’ in the same year.
228 Know Your State Haryana

l Gram Sewak was started by Hardev Sahay l Tameer-e-Haryana It is an Urdu magazine

in 1936 and ‘Sewak’ in 1941. published from Haryana from 2008.
l In 1943, ‘Dharamkshetra’ was published from l Ubharta Haryana It is a trendy magazine in
Kurukshetra, ‘Vishwa Vyapi Sanatan Dharam’ Haryana that discusses latest issues related to
from Ambala and ‘Kayakalp’ from Safedon. economy, society and polity.
l From Hisar, first newspaper was ‘Gyanodaya l Harigandha It is a magazine published by
Patra’ published in 1948 whose editor was Sahitya Akademi of Haryana. It was started
Brahmanand. in 2011. It encourages new talent by
l From 1950, two newspapers started publishing their works. The magazine also has
publishing. They were ‘Rangila Musafir’ edited an electronic version.
by Pyarelal from Hisar and ‘Haryana Sandesh’ l Haryana Kheti It is a magazine published by
edited by Amar Jyoti and Mahesh Chandra. Haryana Agricultural University.
l Monthly newspaper ‘Vijayanand’ was l Shiksha Saarthi It is a magazine published by
published from Ambala in 1956 whose editor Department of Haryana Agricultural University.
was Aatmaram Jain.
Newspapers and their Editors
l Weekly newspaper Chetna was published in
1957 whose editor was Rabindra Nath Vashisth. Newspaper Editors
l ‘Haryana Kesari’ was started in 1958 from Haryana Sandesh Mahesh Chandra
Bhiwani under Banarasi Das Gupt and Rangeela Musafir Pyarelal Sharma
K.B. Dutta. Amar Jyoti Ramcharikh
l Dainik Haribhoomi is the first National Sudharak Acharya Bhagwan Dev
Newspaper published on 5th September, 1996 Hindi Mewat Gumani Rai Arya
from Rohtak.
Haryana Kesari Mushi Ram
l Haryana’s first Hindi newspaper Jain Prakash
Anand Bhoomi Rajkumar Gupta
was published by Editor and Journalist Ziyalal
Adarsh Bharat Dhanraj
Jain in the year 1985.
Chetna Devavrat Vashisht
Magazines
Haryana Samachar Ramdhari Gaud
Magazines are an important medium of
Bhola Insan Bharatham Sijgh Pawar
transferring the information to target groups. It
Vijay Anand Prithviraj Jain
is an important medium that showcases the
culture of a society. Gautam Vani Jitendra Kumar

Some of the famous magazines are as follows: Paigam-A-Watan Rooplal Mehta

l Haryana Samvad It is a monthly magazine Nari Kalyan Chandraprabhu Sharma
published up by Public Relations and Cultural Harijan Pukar Mrs. Kartar Devi
Affairs Department, Haryana. It is published Narnaul Magazine Bholaram Sharma
in Hindi language. It started publishing in Gram Sahyogi Dinanath Siddhantalankar
2008. It also started publishing in Punjabi
Vishleshan Jayanath Nalin
language from 2010.
Haryana magazine Manuhari Pathak
l Krishi Samvad It started its publication from
Munch Rakesh Vats
2008.
Sunahri Bharat Purushottam Lal Agarwal and VP
l Haryana Review It was started in 2008 in
Agarwal
English.
Transport and Communication in Haryana 229

Radio Theatre, Television and Radio Artists from Haryana

lIt is an extremely popular means of mass Name Description
communication in urban and rural areas of Pandit Harderam First Music composer and singer
Haryana. of Aakashvani, Delhi
Duliram Theatre personality of
lAkashvani Rohtak (AIR Rohtak) was the first Aakashvani, Delhi
radio station to be set up in Haryana on 8th
Ranbir Dahiya Stage artist and television actor
May, 1976.
Krishna Sharma Artist in Aakashvani and television
lSeveral other radio stations were also Ram Niwas Famous Theater artist
established in the state namely Akashvani Seema Dhankar Theatre, Aakashvani and
Kurukshetra on 24th June, 1991 and television artist
Akashvani Hisar on 26th January, 1999. Narendra Balhara Doordarshan and Aakashvani
lOther radio stations are Radio Sirsa, Radio artist
Mewat, Radio Karnal, Radio Ambala, and Karambir Saini Theatre and television actor
Radio Gurugram. Rajbala Phogat Doordarshan, theatre and
Aakashvani artist
lAlfaz-e-Mewat is a community radio station
Rajneesh Kaur Famous Theatre artist
established in 2012 to facilitate local
Mahavir Guddu Stage director, radio and
programmes. Radio Manav Rachna is a television actor
community radio station catering the student
Yash Tonk Stage and television actor
needs in the Aravalli Campus and Manav
Manish Joshi Stage and television actor
Rachna educational institutions.
Jaswant Singh Tohnavi Stage and television actor
lHisar also has a radio station catering
Ram Mehar Aakashvani Delhi artist
exclusively to agricultural universities and was
Nathu Dramatist in Aakashvani Delhi
launched in 26th January, 1999.
Dr. Sudhir Sharma Theatre artist
Television Dr. R.S. Waldia National level Theatre artist
lOn 1st November, 2012 the Television Studio Mahesh Vashist Famous Theatre artist
Centre alongwith Satellite Earth Station and Dr. Surendra Sharma Dramatist of National level
DD-2 transmitter was commissioned at Hisar. Dr. Vinod Sangwan State level artist of radio and
Narrowcasting from LPT, Hisar was also television
started simultaneously. Jagbir Rathi Theatre, radio and TV artist,
Dancer, Comic Poet and stage
lHisar Doordarshan Kendra is the only director
Programme Production Centre in Haryana, Angrez Kaur Theatre, TV and radio artist
located in Sector-13, Hisar. The inauguration Pinki Chaudhary Theatre, TV and radio artist
of the Kendra was done by the Union Minister Sumer Chand Sharma National level theatre personality
of Information and Broadcasting, Smt.
Gajendra Phogat Theatre, Aakashvani, Doordarshan
Sushma Swaraj in the presence of Shri Om artist
Prakash Chautala, the then Chief Minister of Praveen Kumari Singer in theatre, radio and
Haryana. It is operated by Prasar Bharati. television
lAt present, many satellite television channels Mahipal Theatre personality
operate in Haryana along with Doordarshan. Dharmpal Famous comedian and national
level dramatist
lThe state also has well equipped television
studios in Gurugram, Hisar, Sirsa, etc. Narsi Famous theatre personality
230
Mobile Communication
l Proper communication and good network
system is the decisive feature of an emerging
state like Haryana. Haryana offers a statewide
network for extremely effective
telecommunication facilities.
l Various private sector players such as Reliance
Infocom, Tata Teleservices, Bharti Telecom,
Idea and Vodafone Essar are operating in
the state for smooth and efficient
communication.
l BSNL has its operations in the state.
Gurugram, Faridabad, Bahadurgarh, Kundli
and Chandigarh are major cities that use
telecom services widely.
Information Technology (IT) in
Haryana
l It has a prominent and progressive role in
improving efficiency and effectiveness in
organisations.
l The State Government recognises the
importance of IT in catalysing economic
activity, in efficient governance and in
developing human resource.
l Haryana government encourages replacement
of traditional delivery system of public services
by IT driven system of governance that works
better, costs less and is capable of serving the
citizens’ needs with ease.
l The Haryana Government implemented its
Information Technology (IT) policy in 2002.
The policy was subsequently revised in 2017.
l This policy seeks to facilitate private domain
initiative in e-transition of Haryana by
providing critical infrastructure, systems
framework and enabling environment.
l Under this policy, there is a provision to
encourage technology, ITES/BPO industry.
l The government has also announced a policy
for technology Parks and IT corridors have
been established.
Know Your State Haryana
l To promote the IT sector, Information
Technology Park was established in 2008 in
Panchkula.
l Cyber City was started in Gurugram to
promote this sector.
Projects run by Haryana Electronics
and Information Technology
Department
State Data Centre
l In 2012, State Data Centre was established in
Haryana to provide backend digital services to
various governmental departments.
l 62 applications of State boards, corporations
and district headquarters are digitally
connected to data centre in Haryana.
State Wide Area Network
l The facility of internet connectivity and intra
connectivity in all government departments is
being provided through State Wide Area
Network (SWAN) in Haryana from 2007.
l The facilities provided under SWAN are data
transfer, video conferencing, etc in district
headquarters, Haryana Civil Secretariat,
Blocks and townships of Haryana.
Harsamadhan Portal
lIt is public grievance portal of Haryana
Government which is developed by National
Information Centre and Haryana State Centre.
lIn this portal, users can lodge their complaints
related to any government departments and
agencies online and the status of the lodged
complaints can also be checked online. It
brings transparency in the government system.
E-Disha Electronic Delivery of
Integrated Services of Haryana to All
l E-Disha Kendras are set up at district level and
at sub-division level.
l They provide services like birth certificate,
death certificate, land records, marriage
certificate, pension, insurance, passport,
driving licence, vehicle registration, etc.
Transport and Communication in Haryana
HALRIS and HRIS
lHaryana Land Record Information System
and Haryana Registration Information System
are developed for computerisation of all the
land records in the state of Haryana.
lBiswas is a software system developed for
Billing of water and sewerage by Public Health
Engineering Department.
lHaPPIS system of Haryana government has
the provision of disbursal of pension through
online method.
lJansahayak is an effective e-delivery system of
36 time bound services to citizens of Haryana.
Haryanvi Cinema
l The Haryana film industry is nicknamed as
Hariwood.
l The first film of Haryana was Harphool Singh
Jat Julani directed by Anand. It was released in
1970. ‘Beera Shera’ was a popular film that
came up in 1974 whose director was Anup
Singh. It was followed by Vir Ghatothkach in
1974. Its actor was Chandgiram.
l Haryana’s first commercially successful film,
Bahurani released in the year 1982.
l Chandrawal, the best film of the state, was
released in the year 1984.
l It was the first commercial super hit film in
the state. The lyrics of this film are very
popular.
l In the year 1984, the film named Bhabhi Ka
Aashirwad was also released and in 1985, two
films named Chail Galllyaan Jangi and Lado
Basanti were relased.
l In 2000, Aswini Chowdhary and Kumud
Chaudhary won the Indira Gandhi Award for
47th Best First Film of a Director at the
National Film Awards for the Haryanvi film
231
Lado Basanti. The producer of this film was
Kumud Chaudhary.
l ‘Pagadi: The Honour’ was released in 2015. It
is the first Haryanvi film which has received
two national awards. It received the title of
best Haryanvi film and its actress Baljinder
Kaur won best supporting actor (female)
award at 62nd National Film Awards.
l Haryanvi movie ‘Satrangi’ released in 2016
received the best film award in 63rd National
Film Awards. The actor was Yashpal Sharma.
l Devi Shankar Prabhakar is a successful
producer of Haryana film industry known to
make many successful films.
l Jayant Prabhakar has directed most number of
Haryanvi films.
l Jagat Jakhar is a popular and the best actor in
Haryana.
l Haryana has developed some districts as ideal
shooting locations which includes historical
places, ancient locations, beautiful gardens,
modern city and farm lands.
l They are in Kurukshetra, Hisar, Faridabad,
Gurugram, Ambala, Karnal, Panipat and
Panchkula.
Haryana Film Policy, 2018
l To generate employment and more
opportunities in the sector of film making and
production, the state government formulated
Haryana Film Policy on 17th October. 2018.
l Government has earmarked 50 per cent
budget allocation for films produced in
Haryanvi. According to this policy, subsidy to
share production cost will be given to 12 films
produced in Haryanvi language.
l Under this policy state will organise film
festival and give state awards for best film and
related awards.
232 Know Your State Haryana

l Under this policy various shooting locations Famous Cinema Personalities from
are developed in Haryana to encourage Haryana
bollywood movie makers, regional movie People of Haryana had made their mark not only
makers, documentary makers, mega movie in the Haryanvi film industry but also in
projects to shoot in Haryana. Bollywood.
List of Famous Haryanvi Films Major cinema personalities are described as
Year Title Year Title follows:
1968 Dharti 1987 Chhora Jaat Ka Deep Chand
1973 Beera Shera 1987 Gulaabo l He was born in 1884 in village Sihri Khanda
1982 Bahurani 1991 Jatani, Phool of Sonipat district. He was the disciple of
(First Commercial Badan, Mhara famous folklore Signer Sangi Chajju Ram.
successful Haryanvi Peehar Sansra
movie)
l Deep Chand carried the tradition of folklore
singing and in order to popularize song he
1984 Chandrawal (First
commercial superhit,
played folk instruments like Sarangi, Nagada
Haryanvi movie), and Dholak.
Sapne Ka Jikr l He developed the initial forms of
1985 Laado Basanti, 1991 Panghat, entertainment by playing local instruments
Bhanwar Chameli Muklava, along with stage acting and singing.
Lambardar, Ke
Supne Ka Jikr Khwaja Ahmed Abbas
1986 Mhari Dharti Mhari Maa 1991 Phaagan Aaya Re l He was born on 7th June, 1914 in the city of
1987 Jhanakdar Kangana 2000 Laado Panipat. He was a film director, screen writer,
1987 Bataeu 2011 Muthbhed-A novelist and a journalist.
Planned l He directed social-realist films and was highly
Encounter
acclaimed for Jaat Hindustani (showing Goa
1987 Chabilee 2012 Chandrawal-A liberation), Do Boond Pani (about water
1987 Chail Gabru 2012 Tera Mera Vaada crises) Dharti Ke Lal (about Bengal famine).
1987 Chhora Haryane Ka, 2015 Pagdi : The l His famous books are ‘Iqbal’, ‘I am not an
Chhori Sapele Ki Honour (Best Island’: Experiment in Autobiography, and
Haryanvi Film at
62nd National
so on.
Film Awards) l He is also known as a screen writer for writing
1988 Bairee (Bhaal Singh, 2004 Dhakad Chhora Raj Kapoor’s films like Awara, Shree 420,
Shoshi Ranjan) Bobby, Henna, Mera Naam Joker, etc.
2001 Chand Chakori 2014 Kunba, Maati l He won the Palme D award at first Cannes
Chandro Kare Pukaar Film Festival for his film Neecha Sagar (1946).
2014 Dear vs Ber l In 1969, he was awarded the Padma Shri by
2016 Satrangi, Nange Pairon 2019 Sadgi Indian Government.
ke Nishan
l Khwaja Ahmed died on 1st June, 1987 in
2020 Mudda 1993 Jaat Bombay.
Transport and Communication in Haryana
Usha Sharma
lShe is an acclaimed world renowned dancer
trained under Birju Maharaj. She is the first
woman in Haryana to dance on the stage of
Doordarshan.
lShe is best known for her performance in the
lead role of the Haryanvi movie ‘Chandrawal’
which released in 1984 and remains the
highest grossing Haryanvi film till date. She
has also played an important role in films
‘Kalyani’ and ‘Gharonda’.
lShe serves as the President of Haryana
Arts Council and is an executive
member of Haryana Pradesh Congress
Committee.
Sunil Dutt
lHe was born on 6th June, 1929 in Punjab
Province, British India (now in Pakistan).
After partition his family resettled in
Yamunanagar, Haryana.
l His real name was ‘Balraj Dutt’. He was an
Indian movie actor, producer, director and
politician. He also acted in some Punjabi
movies.
l His important movies are ‘Mother India’,
‘Waqt’, Mujhe Jeene Do’, etc. He also played
a leading role in politics.
l He became a Cabinet Minister of Youth
Affairs and Sports in 2004-05. He joined the
Indian National Congress Party in 1984 and
became Member of Parliament.
l He received Padma Shri in 1968. He died on
25th May, 2005.
233
Surendra Sharma
lHe is a famous comic poet of Haryana, born in
1945 in Nangal town of Mahendragarh.
lHis poems are in Marwari language and
showcases local dialect which is very popular
among the people.
lHe is known for his extempore and comic timing
and fondly called Char Laina Wala Poet.
lHe received the Padma Shri award in 2013.
OM Puri
lHe was born on 18th October, 1950 in Ambala
district of Haryana. He was a famous Indian
film actor.
lHe graduated from Film and Television
Institute of India.
lHe also played great roles in films of United
Kingdom and USA.
lHe received ‘Padma Shri’ in 1990. He produced
many films like Ghashiran Kotwal, Sadgati,
Ardhsatya, Mirch-Masala, Dahravi.
lHe died by heart attack on 6th January, 2017 in
Mumbai.
Satish Kaushik
lHe was born on 13th April, 1956 in
Mahendragarh, district of Haryana. He is a
producer and director of Hindi films.
lHe started his career as an assistant director to
Shekhar Kapoor in the film Masoom (1983).
He also played a role in this film.
lHe graduated from National School of
Drama in 1978. He is a producer of films like
‘Dhol’ and ‘Hungama’. He received the Filmfare
Best Comedian Award twice i.e. in 1990 and in
1997.
Naseeb Singh Kundu
lHe was born on 27th November, 1961 in Titoli
village of Rohtak district, Haryana.
lHe acted in many Haryanvi movies like
Chandrawal, Lado Basanti, Jar, Jameen,
Joru, etc.
234
Yashpal Sharma
lHe was born on 1st January, 1967, in Hisar
district of Haryana.
l He is an Indian film actor. He graduated from
National School of Drama in 1994.
l He started his career in the film Industry from
film ‘Hazaar Chaurasi ki Maa’ (1998).
l His famous films are Zindagi Ek Jua, Samar,
Pukar, Bavandar, Risk, Gangajal and Hazaron
Khawhishein Aisi (best known film), etc.
Sonu Nigam
lHe was born on 30th July, 1973 in Faridabad
district of Haryana. He is a famous Indian
playback singer.
lHe received the ‘Filmfare Best Male Playback
Award’ in 2003, ‘National Film Award for
Best Male Playback Singer’ in 2004 and
‘Star Screen Award for Best Male Playback’
in 2005.
Madhu Sharma
lShe was born on 8th January, 1976 in Pehowa
of Kurukshetra. She is a famous Ragni and
Saang singer of Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
l Her famous compositions are Main Suraj Tu
Meri Kiran Bagdo, Rang na Faikiyo, Pairon
Mein Pahri Payal, Ankhiyan Mein Ghalya
Kajal, etc.
Randeep Singh Hooda
lHe was born on 20th August, 1976 in Jassia
village, Rohtak. He is an Indian actor working
in Bollywood films.
lHe made his debut in films with Mira Nair’s
‘Monsoon Wedding’ in 2001. He is a
successful actor of Bollywood. His important
films are ‘Once Upon a Time in Mumbai’,
Kick’ and ‘Sarbjit’.
Mallika Sherawat
lShe was born on 24th October, 1976 as
Reema Lamba in Moth village in Hisar district
of Haryana to a Jat family.
lShe is an Indian actress who predominantly
works in Hindi language films. She is known
for her bold onscreen attitude in films.
lHer important films are ‘Murder’, ‘Khwaish’,
‘Pyar Ke Side Effects’ and so on.
Parineeti Chopra
lShe was born on 22nd October, 1988 in
Ambala. She is the cousin of famous actress
Priyanka Chopra.
lInitially, she worked as public relation advisor
for Yash Raj films and then started her career
in acting. Her famous movies are Ishqzaade,
Kesari, Daawat-e-ishq, Namaste England, etc.
Juhi Chawla
l She was born on 13th November, 1967 in
Sonipat district. She won the Miss India
Pageant in 1984. She is a famous actress of
1980s and 90s.
l She won several awards for her performances.
l Her famous movies are Qayamat Se Qayamat
Tak, Aaina, Darr, Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke,
etc.
Transport and Communication in Haryana 235

Popular Film Industry Artists from Haryana

Name Place Field
Ashwini Choudhary Rohtak Producer, Director
TP Agarwal Sonipat Producer, Director

Ashok Ghai Rohtak Producer, Director

Subhash Ghai Rohtak Producer, Director

Pankaj Butalia Ambala Producer, Director

JP Kaushik Rohtak Music Director
Sunil Dutt Yamunanagar Actor
Juhi Chawla Sonipat Actor
Randeep Hooda Rohtak Actor
Pooja Batra Rohtak Actor
Raj Tilak Panipat Actor
Mallika Sehrawat Hisar Actor
Himanshu Mallik Sonipat Actor
Satyen Kappu Panipat Actor
Mohit Ahlawat Panipat Actor
Manoj Kumar Yamunanagar Actor
Sonu Nigam Faridabad Singer
Satish Kaushik Mahendragarh Writer, Actor, Director
Richa Sharma Faridabad Singer
Jaswinder Narula Faridabad Singer
Sara Gurpal Fatehabad Actor
Sitarma Panchal Jind Actor
Rupinder Handa Sirsa Singer
Ritu Jalgan Jind Actor
Sapna Chaudhary Rohtak Singer, actor, dancer
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. The Grand Trunk Road does not pass 11. Haryana state holds record in winning
through which of the following districts? trophy for three times in ............ .
(a) Sonipat (b) Panipat (a) Highest availability of road transport
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Bhiwani (b) Largest fleet of buses
2. Grand Trunk Road is the part of .......... . (c) Lowest road accidents
(a) NH-1 (b) NH-2 (c) NH-8 (d) NH-10 (d) All of the above
3. Which district of Haryana has the highest 12. Which of the following districts does not lie
road density of metalled roads? on the route of NH-1?
(a) Ambala (b) Panchkula (a) Sonipat (b) Panipat
(c) Kaithal (d) Jhajjar (c) Hisar (d) Karnal
4. Which district of Haryana has the largest 13. The NH-2 in Haryana passes through the
length of metalled roads in the state? district of ............. .
[PGT 2016] (a) Gurugram (b) Kurukshetra
(a) Hisar (b) Kaithal (c) Karnal (d) Faridabad
(c) Bhiwani (d) Panipat 14. Dharuhera industrial area is located on
5. Which of the following is the longest which National Highway?
National Highway in Haryana? [PGT 2016] [Mandi Supervisor 2017]
(a) NH-71 (b) NH-9 (c) NH-65 (d) NH-73 (a) Delhi-Rohtak (b) Delhi-Agra
(c) Delhi-Jaipur (d) Delhi-Ambala
6. Which of the following is the shortest
National Highway of Haryana? 15. Delhi-Faridabad Skyway is a part of which
(a) NH-148A (b) NH-22 National Highway?
(c) NH-8 (d) NH-71 (a) NH-1 (b) NH-71 (c) NH-10 (d) NH-2

7. NH-1 enters the state of Haryana at which 16. NH-65 in Haryana starts from .......... .
place? (a) Ambala (b) Karnal
(a) Kundli (b) Kurukshetra (c) Bhiwani (d) Kurukshetra
(c) Panipat (d) Sonipat 17. Panipat Expressway is a part of which
8. World’s shortest and widest National National Highway?
Highway will be built in which place of (a) NH-1 (b) NH-2
Haryana? [Haryana Police Constable 2018] (c) NH-3 (d) NH-4
(a) Yamunanagar (b) Gurugram 18. KMP stands for........ . [HSSC 2016]
(c) Kaithal (d) None of these (a) Kundli-Manesar-Palwal
9. Which NH passes through Haryana which (b) Kundli-Meerut-Palwal
connects Delhi-Punjab and Fazilka? (c) Kundli-Madhya-Palwal
[HSSC 2021] (d) None of the above
(a) NH-65 (b) NH-8 (c) NH-2 (d) NH-10 19. The total length of Kundli-Manesar-Palwal
10. There are plans to build ring roads in which Expressway is ...... .
of the city of Haryana? [Haryana Police Sub-Inspector 2018]
(a) Ambala (b) Kurukshetra (a) 140 km (b) 135 km
(c) Sirsa (d) Bhiwani (c) 125 km (d) 150 km
Transport and Communication in Haryana 237

20. What is the length of Delhi-Gurugram 30. Which district of Haryana has no railway
Highway? line? [HSSC Shift Attendant 2016]
(a) 8 km (b) 18 km (a) Mahendragarh (b) Mewat
(c) 28 km (d) 38 km (c) Kaithal (d) Sirsa
21. Haryana Roadways Engineering 31. Which city in Haryana had the first metro
Corporation is situated at rail? [PGT 2016]
(a) Gurugram (b) Faridabad (a) Bhiwani (b) Hisar
(c) Panchkula (d) Sirsa (c) Gurugram (d) Karnal
22. Haryana Roadways Engineering 32. Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor will
Corporation (HREC) was incorporated in pass through which district of Haryana?
the year............. . [TGT 2016] (a) Ambala (b) Yamunanagar
(a) 1997 (b) 1987 (c) 1990 (d) 1980 (c) Rewari (d) Both (a) and (b)
23. Which regular bus service has been started 33. Which of the following is an airport in
by Haryana Government to link the cities of Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
Chandigarh-Delhi-Gurugram? (a) Indira Gandhi Airport
(a) Haryana Gaurav (b) Sarthi Service (b) Hisar Airport
(c) Haryana Uday (d) Haryana Link (c) Shivaji Airport
24. Which is a CNG Bus Service of Haryana? (d) Begumpet Airport
(a) Haryana Uday (b) Haryana Vikas 34. In which year, the Civil Aviation wing of
(c) Haryana Chalo (d) Haryana Sarthi Haryana Government was formed?
25. Where did the first train run in Haryana? (a) 1960 (b) 1966
[Mandi Supervisor 2018] (c) 1964 (d) 1972
(a) Narwana-Kaithal (b) Delhi-Rewari
35. In which district of Haryana a Civil
(c) Hisar-Sirsa (d) Delhi-Ambala
Aviation Airport is not located?
26. Where is the oldest railway and biggest (a) Hisar (b) Karnal
Station Junction of Haryana located, which (c) Rewari (d) Bhiwani
was established in 1873?
36. Which airstrip in Haryana is also called
[HSSC 2020, PGT 2016]
Silokhera Airstrip?
(a) Ambala (b) Rewari
(a) Narnaul (b) Gurugram
(c) Sirsa (d) Hansi
(c) Karnal (d) Hisar
27. Which city in Haryana is the headquarter of
Northern Railway Zone? 37. Ambala Air Force Station was built in....... .
(a) Panchkula (b) Kurukshetra (a) 1948 (b) 1950 (c) 1957 (d) 1960
(c) Gurugram (d) Ambala 38. Dainik Haribhoomi is the first National
28. In which year a railway carriage and wagon Newspaper published on 5th September,
workshop was established in Jagadhri of 1996 from
Yamunanagar district of Haryana? (a) Hisar (b) Rohtak
[HSSC 2019] (c) Karnal (d) Gurugram
(a) 1952 (b) 1972 39. Haryana’s first Hindi Newspaper ‘Jain
(c) 1962 (d) 1942 Prakash’ was published by the first Editor
and Journalist, Ziyalal Jain in the year
29. First CNG demo train was started between
which two stations of Haryana? [HSSC 2016]
[Haryana Tabla Virtuoso 2018] (a) 1980 (b) 1985 (c) 1975 (d) 1970
(a) Jhajjar to Rewari 40. ‘Sandesh’ weekly Magazine was launched
(b) Rohtak to Rewari by.......in Haryana. [HSSC 2020]
(c) Rohtak to Chandigarh (a) Kirti Sharma (b) Nekiram Sharma
(d) Chandigarh to Hisar (c) Mohan Bhagvat (d) Baje Bhagat
238 Know Your State Haryana

41. Which among the following is a magazine 48. Which feature film of Haryana is a superhit
by Sahitya Akademi Haryana? film of 1984 whose songs are still very
(a) Haryana Samvad (b) Jat Gazette famous? [HSSC 2019]
(c) Kayakalp (d) Harigandha (a) Dhan Paraya (b) Lambardar
(c) Chandrawal (d) Lado Basanti
42. Which of the following is the oldest radio
station of Haryana? 49. Singer Sonu Nigam belong to which district
(a) All India Radio, Hisar of Haryana?
(b) All India Radio, Rohtak (a) Panipat (b) Faridabad
(c) All India Radio, Gurugram (c) Mahendragarh (d) Rohtak
(d) All India Radio, Kurukshetra 50. Which of the following statements about
43. In which year, Television Studio Centre KMP Expressway is/are correct?
alongwith Statellite Earth Centre and DD-2 I. Sonipat and Gurugram are major cities
transmitter was commissioned in Haryana? on it.
(a) 2001 (b) 2002 II. It acts as a Delhi bypass for
(c) 2003 (d) 2004 traffic coming from North of Delhi on
44. Doordarshan Kendra, the only programme NH-1.
producing centre in Haryana is located at Select the correct answer using the
(a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram codes given below.
(c) Ambala (d) Hisar (a) Only I (b) Only II
45. Panchkula IT Park was established in (c) Both I and II (d) None of these
which year? [HSSC 2019] 51. Match the following.
(a) 2008 (b) 2006
(c) 2005 (d) 2004 List I List II
(National Highway) (Passing Point)
46. What is Haryana film Industry nicknamed?
A. NH-71 1. Roorkee
(a) Haryanwood
(b) Hariwood B. NH-71 A 2. Ambala
(c) Mhara Cinema
C. NH-73 3. Rewari
(d) Mhara Chittralekha
47. Which Haryanvi film released in 2015, D. NH-72 4. Rohtak
received two National awards?
(a) Pagdi Codes
(b) Beera Shera A B C D A B C D
(c) Chand Chakori (a) 3 1 4 2 (b) 1 2 3 4
(d) Veer Ghatotkach (c) 3 4 1 2 (d) 2 4 1 3

Answers
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (c)
21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (b)
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (d) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44. (d) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (c) 49. (b) 50. (c)
51. (c)
CHAPTER 16
Haryana Administrative
Structure
The State Governments in India are set up
according to part VI, Article 152-237 of the
Indian Constitution. It covers the
Legislature, Executive and Judicial wings of
the states.
The State Government of Haryana is also
formed under the same constitutional
provisions. The Legislature and Executive
which are included in administrative
structure of Haryana are discussed below:
Legislature
The state of Haryana has unicameral
legislature which is known as Legislative
Assembly. Unicameral legislature is legislature
which consists of one house.
Legislative Assembly of Haryana
l State legislatures have exclusive powers that
are listed in Seventh Schedule of Indian
Constitution.
l The term of Haryana Legislative Assembly
is of 5 years (Article 172), unless earlier
dissolved by Governor on request of Chief
Minister.
l Each member should have Indian
citizenship and be more than 25 years of
age (Article 173) and not declared insane
or insolvent by any court.
l The members of Legislative Assembly are elected
by Universal Adult Franchise and direct election.
The minimum age for voting is 18 years.
l The Speaker is elected by the members of the
Legislative Assembly to run it smoothly.
l Generally, the Speaker does not vote in the house
but he uses the deciding vote.
l The Speaker determined whether a bill is money
bill or not.
l If the proposal to relieve a Speaker from his office
is under consideration, then he does not preside
over that house.
l For the meeting of the House in the Legislative
Assembly, 1/10th members of the House should
be present.
l When Haryana State was formed on
1st November, 1966, the First Delimitation
Commission determine 54 seats in the Legislative
Assembly, of which 10 seats were reserved for
Scheduled Castes.
l In March, 1967 the Second Delimitation
Commission and in 1977, the Third Delimitation
Commission increased the seats to 81 and 90
respectively. Till date, no member has been
nominated by the Governor in the Legislative
Assembly of Haryana.
l As per Article 332, seats shall be reserved for the
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
240
With this provision, Haryana reserved 17
seats for the Scheduled Castes. These are:
1. Pataudi 2. Bawani Khera
3. Jhajjar 4. Kharkhauda
5. Shahabad 6. Narwana
7. Hodal 8. Kalanaur
9. Issrana 10. Guhla
11. Mulana 12. Ratia
13. Uklana 14. Kalanwali
15. Sadhaura 16. Bawal
17. Nilokheri
l Speaker sees whether there is necessary
quorum to hold the state assembly sessions.
In India, it is 1/10th of the total members.
l Shanno Devi was the first Speaker of
Haryana Legislative Assembly. She was also
the first woman Speaker of India.
l The first male speaker of Haryana was Rao
Virendra Singh.
l Harmahendra Singh Chadda was elected
speaker of Vidhan Sabha for three terms 1987
to 1991, 2005 to 2006 and 2009 to 2011.
l In Haryana, the district with least number of
seats (2) in Legislative Assembly is Panchkula
and the district with highest number of seats
(7) is Hisar.
l According to the area, the largest
constituency of Legislative Assembly in
Haryana is Loharu and the smallest
constituency is Balramgarh.
l In Mahendragarh, Panchkula, Nuh and
Faridabad of Haryana, no seat is reserved.
l Chandrawati was the first woman member
of Haryana Legislative Assembly. Besides,
she was the first woman who was appointed
as the Governor of Puducherry. The woman
who is elected as the member of Legislative
Assembly for maximum (6) number of times
was Prasanni Devi.
Know Your State Haryana
l Kurukshetra is the only district in Haryana,
which has no constituency and Jhajjar is the
only district headquarters, which belongs to
reserved.
Haryana Vidhan Sabha Secretariat
Haryana Secretariat is one of the most magnificent
buildings situated at Chandigarh.
It was designed by French architect Le Corbusier and
its ceremonial gate was presented to India by the French
Government.
Before the formation of Haryana state, the part of
Vidhan Sabha Secretariat that was used by Punjab
Legislative Council is presently used by Haryana
Legislative Assembly.
Various Legislative Assemblies of
Haryana
The first Legislative Assembly was formed in
1966. After that fourteen assemblies have been
formed so far. The assemblies are discussed as
follows :
First State Assembly
(1-11-1966 to 28-02-1967)
l First sitting of the Assembly took place on
6th December, 1966.
l This was the smallest assembly of the state with
just 54 members.
l Chief Minister of this assembly was Bhagwat
Dayal Sharma and Shanno Devi was Speaker.
Second State Assembly
(17-03-1967 to 21-11-1967)
l There were 81 members in this assembly.
l First sitting of this assembly was held on
17th March, 1967.
l Chief Minister of this assembly was Rao
Virendra Singh and there were two speakers,
Shri Chand and later Manphool Singh.
l This assembly was the first Non-Congress
Legislative Assembly and in this assembly, for
the first time, President’s Rule was imposed in
the state on 2nd November, 1967.
Haryana Administrative Structure
Third State Assembly
(15-07-1968 to 21-01-1972)
l In this assembly, there were 81 members and
its first sitting was held on 15th July, 1968.
l Chief Minister of this assembly was
Chaudhary Bansi Lal and Speaker was
Ran Singh.
l First Census in Haryana was held during this
assembly.
l During this assembly, on 29th November,
1970, Haryana became the first state to
electrify all the villages.
Fourth State Assembly
(3-04-1972 to 30-04-1977)
l The first meeting of this assembly was held on
3rd April, 1972.
l During this assembly, there were two Chief
Ministers–first Chaudhary Bansi Lal and
second Banarasi Das Gupta and two
speakers–first Banarasi Das Gupta and second
Swaroop Singh.
l President Rule for the second time was
imposed during this assembly on 30th April,
1977.
l This state assembly had the longest tenure.
Fifth State Assembly
(04-07-1977 to 19-04-1982)
l The total number of members in this assembly
was 90.
l First sitting of this assembly was held on
4th July, 1977.
l There were two Chief Ministers during this
assembly-First Chaudhary Bhajanlal and
second Chaudhary Bansi Lal and two
Speakers–Ran Singh and Col Ram Singh.
l Renowned politician Sushma Swaraj became
the youngest Cabinet Minister
(25 years) in this assembly.
241
Sixth State Assembly
(24-06-1982 to 23-06-1987)
l First sitting of this assembly was held on
24th June, 1982.
l There were two Chief Ministers during this
assembly-Chaudhary Bhajanlal and
Chaudhary Bansi Lal and the Speaker was
Sardar Tara Singh.
Seventh State Assembly
(09-07-1987 to 06-04-1991)
l The first sitting of this assembly was held on
9th July, 1987. Speaker of this assembly was
Harmohendra Singh Chaddha.
l Four Chief Ministers were sworn in for 6
times during this assembly Chaudhary Devilal,
Om Prakash Chautala (3 times), Banarasi Das
Gupta and Hukum Singh.
Eighth State Assembly
(09-07-1991 to 10-05-1996)
l The first sitting of this Legislative Assembly
was held on 9th July, 1991.
l Chaudhary Bhajanlal was Chief Minister of
this assembly and Speaker was Ishwar Singh.
l Panipat was organised on 1st January, 1992
during this assembly.
Ninth State Assembly
(22-05-1996 to 14-12-1999)
l Its first sitting was held on 22nd May, 1996.
l Chaudhary Bansi Lal was Chief Minister of
this assembly and Speaker was Chatar Singh
Chauhan.
l There was ban on alcohol from 1st July, 1996
to 1st April, 1998 during this assembly.
Tenth State Assembly
(09-03-2000 to 08-03-2005)
l Chief Minister of this assembly was Om Prakash
Chautala and Speaker was Satbir Singh.
l First sitting of this assembly was held on
9th March, 2000.
242 Know Your State Haryana

Eleventh State Assembly Thirteenth State Assembly

(21-03-2005 to 21-08-2009)
l Bhupinder Singh Hooda was Chief Minister
of this assembly and there were two Speakers-
First Harmohender Singh Chaddha and later
Dr Raghuvir Kadiyan.
Twelfth State Assembly
(28-10-2009 to 20-10-2014)
l Its first sitting was held on 28th October,
2009.
l Chief Minister of this assembly was
Bhupinder Singh Hooda and Speakers were
Harmohender Singh Chaddha and Kuldeep
Sharma.
(20-10-2014 to 21-10-2019)
l Chief Minister of this assembly was Manohar
Lal Khattar and Speaker was Kanwar Pal Gurjar.
l In this state assembly, highest number of
women MLA (13) were elected.
Fourteenth State Assembly
(04-11-2019 to Present)
l The Speaker of this assembly is Gyan Chand
Gupta and Deputy Speaker is Ranbir Singh
Gangwa.
l Chief Minister of this assembly is Manohar Lal
Khattar and Deputy Chief Minister is
Dushyant Chautala.

List of Speakers
Name From To
Shanno Devi 6th December,1966 17th March, 1967
Rao Birendra Singh (shortest term) 17th March, 1967 23rd March, 1967
Shri Chandra 30th March, 1967 19th July, 1967
Manphool Singh 20th July, 1967 21st November, 1967
Ran Singh 15th July, 1968 3rd April, 1972
Banarsi Das Gupta 3rd April, 1972 15th November, 1973
Swaroop Singh 16th November, 1973 4th July, 1977
Ran Singh 04th July, 1977 8th May, 1978
Karnal Ram Singh 15th May, 1978 24th June, 1982
Sardar Tara Singh (longest term) 24th June, 1982 9th July, 1987
Harmohender Singh Chaddha 09th July, 1987 9th July, 1991
Ishwar Singh 09th July, 1991 22nd May, 1996
Chhatar Singh Chauhan 22nd May, 1996 27th July, 1999
Ashok Kumar Arora 28th July, 1999 1st March, 2000
Satbeer Singh Kadian 9th March, 2000 21st March, 2005
Harmohender Singh Chaddha 21st March, 2005 12th January, 2006
Dr Raghubir Singh Kadyaan 13th January, 2006 27th October, 2009
Harmohender Singh Chaddha 28th October, 2009 28th January, 2011
Kuldeep Sharma 04th March, 2011 2nd November, 2014
Kanwar Pal Gurjjar 3rd November, 2014 2nd November, 2019
Gyan Chand Gupta 04th November, 2019 Incumbent
* As on 25th March, 2021
Haryana Administrative Structure
Representation of Haryana in
Parliament
l The number of seats of Haryana in Rajya
Sabha is 5, while number of seats in Lok Sabha
is 10.
l The largest constituency in terms of area is
Bhiwani-Mahendragarh while in terms of
population, the largest Lok Sabha constituency
is Faridabad.
l According to the report of Delimitation
Commission of India, 1971, the seats of Sirsa
and Ambala Lok Sabha constituency are
reserved for Scheduled Castes.
Haryana Executive
l The Executive is the part of government that
has sole authority and responsibility for the
day-to-day administration of the state.
l The Executive of a state consists of the
Governor, the Chief Minister, the Council of
Ministers and the Advocate General.
Governor
l The Governor is the head of the Executive.
The Governor is appointed by the President
for a term of 5 years on the advice of the
Prime Minister.
l The oath of office to the Governor of Haryana
is administered by the Chief Justice of the
Chandigarh High Court.
l Raj Bhawan is the residential place of the
Governor of Haryana.
243
Qualifications
To be appointed as the Governor, a person
should :
l be a citizen of India and at least 35 years of age.
l not be a member of either house of the
Parliament or the State Legislature.
l not hold any office of profit under Central and
State Government.
Powers and Functions
lAll the executive proceeding are done in the
name of the Governor.
lGovernor appoints the Chief Minister, the
Council of Ministers, Advocate General, the
Chairman and the members of the State Public
Service Commission. Babu Anand Swarup was
first Advocate General of Haryana.
lGovernor is also the Chancellor of the
universities of the state. Governor appoints
Vice-chancellor, acts as President of senate and
inspects the working of universities and
affiliated colleges.
lGovernor addresses the newly formed State
Legislative Assembly in each term and also at
the beginning of first session of each year.
lA bill passed by State Legislature becomes a
law only when it receives Governor’s assent.
When the assembly is not in session, then the
Governor can issue an ordinance (Article 213),
like President.
lThe Governor may pardon, limit or postpone
the punishment of a person given by a court
for an offense.
244 Know Your State Haryana

List of Haryana Governors

Name From To
Dharma Vira 1st November, 1966 14th September, 1967
BN Chakraborty (longest tenure) 15th September, 1967 26th March, 1976
RS Narula 27th March, 1976 13th August, 1976
Jaisukh Lal Hathi 14th August, 1976 23rd September, 1977
Harcharan Singh Barar 24th September, 1977 9th December, 1979
SS Sandhwalia 10th December, 1979 27th February, 1980
GD Tapase 28th February, 1980 13th June, 1984
SMH Barni 14th June,1984 21st February, 1988
HA Barari 22nd February, 1988 6th February, 1990
Dhanik Lal Mandal 7th February, 1990 13th June, 1995
Mahaveer Prasad 14th June, 1995 18th June, 2000
Babu Parmanand 19th June, 2000 1st July, 2004
Om Prakash Verma (smallest tenure) 2nd July, 2004 7th July, 2004
AR Kidwai 7th July, 2004 27th July, 2009
Jagannath Pahadia 27th July, 2009 26th July, 2014
Kaptan Singh Solanki 27th July, 2014 24th, August, 2018
Satyadev Narayan Arya 25th August, 2018 Incumbent
* As on 25th March, 2021

President’s Rule in Haryana 3. Third President’s Rule It was imposed

During President’s Rule (Article 356), the
President takes over the work of the Executive.
In Haryana President’s Rule was imposed three
times. These are :
1. First President’s Rule The first President’s
Rule was imposed from 2nd November,
1967 to 22 May, 1968. President was Zakir
Hussain, PM Indira Gandhi and Governor
was VN Chakravarthy.
2. Second President’s Rule It was imposed
from 30th April, 1977 to 21st June, 1977.
During this period, the President was BD.
Jatti,PM was Morarji Desai and Governor
was Jaisukh Lal Hathi.
from 6th April, 1991 to 23rd July, 1991.
During this period, the President was
R Venkataraman, PM was PV Narsimha
Rao and Governor was-Dhanik Lal Mandal.
Chief Minister
l According to Article 163 of the Indian
Constitution, there is a provision for a Council of
Ministers headed by Chief Minister to assist the
State Executive in the State.
l A Chief Minister is the Head of Government of
a state. According to the Constitution of India,
at the state-level, the Governor is the head, but
actually executive authority rests with the Chief
Minister.
Haryana Administrative Structure
l A Chief Minister is elected for a term of five
years with a provision of re-election.
l The Chief Minister is appointed by the
Governor of the state.
l The first Chief Minister of Haryana was
Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma.
l Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, Rao Birender
Singh and Hukum Singh held the office of
Chief Minister only once.
l In Haryana, Om Prakash Chautala held the
office of Chief Minister for 5 times, Bansi
Lal for 3 times and Banarsi Das Gupta,
Devi Lal, Bhajan Lal and Bhupinder Singh
Hooda for 2 times.
Chief Ministers of Haryana
From 1966, when the first elections for
Haryana State Assembly was held, ten people
have served as the Chief Minister of Haryana.
Their life, achievements and their contribution
in the development of Haryana are discussed as
follows :
Chaudhary Devi Lal
l He was born on 25th September, 1915 in
Teja Khera (Chautala village) of Sirsa district
in Haryana.
l He is popularly known as Tau, King-maker,
Jan-nayak, Sher-e-Haryana etc.
l He emerged as a popular farmer leader and
took active psart in the formation of
Haryana state.
l He became a member of Parliament in 1980,
Rajya Sabha member in 1998 and also served
as Deputy Prime Minister from 1989-1991
in the non-Congress Governments of Prime
Minister VP Singh (1989-90) and Prime
Minister Chandra Shekhar (1990-91).
l In 1975, he launched a mass movement and
started Nyaya Yudh (Battle for Justice). He
started the old age pension in the state.
245
l Devi Lal died on 6th April, 2001. His
mausoleum is on the bank of river Yamuna in
Delhi and is known as Sangharsh Sthal.
Banarasi Das Gupta
l He was born on 5th November, 1917 in
Bhiwani district.
l He was a renowned freedom fighter and went to
Jail many times during the British rule.
l He served as Speaker, Deputy Chief Minister
and Chief Minister of Haryana.
l He actively participated in Bhoodan movement
and distributed thousands of acres of lands
among the landless.
l He fought against dowry system, untouchability
and child marriage.
l He was elected as a member of Rajya Sabha in
April 1996.
l He was the editor of Apna Desh and Hariyana
Kesri newspapers and also authored a book
Panchayti Raj Kyu aur Kaise.
l He died on 29th August, 2007.
Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
l He was born on 26th January, 1918 in Beri
town of Jhajjar district.
l He was popularly known as Pandit Ji and gave
guidance to many noted politicians like Bansi
Lal and Bhajan Lal.
l He also served as the Governor of
Odisha (1977) and Madhya Pradesh (1980-84).
l The University of Health and Sciences, Rohtak
and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences
were named after him. He represented Jhajjar
constituency.
l His tenure was shortest (143 days) as the Chief
Minister of Haryana.
l He was the first and only nominated Chief
Minister of Haryana.
l He died on 22nd February, 1993.
246
Rao Birendra Singh
lHe was born on 20th February, 1921 in
Nangal Pathani village of Rewari district. He
was the descendant of Rao Tula Ram, one
of the key leaders of the Indian
rebellion of 1857 in Haryana.
lHe was the first elected and non-Congress
Chief Minister of Haryana.
lHe formed Vishal Haryana Party in 1967 and
was the first regional party of Haryana.
lRewari was separated from Mahendragarh and
became a separate district in 1989 through his
efforts.
lHe was the first male Speaker of Haryana
before appointed as the Chief Minister.
lThough, he held the office of Speaker of
Legislative Assembly for only 16 days which is
the shortest tenure.
lHe died on 30th September, 2009.
▲ RAO BIRENDRA SINGH
Hukum Singh
l He was born in 1925 at a place called
Charkhi-Dadri in Bhiwani district.
l He served as 8th Chief Minister of Haryana.
l He died on 26th February, 2015.
Know Your State Haryana
Chaudhary Bansi Lal
l He was born on 26th August, 1927 in
Golagarh village of Bhiwani district.
l He was an Indian independence activist.
l He is also known as the Architect of Modern
Haryana, the Iron Man of Haryana, etc.
l He served as the Defence Minister from 1975
to 1977 and as the Railway Minister from
1984 to 1986.
l He set up Haryana Vikas Party after
separating from the Indian National Congress
in 1996.
l He became the youngest Chief Minister of
Haryana at the age of 41 years and was the
first Jat Chief Minister.
l Under his tenure, alcohol was banned in 1996,
although this ban was ended in 1998.
l He employed the Lift system and Fountain
System of irrigation for agricultural
development in the state.
l Bansi Lal became the Rajya Sabha member
twice (1960-66, 1976-80) and Lok Sabha
member thrice (1980-84, 1985-86 and
1989-91).
l Bansi Lal was part of the famous Lal trio of
Haryana, which also includes Devi Lal and
Bhajan Lal.
l During his tenure, Haryana became 100 per
cent electrified in 1970.
l He died on 28th March, 2006.
Bhajan Lal
l He was born on 6th October, 1930 in
Koranwali village, Bahawalpur district, now in
Pakistan.
Haryana Administrative Structure 247

l He was a politician and two times Chief
Minister of Haryana (1979 to 1986 and 1991
to 1996).
l He had also served as a Union Cabinet Minister
at the centre, Union Agricultural Minister and
Minister of Forests and Environment.
l He formed Haryana Janhit Congress on
2nd December, 2007 and in 2017, the party
was merged with Indian National Congress.
l He remained the Chief Minister for the
longest term i.e. 12 years (not in continuation).
l He died on 3rd June, 2011.
Chaudhary Om Prakash Chautala
l He was born on 1st January, 1935 in Sirsa
district.
l He is an Indian politician from the state of
Haryana and the leader of the Indian National
Lok Dal (INLD) Political party.
l Chautala is the son of Chaudhary Devi Lal.
l He was sworn in as the Chief Minister of
Haryana for 5 times.
l Om Prakash Chautala served the shortest
(5 days) tenure as the Chief Minister of
Haryana.
l Hooda is the first Chief Minister of Haryana
who is born in independent India.
l He was elected member of Parliament from
Rohtak in 1991, 1996, 1998 and 2004.
l In his tenure, seven State Universities, One
Central University and IIM Rohtak were
established.
l He formulated New Industrial Policy and
Sports Policy in Haryana during his tenure.
Manohar Lal Khattar
lHe was born on 5th May, 1954 in Nindana
village of Rohtak district.
lHe is a member of Rashtriya Swayam
Sewak Sangha and Bharatiya Janata
Party (BJP).
lHe is the 10th Chief Minister of Haryana.
lHe announced that Haryana will have an
all-woman police station in each district.
lHe took important steps to implement ‘Beti
Bachao Beti Padhao’ Yojana scheme.
lHe is the first unmarried Chief Minister of
Haryana.
lHe is also known as the 4th Lal of Haryana.

Bhupender Singh Hooda

lHe was born on 15th September, 1947 in
Sanghi village of Rohtak district.
lHe is an Indian politician and leader of the
Indian National Congress.
lHe served as the 9th Chief Minister of
Haryana. His tenure as the Chief Minister of
Haryana was the longest (5th March, 2005 to ▲ MANOHAR LAL KHATTAR
10th October, 2014)
248 Know Your State Haryana

List of Chief Ministers of Haryana

Name Tenure From Tenure Upto
Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma 1st November, 1966 23rd March, 1967
Rao Birender Singh 24th March, 1967 21st November, 1967
President's Rule 2nd November, 1967 21st May, 1968
Bansi Lal 22nd May, 1968 30th November, 1975
Banarsi Das Gupta 1st December, 1975 30th April, 1977
President’s Rule 30th April, 1977 20th June, 1977
Chaudhary Devi Lal 21st June, 1977 28th June, 1979
Bhajan Lal 29th June, 1979 5th July, 1985
Bansi Lal 5th July, 1985 20th June, 1987
Chaudhary Devi Lal 20th June, 1987 2nd December, 1989
Om Prakash Chautala 2nd December, 1989 22nd May, 1990
Banarsi Das Gupta 22nd May, 1990 12th July, 1990
Om Prakash Chautala (shortest tenure) 12th July, 1990 17th July, 1990
Hukum Singh 17th July, 1990 22nd March, 1991
Om Prakash Chautala 22nd March, 1991 6th April, 1991
President’s Rule 6th April, 1991 22nd June, 1991
Bhajan Lal 23rd June, 1991 10th May, 1996
Bansi Lal 11th May, 1996 23rd July, 1999
Om Prakash Chautala 24th July, 1999 4th March, 2005
Bhupinder Singh Hooda 5th March, 2005 24th October, 2014
Manohar Lal Khattar 26th October, 2014 Incumbent

* As on 25th March, 2021

Council of Ministers
lAs per Article 163 of the Indian Constitution, there shall be Council of Ministers along with Chief
Minister at the head to aid, advice and exercise the functions of the State Government.
lThe Council of Ministers are appointed by the Governor of the state on the advice of the Chief
Minister.
lTo be appointed in Council of Ministers, a person should be a member of either Legislative
Assembly or Legislative Council.
lThe Executive Authority of the state actually lies in the Council of Ministers under the leadership
of Chief Minister.
lCouncil of Ministers are also known as Cabinet Ministers and they are jointly responsible for the
work done by the elected government.
Haryana Administrative Structure
l Their tenure is of five years, however they have
to resign if there is no confidence motion
against ruling party in the Legislative
Assembly.
l The Council of Ministers is sub divided into
Cabinet Minister, Minister of State, Minister
of State (Independent charge), Deputy
Minister and Secretary of the House.
State Secretariat
l State Secretariat is also known as Chief
Secretary office. It is the law executing body of
the State Government.
l There are separate department of different
ministeries in the Secretariat.
l Decision making, policy formulation, policy
execution and administration are carried out
from the State Secretariat.
l In Haryana, the State Secretariat is situated in
its capital i.e. Chandigarh.
l The State Secretariat is headed by Chief
Secretary who is the senior most IAS officer in
the state.
l Chief secretary is assisted by Secretaries of
other departments including Joint Secretaries,
Deputy Secretaries and Under Secretaries.
Major Political Parties of Haryana
In every state, there are political parties that
operate only in that state. These are called local
parties.
Local political parties of Haryana are discussed
as follows :
l Bharatiya Lok Dal It was founded by
Chaudhary Devi Lal in 1974 after he won the
election from Rori Constituency of Haryana.
The election symbol of this party was a farmer
ploughing the land. In 1987, Chaudhary Devi
249
Lal became the Chief Minister of Haryana
after winning the elections from this party.
In 1990, this party got split.
l Janata Dal This party was formed on 11th
October, 1988 as a result of the merger of
Janata Party, Lok Dal (B) and Jan Morcha.
In 1989, this party through the support of
other parties established the government at
centre. The election symbol of this party was
Wheel. Presently, this party is divided into
several other factions.
l Indian National Lok Dal It was founded
together by Om Prakash Chautala and
Chaudhary Devi Lal in October 1996 as
Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya).
The party symbol is eyeglasses and its ideology
is social liberalism. Presently, Om Prakash
Chautala is the Chairperson and Ajay Singh
Chautala is General Secretary. In 2014
Assembly Elections, this party won 19 seats
but in 2019 Assembly Elections, this party
won only 1 seat.
l Haryana Vikas Party This party was formed
in 1996 by former Chief Minister Chaudhary
Bansi Lal. This party formed government in
Haryana after merging with BJP. But this
government was dissolved in 1999. This party
merged with Indian National Congress in 2004.
l Jannayak Janta Party It was founded on
9th December, 2018 and is based on Devi
Lal’s ideology of socialism. Its symbol is key. It
was founded by Dushyant Chautala the great
grandson of Chaudhary Devi Lal who is also
the Chairman of this party. It was formed in
Jind and is very popular in many parts of
Haryana. In 2019 Assembly Elections, this
party won 10 seats.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Haryana Legislative Assembly is ...... in 9. When was the President rule imposed in
nature. Haryana for the first time?
(a) unicameral [HSSC Junior Engineering 2021]
(b) bicameral (a) 21st December, 1970
(c) Both (a) and (b) (b) 20th March, 1965
(d) None of the above (c) 2nd November, 1967
2. The term of the State Legislative Assembly (d) 10th April, 1969
is ........... . 10. The first census in Haryana was held
(a) two years (b) eight years during which period? [HSSC 2020]
(c) five years (d) one year (a) Second Assembly (b) Tenth Assembly
3. On 31st November 1966, after the formation (c) Third Assembly (d) Eighth Assembly
of Haryana, how many seats were 11. When was President Rule imposed on
determined by the First Delimitation Haryana for the second time?
Commission? [HSSC Group D 2021] [HSSC Junior Engineering 2021]
(a) 35 (b) 43 (a) 1971 (b) 1987
(c) 54 (d) 56 (c) 1977 (d) 1969
4. In which year the number of members of 12. Which politician became the youngest
Haryana Vidhan Sabha reached to 90? Cabinet Minister in fifth State Assembly?
(a) 1966 (b) 2008 (a) Sushma Swaraj
(c) 1977 (d) 2001 (b) Chaudhary Devi Lal
5. How many seats ane there in the current (c) Om Prakash Chautala
Haryana Legislative Assembly? (d) Arvind Kejriwal
[HSSC 2021, 20] 13. The current assembly of Haryana is the
(a) 150 (b) 90 ............. .
(c) 105 (d) 95 (a) eleventh legislative assembly
6. Who was the first Speaker of Haryana (b) thirteenth legislative assembly
Vidhan Sabha? [HSSC 2016] (c) twelfth legislative assembly
(a) Manphool Singh (d) fourteenth legislative assembly
(b) Ishwar Singh 14. Who has been elected as the Deputy
(c) Shanno Devi speaker of the 14th Haryana Assembly?
(d) Kuldeep Sharma (a) Gyan Chand Gupta
7. Haryana Vidhan Sabha is situated at (b) Ranbir Singh Gangwa
........... . [Junior Engineer 2018] (c) Ramesh Kaushik
(a) Rohtak (b) Panipat (d) Rahul Chaudhary
(c) Ambala (d) Chandigarh 15. ............. is the present Chief Minister of
8. The first Legislative Assembly elections Haryana. [HSSC Group D 2020]
were held in Haryana in the year............ . (a) Kumar Swami
[TGT 2016] (b) Manohar Lal Khattar
(a) 1972 (b) 1966 (c) Manohar Parikas
(c) 1960 (d) 1968 (d) None of the above
Haryana Administrative Structure 251

16. As on 1st December, 2019, who is Deputy 24. Who among the following served as
Chief Minister of Haryana? Governor for the longest term?
[HSSC Field Cadre 2020] [Haryana Group D 2018,
(a) Shri Mahipal Dhanda Haryana Patwari Exam 2015]
(b) Shri J.P. Nadda (a) Dharma Vira
(c) Shri Dushyant Chautala (b) Birendra Narayan Chakraborty
(d) Shri Kanwar Pal (c) Ranjeet Singh Narula
(d) Jaysukh Lal Hathi
17. How many members from Haryana are
elected for Rajya Sabha? [HSSC Clerk 2020] 25. As on 1st January, 2020 who was the
(a) 1 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 7 Governor of Haryana?
[HSSC Field Cadre 2020]
18. How many seats come under Haryana Lok
(a) Shri Satyadev Narayan Arya
Sabha? HSSC Accountant 2021]
(b) Prof Kaptan Singh Solanki
(a) 12 (b) 10
(c) Shri Om Prakash Verma
(c) 5 (d) None of these
(d) Shri Jagannath Pahadia
19. Which is the largest Lok Sabha
26. Who was the constitutional head (Governor)
Constituency in terms of population?
of Haryana in 2019?
[Haryana Accountant 2018]
(a) Manohar Lal Khattar
(a) Karnal
(b) Dushyant Chautala
(b) Hisar
(c) Satyadev Narayan Arya
(c) Gurugram
(d) Ranbir Singh Gangwa
(d) Faridabad
27. Haryana faced President’s Rule for how
20. Which of the following Lok Sabha
many times?
constituency is reserved for Schedule Caste
(a) Once (b) Twice
in Haryana?
(c) Thrice (d) None of these
(a) Bhiwani-Mahendragarh
(b) Ambala 28. Who amongst the following has all the
(c) Gurugram executive powers of the State Government?
(d) Sonipat (a) Chairman of Legislative Assembly
(b) Governor of the State
21. What is the residential place of the
(c) Chief Minister of State
Governor of Haryana?
(d) Deputy Chief Minister of State
[Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018]
(a) Panch Mahal 29. Who was the first Chief Minister of
(b) Haryana Raj Bhawan Haryana? [HSSC Group D 2020]
(c) Vidhan Parishad (a) Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
(d) Vidhan Sabha (b) Rao Virender Singh
(c) Devi Lal
22. Who was the first Governor of Haryana?
(d) Bansi Lal
[PGT 2016]
(a) Shri BN Chakraborty 30. The mausoleum of which of the following
(b) Shri Dharma Vira Chief Minister of Haryana is in Delhi?
(c) Shri RS Narula (a) Devi Lal
(d) Shri GD Tapase (b) Bansi Lal
(c) Banarasi Das Gupta
23. What was the tenure of the first Governor
(d) Bhajan Lal
of Haryana, Dharma Vira?
[HSSC 2020, Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018,] 31. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, the first CM of
(a) Around 5 months Haryana, represented which constituency?
(b) Around 7 months [Haryana Police Sub-inspector 2018]
(c) Around 10 months (a) Bhiwani (b) Tosham
(d) None of the above (c) Pataudi (d) Jhajjar
252 Know Your State Haryana

32. Who was the first non-Congress Chief 38. Who among the following was never the
Minister of Haryana who took oath on 24th Chief Minister of Haryana?
March, 1967 ? [Mandi Supervisor 2017]
(a) Chaudhary Bhajan Lal (a) Banarasi Das Gupta
(b) Devilal (b) GD Tapse
(c) Bansi lal (c) Hukum Singh
(d) Rao Birendra Singh (d) Rao Birender Singh
33. Haryana’s longest serving Chief Minister, 39. By whom, the Council of Ministers of the
Bansi Lal, was holding which office in state is appointed?
Central Government in 1975-77? (a) Governor (b) Chief Minister
[Haryana Police Constable 2018] (c) Prime Minister (d) Speaker
(a) Home Ministry 40. The Council of Ministers are elected for how
(b) Finance many years?
(c) Defence
(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 2 (d) 4
(d) Parliamentary Affairs
41. Where is State Secretariat situated in
34. Who formed Haryana Vikas Party?
Haryana?
[Haryana Agriculture Inspector 2017] (a) Rohtak (b) Chandigarh
(a) Hukum Singh
(c) Bhiwani (d) Gurugram
(b) Chaudhary Bansi Lal
(c) Bhupendra Singh Hudda 42. Who is the head of State Secretariat?
(d) Chaudhary Devi Lal (a) Joint Secretary (b) Deputy Secretary
(c) Chief Secretary (d) Under Secretary
35. Which freedom fighter later became CM of
Haryana? [HSSC FE 2020] 43. Who founded the Indian National Lok Dal?
(a) Shri Rao Birendra Singh (a) Devi Lal (b) Bhajan Lal
(b) Chaudhary Bansi Lal (c) Bansi Lal
(c) Chaudhary Devi Lal (d) Om Prakash Chautala
(d) Shri Manohar Lal Khattar 44. In which year Jannayak Janta Party was
36. Which Chief Minister of Haryana banned formed?
the consumption of alcohol in the state on (a) 2001 (b) 2018 (c) 1985 (d) 1996
July, 1996? [Haryana Lab Attendant 2018] 45. Consider the following statements.
(a) Bansi Lal (b) Devi Lal I. Shanno Devi was the first Speaker of
(c) BD Sharma (d) Bhajan Lal Haryana Vidhan Sabha.
37. Which among the following served as Chief II. She is the only female Speaker of
Minister for the longest term? [HSSC 2020] Haryana Vidhan Sabha.
(a) Hukum Singh Which of the statements given above is/are
(b) Pt. Bhagwan Dayal correct?
(c) Bansi Lal (a) Only I (b) Only II
(d) Rao Birender Singh (c) Both I and II (d) None of these

Answers
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (b)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (c) 28. (c) 29. (a) 30. (a)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (b)
41. (b) 42. (c) 43. (a) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. () 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 17
Haryana Judiciary
l After Legislative and Executive, judiciary is the
third pillar of governance.
l The judicial structure of India is described in
Article 214 to 237.
l The judicial structure consist of a unified
justice system which is headed by Supreme
Court and subordinated by High Courts.
l The High Courts supervise the District Courts
and all the Subordinate Courts work under the
High Court.
l The High Court of Punjab and Haryana is the
common High Court for the states of Haryana
and Punjab and is established at Chandigarh.
High Court
As per Article 214, there is a provision of one
High Court in every state. However by the 7th
Amendment in 1956, as per Article 231, there
can be one High Court for two or more states
and Union Territories.
Historical Background of High
Court of Punjab and Haryana
l Punjab and Haryana High Court was formed
under India Act, 1915 on 20-21st March,
1919 in Lahore but after the partition in 1947,
this court shifted to Pakistan. This court was
also known as Lahore High Court.
l First Indian judge of this court was Sir Shadilal
of Rewari who took oath on 1st May, 1920.
He was given the Title of Rai Bahadur.
l The East Punjab High Court of Judicature was
established at Shimla on 15th August, 1947
by the Governor General Lord Mountbatten
under Indian Independence Act. After this, all
the work of Lahore High Court shifted to East
Punjab High Court located in Shimla.
l On 26th January,1950, the name of the East
Punjab High Court was changed to Punjab
High Court.
l In 1952, one bench of Punjab High Court was
established in Delhi.
l On 17th January, 1955, the High Court was
shifted to Chandigarh by Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru.
l In 1956, Patiala and East Punjab States Union
(PEPSU) merged into Punjab and their
jurisdiction passed on to Chandigarh High
Court.
l In 1966, Delhi High Court was established in
Delhi.
Creation of High Court of Punjab and
Haryana
lIn 1966, after the reorganisation of Punjab,
two new states, Punjab and Haryana and one
Union Territory, Chandigarh, came into being.
lOn 1st November, 1966, the Punjab High
Court was transformed into High Court of
Punjab and Haryana. The building of this
High Court was designed by Le Corbusier
(French Architect).
254 Know Your State Haryana

l Punjab, Haryana and Union Territory
Chandigarh came under the jurisdiction of
High Court of Punjab and Haryana.
l As on November, 2019 there are 39 Judges
working at High Court of Punjab and
Haryana.
l The first Chief Justice of Punjab and Haryana
High Court was Justice Ram Lal.
l First Chief Justice after reorganisation of
Punjab and Haryana High Court on
1st November, 1966 was Justice Mehar Singh.
l Justice Donald Falshaw was the first Chief
Justice to resign from his post from the High
Court of Punjab and Haryana. Ranjit Singh
Narula and Jitendra Vir Gupta also resigned
from their respective posts in 1977 and 1991.
l First and only Chief Justice to face
impeachment was Justice Veerswamy
Ramaswamy (1987-89 )but the trial process
was not completed.
l Justice Ranjit Singh Narula and Justice Surjit
Singh Sanghawalia also became Governors of
Haryana.

List of Chief Justices of High Court of Punjab and Haryana

Chief Justice From To
Justice Ram Lal (first) 15th August, 1947 18th January, 1949
Justice Sudhi Ranjan Das 19th January, 1949 20th January, 1950
Justice Eric Weston 21st January, 1950 8th December, 1952
Justice Amar Nath Bhandari (longest tenure) 9th December, 1952 18th November, 1959
Justice Gopal Das Khosla 19th November, 1959 14th December, 1961
Justice Donald Falshaw 15th December, 1961 29th May, 1966
Justice Mehar Singh 30th May, 1966 15th August, 1970
Justice Harbans Singh 16th August, 1970 9th April, 1974
Justice Daya Krishan Mahajan 10th April, 1974 10th May, 1974
Justice Ranjit Singh Narula 11th May, 1974 31st October, 1977
Justice Anand Dev Koshal 1st November, 1977 17th July, 1978
Justice Surjit Singh Sandhawalia 21st July, 1978 28th November, 1983
Justice Prem Chand Jain 1st August, 1985 18th August, 1986
Justice Hariday Nath Seth 19th August, 1986 14th October, 1987
Justice Debi Singh Tewatia (shortest tenure) 15th October, 1987 29th October, 1987
Justice Veeraswami Ramaswami 12th November, 1987 6th October, 1989
Justice Shanti Sarup Dewan 24th October, 1989 31st December, 1989
Justice Jitendra Vir Gupta 9th July, 1990 1st May, 1991
Justice Bipin Chandra Verma 19th September, 1991 2nd May, 1992
Justice Mandagadde Rama Jois 3rd May, 1992 31st August, 1992
Justice Sudarshan Dayal Agarwala 13rd November, 1992 (AN) 14th January, 1994
Justice Sudhakar Pandit Rao Kurdukar 16th January, 1994 27th March, 1996
Haryana Judiciary 255

Chief Justice From To

Justice K Sreedharan 30th July, 1996 18th October, 1997
Justice AB Saharya 7th November, 1997 14th September, 2002
Justice Binod Kumar Roy 14th October, 2002 21st February, 2005
Justice DK Jain 11th March, 2005 6th April, 2006
Justice Vijender Jain 28th November, 2006 1st August, 2008
Justice Tirath Singh Thakur (Also became 11th August, 2008 17th November, 2009
Chief Justice of Supreme Court)
Justice Mukul Mudgal 5th December, 2009 3rd January, 2011
Justice Ranjan Gogoi 12th February, 2011 23rd April, 2012
Justice Arjan Kumar Sikri 23rd September, 2012 11th April, 2013
Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul 1st June, 2013 25th July, 2014
Justice Shiavax Jal Vazifdar 26th July, 2014 3rd May, 2018
Justice Ajay Kumar Mittal 4th May, 2018 1st June, 2018
Justice Krishna Murari 2nd June, 2018 22nd September, 2019
Justice Rajeev Sharma 23th September, 2019 5th October, 2019
Justice Ravi Shankar Jha 6th October, 2019 Incumbent
* As on 25th March, 2021

Other Courts of Haryana Revenue Court

The other courts of Haryana are discussed
below:
District and Sessions Court
lEvery district has two types of courts viz
District Court for civil cases and Sessions
Court for criminal cases under the code of
criminal procedures.
lThe courts are established by the State
Government and presided over by a judge that
is appointed by the Governor in consultation
with the High Court in the state.
lHaryana judicial service is divided into two
parts, Haryana Civil Judicial Service and
Higher Judicial Service.
lAll the District and Sessions Court in Haryana
are under the control of High Court of Punjab
and Haryana.
lThis court deals with cases of land revenue and
its related disputes in the state.
lEach district has a Revenue Court and the
highest Revenue Court in the district is the
Board of Revenue.
lThe Court of Commissioners, Collectors,
Tehsildars and Sub-Tehsildars are included
under Revenue Court.
Family Court
lThis court is established in every state under
the Family Courts Act, 1984.
lFamily Court hears the cases related to family
matters, domestic relationships, proceedings
related to marriage, etc.
lThe appeal against the judgement given by
Family Court can be made in High Court
only.
256
State Administrative Tribunal
l Administrative Tribunal is a quasi-judicial
institution that is set up to deal with the
pendency of cases lying in various courts.
l It is set up to reduce work loads, expedite
decisions and hear disputes related to taxes and
administrative issues.
l The Haryana Administrative Tribunal Rules,
2017 were approved by Haryana Cabinet in
2018 for setting up Haryana Administrative
Tribunal.
State Legal Services Authority
l In every state, State Legal Services Authority
(SLSA) is set up under the Legal Services
Authority Act 1987. This act is enforced from
9th November, 1995.
l It is headed by Chief Justice of the High Court
of Punjab and Haryana and a senior judge is
the Executive Chairman of this authority.
l In Haryana, the State Legal Services
Authority is at Chandigarh which acts under
the Legal Services Authority Rules, 1996.
l Other prominent members of this authority
are Secretary of State Women Commission,
Welfare Board, Commission for Scheduled
Caste and Scheduled Tribes and State
Advocate General.
l In Haryana, State Legal Service Authority has
been established at the level of High Court
(Chairman is Judge of High Court), at district
level (Chairman is the Judge of District and
Sessions Court) and in the sub-divisions of the
state.
Lok Adalats
l Article 39(A) has been added in the Directive
Principles of State Policy through the 42nd
Amendment to the Indian Constitution in
1976. This article has a provision of free legal
aid for weaker sections.
l Lok Adalats are given statuary status under the
Legal Services Authorities Act 1987.
Know Your State Haryana
l Long pending civil cases and those criminal
cases are tried in Lok Adalats in which
settlement is impossible.
l Lok Adalats function as Civil Courts and their
judgement is final and cannot be appealed.
l First Permanent Lok Adalat of Haryana was
set up on 7th August, 1998 in Chandigarh.
l In Haryana, there are 11 permanent Lok
Adalats. These are in Ambala, Panchkula,
Rohtak, Hisar, Gurugram, Bhiwani, Sirsa,
Sonipat, Rewari, Karnal and Faridabad.
l In all the districts of Haryana, Lok Adalats are
functional which consist of one judge, one
advocate and one social worker.
l Intermediary centres are also set up by the
State Legal Services Authority in Haryana for
providing legal advice and legal aid to the
people.
Commercial Courts
lThe Commercial Courts, Commercial Division
and Commercial Appellate Division of High
Courts Act 2015, provide for the creation of
Commercial Courts in the states.
lThe state of Haryana has set up its Special
Commercial Court at Gurugram on 27th
October, 2017. Its jurisdiction is in the entire
state of Haryana.
Environmental Courts
lThese courts specially take up cases in which
violation of environmental laws have taken place.
lFor the preservation of the environment, the
State Government of Haryana has set up 2
environmental courts in Faridabad and
Kurukshetra.
lThe jurisdiction of Faridabad Court is in
Faridabad, Palwal, Mewat, Gurugram,
Mahendragarh, Jind, Rohtak, Jhajjar, Dadri,
Bhiwani and Rewari.
lThe jurisdiction of Kurukshetra Court is in
Ambala, Panchkula, Yamunanagar, Karnal,
Kaithal, Sirsa, Fatehabad, Hisar, Sonipat and
Panipat.
Haryana Judiciary
District Consumer Courts
lThe Consumer Protection Act, came into
force on 24th December, 1986. It lays down
the rights of consumers and provides for their
protection of rights.
lIt provides a 3-tier District Consumer Court
at National, State and District level.
lIn Haryana, Consumer Redressal Cell and
Consumer Forums have been set up in each
district except Charki-Dadri.
lAccording to the act of 1986, the Consumer
Courts in Haryana used to take up cases
amounting to less than ` 20 lakhs. However,
after the enactment of Consumer Protection
Act 2019, cases amounting upto 1 crore can be
taken in these courts.
Advocate General
l
As per Article 165 of the Indian Constitution, the
Governor of the state appoints the Advocate General.
l
A person to be appoint as an Advocate General
should be a citizen of India, should be practicing
law for 10 years or more or should be a judge in
High Court for minimum 10 years.
l
Babu Anand Swarup was the first Advocate
General of Haryana.
l
Advocate General is the first Legal Officer of the
state, who advises the State Government from time
to time. He also attends the meeting of the State
Legislative Assembly but do not have voting rights
in the Assembly.
Institutions and
Commissions in Haryana
Lokayukta
l Lokayukta is a quasi-judicial institution in
Haryana. Haryana Lokayukta Act was passed in
1997 but it was cancelled by the then Governor
Mahavir Prasad on 19th September, 1999.
l On 27th January, 2002, the Haryana
Lokayukta Act, 2002 came into force.
l The tenure of Lokayukta is 5 years and he is
appointed by the Governor.
257
l Pritam Pal Singh was the first Lokayukta of
Haryana appointed in 2011.
l Haryana Lokayukta has the right to hear and
enquire about the complaints made against
Chief Minister, members of State Legislative
Assembly, Head and Deputy Head of
Municipal Councils and Committees, Mayor
and Deputy Mayor of Municipal
Corporations, Officers of Panchayati Raj
institutions, Chancellor and Vice-chancellor of
Universities, etc.
State Vigilance Bureau
l In Haryana, Special Inquiry Agency was set up
in June 1967. In the year 1978, the name of
Special Inquiry Agency changed to State
Vigilance Bureau.
l It is headed by State Vigilance Officer at state
level and Divisional Vigilance officer and
District Vigilance Officer at division and
district level, respectively.
l The office of Haryana State Vigilance Bureau
is in Panchkula.
District Vigilance Committee
l In Haryana, the District Vigilance Committee is
set up by an amendment to the Lokayukta, Act.
l There are three members of the committee
that are chosen by the Haryana Lokayukta.
l One member should be a retired Legal Officer
who also worked as a Civil Judge and for other
two members, there are no such requirements.
State Information Commission
l The commission is set up under the State
Information Commission Act, 2005.
l The headquarters of Haryana State
Information Commission is in Chandigarh.
l Its members are appointed by the Governor
for a period of 6 years or till attaining the age
of 62 years, whichever is earlier.
l The Commission is headed by Chief
Information Commissioner.
258
State Election Commission
▲ STATE ELECTION COMMISSION
l The Commission is responsible for providing
direction, control and supervision of all the
election of the Panchayati Raj Institutions and
the Municipal boards in the state.
l In Haryana, this Commission was constituted
on 18th November, 1993, under the
provisions of Article 243 K and 243 2A of the
Indian Constitution.
l The headquarters of this commission is in
Panchkula district of Haryana and its first
commissioner was JK Duggal.
l The Commissioner is appointed by the Governor.
Haryana Staff Selection Commission
l This commission was established on 28th
January, 1970 and the Commission received
its statutory status on 28th February, 2005.
l Earlier it was known as Subordinate Services
Selection Board.
l The commission recruits staff for various posts
of Group C and D to fill the posts in Zila
Parishads, Panchayat Samities, Municipal
Corporations, trusts etc.
l There are 6 members in this commission apart
from the Chairman which are appointed by
the Governor, on the advice of Chief Minister
and Council of Ministers.
Know Your State Haryana
l The tenure of the Chairman is 3 years or upto
68 years of age (whichever is earlier) and the
tenure of other member is upto 65 years
of age.
l The headquarters of this commission is in
Panchkula district.
Haryana Public Service Commission
l According to Government of India Act, 1935,
there is a provision for independent Public
Service Commission for each province.
l According to this act, the Punjab Public
Service Commission was set up in 1937.
l According to Article 315 of Indian
Constitution, there is a provision of
establishing one Union Public Service
Commission at the centre and State Public
Service Commission in each state.
l Under the Sub-section 2 of Section 85 of
Punjab Reorganisation Act of 1966, the
Haryana Public Service Commission was set
up in November, 1966. Its headquarters is in
Panchkula district.
l The first Chairman of Haryana Public Service
Commission was Darbari Lal Gupta.
l The secretary and members of this
commission is appointed by the Governor for
a period of 6 years or till attaining the age of
62 years (whichever is earlier).
l The commission recruits staff for various posts
of Group A and B.
▲ HARYANA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Haryana Judiciary
Haryana Human Rights Commission
l Protection of Human Rights Act was enacted
in the Parliament in 1993.
l The Haryana Human Rights Commission is
established under Section 21 of 1993 Act.
l The first Chairman of this Commission was
Bijendra Jain who was the retired Chief Justice
of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana. The
commission’s headquarters is in Chandigarh.
l All the members of the commission are
appointed by the Governor for a period of 5
years or till the attainment of 70 years of age
(whichever is earlier). However, the Governor
appointed the person as a Chairman who is
recommended by the committee consisting of
Chief Minister, Speaker and Leader of
Legislative Assembly and Home Minister.
l The Chairman of this commission should be a
retired judge or working judge of State High
Court. Other members of the commission
should be the judge of District or Sessions
Court for minimum 7 years.
l One of the member appointed in the
commission should have a distinguishing
record in Human rights activities.
l In the year 2015, this commission has set up a
branch in Haryana Bhawan in New Delhi.
This branch hears the cases related to Southern
Haryana and its adjoining areas.
l The salaries of the Chairman and members of
the commission are paid from State
Consolidated Funds.
Haryana State Commission for
Women
l For the protection of status of women, this
commission was constituted on 20th December,
1999.
l It comprises of one Chairman, Vice-Chairman
and four members from non-governmental
organisations. All these are appointed by the
Governors for a period of 3 years.
259
l Its headquaters is in Panchkula.
l The Chairperson and more than half members
of this commission should be women.
l Joint Commissioner of Women and Child
Development Department and the
Commissioner of Haryana Women Crime Cell
are its ex-officio members.
l The Commission aims to achieve equality of
women in all spheres of life, strict enforcement
of laws and strategic solutions for
discrimination, atrocities and exploitation
against women.
Haryana Law Enforcement
Police Administration
l The law enforcing agency for Haryana is the
Haryana Police Department.
l State Crime Record Bureau was established in
Haryana on 1st April, 1987 to collect and
analyse the crime related data. Its headquarters
is in Panchkula.
l State Police headquarters is also located in
Panchkula.
l Police Intelligence Branch, CID (Crime
Investigation Department) is established in
Haryana to control crimes in the state.
Police Ranges and Districts in Haryana
lThe state of Haryana is divided into 5 Police
Ranges to run law and order smoothly in the
state.
lThere are 6 Revenue Ranges and three Police
Commissionaries-Panchkula, Gurugram and
Faridabad, in Haryana. Of these, Gurugram
Police Commissionary is the largest.
lHansi is considered as police district. It is the
largest Police Range in the state.
lAmbala was separated from Panchkula
Commissionary and made into a new Police
Range.
260 Know Your State Haryana

l Kaithal and Kurukshetra were separated from Haryana Police Officers

Ambala and included in Karnal Range. lHighest post in Haryana police is of
l Panipat was separated from Rohtak and added in Director General of Police (DGP).
Karnal Range. lEach of the Police Range is headed by an
l Bhiwani was separated from Hisar and added in officer not below the rank of Additional
Rohtak Range. Director General (ADG) of Police.
l Nuh and Palwal were separated from Gurugram lEach of the Police Range is sub-divided
and included in Faridabad Range. and is headed by Sub-Divisional Officer.
lEach district of Haryana is headed by
Police Commissionerates
District Superintendent of Police or
Police commissionerates of Haryana, total 3 in Deputy Commissioner of Police.
number, are as follows: lEach district is divided into district circle
Commissionerates Urban Area
which is headed by Circle Inspector.
Faridabad commissionerate Faridabad
lEach district circle is sub-divided into police
Gurugram commissionerate Gurugram
stations.
Panchkula commissionerate Panchkula
l Police stations are headed by Police
Police Ranges in Haryana Station Officer who is the police officer of
Police Range Districts Headquarters lowest rank.
Ambala Ambala, Yamunanagar and Ambala
Kurukshetra
Police Training Centres
Hisar Hisar, Hansi, Fatehabad, Hisar
lPolice training centres in Haryana are
Sirsa and Jind situated in Bhondsi (Gurugram) and Sunaria
Karnal Karnal, Panipat and Kaithal Karnal (Rohtak).
Rohtak Rohtak, Jhajjar, Sonipat, Rohtak lCommando Training Complex is situated
Bhiwani and Charkhi- Dadri in Newal of Karnal district.
Rewari Rewari, Palwal, Rewari
Mahendragarh and Nuh
lHaryana Police Academy is situated in
Madhuban of Karnal, in which world class
Revenue Ranges in Haryana facilities are available for training of police
Revenue Range Districts officers and judicial and administrative
Ambala Ambala, Yamunanagar, Panchkula and officers.
Kurukshetra lIn-service training is also given in this
Karnal Karnal, Panipat and Kaithal academy and ‘In-service Courses’ are also
Rohtak Rohtak, Jhajjar, Sonipat, Bhiwani and available.
Charkhi-Dadri
lState Forensic Science Laboratory was
Hisar Hisar, Fatehabad, Jind and Sirsa
set-up in Rohtak in 1973, but in 1976, it
Gurugram Gurugram, Rewari and Mahendragarh
was shifted to Madhuban of Karnal
Faridabad Faridabad, Palwal and Nuh district.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. In which year the High Court of Judicature 10. Haryana Judicial Service is divided into
at Lahore was established ? [HSSC 2019] ......... .
(a) 1909 (b) 1919 (c) 1929 (d) 1939 (a) Haryana Civil Judicial Service
(b) Haryana Higher Judicial Service
2. Before independence the High Court of
(c) Both (a) and (b)
Punjab and Haryana was situated at which
(d) None of the above
place? [Haryana Accountant 2019,PGT 2016]
(a) Lahore (b) Islamabad 11. Which of the following is a quasi-judicial
(c) Peshawar (d) Rawalpindi institution in Haryana?
(a) Family Court
3. After partition, East Court of Punjab was
(b) Administrative Tribunal
established at
(c) Environmental Court
(a) Delhi (b) Chandigarh
(d) Revenue Court
(c) Shimla (d) Lahore
12. Where is Haryana State Legal Services
4. During which year seat of Punjab High
Authority set up?
Court shifted to Chandigarh?
(a) Ambala (b) Rohtak
(a) 1947 (b) 1950 (c) 1951 (d) 1955
(c) Chandigarh (d) Panchkula
5. Who designed the High Court building of
13. When was first permanent Lok Adalat set
Chandigarh?
up in Haryana?
(a) Edwin Lutyens (b) Le Corbusier
(a) 7th August, 1998 (b) 17th January, 1955
(c) Laurie Baker (d) Both (a) and (b)
(c) 10th May, 2005 (d) 1st November, 1966
6. What is the number of permanent judges in
14. Which statement holds true for Lok Adalats?
High Court of Punjab and Haryana?
(a) It is a Civil Court.
(a) 68 (b) 58 (c) 39 (d) 48
(b) It is a platform for peaceful resolution of
7. Who was the first Chief Justice of Punjab conflicts.
and Haryana High Court? (c) Appeal against judgement is not possible.
[Haryana Lab Attendant 2021, 18, 16] (d) All of the above
(a) Sodhi Ranjan Das 15. Special Commercial Court of Haryana is at
(b) Eric Weston (a) Chandigarh (b) Panipat
(c) Amar Nath Bhandari (c) Faridabad (d) Gurugram
(d) Ram Lal
16. Where in Haryana is Environmental Court
8. Who among the following was a Chief held?
Justice of Haryana High Court and also (a) Faridabad (b) Kurukshetra
served as a Governor? (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
(a) Ranjit Singh Narula (b) Harbans Singh
(c) Mukul Mudgal (d) AK Sikri 17. How many environmental courts have been
established by the State Government of
9. As on 1st February 2020, who is the Chief Haryana?
Justice of High Court of Haryana? (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
[HSSC-Rield Cadre 2020]
(a) Justice Ravi Shankar Jha 18. Which place in Haryana do not has a
(b) Justice Ajay Tiwari District Consumer Court?
(c) Justice N.V. Ramana (a) Hisar (b) Mahendragarh
(d) Justice Alok Sood (c) Bhiwani (d) Charki-Dadri
262 Know Your State Haryana

19. Who was the first Advocate General of 29. When was Haryana Staff Selection
Haryana? [Haryana Panchayat Officer 2017] Commission formed? [Haryana Accountant 2018]
(a) Krishna Murari (a) 26th January, 1960
(b) DK Jain (b) 2nd October, 1975
(c) Babu Anandswarup (c) 10th December, 1965
(d) Premchand Jain (d) 28th January, 1970
20. Who was first Lokayukta of Haryana? 30. Where is Haryana Public Service
(a) Naval Kishore Aggarwal Commission situated? [HSSC 2019]
(b) Pritam Pal Singh (a) Sonipat (b) Panipat
(c) Babu Parmanand (c) Gurugram (d) Panchkula
(d) Ranjeet Kumar
31. Who appoints the Chairman of Haryana
21. What is the tenure of Lokayuktas in Haryana? Public Service Commission?
(a) 6 years (b) 2 years [Haryana Fire Station Officer 2019]
(c) 5 years (d) 4 years (a) President
22. Where is the office of State Vigilance (b) Governor
Bureau situated? (c) Chief Minister
(a) Panchkula (b) Hisar (d) None of the above
(c) Sonipat (d) Gurgaon 32. Where is Haryana Human Rights
23. In which year Special Inquiry Agency name Commission located?
changed to State Vigilance Bureau? (a) Chandigarh (b) Gurgaon
(a) 1980 (b) 1990 (c) Rohtak (d) Bhiwani
(c) 1972 (d) 1978 33. Who was the first Chairman of Haryana
24. How many members of District Vigilance Human Rights Commission?
Commission are selected by Haryana (a) Bijendra Jain
Lokayukta? (b) Premchand Jain
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) Anand Dev Kaushal
(c) 7 (d) 2 (d) Darbari Lal Gupta
25. Who appoints the members of State 34. What is the tenure of the Chairman of
Information Commission? Haryana State Commission for Women?
(a) Chief Justice of High Court (a) 2 years (b) 5 years
(b) Governor (c) 3 years (d) 1 year
(c) President
(d) Prime Minister 35. Where is State Police Headquarters of
Haryana situated? [HSSC 2019]
26. Where is Haryana State Information (a) Kurukshetra
Commission situated?
(b) Panchkula
(a) Panchkula (b) Chandigarh
(c) Karnal
(c) Gurugram (d) Ambala
(d) Ambala
27. Who was the first Commissioner of State
Election Commission of Haryana? 36. Which of the following is a police district
(a) Mehar Singh but not a state district of Haryana?
(b) Pritam Pal Singh [Haryana Junior Engineer 2019]
(c) JK Duggal (a) Palwal (b) Hansi
(d) Donald Falshaw (c) Manesar (d) None of these
28. Who appoints the Commissioner of Haryana 37. How many revenue divisions are there in
State Election Commission? Haryana? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Chief Minister (b) President (a) 7 (b) 6
(c) Chief Justice (d) Governor (c) 5 (d) 3
Haryana Judiciary 263

38. Jhajjar district of Haryana falls under 42. Consider the following statements.
which police range? I. After Shimla, the High Court of
(a) Karnal (b) Hisar Haryana was shifted to Chandigarh.
(c) Ambala (d) Rohtak II. Punjab and Haryana High Court is not
39. The district of Nuh in Haryana, comes the common High Court for the states of
under the administrative division of ......... . Punjab, Haryana and Union Territory
[HSSC 2020] of Chandigarh.
(a) Rohtak (b) Karnal Which of the statements given above
(c) Faridabad (d) Ambala is/are correct?
40. Rewari district of Haryana falls under (a) Only I (b) Only II
which of the following Revenue Range? (c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
(a) Karnal (b) Gurugram
43. Punjab and Haryana High Court is a
(c) Hisar (d) Rohtak
common High Court for
41. Which of the Police Training Centre also I. Punjab II. Haryana
has the Crime Record Bureau of Haryana?
(a) Madhuban III. Shimla IV. Chandigarh
(b) Sunaria Codes
(c) Bhondsi (a) I and II (b) I, II and III
(d) Kaithal (c) I, II and IV (d) All of these

Answers
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (d) 39. (c) 40. (b)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (c) 45. () 46. () 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 18
Local Self Government
in Haryana
l Local Self Government in India existed since
ancient times, when elected bodies like sabhas
and samitis existed such as the local
administration during the Cholas.
l There are two tiers of local self government in
India i.e. rural local self government and urban
self government.
l After independence, the Balwant Rai Mehta
Committee was formed in the year 1957.
With the recommendations of this committee
in year 1959, the Three-Tier Panchayati Raj
System introduced in Nagaur district of
Rajasthan along with all the states of India.
l In the year 1992, 73rd and 74th
Constitutional Amendment Acts were enacted
which gave constitutional status to Panchayati
Raj System.
l Under 73rd and 74th Constitutional
Amendment Act Part 9, many new provisions
and Schedule 11 and 12 have been added.
Panchayati Raj in Haryana
l Haryana adopted the Three-Tier Panchayati
Raj System in 1966 after becoming a separate
state.
l For the improvement in Panchayati Raj
System, the Haryana Government in 1972
formed a Samiti under the Chairmanship of
Mandu Singh Malik.
l Mandu Singh Malik Samiti recommended to
dissolve the Zila Parishad. As a result, Haryana
Government dissolved the Zila Parishad in
1973.
l In Haryana, the institutions related to
Panchayati Raj are elected by Haryana State
Election Commission. The headquarters
of Haryana Panchayat Bhawan is in
Chandigarh.
The three levels of Panchayati Raj System are
discussed below:
1. Gram Panchayat 2. Panchayat Samiti
3. Zila Parishad
1. Gram Panchayat
l It is the lowest level of the Three-Tier
Panchayati Raj System.
l Gram Panchayat is a powerful body headed by
a Sarpanch. No scheme or work can be
implemented without consent of Gram
Panchayat.
l The main source of income of Gram
Panchayats are grants-in-aid from government
or other concerned departments and they also
have own income from various sources.
l Gram Panchayat have three form i.e. Gram
Sabha, Panchayat and Nyaya Panchayat.
Local Self Government in Haryana
(i) Gram Sabha
l Gram Sabhas are formed by one or two villages.
l Each and every villager whose name is included
in the voter’s list and who has attained 18 years
of age, is the member of Gram Sabha.
l Gram Sabha consist of 1 Sarpanch (Head of
Gram Sabha) and 6 to 12 Panchs (Chiefs) from
different wards of the Panchayat area.
l Atleast two Gram Sabha meetings in an year
i.e. on 13th April and 2nd October is
mandatory in Haryana.
(ii) Panchayat
l Panchayat consist of 1 Sarpanch and other
members.
l Members of the Gram Sabha form the
Panchayat.
(iii) Nyaya Panchayat
l Each village has a Nyaya Panchayat to solve the
local problems. It constituted by the elected
members of the Panchayat.
l Nyaya Panchayat only tries to address the local
problem and it cannot assign jail term as a
form of punishment.
2. Panchayat Samiti
l Panchayat Samiti is the mid or second tier of
Panchayati Raj System. Panchayat Samiti is also
known as Block Samiti, Kshetra Samiti, Zonal
Council, etc.
l It is mainly formed by the head of the Gram
Panchayat, women representative and members
of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
l It consists of a Chairman, a Vice-Chairman,
directly elected members from territorial
constituencies as determined under Section 58
of the Act, and the members of Haryana
Legislative Assembly (representing
constituencies, which comprise wholly or
partly in the Panchayat Samiti.)
265
l Block Development Officer is the nodal
officer of Panchayat Samiti.
l As an administrator, Block Development
Officer is responsible for every activity and
fund utilisation in Gram Panchayats.
3. Zila Parishad
l This is the highest level of local government
in rural areas.
l It consists of members directly elected from
the wards in the districts, Chairman of all
Panchayat Samitis within the district, the
members of the House of People and
Members of Haryana Legislative Assembly
(whose constituency lies within the district or
part thereof ).
l The Directorate of Development and
Panchayat is the foremost institution of a Zila
Parishad for the best administration of
Panchayati Raj System in the state.
l It is headed by a Director, other officers are
District Development and Panchayat
Officers (DDPO) at District level and Block
Development and Panchayat Officers
(BDPOs) at Block level.
Haryana Panchayati Raj Act
l Before 1994, Punjab Gram Panchayat Act,
1952 and Punjab Panchayati Raj Act, 1952
were implemented in Haryana.
l Under Punjab Gram Panchayat Act, 1952
Act, Gram Panchayats were set up with a
tenure of 3 years and Sarpanch was elected by
the Panchs. There was no reservations for
women but one seat was reserved for SC
candidate in the Panchayats.
l The Punjab Gram Panchayat Act, 1952 was
amended in 1963 by the Government of
Punjab. According to it, the candidates were
directly chosen by voters and the tenure was
increased from 3 to 5 years.
266
l The State Government under Chief Minister
Bansi Lal brought changes in the Panchayati
Raj Act in 1971. Accordingly, the power to
chose Sarpanch was given back to the Panchs.
l The right to chose Sarpanch was amended
again by Chaudhary Devi Lal in 1978. It was
given to the voters.
l In 1991, further amendments were done,
according to which the tenure of Panchayats
was reduced to 3 years by the State
Government headed by Bhajan Lal.
Haryana Panchayati Raj Act, 1994
l As per 73rd Constitutional Amendment, the
Haryana Panchayati Raj Act was enacted on
22nd April, 1994.
l Chaudhary Bhajan Lal was the Chief Minister
of Haryana at that time.
l Haryana Panchayati Raj Election Rules, 1994
were formed on 24th August, 1994, followed
by Haryana Panchayati Rules on 16th
February, 1995.
l Thereafter Haryana Panchayati Raj
finance/budget/account/audit/taxation and
works rule were formulated on 14th August,
1996.
l This Act extends to whole of the state of
Haryana. Under the Act, the Panchayati Raj
Institutions have been entrusted with duties
and functions related to all the 29 subjects
listed in Eleventh Schedule of the
Constitution.
l The prominent subjects are fuel, bridges,
roads, electricity, family welfare, primary
education, health services, poverty eradication
programs, land reforms, consolidation of land
holdings (chakbandi) drinking water, animal
husbandry, animal fodder, canal and irrigation,
tree plantation, public distribution services,
markets and fairs, Khadi and Gramudyog, etc.
Know Your State Haryana
l According to Chapter X of Haryana
Panchayati Raj Act 1994, every Panchayat
Samiti shall appoint the following committees
namely
(a) General Committee
(b) Finance, Audit and Planning Committees
(c) Social Justice Committee
l In Section 164 of Part V, Haryana Panchayati
Raj Act 1994, it is stated that the State
Election Commission after consulting the
government, may prepare a voter list for every
electoral division in respect of Gram
Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila
Parishad.
l In Section 128 of Chapter XIV of Haryana
Panchayati Raj Act, 1994, it is stated that for
the transaction of business at a meeting of a
Zila Parishad, the quorum shall be:
(a) One-third if it is an ordinary meeting.
(b) One half of the member of members
actually serving for the time being, if it is a
special meeting.
Reservation in Panchayat as per the
Haryana Panchayti Raj Act, 1994
lThe Haryana Panchayati Raj Act, 1994
provides for the reservation of seats for
Scheduled Castes and women in proportion
to their population at all the three tiers of
PRIs.
lSchedule 1, provision 9(2) of this Act also
mandates that one-third seats shall be reserved
for women at all three-tiers including Schedule
Caste seats women also.
lAs per Article 9, Schedule 1 of this Act, seats
will be reserved for Scheduled Castes in every
Gram Panchayat. The number of seats
reserved will be in the same proportion to
the total population of Scheduled Castes in
that area.
Local Self Government in Haryana
l As per this Act, the allotment of seats is done
on rotational basis or through lottery.
l According to this Act, the post of Sarpanch
will be reserved for Scheduled Castes and
women based on their number.
l According to this Act, 2% or more backward
class population of the total population in each
Gram Panchayat will be divided into wards.
There will also be a Post in the Panchayat of
that area for backward classes.
Panchayati Raj Amendment
Act, 2015
The Haryana Legislative Assembly passed the
Panchayati Raj Amendment Act, 2015 with a
view to empowering the gram panchayat.
The main points of this act are as follows:
l Person to be elected in all the institutions of
Panchayati Raj should be educated till class
tenth.
l Women and Scheduled Castes should be
educated till class 8th and women of
Scheduled Caste should study upto class five to
be elected in these institutions.
l Haryana has become the Second State in India
after Rajasthan to mandate to fix minimum
educational qualification for those contesting
in Panchayati Raj Institutions. This came into
effect from 7th September, 2015.
l This act barred people from contesting
elections which are:
— People who were charged in a criminal case
that could be punished with imprisonment
of more than 10 years.
— Those who defaulted on agricultural loans.
— People with outstanding electricity bills.
— People do not having functional toilet at
home.
— People having less than minimum specified
educational qualifications.
267
l Haryana became the first state in India where
Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) were used
for voting in the Panchayat elections.
New Developments in
Panchayati Raj
l Sarpanch cannot keep more than the fixed
amount of cash reserve with himself. If he
kept more than fixed amount, then 21 per
cent interest will be charged on that excess
amount.
l No-confidence Motion against Sarpanch
cannot be raised in the Panchayat.
l Post of Up-Sarpanch (Deputy Chief ) is
diluted.
l Sarpanch and Panchs can be suspended for
6 years if they are reluctant to undertake
judicial matters or any of their
responsibilities.
l In Haryana, the representatives will have to
resign from their posts within 7 days from the
date of announcement of the program for
election of Panchayati Raj Institutions.
Power and Responsibilities of
Haryana Panchayats
l All Anganwadi centers and state run primary
schools will function under the supervision of
Panchayats.
l Representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions
will also be the members of Selection
Committee for Anganwadi assistants and
workers.
l The women members nominated by the Zila
Parishads and Panchayat Committees can take
Child Development Project Officer (CDPO)
with them for inspecting the Anganwadi
centres.
l Gram Panchayat recommends the people
eligible for old age pension, widow pension,
disability pension, etc.
268
l Gram Panchayat supervises the Public
Distribution System in the villages and
undertakes distribution of Ration Cards. It also
report the short comings of Public Distribution
System to the Controller of Gram Panchayat
food and supplies.
l On the recommendations of Panchayati Samiti,
Non-conventional sources of fuel like biogas
plant and improved chulha are made available
to people. In this regard, Gram Panchayat
reported to Panchayat Samiti.
l Gram Panchayat also prepares Annual
Development Plans and Budget Plans and also
organises sports competitions on district and
block level.
l If any person of any village is taken into custody
by police, then the Police Station Officer
informs the Sarpanch in this regard.
l On the recommendations of State Finance
Commission, the Panchayati Raj Institutions
are given 3 per cent of stamp duty and
registration fee as revenue.
l They also receive 20 per cent of the income
earned by the district through the organisation
of animal fares.
l State roadways buses of Haryana plying to all
the rural areas, fix their schedule and time table
according to the Panchayat Samiti and Zila
Parishad. If a new route has to be determined,
then the advice of Panchayati Raj Institutions is
given priority in this context.
l In Haryana, Zila Parishads are allowed to
undertake individual projects running upto ` 5
lakhs, Panchayat Samities can undertake
projects running upto ` 3 lakh and Gram
Panchayat can undertake projects running upto
` 1 lakh 25 thousand.
Know Your State Haryana
Gram Vikas Samiti
l
The Haryana Government formed Gram Vikas
Samiti with the objective to speed up the rural
development and bring transparency and quality
in the system. The Sarpanch is the head of the
Gram Vikas Samiti.
l
Gram Vikas Samiti were formed in 1992 and
registered under the Society Registration Act.
Its Members include Sarpanch, a Women Panch, a
Panch of SC and backward class respectively, one
retired defense personnel and two members of
Gram Sabhas.
l
The Samiti undertakes various developmental
works in villages such as running Adult Education
Programmes, Drought Management, Crop
Diversification, Community Development
Programmes, etc.
l
The funds that the Central and State
Governments send for the Gram Panchayats are
deposited in the village Development Fund and
the Sarpanch and two Members of the Village
Development Committee manage this fund.
State Finance Commission for
Panchayats
l Article 243 (1) and 243 (4) gives the
provision of the formation of State Finance
Commission for every 5 years.
l The Haryana State Finance Commission is
formed for a period of 5 years by the State
Governor as per Haryana Panchayati Raj Act
1947, Article 32 (A).
l The First Haryana State Finance
Commission was formed on 31st May,
1994.
l The fifth State Finance Commission of
Haryana was formed on 22nd May,
2016 Under the Chairmanship of Mukul
Ashar.
Local Self Government in Haryana
New Projects Related to
Panchayati Raj System
l Financial help given for the construction of toilets
is increased from ` 9100 to ` 12000 under Swachh
Bharat Mission.
l Haryana Government started the e-panchayat
services on 26th April, 2015 from Rohtak to
introduce and strengthen e-governance. 24th April
is celebrated as Panchayat Diwas. The e-portal run
by Haryana government is named as Mahari
Panchayat.
l The Sui village in Bhiwani district of Haryana was
declared as as the first Swa-Prerit Gram under the
Swa-Prerit (self driven) Adarsh Gram Yojana.
l 12 villages in Palwal and Faridabad were given ` 10
lakh each as development fund under Pradhan
Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (Prime Minister
Model Village Scheme). These villages have more
than 50 per cent of SC population.
l To empower women farmers, Women Farmer
Empowerment Scheme is launched in the districts
of Bhiwani, Jhajjar and Hisar.
l The scheme aims to strengthen small and marginal
farmers through promotion of community
managed sustainable agriculture and using locally
available resources.
l Haryana government started the Garvit Grameen
Yojana which is also known as Gramin Vikas ke
Liye Tarun. It was launched on the birth
anniversary of Swami Vivekananda in 2015. It
aims to provide self-employment opportunities to
educated youth. Under this scheme, free training
for skill development is provided and a ceritificate
is awarded on its successful completion.
l Water Conservation and Water Harvesting Scheme
was started in the state in 2016-17 for water
conservation and water harvesting in the
groundwater overflowing blocks.
269
Awards given to Gram
Panchayat in Haryana
The State government of Haryana gives
various awards to Gram panchayats. These
awards were initiated under Panchayat
Empowerment and Accountability Incentive
scheme run by Government of India in
2011-12. These awards are as follows:
l Best Performing Panchayat Award is given
to the best performing village in every
district of Haryana. A sum of ` 5 lakh is
awarded.
l Best Performing Gram Panchayat Award
including sum of ` 10 lakh is awarded to
the best Gram Panchayat in the State of
Haryana. This award is also called
Chaudhary Devi Lal Award.
l Three Zila Parishads in the state are selected
for performing best and awarded. First prize
of ` 8 lakh, second prize of ` 5 lakh and
third prize of ` 3 lakh.
l An award of ` 5 lakh is awarded to the
cleanest village where there is no open
defecation. Apart from the prize money, an
aid of ` 2400-8400 (depending upon the
population) is given to Gram panchayats
for maintaining environmental cleanliness.
l Five panchayats of Haryana were awarded
with Deen Dayal Upadhyay Panchayat
Sashaktikaran Puraskar on 24th April,
2015, on the occasion of National
Panchayat Day. These five panchayats
are-Doharka (Gurugram), Dabodha
(Gurugram), Nissing (Karnal), Dubri
(Karnal) and Zila Parishad of Kurukshetra.
l Gram Panchayat of Nissing Block of Karnal
was awarded with Rashtriya Gaurav Gram
Sabha Award.
270
Local Self Government in
Urban Areas
l Twelfth Schedule was added to the Indian
Constitution through the 74th Amendment
to the Constitution.
l This schedule include 18 subjects which are
related to the functions of urban local self
government.
l The urban areas are divided into several wards
to form urban local bodies.
l In Haryana, the system of local self
government in urban area is established
through 74th Amendment to the
Constitution.
l The election, tenure, reservation, etc in urban l A maximum of 5 committees can be formed by
local self government is similar to that of
Gram Panchayat.
l In 2016, the Haryana Government has
implemented the educational and character
conditions of Panchayati Raj Institutions in
urban local self government.
According to Section 2 of Haryana Municipality
Act, 1973, the urban local self government in
the state is divided into three parts which are as
follows:
1. Municipal Committee
2. Municipal Council
3. Municipal Corporation
1. Municipal Committee
l The small urban areas having population
20,000 to 300000 are managed by Municipal
Committees.
l In Haryana, the number of elected members
in municipalities ranges between 10 to 24 and
the number of nominated members are 2 or 3.
l The Municipal Committees include a
Chairperson, Deputy Chairperson and three
types of members which are elected,
nominated and ex-officio.
Know Your State Haryana
l Ex-officio members include Member of
Parliament, Member of Legislative Assembly and
Rajya Sabha members from that area.
2. Municipal Council
l It is an urban local body that administers a city
of population ranging from 3 lakh to 10 lakhs.
l The members include a Chairperson, a Deputy
Chairperson and three types of members which
are elected, nominated and ex-officio.
l The number of elected members of this Council
ranges from 25 to 55 and number of nominated
members are 3 to 5.
l In Haryana, there is women reservation of 50
per cent in all the seats of Municipal Council.
the Municipal Council.
3. Municipal Corporation
l The urban areas in Haryana which have a
population of over 10 lakhs is called Municipal
Corporation.
l The members include Mayor (head of
Municipal Corporation), Deputy Mayor, three
types of members which are elected, nominated
and ex-officio.
l The elections are held once in 5 years. The tenure
of mayor is 5 years. However, there is a provision
of bringing the no-confidence motion against
mayor after two years of holding the post.
l Number of elected members in municipal
corporations of Haryana ranges from 60
(or less) to 110 and number of nominated
members ranges from 5 to 10.
l In Haryana, there are 10 Municipal
Corporations. These are:
1. Faridabad 2. Gurugram
3. Ambala 4. Panchkula
5. Yamunanagar 6. Rohtak
7. Hisar 8. Panipat
9. Karnal 10. Sonipat
Local Self Government in Haryana
l Faridabad is the largest and oldest (formed in
May 1994) Municipal Corporation and
Sonipat is the smallest (formed on 1st June,
2015) Municipal Corporation of the State.
l Seven districts of Haryana received the status
of Municipal Corporation in 2010. These are
Hisar, Rohtak, Panchkula, Yamunanagar,
Karnal, Ambala and Panipat.
l In Haryana, initially one Mayor and one
Deputy Mayor were elected from among the
councillors of each ward. However, from 5th
September, 2018, the Mayors are directly
elected through elections. These elections are
also known as Mayoral elections.
Haryana Municipal Amendment
Bill, 2016
l The Haryana Municipal Amendment Bill was
passed by Legislative Assembly of Haryana on
31st March, 2016 to develop the Three-Tier
System of urban local self government.
l The bill seeks to amend Section 13 (A) of
Haryana Municipal Act 1973 and Section 8 of
Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994.
l As per the amendment, male candidate
desiring to contest the elections must possess
matriculation (class X) certificate as the
minimum educational qualification.
271
l Women candidate and Sheduled Caste
candidate desiring to contest the elections are
required to be at least 8th pass.
l SC women candidate contesting the elections
are required to be atleast 5th pass.
l All candidates are needed to file a self declaration
that they have a functional toilet at home.
l This Bill also barred people from contesting
election which are:
— People who were charged in a criminal case
that could be punished with imprisonment
of 10 years.
— Defaulters of cooperative loans, government
loans and electricity bills.
— People who do not have functional toilet at
home.
Haryana Municipal Amendment
Bill, 2017
l This act is enacted by the Legislative Assembly
of Haryana 2017.
l Some changes have been done in Haryana
Municipal Corporation Act, 1994 under this
Amendment bill.
l According to this Amendment Bill, the
Municipal Committees can be formed in the
cities with a population of more than 3 lakhs.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Which is the lowest level of the Haryana 8. Which Chief Minister of Haryana amended
Panchayati Raj system? [HSSC 2020, the Panchayati Raj Act and gave back the
Haryana Clerk Exam 2019] right to choose Sarpanch to the voters?
(a) Nyaya Panchayat (a) Chaudhary Devi Lal
(b) Zila Panchayat (b) Bhajan Lal
(c) Gram Panchayat (c) Bansi Lal
(d) Block Panchayat (d) Manohar Lal Khattar
2. How many meetings should be held by 9. In which year Chaudhary Devi Lal
Gram Sabha mandatorily in Haryana in an amended the Panchayat Act?
year? (a) 1970 (b) 1994
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 1978 (d) 1964
(c) 5 (d) 3 10. Who reduced the tenure of Panchayats from
3. Which is the middle level of the Panchayati 5 to 3 years?
Raj System in Haryana? [HSSC 2021] (a) Bansi Lal
(a) Gram Sabha (b) Zila Parishad (b) Bhajan Lal
(c) Panchayat Samiti (d) None of these (c) Om Prakash Chautala
(d) Banarasi Das
4. Which amongst the following is the second
tier of Panchayati Raj in Haryana? 11. On which date Haryana Panchayati Raj Act
[HSSC 2020] came into force? [Haryana Clerk Exam 2019]
(a) Gram Panchayat (a) 1st April, 1994 (b) 22nd April, 1994
(b) Panchayat Samiti (c) 1st April, 1993 (d) 23rd April, 1994
(c) District Panchayat
12. Who was the Chief Minister of Haryana at
(d) Zila Parishad
the time of Haryana Panchayati Raj Act,
5. Block Development and Panchayat Officer 1994?
is selected for which of the tier of (a) Chaudhary Devi Lal
Panchayat? (b) Chaudhary Bhajan Lal
(a) District Level (b) Block Level (c) Chaudhary Bansi Lal
(c) Village Level (d) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above
6. Which is the highest level of governance in 13. After 73rd Constitutional Amendment,
rural Haryana? functions related to how many subjects have
(a) Panchayat Samiti been entrusted to PRIs?
(b) Taluka Samiti (a) 29 subjects (b) 11 subjects
(c) Block Panchayat (c) 23 subjects (d) None of these
(d) Zila Parishad
14. Which of the following committees is not
7. Before the enactment of Haryana approved by the Panchayat Samiti
Panchayati Raj Act, the panchayats in according to Haryana Panchayati Raj Act,
Haryana were formed under which act? 1994? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Panchayati Raj Act, 1994 (a) Health and Welfare Committee
(b) Punjab Gram Panchayat Act, 1952 (b) Finance, Audit and Planning Committee
(c) Panchayati Raj Act, 1971 (c) Social Justice Committee
(d) All of the above (d) General Committee
Local Self Government in Haryana 273

15. In Section 164 of Haryana Panchayati Raj 22. From which date, the mandate to fix
Act, 1994 which of the following provision is minimum qualifications for Panchayats
accepted? [Haryana Clerkship Exam 2021] adopted in Haryana?
(a) Preparing the list of voters (a) 7th December, 2017
(b) Declaring the holidays (b) 10th January, 2000
(c) Mentioning the duties of members (c) 7th September, 2015
(d) None of the above (d) 10th April, 2008
16. According to Haryana Panchayati Raj Act 23. In which state, EVM were used for the first
1994, at a special meeting of Zila Parishad, time in Panchayat elections?
the quorum shall be.......... . [Haryana Clerk Exam 2019]
(a) One third of total members (a) Rajasthan (b) Haryana
(b) One half of the member of members (c) Himachal Pradesh (d) Gujarat
actually serving for the time being 24. For how many years, a Sarpanch can be
(c) Half of total members suspended if found reluctant to undertake
(d) One third of the present members his duties properly in Haryana?
17. The Panchayati Raj Act 1994, reserves (a) 6 (b) 4
............ seats for women in all the three (c) 2 (d) 5
tiers of local government?
25. Which form of local government in rural
(a) One-tenth (b) One-third Haryana should also have one defense
(c) One-fourth (d) One-sixth personnel as its member?
18. Which of the following statements (a) Gram Vikas Samiti (b) Gram Sabha
regarding Haryana Panchayati Raj Act, (c) Gram Panchayat (d) Zila Parishad
1994 is incorrect?
26. What is the tenure for the working of the
(a) It provides for a Three-Tier Panchayati Raj Finance Commission?
System.
(a) 6 years (b) 3 years
(b) It provides for reservation of seats for
(c) 4 years (d) 5 years
Scheduled Tribes.
(c) It provides for reservation of seats for 27. When was the first State Finance
Scheduled Castes. Commission formed in Haryana?
(d) None of the above [HSSC 2020]
19. What is the minimum educational (a) 26th April, 1994 (b) 31st May, 1994
qualification fixed by Haryana Government (c) 15th October, 1994 (d) 2nd June, 1994
for people to contest elections under 28. What is the e-portal of local governance of
Panchayati Raj Amendment Act, 2015? rural areas of Haryana called?
[Haryana Group D 2018] (a) Apna Panchayat
(a) Graduate (b) Higher Secondary (b) Haryana Panchayat
(c) Secondary (d) Primary (c) Mahari Panchayat
20. What is the minimum qualification needed (d) Panchayat Mission
to contest in Panchayat elections by women 29. Villages of Palwal and Faridabad were
of Scheduled Castes in Haryana? chosen for initiating which scheme by the
[Haryana Group D 2018] Central Government?
(a) Class X pass (b) Class VIII pass (a) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
(c) Class XII pass (d) None of these (b) Gramin Vikas Ke Liye Yojana
21. Haryana Government has fixed ........ (c) Prime Minister Model Village Scheme
qualification for those contesting in (d) Women Farmer Empowerment Scheme
Panchayati Raj institutions. 30. In which year the Garvit Grameen Yojana
[Haryana Group D 2015] started by Haryana Government?
(a) Post Graduate (b) Educational (a) 2015 (b) 2008
(c) Primary (d) Various (c) 2010 (d) 2016
274 Know Your State Haryana

31. What is the prize money given to the 40. Which is the smallest Municipal
cleanest village in Haryana? Corporation of Haryana? [HSSC 2021]
(a) ` 2 lakh (b) ` 5 lakh (a) Sonipat (b) Faridabad
(c) ` 8 lakh (d) ` 1 lakh (c) Karnal (d) Rohtak
32. Which of the following award given in 41. When was the Haryana Municipal
Haryana is also called Chaudhary Devi Lal Amendment Bill passed by Legislative
Award? Assembly? [Haryana Lab Attendant 2018]
(a) Best Performing Gram Panchayat (a) 7th August, 2014
(b) Cleanest Village Award (b) 28th February, 2017
(c) Best Performing Zila Parishad (c) 19th December, 2015
(d) Best Village Award (d) 31st March, 2016
33. Which among the folowing panchayat of 42. What is the minimum qualification of male
Haryana received the Panchayat candidates contesting in urban local bodies
Sashaktikaran Puruskar in 2015? of Haryana? [Haryana Clerk Exam 2016]
(a) Doharka (b) Dabodha (a) MBBS (b) LLB (c) 12th (d) 10th
(c) Dubri (d) All of these
43. Haryana Municipal Corporation
34. Which panchayat of Haryana received Amendment Bill was enacted in which year
Rashtriya Gaurav Gram Sabha Puruskar? by Haryana Legislature?
(a) Nissing (b) Jagadhri [Haryana Tabla Player 2018]
(c) Dubri (d) Naraingarh (a) 2015 (b) 2014
35. Under which Amendment Act, local bodies (c) 2012 (d) 2017
are given constitutional status? 44. Consider the following statements.
(a) 73rd (b) 75th (c) 74th (d) 92nd I. Haryana Panchayati Raj Act was
36. How many tiers of local governance is fixed passed in the year 1994.
by the Haryana Municipal Act? II. It adopted Two-Tier Panchayati Raj
(a) Three (b) Four System.
(c) Two (d) None of these Which of the statements given above
37. What is the percentage of women is/are incorrect?
reservation in Municipal Council of (a) Only I (b) Only II
Haryana? (c) Both I and II (d) None of these
(a) 30 (b) 50 (c) 10 (d) 65 45. Consider the following statements.
38. How many Municipal Corporations are I. There is no reservation for women in
there in Haryana? [HSSC 2021, 16] Panchayats of Haryana.
(a) 21 (b) 5 II. There is no reservation for SCs and STs
(c) 16 (d) 10 in Panchayats of Haryana.
39. Which among the following cities in Which of the statements given above
Haryana has a Municipal Corporation? is/are correct?
(a) Kurukshetra (b) Sirsa (a) Only I (b) Only II
(c) Bhiwani (d) Ambala (c) Both I and II (d) None of these

Answers
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (c) 30. (a)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (a) 35. (c) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (a)
41. (d) 42. (d) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (d) 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 19
District Profile of Haryana
l Haryana became a separate state on 1st November, 1966, with seven districts which are Ambala,
Jind, Kannal, Hisar, Rohtak, Gurugram (Gurgaon) and Mahendragarh. Later 15 districts were
added by re-organising the erstwhile districts.
l The districts in Haryana were created in the following years such as Bhiwani and Sonipat on 22nd
December,1972, Kurukshetra on 23rd January,1973, Sirsa on 26th August,1975, Faridabad on
15th August 1979, Kaithal, Panipat, Rewari and Yamunanagar on 1st November,1989, Panchkula
on 15th August, 1995, Fatehabad and Jhajjar on 15th July, 1997, Nuh (Mewat) on 4th April, 2005
and Palwal on 15th August, 2008.
l On 1st December, 2016, Charkhi-Dadri district was formed as the 22nd district of Haryana. At
present, Haryana has 6 administrative divisions and 22 districts. These 22 districts include tehsils,
sub-divisions and blocks.

Divisions of Haryana
Haryana is divided into six divisions for administrative purpose. These are:
1. Ambala Division
Ambala, Kurukshetra, Yamunanagar and Panchkula.
2. Faridabad Division
Faridabad, Nuh and Palwal.
3. Gurugram Division
Gurugram, Mahendragarh and Rewari.
4. Hisar Division
Hisar, Jind, Sirsa and Fatehabad.
5. Rohtak Division
Rohtak, Sonipat, Bhiwani, Jhajjar and Charkhi-Dadri.
6. Karnal Division
Karnal, Panipat and Kaithal.
276 Know Your State Haryana

HIMACHAL
PRADESH

Panchkula
AN D
R AKH
UTTA

PUNJAB
Ambala
Yamunanagar

Kurukshetra

Kaithal
Karnal

UTTAR
Sirsa Fatehabad PRADESH

Jind Panipat

Hisar
RAJASTHAN
Sonipat

Rohtak
Bhiwani

Jhajjar DELHI
Charkhi-Dadri

Gurugram
Faridabad
Rewari

Narnaul Nuh Palwal

▲ DISTRICTS OF HARYANA
District Profile of Haryana 277

1. Ambala Division
Ambala (Mixi City) Important Facts
Ambala is located in the North of Haryana lThe origin of the name of Ambala is believed to
state. The district is surrounded by be in the name of Ambalika, a character in
Yamunanagar to the East, Panchkula to the Mahabharata.
North, districts Mohali and Patiala (Punjab) to lAccording to some beliefs, it is called Ambala
the West and district Kurukshetra to the South. due to the large number of mango orchards in
Brief Information Ambala, but according to District Gazetteer,
Ambala was founded by Amba Rajput in the
Establishment 1st November, 1966
14th century.
Area 1.574 sq km
lAnother belief is that it was named Ambala
Headquarter Ambala City
after Amba Devi (Bhavani Devi). The temple of
Population 1128350, Amba Devi is also presently located in Ambala.
( Male-598703, Female-529647)
lAmbala is a major and historical district of the
Decadal Growth 12.1%
Rate
state. According to historical evidence Aryans
resided in Ambala and made Ambala their
Sex-Ratio 885
capital.
Literacy Rate 81.75%
lBritish ruled over Ambala in 1823 and made it
Male Literacy 88.5% the headquarters of the political agent for the
Female Literacy 76.6% states near the Satluj river.
Population Density 717 person/sq km lIn 1842, Ambala was subjugated to Shimla.
Soil Yellow lThe cantonment was established in 1843 AD
Crops Wheat, paddy, maize, sugarcane from Karnal to Ambala and it received the
Rivers Ghaggar, Markanda, Tangri status of district in 1847 AD.
Main Mineral Limestone lAt the time of its formation, its tehsils were
Industries Cement, Sugar, Sewing
Ambala, Ropar Kharar, Jagadhri, Naraingarh
Machine, and Electrical and Nalagarh.
Equipment, Handloom, lIn 1859, Ambala became the headquarter of the
Agricultural Machine and Grinder
Mixer.
district which was under the administration of
Punjab.
Fairs Bawan Dwadashi, Teej Mela,
Guga Navami Fair lThe Revolt of 1857 was first started in
Tourist Places Mahaveer Udyan, Indira Udyan,
Ambala in Haryana. Viceroy Lord Canning
Badshahi Bagh Gurdwara, Sis Ganj Gurdwara, Manji introduced the postal facility in Ambala in
Sahib Gurdwara, Sangeet Sahib Gurdwara, Ambika Devi 1860 AD.
Temple, Sharda Temple, Radha-Kishan Temple,
Bhawani Amba Temple, Lakhi shah Dargah, Taqwal
lAmbala was connected to the railway line in
Shah’s Dargah, St. Paul’s Church, Kingfisher, Naugaja 1880 AD.
Peer, Morni Hills, Gurdwara Lakhnore Sahib Shaheed lThe Simon Commission, set up on 8th
Memorial
November, 1927, was opposed in Ambala.
278
l Nathuram Godse was hanged in Ambala jail
on 15th November, 1949.
l The Regional Archives at Ambala was
established on 1st April, 1986.
l Ambala is a major military city of India.
l Ambala is also known as Scientific City
because about 35% of scientific instruments
are manufactured here.
l Mixi industry, metal casting, submarine motor
pump, gas-stove, engineering related
equipments etc. are the major industries in
Ambala.
l The glass industry of Ambala is famous since
World War II. The headquarter of the
Northern Railway Zone is located in Ambala.
The Frozen Tier Martyr Memorial is also
located at Ambala Airfield.
l Ambala is also famous for its carpet industry
called Dari in the common language.
l Railway garages, wagon workshops and
food processing centers are located in Ambala.
Kurukshetra (Dharma Nagari)
It is located in the Northern part of the state.
Kurukshetra district is surrounded by Ambala in
the North, Patiala district of Punjab in the
North-West, Yamunanagar in the North-East,
Kaithal in the West and South-West and Karnal
district in the South.
Brief Information
Establishment 23rd January, 1973
Area 1530 sq km
Headquarter Kurukshetra
Population 964655 (Males-510976,
Females-453679)
Decadal Growth Rate 16.8%
Sex-Ratio 888
Literacy Rates 76.7% (Male Literacy-83.5%,
Female Literacy-69.2%)
Population Density 630 person/sq km
Know Your State Haryana
Soil Yellow
Crops Rivers Wheat, paddy, sugarcane
Markanda, Ghaggar, Apaga
Tourist Places Dukh Bhanjan Mahadev temple. Narayan
Temple, Lakshmi Narayan Temple, Sarveshwar Temple,
Birla Mandir, Bhadrakali Shaktipeeth, Sthaneshwar
Mahadev Temple, Sri Krishna Museum, Neel Kranti Dam,
Parakeet, Brahmasarovar, Jyotisar, Valmiki Ashram,
Kamal Nath Teerth, Kamali Wale Baba ka Dera, Narkatari
Teerth.
Important Facts
lKurukshetra was situated between the
Saraswati and the Drishadvati rivers. The
region was named Kurukshetra after the name
of King Kuru.
lMaharishi Ved Vyas composed the
Mahabharata while sitting on the banks of the
river Saraswati. Mahabharata is the world’s
largest epic. Its other names are Jaya Samhita
and Satasahasri Samhita.
lThere was a battle between 10 kings in
Kurukshetra even before Mahabharata
period.
lDescription about Kurukshetra is also found
in Rigveda and Yajurveda of Vedic period. The
Saraswati river of this region is considered
sacred.
lKurukshetra is also known as the cradle of the
Vedic Civilization. It is the main center of
Aryan culture.
lKurukshetra is famous for the Mahabharata
War and the preaching of Srimad Bhagavad
Gita by Shri Krishna. It was the capital of
Hastinapur in ancient times.
lSince ancient times, Kurukshetra is considered
as the starting point of great Hindu
pilgrimage.
lIt is the main religious place of the state. It is
also called ‘Dharmanagri’. Here on the
occasion of solar eclipse, devotees from all over
the country come to bathe and worship. There
are about 360 religious places here.
District Profile of Haryana
l Bhadrakali Shaktipeeth is one of the famous
51 Shaktipeeths of India which is located in
Kurukshetra.
l Sankaracharya of Kamakoti Peeth built the
temple of Krishna - Arjuna Rath and
Sankaracharya temple near Jyotisar Sarovar. It
was at Jyotisar that Sri Krishna preached the
Gita to Arjuna.
l Thanesar is an ancient city located in
Kurukshetra. Thanesar was the capital of
Srikanth Janapada district in ancient India.
The emergence of Vardhana clan took place in
Thanesar.
l In Buddhist and Jain literature, Thanesar is
mentioned in the name of Thun or Thuna
village.
l This region is famous for rice cultivation;
mainly basmati rice is produced here. Asia’s
second largest grain market is located at
Ladwa in Kurukshetra.
279
l Kurukshetra is a rich district in terms of
agriculture. Kurukshetra is called the rice bowl
of India along with Karnal and Kaithal.
l Purushottam park, Harshvardhan park, and
Tapovan park are located here. Hence
Kurukshetra is also known as City of Park.
l In the year 1911, Swami Shraddhanand laid
the foundation of Gurukul in Kurukshetra.
Kurukshetra University was established in the
year 1956. P. Sthanu Dutt Sharma played an
important role in the establishment of a
Manuscript museum located in Kurukshetra
University.
l Kalpana Chawla Planetarium is built in the
memory of Kalpana Chawla, the first Indian
woman astronaut in Kurukshetra.
l Cooperative Sugar Mill is located at Shahabad
in Kurukshetra.
l Kurukshetra Mahotsav is organised in this
district every year in the month of December.
280 Know Your State Haryana

Yamunanagar l Adibadri in Yamunanagar has a confluence of

It is located in the North-East of the state. The Saraswati and Somb rivers which is called
Yamunanagar district, situated at the foothills of Saraswati-Somb Prayag.
the Shivalik hills, is a rich natural area. The l It is also known as Jagadhri Yamunanagar due to
Northern region of the district is a piedmont having Jagadhri Railway Station in the district.
plain. It is bounded by Himachal Pradesh in the l Clusters of plywood units and sugar mills are
North, Uttar Pradesh in the East, Ambala in the in abundance amount in this district.
West and Kurukshetra district in the South.
l In Yamunanagar, fruits and vegetables are
Brief Information produced in large quantities.
Establishment 1st November, 1989 l In Yamunanagar, liquor, hydraulic jack parts,
Area 1756 sq km copper and aluminium utensils are also made.
Headquarter Yamunanagar l This city is famous for timber and metal
Population 1214205 market since ancient times. Timber market in
(Male-646718, Female-567487) Yamunanagar was established in the year 1947.
Decadal Growth Rate 16.6% It was known as Abdullapur Mandi.
Sex-Ratio 877 l Distillery at Yamunanagar was established in
Literacy Rate 78.9 (Male Literacy-85.1%, the year 1969.
Female Literacy-72.0%) l The Mumbai Railway Carriage and Wagon
Population Density 687 person/sq km Workshop and factories of Bharat Starch
Soils Red, loam Chemicals Limited are also located in
Crops Wheat, sugarcane, gram, maize, Yamunanagar.
paddy, sunflower l The railway office is also located at Jagadhri in
Rivers Yamuna, Somb, Boli, Saraswati, Yamunanagar district.
Chautag and Rakshi river
l The Saraswati River Research Institute is
Industries Sugar, Paper and Ammunition
Industry located at Adibadri in Yamunanagar.
Tourist Places Gurdwara Lakhan Majra, Gurdwara l Jagadhri of Yamunanagar is the main centre of
Kapal Mochan, Birbal’s Rangmahal, Hathni Kund manufacturing of brass utensils in India.
Barrage, Tajewala Complex, Kalesar, Chitta Temple, Lord
Parashuram Sarvadharma Temple, Adi Badrinath Temple,
l Saraswati Sugar Mill located in Jagadhri,
Panchmukhi Hanuman Temple, Kalesar Wildlife Yamunanagar is Asia’s largest sugar mill.
Sanctuary, Chaneti Stupa, Shri Kaleshwar Mahadev Math l Saraswati Heritage Development Board has
Important Facts been established for research and restoration of
Saraswati river in the state.
lIn the Mahabharata period, Jagadhri of
Yamunanagar was also called Yogendra or l It is being developed as an international
Yogendri. Yogendra was called a warrior, a pilgrimage site due to the excavation of
kingdom, a place or a mountain. Saraswati river at Mughalavali in Yamunanagar.
lThe ancient name of Yamunanagar was l Yamunanagar in Haryana is also known as the
Abdullapur. Yamunanagar is a prosperous City of Paper.
industrial city in the state. l Buriya This town is located on the banks of
lSome old coins of the Samudragupta, and river Yamuna in Jagadhri. In the 18th century
Chauhans and Tomars of Delhi have been it was the headquarters of the Princely State of
found from Jagadhri place of Yamunanagar. Kaswa Buriya. The Princely State of Buriya
District Profile of Haryana
was founded by Sardar Nanhu Singh of
Bhangi Misal. A 500-year-old Digambar
Jain temple is also located in this town.
l Mustafabad The Mustafabad principality of
Yamunanagar was founded by Jat Desu
Singh Dallewala in 1763.
l Sadhaura It was a part of the Princely State of
Naraingarh in the 19th century. Gagarwala,
Manokamna and Torawala are the main
temples of this place. The association of Peer
Budhu Shah is also believed to be from the
village of Sadhaura. There is also a
Gurdwara named after Buddhu Shah.
Panchkula (Nano City)
It is located in the North of the state.
Panchkula district is the area between the
Yamuna-Ghaggar Plain and the Shivalik
Range. The Northern part of the district is an
extension of the Shivalik range and the
Southern part is a piedmont plain.
Brief Information
Establishment 15th August, 1995, separated
from Ambala and become the
17th district
Area 898 sq km
Headquarter Panchkula
Population 561293
(Male-299679, Female-261614)
Decadal Growth Rate 19.3%
Sex Ratio 873
Literacy Rate 83.4% (Male Literacy-86.6%,
Female Literacy-77.5%)
Population Density 625 person/sq km
Soil Red
Crops Rice, wheat, gram
Rivers Ghaggar, Sirsa, Kaushalya
Industries Electronic Equipments, HMT
Tourist Places Mansa Devi Temple, Bhima Devi
Temple, Chandi Temple, Kalka Devi Temple, Mata
Samlotha Temple, Gurdwara Nada Sahib, Budhiya
Palace, Tikkar Tal Lake
281
Important Facts
lThis district was formed on 15th August, 1995
by combining the Kalka and Panchkula tehsils of
Ambala district.
lIt is the second smallest district in the state by
area.
lThe origin of the name Panchkula is believed to
be from the local word Panch (five) and Kul
(canals), hence, Panchkula is also called the city
of Five Irrigation Canals.
lThese canals of the state receive water from
Ghaggar river. They extend from Nada Sahib to
Mansa Devi.
lMohali, Chandigarh and Panchkula are also
called tricity.
lGhaggar is the main river of Panchkula district,
it was earlier known as Saraswati.
lPanchkula district is a hilly region. Many places in
this district are connected with the Pandavas.
lThe climate of Panchkula district is tropical
continental. The climate of the district is
favourable for vegetative growth.
lMorni hills are situated in Panchkula which have
Karoh Peak (1514 m), the highest point of the
state. Tropical and dry deciduous forests are
found in Panchkula district.
lBhupendra Cement Manufacturing Factory and
Bharat Electricals, etc. are located in Panchkula.
Spare parts of tractor are manufactured by
Hindustan Machine Tools Limited in Panchkula.
lPanchkula is highly affected by the earthquake
due to being located in the Himalayan boundary
fault zone.
lYadavindra Gardens located in Pinjore of
Panchkula has been included in UNESCO. It is
called the Nandan forest of Northern India. A
mango fair is held every year in this garden.
lAn IT park was also established in Panchkula in
the year 2008. Panchkula is highly famous for
electronic goods.
282 Know Your State Haryana

l Panchkula is home to Asia’s largest cactus garden Panchkula is a satellite city of the Union
Territory of Chandigarh.
l The Chandi Mandir Cantonment is also located here, which is the headquarters of the Western
Command of the Indian Army. The headquarters of Haryana Public Service Commission is located
in Panchkula.

2. Faridabad Division
Faridabad l According to religious beliefs, the city of
It is located in the Southern part of the state. It Faridabad was founded in 1607 by Sheikh
is bordered by Gurugram in the West, Palwal in Farid. Faridabad is famous for the Henna
the South, Uttar Pradesh in the East and the production.
national capital Delhi in the North. l The city of Faridabad is a leading industrial city
Brief Information of Haryana.
Establishment Became 12th district of Haryana
l Cera Sanitary Ware Limited, Escort Limited,
on 15th August, 1979 Eicher Limited, JCB India Limited, Kelvinator
Area 741 sq km (lowest area) Refrigerator, Bata India Limited, etc. industries
Headquarter Faridabad are located in Faridabad.
Population 1809733 (Male-966110, l The village of Faridabad, Tigaon is called the
Female-843623) village of the immortal martyrs.
Decadal Growth Rate 31.7% l The Environmental Court has also been
Sex-Ratio 873
established in Faridabad.
Literacy Rate 83.0% (Male Literacy-89.9%,
Female Literacy,75.2%)
l Raja Nahar Singh Base of Indian Air Force is
Population Density 2298 person/sq km located in Faridabad.
Soil Yellow l Nahar Singh Stadium was established in 1981
Canal/River Gurugram Canal and Yamuna in Faridabad. It is an international level cricket
River stadium.
Crops Wheat, millet, mustard l The first international level match was held
Major Mineral Gravel here on 19th January, 1988 (India / West
Industries Paper, Cotton Textile, Agricultural Indies).
Machinery, Leather, Plastic,
Tire-Tube Motorcycles, Tractors
l Regional Center for Biotechnology is also
and Electronic Industries located in Faridabad.
Fairs Samadhi Fair of Baba Udasnath ji l Faridabad is the densely populated district with
Tourist Places Barkhal Lake, Raja Nahar Singh highest population and highest urban
Palace, Shine Temple, Surya Mandir, Megapai Aravalli population and also has the highest number of
Golf Ground, Place of Sati (Hodal)
females in the state.
Important Facts l Faridabad has the highest population
lThis district was formed on 15th August, growth rate and it also has the highest slum
1979 as the 12th district of Haryana. After population.
independence Faridabad was built to l Faridabad is also the first city of the state with
rehabilitate the migrants from Pakistan. 20 lakh population.
District Profile of Haryana 283

Mewat (Nuh) l A 300-acre Classic Golf Resort in the Aravalli

The district is located in the South of the state.
It is surrounded by Gurugram in the North,
Palwal in the East, Rewari in the North-West,
Rajasthan (Alwar) in the West, Rajasthan
(Bharatpur) in the South and Uttar Pradesh
(Mathura) in the South-East.
Brief Information
mountain range located in Mewat.
l It is also a main attractive centre of tourists.
Chuhimal Pond
This pond was constructed by Seth Chuhimal in an area
of 10 acres below the black mountain. This pond was
made strong by Hukamchand, son of Chuhimal. The
artistic Chatri near this pond attracts tourists a lot.

Establishment 4th April, 2005

Area 1507 sq km
Palwal (City of Cotton)
Headquarter Nuh It is located in the Southern part of the state.
Population 1089263
The district borders Mewat in the South,
(Male-571162, Female-518101) Gurugram in the North-West, Faridabad in the
Decadal Growth Rate 37.9%
North and Uttar Pradesh in the East.
Sex-Ratio 907 Brief Information
Literacy Rate 56.1% (Male Literacy-73.0%, Establishment 13th August, 2008
Female Literacy-37.6%)
Area 1359 sq km
Population Density 723 person/sq km
Headquarter Palwal
Soil Yellow
Population 1042708 (Male-554497,
Crops Wheat, Mustard, Bajra Female-488211)
Main Mineral Slate Stone Sex-Ratio 880
Fair Shivji Fair Literacy Rate 70.3% ( Male Literacy-82.6%,
Tourist Places Chuhimal Ka Talab, Kotla Lake, Female Literacy-56.4%)
Kotla Hill, Jhulti Minar (Shaking Minaret), Classic Golf
Population Density 767 person/sq km
Resort, Gandhi Park, Tawadu Fort, Sheikh Musa Mosque
Soil Yellow
Important Facts Crops Wheat, sugarcane, millet
lThe district was carved out on 4th April, 2005, River Yamuna
by separating some parts of Gurugram and
Fair Baldav Chhath Fair
Faridabad districts. It is the 20th district of
Haryana. At the time of formation this district Tourist Places Panchavati Temple, Balram (Dauji)
Temple, Sati ka Sthan, Radha - Krishna Temple, Pandava
was named Satyamevapuram. Forest, Dabchick
lThe first mobile court of the country was
established in Mewat (Nuh) district. Important Facts
lMost of part is a plain area in the district. It is lAccording to beliefs, this region was named
the highest sex-ratio district with in the state.
Palwal after the name of the Hindu Pandit
lThe first Country Club of the Country is also Palwal related to the Pandavas kingdom of
located in Mewat district. It is the main Mahabharata period.
attractive center of tourists. It is on lThere is also a belief that Palwal is named after
Delhi-Jaipur Highway near Manesar. The club
is spread over an area of 30 acres. the demon Palavasur.
284 Know Your State Haryana

l According to some scholars and, Pandavas
stayed in Palwal during the period of Agyatvas.
Palwal’s Hodal belongs to the Odo caste of
Mahabharata period. The name of this region
is Aplava in Ain-e-Akbari.
l Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose laid the
foundation of Mahatma Gandhi Ashram here
in the year 1938. Gandhiji was first arrested
on 8th April, 1919 at Palwal station.
l Palwal is famous for schools and hospitals.
l Remanants of elephants and artistic objects have
been found in excavations at a place called Autha
near Hathin region in Palwal district.
l Skill Development University in the state is
proposed in Dudhola village of Palwal district.
l Palwal is also known as cotton city.
l Palwal is famous for sugar and cycle industry.

3. Gurugram Division
Gurugram (Cyber City) Important Facts
It is located in the South of the state. In its lThe name of Gurugram is related to the name
North lies the National Capital Delhi, Faridabad of Guru Dronacharya. It is believed that Guru
lies in the East, Rewari in the West, Jhajjar in the Dronacharya imparted spiritual education of
North-West and Alwar (Rajasthan) in the South. Kaurava and Pandavas at this place.
Brief Information lAccording to District Gazetteer its name is
Establishment 1st November, 1966 Guru Gaon or village of spiritual teacher.
Area 1253 sq km lHaryana receives the highest revenue from
Headquarter Gurugram Gurugram.
Population 1514432 (Male-816690, lMaruti Udyog was established in Gurugram in
Female-697742) the year 1983. In 14th December, 1983, the
Decadal Growth 73.9% company launched its first car.
Rate
Sex Ratio 854
lHero Honda Company’s main unit was
Literacy rate 84.4% (Male Literacy-90.3%, established in the year 1984 in Gurugram.
Female Literacy-77.6%) lGurugram was declared a Municipal
Population Density 1204 person / sq km Corporation on 24th December, 2007.
Soil Yellow lIndustrial Model Township is being
Crops Millets, jowar wheat, barley, gram developed at Manesar in Gurugram district.
River/Canal Gurugram Canal lThe Aravalli hills are located in Gurugram.
Main Minerals Potassium nitrate (Shora),
ceramic, kharia clay, mica, quartz
lGurugram is one of the four major satellite
Industries Maruti Car, Utensils, Electronics, cities of Delhi and is a part of the National
Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Capital Region.
Fairs Gugga Navami, Shah Chokha lFirst Defence University of the country is
Khori Fair, Sheetla Mata Fair, being set up in Binola village of Gurugram.
Budho Mata Fair, Ramnavami
Fair, Mahadev Fair lSpecial Economic Zone (SEZ) is being
Tourist Places Mata Sheetla Devi Temple, Shama, established in Manesar, Gurugram.
Sultanpur National Bird Sanctuary, Damdama Lake, lSoftware Technology Park has been jointly set
Sohana Fort, Pataudi Palace, Sarai Allawardi Village’s
Masjid
up by Hartron and Haryana Urban
Development Authority in the district.
District Profile of Haryana
l Asia’s first Photographic Art Center has
opened in Gurugram.
l Gurugram has the largest toll gate in Asia and
the third largest in the world on National
Highway 32.
l The first metro train in Haryana started in
Gurugram in the year 2010.
l The first Green Road and Harimandir Sanskrit
School of Haryana are located in Gurugram.
l Gurugram is also known as Mall Capital of
India and Financial capital of Haryana.
l Haryana Public Administration Institute is
also located in Gurugram.
l The first food bank of the state was
established on 10th November, 2013 in
Gurugram.
l Rahi day is celebrated every Sunday in
Gurugram. It is the first city in India to do so.
l The Kingdom of Dreams, India’s first live
entertainment theater and holiday destination,
is located in Gurugram.
l The country’s first Model Carrier Center, Solar
Energy Institute and White Palace are located
in Gurugram.
▲ THE KINGDOM OF DREAMS PERFORMING ART
285
l Biotech Technology Park, Hi-tech Technology
Park and Ratna Jewellery Park are also located
in Gurugram.
l A National Brain Research Institute,
dedicated to neuroscience, is located in
Manesar, Gurugram.
l The headquarters of the Indian Corporate
Affairs Institute is located in Manesar,
Gurugram.
l Haryana Government has announced to
develop Gurugram as a smart city with its own
resources on 22nd September, 2015.
l Gurugram is also known as Cyber City and
Solar City.
l Gurugram is also called the World’s Call
Center Capital.
l The first police station of the State Cybercrime
Branch has been opened in Gurugram itself.
l Asia’s largest Private City Scheme has been
launched by DLF in Gurugram.
l The tallest steel idol of the state is in
Gurugram.
l Metrino pod, the country’s first-pod taxi
service, has been started in Gurugram.
Pataudi Palace
l
Architect Robert Tor Russel and Heinz built a palace
for Nabab Ibrahim Ali Khan in the town of Pataudi,
Gurugram in the year 1935. It is known as Pataudi
Palace.
l
The palace is currently run by the Neemrana group
as a heritage hotel.
Mahendragarh
This district is the Southern most district in the
state, which is bordered by Bhiwani in the
North-West, Dadri in the North, Jhajjar in the
North-East and Rewari district in the East.
286 Know Your State Haryana

Brief Information Important Facts

Establishment 1st November, 1966 lAccording to some beliefs, Mahendragarh and
Area 1899 sq km
its surrounding areas were developed by King
Anangpal who was the grandfather of
Headquarter Narnaul
Prithviraj Chauhan.
Population 922088
(Male-486665, Female-435423)
lThe region was ruled by King Anangpal
through his cousin, King Naun Karan, whose
Decadal Growth Rate 13.4%
jurisdiction was Dhosi hills.
Sex-Ratio 895
lIn the medieval period, Mahendragarh was
Literacy Rate 77.72% (Male Literacy-91.3%, also known as Nandigram, Naharnoul and
Female Literacy-65.3%)
Sinhon Ka Dahar, due to which it was named
Population Density 486 person/sq km as Narnaul.
Soil Red lThe region was named as Mahendragarh after
Crops Wheat, mustard, gram, millet, Mohinder Singh, the son of the ruler of Patiala.
sunflower
lIt is also believed that Mahendragarh was
Main Minerals Iron, limestone, slate stone,
marble, asbestos, barite, mica, inhabited by Malik Mahmud Khan (Babur’s
quartz servant).
River Dohan lNarnaul town of Mahendragarh was a part of
Fairs Gugga Navami Utsav, Baba Jaipur state during the 15th century and it was
Bhilai Nath Smriti Mela, Baba a part of Hisar district during British rule.
Kesaria Smriti Mela, Bhura
Bhawani Mela lNarnaul in Mahendragarh had factory at the
Tourist Places Shiv Mandir, Chamunda Devi Temple, time of Akbar. Jalali coins were minted here.
Jalmahal, Chor Gumbad, Birbal ka Chhatta, Shah lA fort was built here in the 17th century by
Vilayat’s Tomb, Ibrahim Khan’s Tomb, Dhosi Hill,
Madhogad Fort, Hamza Peer, Narnaul’s Bawadia the Maratha ruler Tatya Tope.

▲ JAL MAHAL IS A PLACE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE MAN SAGAR LAKE

District Profile of Haryana
l Mahendragarh was earlier known as Kanoud
due to being inhabited by Kanauadia
Brahmins.
l Narnaul of Mahendragarh is considered to be
the Tapasthali land of Maharishi Chayavan.
l Satnami Sect was founded by Virbhan in 1543
AD in Narnaul.
l The Shaheedi Memorial of 1857 revolutionaries
is located in Nasibpur of Mahendragarh.
l The highest part of the Aravalli plain in
Haryana is in Kultajpur village, South-West of
Narnaul town, which is 652 m high and is
called the Dhosi hills.
l Narnaul is also called the City of Ponds and
Baoli.
l This district ranks first in mustard production
in Haryana.
l Mahendragarh holds an important position
from the point of view of mineral resources. It
is also called the city of minerals.
l Due to abundance of slate stone, slate is
supplied to the country and abroad.
l This district is particularly famous for lac
bangles.
l It is the only district in the state whose district
headquarter is located in Narnaul city and not
in Mahendragarh city.
l No highway passes through this district of the
state.
l Mahendragarh has the only Central
University of Haryana, which was established
in the year 2009 in Jant pali village.
287
l There is a semen bank in Narnaul where a
liquid nitrogen plant is installed.
l North India’s largest logistics park is located in
Narnaul.
l It has the minimum population growth rate
and the urban population of Haryana.
l Ateli It is located 20 km from Narnaul in the
North-East direction. The Ateli region of
Narnaul is famous for slate stone hills and
grain mandis.
l Due to the abundance of slate stone in this
area, the slate industry is developing rapidly
here.
Kanina Village
l
It is located about 15 km northeast of
Mahendragarh. Kanina village in Narnaul is a
historical site which was inhibited by Ahira
Kanharam in the thirteenth century. Rao Harsevak,
(decendant of Rao Harjimal) of Kanina village,
defeated the Khanzadas of Mewat in battle.
Harsevak’s brother Gumairam had assisted Wazir Rao
Mitrasen of Rewari in the Battle of Mandan between
1770-1785.
l
This region was incorporated into the Princely State
called Kanina Nabha after 1857. In the year 1938-39,
the Raja of Bikaner did the work of connecting this
area with the railroad.
l
The subedar of this region, Chhajjuram, Budhram,
Jamadar Bhairon Singh, Major Bhavani Singh and
Prabhati Singh, brought glory to the name of this
region in the First and Second World Wars.
l
From this area, Ganeshilal, Gangaram, Netram, Rao
Kirodimal, Bhup Singh and Ranjit Singh were
freedom fighters of the Azad Hind Fauj. The Pargana
Multipurpose Society in this region was established
in the year 1939.
288 Know Your State Haryana

Rewari (Brass City) l According to modern historians, the city of

It is located in the Southern part of the state. It Rewari was founded by King Karampal,
is surrounded by Mahendragarh in the West, nephew of Prithviraj Chauhan.
Dadri in the North-West, Jhajjar in the North, l Rewari is famous for the brass metal ware
Gurugram and Nuh in the East and Rajasthan industry, tiledar jhuti industry and Hero
(Alwar) in the South. Honda motorcycle industry.
Brief Information l Rewari is also known as Brass City and Veer
Establishment 1st November, 1989 Nagari.
Area 1594 sq km
l Rewari Railway Station is the largest and
Headquarter Rewari
oldest railway station in Haryana. It was
founded in 1873.
Population 900332 (Male-474335,
Female-425997) l Slate-stone mine is situated in Kund village of
Decadal Growth Rate 17.1%
Rewari.
Sex-Ratio 898
l Hero Honda Motors Limited was established
in the year 1986-87 in Malpura village of
Literacy Rate 82.2% (Male Literacy-92.9%,
Female Literacy-70.5%) Dharuhera, Rewari.
Population Density 565 person/sq km l The Regional Research Center of the State
Soil Yellow
Agricultural University is located at Bawal in
Rewari. Along with this, Industrial
Crops Wheat, gram, sugarcane
Development Center is also being established
River Sahibi at Bawal. The Bangwala pond near Rewari was
Fairs Baba Surajgiri Fair, Gugga built by Nandram Ahir.
Navami Fair, Basant Panchami
Fair, Syed Baba Samadhi Fair
l Rezang La Memorial in Rewari has been
constructed for the valor of the Ahir Regiment
Tourist Places Bagh Wala Talab, Rao Tej Singh
Talab, Ghanteshwar Temple, Hanuman Temple, Lal
soldiers of Rewari in the India-China war of
Masjid, Sandpiper, Jungle Babbler, Rampura Fort 1962.
l The first cancer institute of the state is being
Important Facts established in Mirpur area of Rewari.
lAccording to religious beliefs, the city of l Lal Masjid in Rewari was built during the
Rewari was founded by King Rawat of reign of Akbar.
Mahabharata period named after his daughter l Swami Dayanand built a cow shed in the district.
Revathi.
District Profile of Haryana 289

4. Hisar Division
Hisar (Steel City)
It is located in the West of the state. It is the
second largest district in the state in terms of
area. This district is surrounded by Rajasthan to
the West, Bhiwani to the South, Rohtak in the
South-East, Jind in the East and Fatehabad
district in the North.
Brief Information
Establishment 1st November, 1966
Area 3983 sq km
Headquarter Hisar city
Population 1743931 (Male-931562,
Female-812369)
Decadal Growth Rate 13.4%
Sex-Ratio 872
Literacy Rate 73.2% (Male
Literacy-82.9%, Female
Literacy-62.3%)
Population Density 438 person/sq km
Soil Loam
Canal Western Yamuna Canal
Crops Wheat, paddy, cotton,
gram, mustard, oilseeds
and pulses
Main Mineral Potassium nitrate (Shora),
limestone
Industries Sugar, Wool Textiles
and Iron and Steel
Industries
Fairs Janmashtami Fair,
Dussehra Fair, Gugga Peer
Smriti Mela, Kali Devi
Temple Fair, Agrasen
Jayanti Fair
Tourist Places Vishnoi Temple, Jain Temple,
Gujari Mahal, Sheikh Junaid’s Mazar, Jahaz Kothi,
St. Thomas Church, Baba Laldas Dham, Baba
Jagannath Puri’s Samadhi, Amti Talab, Baba
Shergiri Temple
Important Facts
lAt the time of creation of the Haryana on 1st
November, 1966, Hisar was so large that the
complete Hisar division was included in it
except Jind district.
lHisar’s ancient name was Isuyar. The Siswal
Civilisation developed along the Chautang
river in Hisar.
lFeroz ShahTughlaq founded the city of Hisar
in 1354 AD. Hisar in Persian language means
fort.
lFour gates of Hisar Fort built by Feroz Shah
are famous as Nagauri Gate, Mori Gate, Delhi
Gate and Talaki Gate.
lThe Hansi city of Hisar has 5 entry gates -
Delhi Gate (East), Hisar Gate (West), Gosain
Gate (North-West), Barasi Gate (South), and
Umra Gate (South-West).
lRakhigarhi, the biggest site of the Harappan
civilisation, is located in Hisar district.
lHisar was part of the Delhi Sultanate under
Lodhis.
lThe origin of the Aggrawal society is believed
to be from a place called Agarwah of Hisar.
lDue to the semi-arid climate and bright
sunshine, cotton is cultivated in Hisar and
nearby areas.
lHisar Textile Mill has contributed significantly
to the development of the city of Hisar.
lThe Central Buffalo Research Institute was
established here in the year 1985. The only
National Research Centre on Equines (NRCE)
of India is also located here.
lHisar is also known as Steel City and Magnet
City. Iron pipes are mostly manufactured here.
lResearch work on paddy was started in 1970
at Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar.
lCotton is mainly produced in Hisar.
290 Know Your State Haryana

l Jindal Pipe Factory with modern machines is world Important Facts

famous in Hisar. lJind district was formed on
l The state’s first model Employment Guide and 1st November, 1966 after the formation
Counseling Center has been built in Hisar. of separate state of Haryana.
l Asia’s largest animal farm is located in Hisar. Hisar is lDuring the Mahabharata period, the
called the Duke of Wellington of the Mughal Era. temple of Vijaya Devi Jayanti Devi was
l Railway shipping yard is also located in Hisar. built by Pandavas here. Later, the area
l Haryana National Institute of Industrial Research, around the Jayanti Devi Temple was
Hisar was established in the year 1986. called Jayantipuri, which was later
l Hansi city is famous for Peda sweets in the state. called Jind.
lJind nagar was established by Raja
Jind (Jayanti Devi Nagar) Gajpat Singh in the 18th century. Raja
It is located in the West of the state. It is surrounded by Gajpat Singh had a war with Rahim
Kaithal to the North, Karnal to the North-East, Dad Khan in 1775. King Gajpat Singh
Panipat to the East, Sonipat to the South-East, Rohtak won the battle in 1763 with Afghan
to the South, Hisar to the South-West, Fatehabad to Governor Jean Khan.
the West, and Patiala and Sangrur of Punjab to the lIn 1775, Gajpat Singh sacked the
North-West. region from the Afghans and made it
Brief Information the capital of his kingdom in 1776.
Establishment 1st November, 1966 lGajpat Singh, Rani Shobha Rai, Bhag
Area 2702 sq km Singh, Sangat Singh and Swarup Singh
Headquarter Jind city were the principal rulers in Jind.
Population 1334152 lJind Fort was built by Gajpat Singh.
(Male-713006, Female-621146)
lJind and Dadri districts were merged
Decadal Growth Rate 12.0%
with Patiala and Pepsu on 15th July,
Sex-Ratio 871 1948. After independence, Jind was
Literacy Rate 72.7% (Male Literacy-82.5%, Female made a sub-division of Sangrur district.
Literacy-61.6%)
lThe Jind Prajamandal was established
Population Density 494 person/sq km
in Sangrur by Hansraj Rahbar in the
Soil Loam
year 1938.
Crops Paddy, wheat, mllet, sugarcane, oilseeds,
Jowar, cotton
lJind district consists of borders with
Canal Western Yamuna Canal
seven districts. Jind also borders
Sangrur district of Punjab state.
Industries Sugar, Leather and Cycle Industry
Fairs Hatkeshwar Fair, Bilsar Fair, Sacha
lJind is the district, which rears largest
Sauda Fair, Dhamtan Sahib Fair, Baba number of buffaloes in Haryana.
Bholunath Fair, Jamna Ka Mala. lLeather cleaning is mainly done in Jind.
Tourist Places Joyanti Devi Temple, Jeetagiri Temple,
Kakdaur (Jind), Bhuteshwar Temple, Parshuram Temple, Bulbul,
lGhaggar and Yamuna are the main
Hariyal, Pandu-Pindara, Rani ka Talab, Prachi Tirtha, Barah Herbal rivers which are responsible for the
Park, Jayanti Archaeological Museum, Pushkar Tirtha, deposition of alluvial soil in this state.
Hatakeshwar Tirtha, Hazrat Gabi Sahib Dargah, Kirsoli Tila
District Profile of Haryana 291

l Jind is also known as the Heart of Haryana. Important Facts

l Cooperative milk plant is also located in Jind. lIn Sirsa, Maharaja Prithviraj Chauhan
defeated Muhammad Ghori twice. Iltutmish
Uchana ruler of Delhi Sultanate appointed Hemal
Raja Dahir Singh Shyokand of Nangloi region of Delhi Bhatti as a Governor here in 1212 AD. Later,
along with Atri Gotriya Brahman, Rana Valmiki and Bhatti descendants established the Bhatner city
Kataria Nai, established a township in a high place near here. In the medieval period, the city used to
Sarsana village of Hisar which was known as Uchana
village in the past.
come under the Princely State of Rania.
lThe British built Bhatiana district in 1837 and
Sirsa (City of Saints) converted Sirsa as its headquarters. In 1857, the
British were defeated here. Bhatiana district was
It is located in the far West of the state. It is divided and Sirsa tehsil was formed in 1884
surrounded by Fatehabad to the East, Bhatinda which was later merged with Hisar district.
district of Punjab to the North, Muktsar district
lSirsa district was carved out of Hisar on 26th
of Punjab to the North-East, Hanumangarh
August, 1975. Sirsa is also mentioned in the
district of Rajasthan in the West and South.
Mahabharata.
Brief Information lIt is believed that Nakula headed to Sirsa after
Establishment 26th August, 1975 conquering Rohtak.
Area 4277 sq km lSirsa’s ancient name was Shirishka. This name
Headquarter Sirsa City is mentioned in Mahabharata, ‘Ashtadhyayi’
Population 1295189 and ‘Divyavadan’.
(Male-682582, Female-612607) lSome historians believe that the name Sirsa of
Decadal Growth Rate 16.0% this district was named after Shirishvan.
Sex-Ratio 897 In ancient times, there were dense forests,
Literacy Rate 70.4% (Male Literacy-78.6%, which were cleaned and established this city.
Female Literacy-61.2%) lThe war of Chormar was fought here.
Population Density 303 person/sq km Saraswati river flourished through this region
Soil Red in ancient times.
Crops Wheat, paddy, chana, mustard, lIt is the largest district in terms of area of the
cotton state.
River Ghaghara lThis district is famous for cotton and citrus
Main Mineral Potassium nitrate (Shora) fruits.
Fairs Gangaur Cultural Fair, Bhuman lHere, the Mangiana project related to
Shah Fair, Sarsai Nath Fair,
Baba Bhumgatah Fair, Radha
horticulture has been started in collaboration
Swami Fair with the country of Israel.
Tourist Places Dadi Sati Temple, Baba Taraji’s lChaudhary Devi Lal University, the fifth
hut, Gurudwara Chormar Shaheedan, Dera Sacha Sauda university in the state, is located in Sirsa.
292 Know Your State Haryana

l Sirsa is also known as the City of Saints and Important Facts

the City of Literature and the City of Forest. lFatehabad was established on 15th July, 1997
l The Indian Air Force base is located in Sirsa. by separating it from Hisar. The existence of
l Sirsa occupies the first place in bovine rearing. Fatehabad is believed to be from the time of
The district has maximum number of cow Emperor Ashoka.
sheds in the state. Sirsa has the highest world lIn ancient times, the region was inhabited by
record for blood donation.
the Bhil caste and this area was known as
l It is the district with the lowest population Udayanagari.
density of 303 per sq km of the state.
l Ellenabad In 1863, after flooding the Ghaggar
lKunal mound and Banawali mound
river, Deputy Commissioner J H Oliver settled archaeological sites are located at Fatehabad.
a town at a high place in Sirsa, which he Remnants of Siswal culture have been found
named Ellenabad after his wife. It was a from Kunal and that of Harappan culture
trading center in the 19th century. from Banawali.
l Mandi Dabwali This area is situated on the lFatehabad city was founded in 1352 by Feroz
Haryana-Punjab border. This region is also Shah Tughlaq. He named the city as Fatehabad
known as Killianwali Mandi. The name after his son Fateh Khan.
Dabwali of this region is due to the excessive lIt was a part of Rania Princely State. But after
growth of dube grass here. 1784 AD, Khan Bahadur Bhatti made
Fatehabad Fatehabad the headquarters of a new Princely
State.
The district of Fatehabad is located in the western
region of the state. To its North lies the Mansa lIn Fatehabad, the leather foils, scales, water
district of Punjab, Jind is located in the East, drawer from wells, Mashk, etc. made by
Hisar in the South and Sirsa district in the West. Muslims were in great demand all over the
Northern India.
Brief Information
Establishment 15th July, 1997
lThe first cotton mill was established here in
the year 1963. Fatehabad is also famous for
Area 2538 sq km
cotton threads.
Headquarter Fatehabad
Population 942011
lThe first nuclear power plant of the state is
(Male-495360, Female-446651) located in village Gorakhpur in Fatehabad.
Decadal Growth Rate 16.8% Around 2,800 MW of power is generated
Sex-Ratio 902 from this nuclear plant.
Literacy Rate 58.16% (Male Literacy-78.1%, lImportant railway junction of Fatehabad is
Female Literacy-59.3%) Jakhal.
Population Density 371 person/sq km
Soil Loam Tohana
Crops Wheat, gram, rice Fort of Tohana at Fatehabad is historically significant. In
view of the importance of this fort, foreign invaders
Canal Bhakra Canal
attacked it about 38 times. Tohana was also a
Main Mineral Potassium nitrate (Shora) developed city under Indus civilization. Panini has also
Fair Dussehra Fair discussed this city in his book 'Ashtadhyayi'. Due to
having origin place of five canals in Tohana, it is also
Tourist Places Lat Masjid, Humayun’s Masjid, Tohana
Fort, Mir Shah Mazar, Fatehabad Fort called the city of rivers.
District Profile of Haryana 293

5. Rohtak Division
Rohtak (Education Hub) l Rohtak is related to Mahabharata period
It is located in the South-East of the state. The Rohtika. According to mythological beliefs,
district is surrounded by Jind to the North, Hisar the city of Rohtak was founded by King
to the North-West, Bhiwani to the West, Dadri Rohtas.
to the South-West and Jhajjar to the South-East l During the Mahabharata, Duryodhana’s army
and Sonipat district to the North-East. stopped here.
Brief Information l The discovery of archaeological objects found
from here reveals the remains of Indus Valley
Establishment 1st November, 1966
Civilization.
Area 1745 sq km
l Coins of Indo-Greek rulers have been found
Headquarter Rohtak City from Khokhrakot region of Rohtak.
Population 1061204 l This city has been famous for timber and
(Male-568479, Female-492725)
agricultural production since ancient times.
Decadal Growth Rate 12.6% l The Simon Commission, formed on 8th
Sex Ratio 867 November, 1927, was strongly opposed in
Literacy Rate 80.4% (Male Literacy-88.4%, Rohtak district.
Female Literacy-71.2%) l A meeting was held in Rohtak in the year
Population Density 608 person/sq km 1929, whose chief guest was Motilal Nehru.
Soil Clayey l Rohtak is not bordered by any other State or
Crops Millets, jowar, sugarcane, wheat, Union Territory. Rohtak is also called the
cotton, barley, gram education city and political capital of Haryana.
Main Mineral Limestone l Hosiery industry in the state is mainly located
Rivers Saraswati, Markanda in this district.
Industry Cotton Textile Industry
l Electrical goods, sugar, surgical instruments,
cotton yarn, cotton clothes and bicycle parts,
Fairs Fair of Baba Mastanath, Mela
Shyamji
etc. are made in Rohtak.
Tourist Places Shiva Temple, Tiliyar Lake, Gau
l Maharishi Dayanand University was
Karna Talab, Lal Masjid, Glass Masjid, Dini Masjid, Qazi’s established in Rohtak in the year 1976.
Masjid, Manji Sahib’s Gurdwara, Sai Mandir (Kharavad), l A state level war memorial was established in
Maham.
this university in the year 2004.
Important Facts l A district-level war memorial is located in
lRohtak district was a part of Hisar division Mansarovar park, Rohtak, on which the names
from the middle of 1858 to 1884 and it of the martyrs of the entire district have been
remained a part of Delhi from 1884 to 1910. inscribed on marble rocks.
Later it was merged with Ambala division in l Asia’s largest wholesale clothing Shorie
the year 1912. Rohtak district also included market is located in Rohtak.
Jhajjar and Sonipat earlier. l Rohtak’s Rewri and Gajjak are famous.
294 Know Your State Haryana

Sonipat (Education City) Fairs Mela Baba Shamakshah, Dera

Nagn Balaknath Satkumbha Fair
It is located in the South-East of the state. It is Tourist Places Khwaja Khizr Khan Tomb, Pir Jamal
bordered by Panipat in the North, Jind in the ka Mazar, Mama - Bhanja Dargah, Akbarpur Barota,
North-West, Rohtak in the West, Jhajjar and Shani Temple, Digambar Jain Temple, Baba Dham
Temple, Murthal, Ancient Temple of Guru Gorakhnath
Delhi in the South. Its Eastern boundary
determines the river Yamuna.
Important Facts
Brief Information
lSonipat district was formed on 22nd
Establishment 22nd December, 1972 December, 1972, by separating the two tehsils
Area 2122 sq km of Rohtak district, Sonipat and Gohana.
Headquarter Sonipat lIn ancient times its name was Sonprastha,
Population 1450001 which means City of Gold or Golden City.
(Male-781299, Female-668702) lOne concept is that Sonipat is named after
Decadal Growth 15.7% Shravan Kumar. Shravan Kumar stopped at
Rate
seeing the atmosphere of the place while
Sex-Ratio 856 offering the pilgrimage to his parents.
Literacy Rate 80.8% (Male Literacy-89.4%, lIn the Mahabharata, Yudhishthira asked
Female Literacy-70.9%) Duryodhana for five provinces or states,
Population Density 687 person/sq km Sonipat was one of those.
Soil Yellow lAccording to a legend, it was the capital of the
Crops Wheat, paddy, sugarcane, jowar, Chakravarti King Chakavain in the
millet, pulses, sunflower, Mahabharata and Puran period.
mushroom lStatues of Surya, Yaksha-Yakshini and Adishiva
River Yamuna and their vehicle Nandi have been found
Industries Sugar, Cycle and Paper Industry through the excavations done near Sonipat.

▲ JURASIK PARK INN IS A WATER AMUSEMENT PARK LOCATED IN SONIPAT DISTRICT

District Profile of Haryana 295
l Coins and copper stamps of Yaudheya Clan l The first women’s university of Northern India
have also been obtained from Sonipat district. is Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya
l Earthen pots have been found during at Khanpur Kalana in Sonipat. India’s First
excavation at Khedi Gujjar place of Sonipat. Tourism University is located at Rai in
Sonipat.
l Sonipat was invaded by Najib-ad-Dawlah in
1765 AD. Bhiwani
l During the excavation in 1871, 1200 Greek This district is located in the Western region of
Bactrian half dirhams and seals of the state. The district is bordered by Hisar in the
Harshavardhana have been found here. North, Rohtak in the East, Mahendragarh in the
l The railroad was started here in about South and Charkhi-Dadri district in the
1880 AD. South-East.
l The Northern region of Sonipat is called the Brief Information
rice bowl. Sonipat ranks first in the country in Establishment 22nd December, 1972
the production of Mushroom, Sunflower, and Area 4778 sq km
citrus crops.
Headquarter Bhiwani
l International fruit and vegetable market is Population 1634445
located in Ganaur of Sonipat. (Male-866672, Female-767773)
l The first agricultural and exploration Decadal Growth Rate 14.3%
processing Institutes of Northern India has Sex-Ratio 886
been established in the villages of Bhigan and Literacy Rate 76.7% (Male Literacy-87.4%,
Kurad in Sonipat district. Female Literacy-64.8%)
l Beer is produced by Beverages Limited Population Density 342 person/sq km
Company at Murthal in Sonipat. Soil Loam
l State Protection Home has been set up by the River Dohan
State Government under the Juvenile Justice Crops Wheat, millet, cotton, gram,
Act in Sonipat. mustard
l Sonipat is world renowned for bicycle Main Mineral Potassium nitrate (Shora)
industry. The state’s first rail coach factory is Industry Textile Industry
proposed in Sonipat. Fairs Baba Kherewala Fair, Dussehra
l Sonipat is also known as Education Capital. Fair, Sati Smriti Fair, Sheetla Mata
Fair
l The country’s first state-of-the-art Anganwadi
Tourist Places Gauri Shankar Temple, Shri Harihar
center has been established in Hasanpur Temple, Baba Mungipa Temple, Red Robin, Derongo,
village of Sonipat district. Tosham ke Panchtirth, Peer Mubarakshah, Dargah,
l The first Ethanol Plant of Haryana is in Sonipat. Panchmukhi Hanuman Temple

l A statue of Vishnu lying on Seshaiah is Important Facts

located at Fazilpur in Sonipat.
lBhiwani district was formed on 22nd
l The first Government Engineering College of
December, 1972, by separating it from
Haryana, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram
Mahendragarh and Hisar districts, which had
University of Science and Technology is
four tehsils namely Dadri, Loharu, Bhiwani
located in Murthal of Sonipat.
and Bawani Khera.
296 Know Your State Haryana

l According to beliefs, this city was established l Birla Group’s Technology Institute of Textile
by Rajput Ruler Neem on the basis of his and Science is located in Bhiwani, which is the
queen Bhani, which later changed into first of its kind in North India.
different names such as Bhiani, Bhiyani and l The famous Shyamsar lake is located in Bhiwani.
finally known as Bhiwani. Bhiwani district is
also described in Ain-i-Akbari. Well in Rohnat
l Bhiwani was the largest city in terms of area of The village of Rohnat is known as Martyrs village of
Bhiwani. In this village, the Jats of Bura gotra revolted
the state before carving out Dadri district. against the British in 1857. In this rebellion, the village
l Archaeological discoveries at Mitathal in was attacked with cannons by the British, due to which
some of the women here jumped into the well with
Bhiwani district suggest that this region was a children. This well reminds the freedom struggle even
part of the Harappan civilisation. today.
l A mint of the Princely State of Jaipur was
discovered in Loharu of Bhiwani district. Jhajjar (City of the Martyrs)
l Radhaswami Satsang Bhawan Complex in
Dinod town of Bhiwani has a hexagonal It is located in the South-East of the state. It is
pyramid and a star shaped like star building. bordered by Rohtak to the North, Sonipat to the
This building is made without pillars. North-East, Gurugram to the South-East, Union
Territory of Delhi to the East, Charkhi-Dadri to
l In the Northern part of Bhiwani lie the
the West and Rewari district to the South.
Piedmont plains and the Aravalli mountain
range in the South. Brief Information
l The railway line construction was started in Establishment 15th July, 1997
Bhiwani in 1881 and in 1883 rail transport Area 1834 sq km
was started in the district.
Headquarter Jhajjar
l The first canal was built at Bhiwani in 1893.
Population 958405 (Male-514667,
l Bhiwani Central Cooperative Bank was Female-443738)
established in Bhiwani in the year 1992.
Decadal Growth Rate 15.7%
Bhiwani has been described as a well known
center of trade since ancient times in the Sex-Ratio 862
Gazetteer of Hisar district. Literacy Rate 80.8% (Male Literacy-89.4%,
Female Literacy-71.0%)
l This district is also called Kashi of Haryana, the
city of temples and the city of charitable trusts. Population Density 523 person/sq km
l Bhiwani Textile Mill was established in the Soil Clayey
year 1937. It occupies an important place in Crops Gram, wheat
the manufacture of cloth and yarn.
River Sahibi
l The yarn made in this mill is exported to
Industries Sanitary Industry, Iron and Steel
countries like Bangladesh, Turkey, and Industry, Utensils and Sugar
Belgium, etc. Industry
l Board of School Education of Haryana is Fairs Festival of Saloni
located in Bhiwani.
Tourist Places Thakurdwar, Dighal Village Shivalaya,
l This district is being developed into a boxing Bhimeshwari Devi Temple, Kazi Masjid, Rudmal Temple,
center, due to which it is also known as Mini Bua Dome, Bhindawas Bird Sanctuary, Sparrow Tourism
Cuba of India. Site
District Profile of Haryana 297

Special Facts l The Dome of Bua is one of the major tourist

lThis district was formed on 15th July, 1997 places in Jhajjar, built by Bua, the daughter of
by separating it from Rohtak district. Mustafa Kalol.
lIn ancient times, it was named Chhajju l Saraffabad was the old name of Bahadurgarh.
Nagar, which was founded by a Jat named Lala Bhagwandas built a pond in Bahadurgarh
Chhajju. Jhajjar is also known as the city of in 1865.
martyrs.
lGhori settled Jhajjar at the request of Jhoj Charkhi-Dadri
Gehlavat or Jhajjhu. Charkhi-Dadri district is located in the Western
lThe two major cities of Jhajjar district are part of Haryana state. It is surrounded by
Bahadurgarh and Beri. Bahadurgarh was Bhiwani in the North-West, Rohtak in the
founded by Rathi Jats. Bahadurgarh was North-East, Jhajjar in the East, Rewari in the
earlier known as Saraffabad. A large number South-East and Mahendragarh district in the
of industrial units have been set up in South. Rohtak and Charkhi-Dadri districts of the
Bahadurgarh town of Jhajjar. state do not share a border with any other state.
Brief Information
lThe largest cattle fair of the state is held at
Jahazgarh village in Jhajjar district. Establishment December, 2016
Headquarter Charkhi-Dadri
lThe first Chief Minister of the state, Pandit
Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, belongs to Jhajjar Population 44892 (Male-54%, Female-46%)
district itself. Archaeological Museum of Sex-Ratio 881
Jhajjar is the largest and important museum of Literacy Rate 70% (Male Literacy-76%, Female
Haryana. It was founded in the year 1959 by Literacy-62%)
Omanand Saraswati. Soil Loam
lHindi medium branch in Haryana was Crops Wheat, jowar, millet, mustard
opened in Jhajjar in the year 1914. Fair Hanuman Fair
lThe first court in Jhajjar was opened in the Tourist Places Rest House Temple, Hanuman
year 1919. Temple, Rangila Hanuman Temple, Devidham, Sri Guru
Nanak Satsang Sabha, Bala Wala Johar, Shyamsar
lJhajjari (Picher pots) is highly famous in Jhajjar. Sarovar, Kapuri Hill

lBeri town of Jhajjar is called the city of

wealthy people.
lThe first nuclear university of the state is
proposed to be built in Jhajjar.
lThe largest bus stand of the state is the bus
stand of Jhajjar.
lNiracha Dham located in Jhajjar has religious
significance. This Dham is also known as Baba
Bhagwandas Ashram.
Important Facts
lThis town was founded by Bilvaraj Chauhan,
the younger son of Prithviraj Chauhan.
lThe name of this city originated from
the Sanskrit word ‘Dadur’ which means ‘Frog’.
lLater it was named as Dadri. The village
named Charkhi was located near this area;
hence, the name of this district changed as
Charkhi- Dadri.
298 Know Your State Haryana

l A cement factory was established by Seth Ramakrishna Dalmia in 1939 in Charkhi-Dadri.

l In 1982, it was acquired by Cement Corporation of India.
l It is the second land-covered district of Haryana after Rohtak. Kaliyana village of Charkhi-Dadri is
the only place in India where flexible sandstone (Hilna stones) is found.
Note Adequate statistics are not available after the formation of district.

6. Karnal Division
Karnal (Rice Bowl) Important Facts
This district is located in the Eastern part of lThe city of Karnal was founded by King Karna.
the state. The district is bordered by Uttar In ancient times, the name of this city was
Pradesh in the East, Jind and Panipat in the Karnalaya.
South, Kaithal in the West, Kurukshetra in the lThis region is believed to be associated with the
North and Yamunanagar in the North-East. Mahabharata period. It is believed that King
Brief Information Karna used to donate gold daily at the modern
Establishment 1st November, 1966
Karnatal (Karna lake) place in Karnal city.
Area 2520 sq km
lKing Karna donated his armor and kundal on
the banks of Karna lake to Lord Indra.
Headquarter Karnal
lThere is a beautiful bell house of Karna and
Population 1505324
(Male-797712, Female-707612) Lord Surya near Karna lake.
Decadal Growth 18.2% lBefore the formation of the state of Haryana,
Rate this city used to come under Punjab province.
Sex-Ratio 887 lIn 1739, Nadir defeated the Mughal Emperor
Literacy Rate 76.4% (Male Literacy-83.7%, Mohammad Shah (Rangeela) in Karnal.
Female Literacy-68.3%) lIn 1763, Karnal was taken over by the King of
Population Density 597 person/sq km Jind and in 1797; George Thomas took control
Soil Yellow over it.
Crops Paddy, sugarcane, sunflower lKarnal is also called the Rice Bowl and Paris of
Main Mineral Potassium nitrate (Shora) Haryana.
River Yamuna lProcessing of milk products is studied at the
Industries Sugar Industry, Liberty Shoe National Dairy Research Institute located in
Industry, Vanaspati Industry Karnal. Through this, the work of research,
Fairs Gugga Peer Fair, Parasara Fair, teaching and training is also done.
Pandu Fair, Chadi Fair lLiberty shoes manufactured in Karnal are
Tourist Places Sita Mai Temple, Karna Lake, exported abroad.
Oasis (Uchana), Punda Pul, Karna Talab, Devi Temple,
Gandhi Memorial Hall, Aditi Ka Mandir, St. James
lIn 1947, the first institution for Education and
Church Tower Training of Overseas was established in
Nilokheri in Karnal.
District Profile of Haryana 299
l Forensic Science Laboratory was established in Important Facts
Madhuban, Karnal in 1976. lThis district was earlier a tehsil of Karnal
l The first NCC Academy of the state will also district. It was formed on 1st November, 1989.
be established in Gharaunda, Karnal. It has two tehsils called Kaithal and Guhla and
Kaithal, Pudri, Chika and Kalaya are towns.
l Kalpana Chawla Medical University is located
in Karnal. On 6th April, 2016, the first
lIt has also been a sub-division of Karnal and
Horticulture University of the state has been Kurukshetra districts.
established in Karnal which is named as lIn the year 1973, when Kurukshetra district
Maharana Pratap Horticulture University. was made a separate district, Kaithal region
came under Kurukshetra.
Indri lThe cultured name of Kaithal is Kapisthal
It is the main tourist destination of the state. Baba which means a dwelling place of apes. This
Simran Das Kachchi Samadhi is located at this place. place is considered to be the birth place of the
This Kachchi Samadhi has religious significance in the monkey God Hanuman Ji.
state.
lAccording to mythological beliefs, Kaithal was
founded by Emperor Yudhishthira.
Kaithal (City of Kapil Muni) lJats of Kaithal opposed Timur Lung in 1398.
It is located in the North-West of Haryana. It is lA fort was built by the Mughal Emperor
surrounded by Kurukshetra in the North, Jind
Akbar in Kaithal.
in the South, Karnal in the East and Patiala
district of Punjab in the North-West.
lKaithal district is an agricultural region. The
economy here is based on agriculture.
Brief Information lKaithal district is also famous for Lav-Kush
Establishment 1st November, 1989 carved
Mahateerth in Mundri village situated on
out of Kurukshetra
Karnal road.
Area 2317 sq km
Headquarter Kaithal
lKaithal, Pundri, Siwan and Kalayat show that
Population 1074304 the soil of Kaithal is religious and cultural.
(Male-571003, Kaithal is also called the City of Gurdwaras.
Female-503301) lIt is also called Chhoti Kashi due to the
Decadal Growth Rate 13.4%
Navagraha Kunda located in Kaithal.
Sex-Ratio 881
Literacy Rate 69.15% (Male Literacy 69.81%,
lAgriculture is a major contributor to Kaithal’s
Female Literacy 47.60%) economy. Basmati rice produced here is also
Population Density 464 person/sq km exported abroad.
Soil Yellow lKaithal manufactures machineries which are
Crops Wheat, paddy installed in the foundry factories. The Guru
Rivers Saraswati, Markanda Recitation of both Granth Sahib and
Fairs Pundark Fair, Vamana Ramayana is done in Topiyo Wala Gurdwara
Dwadashi Fair, Phalgu Fair in Kaithal.
Tourist Places Hanuman Temple, lThe oldest college of Kaithal is Radha Krishna
Ambkeshwar Temple, Gyarah Rudari Shiva Temple,
Sanatan Dharma College, which was
Vikra Temple, Geeta Temple, Anjani Tila, Kutti Shiva
Temple, Devji Temple, Navagrah Kund, Ento ki Bawli, established in the year 1954.
Kalam Mausoleum, Gurdwara Neem Sahib, Gurdwara lIn 1970, the Indira Gandhi Girls’ College was
Manji Sahib, Tomb of Razia Sultan
established by the Rashtriya Vidya Samiti.
300 Know Your State Haryana

Panipat (Weaver Town) Important Facts

It is located in the Middle-East of the state. It is
lPanipat was formed as a new district on 1st
surrounded by Uttar Pradesh in the East, Karnal November, 1989 by separating the Panipat and
in the North, Jind in the West and Sonipat Assandh tehsils of Karnal district.
district in the South. The Eastern boundary of lIt was merged with Karnal again on 24th July,
the district is determined by the Yamuna river. 1991 and it was again made a separate district
Brief Information in January 1992.
lThe ancient name of Panipat was
Establishment It became a new district on 1st
November, 1989 Panduprastha or Panaprastha.
Area 1268 sq km
lThis city is also historically important. This
city was the center of politics in the Muslim
Headquarter Panipat
period. Three main battles were fought here,
Population 1205437 (Male-646857, which are known as First War, Second War
Female-558580) and Third War of Panipat.
Decadal Growth Rate 24.3% lDuring the Mahabharata period this place was
Sex-Ratio 864 known as Vanaprastha.
Literacy Rate 77.5% (Male Literacy-85.4%,
lIt is a very ancient city of the time of
Female Literacy-68.2%) Mahabharata. It was one of the five provinces
Population Density 951 person/sq km sought by the Pandavas from the Kauravas.
Soil Yellow
lThe revolutionary Maulvi Kalandar of Panipat
revolted against the British in 1857, due to
Crops Wheat, paddy, sugarcane which he was hanged by the British.
Major Mineral Limestone lProduction of oil started in 2002 in oil
River Yamuna refinery at Panipat.
Industries Sugar, Woollen, Handloom and lUnder the handloom industry in Panipat,
Iron and Steel Industry blanket, bed cover, carpets and tapestry are
Fairs Durga Ashtami Fair, The Fair of manufactured which are exported abroad.
the Tomb of Kalandar, Papari lExcellent and artistic woollen carpets and
Mata Fair
handloom items are also manufactured in
Tourist Places Devi Talab Shiva Temple, Ibrahim Panipat, hence it is also known as the City
Lodi’s Tomb, Salarganj Gate, Kala Amb, Jama Masjid, of Weavers (Handloom town). Blankets for
Kabulibagh Masjid, Blue – Jay, Spiritual Museum, Syed
Roshan Ali Shah Dargah, Skylark
the Indian Army are manufactured in Panipat
itself.
District Profile of Haryana 301

l Panipat is the largest center for the production
of old cotton clothes and low price blankets in
the country.
l An ammonia plant is also located at Panipat.
l Saalkha division of Panipat district has
industries of iron casting and agricultural
machinery.
l Textile machinery is also manufactured in
Panipat.
l India’s first carding machine was manufactured
in Panipat itself.
l National Fertilizers Limited was established on
23rd August, 1974 in Panipat. This plant
manufactures urea and manure.
l Haryana’s first Annapurna Textile and Grain
Bank is located in Raghunath Dham Temple
of Panipat.
l The country’s first Artificial Rubber Plant has
also been established in Panipat.
l Pachrang pickles, canned dry vegetables and
basmati rice are exported to many countries
from Panipat.
l A Captive Power Plant is located at Panipat.
l Beti Bachao Beti Padhao program was started
on 22nd January, 2016 from Panipat.
l Residential school for the physically challenged
is also situated in Panipat.

▲ PANIPAT MUSEUM SPREAD INFORMATION AND CREATE AWARENESS ABOUT

ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTROY, ART AND CRAFTS OF HARYANA
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. When the state of Haryana was formed in 10. Asia’s second largest ‘grain market’ is
1966, the state had ........ number of located in which place of Haryana?
districts. [HSSC 2020] (a) Yamunanagar
(a) Ten (b) Eleven (b) Panchkula
(c) Six (d) Seven (c) Kurukshetra
(d) Hisar
2. Which district has been declared as the
22nd district of Haryana? [HSSC 2021] 11. Which district is known as ‘City of Park’ in
(a) Nuh (b) Charkhi-Dahri Haryana?
(c) Palwal (d) None of these (a) Hisar (b) Palwal
(c) Rewari (d) Kurukshetra
3. Manji Sahib Gurdwara is located at which
place of Haryana? [Haryana Conductor 2017] 12. Hathni Kund Barrage Project is associated
(a) Panipat (b) Jind with which district of Haryana?
(c) Rohtak (d) Ambala [HSSC 2019]
(a) Sonipat (b) Panipat
4. Ambala is famous for ........... . (c) Yamunanagar (d) Fatehabad
[HSSC Group D 2018]
(a) watermelon (b) mango
13. Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in
which district?
(c) jackfruit (d) apple
(a) Faridabad (b) Sirsa
5. When was Ambala established as a military (c) Karnal (d) Yamunanagar
cantonment? [HSSC 2020]
14. Saraswati Sugar Mill is located at ...........
(a) 1811 (b) 1843
(c) 1856 (d) 1901 [PGT 2016]
(a) Rohtak (b) Panipat
6. Which district of Haryana is famous for its (c) Yamunanagar (d) Faridabad
scientific equipments? [Conductor 2017]
15. Yamunanagar is also known by which other
(a) Ambala (b) Gurugram
name in Haryana? [HSSC 2019]
(c) Panipat (d) Hisar
(a) City of clothes (b) Steel city
7. Kurukshetra was established in which (c) City of copper (d) City of paper
year?
16. Panchkula is famous for ........... [PGT 2016]
(a) 1966 (b) 1973
(a) watches (b) utensils
(c) 1981 (d) 1999
(c) electronic goods/items (d) sunglasses
8. ........... is famous by the name ‘Battle
17. Gurdwara Nada Sahib is located in which
ground’ and ‘Dharmanagri’? [HSSC 2018]
district of Haryana?
(a) Panipat (b) Kurukshetra
(a) Kaithal (b) Jind
(c) Mewat (d) Kargil
(c) Panchkula (d) Mahendragarh
9. Bhadrakali Shaktipeeth, one of the 51
18. The highest peak of Haryana is located at
Shaktipeeths, is located in which district?
which place?
[HSSC 2016]
(a) Palwal (b) Sirsa
(a) Jind (b) Narnaul
(c) Bhiwani (d) Panchkula
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Panchkula
District Profile of Haryana 303

19. Yadavindra Garden which has been 30. Which city is the financial capital of
included in UNESCO, is located in which Haryana?
district of Haryana? (a) Gurugram (b) Hisar
(a) Panchkula (b) Hisar (c) Faridabad (d) Sonipat
(c) Ambala (d) Sirsa 31. The National Brain Research Institute is
20. Which factory is located in Faridabad? located in which place of Haryana?
[Haryana Conductor 2017] [HSSC 2019]
(a) Rubber (b) Tractor (a) Bhiwani (b) Hisar
(c) Refrigerator (d) All of these (c) Kurukshetra (d) Gurugram
21. Who founded Faridabad in Haryana? 32. Haryana Government has announced to
[HSSC 2020] develop ......... as a smart city with its can
(a) Jahangir resources in the year 2015. [HSSC 2020]
(b) Malik Mohmud Khan (a) Thari (b) Panipat
(c) Sheikh Farid (c) Ambala (d) Gurugram
(d) Raja Mahar Singh
33. Which district is known as ‘Solar City’ of
22. Faridabad is famous for which production? Haryana? [Anganwadi 2016]
(a) Cotton (b) Sugarcane (a) Gurugram (b) Karnal
(c) Henna (d) Furniture (c) Hisar (d) Panipat
23. Nahar Singh Stadium is located in which 34. Mahendragarh district ranks first in
district of Haryana? Haryana in the production of [PGT 2016]
(a) Palwal (b) Hisar (a) Rice (b) Utensils
(c) Faridabad (d) Jind (c) Mustard (d) Cycles
24. India’s first mobile court is located in which 35. Mahendragarh is famous for which of the
district of Haryana? following items?
(a) Mewat (b) Palwal (a) Lac bangles (b) Leather work
(c) Rewari (d) Kurukshetra (c) Metal work (d) Wood work
25. Country club is located in which district of 36. Rewari district is famous for which of the
Haryana? following Industries? [HSSC 2019, PGT 2016]
(a) Panchkula (b) Mewat
(a) Brass metalware
(c) Fatehabad (d) All of these
(b) Tiledar Jutti
26. Which district is known as ‘Cotton city’ in (c) Hero Honda Motor Corporation
Haryana? (d) All of the above
(a) Hisar (b) Rewari 37. Slate stone is found in which place of
(c) Jhajjar (d) Palwal Rewari district?
27. Panchvati is located at (a) Khol (b) Bawal
(a) Panipat (b) Palwal (c) Kund (d) Kosali
(c) Jind (d) Ambala 38. Which district of Haryana is also known as
28. Gurugram district came into existence in ‘steel city’ and ‘magnet city’ in the state?
which year? [HSSC 2018] [HSSC 2019]
(a) 1955 (b) 1966 (a) Hisar (b) Palwal
(c) 1977 (d) 1988 (c) Mewat (d) Kurukshetra
29. The first Defense University of India is 39. Which district of Haryana is the largest
located in which district of Haryana? producer of Iron pipes?
[HSSC 2019] [Shift Attendant 2016]
(a) Faridabad (b) Ambala (a) Sonipat (b) Gurugram
(c) Gurugram (d) Mahendragarh (c) Faridabad (d) Hisar
304 Know Your State Haryana

40. Asia’s largest ‘animal farm’ is located in 51. ‘Golden city’ of Haryana is ........... .
........... . [HSSC 2019]
(a) Panipat (b) Jind (a) Panipat (b) Ambala
(c) Palwal (d) Hisar (c) Rewari (d) Sonipat
41. Haryana National Institute of Industrial 52. In which district of Haryana is Atlas cycle
Research was established in which year? industry located? [PGT 2016]
[HSSC 2019] (a) Hisar (b) Sonipat
(a) 1982 (b) 1985 (c) Fatehabad (d) Sirsa
(c) 1986 (d) 1988 53. Which district is known as ‘Education
42. Jayanti Archaeological Museum is located Capital’ of Haryana?
in which district of Haryana? (a) Mahendragarh (b) Sonipat
(a) Hisar (b) Sirsa (c) Jind (d) Rewari
(c) Jind (d) Rewari 54. India’s first Tourism University is located in
43. Which district is known as ‘Heart of which district of Haryana?
Haryana? (a) Panipat (b) Rohtak
(a) Jind (b) Karnal (c) Hisar (d) Sonipat
(c) Panipat (d) Sonipat 55. Which district is known as ‘Kashi of
44. Which is the largest district of Haryana in Haryana’?
terms of area? [HSSC 2021] (a) Sonipat (b) Karnal
(a) Bhiwani (b) Faridabad (c) Bhiwani (d) Hisar
(c) Sirsa (d) Hisar 56. Bhiwani Textile Mill was established in
45. Lat Masjid, a famous tourist place, is which year?
located at which place of Haryana? (a) 1924 (b) 1934 (c) 1937 (d) 1939
(a) Kurukshetra (b) Hisar 57. ........... is known as ‘Mini Cuba in India’
(c) Kaithal (d) Fatehabad because a large number of boxers come from
46. Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant is located this region. [Haryana Police 2018]
in which district of Haryana? (a) Bhiwani (b) Ambala
[Haryana Police 2018] (c) Karnal (d) Palwal
(a) Bhiwani (b) Kaithal 58. Which district is known as ‘Martyrs land’ in
(c) Fatehabad (d) Rewari Haryana?
47. Rohtak was formed in which year? (a) Karnal (b) Jind
(a) January, 1960 (b) November, 1966 (c) Hisar (d) Jhajjar
(c) October, 1990 (d) December, 2000 59. The largest cattle fair is held in which
48. The famous Lal Masjid of Haryana is district of Haryana?
located in which district of the state? (a) Fatehabad (b) Jhajjar
(a) Jind (b) Hisar (c) Jind (d) Hisar
(c) Rohtak (d) Bhiwani 60. Charkhi-Dadri district came into existence
49. Which district is known as ‘Educational in the year. [HSSC 2019]
City’ of Haryana? (a) December, 2014 (b) December, 2016
(a) Kaithal (b) Panipat (c) December, 2013 (d) December, 2015
(c) Rohtak (d) Jind 61. Which city was settled by Bilvaraj
50. Hosiery industry is mainly found in which Chauhan, the younger son of Prithviraj
district of Haryana? [Anganwadi 2016] Chauhan? [Haryana Clerk 2016]
(a) Rohtak (b) Bhiwani (a) Charkhi-Dadri (b) Sirsa
(c) Ambala (d) Gurugram (c) Hisar (d) Jind
District Profile of Haryana 305

62. Which is the important industry of 67. In which district, the famous Nav Grah
Charkhi-Dadri and Surajpur? Kund are located?
[Haryana Clerk 2016] (a) Kaithal (b) Karnal
(a) Cement (b) Paper (c) Sirsa (d) Hisar
(c) Sugar (d) None of these 68. Tomb of Razia Sultan is located at which
63. Which district is known as ‘Paris of district of Haryana?
Haryana’? (a) Kaithal (b) Sirsa
(a) Jind (b) Karnal (c) Hisar (d) Rohtak (c) Bhiwani (d) Jind
64. National Dairy Research Institute is located 69. Which district is known as ‘City of
in which place? [HSSC 2019] Gurdwaras’?
(a) Karnal (b) Sirsa (a) Sonipat (b) Kaithal
(c) Panipat (d) Bhiwani (c) Sirsa (d) Hisar
65. Which of the following manufactured goods 70. Which district is known as ‘City of
of Karnal is exported abroad? Weavers’? [HSSC 2020,19,16]
[Haryana Clerk 2016] (a) Karnal (b) Panipat
(a) Liberty shoes (b) Paints (c) Sirsa (d) Hisar.
(c) Wooden furniture (d) Steel 71. Urea plant is located in which district of
66. After whose name the Medical college of Haryana? [HSSC Clerk 2016]
Karnal was established in Haryana? (a) Sonipat
[Haryana Clerk 2016] (b) Mahendragarh
(a) Chaudhary Devi Lal (b) APJ Abdul Kalam (c) Panipat
(c) Kalpana Chawla (d) Karnal (d) None of the above

Answers
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (d)
21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (b) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (c) 30. (a)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (d) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (d)
41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (a) 44. (c) 45. (d) 46. (c) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (a)
51. (d) 52. (b) 53. (b) 54. (d) 55. (c) 56. (c) 57. (a) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (a)
61. (a) 62. (a) 63. (b) 64. (a) 65. (a) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (a) 69. (b) 70. (b)
71. (c)
CHAPTER 20
Archaeological Sites
and Museums of Haryana
Archaeological forts and museums have a
historically significant place. A fort is not only a
structure made of bricks and stones, but also
displays the valor of a ruler. Similarly, museums
are our heritage while keeping our heritage safe.
Archaeological Forts
of Haryana
In ancient times, the forts built by the kings were
considered a symbol of their almighty fortifications.
The historical significance of these forts still exists
today. Shukra Niti, the major text of the sage
Shukracharya, has mention of the seven major
organs of the state in which the fort has also been
included in the category of special organs.
The description of the archaeological forts built in
Haryana is given below:
The Fort of Hansi
lThe fort of Hansi was built by Tomar ruler
Anangpal I. This fort is also called the fort of
Prithviraj Chauhan. This historic fort of
Haryana was under the jurisdiction of the
Mughals, Sikhs and British.
lGeorge Thomas made Hansi the capital of his
empire and the fortress of administrative
headquarters. It is a crescent shaped fort which
consists of stable, step-well and masjids. A mint
was also established here during the reign of
George Thomas.
The Fort of Asigarh
lThe fort of Asigarh situated in Hansi was
built by Prithviraj Chauhan in the 12th
century. This fort is also called the fort of the
sword.
lPrithviraj Chauhan also built a fort at
Gohana.
The Fort of Tohana
lThis fort was built by Anangpal Tomar, ruler
of the Tomar dynasty of Delhi in Tohana
(Fatehabad).
lAlthough Emperor Anangpal named this
place on the name of his dynasty as Turana,
but later it became Tohana.
lIt is a crescent shaped fort. The main feature
of this fort is that it has a step-well.
lSultan Balban of Delhi Sultanate had
renovated this fort. In 1398 AD this fort was
completely destroyed by Timur Lang.
Presently, it is in ruins.
Ramgarh Fort
lRamgarh (Panchkula) Fort was built by the
Rajput rulers of Chandel dynasty. This fort is
350 years old. Some parts of this fort still
have the right of Chandel dynasty family and
the remaining part has the right of Haryana
Tourism Department.
Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana
l Haryana Tourism Department has maintained
a heritage hotel here. The height of the main
gate of the Ramgarh Fort is 37 feet, which is
also a record.
Taraori Fort
lThis fort is located at a place called Taraori in
Karnal district. This fort was built by
Prithviraj Chauhan. This fort still exists today.
lTaraori is a historic city famous for the Battle
of Tarain (1191- 1192 AD).
lAurangzeb also built a pond and masjid inside
the boundary wall in Taraori, which is still an
important centre of tourism.
The Fort of Hisar
lIt was constructed by Feroz Shah Tughlaq in
1354 AD. It is a crescent shaped fort.
lThere were deep trenches of water around this
fort but at the present time they have become
extinct.
lThis fort has four gates - Dehli Gate, Nagauri
Gate, Talaqi Gate and Mori Gate. Apart from
this, Jama Masjid, Lat Masjid, Diwan-i-Aam,
Lal-Minar and Gujari Mahal were the main
attraction centers of this fort.
lThe Gujari Mahal was built by Feroz Shah
Tughlaq for his beloved Gujri, this palace is
built in a rectangular shape.
▲ GUJARI MAHAL LOCATED IN FORT OF HISAR
307
Palwal Fort
lIt is also known as Matia Fort. It was built
during the time of Sher Shah Suri. A lake has
also been constructed near this fort.
lIt is known from the archaeological excavation
that there was a grand palace at the bottom of
the fort. At present, the fort of Palwal has
become a ruin.
Fort of Nivajpur
lThis fort was built by Nivaz Ali, the Mughal
Jagirdar in the village of Nivajpur, located
about 10 km from Narnaul. The walls of this
fort are of stone, which are 3 feet wide and
about 20 feet high.
lThe entrance of this fort was 42 feet wide. The
gates of this fort were decorated with pointed
bars. In this fort, there was a system of wells,
warehouses and stables etc. At present, this
fort has become a ruin.
Fort of Fatehabad
lThis fort was built in the 14th century by
Feroz Shah Tughlaq in the name of his son. It
is also called Sher Shah’s Fort.
lIn the courtyard of this fort the tomb of the
spiritual Guru Meerashah Pir of Feroz Shah
Tughlaq is also located.
lIt is also known as Humayun’s Masjid due to
the offering of Namaz here by the Mughal
Emperor Humayun. This fort was built in
1868 AD. A masjid was built by Khairuddin
Nambardar.
lThere is also a pillar in this fort at a height of
15-16 feet, on which a five-inch-wide strip of
marble is installed. This pillar is known as
Ferozi Lat. Some historians believe that this
pillar is related to the Mauryan Emperor
Ashoka.
308
Loharu Fort
lArjun Singh built this fort in 1570 AD. Arjun
Singh was the descendant of Rao Narhar Das,
the founder of Loharu. Presently, this fort is
located in Bhiwani.
lFrom the year 1805 to 1947, the Loharu
Princely State was dominated by the Muslim
rulers, after which the fort came under the
authority of the Muslim rulers.
lThe main features of this fort were
Diwan-e-Khas and Sheesh Mahal located in
it. The main monuments existing here are the
platform of Bhopal Singh and the mausoleum
of dog.
Fort of Taoru
lThis is situated in Taoru town of Nuh district.
This fort was called as Fort of ruler Nahar
Singh.
lHigh walls are built around this fort. Several
domes are built in the West direction of Taoru,
which were probably built by the Mughal
rulers.
lAt present, the Fort of Taoru has been
converted into a police station. It is a fort with
various chambers and rooms, which gives
information about the history of Taoru.
Fort of Farrukhnagar
lThis fort was built in 1732 AD by Faujdar
Khan, the first Nawab of the Princely State of
Farrukhnagar (Gurugram). Faujdar Khan was
the Nawab of the Mughal Emperor
Mohammad Shah Rangeela. He built Jama
Masjid in Farrukhnagar.
lAfter the revolt of 1857, the British established
their control over this fort. At present, the fort
of Farrukhnagar is completely ruined.
The Fort of Madhogarh
lIt was built in the first half of 18th century by
Sawai Madho Singh in the midst of the
Aravalli Hills near Madhogarh
(Mahendragarh).
Know Your State Haryana
l The main feature of this fort is that it is an
inaccessible fort situated on the top of the hill
and to reach here, stairs have been constructed
by cutting the hills. It is an important fort
from the defence point of view. In 1755 AD,
Maratha rulers captured this fort.
Fort of Maham
lMaham Fort is located in Rohtak district of
Haryana. There is also a step-well in this fort.
lIt was constructed in 1656 CE by Saidu Kalal
during the reign of Shah Jahan. This fort is
made of gravel, sand and stone.
Bahadurgarh Fort
lThis fort was built by Bahadur Khan. In 1793
AD there was a war between Bahadur Khan
and the Maratha powers, in which Bahadur
Khan’s army was defeated. Thus, Maratha
(Scindia) captured the Bahadurgarh Fort.
lIn 1803 AD, the Marathas were defeated by
the British and the Marathas had to accept the
treaty of Surji Anjan village. According to this
treaty, the Marathas had to hand over all the
conquered territories including the fort of
Bahadurgarh to the British.
lThe fort of Bahadurgarh is also known as the
Singh Dwar or Gateway of Haryana.
Fort of Kanod
lThis fort was built in 1755 AD by Maratha
rulers. In 1860 AD this region became a part
of the princely State of Patiala.
lAfter this, Maharaja Narendra Singh of the
Princely State of Patiala changed the name of
Kanod Fort to Mahendragarh after his son
Mahendra. Later, this city became popular by
the name Mahendragarh.
Fort of Jind
lThis fort was constructed in 1775 AD by
Gajpat Singh, the then king of Jind. In 1844
AD this fort was under the rule of Jind Kaur,
the youngest queen of Naresh Sarup Singh of
the Princely State of Jind.
Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana
l This fort has the mausoleums of Maharaja
Ranjit Singh and Maharaja Kharag Singh.
Presently, this fort has been demolished.
Fort of Georgegarh (Jahazgarh)
This fort was built by George Thomas, a
resident of Ireland at Georgegarh (Jahazgarh) in
Jhajjar district, Haryana. This is ruined fort
which reminds us of the colonial period.
Sohna Fort
This fort is located in Gurugram district. It was
built by Sohan Singh in the 18th century. At
present, this fort is completely ruined.
Fort of Raja Nahar Singh
lThe construction work of Raja Nahar Singh’s
fort was started by Raja Balram Singh of
Ballabhgarh Princely State.
lBalram Singh became the king of the Princely
State of Ballabhgarh in 1739 AD.
▲ RAJA NAHAR SING FORT
309
l After Balram Singh, all the rulers of the
Princely State of Ballabhgarh contributed to
the construction of this fort.
l 1850 AD Raja Nahar Singh became the king
of Ballabhgarh Princely State and completed
the work of construction on of this fort; hence
it is called the fort of Raja Nahar Singh.
l The structure of this fort resembles that of
Bharatpur Fort. The basic feature of this fort
is that on all four corners of this fort there
were bastions on which the cannons were
installed.
l This fort has two main gates - Ajit Singh Gate
and Ballu Singh Gate.
l After the revolt of 1857, the British occupied
this fort. In the present day Nahar Singh Fort
is known as Nahar Singh Palace. In 2003, the
Tourism Department of the Haryana
Government gave it the status of a Heritage
Hotel.
310
Fort of Kunjpura
lThis fort has been constructed with small
bricks at a place called Kunjpura in Karnal
district of Haryana.
lAt present, a military school is operated here.
Other Forts
l10 major fortifications were built in Rohtak,
Hisar, Sirsa, Fatehabad, Jind, Farrukhnagar and
Thaneshwar during Mahabharata period, due to
which this state was also known as Dasharana.
lIn addition to these forts, there are other forts
in Haryana which were built during the
medieval period. Among these the Fort of
Gokalgarh, the Fort of Thaneshwar, the Fort of
Dhosi and the Fort of Sirsa were prominent,
but at the present time these forts have losts
their existence.
Other Archaeological Sites of
Haryana
Other archaeological sites of the state are as follows:
Chaneti Buddhist Stupa
lA stupa has been constructed in Chaneti village
at a place called Jagadhri in Yamunanagar
district of Haryana. This stupa is about 100 m
in circumference.
lYellow and paved bricks have been used in the
construction of this stupa. The base of this stupa
made of circular shape is wider and the top part
is narrower. According to the Chinese traveller
Hiuen Tsang, it is a relic of Ashoka’s stupa.
Chor Gumbad
lThis historic dome was built by Afghan Sardar
Jamal Khan as his tomb at a place called
Narnaul in Mahendragarh district of Haryana.
lIt gives an appearance of a double storeyed
structure, but the upper part of the dome is just
a verandah. The verandah has twenty gates,
which reflect the grandeur of the dome.
Know Your State Haryana
War Memorial in Ludesar Village
l A war memorial has been constructed in the
village of Ludesar, about 28 km from Sirsa
town in Sirsa district.
l This memorial presents the immortal saga of
martyrs who sacrificed their life for the
country. At present, the Haryana
Government maintains this memorial.
Jal Mahal
l Jal Mahal was built by the Jagirdar Kuli
Khan, in 1591 AD in Narnaul of
Mahendragarh district in Haryana.
l This palace is situated in the middle of a
huge lake (Khan Sarovar). An arched
bridge has been built to go inside the main
building.
l There is a huge court in the middle of Jal
Mahal. Stairs are made in the North and
South direction to go to the top floor of the
palace.
▲ JAL MAHAL
Tosham’s Baradari
lLocated in Bhiwani, Haryana, this Baradari is
also known as Prithviraj Ki Kutcheri. Not a
single frame has been constructed in this
Baradari.
lIt has 12 gates, which have been constructed
in such a way that a person sitting in the
central room can easily observe all four sides.
Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana
Chatta Rai Bal Mukund Das
lIt is located in Narnaul, Mahendragarh
district of Haryana. This historical
monument was built by Rai Bal Mukund
Das, the Diwan of Narnaul during the reign
of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
lIt is believed that this monument is
connected by a tunnel route with Delhi,
Jaipur, Mahendragarh and Dhosi.
lDuring the reign of the Mughal Emperor
Akbar, his specially favoured commander
Birbal often used to visit here, hence it came
to be known as Birbal ka Chhatta.
Salarganj Gate
lThis gate, popularly known as Salarganj
Gate, is located in Panipat district of
Haryana, which was constructed during the
British period. This gate offers an excellent
specimen of ancient architecture.
lThis gate is known as Nawab Salarganj. The
gateway consists of two arched openings at
both ends of the passage. In ancient times, it
served as the entrance to the town of
Panipat.
Kishori Mahal and Barakhamba
Chhatri
lThis palace and Chhatri built in Hodal
(Faridabad) of Haryana were constructed in
1754 to 1761 AD, respectively. The Jat ruler
Suraj Mal built these monuments in the
name of his wife.
lIt is a major historical monument of
Haryana. The royal palace, Kutcheri and
Barakhamba Chhatri are more prominent in
this palace.
Birbal Ka Rang Mahal
l Birbal built Rang Mahal as his residence in a
dense forest far away from the city, near the
town of Buria in Yamunanagar district.
311
l This Rang Mahal was built during the reign of
Akbar. Lakhauri bricks and lime have been used
to make it. There is no wood used in this palace.
l This Rang Mahal is fully ventilated and there is
also a well in the palace garden, which is of no
use now. There was also a Sanskrit school here
during the Mughal period.
Major Museums of Haryana
Many museums have been established with a view
to preserving cultural heritage in Haryana.
Historically, Haryana is a major state of the
country. Historical and cultural heritage are
preserved in these museums. Coins obtained from
Rohtak and Agroha are also kept here.
The details of various museums in Haryana are as
follows:
Archaeological Museum
(Gurukul Jhajjar Museum)
l It was established in the year 1959 by Swami
Omanand Saraswati in Gurukul Jhajjar. This
archaeological museum is the oldest and largest
museum in the state.
l In this museum coins, seals, inscriptions, copper
sheets, weapons, terracotta, pottery, stone
sculptures, jewellery, manuscripts and beads have
been preserved.
l Apart from this, the ancient statue of Panchavati
deer associated to the Ramayana epic, Nilgiri
drums made of camel skins, seamless chain and
plows have been kept in this museum.
▲ GURUKUL JHAJJAR MUSEUM
312
Home of Folk Arts Museum
lAn artistic museum called Home of Folk Arts
based on architecture was established in the year
1984 in Gurugram district of Haryana. KC
Aryan is credited with establishing this museum.
lIn this museum, ancient Indian sculptures,
various types of utensils, items made of metal
and glass have been stored.
lApart from this, folk art, tribal and obsolete
items have been kept in this museum.
Shri Krishna Museum
lShri Krishna Museum was established in the
year 1987 in Kurukshetra district of Haryana.
lThe main objective of the establishment of this
museum was to connect people with the
philosophy and ideals of Lord Shri Krishna and
to awaken people ethically and culturally.
lThe museum is three storeyed, which is 8885
square meters wide. The new campus of the
museum was built in the year 1995.
lIn addition to the remains found from the
excavation at the Shri Krishna Museum,
sculptures made of brass, bronze and wood,
puppets made of leather, specimens of
Madhubani painting, ancient coins and ancient
manuscripts are also preserved here.
lApart from this, special sculptures of elephant
teeth made by artists of Odisha and Tamil
Nadu are also kept in this museum.
Panorama and Science Centre
l
A panorama has been established in the premises of
Shri Krishna Museum in Kurukshetra,
Haryana. Panorama is such a centre, where modern
tools are used to provide audience information about
science, culture, religion, human civilisation and
history. In Kurukshetra Panorama, there is a complete
system of displaying scientific interpretation related
to the Mahabharata war.
l
An exhibition has been organised in this science
centre, the theme of which is ‘India: A Heritage in
Signs, Technology and Culture’. This exhibition
showcases Indian knowledge related to geometry,
arithmetic, medicine, surgery and astronomy.
Know Your State Haryana
Panipat Museum
lThis museum was established in the year
2000 by Panipat War Memorial Committee.
lThe purpose of setting up the Panipat
Museum is to provide comprehensive
information on the art, history, crafts and
archeology arising out of the three Battles of
Panipat.
lThe pottery, ornaments, important
documents, weapons, maps, manuscripts and
sculptures in this museum are items of art
and craft which have been stored here.
lIn this museum, an attempt has also been
made to explain the historical aspects through
photos and slides through this museum.
Lila Dhar Dukhi Smarak
Sarasvati Museum
l This museum was established in the year
2001 by Bal Bhawan, Sirsa in Sirsa district of
Haryana.
l The museum was dedicated to the general
public on 26th April, 2001 by the Divisional
Commissioner of Hisar, Umesh Nanda.
Dharohar Museum
l This museum was established in the year
2006 in the premises of Kurukshetra
University in Kurukshetra district of Haryana
under the name Dharohar.
l In addition to various artifacts related to
Haryanvi culture, this museum depicts the
contribution of the Haryana people in the
first freedom struggle of 1857 AD.
Jayanti Archaeological Museum
l This museum was established in the year
2007 in Jind district of Haryana in Jayanti
Tirth and Jayanti Devi Temple complex with
the help of local people.
l This museum has a collection of ancient
relics. The museum was inaugurated on 28th
July, 2007 by the Governor of Haryana, Dr.
AR Kidwai.
Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana
Sir Chhotu Ram Memorial Museum
l Sir Chhotu Ram Memorial Museum was
established in the year 2013 at Garhi Sampla
village in Rohtak district, Haryana. In this
museum, historical items related to Chaudhary
Chhotu Ram have been kept.
l This museum was handed over to the
Archaeological Department in September
2013. In this museum, on 9th October, 2018,
Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled a 64
feet high statue of Chaudhary Chhotu Ram.
Archaeological Museum Thanesar
lThis museum is established and operated by
Archaeological Survey of India (Chandigarh
Division), Chandigarh.
lThis museum is located in the courtyard of the
tomb of Sheikh Chilli.
Manuscript Museum
lThis museum is located in the premises of
Kurukshetra University in Kurukshetra district
in Haryana. Pandit Sthanu Dutt Sharma
played a major role in the establishment of this
museum.
lFive texts of Nath Community written in
Sharda script have been found in this museum.
lThis museum has a collection of ancient
handcrafts, which are considered as heritage.
Gulzarilal Nanda Museum
lIt is located in Kurukshetra district of
Haryana, the museum has been established by
the Kurukshetra Development Board under
313
the aegis of Shri Krishna museum at Sadachar
Sthal.
l It is the first personality museum of Haryana
which is dedicated to Gulzarilal Nanda, the
former Prime Minister (Bharat Ratna).
Other Museums
In order to preserve the cultural heritage of
Haryana, two state-level museums have been
constructed by the State Government at
Panchkula and Rakhigarhi in Hisar at a cost of
` 30 crore and ` 5 crore, respectively.
In addition to these museums, there are some other
museums also in the state, which are as follows:
l Guru Govind Singh Martial Arts Museum It
is located at Kapalmochan in Yamunanagar
district of Haryana. The first Guru Nanak
Dev Ji of Sikhs stayed here in the year 1584
AD and the tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh
in the year 1686 AD, so it is a proud place for
the arrival of two Sikh Gurus.
l Guru Tegh Bahadur Memorial Museum It is
located at a place called Badkhalsa in Sonipat
district of Haryana. Guru Tegh Bahadur was
the 9th Guru of the Sikhs. The museum is
dedicated to him. It is also a major historical
site of Sikhs.
l Jahaj Kothi Zonal Museum It is located in
Hisar district of Haryana. It was built in 1796
AD by Thomas, a resident of Ireland. This is
historically significant. Hence, this historical
monument has been converted into a regional
archaeological museum.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Who built the Fort of Hansi? 9. Dehli Gate, Nagauri Gate, Talaqi Gate and
(a) Ajaypal (b) Anangpal I Mori Gate are located in which Fort of
(c) Vigrohapal (d) Prithviraj III Haryana?
2. In which century the Fort of Asigarh was (a) Fort of Palwal
built by Prithviraj Chauhan in Hansi? (b) Fort of Hisar
[HSSC 2017] (c) Fort of Gohana
(a) 15th Century (b) 12th Century (d) Tomb of Sheikh Chilli
(c) 14th Century (d) 17th Century 10. Which of the following is not the main
3. The Fort of Asigarh situated at Hansi which attraction of Hisar Fort in Haryana?
was built in 12th century is also known as (a) Jama Masjid
........ . [Haryana Clerk Exam 2019] (b) Gujari Mahal
(a) Fort of sticks (b) Fort of swords (c) Lat Masjid
(c) Fort of axes (d) Fort of knife (d) Tomb of Sheikh Chilli
4. Which ruler has constructed the Fort of 11. Gujari Mahal is located in which district of
Gohana? [Haryana Clerk 2016] Haryana? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Akbar (a) Hisar (b) Rewari (c) Hansi (d) Narnaul
(b) Hemchandra 12. Palwal Fort is known as .......... .
(c) Harshavardhana
(a) Matia Fort (b) Jatia Fort
(d) Prithviraj Chauhan
(c) Patia Fort (d) Gohana Fort
5. Tohana Fort was built by ........ .
13. Who built Nivajpur Fort?
(a) Prithviraj Chauhan
(a) Nizam Khan (b) Nivaz Ali
(b) Anangpal Tomar
(c) Nivazuddin Ali (d) None of these
(c) Ajaypal
(d) Vigrahapal 14. Nivajpur Fort is located in ...... .
(a) Palwal (b) Nuh
6. Which outside invader completely destroyed
(c) Narnaul (d) Hansi
the Fort of Tohana?
(a) Genghis Khan 15. Fatehabad Fort was built by which Sultan
(b) Timur Lang of Delhi Sultanate?
(c) Mahmud of Ghazni (a) Giyasuddin Tughlaq
(d) Ahmad Shah Abdali (b) Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq
(c) Feroz Shah Tughlaq
7. Ramgarh Fort was constructed by the rulers
of which dynasty? (d) Ibrahim Lodhi
(a) Parmar (b) Chauhan 16. Fatehabad Fort is known by which other
(c) Chandel (d) Tomar name?
8. Taraori Fort is located in which district of (a) Humayun’s Fort
Haryana? (b) Sher Shah’s Fort
(a) Karnal (b) Ambala (c) Dinpanah Fort
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Panipat (d) Afghani’s Fort
Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana 315

17. Who built the Loharu Fort? 27. Through which treaty the Marathas had to
(a) Arjun Singh hand over the Bahadurgarh Fort to the
(b) Gurudutt Singh British?
(c) Bhopal Singh (a) Treaty of Gwalior
(d) Ajit Singh (b) Treaty of Purandar
18. Which of the following is not located in the (c) Treaty of Surji Anjan Village
complex of Loharu Fort? (d) Treaty of Nagpur
(a) Platform of Bhopal Singh 28. Which fort is known as ‘Gateway of
(b) Sheesh Mahal Haryana’?
(c) Diwan-e-Khas (a) Maham Fort (b) Gohana Fort
(d) Dharokha-Darpan (c) Gohna Fort (d) Bahadurgarh Fort
19. Taoru Fort is located in which district of 29. Who built the Kanod Fort?
Haryana? (a) Mughal (b) Rajput
(a) Jhajjar (b) Mahendragarh (c) Maratha (d) Jat
(c) Ballabhgarh (d) Nuh 30. Which ruler of Patiala changed the name of
20. Who built Fort of Farrukhnagar? Kanod Fort to Mahendragarh Fort?
(a) Mohammad Khan (b) Faujdar Khan (a) Narendra Singh (b) Mahendra Singh
(c) Dilawar Khan (d) Farrukhsiyar (c) Gajendra Singh (d) Dipendra Singh
21. Who built the Fort of Madhogarh? 31. Who built the Fort of Jind?
(a) Sawai Man Singh (a) Ruler Mahar Singh
(b) Sawai Jai Singh (b) Ruler Ganpat Rai
(c) Sawai Madho Singh (c) Ruler Gajpat Singh
(d) None of the above (d) Ruler Ranjit Singh
22. The ancient Fort of Madhogarh is located in 32. Which Fort has mausoleums of Maharaja
which district of Haryana? Ranjit Singh and Maharaja Kharag Singh?
[Haryana Panchayat Officer 2017] (a) Palwal Fort (b) Gohana Fort
(a) Jind (b) Hisar (c) Maham Fort (d) Jind Fort
(c) Sirsa (d) Mahendragarh 33. Who built the Fort of Georgegarh
23. Who captured the Fort of Madhogarh in (Jahazgarh) in Haryana?
1755 AD? (a) George Thomson (b) George Thomas
(a) Mughals (b) British (c) George Talley (d) George Tailer
(c) Marathas (d) Afghans 34. Fort of Georgegarh (Jahazgarh) is located in
24. Maham Fort is located in which district of which district of Haryana?
Haryana? [Haryana Clerk Exam 2016] (a) Sirsa (b) Rohtak
(a) Hisar (b) Kaithal (c) Hisar (d) Jhajjar
(c) Rohtak (d) Jind 35. Sohna fort is located in which district of
25. Who was the Mughal ruler at the time of Haryana?
the construction of Maham Fort? (a) Jhajjar (b) Gurugram
(a) Akbar (b) Babur (c) Nuh (d) Panipat
(c) Shah Jahan (d) Jahangir 36. Who started the construction of Raja Nahar
26. Who built the Bahadurgarh Fort? Singh’s Fort?
(a) Jung Bahadur Khan (a) Raja Balram Singh
(b) Sheikh Bahadur (b) Raja Nahar Singh
(c) Bahadur Khan (c) Raja Jai Singh
(d) Dara Shikoh (d) Raja Madho Singh
316 Know Your State Haryana

37. The fort of Raja Nahar Singh is located in 48. Salarganj Gate is located in which district
which place of Haryana? of Haryana?
[Haryana Police Sub-Inspector 2018] (a) Gurugram (b) Faridabad
(a) Mahendragarhs (b) Rohtak (c) Sonipat (d) Panipat
(c) Yamunanagar (d) Ballabhgarh
49. Kishori Mahal and Barakhamba Chhatri
38. The structure of Raja Nahar Singh’s fort were constructed by which ruler of
resembles like which Fort of Haryana? Haryana?
(a) Jaisalmer Fort (b) Jaipur Fort (a) Rajaram (b) Gokul
(c) Bharatpur Fort (d) Alwar Fort (c) Suraj Mal (d) Todar Mal
39. Kunjpura Fort is located in which district of 50. Birbal Ka Rang Mahal is located in which
Haryana? district of Haryana?
(a) Hisar (b) Karnal (a) Faridabad
(c) Panipat (d) Sirsa (b) Gurugram
40. How many Forts of Mahabharata period are (c) Yamunanagar
here in Haryana? (d) Bahadurgarh
(a) 7 (b) 10
51. Gurukul Jhajjar Museum was established
(c) 13 (d) 16
in which year?
41. Chaneti Buddhist Stupa is located in which (a) 1954 (b) 1957
place of Haryana? (c) 1959 (d) 1971
(a) Narnaul (b) Hansi
52. Which museum is the oldest and largest
(c) Jagadhri (d) Taraori
museum of Haryana?
42. Chor Gumbad is constructed in which (a) Home of Folk Arts Museum
district of Haryana? (b) Gurukul Jhajjar Museum
(a) Jind (b) Karnal (c) Sri Krishna Museum
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Bahadurgarh (d) Panipat Museum
43. War memorial of Ludesar village is located 53. Home of Folk Arts Museum was set up in
in which district of Haryana? which year?
(a) Bhiwani (b) Karnal (a) 1952 (b) 1968
(c) Ambala (d) Sirsa
(c) 1984 (d) 1987
44. Who built Jal Mahal in Narnaul? 54. Who is credited for the establishment of
(a) Murshid Khan Home of folk arts Museum?
(b) Fateh Khan
(a) KC Aryan (b) DK Pathak
(c) Jagirdar Khan
(c) R Subramanyam (d) P Venugopal
(d) Jagirdar Kuli Khan
55. Sri Krishna Museum is located in ......... .
45. Tosham’s Baradari is located in which
(a) Ambala
district of Haryana?
(a) Jind (b) Panipat (b) Kurukshetra
(c) Karnal (d) Bhiwani (c) Sonipat
(d) Panipat
46. Birbal ka Chhatta is located is which place
of Haryana? [Haryana Clerk Exam 2016] 56. Panorama and Science Centre is located in
(a) Narnaul (b) Hansi which district of Haryana?
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Rewari (a) Kurukshetra (b) Karnal
(c) Sonipat (d) Panipat
47. ........... constructed a palace in Narnaul who
was the Diwan of Shah Jahan. 57. Panipat Museum was established in which
[Haryana Group D 2018] year in Haryana?
(a) Birbal (b) Rai Mukund Das (a) 1997 (b) 2000
(c) Rai Madhav Das (d) None of these (c) 2003 (d) 2007
Archaeological Sites and Museums of Haryana 317

58. Lila Dhar Dukhi Smarak Saraswati 61. Who played a major role in the
Museum is located in which district of establishment of Manuscript Museum in
Haryana? Kurukshetra University in Haryana?
(a) Hisar (b) Sirsa [HSSC 2017]
(c) Palwal (d) Bahadurgarh (a) Pt Sthanu Dutt Sharma
59. Dharohar Museum was established in (b) Jairam Sharma
which year in Haryana? (c) Shri Sitaram Shastri
(a) 2002 (b) 2004 (d) Kapil Dev Shastri
(c) 2006 (d) 2008 62. How many texts of Nath Community have
60. Jayanti Archaeological Museum is located been found in the Manuscript museum of
in .......... . Kurukshetra University? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Nuh (b) Ballabhgarh (a) Seven (b) Three
(c) Jind (d) Karnal (c) Five (d) Four

Answers
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (b)
21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (d) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (d) 49. (c) 50. (c)
51. (c) 52. (b) 53. (c) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (b) 59. (c) 60. (c)
61. (a) 62. (b) 53. () 54. () 45. () 46. () 47. () 48. () 49. () 50. ()
CHAPTER 21
Tourism in Haryana
l Historically, Haryana is an important place
where various historical places made by
different rulers exists at present. Kurukshetra
being the place of Mahabharata has witnessed
the epic Battle of Mahabharata and the Battle
of Panipat. No doubt, the state is full of
religious and historical places.
l Loharu, Rampur, Madhogarh, Ballabhgarh
and Mahendragarh have many ancient forts.
l Tarawadi, Panipat and Kurukshetra are famous
for battles.
l The state is also developing a number of
modern recreational centres.
l Haryana tourism highlights on cultural,
pilgrim tourism, adventure, golf tourism and
developing new locations as crafts centres.
l Historical sites in Haryana are maintained by
Haryana Tourism Department and
Department of Archaeology, India.
l In order to boost tourism in state, State
Government constituted Haryana Tourism
Corporation as a Public Limited Company
under the Companies Act, 1956 on 1st May,
1974. It manages, maintains the existing
centres and develops new tourist places. Its
head office is located in Gurugram district.
Religious Places in Haryana
Haryana has a large number of Hindu temples
that are important pilgrimage centres also. Being
the land from where holy sermons of Shrimad
Bhagwad Gita were given by Lord Krishna, the
land is revered by Hindus.
Many important Gurudwaras and Mosques are
also located in Haryana.
Some Religious Places of
Kurukshetra
Some religious places of Kurukshetra are as
follow:
Pehowa
l It is situated in the district of Kurukshetra.
The town derives its name from King Prithu.
According to Mahabharata text, it was situated
on the bank of river Saraswati.
l According to ancient belief, on the death of his
father Vaishu, the King Prithu sat on the bank
of river Saraswati, offering water to all visitors.
As a result, the place came to be known as
Prithudaka or Prithu’s pool.
l With time, the town of Prithu came to be
called Pehowa.
Tourism in Haryana
l Today, it is an ancient place of great devotion,
where prayer and pind daan in the Chaitra
month. On the 4th day of Krishna Papsha for
ancestors is believed to grant moksha or
redemption from the cycle of birth and death.
l The place is renowed for having the same
significance as of Gaya in Bihar. The place is
famous for temples of Lord Shiva and
Kartikeya.
Amin Teerth
l It is situated in the village of Amin in
Thaneswar. Bhishma Pitamah chose the Aditi
Van (forest) exists at this place for the battle of
Mahabharata.
l Aditi Van is also called Detwan. Hermitage of
Sage Aditi was also there. This place is also
called Abhimanyu Kheda.
l A holy place called ‘‘Surya Kund’ is also there,
where mother Aditi gave birth to the Sun God
Surya Dev. A strong myth prevails about this
kund that if a pregnant woman takes a bath
in this kund, then upcoming male child will
have excellent qualities like bravery and
strength.
Arunai Teerth (Arunai) Temple
l It is located at a distance of 5 km from Prithu.
This is one of the important place of
pilgrimages associated with the saints
Vashishta and Vishwamittra.
l The place is also significant for being the
meeting point of the rivers Saraswati and
Aruna.
l Mahabharata, Vamana Puran, Skandhapurana
and Padam Purana vividly describe about the
significance of this teerth.
Papantak Teerth
l This temple is known as Kaleshwar Teerth.
Here, Kartikeya after killing a demon, bathed
in Saraswati river. The place is also called
Pap-Antak Teerth.
319
Karnal Nabha Teerth
l It is located in Kurukshetra district. It is
believed that Lord Brahma had made his
appearance here. There is a pond at this place,
where males and females take bath (at separate
places).
Kamodha
l It is a forest area located at a distance of 14 km
from Thanesar in Kurukshetra district. The
Pandavas had stayed here.
l Here, a temple and math of Kameshwar
Mahadev, both are made of bricks.
l There is another small room made of bricks in
this area, called Draupadi’s store. Draupadi
had cooked food for the Pandavas here.
Dukh Bhanjan Mahadev Temple
l It is situated near Sannihit Sarovar in
Kurukshetra.
l People worship Dukh Bhanjan Mahadev in
this temple to attain peace and prosperity.
Jyotisar Sarovar
l One of the most revered places of Kurukshetra
is Jyotisar. The word ‘Jyotisar’ constitutes of
two parts i.e. ‘Jyoti’ meaning light and ‘Sar’
meaning tank and essence. Thus, Jyotisar
symbolically signifies the essence of
enlightenment.
l Jyotisar is very important pilgrimage site of
Kurukshetra situated on the bank of Saraswati
river.
l It is also called Geeta Sthali. It is here under
the holy banyan tree, that Lord Krishna is
believed to have delivered the eternal message
of Bhagwad Gita to Arjuna before the
commencement of the Battle of Mahabharata.
l It is believed that the Shankaracharya also
contemplated the philosophy of Bhagwad Gita
on this place. The ruler of Kashmir built a
temple dedicated to Lord Shiva on this religious
place.
320
l A beautiful marble Chariot of Krishna-Arjun
and Shankracharya temple built by Kamkoti
Trust in the year 1967 is also existed at
the site.
Brahmasarovar
l The Sarovar (lake) is believed to be built by
Raja Kuru. It is located in Thanesar,
Kurukshetra district. The Sarovar is also
mentioned in the memoirs written by Al-Biruni
in 11th century AD called ‘Kitabul-Hind’.
l It is believed that Lord Brahma used to worship
Lord Shiva in this temple. This temple is also
known as Sarveshwar Mahadev temple. This
temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva.
l According to Vamana Purana and Matasya
Purana, bathing in its holy water is a ritual
followed by people during Makar Sankranti
and Purnima.
▲ A VIEW OF BRAHMASAROVAR TEMPLE IN KURUKSHETRA
l A ‘Deep Daan’ and ‘Aarti’ ceremonies are held
in November-December where earthern lamps
are floated in the water of the Sarovar.
Devikoop Bhadra Kali Temple
l It lies near the Thaneswar Mahadev temple in
Kurukshetra. This temple is devoted to Sati or
Bhadra Kali.
Know Your State Haryana
l It is believed that Sati’s lower limb ankle fell here,
granting the area the sanctity of a Sidh Peeth or a
place where wishes are fulfilled.
l Thousands of devotees visit the temple on the
holy days of Navratra and every Saturday.
l The temple is also called ‘Devi Koop’.
Renovated in recent times, the temple has a
white amla (fruit shaped) dome. A large water
body has been designed before the temple.
Sthaneshwar Mahadev Temple
It is situated in Thaneswar Nagar. It was built
by King Pushyabhuti, ancestor of Emperor
Harshavardhan.
It was the place where the Pandavas prayed to
Lord Shiva and received the blessings of
victory in the war of Mahabharata. This
temple was rebuild by Sadashiv Rao Maratha.
Laxmi-Narayan Temple
It is located near Sannihit sarovar in Kurukshetra.
The temple was constructed by Baba Shiv Giri of
Giri community near sarovar. The temple is
constructed in Dravidian Style of architecture.
Sarveshwar Mahadev Temple
It was built by Baba Shravan Nath. The temple
has idols of Garuda, Narayan, Shiv-Parvati,
Ganesha and Shiv Linga.
Aditi Temple
l The temple is located in Abhimanyupur
village of Kurukshetra. It is believed to be the
place where Aditi (mother of Sun) prayed for a
son after which she was blessed with a son.
l Presently, women worshipped in this temple
for being blessed with a son.
Tourism in Haryana
Birla Temple
l It is situated in Thanesar. The temple was
built by Jugal Kishore in 1995. It is made up
of marble stone.
l This temple is also known as Bhagwad Gita
temple. Other temples are Dukh Bhanjeshwar
temple, Narayan temple. The temple lies in
between the Brahma Sarovar.
▲ BIRLA TEMPLE
Sannihit Teerth
l It is located in Thanesar, Kurukshetra on
Kaithal road and deemed as a permanent
abode of Lord Vishnu. It is believed to be the
meeting point of seven sacred Sarasvatis.
l Bathing in the water of the tank on the day of
Amavasya or on the day of an eclipse, is
believed to be bestow blessings, equivalent to
performing the ‘‘Ashvamedh Yajna’’.
l The place is believed to be formed by King
Ravana for establishing a Shiva temple during
Ramayana period. Fairs are organised here
during solar eclipse.
Gaudiya Math
l It is located in North Coast of Kurukshetra. It
is one of the largest religious groups in India
formed by Bengali disciples who worship Lord
Krishna and Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.
Valmiki Ashram
l It is located in Thanesar, Kurukshetra. It has a
famous temple of Rishi Valmiki.
321
l Baba Lakshman Giri’s Samadhi is also situated
here. The shrine is considered to be the rarest
among three Loks.
Markanday
l It is a shrine located on the banks of Saraswati
river in Kurukshetra district. Rishi
Markandeya achieved a divine status by
carrying out meditation here.
Prachi Teerth
l It is located in Pehowa, Kurukshetra. It is
considered a sacred site to carry out the rituals
of Pitra Tarpan.
l It is believed that Bhisma’s mother Ganga
attained enlightenment here after taking bath.
Kuber Teerth
l It is located on the banks of Saraswati river in
Kurukshetra near Bhadrakali temple.
l It is a shrine where it is believed that Kuber
had performed Yajnas. It is also believed to be
the residential place of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.
Chandrakoop
l It is a well near which a temple is constructed.
It is believed that Yudhisthir after winning the
Battle of Mahabharata constructed the
Chandrakoop well and temple in Kurukshetra.
Narkatari Teerth and Bhishma Kund
l According to Mahabharata and Purana, this
place has great significance. It is situated in
Kurukshetra on the banks of Saraswati river.
According to Mahabharata, its relationship has
been established with Brahma, Vishnu,
Mahesh and wife of Rudra.
l This religious place is sacred to all religious
people. ‘Baan Ganga’ river is located here. It is
belief about baan Ganga river that taking bath
in this river free a person from all sins.
l Bhishma Kund is situated at Narkatari site in,
Kurukshetra. The place has connection with
the great epic Mahabharata.
322
l It is believed that at this place Arjun, created a
bed of arrow for Bhishma, to quench the thirst
of Pitamaha. Arjuna shot an arrow into the
ground and a stream of gushing water formed.
l This is how the Bhishma Kund is believed to
come into existence. A temple in also exist
near this kund.
Some Religious Places of Jind
Some religious places of Jind are as follows:
Pandu Pindara
l It is located in Jind on the Jind-Gohana road.
The place is believed to be the place where
Pandavas carried out the ritual of Pind-Daan
for 12 years.
l A fair is held every year on the day of Somvati
Amavasya in this place.
Jamni
It is located near at Jind-Safidon road. This is
the place where temple of sage is situated.
Barah
l It is located at Jind-Gohana road in Barah
village. Varah Teerth is dedicated to Lord Varah
as it is believed that all the 12 Avatars of Lord
Vishnu appeared here.
l This is a sacred sarovar taking bath in the
shrine pool provides blessings of Lord Vishnu.
Pushkar Teerth
lIt is located in the village Pokar Kheri, Jind
district.
lA temple and a sarovar are located here near
which Lord Parshuram’s father Jandigi is
believed to have prayed.
Ram Raya
l It is located in Ram Raya Village on the
Jind-Hisar road.
l It is believed that this place was visited by Lord
Rama, Sita and Lakshman and a Yajna was
performed by Parshuram here.
Know Your State Haryana
l This place is also considered the South gate of
the Kurukshetra battle field.
l Dhundwa is located nearby this place where
Duryodhana hide himself after defeated in the
battle. Bheem had killed him after locating
him at the spot.
Safidon
l This place was also known as Sarpdaman.
Parikshit died at this place due to snakebite.
Parikshit’s son Janmeyjay performed a Yajna.
l There is a pond which is also considered
sacred. It is now the headquarter of the tehsil
of Jind district.
Bhuteshwara Temple
l It is located in Jind. This temple is dedicated
to Bhuteshwara, a manifestation of God Shiva.
As per Hindu mythology, the Pandavas has an
encounter with Prajapati Daksh, the
father-in-law of Lord Shiva.
l This temple was constructed by the ruler of
Jind, Raghbir Singh. It has a large water tank
all around it and this is the reason that the
Bhuteshwar temple is also recognised as Rani
Talab.
Hatkeshwar
l This sacred place is also mentioned in the
Shivpuran. Hatkeshwar Dham is located in
Hat village of Jind. It is believed that sage
Dadhichi collected holy waters from 68 places
and confluence them here.
l He then bathed in the Sangam of holy waters.
A fair is organised on last Sunday of the
month of Shravan.
Hansdehar
l It is believed that Lord Brahma descended here
on his hans (goose) to attend the marriage of
Rishi Kardam. Rishi Kardam had meditated
here, his son Kapil Muni was also born here.
Tourism in Haryana
l An ancient sarovar and a magnificent temple
of Kardam Rishi is located here. Pandavas
offered Pind dan to their ancestors here.
Some Religious Places of
Yamunanagar
Some religious places of Yamunanagar are as
follows:
Surya Kund
l It is in Bilaspur area of Yamunanagar.
l King Suraj Mal of Tomar Dynasty built this
place. Many religious beliefs are associated
with it.
Kapaal Mochan (Som Sarovar)
l It is a sarovar (a pond) located at a distance of
20 km from Jagadhri at a place called Bilaspur.
l The pond is considered sacred and bathing in
it, wash away all the sins. The place gets its
mention in Mahabharata and Puranas.
Shri Kaleshwar Mahadev Math
l It is located in Yamunanagar near Kaleshwar,
on the bank of Yamuna river.
l It is one of the 12 oldest hindu mathas of the
India.
l It is situated on the confluence of Saraswati,
Yamuna and Sukhna. Surya Yajnas are held at
this place.
Chitta Mandir
lIt is located in Bhatianagar in the district of
Yamunanagar. It is believed that Pandavas
while going for Mahabharata War, meet
Hanuman ji at this place.
lThere is a statue of Hanuman in white marble
that is why, it is called Chitta mandir (white
temple) Ganganand Giri meditated at this
place.
Parshuram Sarvdharam Temple
l It is situated in Jagadhri. This temple has a
height of 55 feet and 11 storeys.
323
l The architecture depicts the medieval
architecture of India.
Adi Badri Narayan Temple
l It is located in Kathgarh, 40 kms from
Jagadhri. The temple was built by Adi
Shankaracharya in 8th century.
l This temple was rebuilt by Purushottam
Ashram in 1823. A fair is organised every year
on the Akshaya Tritiya in Vaisakh around
April or May.
Surya Narayan Temple
It is located in Aamadalpur. First rays of the sun
falls on this temple. It was rebuilt in 1983, by
Swami Akhilananda.
Pancham Kallen Jain Temple
It is located in Buria town in Yamunanagar. This
is a Digamber Jain temple built around 500
years before. It is an important temple to
Jainism.
Some Religious Places of Kaithal
Some religious places of Kaithal are as follow:
Nava Graha
lIt is located in Kaithal. The place has 9 kundas
which are believed to be build by Lord Krishna
through Yudhish their to carry Nav Graha
Havan (Yajna).
lNow, most of the kundas do not have much
water left. This place is sometimes known as
Chhoti Kashi due to the importance of
bathing in these kunds or pools.
Pundarik Sarovar
l It is a sacred pond located in Pundrik town of
Kaithal. Vrindavan Ghat, Triveni Wala Ghat,
Ganga Ghat, Gaughat and main ghats are the
main attractions of this area.
A Naghardiya Ghat is also established here in
the year 1987. It is named after Rishi Pundrak
who performed a Yajna here.
324
Phalgu Teerth
l This place is located 25 kms from Kaithal in the
village of Feral (Pharal). The nomenclature of
Feral village also appears to have originated from
Falaki forest where Phalgu Rishi lived.
l It is believed that this pilgrimage is mentioned a
special place of penance for the gods. The
shraddh, it is believed that offering in the form
of Pindadana on the day of Amavasya in the
month of Ashwin satisfies the ancestors sole.
People perform last rites here, they do pind-dan
and other pujas. Phalgu fair is also held here.
Gyarah Rudri Shiva Temple
l This temple was established during
Mahabharata period after the war was over. It is
believed that Lord Krishna established this
temple for the peace of all the people who died
in the war.
l Krishna established eleven Rudras (Shivlingas)
in Kaithal. The temple structure was rebuilt by
queen of King Uday Singh of Kaithal, 250
years ago.
Ambakeshwar Mahadev Temple
l This is a Shiva temple. The Shivalinga in this
temple is also known as Pataleshwar and
Swayamlinga.
l This ancient temple was rebuilt by king of
Shilakhera.
Ancient Hanuman Mandir
l It is located in the centre of Kaithal city. It is
located at a height of one storey from the
ground level.
l A mosque is also located behind this temple. It
is around 500 years old.
Vradh Kedareshwar Mandir
It was built by Maharaja Uday Singh and is
considered equal to Kedarnath temple of
Uttarakhand.
Know Your State Haryana
Radheshyam Mandir
lIt is situated in Pundrik in the district of
Kaithal. The temple has beautiful idols of
Radha-Krishna.
lOther important temples are Shiva temple in
Pundrik, Shiv-Parvati temple, etc.
The mausoleum of Lala Das is also located
near this temple.
Shiva Temple
l It is located at a place called Pundarik. The
temple has a mausoleum of Baba Thandi Puri.
l He was a disciple of Lord Shiva.
Old Shiva-Parvati Temple
It is also located at Pundarik. People use water
and sweets (bataslias) to pay their respects to
Shiva and Parvati during the days (Jagaran
Kaal) of Maha Shiva ratri.
Some Religious Places of Bhiwani
Some religious places of Bhiwani are as follows:
l Tosham Ke Teerth It is located on the foot
of Tosham hill range in Bhiwani. The place is
considered sacred due to presence of 8
Kundas.One of the oldest kund is Pandava
Teerth. Pandavas are believed to stay here for
13 days during their Agyat vas.
l Devsar The temple of Goddess Durga is
situated on the hill lock of Bhiwani on the
Loharu road. People come here to visit this
place and perform various religious ceremonies.
l Dhanana Pahari It is in Loharu. Fairs are
held in the month of Chaitra and Ashwin.
Goddess Sheetala is worshipped here.
l Mahendragarh Dhosi It is located in Narnaul
in the hills of Dhosi. It has a temple of Rishi
Chawan who is believed to pray here for 7000
years.
l The place has a Shiva temple and many
kunds (ponds). People take dip in the kunds
during Somvati Amavasya.
Tourism in Haryana
Some Religious Places of Rohtak
Some religious places of Rohtak are as follows:
l Asthal Bohar It is located at Bohar village in
Rohtak district. The place has adorns the
social, cultural and religious achievements of
its time.
l It is famous for Darshani Sadhus who consider
Gorakhnath to be their first teacher. These
Sadhus ears are split.
l The Ashram was established at this place in
8th CE by Chaurangi Nath. Nearly 250 years
ago, it was separated by Baba Mastnath.
l This holy place has a temple called Siddh
Smriti Mandir. There is an Ayurveda College
and an eye hospital also which was established
in the year 1948.
l Shiva Temple It is situated in the Kaloi village
of Rohtak district. It is 300 years old Shiva
temple. It is said about the Shiv Mandir that
Lord Shiva came to somebody’s dream and
asked him to create a temple at that place. A
fair to organised twice a year around the
temple on the occassion of Shivratri.
l Charangi Nath Ka Dhuna Bailiana village of
Rohtak is famous for Chaurangi Nath Ka
Dhuna and Dokhar Johad (pond).
l It is believed that Balram, brother of
Lord Krishna meditates here. Baba
Chaurangi Nath also meditates near the pond.
Some Religious Places of Palwal
Some religious places of Palwal are as follows:
l Panchvati It is located in Palwal. It is believed
that Pandavas stayed here during their period
of secret exile (Agyatvas).
325
l Sati Temple The state temple is at Hodal.
Women come here to worship the Goddess.
Fairs are held here.
Some Religious Places of
Mahendragarh
Some religious places of Mahendragarh are as
follows:
l Modewala Temple This is situated in Narnaul.
It is a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. Fair is
organised during the festival of Rakhi in this
temple.
l Chamunda Devi Temple This temple is
situated in Narnaul. It is believed that Raja
Naun Karan, the ruler of the area was a
devotee of Chamunda Devi. He constructed a
temple of Devi at the bottom of a hill. This
temple is heart of the city. The temple
building has 84 pillars which has inscriptions
of Ashokan era.
l It is an ancient temple. After the fall of the
regime of Raja Naun Karan, this area came
under the control of the Mughals. They built
Jama Masjid on the temple of Chamunda
Devi.
l After independence people found that the
temple in bad condition and renovated it.
Now, it is visited by many devoter. A big fair is
held on Ram Navami.
l Ancient Shiva Temple It is located at Badhot
in Mahendragarh district. It is associated with
King Dilip of Ikshawaku dynasty.
l It is believed that King Dilip got it constructed
and named it Bagheshwar. Later, this name
was changed to Badhot, large fairs are held on
Shivratri in the month of Sharavan.
326
Some Religious Places of
Faridabad
Some religious places of Faridabad are as follows:
l Panchvati Temple The temple is located in
Palwal and is named after Pandavas. It is
believed that Pandavas along with Draupadi
came to this place and spent their days of exile
here. Later a temple was constructed here.
This temple is dedicated to Pandavas.
l The temple has a pond in the name of
Draupadi. The beautiful paintings in the
temple narrate the exile period of the Pandavas
and inspire the victory of truth over evil.
l Dauji Temple Dauji is the other name of
Balaram, Krishna’s elder brother. This temple
is dedicated to Balaram. The temple lies on the
border of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, near the
town of Braj.
Some Religious Places of
Gurugram
Some religious places of Gurugram are as
follows:
l Ancient Shri Mata Sheetla Devi Temple It is
located in Gurugram. This temple is dedicated
to Mata Kripi, wife of Guru Dronacharya who
was the teacher of the Pandavas and Kauravas.
l This temple is visited by large number of
people during Navaratras. The temple was
built by Maharaja of Bharatpur in 1650. Fairs
are organised in this temple in the month of
March and October.
l Ancient Shiva Temple The Shiva temple in
Gurugram was built in 16th CE by rulers of
Gwalior. It is located in Sohna and there are
Sulphur springs near by this temple. Fairs are
organised in Mahashivratri and Shiv
Chaudash.
Know Your State Haryana
Some Religious Places of
Panchkula
Some religious places of Panchkula are as follows:
l Bhima Devi Temple This temple was
established during the reign of
Gurjar-Pratihars. It is located in Pinjore
(Panchkula), is also known as Khajuraho of
North India for its erotic sculpture.
l Next to the temple complex is Pinjore Garden
which is also known as Mughal Garden
established by Aurangzeb’s foster brother.
l Chandi Devi Temple This temple is located
10 km from Mata Mansa Devi shrine in
Panchkula. It is a small but famous temple
worshipped as a Siddh Peeth.
It is after this temple, that the town of
Chandigarh gets its name. The temple falls on
the Chandigarh-Kalka stretch of NH-22.
Thousands of devotees visited the temple
during Navratras.
▲ CHANDI DEVI TEMPLE
l Mata Mansa Devi Temple It is located in
Panchkula district. This sacred temple is
dedicated to mother Mansa Devi. According
to Hindu mythology, the head of Goddess Sati
fell down here.
Tourism in Haryana 327

l Maharaja Gopal Singh of Manimojra Other Temples in Haryana

constructed the present main temple of Shri
Place District Description
Mansa Devi in village Bilaspur, Panchkula,
during the period of 1811-1815. It is one of Gita Mandir Kaithal Belongs to the period of
Mahabharata
prominent Shakti temples of North India.
Devi Talab Panipat Built by Maratha Chief Sada
Some Religious Places of Ambala and Shiv Shiv Rai Bhan during the 3rd
Temple Battle of Panipat
Some religious places of Ambala are as follow:
Karneshwar Karnal Temple houses Shiva idol
l Bhawani Amba Temple This temple in Temple having 5 heads and idol of
Ambala district has derived its name from the Goddess Kali.
Goddess of the temple, Amba Devi or Temple associated with the
Bhawani Devi. There is a popular belief that Karna, an important character
the city of Ambala has been named after Devi of Mahabharata
Amba. Shiv Temple Karnal It is believed that Kauravas and
l Kali Mata Temple This temple is situated Pandavas worshipped here
near Rambagh or cremation ground of Jeet Giri Jind Situated in Kakrod village.
Ambala and has 6-feet tall statue of Kali Mata Temple Also has Samadhi
installed here. The temple has been decked up (mausoleum) of Baba Jeet Giri
with figurines of birds and animals and these
Ghanteshwar Rewari Temple is dedicated to Lord
depict the culture of the medieval times. Temple Shiva

Some Religious Places of Jhajjar Hanuman Rewari Temple is situated near to

Some religious places of Jhajjar are as follow:
l Thakurdwara in Kutani This temple was built
in 1901 by Fauji Singh. Idol of Radha-Krishna
in Ashtdhatu (8 metals) is placed in the
temple.
l Idol of Thakur Shalu Singh of 50 ft is also
installed in the temple.
l Shiva Temple This ancient Shiva temple is
located in Dighal village of Jhajjar. It was built
by Lala Dhani Ram. The temple has a tall
peak and is built of brick and limestone.
l Rudh Mal Temple It is located in Beri village
of Jhajjar. This temple was built by Lala Rudh
Mal, Suraj Bhan and Girdhari Lal in 1892. In
1953 and in 1990, the temple was rebuilt and
renovated.
The temple complex has many small temples
of Digambar Jain saints and one Shiva temple
with a height of 116 ft.
Temple large pond in Rewari
Fair on every Tuesday is also
organised here
Panch Mukhi Yamuna Situated in Chachrauli.
Hanuman nagar Idol of Hanuman is believed to
Temple be made 350 years ago
Major Gurudwaras in Haryana
l Gurudwara Mastgarh It was originally a
mosque built by the Mughal Emperor Shah
Jahan in 1630. It was converted into a
Gurudwara much later after the matter was
amicably settled after the independence.
l It is located in Shahabad Markanda, 20
kilometres South of Ambala Cantonment
along the Sher Shah Suri Marg.
l Gurudwara Navin Patshahi It is situated in
Kurukshetra. This Gurudwara is dedicated to
the ninth Sikh Guru, Tegh Bahadur.
328
l It is believed that the Guru stayed at this place
for a while on his way to meet Aurangzeb in
Delhi.
l Gurudwara Kapal Mochan It is situated in
Bilaspur of Yamunanagar district and is
dedicated to Guru Gobind Singh. It is
believed that the Guru stayed here for 52 days
during his battle with kings of Northern hills.
At this place Guru washed his weapons in
Rinmochan Sarovar so the place is also called
as Shastra Ghat.
l Gurudwara Dhamtan Sahib This place is in
Narwana–Tohana road in the district of Jind.
It is dedicated to the 9th Sikh Guru, Guru
Tegh Bahadur. It is believe that he stayed
their on this way to Delhi before his
martyrdom.
l Gurudwara Shri Damdama Sahib and
Gurudwara Jora Sahib It has been established
in the ‘Siana-Saidan’. While Shri Guru Govind
Singh Ji, used to reside in this village. The
Gurudwara was rebuilt in the early 21st
century.
l A Gursikh of Guru Gobind Singh was living
in the village Saina-Saidan, when he heard
Guru Gobind Singh was near by he took Guru
Sahib to his house and looked after him
very well.
l The Gur Sikh presented Guru Sahib with a
fine pair of wooden shoes, in return Guruji
gave him his leather shoes. These shoes are still
preserved in Gurudwara. The name of
Gurudwara ‘Jora Sahib’ means a pair of shoes.
l Gurudwara Lakhan Majra This place is in
Rohtak district and is dedicated to 9th Sikh
Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur. He stayed at this
place for 13 days.
l Gurudwara Manji Sahib It is situated in
Kaithal. The name of this Gurudwara is on
Tarkhan Singh Manji who invited Guru Tegh
Know Your State Haryana
Bahadur at that place. He was a carpenter so,
the place is known by the name Manji Sahib
Gurudwara.
l Gurudwara Neem Sahib This Gurudwara is
in Kaithal and dedicated to Guru Tegh
Bahadur. Guruji sat in meditation under a
neem tree at this place where he meet a devote
suffered from fever. He offered his neem leaves
and he cured. The place them came to be
known as Neem Sahib.
l Badshahi Bagh Sahib Gurudwara This place
is in Ambala and it commemorates the visit of
Guru Gobind Singh in 1670. On returning
from Lakhnaur, the Guru rested in a garden
here which belonged to Pir Amin Din.
Pir Amin Din threw a challenge for a fight
between his black hawk and Guru’s white
hawk. But Guruji called upon two sparrows to
fight with the hawk. He uttered the famous
words here “Chirion se baaz larun, tabe
Gobind Singh Naam Kahaun.”
The black hawk fell to his death about a
kilometer away where Gurudwara Gobindpura
is built.
Famous Churches in Haryana
l Cantonment Church Tower It is a historical
church situated in Karnal built in 1806. It is
dedicated to St. James, one of the disciples of
Jesus Christ.
l The church was built when an army
cantonment was established by the British in
Karnal. It has a tower 35 m tall and can be
seen from 7 kms distance. The church was
dismantled in 1841 when cantonment was
shifted to Ambala, but the tower was allowed
to stay.
l St. Paul’s Church It is located in Ambala
Cantonment area and was built in 1857. It
was bombed severly during the Indo-Pak war,
which partly destroyed the beautiful church
building.
Tourism in Haryana
l St. Thomas Church It was founded in 1860
in Hisar. This church is considered one of the
historical sites in the district.
Major Mosques in Haryana
l Jama Masjid It is believed that the mosque
was built by Humayun in 1531. It is an
important mosque situated in the city of
Panipat. It is the largest mosque built in the
middle of Panipat. Jama Masjid is also situated
in the Rohtak district.
l Lal Masjid It was built by Haji Aashiq Ali in
1939. The Lal mosque is located in Rohtak. It
is built atop of a 10 feet tall platform. The
mosque is made of red sand stone.
l Shishewali Masjid It is in Chameli market of
Rohtak district. The entrance of this mosque is
made of white marble. A corridor have 14
pillars on one side of the mosque and other
side has rooms.
l Dini Masjid It is situated in the middle of
Rohtak district. The mosque is also known as
Adina mosque. It is believed to be a Jain
temple earlier, which was later turned into a
mosque by Aurangzeb. The pillars of mosque
also depicts about Mughal heroes. In the year
1947 the mosque was again rebuilt into a
temple.
l Humayun Mosque It is situated in Fatehabad,
Hisar district. It was erected on an already
standing Lat a stone pillar placed by Sultan
Feroz Shah Tughlaq by the Mughal Emperor
Humayun.
It is believed that Humayun stayed at this
place while going to Amarcot after defeated by
Sher Shah Suri and had a friday Namaj on this
place.
l Mosque of Ali Vardi Khan The mosque is
situated in Gurugram. It was built in
eighteenth century by Nawab Ali Vardi Khan.
The mosque also has a sarai. It is believed to
be a resting place of Ali Vardi Khan.
329
l Kabuli Mosque The mosque is located in
Panipat. It was built by Babur in 1526 AD to
commemorate his victory over Ibrahim Lodhi
in the first Battle of Panipat.
l Babar named this mosque after the name of
his wife Mussmat Kabuli Begum. Along with
the mosque, he built a garden and a reservoir
also. The prayer hall is square shape. There are
semi-spherical domes and walls have line
plastering.
l Babar’s son, Humayun after defeating Sher
Shah Suri’s, descendants, erected platform of
stones in this memorial. This is called
‘Chabutra’ Fateh Mubarak.
The entire monument is in good shape, well
restored and is an important tourist place of
Haryana.
▲ A VIEW OF KABULI BAGH MASJID IN PANIPAT
Shrines and Dargahs in Haryana
l Dargah Naugaja Peer It is situated in
Shahabad in Kurukshetra on NH-1. It is the
shrine of Baba Naugaja Peer. His real name
was Sayed Ibrahim Badshah. He was originally
belonged to Iraq. There is a Shiva temple
situated in the vicinity of the shrine. People
visit both the places.
l Devotees often offer chaddar (cloth) incense
sticks and watches on the tomb of the peer.
l Shrine of Mira Nau Bahaar It is situated at
Guhla-Cheeka the district of Kaithal. This
shrine is believed to be a 1000 years old. Baba
Mira is also called as Bada Peer as he was eldest
among his siblings.
330
Baba Mira wrote many Sufi hymns which are
very popular. The shrine is the Samadhi place
of Baba Mira. Fair is held at the shrine in the
month of June, five days after Nirjala
Akadeshi.
l Char Qutab Shrine The shrine is located at
Hansi in Hisar district and has tombs of four
Sufi Saints.
l These saints are Jamal-ud-Din Hanswi
(1187-1261 AD), Burhan-ud-Din (1261-1303
AD), Qutab-ud-Din Munawwar (1300-1354
AD) and Nur-ud-Din (1325-1397 AD).
l A large mosque was constructed by Feroz Shah
Tughlaq on the the Northern enclosure of the
shrine.
l Shrine of Mama Bhanja The tombs of Imam
Nasiruddin and his nephew Ibrahim Abdullah
are situated here. The shrine is located in
Sonipat. There is an ancient temple dedicated
to Lord Shiva which was built by regional
Emperor Shiv Chandra. The place denotes
Hindu Muslim unity.
l Shrine of Hamza Peer This shrine is situated
in Dharsu village at Narnaul of Mahendragarh
district. Shrine contains the tomb of Hamza
Peer who was a disciple of Hazrat Shamsuddin
Auliya. There are other tomb of Hazrat
Shavbal Pir and his disciples. The entire shrine
has many tombs and each dome is painted in
white and green colour.
l Shrine of Sheikh Musa The shrine of Sheikh
Musa is a 700 years old building containing
the tomb of Hazrat Sheikh Musa who was a
disciple of Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya.
l It is located in Palla village of Nuh district.
It is built in a blend of Rajasthani and Mughal
architectural style.
l One of its gateway around the dargah has
shaking minarets that vibrate synchronously.
l In May 2012, an MOU was signed between
Waqf Board and ITRHD (Indian Trust for
Know Your State Haryana
Rural Heritage and Development) for its
conservation.
l From 2016, its conservation is taken over by
Archaeological Department.
l Shrine of Bu Ali Shah Qalandar It was built
in 14 CE in Panipat.
▲ DARGAH OF BU ALI SHAH QALANDAR
l The shrine contains tombs of Sheikh
Sharafudeen Bu Ali Qalandar, Hakim
Mukaram Khan and urdu poet Maulana Altaf
Hussain Ali.
l It was constructed by Mahabat Khan, a General
in the service of Mughal Emperor Jahangir.
l People come to offer prayers every Thursday.
Urs Mela is held there annually.
l Shrine of Five Peer Peer are the Sufi Saints
who preech unity, universal brotherhood and
tolerance.
l There are lot of tombs of Peers in Haryana as
the place was inhabited by the sufi saints.
l It is consist of five tombs. They are of Hazrat
Ali Ilahi Bakshsh, Bahadur Khan Durrani,
Mohammad Ali, Sabar Singh Bori and Kesar
Mal Bori.
l It is located in Madhuban area of Karnal.
l Tomb of Peer Baba Shah Mir The tomb of
Shah Mir is situated in Fatehabad.
l The town of Fatehabad was built by Feroz
Shah Tughlaq. It is believed that he built the
tomb of Shah Mir in white marble.
Tourism in Haryana 331

Other Tombs of the State Ibrahim Lodhi

Other Tombs District l Ibrahim Lodhi’s mausoleum is in Panipat.
Baba Muquaddam Hisar l In the first Battle of Panipat, fought between
Babar and Ibrahim Lodhi, he died on the
Baba Mubarakshah Charki-Dadri
battlefield. Therefore, his mausoleum is built
Jamal Khan Sonipat there.
Sheikh Hazrat Jalaluddin Panipat l At this place, a high double terraceed platform
Baba Alishad Kurukshetra was built by Britishers. An inscription fixed in
niche near the grave declares that in 1867 AD,
Baba Chetanshah Kaithal
Britishers rebuilt the tomb during the
Hazrat Khwaja Shamsuddin Panipat construction of Grand Trunk Road.
Kabir Ul Auliya Panipat Sheikh Chilli
Sayyed Roshan Ali Panipat l Sheikh Chilli’s tomb is situated in Thanesar in
Sheikh Aman Ullah Panipat Kurukshetra district.
Sheikh Junaid Hisar
l Sheikh Chilli’s real name was Abdul Rahim
Abdul Karim Razak. He was spiritual teacher of
Dara Shikoh, the eldest son of Shah Jahan.
Mausoleum or Samadhi in
Haryana l The tomb was built in memory of Sheikh
Chilli by Dara Shikoh. It includes two tombs,
Major mausoleum in Haryana are as follows: a Madrasa, Mughal gardens.
Baba Pranpir Mausoleum l It is a beautiful monument made of marble
l The mausoleum is situated in Southern part of and is also referred as Taj Mahal of Haryana.
Hisar.
l The upper part of Mausoleum is made of up
white kankar stones. The upper portion is
made of lakhauri bricks.
l There are four doorways around the
mausoleum.
Altaf Hussain Hali
l The mausoleum of Altaf Hali is built near Bu
Alishah’s dargah.
l It is situated in Panipat district. ▲ TOMB OF SHEIKH CHILLI
l Altaf Hussain was born in 1837. He was
an Urdu scholar and knew Persian, Arabic Salar Fakhruddin and Hafiz Jamala
and English. He was a contemporary of l This mausoleum is situated in old Panipat.
Mirza Galib. His pen name was Maulana l Salar Fakhruddin and Hafiz Jamala were
Khawaja. parents of Bu Ali Shah Qalandar.
l He encouraged formal system of education, l The mausoleum was built in their memory.
built a library and Hali High School. However, the place is ruined now.
332
Muqarrab Khan
l Muqarrab was a prominent physician in the
court of Jahangir. His real name was Sheikh
Hasan.
l After his death, Jahangir erected a mausoleum
in Panipat where he breathed his last.
Khwaja Khizr
l The mausoleum of Khwaja Khizr was built by
Ibrahim Lodhi in 1522-24 AD.
l It is made up of red sand stone and has a
hemispherical dome. It is situated in Sonipat.
l It is presently under the conservation of
Archaeological Department of India.
Razia Sultan
l The tomb of Razia Sultan is in Kaithal district.
l The mausoleum had a boundary wall, a closed
arch and is made of baked bricks and lime
mortar.
l But now the place is ruined.
Shah Wilayat
l Tomb of Shah Wilayat stand besides the
musoleum of Ibrahim Khan Suri in. Narnaul,
Mahendragarh. It was built during the tenure
of Feroz Shah Tughlaq.
l The tomb is surmounted by a hemispherical
dome. It is a big tomb.
l The interior have paintings. Architectural of
Tughlaq era to British period can be seen in
this tomb.
Ibrahim Khan Suri
l This tomb is situated in South of Narnaul, the
district of Mahendragarh.
l It was constructed by Sher Shah Suri in
memory of his grandfather Ibrahim Khan
Suri.
Know Your State Haryana
l Red and grey stones are used in its
construction. The walls are artfully
sculpted.
l Huge domed shaped tomb is the main
attraction of this tomb.
Modern Tourist Centres
in Haryana
There are many tourist centres in Haryana that
are developed recently. They are as follows:
Aravalli Golf Course
l It is situated in Faridabad closer to NH-2.
l It is 9 hole golf course and is designed on the
model of Stephan Golf Course of US.
Surajkund
l It is situated in Faridabad, 20 kms from Delhi.
l It was originally constructed by King Surajmal
of Tomar Dynasty. The shape of Surajkund
resembles to the rising sun.
l There is a hemispherical dam built on the
beach of Surajkund to collect and conserve
rain water.
l The lake close to Surajkund is known as
Mayur lake.
l Archaeological excavations has revealed
existence of a Sun Temple here based on ruins
that can be seen even now.
l In modern times, Surajkund is developed as a
place for crafts fair where craftsmen display
their items.
Morni Hills
l It is the only hill station in Haryana, situated
in Ambala.
l Morni hills, geographically lies on the outer
fringe of the Shiwalik hills.
Tourism in Haryana
Mountain Quail
It is situated in Morni hills of Panchkula district.
It is developed as an eco-tourism spot by the
Government of Haryana.
Kingfisher
l It is a resort with health club, swimming pool,
situated on Delhi-Ambala Amritsar highway
(NH-1).
l The place was used as a stable for military
horses and a cantonment during the British
rule.
Yadavindra Garden
l It is located in Pinjore, Panchkula on the
Chandigarh-Shimla road. It is also called
Pinjore gardens.
l It was built in 17th century by Fidai Khan,
architect appointed by Aurangzeb.
l The name Yadavindra is on the name of
Maharaja Yadavindra of Patiala who
rennovated this garden.
l This beautiful garden was also known as
Mughal garden in the medieval period. The
entire garden is divided into four floor. First
floor has Sheesh Mahal, on the second floor,
there is Rang Mahal.
l The third floor has cyprus trees, flowerbeds
and groves of fruits trees. The fourth floor has
the Jal Mahal with a square fountain bed.
l Yadavindra gardens is built on the style of
Shalimar Bagh of Srinagar. It reflects the
combinations of Rajasthani-Mughal style of
architecture.
l Special festivals like Pinjore Baisakhi festival in
April, Pinjore Mango Mela in July and Pinjore
heritage festival in December are major annual
celebrations at the garden.
333
Sohna (Gurugram)
l This tourist centre is constructed on the outer
fringes of the Aravalli hills.
l It is situated at Delhi-Alwar road in
Gurugram.
l In the month of February, a vintage car rally is
organised here. It is also known for its hot
springs (kunds).
l During winter season this tourist destination
attracts tourists a lot.
Tilyar Lake
l It is a man made lake developed in Rohtak
district. It is spread over an area of 123 acres.
l There is a cafetaria, a zoo, green lawns for
picnic around Tilyar lake.
Tajewala, Hathnikund, Kalesar Complex
l Tajewala, Hathnikund and Kalesar are at a
distance of 5 kms from each other at
Jagadhri-Paonta road.
l Tajewala and Hathnikund are on the Western
Yamuna Canal System. Both the places
provide ample fishing opportunities.
l From Hathnikund, a glance on Yamuna river is
awesome. It is also developed as a common area
for camping, rafting and other water sports.
l Tajewala and Hathnikund have rest houses.
l Kalesar is a sal forest reserve area having good
concentration of sal trees and Chinar trees to
certain extent. It is good for hiking.
l It is spread over an area of 5100 hectare. The
place has rest houses and restaurant.
l Dabchik It is situated on Delhi-Agra National
Highway in the district of Faridabad. It has a
resort, entertainment park and camel sides for
children.
334
l Chokki Dhani It is situated in Sonipat on
National Highway No. 1. The place is
developed as a village tourism where artists
showcase their arts and crafts. The place offers
pure ethnic and traditional food and culture.
The State Government of Haryana develop
several tourist resorts all through the state
specially along the National Highways.
Haryana Tourism Policy, 2008
With the view to speed up development of
tourism in Haryana, the State Government
announced a Tourism Policy. The new Tourism
Policy envisages creation of an environment
conducive to increase the private investment in
the tourism sector.
The focus shall be on the following areas :
l To promote tourism as a major engine of
economic growth and capitalise potential of
sustainable tourism for economic and
employment generation.
l To develop tourism, the establishment of
Council of Tourism Development and Hotel
Management institutes in Rohtak and
Faridabad.
l To encourage private sector in development of
tourism by providing water, electricity and
transport facilities.
l Developing heritage hotels, health clubs,
adventure islands and entertainment parks,
adventure farms, medical tourism, exhibition
centres and sports complexes.
Tourism Divisions
The HTDC has divided the state into various
divisions so as to encourage tourism. The
divisions are as follows :
l Highway Tourism The areas adjoining the
national highways are developed into tourist
centres. They are Kurukshetra, Karnal, Panipat,
Know Your State Haryana
Sonipat and Palwal. An estimated 65 lakh
tourists visit these centres annually.
l Weekend Tourism Haryana Government has
designed the weekend tourism complexes to
cater to business class and upper income
groups. They are developed in Faridabad,
Rohtak, Gurugram, Hisar and Panchkula.
l Heritage Tourism The areas having
significant heritage sites are developed in
heritage tourism. They are Pinjore in
Panchkula and Ballabhgarh in Faridabad.
Under Heritage Circuit of Swadesh Darshan
Scheme, Rewari-Mahendragarh- Madhogarh
Circuit would be developed as a global
tourism destination.
l Pilgrim Tourism Many sites are developed to
cater to pilgrim segment in Haryana. They
are Kurukshetra, Kaithal and Panchkula.
Kurukshetra is being developed as a
international tourism centre.
l Eco Tourism Morni hills, Sultanpur, Kalesar
complex are developed as eco tourism centres.
Haryana Tourism Corporation
Limited (HTCL)
l It is the government owned official tourism
agency of Haryana in India. It began its
operation with one resort in 1966 and now
owns and operates tourist complexes all over
the state. These complexes offer lodging,
fooding and recreational activities.
l Haryana Tourism Corporation also offers
adventure tourism and farm tourism. To
promote the ancient heritage of Pinjore, the
Pinjore Heritage Festival is also celebrated
every year.
l Several tourist spots were opened along the
national highways crossing through the state
to cater to the travellers.
Tourism in Haryana 335

Tourist Destinations Developed by HTCL Name Place Year

Tourist Spot Place Year of Formation Jungle Babbler Rewari 1974

Aravalli Golf Course Faridabad 1966 Dabchick Palwal 1974

Yadavindra Gardens Pinjore 1967 Barbet, Saras, Shama Gurugram 1974

(Panchkula)
Myna Rohtak 1975
Badkhal Lake Faridabad 1969
Skylark Panipat 1976
Sultanpur Lake Gurugram 1972
Surkhab Sirsa 1980
Karna Lake Karnal 1972
Sandpiper Rewari 1982
Tilyaar Lake Rohtak 1973
Magpie, Rajhans, Faridabad 1982
Surajkund Faridabad 1988 Sunbird
Damdama Lake Gurugram 1989 Baya Bhiwani 1983
Chokhi Dhani Sonipat – Grey Pelican Yamunanagar 1984
Koel Kaithal 1984
Tourist Complexes In Haryana
Kingfisher Ambala 1986
l The Government of Haryana has set up a
Neelkanthi Kurukshetra 1987
network of 44 tourist complexes in all over the
state. Tourist complexes have been set at Mountain Quail Panchkula 1987
strategic points along the highway passing Gauriyya Jhajjar 1990
through the state. Jatayu Yatrika Panchkula 1993
l Further, tourist complexes have been Papiha Fatehabad 1994
developed around Delhi to promote leisure
tourism and conference tourism. The HTDC Black bird Hansi 1999

tourist complexes and resorts are as follows: Anjan Pehowa 1999

Resorts Developed by HTDC Highway Golf Club Uchan 1999

Name Place Year Ethnic Indian Rai (Sonipat) 2000
Blue Jay Panipat 1972 Nahar Singh Palace Ballabhgarh 2003
Parakeet Kurukshetra 1972 Adventure Resort Tikkantal 2003
(Panchkula)
Bulbul Jind 1972
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Which place in Haryana is renowned for 10. Religious site Narkatri is near which river
performing rituals of forefathers that has in Haryana? [HSSC Taxation Inspector 2017]
same significance as of Gaya in Bihar? (a) Vyas River (b) Yamuna River
(a) Pehowa (b) Asthal Bohar (c) Satluj River (d) Saraswati River
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Kameshwar
11. Which place in Haryana is known as ‘Laghu
2. Jyotisar is famous for what? Haridwar’? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Golf course (b) Hills (a) Hatkeshwar (b) Pandu-Pindara
(c) Lake (d) Geeta Sthali
(c) Safidon (d) Debsar
3. The place in Haryana where Lord Krishna
12. Duryodhana hide himself in which place in
delivered the Geeta-Updesh to Arjun?
Jind?
[HSSC 2015]
(a) Pandu-Pindara (b) Dhundwa
(a) Markanday (b) Kaleshwar
(c) Jyotisar (d) Brahma Sarovar (c) Safidon (d) Hatkeshwar

4. Who built the Brahmasarovar in 13. Which religious place is now the
Kurukshetra? [HSSC Auction Record 2016] headquarter of Jind district?
(a) Safidon (b) Ram Raya
(a) Raja Kuru (b) Raja Bharat
(c) Ashoka (d) Pandavas (c) Hansdehar (d) Jamni

5. Brahmasarovar is situated in ……… district 14. Shri Sheetala Mata temple is situated in
of Haryana. [HSSC 2021, 18] which district of Haryana?
(a) Rohtak (b) Rewari
[HSSC 2021, Taxation Inspector 2014]
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Faridabad (a) Rewari (b) Mahendragarh
(c) Gurugram (d) Hisar
6. Sannith Teerth is situated in the district of
.......... in Haryana. [HSSC 2020, 18] 15. Where in Haryana is Navgraha Kund
(a) Gurugram (b) Kurukshetra located? [PGT 2016]
(c) Ambala (d) Rewari (a) Kaithal (b) Kurukshetra
7. The book written by historian and traveller (c) Hansi (d) Jagadhari
Al-Biruni ‘Kitabul-Hind’ mentions about 16. Phalgu tourist place is located in which
which lake in Haryana? district? [HSSC 2019]
(a) Brahmasarovar (b) Karnal Jheel (a) Mahendragarh (b) Kaithal
(c) Hathnikund (d) Surajkund (c) Jind (d) Jhajjar
8. Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is related to which 17. Which place in Haryana is known as Choti
pilgrim site in Haryana? Kashi? [Haryana Patwari 2016]
[HSSC Divison Account 2016] (a) Hisar (b) Bhiwani
(a) Kamalnath (b) Kuber
(c) Kaithal (d) Nuh
(c) Markanday (d) Aapga
18. Religious place of Panchvati is located
9. After winning the battle, Yudhisthir
where in Haryana?
constructed which well?
[Haryana Bus Conductor 2017]
[HSSC Divison Account 2016]
(a) Chandrakoop (b) Surya Koop (a) Palwal (b) Rohtak
(c) Dharma Koop (d) Mangal Koop (c) Yamunanagar (d) Devsar
Tourism in Haryana 337

19. Modewala mandir at Mahendragarh district 30. World famous Surajkund tourist complex is
is dedicated to whom? [Haryana State 2017] situated in which district of Haryana?
(a) Brahma (b) Rama (a) Faridabad
(c) Krishna (d) Shiva (b) Gurugram
(c) Sonipat
20. Sthaneswar Mahadev Temple is situated in
(d) None of the above
the district of ............ .
(a) Panchkula (b) Kurukshetra 31. Badhkal lake, a natural lake is located in
(c) Yamunanagar (d) Bhiwani which district of Haryana?
(a) Hisar (b) Panchkula
21. Bhima Devi Temple of Pinjore is built
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Faridabad
during the reign of which dynasty?
(a) Gupta (b) Kushanas 32. The Madhewala temple in Narnaul is
(c) Gurjar-Pratihars (d) Vardhan dedicated to which God?
[Haryana Senior Scale Steno 2017]
22. Which of the following pilgrims is not (a) Sun God (b) Vishnu
situated in Kurukshetra? (c) Brahma (d) Shiva
(a) Bhima temple
(b) Jyotisar 33. Which district in Haryana has the Manjhi
(c) Pehowa Sahib Gurudwara? [PGT 2016]
(d) Maa Bhadra Kali temple (a) Karnal (b) Ambala
(c) Kaithal (d) Jind
23. Where is the famous old temple of Sheetla
mata located in Haryana? [HSSC 2020] 34. Badshahi Bagh Gurudwara in Ambala is
(a) Gurugram (b) Ambala dedicated to which Sikh Guru?
(c) Faridabad (d) Rohtak (a) Guru Gobind Singh
(b) Guru Tegh Bahadur
24. The famous Mansa Devi Temple is situated
(c) Guru Nanak Dev
in the district of ................. .
(d) Guru Ram Das
(a) Faridabad (b) Ambala
(c) Jhajjar (d) Panchkula 35. In Kaithal city of Haryana, which
Gurudwara is situated near Dogra Gate?
25. Bhawani Amba Temple is located in which
[HSSC 2016]
district of Haryana?
(a) Gurudwara Neem Sahib
(a) Ambala (b) Gurugram
(b) Ragdhar Gurudwara
(c) Jind (d) Kaithal
(c) Gurudwara Chhati Patsahi
26. Ambakesh temple is located in which (d) Gurudwara Hanji Sahib
district of Haryana? 36. Which religious and historical place is
(a) Kaithal (b) Sonipat situated in Lakhan Majra? [HSSC 2016]
(c) Gurugram (d) Yamunanagar
(a) Neen Sahib Gurudwara
27. In which of the following district, temple of (b) Manji Sahib Gurudwara
Bhawani Amba is situated? (c) Sri Singh Sahib Gurudwara
(a) Ambala (b) Bhiwani (d) Kapal Mochan Gurudwara
(c) Faridabad (d) None of these
37. Cantonment Church Town is located at
28. Bhuteshwara temple is situated in the which of the following districts?
district of ........... . [HSSC 2017, (a) Karnal (b) Mewat
Police Constable 2016] (c) Bhiwani (d) Hisar
(a) Bhiwani (b) Jind
38. Which famous monument was built in 1857
(c) Jhajjar (d) Panipat
in Ambala cantonment area?
29. The world’s second temple of Lord (a) Ali Wardi Masjid
Parsuram in India is situated in Haryana in (b) Neem Sahab Gurudwara
the district of ........... . (c) ST. Paul’s Church
(a) Panipat (b) Bhiwani (d) Bhawani Amba Temple
(c) Rewari (d) Palwal
338 Know Your State Haryana

39. Which ruler has built Kabuli Bagh Mosque 51. Who is the architect of Yadavendra
located in Panipat? Gardens?
(a) Akbar (b) Humayun (a) Aurangzeb (b) Jahangir
(c) Babur (d) Jahangir (c) Nawab Fadai Khan (d) Shah Jahan
40. Where is Shishewali mosque, Dini mosque 52. Tilyar lake is located in which district of
and Lal mosque in Haryana? Haryana?
[Haryana Bus Conductor 2016] (a) Jind (b) Mahendragarh
(a) Kurukshetra (b) Rohtak (c) Rohtak (d) Kaithal
(c) Palwal (d) Kaithal 53. What is the other name of Yadavendra
41. Humayun Mosque is located in ........... . Gardens?
(a) Gurugram (b) Fatehabad (a) Pauchkula gardens (b) Pinjore gardens
(c) Rose garden (d) Ch. Devilal Graden
(c) Hisar (d) Bhiwani
54. Where is Chokki Dhani situated in Haryana?
42. People offer watches and clocks in which
(a) Panipat (b) Karnal
tomb situated in Haryana?
(c) Sonipat (d) Kurukshetra
(a) Naugaza Pir (b) Sheikh Junaid
(c) Chetan Shah Pir (d) Meer Sahib 55. Which among the following district is being
developed as weekend tourism centre by
43. Which district of Haryana has tomb of five Haryana?
peer? (a) Karnal (b) Kurukshetra
(a) Karnal (b) Sonipat (c) Hisar (d) Panipat
(c) Fatehbad (d) Mewat
56. In which year, Haryana Tourism
44. Sheikh Chilli’s tomb is situated where in Corporation was established?
Haryana? [HSSC 2019, Haryana Police 2016] (a) 1966 (b) 1996
(a) Thanesar (b) Hansi (c) 1976 (d) 1968
(c) Pundrik (d) Narnaul
57. Adventure resort at Tikkar Taal is located
45. Where is Ibrahim Khan’s Mausoleum in which district of Haryana?
located in Haryana? [TGT 2016] (a) Ambala (b) Panchkula
(a) Rewari (b) Kaithal (c) Yamunanagar (d) Mahendragarh
(c) Narnaul (d) Hodal
58. Surkhab Tourist Complex developed by
46. Mausoleum of Ibrahim Lodhi is situated Haryana Tourist Development Corporation
where in Haryana? lies in which district of Haryana?
[Haryana Forest Department 2017] (a) Hisar (b) Fatehabad
(a) Pinjore (b) Rewari (c) Bhiwani (d) Sirsa
(c) Gurugram (d) Panipat
59. Kingfisher Tourist Complex is located in the
47. Which museum is famous for large district of
collections of objects from wars? (a) Panchkula (b) Rohtak
(a) Panipat (b) Rewari (c) Ambala (d) Gurugram
(c) Badkhalsa (d) None of these
60. Which district of Haryana has been
48. Badkhalsa museum is related to identified under Swadesh Darshan Scheme
(a) Bhai Kushal Singh (b) Guru Tegh Bahadur for Development?
(c) Guru Gobind Singh (d) Both (a) and (b) (a) Kaithal (b) Yamunanagar
49. Rewari Steam Locomotive Shed and Rail (c) Jind (d) Kurukshetra
Museum was refurbished in ........... . 61. India’s biggest Ashoka Chakra was recently
(a) 1985 (b) 1988 (c) 2002 (d) 2005 unveiled in .......... district of Haryana.
50. Where is Aravalli golf course situated? [HSSC 2021]
(a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram (a) Gurugram (b) Yamunanagar
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Bhiwani (c) Jind (d) Faridabad
Tourism in Haryana 339

62. Nek Chand Saini is associated with the 66. Which of the following pairs is not correctly
............ . [HSSC 2020] matched?
(a) Novel, Lalpasina
(a) Pratapgarh Faridabad
(b) Literary work, Seep ka Moti
(c) Film, Chandrawal (b) Sohna Gurugram
(d) Rock Garden
(c) Pehowa Kurukshetra
63. The Tomb of Ibrahim Khan Lodhi is
situated in which district of Haryana? (d) Dadri Bhiwani
[HSSC 2020]
(a) Faridabad (b) Panipat 67. Match the following.
(c) Pinjore (d) Gurugram List I List II
64. Pipli mini zoo is situated in the district of (Tourist Complex) (District)
........... in Haryana. [HSSC 2020]
A. Black Bird Tourist Complex 1. Hisar
(a) Bhiwani
(b) Kurukshetra B. Sandpiper Tourist Complex 2. Bhiwani
(c) Rohtak
C. Baya Tourist Complex 3. Rewari
(d) Panchkula
D. Barbet Tourist Complex 4. Gurugram
65. How much financial assistance is given per
person for Kailash Mansarovar Pilgrimage
Codes
under Swarna Jayanti Sindhu Darshan and
Mansarovar Yatra? A B C D A B C D
(a) ` 40000 (b) ` 50000 (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 1 3 2 4
(c) ` 30000 (d) ` 25000 (c) 4 3 2 1 (d) 4 2 3 1

Answers
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (d) 20. (b)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (d) 30. (a)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (b)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (d) 47. (a) 48. (d) 49. (c) 50. (a)
51. (c) 52. (c) 53. (b) 54. (c) 55. (c) 56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (d) 59. (c) 60. (d)
61. (b) 62. (d) 63. (b) 64. (b) 65. (b) 66. (a) 67. (b)
CHAPTER 22
Architecture, Art and
Crafts in Haryana
The Arts and Crafts of Haryana depict its rich
cultural heritage. The town planning of Rohtak
city mentioned in Buddhist scripture that is
Divyavadana is an example of an artistic features
of the state of Haryana. The state of Haryana
has been known for its architecture, sculpture
and painting since ancient times.
Architecture in Haryana
The architecture of Haryana has been divided
into ancient, medieval and British period.
Ancient Architecture
l In Vedic literature there is a mention of
magnificent buildings and cities. According to
Buddhist scripture Divyavadana, Rohtak city
was 12 Yojan long and 7 Yojan wide. For its
protection, strong walls were built around it,
in which 62 doors had been made.
l Mahabhasaya written by Patanjali mentioned
about a multi-storeyed building in Sugh of
Yamunanagar district.
l The towns of Tosham, Sirsa, Kaithal (Thul
Kot), Hisar and Sonipat were well organised
settlements.
l Agroha in Hisar was also a well-planned
considered a place with town which is evident
from archaeological excavations.
l Nar-Narayana cave in Yamunanagar is the best
example of the ancient period architecture in
Haryana.
Ancient Fort Architecture
lThe forts in Haryana were built on raised
platforms or hills and surrounded by moat that
was filled with water.
lIn ancient scriptures, description of 10 forts of
Haryana has been found of which three forts
in Sirsa, Meham and Rohtak are mentioned in
Nakul Digvijay. Karna’s fort in Thanesar and
Sohna fort in Karnal are examples of ancient
architecture. Banabhatta gave complete
description about the fort of Thanesar.
lHansi was considered as the best fort of India
in pre-medieval period. The Barsi gate of this
fort is still in good condition. This fort was
built by Harshavardhana and was repaired by
Alauddin Khilji in 1304 AD.
Religious Buildings of Ancient Period
lChaneti Stupa located in Yamunanagar district
was the most ancient religious building. It was
constructed during the Mauryan ruler, Ashoka
period. It is constructed with baked bricks in a
spherical structure and its height is 20m. It is
an example of Hindu-Muslim architecture,
which is also known as Akbari style.
Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana
l In Thanesar a stupa was also built by Ashoka.
Its height is 80m. It contains the relics of
Buddha. The information about this stupa is
found in the account of Chinese pilgrim
Hiuen-Tsang.
l Apart from this, Hiuen-Tsang had mentioned
about 3 monasteries in Thanesar and 5
monasteries in Sugh in which many Buddhist
monks used to live.
l Banabhatta had given information about many
temples of Thanesar such as Lord Shiv temple,
Goddess Durga temple and Lord
Vishwakarma temple.
l The Vishnu temple of Tosham was the most
ancient among the Hindu temples of Haryana.
l Information about the Vishnu temple during
Gupta period has been found in Agroha and
Nachar Khera.
Medieval Architecture
l The oldest mansion (Haveli) of the state was
the palace of Feroz Shah Tughlaq which is
located in Fatehabad district. It is an example
of Turkish architectural style.
l Gujri Mahal in Hisar was built by Feroz Shah
Tughlaq for his beloved Gujri Rani. Its
construction was started in 1354 AD and it
was completed in two years.
▲ SHISH MAHAL BUILT BY FAUJDAR KHAN
341
l The palace was constructed from black stone
and Lat ki Masjid is also situated in this
palace.
l Jal Mahal in Narnaul (Mahendragarh district)
is another example of Medieval architecture. It
was built by Shah Quli Khan in 1591 AD. He
was the Mughal Governor of Narnaul during
the reign of Akbar. The palace is made of red
and yellow sandstone and is situated in the
middle of a pond.
l This palace is built in Akbari style and the roof
inside the palace is decorated like Rajput
palaces. Five canopies are built on this palace.
l Rang Mahal at Buria in Yamunanagar district
was built by a chief courtier of Shah Jahan in
1630 AD.
l The entire work of this palace has been done
with stones and no wood has been used in
making this palace. It is a three-storeyed palace
and it had beautiful paintings on its inside
walls. In present times, the paintings on the
walls have been disappeared.
l Shish Mahal in Farrukhnagar of Gurugram
district is an example of the architecture of
post-Mughal period. It was built in 1711 AD
by Faujdar Khan. This palace was made of
stone , slate and lime.
342
l During this period, two beautiful palaces were
also built in Ballabhgarh and Rewari
respectively. These palaces are made of black
stone, slate and lime.
l The tomb and dome of Razia Sultana, the
first woman ruler of India located in
Kaithal, are other examples of medieval
architecture.
Fort Architecture During Medieval
Period
lAsigarh fort in Hansi is an example of
medieval architecture. It is also known as Fort
of Aligarh or Talwar Fort. It was built by
Prithviraj Chauhan.
lGopal Giri fort was built by Balban in 13th
century. It is situated on Delhi-Gurugram road.
lSome forts were also built by Mewat rulers
which are located in Sohna, Kotla, Umrawat
and Indore. These forts were built over
hillocks and depict the Turk-Afghan style of
architecture.
lIn terms of protection, Kanod fort was a
important fort of Post Mugal period. It is
located in Mahendragarh district. This fort
was built by Maratha rulers in
1775 AD.
Religious Buildings of Medieval Period
lHindu temples in Haryana were mostly build
during early medieval period from, 8th to 11th
Century AD. Some of these temples are
temple of Gurbuda, built in 9th century and
temple of Rohtak built in 11th century. These
temples are made of red stone and depict
Nagara style of architecture.
lRock inscriptions found in Sirsa describes
about Shiva temple built by Pushp Dutt.
lDescription of many Vishnu temples is found
in Pehowa inscription (882 AD) of Bhoja Dev.
lMany Shiv temples had been built in Kalayat,
in which all except two temples were destroyed
by the invaders.
Know Your State Haryana
l These two temples were built in Nagara style
in 9th century. The top parts of these temples
is similar to Odia temples and the remaining
parts resembles the Surya temple of Rajasthan.
Islamic Buildings of Medieval Period
l Lat Masjid built in 14th Century AD by Feroz
Shah Tughlaq is the most famous Islamic
building in Hisar. There is an ‘L’ shaped lake
beside the mosque and a lat (pillar). The
leaning walls of this mosque are inspired by
the Seljuk style, Hindu style and the pillars of
Ashoka.
l Chahar Qutub is another famous building
located in Hansi district. The tombs of Sufi
saints, Jalal-ud-din, Qutub-ud-din,
Bahar-ud-din and Nur-ud-din are situated
in it. The tomb of Qutub’s disciple, Mir Tajara
is the most magnificent piece of art in North
India.
l Dargarh of Sheikh Bu Ali Shah Qalandar in
Panipat is an example of Islamic architectural
style.
l Mausoleum of Ibrahim Suri in Narnaul built
in 1540 CE is known for its architecture.
l Octagonal mausoleum of Khijr Khan in the
North of in Sonipat is built in Pathan style. It
was built by descendant of Sher Shah.
l Kabulibagh Mosque built in 1527 AD by
Babur in Panipat after his victory over Ibrahim
Lodhi in first battle of Panipat in 1526 AD.
l Kabulibagh mosque was named after Babur’s
first wife Kabuli Begam. Its architectural style
resembles royal mosques in Samarkand (near
Kabul). The gate and walls are built with
bricks and red sandstone.
l The towers of the kabulibagh mosque have
octagonal shape and there is a large dome at the
center which is supported by 26 small domes.
l Tomb of Shah Quli built in 1574 AD in
Narnaul is another example of Islamic
architecture. Tomb is octagonal in shape
having a narrow passage all along the base.
Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana 343

l Sheikh Chelli’s Tomb was built in 1650 AD by Dara-Shukoh in Thanesar (Kurukshetra). It is built
in marble, red sandstone, bricks, limestone and coloured tiles. The tomb is built on a raised plinth
and the roof inside the tomb has paintings on it. It is popularly known as Taj Mahal of Haryana.
The tomb was declared as national heritage under Archaeological Land Remains Act, 1958.

▲ LAT KI MASJID BUILT BY FEROZ SHAH TUGHLAQ

Other Examples of Ancient and Medieval Architecture

l Baoli were also constructed in medieval period in many parts of Haryana. They were built by
stones, rocks and bricks and depict Hamams (man made ponds). Of these, the most ancient Baoli
was Pinangwan (in Mewat region), built with bricks and limestones. Bridges were also constructed
in Mughal period in Haryana. They were built in bricks and limestone.
l Saray or rest houses were built in many places of Haryana. Shah Jahan had built rest houses in
Samalkha, Narnaul, Tarawadi, Gharaunda. Aaram-e-Kausar is a rest house built by Shah Quli
Khan in Narnaul. The Badshahi or Mughal Bridge in Karnal is one of the best example of
architecture of Mughal period.
Other Famous Buildings of Haryana
Buildings Location Year Description
Kos Minar Ambala 1540 AD Sher Shah Suri erected Kos Minars at every Kos (unit for
measuring distance) in the state.
Meham Chaubisi ka Meham (Rohtak) 1656 AD It was built by Suddo Kalal, representative of Shah Jahan. It
Chabutra is also known as ‘Swarg ka Jharna’ and ‘Meham ki Shaan’.
Sheikh Tayyab’s Kaithal 16th Century AD It was built by Hazrat Shah Sikander. It has a hemispherical
Tomb dome in the centre and is built in Pathan style.
Birbal ka Chhatta Narnaul 17th Century AD It was built by Rai Mukundas. It is also known as Palace of
Mukundas.
Rang Mahal of Birbal Yamunanagar It was built by Birbal during the reign of Shah Jahan. It was a
site of Sanskrit learning and Buddhist studies.
Fort of Nahar Singh Ballabhgarh 1739 AD It was built by ancestors of Nahar Sing. It is also known as
(Faridabad) ‘Nahar Singh Palace’. It is made of sandstone. It is a
heritage site of the State Government of Haryana.
344
British and Modern Architecture
l Many towns and buildings have been built
in this period on the basis of modern
technique.
Karnal is the first in Haryana which is
l
formed on a pre-planned and modern
technique or architecture.
l In 1806 AD, the British set up many
military camps and barracks in Karnal in
Haryana which are examples of modern
architecture.
l Octor Loni House and Adams House in the
state represent an example of the
Indo-European architectural style of modern
period.
l Chandigarh is the first planned city of
India. It was designed by French architect,
Le Corbusier who also designed the state
High Court in Chandigarh.
l Open Hand Monument was also
constructed by Le Corbusier.
l Birla temple situated in Kurukshetra is a
modern building built in 1952 by Jugal
Kishore Birla. The temple is built in white
marble. Its walls are decorated with verses
from Bhagavad Gita. Therefore it is also
known as Gita Mandir.
l Gauri Shankar temple in Bhiwani is also
famous for its architecture. It was
constructed by Seth Kirori Mal therefore it is
also called Kirori Mal temple.
l In Modern period, some Mosques had been
built, in which the two mosques in Rohtak
district and Jama Masjid of Gurugram are
very famous. Jama Masjid was built by
Aurangzeb. There was an ancient Mahavir
temple inside the Jama Masjid. This temple
was converted into a mosque during
Alauddin’s reign. It was again converted into
temple after 1947.
Know Your State Haryana
l Saint Paul Church in Ambala is built in Gothic
style and is one of the oldest church in the state.
It was built during the British era in India. It was
damaged by Pakistani attack in 1971.
Sculpture in Haryana
Numerous statues of Yakshas and Yakshinis have
been found in archaeological excavations from
various places of Haryana. Sculpture developed
during the reign of the following rulers in the
state:
Sculpture during Shung and
Kushana Period
l Statues dating back to 2nd century CE that
belong to Kushan period were discovered. These
statues are of a mythical character Yakshas and
Yakshinis. They are made up of red sandstone.
l Surya Stamba founded at Ameen in Thanesar is
a work of art that has resembles art of Bharhut
Sanchi Stupa.
l Several statues of Yakshas and Yakshinis are also
found from Palwal, Bhadas, Hathin and
Faridabad which are not in proper form.
l Statues of God and Goddess are being found
from Shung and Kushana period. Statues found
from Sanghel (Gurugram), Saundh (Faridabad)
and Khekrakot (Rohtak) are made in red
sandstone and had an influence of Mathura
School of Art.
l Statues depicting Buddha are found from
Gurugram, Mohanbadi, Jhaswa (Rohtak) etc.
l Two statues of Buddha are found in Rohtak and
Bhiwani which are influenced by Mathura
School of Art.
l Ancient Buddhist texts refer to Buddha’s long
journey from Hastinapur to Gaundhara via
Rohitaka, Mahangara and Srughra. Of these
Rohitaka as Rohtak and Srughra as Sugh are
correctly identified.
Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana 345

l Several non-religious statues are also Prominent Sculptures in Haryana

discovered from these places such as dancing Sculptures Location
girl, trees, etc. Yaksha-Yakshini Palwal, Bhadas, Hathin,
l A statue of Lion is found in Rohtak on which Faridabad
Yaksh had been seated. Statue made on Sun pillar Ameen, Thanesar
Statue of Buddha Bahmanwas (Rohtak),
Sculpture during Gupta Period Naurangabad (Bhiwani)
l The Gupta period was marked by huge Staue of Sun God Agroha
developments in art and culture. Statues of Staue of Lord Shiva Barwala (Hisar), Aurangabad
this period were magnificent and attractive Staue of Lord Vishnu Mohanbadi (Rohtak)
and resembles the nature. Staue of Vishnu lying on Fazilpur (Sonipat)
Sheshnag
l Buddha statues are discovered from Thanesar
Statue of Balram Rohtak
and Sandhi and Shiva statue (made of red
stone) is discovered from Harnaul in Sculptures of Jain Hansi and Rania (Sirsa)

Gurugram.
l Over period of time, the influence of the
Gupta art has been reduced which is
evident from statues of Shiva found
from Barwala (Hisar) and Naurangabad
(Bhiwani).
l The statues of Gupta Period represents reality
which is evident from statue of Sun God from
Agroha (Hisar) and statues of Vishnu from
Sonipat and Mohanbadi (Rohtak).
Sculpture during Post-Gupta
Period
l In 10th century AD, kings patronised the
sculpturists due to which they started creating
excellent work of art.
l The statues of this period are attractive
realistic and artistically made. Several
sculptures made during this period are found
throughout in Haryana.
l Some of the sculptures in 10th century are
relate to Jainism and sculptures of Chauhan
period are also found.
Sculpture of Medieval and
Modern Period
Sculpture did not develop in the state during
medieval as well as modern period.
Art in Haryana
l The art of painting in Haryana flourished
during the ancient period.
l The ancient cities of Banawali (Fathehabad)
and Mitathal (Bhiwani) were the main centre
of paintings.
l Though there is no cave paintings have been
found in Haryana of pre-historic period, but
some paintings of Siswal culture have been
found in the state.
l The earthenware of this period had been found
which was painted with black and white
colours and displayed the art of contemporary
period.
In Haryana, paintings depicting different time
periods are discussed below :
Paintings of Indus
Valley Civilisation
l Paintings of this period are the best examples
of different emotions and feelings.
l Many paintings with criss-crossed lines have
been found on earthenwares at Mitathal and
Banawali.
l These earthenwares have been decorated with
pictures of flower-petals.
346
Paintings of Vedic Period
l Paintings of this period were emotionless and
done in an unskilled way.
l The progress in painting was started during
later Vedic period.
Paintings of Harsha Period
l During 7th century AD, Harshavardhana was
a skilled painter, who also had good painters in
his court.
l Harsha’s court writer Banabhatta described
about the mural paintings in the chamber of
Harsha which had the paintings of Rati and
Priti (Wives of Kamadeva) on opposite sides.
l After Harsha’s death, painting flourished for a
while under the Rajputs, but the establishment
of the Delhi Sultanate put an end to this art.
l During the Mughal period, art of painting
evolved again.
Paintings of Medieval Period
l Medieval paintings in Haryana include the
paintings on the walls, ceilings of buildings
and inside the palaces.
l Three major styles of paintings are found in
Haryana. They are Rajput style, Mural style
and Mughal style paintings.
Rajput Style of Paintings
lThis style developed during the Rajput reign
in Haryana.
lThese paintings depict the great epic of
Ramayana. Maharaja Tej Singh palace in
Mirpur (Gurugram) is an example of Rajput
style of painting. Matru Mad ki Piao is a
Rajput style of painting famous in Gurugram,
which is based on mythological subjects.
lThe paintings like ‘Asthal Bohar’ are in the
Rajput style.
lThe influence of this style of paintings can be
seen in the temples of Lord Shiva at Panchkula
and also at the Pinjore, Pabnama and Kaithal
Know Your State Haryana
temples, at Kaul temple of Venumadhava, at
Sirsa temple of Sarsainth and at Kilayat temple
of Kapil.
Mughal Style of Paintings
lThis style evolved from the Persian school of
miniature painting with Hindu, Buddhist and
Jain influences.
lThese paintings evolved during the rule of
various Mughal Emperors in India.
lThis style is also famous in Haryana. Its
influence can be seen in temples of Rohtak
and Kaithal.
lThe Mughal paintings are dominated by use of
green, red, pink, red, pink, blue and orange
colours, which are decorated by pictures of
flowers and birds. The paintings which are
found in the Rohtak temples are now kept in
Kurukshetra University.
lSamadhis of Lala Balak Ram and Lala Jamuna
Das in Jagadhri in Ambala have paintings on
the walls in Mughal style.
Mural Style of Paintings
lThis style is made on the walls or ceilings.
This style is famous in Haryana.
lQueen Rani Chand Kaur’s Haveli, the Lord
Ram Radha’s temple, Baba Nath’s temple at
Pehowa and Bhadra Kali temple in
Kurukshetra, have the presence of mural
paintings.
lSimilar mural paintings can be seen in the
other temples and at religious Hindu locations
in the whole of Haryana state.
Paintings of Modern Period
l During first half of the 18th century painting
flourished in Haryana under ‘Rao of Rewari’.
The art developed in Rewari was a branch of
Rajasthani art.
l Paintings of Rewari were associated with the
paintings of Lord Krishna. These paintings
depicted scenes from Krishna’s life.
Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana
l In modern period, paintings were also done on
the book covers and its inner pages. Two
manuscripts of Bhagavat Purana containing
hand made paintings are preserved in
Kurukshetra University.
l Black and white colours are used in one of these
painting and vivid colours are used in the other.
l Wall paintings were also very popular in
Haryana. The walls of many temples, rest
houses and public places in rural Haryana are
adorned with paintings.
l They are specially found in Sonipat, Panipat,
Hisar, Kaithal, Beri, Meham and Dadri.
l The Persian Script is written in calligraphic
style in many mosques. The side panels of
doors and walls have written verses of Quran in
flowing styles. This kind of calligraphic style is
specially found in the mosques of Rohtak and
Kalayat.
Folk Art of Haryana : Sanjhi
l On the first day of Ashwin-Shukla Pratipada, the
young girls and village women adore their walls
of the house with images of Goddess Sanjhi.
l The image is made with clay and cowdung on
walls. It is decorated with using different
colours and ornaments.
l Earthen lamps are lightened and songs are sung
during the night in praise of Sanjhi.
l This beautiful rural art form is mainly found in
Jat villages of Haryana.
▲ SANJHI
347
Crafts of Haryana
Crafts of Haryana are very famous which are
also exported all over the world. Its craft is one
of the major modes of income for the rural
people of the state.
Embroidery and Textile Works
Embroidery and textile works of Haryana are
discussed below:
Phulkari Shawl
lThe meaning of Phulkari is work of flower
and this craft is very much demanded and
famous in Haryana.
lThe Phulkari shawl is similar to Kashmiri
shawls.
lIt is woven by women in rural Haryana
specially in Jind, Kaithal, Fatehabad and
Ambala districts.
lBirds, animals, flowers, trees and human
figures are beautifully embroidered into the
shawls by rural women.
lSilken threads of different colours are used to
create simple yet elegant designs.
Bagh Shawl
lA unique form of shawl popular in Haryana
is known as Bagh. The Bagh shawl is totally
designed by using the intricate embroidery
work.
lThe designs used on the Bagh shawls are
always inspired by the pattern of geometry.
Green colour clothes are generally used in the
Baghs.
lThe designs that are made commonly include
elements like elephants, houses, crops, sun,
moon, kites, garden scenes, etc.
Chope Shawl
Another style of shawl manufactured by
Haryana artisans is Chope. It is more simple as
compared to Phulkari and Bagh shawls.This
fabric is gifted to a newly married bride by her
maternal grandmother.
348
Dharshan Dwar Shawl
lThe religious shawl is known as Darshan Dwar.
It is usually gifted by the devotees to the
temple. Human figures are usually depicted in
these shawl designs.
lDarshan Dwar means gateway to the divine
and the two ends of this shawl are decorated
with bands of wheat design.
lThere is thick border patterned with
alternating diagonal bands of five colours i.e.
yellow, green, white, orange and pink.
Durries
▲ HANDE KNITTED DURRIES
l The durries are very common in the state, but
these contain very dynamic designs which give
a grace to the whole rug.
l The Jat community of Haryana state is
well-known for manufacturing of durries.
l They use the designs like white colour triangles,
opposite to the background of blue colour.
l This unique style of design makes durries very
nice and beautiful. Geometric designs are also
used on durries.
l Panipat is the hub of durries manufacturing in
Haryana. Its adjacent areas also manufactured
durries. It is also known as ‘‘City of Weavers’’.
l The most famous durries are Punja durries that
are common in every household.
l The Punja durries are woven into various designs
such as stripes, check boards, squares and pictures
of birds, animals, human figures, plants, etc.
Know Your State Haryana
Lungis
lLungi is the long piece of fabric, which is
worn by men. It is mainly a rural dress.
lKarnal is very famous for the bright colour
lungis.
Leather Craft
l Leather based footwear, known as Juttis are
famous in Haryana.
l These are usually designed intricately with
copper, silver and silk threads. Now mirrors,
beads and other accessories are also used for
creating designs.
l Juttis are famous for both formal as well as
informal occassions in Haryana.
l Rewari, Jhajjhar, Karnal and Hisar are famous
for Zari Juttis whereas Rohtak is famous for
leather work.
Metal Work
l In metal work, brass sheets are used to make
kitchen utensils.
l These utensils are a part of bride’s wedding
gifts.
l Metal work is mainly done in Gurugram and
Rewari districts of Haryana.
Ornament Work
l Jewellery of silver and lac, crafted with filigree
and decorative work is very famous in
Haryana.
l The jewellery is made in traditional and folk
designs and is very popular among urban and
rural folks.
l Silver waist belts made with stiff broad bands,
which are flattened and twisted, are very
famous in the state.
l Gurugram and Sirsa are important places of
jewellery making in Haryana.
l Mahendragarh is famous for lac bangles.
Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana
Pidi or Footstool Craft
l The crafts of Haryana are famous for the low
stool or ‘Pidi’ whose seat is made with strands
of thread twined to form different kinds of
coloured patterns.
▲ PIDI OR FOOTSTOOL CRAFT
l The thickness of the thread varies according to
the size of the article, for example, thick twine
is needed for making a bed or charpai.
l Famous patterns like ‘Pacchisi’ (design of the
game of dice), ‘Giani Chor ka Chatta’ (maze
consisting of a secret passage made by the thief
Giani), etc are woven intricately.
l The reverse side of the Pidi has a different
design. Haryana is famous for two types of
woven furniture, mudhas (round stools) and
chairs made of sarkandas (a reed) from
Farrukhnagar and Pidis from Sonipat.
Pottery Craft
l Pottery is a famous rural craft in Haryana.
The, kick-operated type of potter’s wheel is
commonly used for making this craft which is
operated by foot instead of hand.
l The work of painting pottery is done by the
females, while the pots are made by males.
l Rewari, Jhajjar, Pinjore and Bahadurgarh are
famous for pottery.
349
l Jhajjar is famous for Surahi, a slim-necked
pitcher. Cups, plates, water vessels, pipe bowls,
etc are made in Rohtak. Terracotta items are
produced in Gurugram, Jhajjar, Faridabad and
Kurukshetra districts of Haryana.
l Other important pottery items are household
utensils, toys, animal figures such as cow,
horse, decorative items like vases, lamp shades,
pitchers, flower vases, etc.
Wood Craft
lWomen artisans of Haryana make beautiful
hand fans, also known as Kundaladar Pakkhi.
lBamboo sheets are used as curtains in summer
season which reduce the intensity of sunlight.
lChangeri craft (basket with lids) is mainly
done by women folk, who use wheat grass to
made beautiful baskets, dressing table, mats
and other items.
lBhiwani, Mahendragarh, Rohtak and
Panchkula are important centres of wood and
bamboo crafts.
Toy Making Craft
lTraditional toy making is a major craft in
Haryana. Doll making is widely practised in
the state.
lBright coloured wooden dolls are very famous
in the state.
lBabushka dolls, lacquer dolls, string puppets,
clay Indian toys and leather stuffs are also
famous.
lGurugram and Faridabad are important
centres of toy making. Haryana Arts council
has been making efforts for keeping this art
alive.
350 Know Your State Haryana

Craft Cluster Division of Haryana

Name of Districts Craft Cluster Craft
Gurugram Firozpur-Jhirka, Pataudi Farrukhnagar Terracotta, Metal Jewellery, Mudha Making
Rewari Kaisthwada, Rampura, Qutabpur Brass Metal, Zari Jutti
Jhajjar Bahadurgarh, Jhajjar Sandalwood Carving, Terracotta
Faridabad Badkhal, Palwal, Hodal Terracotta, Basketry, Bone carving
Sonipat Farmana Zari Jutti, Peedha making
Panipat Panipat Punja durries
Karnal – Zari Jutti
Ambala Barara, Akbarpur, Racheri Crochet, Embroidery, Punja Durries
Bhiwani Dinod, Biran, Halawas, Nandha Wooden beads, Mudha making
Chandigarh – Embroidery, Pot painting
Kurukshetra – Terracotta, Peedha making
Hisar Shanti Nagar Bigher Zari Jutti, Punja durries
Sirsa – Jewellery, Pot painting
Mahendragarh Narnaul, Talot Lac bangles, Wood craft
Yamunanagar Jagadhri Hand embroidery
Rohtak – Leather and wood work
Jind – Sanghi Craft
Kaithal – Sanghi Craft
Panchkula – Embroidery, Wood work
*Source haryanatourism. gov. in
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Mahabhasaya written by Patanjali 9. The Rang Mahal built in 1630 AD is
mentions about Sugh. It is located in.......... . situated in which of the following places?
(a) Jhajjhar (b) Gurugram (a) Rohtak
(c) Yamunanagar (d) Sirsa (b) Buriya (Yamunanagar)
2. Rohtak Fort has been mentioned in which of (c) Hansi
the following scriptures? (d) Hisar
(a) Divyavadana 10. Which of the following palaces was built in
(b) Majjhima Nikaya 1711 AD by Faujdar Khan?
(c) Kathakosh (a) Gujari Mahal (b) Jal Mahal
(d) Nakul Digvijay (c) Rang Mahal (d) Shish Mahal
3. Which of the following ancient forts have 11. The tomb of Razia Sultan is situated in
been mentioned in Nakul Digvijay, in which of the following districts?
Haryana? (a) Hisar (b) Jhajjhar
(a) Sirsa Fort (b) Mahem Fort (c) Kaithal (d) Sirsa
(c) Hansi Fort (d) Both (a) and (b) 12. The Asigarh Fort is located in which of the
4. Which of the following ancient forts is built following districts of Haryana?
by Harshavardhana? (a) Kaithal (b) Jhajjhar
(a) Sirsa Fort (b) Mahem Fort (c) Bhiwani (d) Hansi
(c) Hansi Fort (d) Rohtak Fort 13. Which of the following fort is built by
5. Which of the following stupa was Balban?
constructed by Ashoka in Yamunanagar? (a) Tosham Fort (b) Gopalgiri Fort
(a) Shahpur Stupa (b) Chaneti Stupa (c) Hansi Fort (d) Hisar Fort
(c) Dharmarajika Stupa (d) None of these 14. The Kanod Fort, situated in Mahendragarh
6. The city of Hisar was founded by which of district, was built by ............ .
the following rulers? (a) Akbar
(a) Muhammad bin Tughlaq (b) Prithviraj Chauhan
(c) Feroz Shah Tughlaq
(b) Feroz Shah Tughlaq
(d) Maratha rulers
(c) Akbar
(d) Muhammad Ghori 15. The temples in Haryana have been built in
which of the following styles?
7. The Gujri Mahal was built by Feroz Shah (a) Vesara Style
Tughlaq at which of the following places? (b) Dravidian Style
(a) Sirsa (b) Hisar (c) Nagara Style
(c) Farrukhnagar (d) Gurugram (d) None of the above
8. The Jal Mahal was constructed by Shal Quli 16. According to a rock inscription found in
Khan, a Mughal Governor during the reign Sirsa, Shiva temple has been constructed in
of which of these Mughal kings? 8th century AD during the reign of ........... .
(a) Shah Jahan (b) Bahadur Shah (a) Suraj Mal (b) Agrasen
(c) Akbar (d) Akbar II (c) Pushp Dutt (d) None of these
352 Know Your State Haryana

17. The famous mosque, Lat Ki Masjid, located 26. The Yakshas and Yakshinis discovered in
in Hisar was built by which of the following Haryana during archaeological excavations
rulers? are made up of .......... .
(a) Shah Shuja (a) grey sandstone (b) red sandstone
(b) Babur (c) marble (d) None of these
(c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq 27. The ancient sculptures found from the
(d) Feroz Shah Tughlaq excavation sites of Shunga and Kushana
18. The building of Chahar Qutub in Hansi period belong to which of these schools of
district includes which of the following Art?
monuments? (a) Mathura school of art
(a) Tomb of Jalal-ud-din (b) Pahari school of art
(b) Tomb of Bahar-ud-din (c) Greek school of art
(c) Tomb of Qutub-ud-din (d) None of the above
(d) All of the above
28. Statues of Buddha have been found at
19. The tomb of Sheikh Chilli has been built which of the following places in Haryana?
by which of the following kings in (a) Gurugram (b) Jhaswa
Thanesar? (c) Mohanbadi (d) All of these
(a) Aurangzeb (b) Prithviraj Chauhan
(c) Akbar (d) Dara Shukoh 29. Which of the following sculptures belong to
Gupta period?
20. Meham Chaubisi ka Chabutra has been (a) Buddha statue at Thanesar
built at which of the following places in (b) Statue of Shiva from Bhiwani
Haryana?
(c) Statue of Vishnu from Rohtak
(a) Rohtak (b) Bahadurgarh
(d) All of the above
(c) Gurugram (d) Narnaul
30. The famous statue of Balram has been
21. Fort of Nahar Singh is situated at which of
found at which of the following places?
the following places?
(a) Gurugram (b) Rohtak
(a) Narnaul (b) Ballabhgarh
(c) Panchkula (d) Sonipat
(c) Bhiwani (d) Kaithal
31. The Harsha style of painting developed
22. Which of the following city was the first in
during which of the following periods?
Haryana to be built by modern
(a) 6th Century (b) 10th Century
architecture?
(c) 7th Century (d) 16th Century
(a) Chandigarh (b) Karnal
(c) Narnaul (d) Rohtak 32. Under the rule of which of the following
23. The Birla temple, situated in Kurukshetra rulers did the painting art declined in
was built by .......... . Haryana?
(a) Le Cobursier (b) Jugal Kishore Birla (a) Mughals (b) Tughlaqs
(c) Kirori Mal (d) Ratan Tata (c) Delhi Sultans (d) Rajputs

24. The Gauri Shankar Temple is a modern 33. Paintings of Rewari flourished during the
temple constructed after Independence at 18th century in Haryana. These paintings
which of the following places? depict which of the following?
(a) Rohtak (b) Jind (a) Mughal Palaces (b) Rajput Customs
(c) Hisar (d) Bhiwani (c) Lord Krishna’s life (d) None of these

25. Aurangzeb constructed which of the 34. In the villages of Haryana the walls of the
following mosques in the late 18th century houses are decorated with the images of
in Gurugram? Goddess Sanjhi for ........... . [HSSC 2017]
(a) Anjuman Masjid (a) The health of the senior citizens
(b) Aliwardi Masjid (b) Welfare of the girl child
(c) Jama Masjid (c) The good crop of farmers
(d) Chauma Masjid (d) The improvement of the players
Architecture, Art and Crafts in Haryana 353

35. Phulkari refers to ........... . 46. Metal work is mainly done in which of the
(a) big gardens in Haryana villages following districts of Haryana?
(b) art of pottery (a) Gurugram (b) Rewari
(c) flower designing on buildings (c) Jhajjar (d) Both (a) and (b)
(d) art of making shawl 47. Which districts of Haryana are famous for
36. Which kind of art is very famous in Haryana? jewellery making?
[HSSC 2020] (a) Gurugram (b) Sirsa
(a) Lehariya (b) Gota (c) Hisar (d) Both (a) and (b)
(c) Phulkari (d) Kadhai 48. Which district is famous for lac bangles?
37. Which among the following is an art of (a) Panipat (b) Bhiwani
making shawl? (c) Mahendragarh (d) Karnal
(a) Durries (b) Robing 49. Which district is famous for ‘Surahi’, a
(c) Bagh (d) All of these slim-necked pitcher in Haryana?
38. Which of the following handlooms uses the (a) Jhajjar (b) Rewari
geometrical designs? (c) Gurugram (d) Fatehabad
(a) Chope (b) Bagh 50. Terracotta items are produce in which of
(c) Durries (d) Lungis the following districts of Haryana?
39. Which colour is mostly used to prepare Bagh (a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram
shawl in Haryana? (c) Jhajjar (d) All of these
(a) Red (b) Orange (c) Green (d) Black 51. ‘Pidi’ refers to ........... .
40. Which of the following handlooms is gifted to (a) Sarkanda (b) Bamboo craft
new bride by groom’s grandmother? (c) Footstool craft (d) Basket making
(a) Phulkari (b) Robe 52. Important centres of wood work in
(c) Bagh (d) Chope Haryana are ........... .
41. Jat community of Haryana is popular for the (a) Mahendragarh (b) Bhiwani
manufacturing of ......... . (c) Panchkula (d) All of these
(a) phulkari shawl (b) chope 53. Consider the following statements
(c) bagh (d) durries regarding Haryana’s ancient forts.
42. Which districts of Haryana is known as the I. The architectural remains of Karna’s
‘hub of making durries’ in Haryana? fort are located in Kurukshetra district.
II. Hansi fort is built on the remains of 7th
[Patwari 2016]
century which are of Harshavardhan’s
(a) Gurugram (b) Panipat
period.
(c) Bhiwani (d) Hisar
III. The forts in Haryana have been built on
43. Which city of Haryana is known as ‘‘City of raised platform.
Weavers’’? [HSSC 2020] Which of the above is/are correct?
(a) Rewari (b) Rohtak (a) I and II (b) II and III
(c) Hisar (d) Panipat (c) I and III (d) I, II and III
44. Which among the following districts of 54. Which of the following is true regarding
Haryana is famous for lungis? fort in Hansi?
(a) Hisar (b) Kaithal I. It was constructed by Prithviraj
(c) Rohtak (d) Karnal Chauhan.
II. This fort is also known as fort of Talwar.
45. Which districts of Haryana is well known for
Codes
leather work? [HSSC 2016]
(a) Only I
(a) Rohtak
(b) Both I and II
(b) Jhajjar
(c) Only II
(c) Faridabad
(d) None of the above
(d) Kurukshetra
354 Know Your State Haryana

55. Consider the following statements. 59. Consider the following statements.
I. Sheikh Chilli’s tomb was built in 1650 on I. Dolls of Haryana reflect the rural image of
a raised plinth. the state.
II. It was built by Dara Shukoh. II. The height of these dolls ranges from 6
III. This tomb is popularly known as Taj inches to 32 inches.
Mahal of Haryana. Which of the statement given above is/above
Which of the above is/are correct? correct?
(a) I and II (b) II and III (a) Only I (b) Only II
(c) I and III (d) I, II and III (c) Both I and II (d) None of these
56. Which of the following is/are a building 60. Match the following correctly.
constructed during the modern period? List I List II
I. Open Hand Monument (Built by) (Architecture)
II. St. Paul Church
A. Firuz Shah Tughlaq 1. Shish Mahal
III. Jama Masjid
IV. Birla Mandir B. Faujdar Khan 2. Rang Mahal
(a) I and II (b) I, II, III and IV C. Shah Quli Khan 3. Jal Mahal
(c) I, II and IV (d) I, III and IV
D. Shah Jahan 4. Gujari Mahal
57. Consider the following statement.
I. Bagh is an art of making shawl in Codes
Haryana. A B C D A B C D
II. This shawl style is little bit similar to (a) 2 1 3 4 (b) 1 2 3 4
Kashmiri shawl. (c) 2 4 3 1 (d) 1 3 2 4
Which of the statements given above is/are 61. Match the following correctly.
correct?
(a) Only I (b) Only II List I List II
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II (Monument) (Located at)

58. Consider the following statements. A. Rang Mahal 1. Farrukhnagar

I. Chope is a combination of two different B. Shish Mahal 2. Kaithal
crafts, bagh and durries.
II. The religious shawl which is called as C. Jal Mahal 3. Buriya
darshan dwar is usually gifted by the D. Tomb of Razia Sultan 4. Narnaul
devotees to the temple.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are Codes
correct? A B C D A B C D
(a) Only I (b) Only II (a) 3 2 1 4 (b) 3 1 4 2
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II (c) 1 2 3 4 (d) 1 3 4 2

Answers
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (c) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (b)
31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (d)
41. (d) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (d) 47. (d) 48. (c) 49. (a) 50. (d)
51. (c) 52. (d) 53. (d) 54. (b) 55. (d) 56. (c) 57. (a) 58. (b) 59. (c) 60. (c)
61. (b)
CHAPTER 23
Music and Dance of
Haryana
Haryana has vivid culture. The folk music, folk
instruments and folk dance of Haryana enrich
the culture of this state.
Haryana also plays an important role in Indian
culture and civilisation, from where the entire
country has been given knowledge of the Indian
philosophy and spirituality.
The Evolution of Music in
Haryana
Haryana has been a popular centre of music and
dance forms since ancient times. Due to lack of
historical evidence, information of music during
the ancient period in Haryana is not available.
The first evidence of music of Haryana have
been obtained from Vedic period. The music in
Haryana has further developed during the post
Vedic period, medieval period and the post
Mughal period.
Music in Vedic Period
l Evidence of music in Haryana has emerged
from the Vedic period. Music mainly emerged
under the patronage of sages and wise monks
during the Vedic period.
l Vedic music developed in the monasteries and
spiritual hermitages (ashrams) of these monks
and sages.
Three types of music evolved during the Vedic
period from the spiritual hermitages of the
saints :
1. The hymns of Rigveda, which were
addressed to the Vedic gods such as Indra,
Agni, Soma etc. These hymns were sung in
three tones Uddatta (high tone), Anudatta
(low tone), Svarita (middle tone).
2. Songs of Samveda, which were sung in
seven notes. It was also known as Marga
sangeet.
3. Gandharva and indigeneous music were
other forms of music during the Vedic
period.
Music in Post-Vedic Period
l Professional musicians emerged during post-
Vedic period which includes flute players,
drummers, veena players, etc. Classical music
was very popular during the post-vedic
period.
l By 2nd century AD, the musicians of
Haryana had attained a good reputation
and they were widely recognised during
this period for their music.
l A sculpture had been found at a place called
Sugh in Ambala, which depicts various singers
and musicians travelling on a bullock cart.
356
l Folk musicians of Rohtak were also famous in
Ujjain.
l A brick was found from a place called Agroha
in 9th century, AD, which mentions ‘Sa Re Ga
Ma Pa Dha Ni on it. This indicates a strong
connection with music during that period.
Music in Medievel Period
l Among the musicians of medieval period, the
name of Mahatma Surdas of Sihi village is
most prominent. Saint Surdas was born in
1478 AD.
l He was a contemporary of Mughal emperor
Akbar and a disciple of Haridas and
Vallabhacharya.
l He first received music education from
Haridas and later Vallabhacharya.
l The tradition of Northern music developed in
the medieval period. Music forms such as
dhrupad, khayal, thumri, tarana etc, developed
in this period in Haryana and in North India.
l Haddu Khan was a famous khayal singer of
Gwalior Gharana.
Music in Post-Mughal Period
l In the post-Mughal period Ustad Kallan Khan
was a famous khayal singer. He was the
resident of Rewari in Haryana and was the
disciple of Haddu Khan.
l Hafiz Khan, the son of Kallan Khan was also a
famous khayal singer. He performed in the
Royal Court of Mysore and Indore.
Folk Music in Haryana
Haryana is popular for its folk music. The ragas
of music in Haryana have been named after the
names of villages, e.g. Sarangpur in
Charkhi-Dadri, Brindabana, Todi, Asaveri,
Malakoshna, Hindola, Nandyam, etc are the
names of the ragas of music in Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
l The folk music of Haryana can be classified
into two types :
1. Classical Form of Music These include
songs whose subjects are mostly
mythological, e.g. Brahmas, Jaimal Fatta,
etc fall under the classical form of music.
2. Countryside Form of Music This music is
based on different ragas. It includes
ceremonial songs, ballads, mythological
songs like Puran Bhagat (Raga Maand), etc.
This music is based on Hindustani ragas
like Raga Bhairvi, Kafi, Jaijaivanti,
Jhinjhoti and Pahadi. Raga Pilu is used by
Ahirs in some of their songs, in which a
scale of twelve semi-tones is used.
Popular Folk Songs of Haryana
lAccording to Banabhatta, folk songs were sung
on the wedding of Harsha’s sister, Rajshree in
Haryana.
lWeddings, births, festivals and harvest period
are the auspicious occassions when folk songs
are usually sung mainly in the rural parts of
Haryana.
lThe folk songs sung in the state are based on
the seasons and rituals.
Folk Songs in Modern Period
Some famous folk songs of Haryana in the
modern period are :
l Wedding Songs These songs are sung on the
occasion of wedding ceremony. These songs
are auspicious in nature and are relate to the
close relatives such as Devar-Bhabhi, Jija-Sali,
Nanad-Bhabhi, Saas-Bahu, Devrani-Jethani,
Samdhi-Samdhan, etc.
On the occasion of a boy’s marriage,
Banda-Bandi and Ghodi songs are sung, while
on the occasion of a girl’s marriage Suhaag
songs are sung.
Music and Dance of Haryana
An example of a wedding songs is as follows :
Babul Desh Aayio Pardesh Jaayio,
Gori Ka Var Tu Dhoondiyo
yeeyegue osMe DeeF&Ùees hejosme peeF&Ùees,
ieesjer keâe Jej let {tBef{ÙeeW~
l Seethne These songs are sung on the occasion
of a wedding in happiness and joy. These are
also called Gali songs.
l Jakdi These songs are sung after singing folk
songs on every occasion.
l Birthday Songs These songs are sung on the
occasion of birth ceremony of a male child.
These songs include various forms such as
‘Sohar’, ‘Jachcha’ (Maternal), ‘Pilia’, ‘Badhai’
(Greetings) and ‘Ashish’ songs. Blessings are
given through these songs for the good future
of the child.
An example of a song sung at the time of a
child’s birth is a follows :
Pilla odh Hamari Jachcha
Mundhala Baithee Geet
heeruee DeesÌ{ nceejer peÛÛee
cegb{uee yew"er ieerle~
l Sohar Sohar is sung on the auspicious
occasion of the birth of child. Some sohar
songs are known as Mangla Char.
l Pilia Yellow colours (Pila rang) is considered
as fortunate and is known to bring luck in
one’s life, thus these songs are sung on the
birth ceremonies.
l Holi Songs These songs are sung in the
month of February/March, which is the
month of Phagun according to traditional
Hindu calendar. These songs are humorous
and full of fun.
l Sawan Songs The songs of happiness sung in
the month of Sawan (July/August) are known
as sawan songs.
These songs include Badal, Varsha, Jhule,
Khet, Teej, Kothali, Sindhara, etc.
l Religious Songs These songs are sung during
ceremonies and in the month of Kartik
357
(October-November). On these occasions songs
related to the Hindu Goddessses, Devuthani
songs, Katak Nahane songs, Sanjhi songs,
Haryanvi local bhajans, etc are mainly sung.
l Panghat Songs These songs are mainly sung by
women. These songs usually depict the
Shringar Rasa which means love or attraction
and beauty.
l Other songs Other common and popular songs
of Haryana include songs of love and quarrel
and songs related to seasons agriculture,
soldiers, way of life.
Musicians and Singers of Haryana
Some famous musicians and singers are as follows :
Zohrabai Ambalewali
lShe was born in 1918 in Ambala district of
Haryana. She was a Ghazal singer in Hindi
cinema in the 1930s and 1940s.
lShe trained under Ghulam Hussain Khan and
Ustad Nasir Hussain Khan of Agra Gharana.
lShe started her career at the age of 13 years
with the All India Radio, singing classical and
semi-classical songs.
lShe made her debut in film industry by the
film ‘Daku ki Ladki’ in 1933. She had sung
around 1200 songs in the middle of the year
1941-50. She retired in the 1950s from the film
industry. She died in the year 1990.
Baje Bhagat
lHe was born on 16th July, 1898 in Sisna village
of Sonipat district.
lHe was a great poet, ragini writer and saang artist
of Haryana. His childhood name was Bajeram.
lHe has a remarkable contribution in classical
music. He had been given the title as Swara
Samrat.
lSome of the popular writings of Baje Bhagat
include Satyavadi Harishchandra,
Nal-Damyanti, Jani Chor, Puranmal,
Gopichand, Sarovar-Neer, etc.
lHe died on 26th February, 1939.
358
Pandit Jasraj
l He was born on 28th January, 1930 in Pili
Mandori village of Hisar district. This village is
now located in Fatehabad district. He was born
in a middle class Brahmin family of Pt Motiram
(a classical singer) and Krishna Bai.
▲ PANDIT JASRAJ
l He spent his early life in Hyderabad, but he got
singing education from Thakur Saheb of
Mewati Gharana.
l He was also a tabla player. He created a new
form of Jugalbandi known as Jasrangi.
l In 1987, he was awarded the Sangeet Natak
Akademi Award.
l He was also awarded with Padma Bhushan in
1990 and Padma Vibhushan in 2000 for his
immense contribution to classical music.
l He was also honoured with the title of ‘Swara
Samrat’. Haryana Government also honoured
him with Swami Haridas Sangeet Ratna and
Sangeet Martandeya Award.
l He died on 17th August, 2020 in New Jersey,
USA.
Folk Musical Instruments
Musical instruments were popular in Haryana
since Vedic period. The folk musical instruments
in Haryana were broadly divided into three
categories :
(i) Dhol, daph, damru, dundubi, etc.
(ii) Veena (iii) Flute, algoza, etc.
Know Your State Haryana
An instrument is made or used to produce the
sound of music. Four types of folk musical
instruments are popular in the state.
These include :
1. String Instruments
2. Wind Instruments
3. Membrane Instruments
4. Percussion Instruments
1. String Instruments
Instruments which are played with the help of
vibrations created by string pulls are known as
string instruments. These instruments are :
Sarangi
l This instrument is made from red cedar
wood. Sarangi’s ancient name is Sarinda. In
some Sarangis, the strings are made of goat’s
intestine. Sarangi bow (Gaj) is used to play
Sarangi.
l This instrument has four pegs and four
strings are attached to these pegs.
l Gaj is made by tying horse hair on a piece of
command.
l When Gaj is rubbed on the strings, sweet
sound is produced.
l The Sarangi is very common in Haryanvi
culture and forms an important part of
Haryanvi folk music and dance. It has been
made popular by Jogis.
l Maman Khan was the most popular Sarangi
player who belonged to Panipat Gharana.
▲ ARTIST PLAYING SARANGI
Music and Dance of Haryana
Tumba
l Tumba, also known as Tumbi is a single
string high pitched instrument associated
with folk music of Haryana. This instrument
is made from a wooden stick mounted with a
gourd shell resonator.
l A single string made of intestine of animal is
tied from one end to the other end.
l For playing tumba, the player hold the
instrument under its armpit, pull the string
of the instrument with one hand and strike
with a piece of with other hand.
l Some famous Tumbi players are Lal Chand
Yamla Jatt, Kuldeep Manak, Amar Singh
Chamkila, Didar Sandhu, Sarbajit
Cheema, etc.
Iktara
l This instrument is made by attaching a piece
of bamboo with tumbi.
l There is a string on this piece of bamboo, due
to which it is called iktara.
l This instrument is commonly used in
Bhajan-Kirtan.
l This instrument is hold in one hand and is
played with the finger of the same hand by
which it is held.
l In ancient times, it was used by Bhat and
Charan communities.
s IKTARA
Dotara
This instrument is similar to iktara but instead
of one string, it has two strings attached to it.
359
Bulbul Tarang (Indian Banjo)
lThis instrument has vocals on the left side like
harmonium.
lThere are thin strings below the vocals, which
produced sound by playing with the right hand
or a piece of plastic or blade.
lIn modern times, banjo has been transformed
into ‘electric banjo’.
Sitar
l This instrument is a combination of veena and
Iranian tambura. Sitar was invented by Amir
Khusrau. It is a popular musical instrument.
l This instrument is used in classical as well as
modern music.
Veena
l This is a popular classical music instrument. It is
mentioned in Rigveda, Samaveda and other
Vedic literature.
l This is the most ancient musical instrument
used to produce sound in Indian music.
l This instrument is made from Jackwood and has
a large body with a thick and wide neck. It has a
24 metal frets and sound is produced by four
metal strings that are attached on the frets.
Harmonium
lThis instrument is highly prevalent in Indian
classical music. It is also known as ‘Peti Baja’.
lThis instrument has several keys that are pressed
to produce sound.
Wind Instruments
These are played by blowing air through the
instrument. These instruments are :
Flute (Bansuri)
l It is a very popular musical instrument. It is made
up of bamboo due to which it is known as
bansuri. It is used in Hindustani classical music.
l Bansuri is made up of a single hollow shaft of
bamboo with seven finger holes.
360
l The holes are used to produce different tones.
The first hole is for blowing air into the
instrument.
l Bansuri is also known as vanshi, vanshika,
venu, murli etc. It is also related to Lord
Krishna.
Shankh
l It is the ancient wind instrument in India. It
is found in the oceans.
l To make a wind instrument, a hole is drilled
at the tip of the apex of Shankh. It is used in
temples, pilgrimages, etc.
l According to Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Shank
is also a form of God like Sun and Moon.
Varuna resides in its middle part, Brahma
resides in its back side and Ganga and
Saraswati resides in its front side.
Shehnai
l It is played in wedding ceremonies.
l It is a hollow tube with one end wider and the
other end thinner.
l Ustad Bismillah Khan is known to popularise
shehnai. It is traditionally not a folk
instrument of Haryana.
Alghoza
It holds a special place in Haryanvi folk music.
It is usually like a flute, made of wood or
bamboo. It is used while grazing cattle by
shepherds.
▲ ARTIST PLAYING ALGHOZA
Know Your State Haryana
Been
lIt is made from a dry hollowed gourd with two
bamboo attachments. It is a double-reed
instrument. Its upper part is long and lower
part is round.
lIt is also known as Pungi and is mostly played
by snake charmers.
lIn its lower part, two tubes with holes are
attached. Air is blown from one tube and
sound is produced from the other tube.
lOne pipe makes drone-like sounds and the
other produces melody. Traditionally, both
sounds are played simultaneously using circular
breathing to create a hypnotic effect using.
Membrane Based Instruments
These instruments uses stretched membranes to
vibrate and produce sounds. These instruments
are :
Dholak
lIt is an important musical instrument in
Haryanvi folk music. It is used in almost all the
household ceremonies of the family, e.g.
kirtans, wedding ceremonies, etc.
lIt is made of mango, sheesham and teak wood.
Both the ends of this instrument are covered
with animal hide.
lWooden sticks or hands are used for playing
this instrument. It is also used in Punjab folk
dance Bhangra.
Nagada
lIt is a type of drum, which is circular. It can be
considered as a large form of tabla. It is placed
on ground and then played.
lIt is made up of hide of buffalo or goat. It is
divided into small nagada and large nagada.
There is also a nagadi with small nagada which
is known as ‘Jhil’. Jhil is always kept on the left
side on nagada.
lThe wooden stick used to play nagada is
known as ‘Chob’. It is used in Haryanvi folk
dance, Manjira. It is played along with shehnai.
Music and Dance of Haryana
Daph
l It is used during daph and dhamal dance. It is
a popular instrument in Mahendragarh district.
l It is made of an open circular frame with a
side covered with skin. It can be played either
by hands or with sticks.
Tasha
l It is a popular folk instrument which is made
up of backed clay, copper or iron. Its top is
made up of hide of goat.
l It is an instrument of Mughal period. It is
played by sticks. A lace is attached to it so that
it can be worn around the neck.
l It is often used on the occasion of marriage.
Khanjari
l Traditionally, it is a musical instrument of
jogis.
l It is made up of a circular brass and wooden
frame and is covered with hide of goat. In
modern days, synthetic skins are also used.
The other side is kept open.
l This instrument is round in shape and beels
and thin pieces of metal hang around this
instrument which are used to make twinkling
sound.
l It is held in one hand and played with the
palm and fingers of the other hand.
▲ KHANJARI
361
Damru
l It is an ancient instrument which is associated
with Lord Shiva.
l It is made up of wood and metal with leather
drum heads at both the ends. Two short ropes
are attached in the middle of damru. The shape
of the damru is such that two wooden conical
pieces joined together from the side of tip.
l Beads are attached at the ends of leather cords.
These are used to strike the heads on both
sides to make melodious sound. It is used in
Goga dance.
Deru
lThe shape as deru is like damru, but it is a
large form of damru.
lIt is made up of mango wood. Both of its ends
are mounted with thin leather.
lA rope is tied in the middle of deru which is
used to adjust the leather.
lIt is played by thin and bended wooden stick.
It is used in worshipping Goga Ji by the
Dhanak community.
Dafli
lIt is a smaller version of daph. Its shape is like
a plate.
lOne side of its circular frame is covered with
leather. In the middle of the frame, bells are
threaded. Dafli is mostly used by snake
charmers.
Ghadwa
lIt is a traditional instrument of Haryana.
lIt is a strong earthen pot. A rubber piece is
tightened on the mouth of the instrument.
lOne hand is used to beat the rubber at the
mouth while the wrist and palm of the other
hand is used to beat the pot.
l It was made by Kavi Shree Pandit Jagannath
Bhardwaj.
362
4. Percussion Instruments
These instruments are made up of metal and are
played by striking against each other or by a
beater. It is classified as :
Jhanjh (Cymbal)
l A round piece of metal with a diameter of 8 to
16 finger length is known as Jhanjh.
l It consists of a thin, rounded plates made up of
various alloys such as tin and copper.
l A hole is drilled at the centre of the cymbal
which is used for tying straps so that it can be
held in the hands for playing.
l In some regions, it is also known as khartal.
Manjira
lManjira is a smaller version of Jhanjh but the
middle part of a Manjira is more deep as
compared to a Jhanjh. It made up of a
combination of copper, brass and zinc.
l It has two small cup like structures. They are
tied with each other through a chord.
l It is used during bhajans and kirtans along
with dholak and harmonium.
l It is used by the Jogis of Haryana during their
prayers and worship.
Jhalar
l It is a type of music instrument which is
formed by a single metal plate. It is beaten
with the help of a wooden stick.
l It is mainly used during worship and prayers in
the temples.
Ghunghru
These are musical anklet which are worn by
dancers to give force and effect to the dance.
Chimta (Tongs)
lIt is a musical instrument that looks similar to
a kitchen tong but it is much bigger in size.
Know Your State Haryana
l It consists of a long, flat piece of steel or iron
which is pointed at both ends and joint at the
other end.
l Small bells or ghunghru are attached to it to
play melodious sounds.
Khartal
It is made up of mango wood. To produce the
tinkling sounds, metallic rings are attached to
khartal.
Bells
These are played in temples during religious
occasions at the time of worship and kirtans.
Folk Dance in Haryana
There is a systematic tradition of folk dances in
the state of Haryana. Folk dances are organised
at every festival, rituals, ceremonies and
celebrations.
Folk dances of Haryana are classified into three
types :
1. Dances performed by men.
2. Dances performed by women.
3. Combined dances.
1. Dances Performed by Men
The main dances performed by men in Haryana
include Gugga dance, Dhamal dance, Daph,
dance, Damru dance, Chaupaiyan dance,
Saang, etc.
Gugga Dance
lIt is a ritualistic dance performed taken out
in the memory of Gugga pir on Gugga
Navami.
lIt is performed by both Hindus and Muslims.
lThe worshippers and followers of Gugga wear
yellow coloured dresses and the dance is
performed in a procession.
Music and Dance of Haryana
l A week before Gugga Navami, the devotees
take out the procession carrying a long and
strong bamboo stick known as Gugga Ki
Charri.
l The Charri is decorated with garlands,
flowers, peacock feathers, coloured
clothes, etc.
l The devotees sing songs in praises of Gugga
Pir and dance on the beats of Sarangi and
Deru.
l Gugga dance is very simple but has spiritual
rhythm. The feet of dancers move according
to the rhythm on their songs.
l During the dance, the devotees beat their
bodies with iron chains. It is believed that by
doing so they do not get hurt because the
soul of Gugga dwells in their body.
l It is considered as a religious dance form. It is
also known as Gugga Rahim Pir, Bagad Wale
and Charri dance.
Chaupaiyan Dance
lIt is performed by the men of Haryana and it
symbolises the religious tradition of the state.
▲ DHAMAL DANCE
363
lIt is very popular in Banchori village of Hodal
tehsil of Palwal district.
Saang Dance
lIt is a combination of music, dance and drama
performance.
lRaginis are also presented in this dance.
lIt is a heroic dance of men.
Dhamal Dance
lThis dance form is in practice from the days of
great Hindu epic war of Mahabharata. It is
mostly popular in Mahendragarh and Jhajjar
districts.
lThis is performed on the moonlit nights
of phalgun. Presently, this dance is performed
when the crops are ready for harvesting.
lIt is believed that his dance was used to
motivate soldiers during war by the kings.
lMusical instruments such as daph, tumbi,
khanjari, sarangi, been, dholak, bansuri are also
used.
lIt is a symbol of the bravery, pride and honour
of the people of Haryana.
364
Daph Dance
lThis is a seasonal dance form, which is
performed by farmers.
lIn this dance form, farmers express their
feelings because they have got good harvest
and spring season is going to start.
lIt is performed by the dancers by forming a
circle.
lIn this dance, the dancers keep the daphs on
their shoulders and beat them with their right
hands.
Damru Dance
lIt is a popular dance form performed by men.
It is mainly performed on the night of Shivratri.
lIn this dance, the men play damru with their
hands while dancing.
Dances Performed by Women
The main dance forms practised by women in
Haryana include ghoomar, jhoomar, loor, teej,
khoria, chathi, ghodi, etc.
▲ JHUMAR DANCE
Know Your State Haryana
Ghoomar Dance
lIt is a popular dance form among the women
of Southern part of Haryana.
lIt is exclusively performed on the occasions of
Diwali, Holi and Gangor Puja. It is performed
in circular movements by the performers.
lThe dancers first make one circle and then start
moving while singing and clapping.
lThe circle formed by the dress (Lehenga) in
this dance is known as Ghoom. It is also
considered to be the origin of the name Ghoomar
Jhumar Dance
l The name of this dance form is similar with the
ornament called jhumar, which married women
wear to decorate their forehead. In this dance,
women dance by forming a shape like jhumar.
l This dance form is also known as Haryanvi
Gidda. Performers wear very colourful attires
to perform this Jhumar dance form.
l It is performed on the beats of dholak and plates.
l In this dance, women wear daman, kurta, odhani
and other traditional clothes and ornaments
.
Music and Dance of Haryana
Loor Dance
lIt is generally performed by the young girls
in the month of Phalgun (February-March).
lThis dance is performed by the girls of
Bangar area in Haryana before two weeks of
Holi. In this region, ‘Loor’ means a girl, due
to which the dance has been named as Loor
dance.
lThis dance form is a signal, which is signifies
that spring season is coming and rabi crops
are ready to be sown by the farmers.
lThe song which is used in this dance, is
very much interesting in which questions
and answers are asked by the singers.
lDuring this dance, girls wear their
traditional dress, e.g. ghaghara, kurti,
chanda and chunri.
lThe dance is also known as ‘Tunmuniya’.
The girls stand in two groups facing each
other in a semi-circle. One group of women
play the role of men.
lThese two groups/sides taunt each other
joyfully either about the birth of a daughter
or about the unsuitability of marriage ties
between two sides. It is performed in an
open place and in the moon light.
Teej Dance
lIt is performed on the occasion of teej in
the month of monsoon (Sawan).
lWomen wear beautiful dresses in this dance
such as ghaghara, odhani and kurti along
with traditional ornaments.
lWomen sing songs and dance to celebrate
teej. On this day in Haryana, sweets are
made by jaggery.
Khoria Dance
lIt is a popular dance form in the central
region of Haryana. It is performed on the
occasion of marriage by the women in
bridegroom’s family.
365
l It is performed at Bridegroom’s house till the
time the bride arrives at the house after the
marriage.
l Bokda is spoken before Khoria dance which is
relate to humorous act between sister-in-laws.
Ghodi Dance
lIt is mainly performed on marriage ceremony.
lIn this dance, mask of horse made of colourful
papers and cardboard is used.
Chathi Dance
lIt is performed at the sixth day of the birth of
child during the night.
lDuring this dance ceremony, boiled grains and
salted peas are distributed. These are known as
‘Bakli’.
Dances of Men and women
These dances are performed by both the men and
women. These include Been-Bansuri, Holi, Phag,
Manjira, Ratwai, Gangor dance, etc.
Been-Bansuri Dance
lIt is mainly performed in the Bangar region of
Haryana.
lIt is performed on the tunes of been, bansuri and
ghadwa.
Phag Dance
lIt is generally performed in the lunar month of
Phalgun, to celebrate the festival of Holi.
lThe women wear traditional clothes whereas the
men wear colourful turbans on their heads.
lIn this dance the men and women dance together
on the beats of daph, manjira, etc.
Raas Dance
lIt is the tradition dance of Brij region of Uttar
Pradesh, but it has culturally spread to the
Palwal, Hodal, Faridabad, Gurugram and
Ballabgarh regions of Haryana.
lIt is associated with the Raaslila of Lord Krishna.
lIn this dance, the Gopis dance around Lord
Krishna by forming a circle.
366
l Raas dance is mainly practised in two forms:
(i) Tandav Dance It is performed by males.
(ii) Lasya Dance It is performed by females.
l In this dance, instruments such as jhanjh,
thali, dholak etc are used.
Ratwai Dance
l It is a dance form that is popular in Mewat
region of Haryana.
l It is performed primarily during the rainy
season.
l It is also very popular in Gurugram and
Firozpur-Jhirka town of Nuh district.
Manjira Dance
l It is very popular in Mewat region of
Haryana.
l Musical instruments like nagada, daph and
manjira are used in this dance.
Gangor Dance
l It is mainly performed on the occasion of
Gangor festival in Hisar, Bhiwani and Sirsa
regions of Haryana.
l It is dedicated to Lord Shiva and Goddess
Parvati. It is also popular in Fatehabad.
Swang : Folk Theatre of
Haryana
l Swang or Saang is a popular folk theatre of
Haryana. The first description of Haryana’s
theatre is found in Ladwa town of
Kurukshetra in the book-Saang Raja Ratan
Sen Ka.
l According to famous writer, Dr. Shankar Lal
Yadav, Swang’s religious version was adopted
by Vaishnavite saints in the 16th century.
l Vallabhacharya started the tradition of song
drama by promoting Krishna act as Raslila.
Know Your State Haryana
l In 16th century Raslila and Ramlila started in
Haryana. Later, Syed Agha Hasan Amanat
composed ‘Inder Sabha in this tradition.
l The origin of Saang and music can also be
found in Harivansha Purana. The swang
tradition began in Haryana in 1730 AD.
Stage of Swang
l In swang theatre, themes of morality, folk tales,
lives of inspiring personalities, stories from
Indian Mythology, literacy, health and hygiene,
women’s empowerment are used. Several times,
Indian epics and Puranas are major source
materials for the characters.
l Bhairav raga, bhairvi raga, todi raga, kalyan
raga, bhupali raga, malkoshna raga, etc are used
during swang performances. Kaherwa taal,
dadra tin taal and rupak taal are also used.
Shringar rasa, shant rasa and veer rasa are also
visible in swang performances.
l Swang is mostly performed in an open place. It
is performed on a wooden platform which is
about 3m 2 .
l The performance begins with Gugga dance.
The dancers dance on the beats of dholak and
tunes sarangi. The plot of the swang is
performed with chaubola.
The swang theatre does not use loudspeakers.
l
l The play opens with a song devoted to the
Goddess Saraswati. Before an hour of the play,
musical instruments are played to create an
environment of joy. The play begins with a
Chaubola (a poem of four lines).
l Imitation or mimicry is an important part of
the play. The person who imitates is known as
Nakali.
l A number of musical instruments such as
iktara, khartal dholak, sarangi, harmonium
khanjari, chimta, deru, daph, etc are used to
perform swang.
Music and Dance of Haryana
l Nowadays swang performance has changed a
lot. Inrtead of using Iktara srang artists are
using Dholak, Sarangi, Nagade for their
performances.
l Though folk theatre has a strong base in
Harayana but with the emergence of modern
forms of entertainment, the popularity of
swang is declining.
l Artists such as Harish Kataria, Bhal Singh,
Raghu Malik, Arvind Swami, Devishankar
Prabhakar, Pradeep Hudda, Balak Ram, Pandit
Shankarlal, etc are still working hard to save
this declining theatre form.
▲ ARTISTS PERFORMING SWANG
Popular Swangis of Haryana
l In modern times, swang was made popular by
Kishanlal Bhaat of Meerut in 1730. He is
considered as the first Swangi. The popular
swangs performed by him include
Heer-Ranjha, Laila-Majnu, Nautanki, etc.
l Ahmad Baksh was another popular swang
artists. Ramayan was performed by him in
Kauravi dialect.
l Banshilal was a famous artists who is known
for swang performances like Raja Nal, Guru
Gugga, Raja Gopichand etc. The book ‘Two
legends of Punjab’ published in 1884 describes
his play ‘Raja Gopichand’.
l Another notable pioneer of swang theatre was
Ali Baksh or Ambaram of Rewari.
367
l In the swangs of Ali Baksh, a combination of
music and Brij language can be seen.
Ali Baksh stayed his swangs through the
medium of Chambola Jikdi, Bahar Ghazal
and Bhajan. He was the disciple of Saint
Garibdas. His famous plays include Raja Nal
ka Bagdav, Nal ka Chadav, Fisana, Padmavat,
Krishnalila, Nihaldev, Chandrawal,
Gulabkavli, etc.
l Shankar Lal was another popular swangi. His
famous works include Mordhwaj, Bhagat
Prahlad, Bhura Badal, Rani Padmini, etc.
l The swangs of Balak Ram also earned
appreciation among the people in Haryana.
He composed swangs on the stories of Puran
Bhagat and Raja Gopichand. His famous
works include Shilande, Kunjadi and
Ramayan.
l In the 19th century, Netaram was a famous
swangi. His play seela Sethani considered as
the first successful swang of Haryana.
l Besides these, other famous swangis include
Govardhan Saangi (Krishnalila), Jaswant
Singh (Mahabharat), Krishna Goswami
(Dilbar Bishna), Ahmad Baksh (Kanslila,
Jaimal Fatta Chandra Kiran, Gugga Chauhan,
Navalde, etc).
l During the 20th century, Pt Deepchand, a
resident of Khandwa village of Sonipat
district is credited with giving a new
dimension to this folk art.
l Sorath was the first swang created by Pt
Deepchand, Gyani Chor, Nal-Damyanti,
Sarande, Maharaja Harishchandra, Uttanpad,
Raja Bhoj etc were other popular swangs
created by him. He was given the title of Rai
Sahab by the British Government.
l Swangi Hardev was the successor of
Deepchand. He belonged to the Gorad village
of Rohtak. He started the use of simple
‘Kamiz’ instead of Angiya. His famous works
include Heer-Ranjha, Gyani Chor, Chandra
Kiran, etc.
368
l Pt Mangeram, a popular poet and theatre
artist is known for his works include
Dushyant, Shakuntala, Krishna Janma,
Navratan and Dhruv Bhakt, etc.
l Dhanpat Singh is another popular swangi of
Haryana. His famous works include
Puranmal, Gyani Chor, Bandevi, Leelo
Chaman etc.
l Ramkishan Vyas, a famous swang artist is
known for his works like Gopichand,
Hiramal Jamaal, Jaadukhori, Roopkala, etc.
l Baje Bhagat, the disciple of Hardev is known
for using historic and puranical stories in his
swangs. The popular works of Baje Bhagat
include Chandra Kiran, Jamal and Gyani
Chor.
Pandit Lakhmi Chand : Swang Samrat
lHe is the most celebrated swang artist in
Haryana. He is famous as Swang Samrat and
Surya Kavi in Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
l He was born in 1901, in Janti Kalan village of
Sonipat district, in the family of a farmer. He
considered Pt Maan Singh as his teacher.
l His important swangs include Raja Bhoj,
Chandra Kiran, Gyani Chor, Draupadi Cheer,
Heer-Ranjha, Nal-Damyanti, Satyavan-Savitri,
Kichak-Virat, Parab, Bhagat Puranmal,
Mirabai, Shakuntla, Lakadhara, Seth
Tarachand, Padmavat, Uttanpad, Harish-
chandra, etc.
l The son of Lakhmi Chand, Pt Tule Ram as well
as his disciple Mehar Singh were also popular
swang artists.
l Lakhmi Chand also gave Ragini a new form.
He is also known as the Shakespeare of
Haryana.
l Some of the contemporaries of Lakhmi Chand
were Ramanand Azad, Ram Singh Nai, Sultan,
Hoshiyar Singh, Ramkishan Vyas, Dhanpat
Singh, Chandan, Jamujha Mir, etc.
l He died in 1945 at the age of 44.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. The hymns of Rigveda were sung in which 9. Which of the following is a raga in Haryanvi
of the following tones? music?
(a) Uddatta (b) Anudatta (a) Malakoshna (b) Asaveri
(c) Svarita (d) All of these (c) Todi (d) All of these
2. The songs and music of which of the 10. The classical music form of Haryana
following Veda was known as Marga comprises of which of the following?
sangeet? (a) Brahmas (b) Puran Bhagat
(a) Rigveda (b) Samaveda (c) Bhairvi (d) Jaijaivanti
(c) Atharvaveda (d) None of these 11. Which of the following is a raga of
3. During which of the following periods countryside form of music in Haryana?
professional players of music emerged in (a) Jhinjhoti (b) Jaijaivanti
Haryana? (c) Pahadi (d) All of these
(a) Gupta period 12. According to the records of which of the
(b) Vedic period following, folk songs were sung on the
(c) Post-Vedic period wedding of Harsha’s sister Rajshree?
(d) Medieval period (a) Abul Fazl (b) Banabhatta
4. Excavation from which of the following site (c) Ashoka (d) Faxian
has revealed a sculpture depicting 13. Banda-Bandi and Ghodi songs are sung on
musicians travelling on bullock cart? which of the following occasions?
(a) Rohtak (b) Bahadurgarh (a) Birthdays (b) Wedding
(c) Ambala (d) Karnal (c) Holi (d) Teej
5. Saint Surdas was born in which of the 14. Sohar, Jachcha, Pilia, Badhai songs are a
following village? form of which of the following?
(a) Natwal (b) Rampur (a) Seethne
(c) Sihi (d) Khoi (b) Wedding songs
6. Which of the following is a famous khayal (c) Birthday songs
singer? (d) All of the above
(a) Kallan Khan (b) Haddu Khan 15. Which of the following songs is also known
(c) Hafiz Khan (d) All of these as Mangla Char?
7. Which of the following singers performed in (a) Seethne (b) Sohar
the Royal Court of Mysore and Indore? (c) Holi songs (d) Pilia
(a) Kallan Khan 16. Holi songs are sung in which of the
(b) Hafiz Khan following months?
(c) Haddu Khan (a) Sawan (b) Bhadrapad
(d) Surdas (c) Phagun (d) Baisakh
8. The ragas of music in Harayana are named 17. Religious songs are sung during which of
on the basis of the following months?
(a) towns (b) districts (a) Kartik (b) Phagun
(c) villages (d) blocks (c) Magha (d) Both (a) and (c)
370 Know Your State Haryana

18. Which of the following is/are religious 29. Which of the following instrument is a
songs? combination of Veena and Tamboora?
(a) Devuthani (a) Guitar (b) Iktara
(b) Sanjhi Songs (c) Banzo (d) Sitar
(c) Katak Nahane songs 30. Which of the following instruments is
(d) All of the above associated with Lord Krishna?
19. Which of the following songs usually depict (a) Shankh (b) Shehnai
the shringar Rasa? (c) Been (d) Bansuri
(a) Pilia (b) Savan Songs 31. Which of the following instruments is
(c) Panghat songs (d) Sohar played in wedding ceremonies?
20. Which of the following became a popular (a) Harmonium (b) Damru
bollywood singer in 1930s and 1940s? (c) Alghoza (d) Shehnai
(a) Baje Bhagat (b) Zohrabai 32. The Nagada is made up of hide of which of
(c) Pt. Jasraj (d) None of these the following animals?
21. Which among the following singers were (a) Buffalo (b) Leopard
trained under Ghulam Hussain Khan? (c) Goat (d) Both (a) and (c)
(a) Baje Bhagat (b) Zohrabai 33. The piece of wood used to beat Nagada is
(c) Pt. Jasraj (d) Lakshmichand
(a) Thil (b) Chob
22. Baje Bhagat, the famous folk singer of (c) Dandi (d) Tasha
Haryana was born in which of the following
34. Which of the following is a larger form of
villages?
Damru?
(a) Pili Mandori (b) Sadhrana
(a) Dafli (b) Ghadwa
(c) Sisna (d) None of these
(c) Deru (d) Manjira
23. Pt. Jasraj was born in
35. Which of the following musical instrument
(a) Hisar (b) Ambala is used to worship Goga Ji?
(c) Bahadurgarh (d) Jhajjhar
(a) Dafli (b) Damru
24. Which among the following invented an (c) Deru (d) Daph
unique form of Jugalbandi?
36. Ghadwa was invented by whom among the
(a) Baje Bhagat (b) Lakshmichand following?
(c) Pt Jasraj (d) Hussain Khan
(a) Amir Khusrao (b) Shahjahan
25. Which of the following is a string (c) Jagannath Bhardwaj(d) None of these
instrument?
37. Which of the following is a percussion
(a) Sarangi (b) Alghoza instrument?
(c) Nagada (d) Tasha
(a) Manjira (b) Jhanjh
26. The strings sarangi is made by (c) Khartal (d) All of these
(a) buffalo skin (b) cow skin 38. Which of these instrument is used by Jogis
(c) goat skin (d) horse skin during their worship?
27. Which of the following was a popular (a) Cymbals (b) Chimta
Sarangi player? (c) Khartal (d) Manjira
(a) Kuldeep Manak (b) Amar Singh 39. Which of these instrument is beaten and
(c) Maman Khan (d) All of these played with the help of a wooden stick?
28. Which of the following is/are popular Tumbi (a) Khartal (b) Jhalar
players? (c) Chimta (d) None of these
(a) Lalchand Yamla Jatt 40. Which of the following instruments are used
(b) Didar Sandhu in Gugga dance?
(c) Amar Singh Chamkila
(a) Deru (b) Manjira
(d) All of the above
(c) Chimta (d) All of these
Music and Dance of Haryana 371

41. Which among these is a dance forms of 50. Which of the following is/are theme/s in
Haryana whose origin goes back to the days swang?
of the Mahabharata? [HSSC 2020] (a) Nal-Damyanti (b) Heer-Ranjha
(a) Daph (b) Ghoomar (c) Leelo Chaman (d) All of the above
(c) Chhathi (d) Dhamal 51. Which of these ragas are used in swang
42. The dhamal dance involves the use of which performances?
of the following instrument? (a) Bhairav Raga (b) Kolyan Raga
(a) Daphli (b) Damru (c) Daph (d) Chimta (c) Bhupali Raga (d) All of these
43. Which of these dance is also known as 52. The performance in swang begins with
Haryanvi Gidda? which of these dances?
(a) Ghoomar (b) Jhumar (a) Gugga dance (b) Hodi dance
(c) Daph dance (d) Phag dance (c) Daph dance (d) None of these
44. The dance form of Haryana which is 53. Who among the following made swang
symbolic of the ornament worn by the popular in modern times?
yound married women on their forehead is (a) Ali Baksh (b) Bansilal
called as ............. . [HSSC 2020] (c) Kishanlal Bhaat (d) Baje Bhagat
(a) Ghoomar (b) Jhumar
54. The first swang created by Pt. Deepchand
(c) Loor (d) Gugga Dance
was
45. Which dance is performed during phalgun? (a) Gopi Chand (b) Sorath
(a) Gugga (b) Jhumar (c) Krishnalila (d) Seela Sethani
(c) Loor (d) None of these
55. Pt. Lakhmi Chand was born in which of the
46. The khoria dance is usually performed at following village?
(a) bride’s house (b) bridegroom’s house (a) Janti Kalan (b) Bahadurgarh
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) wedding ceremony (c) Rewari (d) None of these
47. Ratwai dance is famous in which of the 56. Which among the following swangs were
following region? created by Pt Lakhmi Chand?
(a) Hisar (b) Mewat I. Nal-Damyanti II. Shakuntala
(c) Ambala (d) Sirsa III. Lakadhara IV. Seth Tarachand
48. Gangor dance is dedicated to which among Codes
the following? (a) I and II (b) I, II and II
(a) Lakshmi and Ganesha (c) I, II, III and V (d) II, III and V
(b) Shiva and Parvati 57. Which of these instruments used in a swang
(c) Ram and Seeta performance?
(d) All of the above I. Iktara II. Khanjari
49. The first description of swang folk art is III. Chimta IV. Shehnai
found in ............. . Codes
(a) Karnal (b) Kurukshetra (a) I and II (b) I, II and II
(c) Hisar (d) Rohtak (c) I, II and IV (d) II, III and V

Answers
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (d)
41. (d) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (b) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (b) 48. (b) 49. (b) 50. (d)
51. (d) 52. (a) 53. (c) 54. (b) 55. (a) 56. (a) 57. (b)
CHAPTER 24
Fairs and Festivals
of Haryana
Fairs and festivals are the cultural heritage of
Indian society. India is a diverse land of various
cultures, societies, religions in the world. We can
see the culture of India through its various fairs
and festivals, celebrated with high spirits in each
and every region of India.
The state of Haryana celebrates the rich,
glorious culture of India in its various fairs and
festivals that are celebrated with great zeal by its
people. There are several fairs and festivals in
Haryana that attracts a large number of visitors
to the state at different times of the year.
Important Festivals of
Haryana
The important festivals in Haryana are
celebrated according to the Vikram Samvat.
The important festivals of Haryana are:
Nav Samvatsar Festival
(Indian New Year)
l It is being celebrated by the people of
Haryana from the ancient times. It is
celebrated on the 1st day of Shukla Paksha in
Chaitra month (March-April).
l It is related to the origin of universe but now
its popularity is declining.
Sili Sate (Sili Satam)
l It is a popular festival which is celebrated after
6 days of Nav Samvatsar Utsav. It is celebrated
on Krishna Paksha Saptami that falls in the
month of Chaitra (March-April).
l Women worship Goddess Sheetala Mata in this
festival.
l In this festival, the food cooked from the
previous night is eaten on the next day, usually
sweet rice are eaten.
l As it is celebrated by eating stale food, it is also
known as ‘Basoda’.
l During this festival, people perform prayers of
Budho Mata on Wednesday.
Gangaur Festival
lIt is mainly celebrated in the state of Rajasthan,
but due to its proximity of the Hisar district of
Haryana to Rajasthan, it is widely celebrated in
Hisar.
lThe festival begins on 3rd day of Shukla
Paksha in Chaitra month (March-April). On
this day, the married women fast for their
husbands.
lThe unmarried women also fast and worship
for being blessed with a good husband.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l The women make images of Gangaur on their
walls using cow dung or clay. These images are
covered with an auspicious red cloth.
l It is celebrated by offering sweets made up of
wheat, flour. In many parts, sweets such as
‘‘Ghewar’’ is also distributed.
Matridevi Poojan
lMatri Poojan and Devi Poojan begins on the
1st day of Krishna Paksha and 2nd day of
Shukla Paksha in the month of Chaitra
(March-April).
lAt many places, this festival begins from Sili
Satam (Sheetala Saptami).
lIn this festival, several goddesses such as
Randhani, Mandhani, Sheetala, Pahadan, etc.
are worshipped.
lThe women cook sweet rice, porridge, poode,
etc. which are offered to the goddess. They
sing folk songs in praise of the goddess.
lDuring Saptami and Ashtami, the temples in
villages of Beri, Bas, Banbhori are full of
worshippers and followers.
Durga Ashtami
It is celebrated during the month of Chaitra
(March-April) in whole Haryana. In the
Naneola region of Ambala, this festival is of
great significance.
Ram Navami
lIt is celebrated on the 9th day of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Chaitra. According to
the Hindu scriptures, Lord Rama was born on
this day.
lIn the Bhaindoli village of Faridabad, Ram
Navami is celebrated with great rejoice.
Jethude
l It is celebrated in the month of Jyestha (May-June)
during the period of intense summers.
l In this festival, water is distributed by the
people in various places.
373
Bhadliya Navami
lIt is celebrated at the beginning of monsoon
season in the second phase of Ashad month
(June-July).
lHaryana is an agricultural economy. So, this
festival is celebrated with great joy and
happiness in the state.
Teej
lIt is celebrated on the 3rd day after the full
moon in the month of Shravana (July-August).
It is celebrated during the Shukla Paksha in
the states of Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan.
lIt is a symbol of dedication of Goddess Parvati
to Lord Shiva. The women keep a ‘Nirjala
Vrat’ (fast without drinking water) for their
husband’s well-being and long life. This is also
known as Swarna Gauri Vrat.
lTeej is also known as Madhushrava Teej. On
this day, the brothers brings gifts in the form
of ‘Kothli’ for their married sisters.
lIt is a three day festival where women dress up
like newly weds in colours like red and green.
They apply heena/mehendi and wear colourful
bangles which are symbolic of a newly wed bride.
lThe food such as Ghewar, Dal Baati, Besan
Laddu, Kaju Katli, Sattu, etc. are a part of Teej
celebration.
lIn some places of the state, wrestling is also
organised.
lSwings are hung from trees. Women dressed in
new clothes sing songs and enjoy the swing.
lTeej is also symbolic of a good harvest. It
brings joy for the farming community.
▲ TEEJ
374
Saloni/Saluman (Raksha Bandhan)
lIt is celebrated in the month of Shravana in
Shukla Paksha. The day of full moon in the
month of Shravana is known as Shravani.
On this day, the students were sent to
Gurukuls in earlier times.
lIn earlier times, the priest used to tie a
Rakshasutra (a Rakhi) to the worshippers.
lIt is being celebrated by brothers and sisters
since the medieval times in India. The sisters
of all ages tie Rakhis (Ponhachis) on the wrist
of their brothers. In return, brothers assure the
protection and care of their sisters along with a
gift.
lBaba Kheda fair is also organised on this day
in Bhiwani district.
lMost popularly, it is known as Raksha
Bandhan in India.
lAfter three days of Raksha Bandhan, Budhi
Teej is celebrated across India. The festival is
celebrated with splendour in Panchvati
(Palwal), Aurangabad and Khambi. Here,
processions of Gods and Goddesses are also
taken out.
Shiv Mandir Festival
lIt is celebrated every year in the month of
Shravana (July-August) and Phalgun
(February-March) in the Shukla Paksha.
lThe festival has been celebrated on a place
named Burayan in the Jind district.
Nag Panchami
lIt is celebrated on the 5th day of Shukla
Paksha of Shravana month (July-August).
lThe Hindu community worships the Nag
Devta (Serpent Gods) on this day.
lThe main ritual on this day is offering milk to
the Nag Devta. It is believed that offering milk
to snakes is said to keep the evil away. Along
with milk, turmeric, flowers and kumkum are
also offered during worship.
Know Your State Haryana
l By worshipping Nag Devta people can get rid
of fear of snake.
l On this day, women draw square on the wall
of their house with saffron colour.
Goga Navami
lIt is celebrated on the 9th day of Krishna
Paksha of Bhadrapad month
(August-September). It is celebrated in
Kanina, Hudina and Narnaul areas of
Mahendragarh district.
lOn this festival, the people worship Goga Ji, a
folk deity. The place of worship of Goga Ji is
Goga ki Medi, which is situated in Haryana.
On Goga Navami, fairs are organised in
several places in Haryana.
lIt is believed that there are four incarnations of
Goga Ji. The Muslims consider him a ‘Guga
Pir’ whereas the Hindus call him ‘Guru
Gugga’. Other than these he is believed to take
the form of ‘Zahar Pir’ and ‘Bagad Wala Pir’
(born in Bagad region).
lAs per the legends, Goga was a Rajput prince
who had supernatural powers to control
venomous snakes.
lThe people believe that worshipping him will
protect them from snakes.
lAnother belief is that he was called ‘Goga’
because of his remarkable service to cows (Gou
in Sanskrit). Goga Ji is called by the name
Snake God in many parts of Haryana. In
modern times, he was named as Gugga Ji.
lIt is also believed that Goga Ji protects
children. So, the women who are married
perform Poojas and pray to him for the
well-being of their children.
lIn the evening of the festival, a fair is organised
on the ‘Goga Ki Medi’. The worshippers and
followers take out a procession with a stick in
their hands known as ‘Guga ki Chari.’ It is
decorated with flowers, and Peacock’s
feathers etc.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l Wheat and rice are collected from the people
for offering them to Goga Ji.
l The festival ends on the 4th day of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Bhadrapad. The
followers dance to the tune of music in praise
of the deity.
Ganesha Chaturthi
lIt is an important festival of Hindus,
celebrated on the 4th day of Krishna Paksha
in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September) to celebrate the birth of
Lord Ganesha.
lThe festival is organised for 10 days. On the
last day, Lord Ganesha’s idol is immersed in
water.
lThis is known as Ganapati Visarjan.
Including Haryana, this festival is celebrated
in various parts of India.
Dusshera
lIt is commonly celebrated in the month of
Ashwin (September-October) on the 10th
day of Shukla Paksha. It is also known as
Vijayadashami. It signifies the victory of
good over the evil.
lIt is mainly celebrated in the Rohtak district
of Haryana with great zeal and fervour. Here,
people celebrate it by singing folk songs and
dancing.
lIt is believed that in the twilight period,
where swarms of evening stars appear in the
sky is termed as the period of ‘Vijaya’. It
makes the triumph of good over evil.
lThe barley seeds are sowed on the 1st day of
Shukla Paksha. Till, the day of the
Vijayadashami festival, the plants grow and it
is worshipped.
lPrior to the festival, women decorate their
walls with Saanjhi (image of Goddess
Durga). On the 10th day (the day of
Dashami), it is immersed in water.
375
Dev Uthani Gyaras
lIt is celebrated on the 11th day of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Kartik. In the Puranas,
it is known as Prabodhini Ekadashi and
Devothan ki Ekadashi.
lThe term Dev Uthani means to wake God. It
refers to Lord Vishnu, who is awoken from a
four month long sleep by performing rituals.
Dev Uthani Ekadashi marks the end of four
month period called Chaturmas during which
Lord Vishnu is believed to be asleep.
lOn this day, only God should be praised. On
Ekadashi day, one should not get angry and stay
away from debate and do not insult a woman.
lThe four month period between Harishayani
Ekadashi and Dev Uthani Ekadashi is
considered as inauspicious.
lIt is believed that on this day Lord Vishnu
married Tulsi, a plant which is said to be the
incarnation of a woman named ‘Vrinda’. Thus,
the ritual of marriage known as Tulsi Vivah is
performed by the devotees.
lDuring evening, the people prepare floor
designs by geru paste and rice paste. Images of
Lakshmi and Vishnu are prepared from it.
Deepawali
lDeepawali or Diwali is a festival of lights
symbolising the victory of righteousness and
lifting of spiritual darkness.
lIt is celebrated on 15th day of Kartik month
(October-November).
lThe God of Wealth ‘‘Kuber’’ and ‘‘Goddess
Lakshmi’’ is worshipped on this day.
lIt commemorates Lord Rama’s return to his
kingdom Ayodhya after completing his 14 years
exile.
lThe Skanda Purana mentions that worshipping
Lord Vishnu in the month of Kartik is
auspicious and it destroys the evil energy. It free
a person from all the sins.
376
l The people decorate their houses on Diwali
and lighten up clay oil lamps in every corner
to destroy the evil and welcome fortune.
l Chhoti Diwali is also celebrated in Haryana, a
day before Diwali. It is also known as Giridih.
l On Chhoti Diwali, Yamdiva or Moridiva are
also organised.
l It is not only celebrated in India but Indians
living abroad also celebrate it with much
enthusiasm.
l In the month of Kartik, on the 1st day of
Shukla Paksha, Govardhan Pooja is also
organised. This festival occurs a day after
Diwali. On this day, the women make the
image of Govardhan with ‘cowdung’. Lamps
are lightened and sweets are offered to
Govardhan.
Bhai Dooj
lIt is celebrated in the month of Kartik on the
2nd day of Shukla Paksha, two days after
Diwali.
lIt is a symbol of the bond of love between the
brother and the sister. The festival signifies the
duty of the brother to protect the sister and
sister gives blessings to her brother.
lOn this day after taking bath sisters perform
pooja and prayers for the well being of their
brothers.
lOn this occasion, the sister applies a tilak on
the forhead of her brother and treats him with
his favourite dishes.
lIn Haryana, a ritual in which a dry coconut
(gola) and Kalawa is also used at the time of
aarti of the brother.
Kartik Snan
lKartik Snan is an important ritual in Haryana
which is observed on the (full moon day)
Purnima tithi in the month of Kartik. The
month of Kartik is believed to be auspicious
for Hindus.
Know Your State Haryana
l The most important ritual during this festival
is taking bath in the sacred rivers or water
bodies. On this day, devotees wake up before
sunrise to take the religious bath.
l In Haryana, the women and girls sing songs
and take a holy dip in the sacred water bodies.
They wish for desired husband and his good
health. At several places Pathwari Pooja is also
organised.
l Donation is considered very important on this
day. People donate cows, lamps, etc. The
people undertake fasting for whole day offer
‘‘Ardhya’’ to the stars at night and then eat
food.
Kartik Purnima
lKartik Purnima is the last day of the month
of Kartik (October-November). Donations
are given on this day to earn the blessings of
Gods.
lBathing in Ganga river and donating clay
lamps (Deep Daan) are considered auspicious
on this day.
lThe people visit holy places such as Ganga
river, Yamuna ghats, Kurukshetra, Pushkar,
Ramraya, Pindara, Kapal Mochan, etc. to take
a holy dip.
lThe followers and worshippers keep fast (vrat)
and read Satyanarayan Katha as a part of
ritual.
lIt is also significant for Sikh. Guru Nanak Dev
Ji, the first Sikh Guru was born in 1469 on
this day.
Basant Panchami
lIt is a harvest festival celebrated on the 5th day
of Magh month (January-February). The
Hindu devotees worship Goddess Saraswati
along with Kamdeva and Rati.
lDuring the Basant, nature looks very
beautiful. The yellow flowers of mustard seem
deligent all around in the fields.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l The people celebrate Basant Panchmi by
wearing yellow coloured clothes, eating yellow
coloured dishes and display yellow flowers in
their homes.
l In Haryana, kite flying is also organised on
this day.
Makar Sankranti
lIt is celebrated in January every year and
marks the termination of the winter season
and the beginning of a new harvest season.
l It always falls on the same date every year
i.e 14th January, except in some years when
the date shifts by a day for that year
(January 15).
l It is dedicated to Lord Sun. On this auspicious
day, the sun enters the zodiac sign of
Capricorn or Makar which marks the end of
winter months and the beginning of longer
days. This is the beginning of the month of
Magh.
l From the day of Makar Sankranti, the sun
begins its Northward journey or Uttarayan
journey. Therefore, this festival is also known
as Uttarayan.
l In Haryanvi language it is called as ‘Sankrant’
or ‘Sakrat’.
l The people of Haryana visited Pehowa,
Pandu-Pindora and Kurukshetra to take a dip
in holy and sacred water.
l The newly married women present gifts to her
in-laws which is also known as ‘Tevar’.
l It is also termed as the day of donations and it
is considered that season starts changing on
this day. Porridge is donated on this day.
Sesame seeds, clothes, etc. are also donated to
girls and women.
377
Shivratri
lIt is celebrated in the month of Phalgun
(March-April) on the 4th of Krishna Paksha. It
is a special festival in the Durana village,
Ambala.
lIt is believed that the Lord Shiva and Goddess
Parvati were wedded on this day.
lOther believed that on the day of Shivratri,
Lord Shiva acquired the form of a destroyer and
destroyed the egos of Brahma and Vishnu.
lThe day is celebrated with great rejoice in
Haryana.
lOn this day, Lord Shiva is offered milk and
water on Shivlinga, devotees keep on fasting full
day and jaagrans are organised in the temples.
Holi and Phag
lThis festival is celebrated in the month of
Phalgun. The festival ends with Holika Dahan
and the next day Dulhendi or Phag is
celebrated. Holi is a festival of colours.
lThe Holika Dahan is associated with the story
of Prahlad and his father Hiranyakashyap who
wanted to kill him.
lPrior to Holika Dahan, on the day of Basant
Panchami, a long stick is dug in the ground
around which bushes, wood, etc. are kept for
the next 40 days.
lThis stick is symbolic of Prahlad. It is also
known as Holi Mangalna in Haryana.
lOn the next day of Holika Dahan, Dulhendi
is celebrated. It is also known as Phag. On this
day, people play with colours (gulal). At several
places Dhamal dance and swangs are also
organised. People clean their houses and adorn
them with flowers and rangolis. Sweets are
offered to everyone in the community.
378
Festivals of Sikhs
The most important festivals of Sikhs
community are as follows:
Baisakhi
lIt is a spring harvest festival usually
celebrated on 13th or 14th April on the
1st day of month of Baisakh. In Punjab,
the farmers celebrate Baisakhi as the harvest
of Rabi crops as well as pay tribute to the
Goddess Lakshmi for a good harvest.
lOn this day (13th April, 1699), the 10th
Guru, Guru Gobind Singh laid the
foundation of Khalsa Panth, which seeks
to baptise Sikh warriors to defend their
religious freedom.
lIt is celebrated with joy and fervour in the
Pinjore region of Panchkula district. Fairs
are also organised in Panchkula, on the
occasion of Baisakhi.
Martyrdom Day of Guru Arjun Dev
lHe was appointed as the Sikh Guru in
1581 after the death of his father and killed
in 1606.
lGuru Arjan Dev, the 5th Guru of Sikhs
was the first of the two gurus to be
martyred in Sikh faith.
▲ PEOPLE OF SIKH COMMUNITY CELEBRATING BAISAKHI
Know Your State Haryana
lMartyrdom day of Guru Arjun Dev is celebrated
on the 14th day of Shukla Paksha in the month of
Jyestha, as a tribute every year.
Guru Nanak Jayanti (Gurpurab)
lIt is celebrated on the birth anniversary of the first
Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak. He was the founder of
Sikh religion.
lIt is celebrated on the full Moon Day of the
month of Kartik (October-November). It is one
of the most sacred festivals of Sikhism.
lThe celebrations usually begins with prabhat feris
which are early morning processions. Generally
two days before the Gurpurab, reading of Guru
Grantha Sahib is held in Gurudwaras across the
state.
Guru Teg Bahadur’s Martyrdom Day
lGuru Teg Bahadur was the 9th Guru of Sikhs. He
was appointed as Sikh Guru on 20th March,
1664 and remained till 24th November, 1675. He
was born in 1621 in Amritsar and was the
youngest son of Guru Hargobind Sahib, the 6th
Guru.
lHe was martyred on 11th November, 1675 at the
age of 54.
lIt is celebrated in the month of Margashirsha
(November-December) on the 5th day of Shukla
Paksha.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
Martyrdom of Baba Zorawar Singh and
Baba Fateh Singh
lBaba Zorawar Singh and Baba Fateh Singh
were the sons of the 10th Guru of Sikhs,
Guru Govind Singh.
lThe martyrdom of these two is celebrated on
the 1st day of the Krishna Paksha in the
month of Pausha (December-January).
Lohri
lIt is a winter folk festival celebrated in
Haryana. It is celebrated a day before Makar
Sankranti. This day is also called Sikho ki
Sankranti.
lLohri falls in the month of Pausha mostly on
13th January every year.
lOn this day people lighten the bonfire at night.
Lohri is an ancient tradition. Singing and
dancing is an intrinsic part of Lohri festival.
Ramdas Jayanti Utsav
lGuru Ramdas was the 4th Guru of Sikhs.
The anniversary of 4th Sikh Guru is celebrated
on the 9th day of Phalgun month
(February-March).
lIt is celebrated with joy in Hindol (Dadri) in
Haryana along with Punjab. The day is
celebrated by decorating the Gurudwaras with
lights. People visit the Gurudwaras to listen to
the hymns that were composed by Guru
Ramdas Ji.
lThe Sikh community and all the Gurudwaras
organise langars (the community kitchens) to
feed people.
Important Fasts of Haryana
The most important fasts of Haryana region are
as follows:
Chamahi Atham Sanjhi
lDevi (Shakti) Pooja is held in Haryana twice
every year. It is held in Chaitra (March-April)
as well as Ashwin (September-October). It is
known as Chamahi Atham (Once in 6 months).
379
l This festival starts after ‘Petri Amavasya’.
Goddess Sanjhi (Durga) worshipped by the
girls and women. The images of the Goddess
are made of mud and molded into various
shapes. Everyday women are invited for
singing bhajans and performing aarti.
Nirjala Gyas/Ekadashi
lNirjala Gyas or Ekadashi falls on the 11th day
of Krishna Paksha in the month of Jyestha
(May-June).
lNirjala fast (fast without water) is undertaken
by the women for their husband’s longer life.
lIt is considered to be the most sacred of all
Ekadashis.
lPooja is offered to Lord Vishnu to seek his
grace. People believed, that offering cold
‘Sharbat’ is a pious act.
Durga Vrat
lFast for Goddess Durga is undertaken on the
Ashtami of every month. The first fast is
undertaken in the month of Shravana
(July-August) on the 8th day of Shukla Paksha.
lOn this day, the weapons of Goddess Durga
are worshipped. Goddess Durga is offered
flowers, chandan, dhoop, etc. Girls are offered
with delicious food as a part of this vrat.
lThere is also a ritual of sowing barley seeds.
After they grow a bit taller, these are offered to
the Goddess.
Odhdwas-Doobri
lBoth of these festivals are related to cow worship.
lOdhdwas is celebrated in the month of
Bhadrapad on 2nd day of Krishna Paksh.
lDoobri is celebrated on the ashtami of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September).
lIn Odhdwas, the women fast and worship for
the long lives of their children whereas in
Doobri, the women fast and worship for long
lives of their husbands.
380
Krishna Janmashtami
lIt is celebrated on the Ashtami of Krishna
Paksha in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September) as the birth anniversary of
Lord Krishna.
lOn this day, bhajans are organised in temples.
People sing and dance in the praise of Krishna.
Earlier, in many places, swangs were also
organised.
lBoth men and women keep fasting on this
day, Krishna Leelas are organised in the
temples where people pray and worship Lord
Krishna in his younger form.
lIn Haryana, it is also known as “Jayanti”. On
the next day, Goga Pir is worshipped by the
people.
Ahoi Mata
lThis festival is organised on the 8th day of
Shukla Paksha in the month of Kartik
(October-November).
lThe fasting and worship on Ahoi Ashtami are
dedicated to Mata Ahoi. She is worshipped by
mothers for the wellbeing and long life of their
children.
lThis day is also known as Ahoi Aathe or Ahoi
Ashtami. Pooja preparations are finished
before sunset. On this day, women draw the
symbolic images of Goddess Ahoi with Shyau
mata or Sei mata with her children on the
wall. These images are made with geru or
ochre, a natural clay earth pigment.
lStrict fasting is observed after seeing the early
morning Moon around 4 am and the fast is
broken after seeing the moon at night.
lWomen also avoid drinking water during the
pooja.
lOn this festival brides also offers Bayna
(clothes, food items etc) to the elder woman
(mother-in-law or married sister-in-law) of the
family and receive their blessings.
Know Your State Haryana
Gopashtami
lIt is dedicated to Lord Krishna and celebrated
on 8th day of Shukla Paksha in the month of
Kartik (October-November).
lIt is celebrated as it is believed that Krishna’s
father Nanda Maharaj gave Krishna the
responsibility for taking care of the cows of
Vrindavan.
lCows are worshipped on this day. Devotees
visit the Goshalas, bathe and clean the cows
and decorate them with clothes and jewellery.
lCow and Krishna worship is performed
simultaneously along with cow Pradakshina
(go around) to acquire blessings for a good
and happier life.
lThe glories of the cow and her protection are
discussed by senior devotees. All of them feed
the cows and take part in a feast near goshala.
▲ GOPASHTAMI
Karwa Chauth
lIt is celebrated on the 4th day of Krishna
Paksha in the month of Kartik
(October-November). On this day married
women fast from sunrise to moonrise for the
safety and longevity of their husbands.
lIn Haryana, the women eat ‘Sargi’ early in the
moning which includes fenia. It is a traditional
practise for the Sargi to be given to women by
her mother-in-law.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l A story of Karwa Chauth is narrated by an
older women of the house. The fasting
women offers ‘bayana’ to the idols of
Karwa Mata which is handed over to their
mother-in-law and sister-in-law.
l Water is offered to the Moon to secure its
blessings. Ganesha Pooja is also
undertaken. All the things used in pooja
are donated for blessings.
l Women cook many delicious dishes in the
evening. After seeing the Moon women
break their fast and take food.
Sakat Chauth
lThis fast is celebrated on the 4th day of
Krishna Paksha in the month of Magh
(January-February). This is also known as
Ganesh Chaturthi.
lSakat Chauth is observed mainly by
women who fast for the wellbeing of their
children. This fast is dedicated to Goddess
Sakat.
lOn this day, Lord Ganesha is also
worshipped which brings happiness and
prosperity.
lA story of Lord Ganesha is recited during
the day.
lAt night fast is broken after offering water
to the Moon. Sweets made of sesame seeds
offered to Lord Ganesha.
Vaasriya Vrat
lIn Haryana, every day of the week has
some fast associated with it. Every fast has
its own significance.
lOn Mondays, fast are kept for Lord Shiva.
On Tuesday, fast are kept for Lord
Hanuman, Goddess Santoshi’s fast is
undertaken on Fridays, Lord Shani’s fast
on Saturdays, fast for God Sun on
Sundays, etc.
381
Fairs of Haryana
Fairs of Haryana reflect the cultural life of its people.
These are organised in almost every part of the state.
Fairs are also associated with Gods and Goddesses,
saints and sages and various other communities.
Fairs Associated with Incarnations of
Lord Vishnu
The fairs associated with incarnation of Lord Vishnu
are as follows :
l Narsingh Avatar Lord Vishnu incarnated as
Narsingh to save his great devotee Prahlad from
Hiranyakashyap. Lord Narsingh is worshipped in
Varaha forest situated in Jind district. He is
worshipped in the month of Shravana. In the
month of Baisakh (April-May) Narsingh Jayanti
celebrated on the 4th day of Shukla Paksha.
Various fairs are organised across the state to
celebrate the day.
l Parashuram Avatar Parashuram Jayanti is
celebrated in Haryana in the month of Baisakh
(April-May) on the 3rd day of Shukla Paksha. This
day falls on Akshaya tritiya.
l In Thanesar, Lord Parashuram’s father and mother
are worshipped. The hermitage of sage Jamadagni,
the father of Parashuram, is situated near Pindara
in Jind district.
l Vamana Avatar Vamana Jayanti is celebrated on
the 2nd day of Shukla Paksha in the month of
Bhadrapad (August-September).
l Vamana kund is situated in the Kurukshetra region
of Haryana, which is believed to be the birth place
of Lord Vamana who was the avatar of Lord
Vishnu.
l Vamana Dwadashi Mela (fair for Vamana Avatar)
is organised in Kaithal and Ambala.
l Krishna Avatar The birth of Lord Krishna is
celebrated on Krishna Janmashtami on the 8th day
of Bhadrapad (August-September). In Firozpur
Jhirka, on the 11th day of Shukla Paksha, Jal
Jhulni Fair is organised.
382
l In Bhiduki, Palwal, Phooldor Fair is organised
on the 1st day of Krishna Paksha. It is dedicated
to Lord Krishna playing the festival of Holi with
Gopis in Vrindavan.
l On the 10th day of Bhadrapad in the Jagannath
temple of Hansi, a fair is organised which is
dedicated to Lord Krishna.
l Varaha Avatar Fair In Haryana, the place of
pilgrimage of Varaha is in Varaha Van and
Varaha Kalan village of Jind district. Varaha is
most commonly associated with the Vishnu’s
legend of lifting the Earth out of the cosmic
ocean.
l Varaha Jayanti is celebrated on the 12th day of
Shukla Paksha in the month of Magh
(January-February). In some parts, it is
celebrated on the 3rd day of Shukla Paksha in
the month of Bhadrapad (August-September).
Fairs Associated with Sages
The fairs associated with sages in Haryana are as
follows:
l Yayati Fair Yayati was the son of Raja Nahusha,
a king of Chandra dynasty. He was married to
Devyani, the daughter of Shukracharya. The
pilgrimage site associated with Yayati is situated
in Pehowa (Kurukshetra) in Haryana.
l It is believed that Yayati organised a sacred yagya
on the banks of river Saraswati. At this place, a
fair is organised on the 11th day of Krishna
Paksha in the month of Chaitra (March-April).
l Parashar Fair The pilgrimage site of sage
Parashar is situated in Bahlolpur village in
Karnal. Fairs are organised every year at this
place in the months of Chaitra (March-April)
and Baisakh (April-May). Saint Parashar is said
to have composed Parashara Smriti Granth in
Sanskrit language.
l Bhishma Pitamah Fair In Manesar (Gurugram),
a fair is organised annually in the hermitage of
Bhishma. This fair is organised in the month of
Shravana (July-August). Bhishma Pitamah is
worshipped daily during this fair.
Know Your State Haryana
l Satkumbh Fair (Chakwa Bain) It is
organised in Khed-Khedika Gujar in
Sonipat on the last Sunday in the month of
Shravana (July-August). This place has been
the capital of Raja Chakwa Bain.
l Ajat Fair Sage Ajat’s fair is organised every
year at Jui in Bhiwani, Haryana. This is
organised on the 6th day of Krishna Paksha
in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September).
l Sage Ajat was fond of cows. He was killed
by an Asura while protecting the cows from
him. According to Matsya Purana, sage Ajat
was one of the ten sons of Hridik, a king of
the Yadava Dynasty.
l Bharthari The fair of Bharthari is organised
on the 2nd day of Krishna Paksha in the
month of Bhadrapad at a place known as
Din Vyal in Narnaul. Another fair is
organised in Kharak Kalan village in
Kalanaur.
l Puranmal Fair This fair is organised in the
Kasan village on the 13th day of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September) in the memories of
Bhakta Puranmal. Another fair is also
organised in Baliyana village in Rohtak in
his name.
l Markandeya A fair for Markandeya Rishi is
organised on the Full Moon Night (Amavasya)
in the month of Ashwin (September-October)
in Hariyoyo, district Ambala. The river
Markandeya, located in Haryana is named
on sage Markandeya.
l Prahlad Bhagat Fair It is organised on the
2nd day of Shukla Paksha in the month of
Phalgun (February-March) near Allika in
Palwal. Prahlad Bhagat was the son of
Hiranyakashyap.
l Chyavan Rishi Fair Sage Chyavan Rishi was
the son of Sage Bhrigu. The hermitage of
Saint Chyavan Rishi is situated in Aasan
village of Jind district.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l It is situated in the Dhosi hills located near
Kultajpur village in Narnaul, Mahendragarh. It
is also known as Dhosi Tirth. This place is also
considered as the place of pilgrimage for Sage
Chyavan. Here, a grand fair is organised
annually which is dedicated to sage Chyavan.
l Kartikeya Kartikeya is associated with the holy
places such as Surajkund or Sarak tirth in
Shergarh village of Hisar district. According to
the Vedic texts, Kartikeya was born in
(Shergarh) village.
l A temple of Kartikeya is located in Pehowa
(Kurukshetra) where an annual fair is
organised. Here, the women are not allowed to
offer worship. The vehicle of Lord Kartikeya is
Peacock which is given a special place by the
people of Haryana.
l Dadhichi The hermitage of Dadhichi is
situated near the mythical Saraswati river in
Kurukshetra.
l Dadhichi is known to sacrifice his life to the
Devas, so that they can make the weapon
‘Vajra’ from his bones.
l After being driven out of the heaven, the
Devas needed a strong weapon against the
serpent king Vritasur.
l According to Panini, the name Dadhichi is
obtained from Dadhyanga or Dadhyancha.
l Dadhichi is also considered as an ardent
devotee of Lord Shiva.
Fairs Associated with Saints in
Haryana
There are many fairs dedicated to the saints in
Haryana which are as follows:
lBaba Suraj Giri A fair is organised in Khori,
near Rewari district in Haryana.
lThis fair is dedicated to Baba Suraj Giri on the
1st day of Krishna Paksha in the month of
Chaitra (March-April).
383
l Saint Haridas A fair is organised in the
memory of Saint Haridas on the 4th day of
Krishna Paksha in the month of Chaitra
(March-April).
l It is organised in Jharoda near Jhajjar in
Haryana.
l Saint Mohandas A fair is organised every year
in Lahrada in Sonipat district. This fair is
organised on the New Moon Day (Amavasya)
in the month of Chaitra (March-April).
l Boodhla Saint A fair is organised in the
memory of Boodhla saint in Tohana and Hisar.
l This fair is organised on the 1st day of Vikram
Samvat.
l Saint Yagyasen A fair is organised in the
memory of saint Yagyasen on the 5th day of
Shukla Paksha in the month of Chaitra
(March-April).
l It is organised at a place named Para in
Thanesar.
l Baba Sarsai Nath It is associated with the
Nath community. The hermitage of Baba
Sarsai Nath is located in the South-East part of
Sirsanagar.
l Here, a fair is organised in the memory of
Baba Sarsai Nath. It is organised on the 1st day
of Shukla Paksha in the month of Chaitra
(March-April).
l Saint Jamnadas A fair is organised in the
memory of saint Jamnadas in Bhaloth in
Rohtak district. It is organised on the 8th day
of Shukla Paksha in the month of Chaitra
(March-April).
l Baba Ramgir A fair is organised on the 2nd
day of Krishna Paksha in Baisakh month
(April-May) at Pujam in Karnal. It is organised
every year in the memory of Baba Ramgir.
l Sidh Mahatma (Pir) In his memory, a fair is
organised in the month of Baisakh
(April-May) on the Full Moon Day in
Kushek, Palwal district.
384
l Baba Vanadev Two fairs are organised every
year in the months of Baisakh (April-May)
and Magh (January- February) in Raipur,
Rewari in his memory. The Banjara
community worships Baba Vanadev in
Haryana.
l Karma Wala Baba A fair is organised in Baas,
Dadri every year in the month of Jyestha
(May-June). It is organised on the full moon
day in the memory of Karma Wala Baba.
l Nikka Pir In his memory, a fair is organised
every year on Poornima in the month of
Ashad (June-July) in Madh, located in
Fatehabad district.
l Bhagat Phulsingh A fair is organised in his
memory on the 2nd day of Shukla Paksha in
the month of Shravana (July-August). It is
organised in Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat district.
l Baba Mohandev A fair is organised in the
memory of Mohandev Baba in Panwala
Khusropur in Gurugram. It is organised in the
month of Shravana (July-August).
l Suraj Fair In his memory, a fair is organised
in Lakkarpur in Ballabhgarh in the month of
Shravana (July-August). It is organised every
year on every Sunday in Shravana month.
l Kherewale Baba Every year, a fair is organised
on Raksha Bandhan in Naurangabad, Bhiwani
in his memory.
l Saint Nityanand He was born in Narnaul,
Haryana and died on the 1st day of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Bhadrapada
(August-September) in 1856. On this day, a
fair is organised in Majra, Jhajjar, the place of
his death. He is known for his writing
Nityanand Vani.
l Naktadev A fair is organised every year in
Kamaspur, Sonipat in his memory. It is
organised on the 6th day of Shukla Paksha in
the month of Bhadrapada (August-September).
Know Your State Haryana
l Swami Dayal A fair is organised every year in
Charkhi-Dadri in his memory. It is organised
on the 8th day of Krishna Paksha in the month
of Bhadrapada (August-September) each year.
l Baba Amarnath A fair is organised in
Banipur, Rewari on the New Moon Day
(Amavasya) of Bhadrapad month
(August-September) in the memory of Baba
Amarnath.
l Baba Ramsharan Das A fair is organised in
Narnaul, Haryana in his memory. It is held on
the Full Moon Day in the month of
Bhadrapad (August-September).
l Baba Zinda (Bhojvas) A fair is organised in
Bhojvas in Mahendragarh district. It is
organised on the 2nd day of Shukla Paksha in
the month of Bhadrapad (August-September).
l Budha Baba A fair is organised in Asoda
Todram in Jhajjar district in his memory. It is
organised on the 3rd day of Bhadrapad
(August-September).
l Baba Bhagwandas A fair is organised in Tekla,
near Rewari in his memory. It is organised on
the 5th day of Bhadrapad (August-September)
in the Shukla Paksha.
l Baba Joharnath Each year, a fair is organised
in his memory in Bhandwa in Dadri, Haryana.
It is organised on the 12th day of Shukla
Paksha in the month of Bhadrapada.
l Baba Narayandas A fair in the memory of
Baba Narayandas is organised in Jhansa, near
Thanesar. It is organised on the 1st day of the
Bhadrapad month (August-September).
l Onkar Kheda In his memory, a fair is
organised each year in Badalvan, in Karnal
district. It is organised in the month of
Bhadrapad (August-September).
l Guru Gosai Laldas A fair is organised in
Tohana in Hisar in his memory. It is organised
on the 9th day of the Bhadrapad month
(August-September).
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l Baba Bujandas In his memory, a fair is
organised on the 10th day of Shukla Paksha in
the month of Ashwin (September-October).
It is organised in Vucholi, Mahendragarh
district.
l Baba Ladana Rajpuri In his memory, a fair is
organised near Kaithal in the month of
Ashwin (September-October).
l Sahab Swami A fair is organised in his
memory in Bujheda, located in Nuh. It is held
on Poornima in the month of Kartik
(October-November).
l Baba Simran Das A fair is organised in Indri,
Karnal district of Haryana. The resting place
(Samadhi) of Baba Simran Das is located in
Indri. An annual fair is organised here in the
month of Kartik (October-November).
l Kheegaj Devta In the memory of Kheegaj
devta, a fair is organised every year on the 7th
day of Krishna Paksha in Magh month
(January-February). It is organised annually in
Selang in the Mahendragarh district.
l Saint Vanakhandeshwar A fair is organised in
his memory on the 2nd day of Shukla Paksha
in the month of Magh (January-February). It
is organised every year in Palwal. It is also
known as Budha Baba Mela.
l Saint Narasingh Das A fair is organised in
Kanti, Narnaul in his memory.It is organised
on the 5th day of Shukla Paksha in the month
of Magh (January-February).
l Saint Ramdev A fair is organised in the
memory of saint Ramdev in village Gangwa in
the Hisar district every year. It is organised on
the 10th day of Shukla Paksha in the month of
Magh (January-February). A large number of
devotees from the surrounding areas arrive at
the fair to offer prayers.
l Baba Jairam Das A fair is organised in his
memory on the 11th day of Shukla Paksha in
the month of Magh (January-February). It is
mainly organised in the Mahendragarh district
every year.
385
l Baba Sabaadh A fair is organised in Sanghi,
Rohtak every year in his memory.
l It is organised on the 3rd day of Shukla Paksha
in the Magh month (January-February).
l Baba Puran Nath A fair is organised in
Baliyana, Rohtak in his memory. It is
organised every year in Magh month.
(January-February)
l Baba Narayan Nath A fair is organised in
Malenava, Ballabhgarh every year. It is
organised on the 3rd day of Krishna Paksha in
the month of Phalgun (February-March).
l Baba Himmat Nath A fair is held every year
on the 9th day of Krishna Paksha in Phalgun
(February-March).
l It is organised in Nahri located in Sonipat.
l Baba Moladnath A fair is organised in
Kanina, Mahendragarh every year in his
memory. It is organised on the 12th day of
Krishna Paksha in the month of Phalgun
(February-March).
l Baba Maaldev A fair is organised on the 13th
day of Krishna Paksha in Phalgun month
(February-March). It is organised in Jhal,
located in Jhajjar.
l Baba Shivdayal A fair is organised on the
New Moon Day (Amavasya) in the month of
Phalgun (February-March). It is organised in
Jharoda located in Rohtak.
l Nag Devta A fair is organised in Barsalu
located in Karnal. It is organised on the 6th
day of Shukla Paksha in the month of Phalgun
(February-March).
l Baba Balaknath A fair is organised in
Rabhda. Sonipat on the 9th day of Shukla
Paksha. It is organised in the month of
Phalgun (February-March).
l Baba Harihar A fair is organised in Hindol,
Dadri on the 9th day of Shukla Paksha in the
month of Phalgun (February-March).
l Baba Bhilai Nath In Nangalgarh,
Mahendragarh a fair is organised in his
386
memory. It is organised in the month of
Phalgun (February-March).
l Baba Mastnath (Shambhu) He was a great sage.
He was a Nathpanthis of Guru Gorakhnath
Sect. In his memory, a fair is organised in the
month of Chaitra (March-April) on the 9th day of
Shukla Paksha.
l It is organised in Dheki, located in Sonipat.
Other than this, a fair is organised on the
7th day of Shukla Paksha in Asthal Bohar,
Rohtak. Another fair is organised on 8th day of
Shukla Paksha in the month of Phalgun. It is
organised in Khedi Sadh, located in Rohtak.
Fairs of Different Sects and
Communities in Haryana
There are many fairs related to different sects and
communities in Haryana. These are as follows:
l Parmanandi Sect The founder of this sect was
Parmanand. In his memory, a fair is organised
in Haryana every year on the 9th day of the
Krishna Paksha of Shravana month
(July-August).
l Nityanandi Sect The founder of this sect was
saint Nityanand. In his memory, a fair is
organised on the Shukla Paksha Pratipada of
Bhadrapad month (August-September) in
Majra (Dubaldhan).
l Charandasi Community Saint Charandas is the
founder of this community. He is considered to
be the most new saint of India. In his memory,
a fair is organised in Haryana every year on the
7the day of Krishna Paksha in Margashirsha
month (November-December).
l Ravidasi Sect The fair of Saint Ravidas is
organised in Sirsa district of Haryana in
memory of the founder of this sect, Saint
Ravidas. This fair is organised on the Full
Moon Day in Margashirsha month
(November-December).
l Kabir Sect A fair is organised at the place called
Badli in Haryana in memory of the famous
saint Harde Das of this sect. It is organised on
Know Your State Haryana
the 7th day of Shukla Paksha in Phalgun
month (February-March).
l Garibdasi Sect Saint Garibdas is the founder
of this sect. In his memory, there is a fair at a
place called Chhudani in Jhajjar district of
Haryana. This fair is organised on the 12th
day of Shukla Paksha in Phalgun month
(February-March).
l Sadh Community A fair is organised in
Haryana in memory of the famous saint
Udhadas of this community. This fair is
organised from the 13th day of Shukla
Paksha to the Full Moon Day in Phalgun
month (February-March).
l Dadu Sect Dadu Maharaj is the founder of
this sect. The fair is organised in Haryana on
the birthday of Dadu Maharaj.
l Samta Sect The fair of this sect is organised
on 4th February every year at a place called
Jagadhri in Haryana.
l Benami Community A fair of Haryana’s
Kakkad community is organised in the
memory of Saint Kakkad.
Fairs of Sikhism in Haryana
Haryana has a number of fairs related to
Sikhism, which are as follows:
l Baba Haridas Nath In memory of Baba
Haridas Nath, a fair called Dhani is organised
in Dadri, Haryana. This fair is organised on
the 9th day of Shukla Paksha of Phalgun
month (February-March).
l Baba Gulab Gir A fair is organised in Hindol
(Dadri) of Haryana in the memory of Baba
Gulab Gir. This fair is organised on the 9th
day of Shukla Paksha of Phalgun month
(February-March).
l Baba Naga In the memory of Baba Naga a
fair is organised every year on the 8th day of
Phalgun month (February-March). This
fair is organised in Dadri at a place called
Rajgarh.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l Baba Jotnath In his memory, a fair is
organised at a place called Dhani in Dadri,
Haryana. This fair is organised every year on
the 9th day of Shukla Paksha of Phalgun
month (February-March).
l Baba Chhillardas In his memory, a fair is
organised every year during the month of
Phalgun (February-March). The fair is
organised at a place called Surkhpur Veeran in
Jhajjar district of Haryana.
l Baba Narsantadas He was a disciple of Guru
Ramdas. In his memory, a fair is organised
every year in Phalgun month
(February-March) at a place called Murund in
Narnaul, Haryana.
l Baba Raghunath A fair is organised in Tigra,
Narnaul of Haryana in the memory of Baba
Raghunath. This fair is organised every year
on the 12th day of Shukla Paksha of Phalgun
month (February-March).
l Baba Sadaram In his memory, a fair is
organised at a place called Malda in
Mahendragarh district of Haryana. This fair is
organised on the Full Moon Day of Phalgun
month (February-March).
l Fair Baba Buta Singh In his memory, a fair is
organised at Suchan Mandi in Sirsa district of
Haryana. This fair takes place on the day of
Baisakhi. Buta Singh Ji had an interest in
spirituality since childhood and developed a
special ability to recite Gurbani (sacred verse
from the Adi Granth). Kahan Singh was Guru
Brother of Buta Singh and Avtar Singh was
among his prominent disciples.
l Fair Guru Gobind Singh He was the 10th and
last Guru of the Sikhs. The birthday of
Gobind Singh is celebrated on the 7th day of
the Shukla Paksha of Paush month
(December-January). A fair is also organised
on this occasion. It was Guru Gobind Singh
who established ‘Khalsa Panth’ in 1699 AD.
387
Major Fairs of Various
Districts of Haryana
Fairs of Ambala District
The major fairs organised in Ambala district are
as follows:
l Kali Mai Fair It is organised in Chaitra month
(March-April). People perform prayer of Kali
Mai in this fair.
l Sharda Devi Fair It is organised at Trilokpur
area of Ambala district in the month of Chaitra
(March-April).
l Gugga Navami Fair This fair is organised in
the month of Bhadrapada (August-September)
in Keseri, Ambala. It is a religious fair.
l Teej Fair This fair is organised at Panjokhara
area of Ambala district. It is organised in the
Shravana month on Shukla Paksha Tritiya
(August-September). It has a great social
importance for people of Haryana. On this
occasion Kothli gift is given to sisters.
l Vaman Dwadashi Fair It is organised in the
month of Bhadrapad on Dashami, Ekadashi
and Dwadashi in Ambala district. Large
number of devotees came here every year.
Fairs of Bhiwani District
The major fairs organised in Bhiwani district are
as follows :
l Sati Fair This fair is organised at Kharak Kalan
village of Bhiwani district (August-September)
in the month of Bhadrapada on 5th day of
Shukla Paksha . This fair is devoted to Dadi
Jagade Sati.
l Dussehra Fair This fair is organised at
Bhiwani, Dadri and Loharu region of Haryana
on Vijayadashami (at the end of Navratri).
People celebrate this fair in the remembrance
of Lord Rama’s victory over the Ravana.
388
l Naga Baba Fair This fair is organised at
Nava Rajgarh place of Bhiwani district. In this
fair people worship Naga Baba.
l Puranmasi Fair This fair is organised at
Tosham town of Bhiwani district.
Fairs of Charkhi-Dadri District
The major fairs organised in Charkhi-Dadri
district are as follows:
l Janmashtami Fair This fair is organised in
Charkhi-Dadri district to celebrate the birth of
Lord Krishna in the month of Bhadrapada
(August-September).
l Dussehra Fair This fair is organised in Charkhi
Dadri district on Vijayadashami (at the end of
Navratri).
Fairs of Faridabad District
The major fairs organised in Faridabad district
are as follows :
l Kanha Gaushala Fair This fair is organised at
Bahin Faridabad in the month of Phalgun,
Panchmi (February-March). The fair is
commemorated in the memory of Dada Kanha
Rawat of Rawat Jats. Thus, the fair is organised
in the cow-shed which is located at the same
place.
l Phooldor Fair This fair is organised at Attar
Chattha village in Faridabad in the month of
Chaitra (March-April) on 2nd day of Krishna
Paksha . It is commemorated in the memory of
Baba Bakshinath.
l Kalka Fair This fair is organised at Mohna
village in Faridabad in the month of Chaitra
(March-April) on 8th day of Shukla Paksha.
This fair is organised due to the worship of
Mata Kalka Devi.
l Gugga Pir Fair This fair is organised at
Bahbalpur village in Faridabad in the month of
Bhadrapada (August-September) on Shukla
Paksha Navami. It is commemorated in the
memory of Gugga Pir.
Know Your State Haryana
l Janmashtami Fair This fair is organised at
Dhatir village in Faridabad district. It is
organised in the month of Bhadrapad on
Krishna Paksha Ashtami (August-September).
In this fair, wrestling is organised which is an
important feature of this fair.
l Baldev Chhat Fair This fair is organised at
Balramgarh town in Faridabad. This is
organised in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September) on 9 or 10th day of
Shukla Paksha. It is organised to celebrate the
birth date of Baldev.
l Kanuwa Fair This fair is organised in
Faridabad in the month of Bhadrapad
(August-September) on Krishna Paksha
Ekadashi.
l Kartik Cultural Fair This fair is organised at
Nahar Singh Mahal in Balramgarh town in
Faridabad. It is organised by the Haryana
Tourism Department to promote the arts and
crafts of the state.
l Shiv Chaudas Fair It is organised at Mitauli
in Faridabad for the celebration of Shivratri.
Fairs of Gurugram District
The major fairs organised in Gurugram district
are as follows :
l Shivji Fair This fair is organised in Punhana
area of Gurugram district in the month of
February.
l Mahadev Fair This fair is organised in
Inchhapuri village in Gurugram district. This
fair is organised on 4th day of Shukla Paksha
and Poornima in Shravana month
(July-August) and Phalguna month
(February-March).
l Buddho Mata Fair This fair is organised in
Mubarikpur village in Gurugram district. It is
organised at every week in the month of March.
l Sheetala Mata Fair It is organised on every
Monday in the month of Chaitra
(March-April) and Asadha (June-July). People
worship Sheetala Devi in this fair.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l Shahchokha Khori Fair This fair is organised in
Khori village in Gurugram district in the month
of April-May. It is organised by Muslim
community in the honour of Shahchokha.
l Gugga Navami Fair This fair is organised in
Islampur village in Gurugram district in the
month of Bhadrapad on Navami
(August-September). People perform prayer of
Gugga Pir in this fair.
l Budhi Teej Fair This fair is organised in
Aladurka place of Gurugram district in the
month of Bhadrapad (August-September) on
Shukla Paksha Teej by the Muslim community
of the district.
Fairs of Hisar District
The major fairs organised in Hisar district are as
follows:
l Shivaji Fair This fair is organised in Siswal and
Kirmara villages of Hisar district it is organised
in the month of Phalgun (February-March).
l Agrasen Jayanti Fair This fair is organised in
Agroha town of Hisar district in the month of
March-April in the memory of Maharaja
Agrasen. This fair is organised for three days.
Agroha is considered the origin place of
Agravanshi Vaishya.
l Navratri Fair This fair is organised in Bass and
Banbhori villages of Hisar district. It is organised
in two months of Hindu Lunar calendar i.e.,
Chaitra (March-April) and Ashvina (June-July).
In this fair, people worship Goddess Durga.
l Kali Devi Fair This fair is organised in Hansi
town of Hisar district in the month of May
when people celebrate the festival of Kali Devi
Puja. This fair is organised in the Kali Mata
temple.
l Gugga Navami Fair This fair is organised in the
month of Bhadrapad (August-September) on
9th day of Shukla Paksha. It is organised in the
memory of Gugga Pir.
389
l Janmashtami Fair This fair is organised in
most of the villages of Hisar district due to
the birthday of Lord Krishna Ji and Guru
Jambheshwar.
Fairs of Jind District
The major fairs organised in Jind district are
as follows :
l Sachcha Sauda Fair This fair is organised in
Singhpura village of Jind district in the
memory of Guru Tegh Bahadur on his birth
anniversary (in Poornima) in the month of
April.
l Ramraihrid Fair This fair is organised in
Ramraihrid village of Jind district. It is
organised in the months of Vaisakha
(April-May) and Kartik (October-November)
on Poornima. People go to Maharishi
Parshuram temple for pooja in this fair.
l Hatkeshwar Fair This fair is organised in
Hat village of Jind district on the last Sunday
of the month of Shravana Shukla Paksha
(July-August).
l Bilsar Fair This fair is organised in
Hansdeher village in Jind district on the day
of Somvati Amavasya.
l Dhamtan Sahib Fair This fair is organised
in Dhamtan village of Jind district at every
month on Amavasya(New Moon). This fair
is a symbol of ‘Hindu-Sikh Unity’.
Fairs of Jhajjar District
The major fairs organised in Jhajjar district are
as follows :
l Gugga Navami Fair This fair is organised at
Bhadli village on 9th day of Krishna Paksha
in Bhadrapad month (August-September).
l Holi/Dhulendi Fair This fair is organised in
Dulhera village of Jhajjar district. It is
organised on the next day of ‘Holika Dahan’
(March-April).
390
l Bhimeshwari Devi Fair This fair is organised
in Beri town of Jhajjar district twice in a year
i.e. in the months of March-April and
September-October.
l Shyamji’s Fair This fair is organised at
Phalgun Shukla Paksha Dwadashi
(February-March) in Dubladhan Majra of
Jhajjar district.
Fairs of Karnal District
The major fairs organised in Karnal district are as
follows :
l Parasar Fair This fair is organised in the
historical place of Taraori in Karnal district. It
is organised in the month of February in which
people worship Lord Shiva.
l Devi Fair This fair is organised in Pathera
village in Karnal district in the month of April.
l Chhadi Fair This fair is organised in Amrapur
village in Karnal district in the month of
September. A ‘holy stick’ is worshipped in this
fair. Sticks are also sold in this fair.
l Baba Simrandas Fair This fair is organised in
Indri city of Karnal district in the month of
October on the mausoleum of Baba
Simrandas.
l Pandu Fair This fair is organised in Paphana
village of Karnal district every month.
l Gugga Pir Fair This fair is organised at Kheda
village on the 9th day in the month of
Bhadrapada (August-September).
Fairs of Kaithal District
The major fairs organised in Kaithal district are
as follows :
l Vaman Dwadashi Fair This fair is organised
on 12th day of Shukla Paksha in month of
Bhadrapad (August-September).
l Dehati Fair This fair is organised in the month
of October in Ludana village. It is very famous
among local people. People perform folk dance
in this fair. It is organised for seven days.
Know Your State Haryana
l Pundrak Fair This fair is organised in Pundari
town of Kaithal district in the month of April.
l Phalgu Fair This fair is organised in Pharal
village of Kaithal district in the month of
Ashvina (September-October).
Fairs of Kurukshetra District
The major fairs organised in Kurukshetra are as
follows:
l Pehowa Fair This fair is organised in Pehowa
town of Kurukshetra district in the month of
March. Somwati Amavasya festival is also
organised at this place.
l Devi Fair This fair is organised in Shahabad
town of Kurukshetra district in the month of
April. Goddess is worshipped by people in
this fair.
l Markanda Fair This fair is organised in
Shahabad town in Kurukshetra district in the
month of April. This place is considered the
hermitage of Markandey Rishi.
l Surya Grahan Fair This fair is organised in
Kurukshetra district on the day of Solar
Eclipse (July) . On this day devotees gather
around and take holy bath. After taking holy
bath they organised devotional acts. This fair
is very famous in all over India and people
from all the states come to join this fair.
l Baisakhi Fair This fair is organised every
year on 13th April with great enthusiasm
and faith.
Fairs of Mahendragarh District
The major fairs organised in Mahendragarh
district are as follows.
l Hanumanji Fair This fair is organised in
Shobhasagar, Narnaul and Dochana villages of
Mahendragarh district. This fair is organised
in the month of Chaitra on Shukla Paksha
(Poornima) March-April.
l Bhura Bhawani Fair This fair is organised on
the 9th day of Navami in the month of
Baisakh (April-May).
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
l Shivji Fair This fair is organised in Bhagot
village of the district in the month of Shravana
on 13th day of Krishna Paksha (July-August) in
the Shiva temple.
l Dhosi Fair This is a huge fair which is
organised at a pilgrimage site on Dhosi hills
near Narnaul city. It is organised every year in
the district. This place is considered the
dwelling place of Maharishi Chyavana.
l Teej Fair This fair is organised in Shravana
month (July-August) on Shukla Tritiya.
Fairs of Mewat District
The major fairs organised in Mewat district are
as follows:
l Shivji Fair This fair is organised in Ferozpur
Jhirka town of Mewat district. It is organised
every year in the month of February.
l Ram Navami Fair This fair is organised in
Ferozpur Jhirka town of Mewat district. It is
organised on the birth anniversary of Lord
Ram in the month of Chaitra (March-April)
on the 9th day Shukla Paksha. Ram Navami is
also related to the end of Navratri of Maa
Durga. It is considered as the biggest festival of
Hindu religion.
l Rawana Fair This fair is organised in Ferozpur
Jhirka town of Mewat district. It is organised
every year on Vijayadashmi
(September-October) as a symbol of victory of
good over evil.
Fairs of Palwal District
The major fairs organised in Palwal district are as
follows :
l Sati Fair This fair is organised near Sati pond
in Hodal town of Palwal district. The fair is
organised right before Basant Panchmi in
January month.
l Raksha Bandhan Fair This fair is organised in
Panchvati area of Palwal district in the month of
Shravana Poornima (July-August). As per
legend, Pandavas spend their days of exile at
this place.
391
l Dauji Fair This fair is organised near Dauji
temple in Banchari village in Palwal district in
the month of August-September. Dauji
temple is dedicated to Lord Balram, the elder
brother of Lord Krishna.
Fairs of Panipat District
The major fairs organised in Panipat district are
as follows :
l Chaitra Mata Fair This fair is organised in
Tewah, Aadmi and Biholi places of Panipat
district. It is organised in the month of
Chaitra (March-April). People worship their
parents and it is also believed that after
worshipping of parents, children remain
safe from diseases like measles and chicken
pox.
l Pathri Mata Fair This fair is organised in Pathri
village of Panipat district. It is organised on every
Wednesday in the months of Chaitra
(March-April) and Asadha (June-July).
Thousands of people came here to fulfil their
wishes.
l Qalandar Shrine Fair This fair is organised
after Ramzan month (July-August) on the day
of ‘Chaand Rat.’ It is organised in the
Qalandar Shrine. A mass prayer is offered in
this fair.
l Shivratri Fair This fair is organised at Bhadar
village in the months of Phalguna and
Shravana on Krishna Paksha teej.
Fairs of Panchkula District
The major fairs organised in Panchkula district
are as follows :
Kali Mai Fair This fair is organised in Kali
Devi temple in Kalka town. It is organised in
the month of Chaitra (March-April) on 4th day
of Shukla Paksha every year. Lakhs of people
come to see this fair. There is a fair like
environment in the Navratras of Chaitra
(March-April) and Ashwin month
(September-October).
392
Fairs of Rewari District
The major fairs organised in Rewari district are
as follows :
l Basant Panchmi Fair This fair is organised in
Kathuwas village in Rewari district in the
month of Magh (January-February) on 5th day
of Shukla Paksha.
l Baba Suraj Giri Historical Fair This fair is
organised in Khori village in Rewari district. It
is organised in the month of Chaitra
(March-April) on Krishna Paksha Pratham.
l Baba Pir Fair This fair is organised in Bikaner
village in Rewari district. It is organised in the
month of Chaitra (March-April) on 14th day
of Krishna Paksha (Chaturdashi).
l Gugga Navami Fair This fair is organised in
Dharuhera town. It is organised in the month
of Chaitra (March-April) on 9th day of
Krishna Paksha.
l Shivratri Fair This fair is organised at
Kharagwas, Chimnawas and Kanhori villages
in Haryana. It is organised in the month
Phalguna (February-March) on 13th day of
Krishna Paksha.
Fairs of Rohtak District
l Shivratri Fair This fair is organised at Kiloi in
the month of Phalgun (February-March) and
Shravana (July-August).
l Teej Fair This fair is organised in the month of
Shravana (July-August) on Shukla Paksha.
l Janmashtami Fair This fair is organised in the
month of Bhadrapad (August-September) on
8th day of Krishna Paksha.
Fairs of Sirsa District
The major fairs organised in Sirsa district are
follows:
l Ganga-Gaur Fair or Ganagaur Fair This fair
is organised in the month of Chaitra
(March-April) on Shukla Paksha from 3rd to
5th day. Ganga-Gaur is worshipped in this fair.
Know Your State Haryana
l Ramdevji Fair This fair is organised in
Girorani and Kaagdana of Sirsa district. This
fair is organised at Baba Ramdev temple in
Pratapgarh. Large number of devotees come
here to pray for prosperity in their family. It is
organised in the month of Magha
(January-February) on 10th day of Shukla
Paksha.
l Radhaswami Fair This fair is organised in
Sikandarpur area of the district in the months
of March and September.
l Guru Nanak Dev Fair This fair is organised
in Chaurmar area of the district in the month
of Ashvina (Poornima). It is very important
for the religious point of view.
l Teej Fair This fair is organised in Sirsa district
in the month of Shravan (July-August) on
Shukla Paksha Teej.
l Baba Bhuman Shah Fair This fair is
organised at Mangala, Maujdeen, Mallewala
and Gidrawala villages in Sirsa, Haryana on
the occasion of Sankranti.
l Mela Sacha Sauda This fair is organised at
sirsa town on the last Sunday and at Shahpur
Begu and Jagmalwali on first Sunday of every
month. This fair is celebrated in the memory
of Faqir Shah Mastana who preached
thankfulness and fair dealings.
l Baisakhi Fair It is organised at Sirsa town on
the day of Baisakhi (13th April) with full zeal
which reflects the joy among peasantry in
particular and masses in general. On this day
a fair known as Mela Baba Boota Singh is also
organised at Suehan (Mandi) in the memory
of the Baba.
l Mela Shah-Bu-Shah A fair is organised at
Panihari on Bhadon month
(August-September). It is celebrated in the
memory of Muslim Saint Shah-Bu-Shah.
People worship the samadhi of the saint on
this day.
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana
Fairs of Sonipat District
The major fairs organised in Sonipat district are
as follows :
l Dera Nagn Balaknath Fair This fair is
organised in Rabhra village in Sonipat district
in the month of Phalgun (February-March) on
9th day of Shukla Paksha.
l Baba Ramakshah Fair This fair is organised in
Khubru village in Sonipat district. It is
organised on Pooranmasi in the month of
Phalguna (February-March). Baba Ramakshah
was Saint of Sayyed Community who
treated people with herbs. After his death,
his grave was made by Hindu-Muslim
devotees.
l Satkumbha Fair This fair is organised in
Khedi Gujjar village in Sonipat district. It is
organised on the last Sunday in the month of
Shravana (July-August).
l Raksha Bandhan Fair This fair is organised in
Sonipat district on Poornima in the month of
Shravana (July-August). Many traditional
games are organised in this fair, e.g. archery,
wrestling, music and dance, etc.
l Navaratri Devi Fair This fair is organised in
Rabhra village of Gohana tehsil in Sonipat. It
is organised on Navaratri in the months of
Chaitra (March-April) on 8th day of Shukla
Paksha.
Fairs of Yamunanagar District
The major fair organised in Yamunanagar
district is as follows :
l Gopal-Mochan Fair This fair is organised in
Jagadhri tehsil near Bilaspur in Yamunanagar
district in the month of Kartik
(October-November) on the Gopal Mochan
tank. It is believed that after taking a holy dip
in this sacred tank people get rid of all their
problems due to sins.
l According to a legend, Lord Shiva also took
bath in this sacred tank. The Rin Mochan is
393
another water tank situated close to the Gopal
Mochan tank. A gurdwara named Kapal
Mochan is also establised here in the memory
of Guru Gobind Singh ji.
Fairs of Fatehabad District
Dussehra Fair This fair is organised in
Fatehabad district on the day of Vijayadashami.
Other Important Fairs of Haryana
Some of the important fairs organised by
Haryana Government are discussed below:
Pinjore Mango Fair
l This fair is organised at the Yadavendra
Gardens in Pinjore, Panchkula. The Mango fair
in Haryana takes place in the months of June or
July. This mango fair has been organising since
1992 by Haryana Tourism Department.
l During the Mango fair in Haryana, many
different varieties of mangoes from all over
India, from states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh
and Haryana and also from states like
Himachal Pradesh and Punjab are exhibited
there.
l There is also a competition organised between
mango growers from all over the country who
enter their prized fruits at the competition
during the Mango Fair.
l This fair offers an ideal platform to
display and sell their mangoes and mango
products.
l Various activities, competitions and cultural
programmes are organised in this fair.
Surya Grahan Fair
lThis fair is organised in Kurukshetra district
of Haryana.
lBrahma Sarovar mythological shrine is located
in Kurukshetra which is believed to be built by
Lord Brahma himself. Here, a huge fair is
organised on the occasion of Solar Eclipse,
Somvati Amavasya and Makar Sankranti.
394
l This fair is well-known internationally. Foreign
devotees also come to this fair. Many religious
programmes are also organised in this fair.
International Fairs of Haryana
International fairs of Haryana are as follows:
International Gita Festival
l This festival is celebrated in the month of
Margashirsha (November-December) on 11th
day of Shukla Paksha. Haryana Government
organised this festival at the Brahma Sarovar,
located in Kurukshetra every year.
l The festival is being celebrated globally from
2017. In the year 2017, this festival was
celebrated in Kurukshetra from 17th November
to 3rd December.
l This festival is organised collectively by
Kurukshetra Development Board, Haryana
Tourism Department, District Administration,
North Regional Cultural Centre Patiala and
Information and Public Relations Department.
l Around 18000 verses of Gita are recited by
saints in this festival. Along with this, many
economic, cultural and spiritual programmes are
organised here.
Know Your State Haryana
Surajkund International Craft Fair
lThis fair is organised at a place called
Surajkund in Faridabad district. The
fortnight-long fair takes place every year in
the month of February.
lFor the first time in the year 1987,
Surajkund fair was organised to promote
Indian handicraft.
lIn the year 2013, this fair was given the
status of International fair.
lThe fair lasts for 15 days, in which various
products of handicraft are displayed.
lIt is one of the largest art fairs in the world.
The purpose of this fair is to promote Indian
handicrafts.
lThis fair is organised by the Tourism
Department of the Government of
Haryana and Surajkund fair authority in
collaboration with the Central Tourism
Department, Ministry of Textiles and
Ministry of Culture.
lThis fair has a great significance or it
promotes the India’s culture and encourages
all the local artisans to showcase their skills.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Festivals in Haryana are celebrated on the 9. On the occasion of Raksha Bandhan, Baba
basis of which samvat? Kheda fair is organised in which district of
(a) Shaka Samvat (b) Vikram Samvat Haryana?
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these [HSSC 2019, Haryana Lab Attendant 2018]
2. Nav Samvatsar Utsav is celebrated in (a) Ambala (b) Bhiwani
which month of Indian New Year in (c) Kurukshetra (d) Panipat
Haryana? 10. Which form of Gugga Pir is accepted in
(a) Chaitra (b) Phalguna Haryana?
(c) Magha (d) Shravana (a) Guru Gugga (b) Bagad Wala Pir
3. Which of the following festival is celebrated (c) Zahar Pir (d) All of these
after 6 days of Nav Samvatsar Utsav and is 11. Which of the following animal is worshipped
also known as ‘Basoda’? as a part of the celebration of Guga Navami
(a) Sili Sate (b) Bhadliya Navami festival? [HSSC 2020]
(c) Teej (d) Saloni (a) Cow (b) Snake
4. Ram Navami is celebrated in Bhaindoli (c) Elephant (d) Peacock
village with great zeal. This village is 12. Which festival is celebrated on Shukla
located in which district of Haryana? Paksha in the month of Kartik?
(a) Gurugram (b) Faridabad (a) Shiv Chaudas (b) Basant Panchmi
(c) Hisar (d) Jind (c) Dev Uthani Gyaras (d) Saloni
5. Which festival is the most important and 13. Which festival is also known as Giridih in
delightful festival of Shravana month in Haryana?
Haryana? (a) Dhanteras (b) Diwali
(a) Teej (b) Bhadliya Navami (c) Chhoti Diwali (d) Bhai Dooj
(c) Janmashtami (d) Saloni
14. Bhai Dooj is celebrated in which month in
6. Teej festival is celebrated in which month in
Haryana?
Haryana? [HSSC 2016] (a) Kartik (b) Magha
(a) Kartik (b) Phalguna
(c) Margashirsha (d) Phalguna
(c) Shravana (d) Baisakh
15. Which Sikh Guru was born in Kartik
7. The festival which is celebrated on Shukla
Purnima?
Paksha in the month of Shravana is known
(a) Guru Nanak Dev Ji
as ..... [Haryana Lab Attendant 2018]
(b) Saint Ravidas
(a) Gugga Navami (b) Sanjhi (c) Saint Kabir
(c) Teej (d) Govardhan Puja (d) Guru Gobind Singh Ji
8. ‘Kothli’ gift is given in which festival in 16. Makar Sankranti is celebrated in which
Haryana? [HSSC Shift Attendant 2016] month? [HSSC Shift Attendant 2016]
(a) Diwali (b) Holi (a) January (b) December
(c) Teej (d) Makar Sankranti (c) February (d) March
396 Know Your State Haryana

17. Which festival is know as ‘Festival of 27. In which fast women eat ‘Sargi’ in Haryana?
Changing Season’ and ‘festival of donation’ (a) Sankat Chauth
in Haryana? [TGT 2016] (b) Karwa Chauth
(a) Makar Sankranti (b) Holi (c) Shri Krishna Janmashtami
(c) Diwali (d) Baisakhi (d) All of the above
18. Which of the following festivals is not 28. Vamana Dwadashi fair is held in which
celebrated in Haryana? [HSSC 2020] month in Haryana?
(a) Lohri (b) Holi (a) Shravana (b) Bhado/Bhadrapad
(c) Onam (d) Baisakhi (c) Baisakh (d) Magha

19. Which festival is celebrated in Haryana on 29. Ajat fair is held in which district of
the harvest of Rabi Crops? Haryana?
(a) Lohri (b) Baisakhi (a) Bhiwani (b) Hisar
(c) Gurpurab (d) None of these (c) Yamunanagar (d) Kurukshetra
20. Which day is celebrated as Gurpurab in 30. A grand fair dedicated to Sage Chyavan is
Haryana? organised in which place in Haryana?
(a) Kartik Purnima (b) Magha Purnima [HSSC 2016]
(c) Ashwin Purnima (d) Shravana Purnima (a) Harthal (b) Morni hills
(c) Dhosi hills (d) Mohali
21. Which deity is worshipped in Chamahi
Atham Sanjhi? 31. Dhosi pilgrimage is associated with which
(a) Goddess Sanjhi (b) Shiva of the following sages?
(c) Vishnu (d) All of these [Haryana Sub-Inspector 2018]
(a) Vishwamitra (b) Bhrigu
22. Nirjala Gyas festival is celebrated in which
(c) Chyavan (d) None of these
month of Hindi calender? [Patwari 2015]
(a) Vaisaha (b) Chaitra 32. Shergarh holy place is associated with
(c) Jyestha (d) Phalguna which of the following sages?
23. Odhdwas and Doobri festivals are related to (a) Kartikeya (b) Ganesh
(c) Brahma (d) Shiva
which of the following?
(a) Cow worship 33. The hermitage of Dadhichi is situated on
(b) Shiva worship the banks of which river?
(c) Agriculture worship (a) Saraswati (b) Yamuna
(d) None of these (c) Markanda (d) Tangri
24. Which of the following is known as ‘Jayanti’ 34. A fair dedicated to Baba Suraj Giri is
in Haryana? organised in which district of Haryana?
(a) Durga Vrat (a) Rewari (b) Sonipat (c) Rohtak (d) Karnal
(b) Sankat Chauth
35. In which district of Haryana Mohandas fair
(c) Shri Krishna Janmashtami
(d) Gopashtami
is organised?
(a) Gurugram (b) Karnal
25. Ahoi Aathe is associated with ........... . (c) Panipat (d) Sonipat
(a) Ahoi Mata (b) Sankat Chauth
36. In the memory of which of the following
(c) Karwa Chauth (d) Gopashtami
saints two fairs are ogranised every year in
26. Fast of Gopashtami is observed in which the months of Baisakh and Magh in
month in Haryana? Haryana?
(a) Magha (January-February) (a) Baba Vanadev
(b) Ashwin (September-October) (b) Baba Ramgir
(c) Kartik (October-November) (c) Saint Ramadas
(d) Chaitra (March-April) (d) Baba Sarsai Nath
Fairs and Festivals of Haryana 397

37. Naktadev fair is organised in which district 47. Which of the following fairs are held at
of Haryana? Charkhi-Dadri district of Haryana?
(a) Sonipat (b) Kurukshetra (a) Janmashtami
(c) Hisar (d) Jind (b) Dussehra
(c) Sati fair
38. Which fair is organised in Asoda Todram in
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Jhajjar district of Haryana?
(a) Baba Zinda (b) Budha Baba 48. Kalka fair is held in which of the following
(c) Baba Joharnath (d) Baba Gudari districts of Haryana? [PGT 2016]
(a) Faridabad (b) Fatehabad
39. Baba Mastnath fair is held in which month (c) Gurugram (d) All of these
in Rohtak?
49. Kartik cultural fair is held at which district
(a) January-February (b) March-April
of Haryana?
(c) April-May (d) October-November
(a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram
40. Which fair is organised in the memory of a (c) Jind (d) Palwal
sage in the month of Phalgun in Rohtak? 50. Sheetala Mata fair is held in which district
[Haryana Panchayat Officer 2017] of Haryana?
(a) Baba Mastnath (a) Gurugram (b) Ambala
(b) Saint Haridas (c) Bhawani (d) Faridabad
(c) Guru Gorakhnath
(d) Baba Chauranginath 51. Shahchokha Khori Fair is held in which
district of Haryana?
41. A fair of Parmanandi sect is organised in (a) Palwal (b) Sonipat
which month of Haryana?
(c) Rohtak (d) Gurugram
(a) July-August (b) January-February
(c) March-April (d) May-June 52. Sachcha Sauda Fair is celebrated in which
district of Haryana?
42. In whose memory a fair is organised in
(a) Jind (b) Faridabad
Surkhpur Veeran in Jhajjar district of
(c) Gurugram (d) Panipat
Haryana?
(a) Baba Gulab Gir (b) Baba Naga 53. Which of the following fairs is a symbol of
(c) Baba Chhillardas (d) Baba Jotnath Hindu-Sikh Unity’?
(a) Sachcha Sauda fair (b) Dhamtan Sahib fair
43. Kali Mai fair is held in which month of
Hindu calender? (c) Ramraihad fair (d) None of these
(a) Chaitra (b) Phalguna 54. Dhulendi fair is held in which district of
(c) Bhaado (d) Vaisakha Haryana?
44. Sharda Devi fair is held in which district of (a) Jhajjar (b) Hisar
Haryana? [HSSC 2016] (c) Faridabad (d) Ambala
(a) Palwal (b) Sonipat 55. In which fair of Haryana a ‘holy stick’ is
(c) Ambala (d) Yamunanagar worshipped by its people?
(a) Pandu fair (b) Gugga Pir fair
45. A fair which is held in Ambala district in
(c) Chhadi fair (d) Devi fair
the month of Shravana is .......... .
(a) Teej fair 56. Pehowa fair is organised in which district of
(b) Vaman Dwadashi fair Haryana?
(c) Gugga Navami fair (a) Sirsa (b) Kurukshetra
(d) All of the above (c) Karnal (d) Panipat
46. Sati fair is held in which district of 57. Hanumanji fair is held in which district of
Haryana? Haryana?
(a) Ambala (b) Bhiwani (a) Mahendragarh (b) Panipat
(c) Faridabad (d) Charkhi-Dadri (c) Bhiwani (d) Gurugram
398 Know Your State Haryana

58. Which of the following fair is a symbol of 65. Pinjore Mango festival is being organised
victory of good over evil? since which year in Haryana?
(a) Rawana fair (b) Shivaji fair (a) 2016 (b) 2017 (c) 2000 (d) 1992
(c) Sati fair (d) Mata fair
66. Surya Grahan fair is organised in which
59. Kali Mai fair is held in which place of
Haryana? district of Haryana?
(a) Panchkula (b) Bhiwani (a) Kurukshetra (b) Yamunanagar
(c) Jind (d) Gurugram
(c) Charkhi Dadri (d) Faridabad
67. Surajkund International Fair is organised
60. Basant Panchmi fair is held in which place
of Haryana? in which district of Haryana? [HSSC 2015]
(a) Rewari (b) Bhiwani (a) Gurugram (b) Faridabad
(c) Rewari (d) Sonipat
(c) Ambala (d) Gurugram
68. Surajkund International Fair is a colourful
61. Which of the following fairs is/are held in
Sirsa district? Indian craft fair, held every year in the
(a) Ganga-Gaur fair month of ............... .
(b) Teej fair [Haryana Tehsil Welfare Officer 2018]
(c) Baba Sarsai Nath fair (a) January (b) February
(c) March (d) April
(d) All of the above
69. When was the first time the Surajkund
62. Satkumbha fair is held in which place of
Haryana? [Haryana Junior Engineer 2018] International Crafts Mela was held?
(a) Sonipat (b) Bhiwani [HSSC 2020]
(c) Ambala (d) Faridabad (a) 1957 (b) 1967 (c) 1997 (d) 1987

63. Which of the following fairs is held in 70. Which of the following is the largest craft
Yamunanagar district of Haryana? fair in the world?
[TGT 2016] (a) Kartik cultural fair
(a) Gopal-Mochan fair (b) Surajkund craft fair
(b) Sili Sate (c) Kanha Gaushala fair
(c) Gugga Navami fair (d) None of the above
(d) Bhimeshwari fair 71. All of the artists and craft men of India
64. Among the following which is a mela/fair participate in which fair of Haryana?
that takes place in Haryana? [HSSC 2020] [HSSC 2016]
(a) Kumbh Mela (a) Surajkund Craft Fair
(b) Sonepur Mela (b) Kurukshetra Surya Grahan Fair
(c) Gopal Mochan Fair (c) Balram garh Kartik Fair
(d) Pushkar Fair (d) Kalesar Fair

Answers
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (a)
21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (c)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (a) 42. (c) 43. (a) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (a) 49. (a) 50. (a)
51. (d) 52. (a) 53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (c) 56. (b) 57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (a) 60. (a)
61. (d) 62. (a) 63. (a) 64. (c) 65. (d) 66. (a) 67. (b) 68. (b) 69. (d) 70. (b)
71. (a)
CHAPTER 25
Cultural Heritage
of Haryana
l Cultural Heritage is an expression of the ways
of living developed by a community and
passed on from Generation to Generation.
l People of Haryana reflect their culture through
their different colourful costumes and
ornaments. Women wear very colourful attires
which make them more elegant and beautiful
whereas men’s costumes are very simple but
graceful.
Men’s Traditional Costumes
The traditional costumes of men of Haryana are
as follows:
l Pagri It is also known as ‘Paagadi’ ‘Pagdhar’
and ‘Saafi’ in Haryanvi language. It is less
broad but exceptionally long fabric which is
enfolded around head in Marwari style.
Rajputi style Pagadi is known as ‘Paag’. It is
the sign of ‘Pride’ for the people of Haryana.
l However in recent times, only the older men
are found wearing pagris.
l Safa It is also a king of Pagri specially tied by
soldiers in a distinct pattern.
l Muretha It is a type of cap which is worn in
Haryana by menfolk.
l Guliband Muffler is known as ‘Guliband’ or
‘Gulband’ in Haryana. It is made of wool
which is worn around neck. It is an important
attire of winters.
l Mirjai Mirjai is a modified form of flowing
robe (known as jama) fastened on the right.
The Mirjai is an under Jacket with long loose
sleeves and open cuffs.
l Angarakha It is long Kalidar garment. It looks
like of old courtesy manner and wear by most
of the people of the state. It can be both short
or long.
l Kamari It is generally a half sleeved waistline
Jacket. It is worn by old age people.
l Khes It is a coarse hand woven voluminous
cotton sheet which is worn during winters by
menfolk.
l Kurta and Kameez Kurta is also known as
‘Kudta’ in local language. It is a long shirt
without collar. It is mainly worn with dhoti or
payjama.
l Chaddar It is tied around the waist and is also
called chadra. It is also kept on shoulders and
considered a mark of honour and respect.
Sisters, newly wed brides bring Chaddar for
important menfolk of their family.
l Blanket/Woollen Sheet or Dushala It is a very
thick sheet which is mainly worn by old age
people and peasant class during winters.
400
l Dohar It is a fine hand woven large sized
cotton sheet, which is also known as ‘Dhor’.
It is worn during winters by menfolk.
l Dhoti It is a main attire of men of Haryana.
White Cotton Dhoti is basically worn by
menfolks.
l Khandwa It is a type of Pagari which is
worn by old age people of Haryana. It is
considered a symbol of prestige.
l Jutis Traditional footwear of Haryana is
called Juti. They are similar to ‘Mojaris’.
They are made of leather and various
designs with golden and silver silk threads
are made on them. These are popular in
Rohtak, Kalanaur, Jind and Julana.
Women’s Traditional Costumes
The traditional costumes of women of
Haryana are as follows:
lKoti It is a cut sleeved or sleeved jacket for
women.
lKamari It is half or full sleeved jacket
normally worn by girls.
lKameez This is a long straight kurta with
collar worn by women in Haryana.
lAngia It is made of cotton and wear under
kameez or suit by women of Haryana.
lOdhani It is also known as Odhani which
is worn by womenfolks on their head.The
corners of Odhani are often decorated with
golden laces.
lChundhri It is a thin muslin Odhani which
is dyed with red colour on edges and has
blue colour in the middle part.
lGumati It is a coloured cotton Odhani
embroidered with silk bundi work.
lChhyama It is a type of Odhani with yellow
pat Kashidkari embroidery.
lDimach It is silk Odhani which is gifted in
marriages to the bride.
Know Your State Haryana
l Sopali It is a dark red coloured Odhani which
has prints on its edges. It is considered ‘Manglik
Odhani’.
l Dukaniya It is a type of Odhana which is made
of dark red coloured khaddar fabric with
yellow thread embroidery work. Embroidery
work is done only on its edges.It is also called
Dubla.
l Lahariya It is a type of dyed Odhana which is
prepared by ‘Bhandej method’.
l Peeliya This Odhani has red edges with large
prints on its central part. It is sent by parents to
their daughter after birth of a male child. ‘Kuwa
Poojan’ ceremony is done by wearing this
Odhani.
l Mandiya It is a thin Odhana which is dyed on
edges with blue or black colour.
l Bol It is a type of cotton Odhana which is
prepared by silk pattidar embroidery.
l Kangh It is a deep red coloured Odhana and has
lots of different embroidery pattern in it.
l Phulkari Odhani with box like phulkari work is
known as ‘Phulkari’. It has dense embroidery
work. Phulkari is an art of making shawl.
l Borda It is a floral printed long skirt (Ghagra)
which is made of khaddar fabric.
l Daaman It is a type of Ghagra which is worn
by women. It is made of red or black cotton
fabric.
▲ WOMEN OF HARYANA IN THEIR TRADITONAL DRESS
Cultural Heritage of Haryana
l Leh It is a blue coloured Ghagra, which is
embroidered by blue and yellow coloured
yarns.
l Kairi It is a type of Ghagra which is made of
blue khaddar along with red tika work.
▲ HARYANA WOMEN SHOWING THEIR KAIRI
l Gulda Ki Leh It is a type of Ghagra made of
dyed khaddar by Bandhai method.
l Khara It is a type of khaddar Ghagra which is
woven by a combination of four red and four
blue threads, without Kali work.
l Chand Tara Ghagra It is made of khaddar
(Duff ) fabric. It is printed with stars and new
moon.
Traditional Costumes for Children
l Phargal It is cap worn by children during
winter season. The cap has colourful frills.
l Jhugla It is also called ‘Jhagla’ and is worn by
infants and babies. It is made of cotton.
Traditional Ornaments of Haryana
l Haryana is well-known for its jewellery, crafted
in silver, gold, bone and lac. Folk jewellery
follows traditional designs which have
remained unaltered.
l Techniques of ornamentation like repousse,
chase, filigree and enamelling are common here.
l People in Haryana wear ornaments as per their
tradition, rituals, beliefs and lifestyle.
401
Ornaments Worn on Feet
lPayal It is also called Payjeb, Ramjhol, etc. It
produces a tinkling sound and is worn on the
ankle.
lTanka It is made up of silver and round in
shape. It sounds sweetly.
lAawla It is silver or golden ornament worn on
the ankle.
lKadi and Chalakde These are ring shaped
silver ornament. These are worn in foot above
the ankle.
lEarlier women used to wear them in their
foot under the Daman, the traditional
costumes of Haryana. Kadi is heavy jewellery
while chalakde are light in weight.
lGalya It is broad ring made of silver
worn on toes.
lJhanjhar It is an anklet that is broader
than payal.
lNewari It is a ring shaped silver ornament
which is worn by women in feet. It makes
sound of Ghunghru.
lPagpan It is an anklet and a toe ring
connected with a thin chain. Brides wear it.
lPali It is made of silver and worn on top
of Newari.
lBichhiya/Bichhudi It is a silver ornament
which is worn by married women in their
toes.
lHirnami It is made of silver and worn on feet.
lToda/Langer It is made by tying silver wires
and is worn like a large anklet.
lNazariyan It is worn in feet. It is made
of silver.
lGajriyan It is worn by women in their feet. It
is made of silver.
lChhail Kada It is made of silver and worn on
the upper part of ankle. It is smaller than the
Bangle of hands.
402
Ornaments Worn on Hands, Arms and
Fingers
l Tadiya It is worn on arms. It is a heavy
jewellery made of silver.
l Aarsi It is a finger ring which has a mirror in it.
It is worn by women in their right hand thumb.
l Kangni It is a light Kangan which is worn on
wrists.
l Kangan It is worn by women on their wrists.
l Dastband It is worn by women in their hands.
l Kadulla It is worn by women in their arms.
l Hathphool It is a bracelet that have rings and is
connected with a chain. Women worn this on
wedding day or some special occasion.
l It is worn in all fingers of both hands. The
design is totally traditional. It is very popular
ornament. But today the gems and kundan
work hathphool had replaced this gold
hathphool.
l Anant It is worn on the arms and has a design
of cobra snake made on it.
l Gajra It is tightly worn on the wrist by women.
l Chhan-Kangan It is worn by women in their
hands. It makes sound when struck together.
l Tadiye Generally it is made of silver or gold
metal, worn in the arms and a tinkling bell
hangs
l Langar It is a hand ornament made of broad
silver wires tied together.
l Patla It is broader than bangles and worn
on wrists.
l Ponche These are bangles which are worn by
woman on their wrist. These bangles have small
round shaped balls on them.
l These are really beautiful and popular
even today.
l Nogri It is a bangle made of pearls. Women
worn it in the middle of bangles.
Know Your State Haryana
l Gokhru It is like a bangle made of gold
or silver.
l Chuud It is a broad bracelet made of solid
gold.
l Daman It is a ring that can be worn on two
fingers together.
l Mudrika It is a ring that has a precious stone.
l Bajuband It is also known as ‘Bajuband’,
‘Bajuphal’ and ‘Baju bank’ in Haryana.
Ornaments Worn on Ears, Nose and
Forehead
lKaranphool Women wear it in lower part of
their earlobes. It is mainly made of gold or
silver.
lPhool It is worn by women on their head. It
is made of gold or silver.
lSingar Patti It is also called kori, jura, viralta,
bandini, etc. and is worn on the head.
lTika/Mang Tika It is worn on the head and
hangs till the forehead. It is composed of a
chain with a hook and a beautiful pendant
on the other.
lSahr and Borla The Haryanavi bride wears
Borla and Sahr on her head. Sahr is silver
jewellery which is attached with the Borla.
Borla is spherically shaped with a string
of gold.
lThese are heavy jewellery. Now the Haryanvi
bride has switched to Mang Tika which is
made of gold with red, green stones.
lSheesh Phool It is worn by women on
their head.
lJhumka It is worn in the lower part of the
ears and are generally dangling.
lNath It is worn by women in their nose. It is
made of gold. Haryanvi brides look beautiful
and elegant in this jewellery.
lPurli It is worn by women of Haryana in
their nose. It is made of gold.
Cultural Heritage of Haryana
l Balaak It is worn in the septum (nose). It is
made of gold with gems studded in the
bottom.
l Chhaj It is a ornament made of silver or
gold. It is worn by womenfolk on their
forehead.
l Patri It is an amulet which is worn on neck.
It is worn by both men and women.
l Koka It is also known as ‘Long’ in local
language. It is a grain sized ornament
which is made of gold, silver or diamond. It
is worn by women in their nose.
l Boojali It is worn by women in their ears.
It is made of silver or gold.
l Modh It is worn by both bride and
bridegroom during marriage. It runs from
ears to the forehead and like a crown.
l Maimad Women wear it on the forehead.
l Gofan Women wear it in their hair.
l Jhumki It is just like jhumka but the
danglers consist of tiny bells.
l Ooganya This ornament is worn by
women on the upper part of their ear.
l Kudak Children wear this in their ears, it is
very thin gold or silver wire.
l Magar and Kundal These earrings are
made of gold. Many women wear them in
their daily use and they prefer the
traditional designs.
l Bhawra It is worn by women on their nose
and is much bigger than laung (nospin).
l Nakesar It is worn usually by unmarried
girls in their nose, it is a very thin wire
made of gold or silver with a pearl in the
centre.
l Rakhdi It is a round ornament made of
gold, worn by women on the parting of
their hair, hanging towards their forehead.
l Ognya It is worn by women on the upper
portion of the ear. It is made of gold or
silver and has designed like betel leaf.
403
l Bessar It is a nose ornament which is also called
chholi nath.
l Gurda It is golden ornament for ear.
Ornaments Worn on the Neck
lGalshri It is also known as ‘Galsri’. It is a neck
ornament. It is made of three or five lines of gold
thick beads which are stitched on a cotton fabric
strip. The design is antique.
lChandan Haar It is worn by women which also
covers their chest. It is also known as ‘Raani
Haar’. It is made by many golden threads which
are linked by rectangular or circular pieces.
lGulband It is worn by women around their neck.
It is made on a gold strip which has small and
golden beads with flower petal design.
lHasla, Panchmora Hasla is heavy jewellery which
meant for the brides and given to them at the
time of their marriage. It is made of gold which is
heavy but loose around the neck. Panchmora is
usually worn by women who are married.
lKanthi Gold ornament worn around the neck
and has very small hangings carved in the shape
of leaves.
lKanthla Gold ornament worn around the neck of
small children.
lMohan Maala It is also known as ‘Matarmaala’. It
is made of gold with peas shaped beads. It is worn
by women on traditional occasions.
lJhalra It is a long necklace (haar) which is made
of silver coins. These coins are linked together
with a gap of 3-4 inches.
lKhungali or Hansli It is made of silver or gold
which is worn by women around their neck. It
keeps safe the neck bone (Hanseli). It is also
known as ‘Hansla’.
lPatri It is used by both men and women folk. This
neck ornament has design of betel or shahtoot leaf.
lHamel It is a traditional ornament for neck.
lRam Navami Jewellery It is made of gold. It is
long heavy ornament for neck.
lTussi It is like a necklace but is heavier than it.
404
l Aad It is a gold ornament given to the bride by
her in-laws.
l Mantilaya It is an amulet worn around the
neck by tying it with a thick black thread.
Ornaments Tied around the Waist
lTagari or Tagdi It is bread chain with
beautiful designs on it, made of gold or silver
and tied around the waist.
lNaara It is a silver fuzzy ornament which is
worn with Ghagra.
lSatka It is usually a golden or silver ornament
with hanging keys. Women tuck one end of
this on their waist cloth.
lKandora It is made of gold or silver and worn
by women on their waists. The designs are
more complex and intricate than Tagari.
lPallu It is a silver ornament which is tied with
edge of Odhana by women.
Men’s Ornaments
lGofya It is a gold necklace (Haar) which is
worn by men around their neck.
lMurki It is a studd which is worn in ears by
menfolk.
lKathla It is a gold ornament which is worn by
men around their neck.
lZanjira It is an ornament which is worn by
men in their ears.
lChauth It is an ornament worn by men on
their waists.
lPatri It is an ornament worn by men on their
neck.
Popular Foods in Haryana
l The food of Haryana has a certain relationship
with the land itself. The food of Haryana has
evolved out of their culture.
l Haryana is famous for its cattle wealth. People
prepare ghee and butter at home and use it
abundantly in their daily diet. Fresh vegetables
are taken darily.
Know Your State Haryana
Some of the relished dishes of Haryana are
discussed here:
l Kachri Ki Chutney Kachri is a vegetable of
cucumber variety and is round in shape,
brown or green in colour. A chutney (sweet
and sour sauce) is made of Kachri by mixing
and grinding it with garlic, onion, aniseed,
cumin seeds, etc.
l Mixed Dal It is a staple diet of Haryana. It
consists of a mixture of 4-5 lentils. It is prepared
in Desi ghee and eaten with rice or roti.
l Bajra Aloo Roti It is a staple diet of Haryana.
It is prepared with a mix of bajra flour, mashed
potatoes, ginger, garlic, onion and spices. The
rotis are served hot with butter on top.
l Alsi Ki Pinni It is a popular sweet prepared
with gram alsi seeds (flax seed), flour, sugar,
ghee and nuts. It is eaten in winters.
l Malpua It is an Indian version of sweet
pancakes. They are fluffy and are served hot.
Malpua is made and garnished in ghee. It is
very popular in Haryana.
l Bathua Raita It is a yogurt recipe in which
fresh Bathua leaves are added along with
cumin powder, red chilli and salt.
l Besan Masala Roti It is a roti made up of
gram flour (besan), wheat flour, ghee, mango
powder (aamchur) and other spices. It is
served with curd or raita.
l Kadhi Pakora It is a famous dish of Haryana.
It is generally eaten with rice. Kadhi is the
gravy made from sour yoghurt and is
thickened using gram flour. Fried pakoras are
added to the kadhi making it very delicious.
l Methi Gajar It is a delicious spicy dish with a
little sweetness to it. Methi (fenugreek leaves)
and gaajar (carrots) are tossed in which various
spices, garam masala, salt and a pinch of sugar.
It is consumed with any Indian bread.
l Bajara Khichri It is very famous in Haryana.
In this instead of rice Bajra is used in its
preparation.
Cultural Heritage of Haryana
Prevailing Omen and Bad Omen in
Haryana
Omen
An omen is an event or a sign of something good
to happen before starting a work or journey.
Some of these are given below:
l Hiran Darshan, efnjCe oMe&ve (Seeing a deer)
During foreign journey, a deer crosses the way
or runs from left to right. In the local language,
it is called as ‘Hiran Ki Bukkal Kholna’.
l Kowe Ka Bolna, keâewS keâe yeesuevee (Crow making a
sound) When a crow makes sound while sitting
on the roof it is considered a sign of coming of
a guest.
l Paani Bhara Ghada, heeveer Yeje IeÌ[e (Seeing a
filled pitcher) It is a considered good to see a
water beaver girl (Paniharin) along with a filled
pitcher outside the home.
l Brahaman Kanya Ka Darshan, yeÇeÿeCe keâvÙee keâe
oMe&ve (To see a Brahmin girl) To see a Brahmin
girl early in the morning is considered good.
l Hatheli Ka Khujlana, nLesueer keâe Kegpeueevee (Itching
on palm) It is a sign of gaining wealth when a
man has itching on his right palm and women
on her left palm.
l Juti Pe Juti Chadhna, petleer Hes petleer ÛeÌ{vee (Sandals
above one another) When a sandal is one above
the other sandal, it is expected that the person
may go for a long journey.
l Aankh Ka Phadakna, DeeBKe keâe HeâÌ[keâvee
(Twitching of eye) It is considered a good sign
when right eye of a man and left eye of a woman
twitches.
l Dahi Athwa Chandi Ka Sikka, oner DeLeJee ÛeeBoer
keâe efmekeäkeâe (Curd and silver coin) To see curd or
silver coin in the morning.
l Billi Ka Muh Dhona, eqyeuueer keâe cegBn (Face of a
cat) To see a cat while washing face in the early
morning. It is a sign of coming of a loved one.
405
l Doob Ka Darshan, otye keâe oMe&ve (Seeing green
grass) To see green grass (doob) after getting
up from bed. It is considered to be a
pleasant day.
l Sadhwa Darshan, meOeJee oMe&ve (Meeting a
married woman) To meet a fully make-up
married woman in the way is considered
auspicious.
l Hast Darshan, nmle oMe&ve (Seeing own hands)
After getting up in the morning without
seeing anybody’s face, to see own hands in the
form of Anjali is considered auspicious (the
cup-shaped hollow formed by the joining of
the two palms together).
l Bhishti Ka Jal Liye Milna, eqYe<šer keâe peue efueS
efceuevee (Meeting a bearer with filled pitcher)
To meet a water bearer with filled pitcher.
l Roti Ka Mud Jana, jesšer keâe cegÌ[ peevee (Folding
of bread) When a bread (Roti) is folded, it is
considered a sign of coming of a guest.
l Pair Ka Khujlana, hewj keâe Kegpeueevee (Itching in
the feet) Itching in the feet is considered a
sign of Journey.
l Gau Darshan, ieew oMe&ve (Seeing a cow) To see a
cow is considered a good omen.
Bad Omen
A bad omen is an event or a sign of something
bad to happen before starting a work or
journey. The mention of bad omens can even
be found in books written by Banbhatta’s
in 6 CE.
Some of these are given below:
l Gwale Ka Bhens Ki Sawari, iJeeues keâe YeQme keâer
meJeejer (Seeing a milkman riding a buffalo) To
see a milkman to ride on a buffalo is
considered a bad omen.
l Kutton Ka Rona, kegâòeeW keâe jesvee (Wailing of
dogs) Wailing of dogs is considered the
premonition of a tragedy that may strike in
the coming event.
406
l Kaali Billi Ka Rasta Katna, keâeueer efyeuueer keâe jemlee
keâešvee (Crossing of a black cat) If a black cat
crosses a person from his right to his left, then it
is considered a bad omen for that person.
l Ankh Phadakna, DeeBKe HeâÌ[keâvee (Twitching of an
eye) It is considered a bad omen when right eye
of a woman and left eye of a man twitches.
l Chhikna, ÚeRkeâvee (Sneezing) When a pious task is
about to be done or being undertaken, then
sneezing by anyone is not considered a good sign.
Haryanvi Proverbs and Sayings
Proverbs
Gaaye Ki Bhens Taley, Bhens Ki Gaaye Taley
(ieeB keâer YeQme leues, YeQme keâer ieeB leues)
Gaam Basya Nahi Mangate Pahlyaan Firange
(ieeBce yemeÙee veneR, ceBieles henuÙeeB efheâjbies)
Jiska Khawe Tikra, Uska Gawe Gitra
(efpemekeâe KeeJew šerkeâÌ[e, Gmekeâe ieeJew ieerleÌ[e)
Jhotyan Ki Ladai Mein, Jhundo Ka Kho
(PeesšdÙeeB keâer ueÌ[eF& ceW PegC[eW keâe Kees)
Tawla Se Bawla (leeJeuee mes yeeJeuee)
Doodh Ki Rakhwali Billi (otOe keâer jKeJeeueer efyeuueer)
Nayiyon Ki Barat mein Sab Thakur
(veeF&ÙeeW keâer yeejele ceW meye "ekegâj)
Nekki Nau Kos, Badi Sau Kos
(veskeäkeâer veew keâesme, yeoer meew keâesme)
Aapna Bharya Tey Jagat Ka Bharya
(DeheCee YejÙee lew peiele keâe YejÙee)
Aapna Maare Cha Main Gere
(DeeheCee ceejw Úeb ceW iewjs)
Aape Maare Bina Swarg Kisne Dekhya
(Deehew ceejs efyevee mJeie& efkeâmevew osKÙee)
Kahe Tey Kumhar Gadhe Pe Nahi Chadhta
(keâns les kegâcnej ieOes hes vener ÛeÌ{lee)
Khadya Drawa Khet Mein, Khawe Na Khawna De
(Ke[dÙee [jeJee Kesle ceW, KeeJes ve KeeJeCe oW)
Chhanj Te Baje-e-Baje, Chhalni bi ke Baje-Jisme
Battar Chhed
(Úepe lew yeewues, ÚeueCeer yeer kesâ yeewues efpemeceW yenòej Úso)
Thaali baithi naan Katde Munde
("eueer yew"er veeCe, keâeš[s cegBÌ[s)
Know Your State Haryana
l Khali Ghara Dekhna, Keeueer IeÌ[e osKevee (Seeing
empty pitcher) To meet a water bearer girl
with an empty pitcher is considered a bad
omen for that person.
l Shamshan Mein Gidaro Ka Rona, MeceMeeve ceW
ieeroÌ[eW keâe jesvee (Wailing of jackals in
cremation ground) Wailing of jackals in the
cremation ground is considered a
premonition for death of someone in a
colony.
Meaning
Living a life even in difficult conditions.
Achieve benefits by people before the work is done.
To be devoted to favours.
Loss of weak people in the struggle of powerful ones.
The hasty person’s discretion becomes zero.
To entrust a confidential task to a deceitful person.
Among ignorant people all think themselves as great.
Evil spreads faster than good.
Selfish people do not care for others.
Everyone has spiritual attachment with their loved ones.
Success can not be achieved by relying on others.
The stubborn person does not consider anyone’s advice.
A miser person neither consumes his property nor let anyone
to consume.
Guilty person should not find fault in others.
In absence of useful work doing unusable work.
Cultural Heritage of Haryana
Cultural Beliefs in Haryana
There are many cultural beliefs in Haryana.
Some of them are described below:
Beliefs Related to Journey
lEating of curd and jaggery is considered good
before starting a journey.
lConsuming milk just before starting a journey
or undertaking a journey on Wednesday is not
considered auspicious.
lIt is considered unpleasant and unsafe to see a
married women with filled pitcher of water
and to hear a sound of patridge bird on left
side and kotri bird on right while starting a
journey.
lTo see a dog with a bone, a mongoose, a bird
eating an insect sitting on a cactus plant,
sneezing just before starting a journey is not
considered auspicious.
lBrooming just after someone has gone out is
not considered auspicious.
Beliefs Related to the Society
lNot purchasing any thing made of iron on
Saturday.
lMales not cutting their hair on Thursday and
mothers not washing hair of their children on
Saturday.
lSleeping towards south direction and doing
some work facing south is not considered
good.
lWednesday is considered an auspicious day to
start a new work but Friday is not a good day
to begin some new work.
407
l Digging the Earth on Tuesday is not
considered good.
l During Amavasya it is not considered good to
plough the fields using oxes, milking cows and
running flour grinders at home. Milk is
neither sold nor set to curding during
Amavasya and Ekadashi.
l Sneezing and hiccups are considered sign of
someone remembering you.
l Kutumbi-Jan-Shartejeev is said on the sneezing
of a sick person.
l If children and people sneeze generally then
people around say Chhatrapati, Cheenk Mata,
Mathe Rati Tel, etc.
Beliefs Related to Sickness
lTo ward off evil eye and prevent young
children from falling ill, mothers put kajal or
mascara dot on their child’s forehead or behind
the ears.
lIf a person is bitten by a snake then he/she is
tied with an amulet of Gaugaji, Dadi Gauri,
etc. to lower the effect of poison.
lBlue thread is tied on the feet of calves to
prevent them from evil eye.
lWeighting a new born baby frequently retards
the physical growth of the baby.
lDuring solar or lunar eclipses, pregnant
women should not eat or drink anything and
should not go out otherwise the foetus will
develop some kind of deformity.
lInfants should not be put to sleep in baby cots
at 12 PM (noon).
408 Know Your State Haryana

Haryanvi Idioms and Phrases

Idiom Meaning

Anghayi Karna (DebIeeF& keâjvee) To be pride due to satisfaction

Aal Karna (Deeue keâjvee) To do some mischievous work

Imli Ke Patya Pe Dand Karna To be delighted only by the imagination of the

(Fceueer kesâ heeleÙeeB hew [b[ keâjCe) prosperity

Ek Handi Me Do Pet Karna To show biased behaviour

(Skeâ neB[er ceW oes hesš keâjCee)
Kulhon Mein Gur Phodna An unsuccessful attempt to keep something
(kegâunes ceW iegÌ[ heâesÌ[vee) secret

Koli Barna (keâesueer

Yejvee) To hug someone

Khuri Khodna (Kegjer Keesovee) To show forceful act

Ghar Ka Khodya Paani Pina To become fully self-dependent
(Iej keâe KeesodÙee heeCeer heerCee)
Tikdam Bhidana (eflekeâÌ[ce efYeÌ[evee) To make out solution

Thekli Chadana (Leskeâueer ÛeÌ{evee) Spend days in poverty

Dhiktana Karna (efOekeâleevee

keâjvee) To coerce or to force someone

Barabat Hona (yeejeyeeš nesvee) To destroy

Bhanji Marna (Yeebpeer ceejvee) To condemn

Chee Bolna (Ûeer yeesuevee) Deciding not to do a work

Churne Ladna (Ûegjves ueÌ[vee) Getting excited
Jad Padna (peÌ[ peeÌ[vee) Uprooted, complete destruction
Thada Chhikana ("e[e efÚkeâCee) To get satisfied
Thoddi Pakadna ("es[d[er hekeâÌ[vee) To plead, making an emotional appeal
Thook ke Chatna (Letkeâ kewâ Ûeešvee) Going against own words
Palle Gaanth Marna (heuues ieeB" ceejvee) To learn a lesson after much humiliation
Gangajal Thana (iebieepeue "eCee) Taking oath
Chillam Bharna (efÛeuece Yejvee) To persuade or do flattery
Andhere Muh (DeBOesjs cegBn) Early morning
Cultural Heritage of Haryana 409

Caste System in Haryana

Haryana is ranked 5th in the country on the basis of scheduled castes population. There are 37 castes in
the category of Scheduled Castes in Haryana. These are given below:
1. Addharmi 2. Valmiki 3. Bengali
4. Berar, Burar, Virar 5. Batwal 6. Bauria, Bawaria
7. Baazigar 8. Bhanjra 9. Chamar, Jatav
10. Dagi 11. Darain 12. Deha, Dhaya, Dhea
13. Dhanak 14. Dogri, Dangri, Siggi 15. Dumna, Mahasha, Doom
16. Gagra 17. Gandhila, Gandil 18. Kabirpanthi, Julaha
19. Khatik 20. Kori, Koli 21. Marija, Marecha
22. Mazhabi 23. Megh 24. Nat
25. Odh 26. Pasi 27. Perna
28. Pherera 29. Sanhai 30. Chanal
31. Sansi, Bhedkut, Manesh 32. Sansoi 33. Sapela
34. Sarera 35. Sikligar 36. Sirkiband
37. Sanhal
Backward Class ‘A’ Category Castes
1. Aheri, Aheria, Heri 2. Barra 3. Beta, Hensi, Hesi
4. Bagria 5. Barwar 6. Barai, Tamboli
7. Baragi, Swami Sadh 8. Battera 9. Bharbhunja, Bharbhuja
10. Bhat, Bhatra,Darpi, Ramiya 11. Bhuhalia, Lohar 12. Changar
13. Chirimar 14. Chang 15. Data
16. Dhobi 17. Dakaut 18. Dhosali, Dosali
19. Faquir 20. Gwaria, Gauria 21. Ghirath
22. Ghasi, Ghasiara, Ghosi 23. Gorkhas 24. Gawala, Gowala
25. Gadaria, Pal 26. Garhi Lohar 27. Hajjam, Nai
28. Jhangra, Brahman, Khati 29. Joginath, Jogi, Yogi 30. Kanjar
31. Kurmi 32. Kumhar, Prajapati 33. Kamboj
34. Khanghera 35. Kuchband 36. Labana
37. Lakhera, Manihar, Kachera 38. Lohar, Panchal 39. Madari
40. Mochi 41. Mirasi 42. Nar
43. Noongar 44. Nalband 45. Pinja, Penja
46. Rehar, Rehara 47. Raigar, Raigar 48. Rai Sikh
49. Rechband 50. Shorgir, Shergir 51. Soi
52. Singhikant , Singiwala 53. Sunar, Zargar, Soni 54. Thathera, Tamera
55. Teli 56. Bajra, Banjara 57. Jullaha
58. Bhattu 59. Bedi 60. Meena
61. Rahbari 62. Charan 63. Mahabrahman
64. Ramgarhia 65. Udasin 66. Rangrez, Lilgar, Nilgar, Lallari
67. Dawala, Soni-Dawala, Nyaaria 68. Bhar, Rajbhar 69. Nat (Muslim)
70. Jangam
71. Chimba, Chhipi, Chimpa, Darzi, Rohilla
72. Dhimar, Malhad, Dhinwar, Kashyap, Rajput, Kahar, Jhiwar,
Khewat, Mehra, Nishad, Sakka, Bhishti, Sheikh-Abbasi
Castes of Backward Class ‘B’ Categories
1. Ahir, Yadav 2. Saini 3. Gujjar 4. Lodha, Lodh 5. Meo
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. In Haryana the turban worn by the males is 10. A type of Odhani with yellow pat
called as .......... . [HSSC 2020] Kashidkari embroidery is known as............ .
(a) Pagdhar (a) Sopali
(b) Munetaa (b) Chhyama
(c) Khandwa (c) Dimach
(d) Tomar (d) Phulkari
2. Rajputi Style Pagadi is also known by 11. This is a traditional costume of women in
which name in Haryana? [TGT 2016] Haryana which is given to her at the time of
(a) Safa (b) Topi marriage. This is known as ......... .
(c) Paag (d) Dohar [HSSC 2020]
(a) Dimach (b) Lahariya
3. Which of the following is a type of pagadi?
(c) Gumati (d) Mandiya
(a) Khandwa (b) Paag
(c) Safa (d) All of these 12. Which Silk Odhani is gifted in marriages to
the bride?
4. ‘Kurta’, which is worn by menfolk of
(a) Dimach (b) Phulkari
Haryana, is also known by which name?
(c) Leh (d) Lahariya
[TGT 2015]
(a) Angrakha (b) Kamari 13. A dark red coloured Odhani which has
(c) Kudta (d) Kameez prints on its edges is known as ............ .
(a) Dakaniya (b) Chhyama
5. Muffler is known by which name in (c) Sopali (d) Aangi
Haryana?
(a) Guliband (b) Paag 14. An Odhana made of dark red coloured
(c) Safa (d) None of these Khaddar fabric with yellow thread
[PGT 2016]
embroidery work is known as .......
6. A cap which is worn by menfolk of Haryana
(a) Dakaniya (b) Chhyama
is known as ........... . [PGT 2016]
(c) Sopoli (d) Gumti
(a) Tora (b) Muretha
(c) Paggad (d) Khandwa 15. The meaning of Phulkari is [PGT 2016]
(a) a large part of villages of Haryana.
7. A coarse hand woven, coarse cotton sheet,
(b) art of making clay pots.
which is worn by men during winter in
(c) the art of flowers on edifices.
Haryana, is known by which name?
(d) art of shawl making.
[HSSC 2015]
(a) Topi (b) Khes 16. A blue coloured Ghagra which is
(c) Kamari (d) Loi embroidered by blue and yellow coloured
yarns is known by which name?
8. Dohar is a ............ .
(a) Daman (b) Leh
(a) Sheet (Chadar) (b) Pagadi
(c) Kairi (d) Ghaghri
(c) Kamari (d) Pajama
17. Chandtara is a type of Ghagra which is
9. Mirjai is a ......... .
worn by women of Haryana. It is made of
(a) cotton kamari (jacket) which fabric in Haryana? [HSSC 2015]
(b) hand ornament
(a) Silk (b) Duff (Khaddar)
(c) bridal wear
(c) Deru (d) None of these
(d) pagadi
Cultural Heritage of Haryana 411

18. Nazariyan ornament is worn in which part 30. Which one is a famous dish of Haryana?
of the body by women? (a) Methi Gajar
(a) Arm (b) Foot (b) Bajra Khichri
(c) Neck (d) Ears (c) Urd rice
19. Kadulla ornament is worn by women in (d) Both (a) and (b)
which part of their body? [HSCC 2016] 31. Which roti is famous in Haryana?
(a) Fingers (b) Neck (a) Besan Masala roti (b) Litti
(c) Arm (d) Foot (c) Roomali roti (d) All of these
20. Kangam is worn on which part by women of 32. Famous sweet of Haryana is ............ .
Haryana? [HSSC 2020] (a) Alsi ki pinni
(a) Wrist (b) Ears (b) Malpua
(c) Neck (d) Nose (c) Gajar ka Halwa
(d) Both (a) and (b)
21. Chhaj ornament is worn on which part by
women? 33. Which of the following is a Omen?
(a) Neck (b) Forehead (a) Seeing a dear
(c) Hand (d) Waist (b) Crow making sound
(c) Pitchir filled with water
22. Phool is a traditional orament of Haryana
(d) All of the above
worn by women on their .......... .[HSSC 2020]
(a) Ears (b) Head 34. Pair Ka Khujlana is a sign of............ .
(c) Chest (d) Wrist (a) journey (b) tragedy
(c) disease (d) marriage
23. Where is Boojali ornament worn?
[Patwari 2016] 35. Which of the following is considered as a
(a) Ear (b) Nose bad-omen?
(c) Neck (d) Hand (a) Wailing of dogs
(b) Twitching of eye
24. Purli is worn in............ .
(c) Crossing of a black cat
(a) ear (b) neck
(d) All of the above
(c) nose (d) hand
36. The meaning of the Haryanvi Proverb
25. Balaak ornament is worn in which part of ‘Tawla Se Bawla’ is............ .
the body?
(a) Doing an unimportant work in the absence
(a) Hand (b) Foot of an important work.
(c) Wrist (d) Nose (b) The hasty person’s discretion becomes zero.
26. Kadulla is worn by women in their ......... . (c) Evil spreads faster than good.
[HSSC 2016] (d) Selfish people do not care for others.
(a) Fingers (b) Neck 37. A belief in Haryana is that one should not
(c) Arms (d) Nose do any work facing ........ direction.
27. Boojali is worn by women in their............ . (a) South (b) East
(a) Nose (b) Ears (c) West (d) North
(c) Forehead (d) Neck
38. ............ is considered as a bad-omen by
28. Haryana is known as the land of ........ . people of Haryana.
[HSSC 2020] (a) Hiran Darshan
(a) rice (b) rotis (b) Ankh Phadakna
(c) pulses (d) fruits (c) Jidi Pe Juti Chadhna
29. Some famous dishes of Haryana are .......... . (d) Doob ka darshan
(a) Mixed dal and Bajra Aloo Roti 39. Which day is considered auspicious to start
(b) Makki Roti and Sarson Ka Saag a new work in Haryana?
(c) Chole Bhature and Dal Makhani (a) Monday (b) Sunday
(d) All of the above (c) Wednesday (d) Friday
412 Know Your State Haryana

40. Match the following. [PGT 2016] 41. Match the following. [PGT 2016]
List I List II List I List II

A. Koti Ghagra A. Chuud ornament for hand

B. Daman Dupatta B. Sahr ornament for head

C. Peeliya Under wear C. Tagdi ornament for waist

D. Aangi Jacket D. Karnaphool ornament for ears

Codes Codes
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
(a) 4 2 1 3 (b) 4 1 2 3 (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 2 3 1 4 (d) 1 2 3 4 (c) 3 2 1 4 (d) 4 3 2 1

Answers
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (d) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (b)
41. (a)
CHAPTER 26
Languages and Literature
of Haryana
l Haryana has a rich heritage of literature and
language through all the ages. The evidence of
its language and culture can be seen before the
Mahabharata period. It is the land where
Lord Krishna has given the supreme sermon
to Arjun.
l Most sacred Hindu religious book ‘The Geeta’
was written here. It is believed that the
creation of the Vedas was started here on the
bank of Saraswati river. Later, Jain and Nath
poets contributed a lot to make Haryana rich
in literary terms.
Languages of Haryana
l Language is the means of communication
through which we present our ideas.
Generally, Haryanvi, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu,
English, etc., languages are spoken in
Haryana. Haryana is a Hindi speaking state.
l Hindi language is the official language of the
state. 89% of the state’s population is Hindi
speaking. Punjabi language is the second
official language in the state.
Haryanvi Language
l Locally, Hindi language in the state is called
Haryanvi. Its folk linguistic form is considered
synonymous with Khari Boli dialect. It is also
known as Bangaru or Jatu.
l The Devanagari script is used to write the
Haryanvi language.
l The origin of the Haryanvi language is
believed to be from Khari Boli or Kauravi.
l Most of the words of the Haryanvi language
are derived from the Brajbhasha.
l The original source of Brajbhasha is Sanskrit
and Shaurseni Apabhransh and the Haryanvi
language has developed from the Shaurseni
Apabhransh.
l According to the famous scholar Nanak
Chandra Sharma, Haryanvi language was born
from Western Hindi i.e. Haryanvi language is
the dialect of Western Hindi.
l British linguist Dr. Grierson calls the Haryanvi
language Bangaru.
l Variation in the language can be seen in
different regions of Haryana. Generally,
Haryanvi language is divided into two parts
based on the region - the language spoken in
North Haryana and the language spoken in
South Haryana.
l The language of North Haryana is simpler
than that of South Haryana, while
the language of South Haryana is slightly
harder.
l The language of South Haryana is called
typical Haryanvi. There are a total of 10
vowels in the Haryanvi language - De, Dee, F, F&,
G, T, S, Ss, Dees, Deew, while the number of
consonants is 32.
414
l Haryanvi language was the origin language of
Aryan in 1500 B.C. Haryanvi language
provided the basic foundation of Sanskrit.
l Turkish and Persian intruder came to India
and developed modern Hindi language with
combination of Persian on the foundation of
Haryanvi language. It provided foundation to
many Indian languages.
l In the Haryanvi language, the consonants get
converted into pre-consonants i.e. voiceless
consonants while pronunciation. For example,
use of gar at the place of ghar (house), the
daram at the place of dharma (religion), janda
at the place of jhanda (flag), etc.
Major Dialects of Haryanvi Language
The main dialects of Haryanvi language are
1. Bangru 2. Kauravi
3. Ahiri (Ahirki) 4. Bagri
5. Mewati 6. Braj
Bangru
lBangru is the most spoken dialect in Haryana.
Bangru dialect is spoken in Rohtak, Hisar, Jind,
Bhiwani, Sonipat, Kaithal, Karnal, and Panipat.
The typical area of Bangru dialect is Rohtak.
l Dr. Satya Gupta and Dr. Dhirendra Verma
have also called Bangru synonymous with
Haryanvi language. Bangru is also called native
dialect.
Kauravi
lKauravi dialect is spoken in Kurukshetra,
Thanesar, Ambala, Jagadhri, Kalka, Pinjore
Panchkula, Morni, Narayangarh, Kalesar, and
Tajewala.
lThe major sub-dialects of the Kauravi dialect
are - Western Kauravi, Eastern Kauravi,
Pahartali and Bijnori. Bijnori is considered the
purest form of Kauravi.
lAccording to Dr. Vikram Singh, Khadi Boli is
called Kauravi after the district. The name
Kauravi is given on the basis of Kuru Janapada.
Know Your State Haryana
l The famous Hindi language scholar Pt. Rahul
Sankrityayan has named the Khadi dialect as
Kauravi.
l On the Kauravi dialect, Dr. Kailashchandra
Singhal has prepared a list of 650 words.
l The Kauravi dialect is called Ambabali because
it is spoken in most of the area of Ambala
division of Haryana.
l The Kauravi dialect has an important
contribution to the development of standard
Hindi.
Ahiri (Ahirki)
l Ahiri or Ahirki or Ahirwati dialect is spoken in
the area of Kosli, Rewari, Mahendragarh,
Narnaul, Pataudi, and Khadi Khatiwas of
Jhajjar in Haryana.
l The language of Ahirs in Haryana is called
Ahiri or Ahirwati. The rural area of Ahirwati is
called Hiri.
l In the development of Ahiri dialect, Dr
Shyamsunder Das has played a leading role
and in his research management, he has called
200 words as Ahiri.
Bagri
l Bagri language is spoken in the Bahal Western
part of Bhiwani, Siwani, Western part of
Hisar, Ellenabad, Chautala, Dabwali, Rori and
adjoining areas of Sirsa.
l Prof. Mathura Prasad Aggarwal has made a list
of 81 words related to the Bagdi dialect spoken
in the Bagar region of Haryana.
Mewati
l Mewati language is spoken in the Mewat
region of Haryana. In Mewati terminology,
Ishwari Prasad Sharma called 300 words as
Mewati.
l It is spoken in Ferozepur- Jhirka, Nagina,
Nuh, Hathin, Sohna, Bawal, Uchana, Bichhor,
Tawadu, etc., areas.
Languages and Literature of Haryana
Braj
l It is spoken in the eastern part of Faridabad,
Gurgaon (Gurugram), Mewat (Nuh) districts
of Haryana.
l The vocabulary of the Braj language is similar
to that of Bangru.
Haryanvi Literature
l Literature is a very important medium of
expression of human thoughts. It is a powerful
medium to give meaningful direction to both
society and culture.
l The literature of Haryana is very detailed.
Many philosophical texts and Vedic
legends have been composed in the state
of Haryana.
l Haryana literary texts have been composed in
many languages, such as Sanskrit, Hindi and
Urdu languages.
Sanskrit Literature of Haryana
l Sanskrit has the first and highest position
among all the ancient languages in the world.
l It is the mother of many ancient and (new)
languages.
l Haryana was the abode of Vedic Aryans, so
Sanskrit literature has been developing in
Haryana since ancient times.
Some famous litterateurs of Sanskrit literature
are as follows:
Maharishi Ved Vyas
l The epic of Mahabharata was composed by
Maharishi Ved Vyas which has 18 Parv and
1 lakh Shlokas. He also composed Puranas and
Gita.
l The ashram of Maharishi Ved Vyas was
located on the banks of the ancient holy river
Saraswati in Haryana at a place called
Shamyapras (Pehowa).
415
Harshavardhana
In the post-Gupta period (7th century), King
Harshavardhana of Thaneswar or Srikantha
Janapada (modern Kurukshetra district) is
credited with the creation of three Sanskrit
plays – Priyadarsika, Nagananda and Ratnavali.
Banabhatta
l Banabhatta was the court poet of
Harshavardhana. Banabhatta composed books
such as Harshacharitam, Kadambari,
Chandikasatakam, Parvati Parinaya Natakam
and Mukundashtakam, etc.
l Harshacharitam is said to be the most ancient
fable of Sanskrit literature.
l Banabhatta had discussed the Maha Purana
composed by Pushpadanta of Haryana in
Harshacharit. Also discussed Vayu Vicar
(Prakrit poet) and Venibharata (poet of lingua
franca).
Kavi Mayur Bhatt
He was born in Thaneswar. Kavi Mayur Bhatt,
who was a contemporary of Banabhatta and the
court poet of Harshavardhana, composed
Mayurashtak and Surya Satakam.
Pandit Vidyadhar Gaur
l He was born in Sirsa Khedi village of Jind
district of Haryana. He did his studies from
Banaras, Uttar Pradesh.
l He composed the instinct of Katyayana
Srautasutra. Shri Beniram Gaur and Shri
Daulatram Gaur were two sons of Pandit
Vidyadhar Gaur who were also famous
Sanskrit scholars.
l Sulabh Sutravati, Devachayagya Paddhati,
Shraddhasar, Upanayana Paddhati,
Samaprabhu, Shikshayanas Paddhati, Vastu
Shanti Paddhati and Vivah Paddhati are his
other texts.
416
Pandit Shivnarayan Shastri
l He was born in 1885 in Gatauli village of Jind
district. He had a special interest in Sankhya
philosophy. He wrote the commentary on the
Samkhya Granth Samkhyatatvaprabodhini
and the commentary in the name of Pushpika.
l He spent nearly 50 years in teaching service,
after which he joined Khemraj Shri Krishnadas
Press, Mumbai.
Pandit Chhajuram Vidyasagar
l He was born to Pandit Moksharaj in 1894 AD
in Ritoli village of Jind district.
l His major compositions are Kurukshetra-
shtakam, Durgabhyudayanam Natakam,
Sultan Charitram, Shivkathamritam, etc.
Madhwacharya
l He was born in Kaul village of Kaithal in
1897. He studied in Delhi and Lahore and
made his special contribution in establishing
Sanskrit schools in many countries. In the year
1923, he was working as Principal of Sanskrit
School Bahawalpur.
l His major compositions are Today Smriti and
Kabircharitam. He also published journals like
Hitwadi Vriddhi and Sanatana Dharma-
Shastraarthapanchak, etc.
Acharya Vidyanidhi Shastri
l He was born on 18th September, 1911 in
Lohari village of Panipat. In his childhood, he
had memorised Sanskrit texts like Yajurved
and Ashtadhyayi. He completed his education
from Bhainswal Kalan.
l His major compositions are Vyavahar Bhanu,
Dayanand Chandrodayam, Shri Gandhi
Charitamritam, Bhakta Phool Singh
Charitam, Indira Kirtishatakam, Rigveda
Kavya Tatvani, Sankshipt Ramayana,
Mahabharate, Maitrayanisahityokta
Suktisangraha, etc. He also translated
Samaveda in Hindi.
Know Your State Haryana
Pandit Satyadev Vashistha
lHe was born to Pandit Anantram on
24th August, 1912 in the Mahal-Mahila
village of Jalandhar.
lHis major compositions are Satyagraha Niti
Kavyaam, Naditattvadarshanam,
Vishnusahasranam, Satyabhashyam, etc.
Pandit Shivram Shastri
l He was born to Pandit Shivdutt and Dhapo
Devi in Berla village of Charkhi-Dadri district.
l He was a prominent scholar. Haryana
Vaibhavam is his first poem.
l He also composed Gandhicharitam and
Nehruvanshamahakavayam but these have not
been published yet.
Sanskrit Essays
l Essays have also been composed in Sanskrit
language. This is the main part of Sanskrit
literature. Ramdutt Sharma, a resident of
Bhiwani, Haryana, has composed 30 essays.
l Dr. Vedprakash Vedalankar, Dr. Ram Gopal,
Dr. Bhimsingh Vedalankar, Dr. Raghunam
Ari, Jayadev Arya, etc., are also Sanskrit
essayists.
Leading Sanskrit Litterateurs
and their Compositions
Litterateurs Compositions
Dr. Vidyadhar Dhasmana Nibandha Saptakam
(This book contains a
compilation of 7 essays)
Dr. Madan Lal Sharma Vicharvithi (This book
contains a compilation of
16 essays which are based
on ancient and new topics)
Vedh Shankarlal Sharma Madiya Karmabhoomi
(This book is a compilation
of 14 essays. This essay is
related to Ayurveda)
Dr. Mahesh Chandra Shri. Harshadevasya
Sharma Natakeshu Nari
Languages and Literature of Haryana 417

Sanskrit Epic, Long Narrative Poetry and other Compositions

Epics Authors
Daduramadoy Swami Haridas (Dadu Sampradaya)
Shrimastram Charitam Haridutt Shastri
Harishchandra epic Dr. Balbir Dutt Shastri
Shri Shankaracharyacharitam Nigam Bodh Tirtha
Shri Krishnanand Mahakavyam Mahakavi Vanmalidas
Gangayya Mahakavyam Pt. Chandrabhanu Shastri
Amarcharita Mahakavyam Pt. Rameshwar Lal
Shri. Harishreshtha Mahakavyam Mahakavi Vanmalidas

Sanskrit Long Narrative Poetry and Composers of Haryana

Composers Long Narrative Poetry
Pt. Radhakrishna Shastri Haryana Vaibhavam
Vanmalidas Shastri Sankhya Sudhakar
Shri Laxman Singh Aggarwal Vigyan Geetam, Ritambhara, Kalchakram
Hansraj Nagar Guru Prashasti, Saraswati Vandana
Smt. Shanti Rathi (first fragment writer of Haryana) Indira Prashastishatkam
Pt. Hazari Lal Shastri Shiv Pratap Virudavli, Maharishi Dayanand
Prashastishatkam, Kadambarishatkam,
Sagunabrahmashatkam, Indira Vijaya
Vajayntishatkam, Shiv stotram
Vedh Shankar Lal Sharma Ritu Vihar
Dr. Shankarlal Saraswat Yug Bharti

Other Important Sanskrit Litterateurs and Compositions of Haryana

Litterateurs Compositions
Dr. Mathura Dutt Pandey Ekanki Panchadashi (got President’s Award), Shakti Vijay,
Aparajita
Dr. Mahesh Chandra Sharma Gautam Rigved Ke Dhasham Mandal per Bhashan, Aruna, Punjab Ka
Sanskrit Kavya Ko Yogdan, Aise Jiya Jata Hai, and Swatantra
Samar.
Acharya Bhagwan Dev Devacharit Mahabhashyam, Chhandshastram, Kaavayalankar
Sutradi, Karika Prakash, Brahmacharyashatakam, Gurukul
Shatakam, Brahamcharyamahetvaatta, Dayanand Lahri,
Virjanand Charitram, Narayana Swaminicharitram, etc.
Manik Raj Amarsen Charitra
Banarsidas Ardh Kathanak
Pt. Jairam Shastri Jawahar Basant Samrajya
Pt. Paharipunya Nyayratna Chitrabodhini
Vidyamartand Sitaram Shastri Sahityamopdeshay
418
Prose Literature of Haryana
l Litterateurs of Haryana are rich in every genre
of literature. They have been equally adept in
prose literature as well as poetry literature.
l Under prose literature, there are novels and
language literatures, biographies, plays,
fictions, etc.
Novels
l Sanskrit novels have also been written by
litterateurs of Haryana.
l Vaidya Shankarlal, resident of Dholra, Haryana,
wrote the Sanskrit novel 'Shashiprabha', which
was published in the year 1985.
l Similarly, Pt. Sayanudatta Sharma wrote the
language of Haryana, Pt Vidyadhar Shastri
wrote Vedic literature, Shivnarayan Shastri
wrote philosophy and grammar related
literatures and Dr. Ram Gopal composed
literature related to Vedic language and
grammar. Thus, all these litterateurs played a
major role in the development of Sanskrit prose
literature of Haryana.
Biographies and Plays
l Pt. Madhvacharya composed Kathashtakam
(narration of Dhanna, Raidas, and Meera etc.)
and Kabir Charitam. There are 100 stories in
Kathashtakam which are written in very simple
language.
l Acharya Vidyanidhi composed Sri
Dayanandarshi Charitam (Dayanand
Chandrodaya). In this text, Acharya Vidyanidhi
has given a description of the biography of
Maharishi Dayanand.
l Bhikharam Shastri composed Gandhi
Charitam and Pt. Hazarilal Shastri composed
Maharishi Dayanand Prashastishatkam.
l Pt. Chhajuram Vidyasagar was the principal
playwright of the state. He composed the
Durgabhyudaya Natakam. There are seven
points in this play.
Know Your State Haryana
l The story of all these plays is religious and
mythological.
l Shiva Samadhirupam, composed by Prof.
Satyadev, is a famous play which has four
parts and sixteen scenes. It is a literary work.
Leading Playwrights and their Compositions
Playwrights Compositions
Dr. Baldev Singh Harshdarshanam
Dr. Vidyadhar Dhasmana Paanchjanyam
Dr. Sudhikant Bhardwaj Vyan ke Swam
Dr. Ram Dutt Sharma Petika Rahasyam
Dr. Naubatram Bhardwaj Patiprayan
Dr. Mathuradatta Pandey Ekank Panchadashi (It has
won President’s award)
Fictions
l According to Shri Harikrishna Devsare, Man
ki Chanchalta, composed by Pandit Madhav
Prasad Mishra, is the first Hindi story in
Haryana.
l According to Pandit Murari Goyal Prasad, the
Ladki ki Bahaduri, composed by Pandit
Madhav Prasad Mishra, is the first Hindi
story in Haryana. The theme of this story is
based on society. The second story of
Haryana is Daki Dabh Khana, written by Dr.
Nanak Chand Sharma.
Important fictionists of Haryana are as follows:
l Shamim Sharma is a famous litterateur in
Hisar district of Haryana. He started the first
research work on short stories in Haryana.
His major compositions include Panchnad,
Chaupal ka Makhol, Chaupal Pattau,
Chaupal ke Chale, etc.
l Meenakshi Jijeevisha is associated with
Faridabad in Haryana. She has been active in
short story writing for the last decade. Two of
his fiction collections have also been
published, of which the first collection is
‘Is Tarah se Bhi’.
Languages and Literature of Haryana 419

Leading Fictions and their Fictionists

Fictions Fictionists
Pandit Madhavaprasad Mishra Man ki Chanchalta, Ladki ki Bahaduri, Akhyayika Saptaka
Vishambharnath Kaushik Rakshabandhan ,Tai, Gulp Mandir, Sadh ki Holi, Chitrashala, Paris ki Nartaki, Pratishodh
Mohan Chopra Adha Kata Hua Surya, Peele Patte, Shyam aur Akela Aadmi, Band Darwaza, Toota Hua Aadmi
Jaynath Nalin Jhurmut, Sikke, Asli-Nakli, Jawani ka Nasha
Dr KP Singh Samantar
Rajendra Mohan Bhatnagar Gandi Basti, Chanakya ki Haar, Gaurraiyya, Palash ke Phool
Swadeshi Deepak Ashwarohi, Maatam, Tamaasha, Maskhare, Kabhi Nahin Rote
Sasibhushan Sinhal Yeh Jag We Sapne
Rakesh Vats Pahar Ek Roz Ka, Antim Prajapati, Abhiyukta, In Halat Mein

Modern Literature of Haryana

The modern literature of Haryana is expressed both in prose and poetry.

Essay
l The essay falls under the prose style. Dr. Harishchandra Verma, Jagdish Kaushik, Dr. Pushpa
Bansal, Dr. Roopnarayan Sharma, Dr. Brajlal Goswami, Dr. Jayabhagwan Goyal, Dr. Yogeshwar
Dev, Dr. Krishna Madhok, Dr. Shashibhushan Singh, etc. come under the category of prominent
essayists of Haryana.
l Balmukund Gupt occupies a prominent position among the litterateurs of Haryana. Initially, he
was an Urdu journalist, but later he started writing Hindi literatures, influenced by the lectures of
Deen Dayalu Sharma. Balmukund Gupt introduced the political, religious, and social problems of
the nation to the public by his satirical writing through a letter called 'Bharat Mitra'. One of his
classics is the Shivshambhu ka Chittha.
Famous Essayists and their Compositions
Essayists Compositions
Acharya Vinay Mohan Sharma Drishtikon, Sahityavlokan, Sahitya Shodh, Rekha Aur Rang, Avlokan, etc.
Pt. Madhav Prasad Mishra Madhav Mishra Niyamavali, Madhav Mishra Granthavali
Vishambhar Nath Kaushik Divyachakshu
Bhadant Anand Kausalyayan Jo Bhul na Saka
Jayanath Nalin Prastav Prabha, Chintan aur Kala, Majhdhar ke Par

Novels
l The novel is based on the epic of human life.In novels, various aspects of life are widely depicted
through fiction. The novel has become the most popular genre of literature today.
l Rajaram Shastri was the first novelist of Haryanvi language. He has written many poems in Haryanvi
and Hindi languages. He is the creator of Jhaadufiri, the first novel of the Haryanvi language. He
has also written a novel called Fafa Kuttani. Rajaram Shastri founded the Haryana Lokmanch.
l Mr. Mohan Chopra is the first successful novelist of Haryana. His major compositions are Baahen,
Need ke Agey, Ek Chhanya Main and Tuta Hua Aadmi, Subha Ke Pehle and Ye Naye Log.
420 Know Your State Haryana

Other Novelist and their Compositions Court Litterateurs, Courts and Compositions
Novelist Compositions Litterateurs Courts Compositions
Vishambharanath Maa, Bhikharini Dev Seth of Dadri Bhawani Vilaas
Kaushik (Ambala) (published in 1923) Sita Ram

Rakesh Vats Madhukan, Jeevit Chattane, Sagar Jugal Kishore Muhammad Shah Alankar Nidhi and
aur Kalpana, Maryada, Phir Lautte Bhatt (Kaithal) ‘Rangeela’ Kavitt Sangrah
Hue, Jangal Ke Aas Paas. Bhai Santosh Naresh Bhai Uday Amar Kosh,
Singh Singh of Kaithal (Bhashanuvad),
Swadesh Deepak Number-57 Squadron (During
Nanak Prakash,
Indo-Pak war related to the story
Atmapraa,
of Air Force) Mayapot
(Bhashanuvad),
Subhash Rastogi Tute Sapne Guru Pratap Suraj

Bhishma Pitamah Chaudhary Sahab Mukund Das Maharaj Karam Rasik Shiromani,
(Rewari) Singh of Patiala Surya Sangrah
Madhukant Gaon Ki Aur
Kavi Banga Dhanik Teeka Nihal Ramkatha
Rajkumar Nyal Saye Apne Apne Singh Singh of Ladwa
Jayanarayan Kaushik Maati Ka Mol, Budhi Suhagan Shambhu Dayal Maharaja of Jind Rukmani Mangal,
(Dadri) Krishna Leela,
Krishna Bachhal Amaanat Ek Shaheed Ki Jogan Leela,
Urmi Krishna Van Aur Pangdandiya Bhajan Sagar
Manmohan Raja Ranbir Singh Ranbeer Prakash
Krishna Madhosh Andha Safar
(Dadri) of Jind
Amritlal Madan Lal Dhoop, Apne-Apne Andhere,
Sindhu Putra
Hindi Literature of Haryana
Shuganchand Shesh- Ashesh, Ab Nahi, Aprajya,
‘Muktesh’ Maine Nahi Likha Mahabharat Hindi literature of Haryana is very famous.
There are many famous writers of Hindi
Shashibhushan Singhal Apne Paraye, Jani Anjani Raahen
literature in the state, who have composed the
Hemraj Nirgum Mujhe Bhul Jana, Basant Phir books of Hindi language.
Ayega, Tut te Bandhan, Seep Ka
Moti, Jaal or Mukti, Laal Bahadur,
The details of famous Hindi litterateurs of the
Prateeksha or Tarashe Hue state are as follows:
Patthar
Siddha Chauranginath
Abhimanyu Anant Laal Paseena
l Siddha Chauranginath (Chauranginia) is
Rameshchandra Jain Mehendi Rache Haath
considered the first Hindi litterateur in
Devishankar Prabhakar Kharagputra, Ganputra Haryana. His original name was Puranmal.
Kanhaiyalal Mishra Kanun Ka Kabeer, Agyeya ka He was native to Haryana.
‘Prabhakar Patta l He has written books like Pranasamkali,
Santosh Goyal Hindi Upanyaskar Kosh Srinaath - Ashtak.
Balmukund Gupt
The Court Literature of Haryana l Balmukund Gupt was born on 14th
The contribution of court literature is also very November, 1865 in a village called Gudiyani
important in the literature of Haryana. Birbal in Rewari district. He was a famous essayist,
occupies a prominent position in ‘Navratnas’ of journalist and litterateur of Hindi language.
the court of Mughal Emperor Akbar, whom He had a strong hold on Hindi and Urdu
Akbar gave the title of Kavirai. languages.
Languages and Literature of Haryana 421

l He edited Urdu newspaper ‘‘Akbare Chunar’’ Litterateurs Compositions

in 1886 AD and ‘‘Kohinoor’’, an Urdu letter Chandra Trikha Jhutha- Sachaa, Tamas
from Lahore, in 1888-89 AD. He successfully Balmukund Tara, Ashrumati, Tulsi Sudhakar,
edited three Hindu letters Hindustan, Adhkhila Phool Hindi Bhasha ki
Bangwasi and Bharat Mitra. Bhumika, Hindi Bhasha, Ek lipi ki
Zarurat, Devnagari Akshar,
l In addition to journalism, his two works full Hindustan Mein Rasmukhat
of humour and satire are famous namely Ram Pratap Swadesh Darshan
Shivshambhu ke Chitthe and Urdu Bibi ke
Brij Lal Sendhi Nimbark Sampraday Prakash
Naam Chitthi. Haridas, Khilona, Khel
Tamasha, Sphutvatika, Gupt Nibandhawali, Jaynarayan Kaushik Maati ka Mol
etc. are his major creations. Rajaram Shastri (Prose) Eekh ki Kheti (Praharsan)
Hindi Litterateurs and their Compositions Swami Haridas Daduramodya

Litterateurs Compositions Pt. Nandbhanu Shastri Gangay Mahakavyam

Chauranginath Vayutribhuvnopdesh, Pran- Pt. Rameshvar Dayal Amarcharit Kavyam

Sankali, Shrinath Ashtak
Dr. Balvir Datta Shastri Harishchandra Mahakavyam
Isardas Angadpege, Bharat Vilap,
Buchraj Santosh Jaytilak, Neminath,
Satyavati Katha
Vasantu, Nemishvar ka
Samrat Harshvardhan Priyadarshika, Ratnavali, Barahmasa, Tandana Geet
Nagananda
Ramchandra Kurukshetra Mahatmayam
Banabhatta Chandishatak, Parvati Parinay,
Hardwari Lal Saraswat
Harshacharita, Kadambari
Jinndutt Suri Gashdhar Sapttika, Purchari
Mayur Mayurshatak Suryashatak,
Matang Diwakar Suganchand Muktesh Maine Nahi Likha Mahabharat,
Mahakavya Hazrat Muhammad
Garuddhwaj Dharamdhwaj
Harishchandra Verma Hindi Sahitya ka Itihaas
Shridhar Chandraprabha, Shantinath,
Parshvanath, Vardhman Mahavir, Yash Gulati Kavita aur Sangharsh Chetna
Shrimad Bhagwat Tika
Liladhar Viyogi Sihi ka Ant
Manikya Raj Amarsen Charitra
Pushpa Bansal Prativad Parv
Thakur Pheru Vastusar, Ratna Pariksha
Devishankar Dwivedi Bhasha aur Bhashiki, Devnagari
Dant Kavi Barahkhadi
Chandrakanta Katha Satisar
Nemichand Trilok Darpan
Nandlal Mehta ‘Vageesh’ Sanskriti Tatva Mimansa
Bhagwati Sitasetu
Sunita Jain Sunita Jain: Samagra
Manbhavan Brij Vinod (14 Parts)

Nishchal Das Vichar Sagar, Vritti Prabhakar, Santosh Goyal Hindi Upanyaskar Kosh
Yukti Prakash
Hardatt Shastri Mastram Charitam
Madhav Prasad Mishra Madhav Mishra Nibandhawali
Santosh Singh Ramkosh, Shri Guru Nanak
Surdas Sursagar, Sursaravali, Sahitya Prakash, Garav Ghajini, Valmiki
Lahari, Nal Damayanti, Vyahlo, Ramayana, Atma Purana, Guru
etc. Pratap Suraj

Pt. Shri Ram Sharma Haryana Ka Itihas, Navratna of Gulab Singh Bhavar Samrit Maakshe Panth
India and Prabodh Chandrodaya
422
Urdu Literature of Haryana
l Development of Urdu language took place
after the arrival of Muslims in the middle
ages. Initially, it developed in places like
North India, mainly Delhi, Punjab, Haryana,
etc. But soon it was spread all over India.
l Urdu language and literature have been
continuously developing in the state of
Haryana.
l The most important contribution in
enriching Urdu literature in Haryana was the
famous Urdu poet ‘‘Maulana Hali’’ and his
family members like - Khwaja Ahmad
‘Abbas’, Salika Abid Hussain Begum, Mumtaz
Mirza, Zahida Zaidi, etc.
Some famous litterateurs of Haryana are
discussed below:
Khwaja Ahmad ‘Abbas’
lKhwaja Ahmad ‘Abbas’ of Panipat has the
popularity of Urdu literature both at home
and abroad. He was also honoured with the
President’s Award.
lMajor compositions of Khwaja Ahmad
‘Abbas’ are Ababil, Ek Ladki, Musafir ki
Diary, Mein Kaun Hoon, Paon Mein Phool
and so on.
Altaf Hussain Hali
l He was born in 1837 in Panipat. His
important creations are Hayat-e-Saadi,
Safarnama, Najm-e-Hali, Makatib-e-Hali,
Makalat-e-Hali, Yadgar - e-Galib,
Hayat-e-Javed, etc.
l In 1904, the British Government conferred
him the title ‘Shamsul Ulema’.
Naubhar Sabir
lThe famous Urdu litterateur, Naubhar Sabir
of Tohana, was honoured by the Haryana
Government in the year 1970-71.
Know Your State Haryana
l His major compositions are Rajkumari, Lalita,
Payam-e-Bedari, Krishna-Darshan, Karvaan
Khayalo Ke, Lahu Tarang and so on.
Jaimini Sarshar
l He is one of the main poets of the country. He
was honoured by the Government of Haryana
in the years 1971-72 and 1973-74.
l His major compositions are Jajbat - e – Sarshar,
Nagmat - e - Sarshar, Nigarshat - e - Sarshar
and Tusarrat - e - Sarshar, etc.
Prof. RP Shokh
lHe was a teacher of English at Markanda
National College, Shahabad in Kurukshetra,
but he also loved Urdu language
(especially Ghazal).
lHis major compositions are ‘‘Gamja-be-Gamja’’
and ‘‘Munakkash Khandahar (Jabin)’’. The
translation of his Ghazals was published in the
Devanagari script in a book called ‘Zindagi ke
Shishe Mein’.
Dr. Sultan Anjum
lHe was Haryana’s famous Urdu editor, poet and
critic. He worked as an editor for Haryana
Government’s, famous for monthly Urdu
Magazine Tamir - e- Haryana for about
35 years.
lHis famous compositions are ‘‘Doobte Manzar
ka Safar’’, Khwahishein Khwab Hain (stories)
and Sarabe Aarju (Ghazal collection). He has
also composed a book called ‘Haryana ki Hindi
Kahaniyan’.
lHe has been honoured by Khwaja Ahmad
Abbas Award by Haryana Urdu Academy and
Hali Award by Haryana Waqf Board.
Shri Kashmiri Lal Zakir
lHe was the former Secretary of Haryana Urdu
Academy and former Chairman of Chandigarh
Sahitya Academy.
Languages and Literature of Haryana 423

l His important novels are Sindoor ki Rakh, l Rajaram Shastri discovered ‘Barahmas’
Chhatthi ka Dudh, Mujhe Jeene Ka Haq Mil which was composed by Sufi Saint Hazrat
Gaya, Chaar Meel Lambi Sadak, Mera Gaon Khairushah.
Meri Atma Hai and Puranmasi and so on. l Sufi Saint Shah Gulam Jilani Rohtaki was
l Besides these, he also composed Chirag ki low, quite popular for his creation Chaupayi in
Zakir ki Teen Kahaniyan, a story collection of Haryanvi language.
Hum Sab Sakshi Hain. l Shah Muhammad Ramzan ‘Shaheed’ was
Urdu Litterateurs and their Compositions famous Sufi Saint of Haryana. He composed
Litterateurs Compositions in both prose and poetry styles.
Pratap Singh Rana Ginnauri Urdu translation of Kalidas’ l He is also known as Hadi - e - Haryana. His
famous composition, famous compositions are Akayade Azim,
Meghaduta
Akhirgat, Bulbule Bagenabi and Vasiyatnama.
Shiv Prasad Javed Shola - A – Tishnagi,
Ghazal- a – Rana, Roop Ras
l Gulam Qadir was a litterateur related to Sufi
ideology, but his Hariyanvi Chaupayi has also
Uttamchand Sharad Phool aur Kaate
(Hali Awardee)
been quite famous. His main compositions are
Prem Neher, Prem Vaani, Prem Pyaala,
Vimal Kumar ‘Ashq’ Aansu-Ansu, Geet Vatan Ke,
Dukh ke Phool, Aaina or
Inatakhab, and Jogesagar.
Parchnai
Balbir Singh Rathi Katra-Katra
Jain Literature of Haryana
Bhagirath Lal ‘Zakhmi’ Dastane Mazdur and
l The tradition of writing Jain Literature in
Sarshak Haryana is quite old.
Mahendra Pratap Chand Harf-e- Akhir l According to some historians, Pushpadanta
Jwala Prasad Shahi Jhola Awaz was the Aadi Jain poet of Haryana.
Ramkrishna Tamanna Nakshe Tamanna
l According to Acharya Chatursen, Aadi Jain
poet Pushpadanta was native of Rohtak.
Sufi Literature of Haryana Pushpadanta used to add adjectives with his
name like Abhimanmeru, Kavyaratnakar, and
l The main centres of Sufi Sect in Haryana are
Kavikultilak.
Panipat, Ambala, Thanesar, Kaithal, Narnaul,
and Hansi. l Famous composition of Pushpadanta the most
sacred Jain text ‘Satkhandagama’.
l In the 12th century, Chishtiya Saint Baba
Fareed came to Hansi and established education This scripture has six parts. These are as follows:
and literary center there. Through his efforts, (i) Jiva Sthana
Fareedwani was very popular in Hansi. (ii) Kshudraka Bandha
Some famous litterateurs of Sufi literature are as (iii) Bandhasvamitva
follows:
(iv) Vedana
l Sheikh Muhammad Turk was the first Sufi
(v) Vargana
Saint of Haryana, who started Sufism in
Haryanvi Society and Literature. (vi) Mahabandha
424 Know Your State Haryana

Major Jain Litterateurs and their Compositions Saint Literature of Haryana

Litterateurs Compositions l The 12th chapter of the Shrimad Bhagavad
Kavi Sudharu or Pradyumn Charit Gita describes the traits and characteristics of
Sadhas (Paradvnu Chowpai) saints. The traits of saints are also described in
Kavi Bhojraj Namishwar (Barhamas), Santosh Gautam Smriti.
Alias Bulb Jaytilak, Chetan Pudgal Dhal,
Neminath Vasantu, Futkar Basant,
l The famous scholar Dr. Surajbhan has discussed
Tandana Geet, Yan Juice about the study of Saints in his book Haryana
Roopchand Parmarthi Shatak, Geet Parmarthi,
Ka Sant Sahitya.
Pandey Mangal Geet Prabandh, Rupchandra l Dr. Surajbhan has made a special mention of
Shatak
the Garib sect of Saint Garibdas in this book.
Rajkumar Mahavir Charit
Banarsidas Ardh Kathanak, Nam Mala, Moh Vivek
Literature of Various Saints/Cults in
Yudh, Banarasi Vilas, Navras Rachna Haryana
Jagat Rai Sabhyakatv Kaumudi, Agam Vilas and The details of the saints and sects contributing to
Padamanandi Patr Vishantika the saint literature of Haryana are as follows:
Vijayanand Suri Aatmbavni, Jain Tatvadarshan,
Agyantini Bhaskar, Navtatva,
Garib Sect (Saint Garib Das)
Ratnavali Shrutpanchami Raas, l The originator of this sect was Saint Garib Das.
Aadinath Satvan
He was born in 1717 in a village called
Nirdosh Hisari Mrityunjay Mahavir Chhudani of Jhajjar Tehsil of Rohtak District.
Anand Ghan Anandghan Bahotari l He composed Amritvani in Haryanvi language.
Govardhan Das Shakun Vichar
l Garib Das is considered the first saint poet of
Dharampal Shrut Panchami Ras, Aadinath Satvan
Nirgunadhara in Haryana. He has composed
Shridhar Pasnaah Chariu, Sukumal Chariu and 24000 couplets.
Aggarwal Bhanvisayat Chariu
Sundar Das Sundar Satsai, Sundar Shringar,
l Saint Garib Das was a worshipper of
Sundar Vilas, Pakhand Panchasika Nirgun Rama. His Vaani was published in
and Dharam Saheli 'Granth Sahib’ from Haridwar in the
Bhagwati Das Sitasetu, Jogirasa, Madhu Bindak year 1964.
Chaupai, Tandana Ras, Mrinank
Lekhacharit, Aneko Arthmala, Ghisa Sect (Sadguru Ghisa Saheb)
Mugtiraman, Chunari Manak- Rahsas, l The promoter/Sadguru of this sect was Ghisa
Chatur Banjara
Saheb. He is also considered an incarnation of
Nayaymal Singh Shiva Sundari Natak, Swamin Raksha
Chidanand Natak, Sati Menasundari, Sati Kamal
Kabirdas.
Shri Natak, Bhavishdutt Tilka Sundari l His speech/sermon is compiled in Granth
Natak
Sahib.
Maldev Bhoj Prabandh, Sthulbhadra, Fagu,
Purandar, Chaupai, Sur, Sundari
l 1, 14 and 16 verses of his disciples Mahant
Chaupai, Virangat Chaupai, Devdutt Premdas, Shri Ram Kishan Das and Mahant
Chaupai Achaladas are available, respectively.
Languages and Literature of Haryana 425

Nitanandi Sect (Saint Nitanand) Charandasi Sect

lThe founder of this sect was Saint Nitanand. l The founder of this sect is Shri Charan Das.
His real name was Nandlal. Saint Nitanand This sect is particularly prominent in the
was a contemporary of Saint Garib Das. Mewat region of Haryana.
lImportant literary work related to Nitanand l In the Bhakti Sagar epic, the Vaani of Shri
Sect is Satya Siddhant Prakash by Shri Charan Das is compiled.
Bholadas. There are many centres of this sect
Prominent Litterateurs and
in Haryana.
Compositions of Charandasi Sect
Dadu Sect (Saint Dadudyal)
Litterateurs Compositions
lThe founder of this sect was Dadudyal. There
are several classes of sadhus in Dadu sect - Shri Ramswaroop Guru Bhakti Prakash

Khalsa Sadhu (related to Narayana Gaddi), Shri Lala Sagar Jog Jeet
Virakta Dadu Panthi, Dakhanadha Sadhu, Shri Mahant Ganga Shri Shyam Charan Das Charitawali
Uttarari Sadhu and Naga Dadu Panthi.
lSaints of Dadu sects of Haryana belong to Nath (Siddha) Literature of Haryana
Uttaradi tradition. Banwari Das is the chief
Dadu Panthi Saint of Haryana, who has three
l Chaurangi Nath and Siddh Yograj Purnnath of
verses and three Aartiyan. Haryana have important place in Nath
(Siddha) literature.
Important Litterateurs and
Compositions Related to Dadu Sect l Famous compositions of Chaurginath are
Litterateurs Compositions
Pran-Sankli, Sri Nath Ashtak, and
Tattva-Bhavnopdesh, etc.
Nischal Das Shri Vichar Sagar, Shri Vritti Prabhakar
Anaath Das Vichaarmala
l The famous compositions of Siddh Yograj
Purnath are the Siddha Siddhanta Padhati,
Shri Chaturdas Bhagwat Ekadash Skandh
Goraksh Siddhanta Sangrah, etc.
Kabir Sect l Gorakhnath composed many ragas and hymns
Kabir sect was established by Saint Indraj of in the Haryanvi language. He compiled a total
Badli in Haryana. Harde Das was an important of 49 ragas and 182 verses.
saint of Kabir sect whose compilation of Vaani is l Five texts of Nath sect, which were written in
compiled in the second part of Hriday Prakash. Sharda script, have been kept in manuscript
Prominent Litterateurs and museum of Kurukshetra University. These
Compositions of Kabir Sect texts are ‘Vivek Martand’, ‘Amrodh Shasanam’,
Litterateurs Compositions
Shadchakra Nirnay’, ‘Hathyog Pradipika’ and
‘Ashtang Yog.
Durgadas Vaani
Baba Dulan Das Vaani Ramkavya Tradition in Haryana
Surajdas Panth l The beginning of Ramkavya tradition in
Baba Girdhari Das Vaani Haryana is considered to be from Vikram
Shri Asadas Geetanuvad
Samvat 1029.
Shri Madhodas Itihas Satishobha Devi
l Ramakavya can be seen in the creation of
Pushpdant, the last poet of Apabhransh
Shri Sheetal Das Bhajan
language.
426 Know Your State Haryana

l The composition of Pushpdanta has The leading Litterateurs and

description of the Ramkatha in 69 to 79 sargas Compositions of Modern Ramkavya
of the ‘Tistathi Mahapuris Gunalankara’. Litterateurs Compositions
l Haryanvi Ramayana was composed by ‘‘Khuda Ram Singh Armaan Armaan Ramayana
Baksh Ahmed’’. (7 volumes)
l The best period of Ramkavya tradition in Mukhram Das Aggarwal Shri Ram Keertan Ramayana
(859 Pads and 7 Sections)
the state is considered to be between
1375-1900. Mahakavi Ratna Chandra Nishadraj Agni Pariksha,
Sharma Ramrajya, Van Gaman
Prominent Litterateurs and (All Epics), Shabri,
Compositions of Ramkavya Tradition Trijata and Tek Raksha
(All Khandakavya)
Litterateurs Compositions Dr. Liladhar Viyogi Nari Balram ka Atma
Isardas Angad Per, Bharat Vilap, Bharat Visarjan, Gandharraj
Milap, Saraswati Katha Shakuni, Vyadh ki Vyatha,
Peeda ki Pagdandiyan
Bhagwatidas Sitasetu
Kavi Purushottam Das Ram Leela Tarang (in four
Ramkavi Hridayaram Hanuman Natak, Chitrakoot ‘Nirmal’ parts), Nirmal Jhankar,
Vilas, Dharma Charitra, Bali Nirmal Geeta Sar, Amar
Charitra, Rukmani Mangal Jyoti, Vidhura

Kavi Ramdas Ramayan, Kartik Tarang, Ganga, Kavi Ramavatar Bhoomija, Hanuman Chalisa
Byahalo, Tirtha Mahatmay, ‘Abhilashi’
Sudama Charitra

Nirmala Sadhu Pandit Adhyatma Ramayan, Karma

Krishna Bhakti Kavya of Haryana
Vilap, Bhav Rasamrit, l Shri Krishna preached the Gita to Arjuna in
Gulab Singh Moksha Pantha Prakash, Kurukshetra, Haryana. The political and
Prabodh Chandrodaya heroic depiction of Lord Krishna can be seen
Bhai Santosh Singh Namkosh, Guru Nanak Prakash,
in Krishna Bhakti kavya literature of Haryana.
‘Darshanik’ Guru Pratap Suraj, he also l Surdas has presented Krishna Bhakti kavya on
(Courtier and Historian translated Valmiki Ramayan the basis of Shri Krishna's baal Leela.
of Kaithal ruler )
l Surdas was born in a Brahmin clan in Sihi
Ram Singh Laghu Ramayan
village of modern Faridabad district. Later, he
Banga Singh Ramkatha settled in a place called Gaughat on the
Lakshman Singh Ramrasayanam
Mathura-Agra route. His guru's name was
Aggarwal Saint Haridas. Surdas was a contemporary of
the Mughal ruler Akbar.
Ram Ratna Laghudas Hanuman Jayanti
l He has written about 1.25 million padas and
Vishnu Mitra Sharma Ramcharitam mantras. His major compositions are Sur
‘Shastri’
Saravali, Sursagar and Sahitya Lahri etc.
Ramesh Chandra Sugam Ramayan l Sayyed Gulam Hussain Shah has also depicted
Shukla
his feelings in the padas of Krishna bhakti.
Languages and Literature of Haryana 427

Leading Litterateurs and Kavya Sadhna in Haryana

Compositions of Krishna Bhakti Kavya
Litterateurs
Pushpdant (Rohtak)
Kavi Sudharu (Agroha, Hisar)
Mahakavi Hridayram
(Gharonda, Karnal)
Sant Garib Das (Garib sect)
Ramdas (Hisar)
Dhaukal Ram (Bhiwani)
Kavi Sahib Singh Mrigendra
Umadas (Thanesar)
Kavya Sadhna is a rich tradition of Mahakavya
Compositions (epics), Khandakavya, Samkalin Kavita
(contemporary poetry), and Ghazals and so on.
Mahapurana
Padmacharit
Important Poets and Epics (Mahakavya)
Rukmani Mangal Poets Mahakavya/Prabandhkavya
Tulsidas (Bhiwani) Purushottam Mahakavya,
Krishna Stotra Bhakt Bharti, Matwali Meera,
Shyam Satsai
Sudamacharit
Ratna Chandra Sharma Nishad Raj, Agni Pariksha,
Rukmani Mangal, Ashvatthama, Ramrajya,
Prem Sindhu, Mahabharat Vangaman
Barhamasa Sri Krishna – Rajkavi Udaybhanu Hans Sant Sipahi, Haryana Gaurav
Radha, Barhamasa Gatha, Deshan mein Desh
Shriradha, Rasamandal Haryana
Leela, Krishna Kautuhal
Dharamchand Vidyalankar Surajmal Shaurya Katha
Sudama Charit
(in Brajbhasha) Niranjan Singh ‘Yogmani’ Shivcharit

Jugatanand Gusai (Rata, Bhakti Prabodh Shuganchand ‘Muktesh’ Yugantar

Gurgaon) Brahmadutt Vaggim Medtani Meera
Shambhudayal (Charkhi- Rukmani Mangal, Jayanath Nalin Devayani
Dadri) (Court poet of Jind Krishna Leela, Jogan
ruler) Leela, Bhajan Sagar Purushottam Das ‘Nirmal’ Vidhura, Mahabharatratna,
Venu Gopal, Padmesh
Laxminarayan Sharma Kripan Shyam Bansi,
(Bhiwani) Shishupala Vadh Chhavinath Tripathi Dhara ki Yatra (Dr. Ramnivas
has accepted this epic after
Ramswaroop (Tawadu) Krishna Leela Kamayani as an outstanding
(in Brajbhasha) achievement)
Tulsiram Sharma ‘Dinesh’ Shyam Satsai,
(Bhiwani) Purushottam Important Poets and Khandakavya
Brahmadatta ‘Vaggim’ Medtani Meera
Poets Khandakavya
Pt. Madhav Kaushik (Bhiwani) Laut Aao Paarth,
Suno Radhika Bhagwan Das Nirmohi Indiranjali

Mangal Rama Atreya Yamuna ke us paar Ramnivas ‘Manav’ Indrakeel, Angulimaal

(Kurukshetra) Dr. Liladhar Viyogi Betwa ki Lahren, Pratham
Lakshminarayan Sharma Vatsala Diwas Ashaa Ka, Peeda ki
(Kaithal) Pagdandiyan

Purushottam Das ‘Nirmal’
(Narnaul)
Bharat Bhushan ‘Sanghiwal’
Mahabharata Ratna Khushiram Vashistha Rann Nimantaran (topics
related to peace and treaty
of Mahabharata)
Sudama Saurabh (10
Sarga and 384 Chhand) Charan Lal ‘Niras’ Bangloday

Khushiram Sharma Rann Nemantran, Dharmachandra Gokul Gaurav Nahar Singh

‘Vashistha’ Meerabai Vidyalankar Keertigatha
428 Know Your State Haryana

Moderan Poets and Contemporary Development of Ghazals in

Poetry Compositions
Poets Poetry Compositions
Jaynath Nalin Yamini, Dharti ke Bol,
Is Par ke Bandhan, Devyaani
Udayabhanu Hans Hindi Rubaiyan, Hansmuktavali,
(Rubai Samrat) Dhadakan, Sargam, Amrit
Kalash, Vande Mataram
Khushiram Vashistha Premophar, Ansu, Phool aur
Angare, Budh Charit, Meerabai,
Guru Gobind Singh
Rameshwar Lal Pratham Kiran, Himachal,
Khandelwal ‘Tarun’ Dhupdeep, Aandhi aur
Chandani, Agni Sangeet
Padam Singh Sharma Tu Yuvak Hai, Duub ke Aansu,
‘Kamlesh’ Dharti par utri, Ek Yug Beet Gaya
Bhagwan Das ‘Nirmohi’ Nirmohi, Chand utar dharti par
aao, Roti muskane,
Tera Darpan meri Aankhein,
Sapne aur Dhadkan
Dr. Chandra Trikha Paashan Yug, Shabdo ka
Jangal, Kaali nadi ke us Paar,
Dost
Rakesh Vats Mujhe Yaqeen hai, Zra aur
(Poet of Vaam Chetna) Kavita
Pushpa Mankotia Bator Rahi Hoon Bisri Yaaden,
Subha ki Talaash, Shabdo ka
Intezar, Tumhare Pehnaye
Pankh
Dr. Harishchandra, Verma Nayi Peedhi Naye Swar,
Sankalpo ke Swar, Suraj Nahi
Bujhega, Chhakke Par Chhakka
Devi Shankar Prabhakar Jagmag Jagra (associated to
rural environment)
Note Popular compositions of Devi Shankar Prabhakar are
‘Swadhinta Sangram’ and ‘Haryana ek Adhyayan’.He also
wrote the manuscript of Haryanvi film ‘Chandraval’.
l In addition to the above poets, Mr
Radheshyam Shukla, Dr. Pradeep Snehi,
Dr. Dinesh Dadhichi, Dinesh Raghuvanshi,
Surendra Verma, Ghamandi Lal Aggarwal,
Dr. Rajendra Gautam, Surendra Sharma, Arun
Kumar Jaimini, Ramnivas ‘Manav’, Gyan
Prakash ‘Vivek’, Ramkumar Atreya,
Dr. Subhash Rastogi, etc. have made invaluable
contribution in the development of the
modern Hindi poetry tradition of Haryana.
Haryana
l According to the nature of Hindi and the
culture of Haryana the traditional Ghazals
have been developed by Shri Vimal Krishna
‘Ashk’, B.D. Kalia ‘Hamdam’, Prof. RP Shokh,
Mahendra Pratap Chand and Kundan Gudgavi.
l Vijay Kumar Sinhal's Ghazal Collection
Dhoop Hamare Hisse Ki is considered as the
first Ghazal collection of Haryana, which was
published in 1982 in collaboration with
Haryana Sahitya Academy.
l Kanwal Haryanvi, popularly known as
Haryanvi Ghazalkaar, was born on 9 May,
1927 in Pai village of Kaithal district. He is
considered the modern master of Haryanvi
folk literature.
Ghazals and Ghazal Singers
Ghazal Singers Ghazal Collection
Vijay Kumar Sinhal Dhoop Hamare Hisse Ki,
Barf Se Dhaka Jwalamukhi,
Saat Samundar Pyaase,
Dhundh Se Guzarte Hue
Surendra Verma Aina Mein Talash Chehre,
Aaj Ke Dashrath, Aina Bolte Hain
Madhav Kaushik Aina Ke Shahar Me, Kiran Subah Ki,
Sapne Khuli Nigaho Ke,
Hath Salamat Rahne Do,
Asman Sapno Ka
Gyan Prakash ‘Vivek’ Dhoop Ke Hastakshar, Ankho Par
Asmaan, In Mushkil Dino Mein
Rana Gannauri Roshani Ki Lakeer
Udaybhanu Hans Dard Ki Bansuri
Other Famous Litterateurs of Haryana
Important litterateurs of Haryana are as follows:
Tulsidas Sharma ‘Dinesh’
He is the resident of Bhiwani district of
Haryana. He composed many famous poems
(Kavya) like Purushottam Mahakavya, Bhakt
Bharati, Matwali Meera, Shyam Satsai, and
Satyagrah Prahlad and so on. His writings have
contributed significantly to the development of
Hindi literature.
Languages and Literature of Haryana 429

Sunita Jain Prof. Hari Singh

l She was born on 13th July, 1941 in Ambala
district, Haryana. She is a novelist, short
story writer, and also a Hindi and English
literature poet.
l She has been awarded the Padma Shri in the
year 2004 by the Government of India and the
‘‘Vyas Samman’’ in the year 2015 by KK Birla
Sangathan.
He has translated Nobel Laureate Rabindranath
Tagore’s Gitanjali in Haryanvi language in the
name of Haryanvi Gitanjali.
Other Litterateurs and Compositions of the State
Litterateurs Description
Jaitaram Jaitaram was the son of Garib Das
and he composed poetry in Haryanvi
language.

l Her prominent compositions are Ek Aur Din, Dayaldas Dayaldas was a disciple of Garib
Das. Dayaldas composed a book
Kaha Milogi Kavita, Jane Ladki Pagli, Barish called Vichaar Prakash.
Me Delhi and Saanjh Ki Bair. Haridas He composed a Haryanvi book
named Raja Ratansen. He was a
Dr. Mukta contemporary of Tau Sangi.
l She is a prominent litterateur of Haryana and Saint Nitanand His famous compositions are Satya
the founder of State Women’s University. She Siddhant Prakash, Nitanand ke
is the first woman from Haryana, who has Bhajan, Barahkhadi (small book).
been appointed as the director of Haryana Tau Sangi His important creation is Rukmani
Vivah.
Sahitya Academy.
Bansi Lal He composed Guru Gugga, Raja
l She has been awarded the Best Female Gopichand, Raja Nal, etc. Haryanvi
Creator Award by the Government of Haryana texts.
in the year 2017. She is the first woman Kavi Samainath His famous creations are Rana
litterateur of Haryana to receive this honour. Pratap, Prithvi Raj Chauhan, Raja
Harishchandra.
l Her major compositions include Harigandha,
Kavi Shankar Lal His famous creations are Bhakta
Aakhir Kaise, Ete Moun, Beti Ka Dukh, Shukla Prahlad, Bhura Badal, Bhaktmal.
Apnatva and so on.
Sayyed Gulam He belongs to Maham, Rohtak. His
Swadesh Deepak Hussain famous creations are Ram-Mala,
Dahine Hath ka Shankh.
l He was born in the year 1942 in the state of
Krishna Goswami His famous creations are Dilawar,
Haryana. He was a famous playwright, story Budhamal and Gulabkavli.
writer and novelist. Gowardhan His famous creations are Krishna
l His famous drama is Court Martial. Saraswat Leela, Mahabharata, Jodhpur Naresh
Jaswant Singh, Madhav Nal, Dulla
Pandit Madhav Prasad Mishra kam Kandla.
l He was born in Kungar village of Bhiwani Sadulla He belongs to Mewat region of
Haryana. He composed
district in the year 1928. He has left an Mahabharata.
indelible mark in various literary genres like
Ali Baksh His main creations are Raja Nal,
poetry, story, drama etc. Padmavat, and Krishna Leela Aadi
l The entire literature of him is mentioned in Saang.
the Madhav Mishra Granthavali and Madhav Yogeshwar His main creations are Puran Bhakt,
Mishra Niyamavali. Balakram Ramayan, Kunjadi, and Shilade.
430
Haryana Literary Academies
and Awards
l Haryana is a state headed for continuous
development in every sphere. Sahitya Academy
of the State Government, Department of
Cultural Affairs, Literature, creative arts and
other major departments have established
various awards and honours in order to
encourage development in each region, which
encourage people to perform their best
performance.
l For the purpose of encouraging culture and
literature in Haryana, the State Government
has 6 academies
1. Haryana Sahitya Academy
2. Haryana Sanskrit Sahitya Academy
3. Haryana Urdu Sahitya Academy
4. Haryana Punjabi Sahitya Academy
5. Haryana Granth Academy
6. Haryana History and Culture Academy
These academies provide awards and honours
for promoting outstanding works of literature
and culture in the state. These are described as
follows:
Haryana Sahitya Academy
lFor the preservation, upliftment and
promotion of literature in Haryana, the
Government formed the Haryana Sahitya
Academy on 9th July, 1970, which is
headquartered in Panchkula.
lEarlier, its administrative control was under
the Education Department, but currently it is
under the Department of Information, Public
Relations and Cultural Works.
lAfter the transfer of the given administrative
control on 26th August, 2011, the Haryana
Sahitya Academy was reorganised.
lThe Chairman of this Academy is the Chief
Minister of Haryana and its two Senior Vice-
Chairmen are the Minister of the Department
Know Your State Haryana
of Public Relations and Cultural Work, and
the Education Minister of the state. There are
also executive Vice-President, Director and
Vice-President in this academy.
l The first prize of Haryana Sahitya Academy
was given to Ashok Bhatia for his book
‘Samudra Ka Sansar’ in 1991.
Functions of Haryana Sahitya Academy
The main functions of Haryana Sahitya
Academy are as follows:
l Promoting the interpersonal cooperation
between the writers to promote various
languages and their literature, giving
preference to Hindi and Haryanvi.
l To promote research work on contribution of
Indian languages and literature, history and
culture of Haryana.
l To organise literary conference, seminars and
book exhibition for the development of
literature. To honour and give awards to
Haryana authors for their remarkable
contribution in the field of literature.
l To encourage the development of folk literature
along with translation of literature, preservation
and publication of literary manuscripts.
l Haryana Sahitya Academy publishes regularly
a monthly Literary Magazine, ‘Harigandha’ in
Hindi language.
l The writers of other state can also send their
literary works to be published in this magazine
and it is not necessary that the author must be
of Haryana origin.
Annual Awards and Honours Given By
Haryana Sahitya Academy
The annual awards and honours given by
Haryana Sahitya Academy are as follows:
Aajeevan Sahitya Sadhna Samman
l This award is given at the national level for the
outstanding contribution to Hindi and
Haryanvi literature.
Languages and Literature of Haryana
l It is not necessary to be a resident of Haryana
to get this honour.
l The minimum age to receive this honour is
65 years. Prize money of ` 5 lakh is given in
this honour.
Pt. Madhav Prasad Mishra Award/Haryana
Sahitya Ratna Award
l This award is given for distinguished
contribution in Hindi and Haryanvi. The
litterateur who received this honour should be
a Haryanvi by birth or has been living in
Haryana for 25 years and has been litterateur.
l The minimum age to receive this honor is
60 years. Prize money of ` 2.5 lakh is given in
this honour.
Mahakavi Suurdas Award
l This award is given for distinguished
contribution in Hindi and Haryanvi language.
On 22th May, 2006, it has been renamed as
Sur Samman. The person who receives this
award should have published at least seven
books and at least one book should be awarded
by Sahitya Academy.
l The minimum age to receive this honour is
65 years. Prize money of ` 1.5 lakh is given in
this honour.
Babu Balmukund Gupt Samman
l This award is given in the field of Hindi
literature. The author of this award should be
a resident of Haryana, at least five books of the
author should be published and at least one
book should be awarded by Sahitya Academy.
l The minimum age to receive this honour is
45 years. Prize money of ` 50000 is given to
awardees.
Lala Deshbandhu Gupt Samman
l This award is given in the field of literary
magazine. The author of this award should be
a resident of Haryana and at least two books
should be published.
431
l The minimum age to receive this honour is
45 years. Prize money of ` 1 lakh is given in
this award.
Pt. Lakhmichand Award
l This award is given in the field of Haryanvi
language, arts, culture, history and folk literature.
l The litterateur who receives this honour can
be from any region of India.
l At least 5 books of the writer should be
published and the book is rewarded by Sahitya
Academy.
l The minimum age to receive this honour is
45 years. Prize money of ` 1 lakh is given in
this award.
Jankavi Meher Singh Award
lThis award is given for special contribution in
art, culture, history and folk literature of
Haryana.
lThe litterateur who received this honour
should be a Haryanvi by birth and at least
5 books of the writer should be published.
lThe minimum age to get this honour is
45 years. Prize money of ` 1 lakh is given in
this honour.
Haryana Gaurav Samman
lThis award is given to such litterateurs who
have been born in Haryana but they are living
outside Haryana and making Haryana proud
in the field of literature.
lTo get this honour, at least 5 books of
litterateurs should be published.
lThe minimum age to receive this honour is
50 years. Prize money of ` 50 thousand is
given in this honour.
Aditya – Alhad Hasya Award
l This award is given at the national level for
making special contribution in the field of
Hindi and Haryanvi humour and satire.
432
l To get this honour, at least 5 original books of
the writer should be published.
l The minimum age to receive this Award is
45 years. Cash prize of ` 1 lakh is given in this
award.
Best Female Creator Award
lThis award is given for notable contribution in
Hindi and Haryanvi literature. To get this
honour, women creators must be residents of
Haryana.
lThe minimum age to receive this honour is 45
years. Cash prize of ` 1 lakh is given in this
award.
Haryana Sanskrit Sahitya Academy
l The Haryana Sanskrit Sahitya Academy was
established on 8th August, 2002 by the
Haryana Government for the development
and promotion of Sanskrit language.
l This academy publishes monthly magazine
called Hariprabha related to Sanskrit language.
l The objective of the Sanskrit Sahitya Academy
is to provide financial assistance for the
upliftment of the Sanskrit language and
literature, to preserve the literary work
manuscript dictionary, to organise literary
conferences, seminars and exhibitions and to
encourage research in the Sanskrit language.
The awards given by Haryana Sanskrit Sahitya
Academy are as follows:
l Maharishi Valmiki Award This award is given
annually to scholars and litterateurs of Sanskrit
language. An amount of ` 100000 is awarded
under this honour.
l Maharishi Vedvyas Award This award is given
to scholars and writers of Sanskrit language. A
cash prize of ` 51000 is given to the person
honoured under this award.
l Banabhatta Award This award is also given to
scholars and litterateurs of Sanskrit language.
An amount of ` 51000 is given under this
award.
Know Your State Haryana
l Haryana Sanskrit Gaurav Samman This
award is given to renowned Sanskrit
litterateurs at National and International level.
An amount of ` 150000 is given under this
award.
l Guru Virjanand Acharya Samman This award
is given every year for distinguished
contribution in teaching Sanskrit grammar. An
amount of ` 51000 is given under this award.
l Pandit Yudhishthira Mimansak Acharya
Samman This award is given for teaching in
the field of Vedas, astrology or rituals. An
amount of ` 51000 is given under this award.
l Vidyamartand Pandit Sitaram Shastri
Acharya Samman This award is given
annually for outstanding work in the field of
teaching Sanskrit literature. An amount of
` 51000 is given under this award.
l Swami Dharmadev Sanskrit Samman This
award is given for special contribution in the
field of Sanskrit literature. An amount of
` 100000 is given under this award.
l Book Award Scheme This award is given for
outstanding work in the field of prose and
poetry genre. Under this award, cash prize of
` 31000 is given in this award.
Haryana Urdu Sahitya Academy
lHaryana Urdu Academy was established on
22nd December, 1985 to promote Urdu
language and literature in Haryana.
lThe aim of this academy is to promote Urdu
language through Urdu centers, encourage
Urdu folk litterateurs and preserve various
works related to Urdu language.
lHaryana Urdu Academy publishes two
quarterly journals Jamana Tat (magazine of
modern Urdu literature) and Urdu Disha
(published in Devanagari script).
lUrdu Disha magazine also connects non-Urdu
speaking people.
Languages and Literature of Haryana
The awards and honours given annually by
Haryana Urdu Sahitya Academy for the
upliftment of Urdu literature in the state are as
follows:
l Rashtriya Haali Samman This is the highest
honour given by Haryana Urdu Sahitya
Academy, which is awarded to the nationally
reputed Urdu litterateurs. An amount of
` 100000 is awarded under this award.
l Kunwar Mohinder Singh Bedi Samman This is
a state level award given annually, under which
an amount of ` 21000 is given in this award.
l Munshi Gumani Lal Samman An amount of
` 21000 is awarded under this honour.
l Surendra Pandit Son Samman An amount of
` 21000 is awarded under this honour.
Haryana Punjabi Sahitya Academy
l Haryana is a Hindi speaking state, but there is
also a large number of Punjabi people,
especially in the Northern Haryana.
l Punjabi language is very popular in districts
like Ambala, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Panchkula,
Yamunanagar, etc., in Haryana.
l Haryana Punjabi Sahitya Academy
headquartered at Panchkula, was formed in
October 1996 with the objective of promoting
the Punjabi language and literature in Haryana.
l For the development and promotion of
Punjabi literature, Haryana Punjabi Sahitya
Academy published monthly literary magazine
Shabd Boond.
l The Shabd Boond magazine consists of 6
compositions, of child stories, whose primary
purpose is to encourage child writers.
The major awards and honours given annually
by Haryana Punjabi Sahitya Academy are as
follows:
l Haryana Punjabi Gaurav Award Under this
award, an amount of `250000 is provided by
the Haryana Government. In the year 2018,
four years (2013-16) awards were announced
by Haryana Punjabi Sahitya Academy.
433
l The award has been given to Atmajeet
Hanspal (2013), Kedarnath (2014), Dr.
Ramesh Kumar (2015) and Dr. Amrita Kaur
Raina (2016).
l Saint Taran Singh Wahmi Award Under this
award, an amount of `100000 is given
annually by the Government of Haryana. The
award has been given to Dr. Gurdarpal Singh
(2013), Lakhwinder Singh Bajwa (2014),
Iqbal Singh (2015) and Manjit Kaur Ambavali
(2016).
l Bhai Santokh Singh Award Under this award,
an amount of ` 125000 is provided annually
by the Government of Haryana. The award
has been given to Dr. Pal Kaur and Mrs. Jageer
Kaur Sandhu (2013), Dr. Sahib Singh Arsi
(2014), Dr. Sudarshan Gaso (2015), and
Joginder Kaur Agnihotri (2016).
l Baba Sheikh Farid Award Under this award,
an amount of ` 111000 is given by the
Government of Haryana annually.
l Ragi/Dadhi/Folk Singer Award Under this
award, an amount of ` 51000 is given
annually by the Government of Haryana.
l Book - Story Award Under this award, the
Government of Haryana gives an amount of
` 21000 each in the category of poetry, story,
drama, novels, biography and children's
literature annually.
l Journalism Award An amount of ` 51000 is
given by the Haryana Government under this
award.
l Kavi Harbhajan Singh Renu Award An
amount of ` 51000 is given by the Haryana
Government under this award.
Haryana Granth Academy
lIn the year 1963, under the direction of the
Commission for Scientific and Technical
Terminology, the Government of India
decided to make Hindi and other Indian
languages a medium of higher education.
434
l Under this, it was decided to establish a textbook
publication board/university cell and Hindi Granth
Academy for the creation of all university-level
standard texts. The Haryana Granth Academy was
established in the year 1970 with its headquarters at
Panchkula.
l The Haryana Government established the Haryana
Sahitya Academy in place of the language
department in the year 1979 and the Haryana
Granth Academy was also merged into this academy.
l Under this merger, an ‘independent text division’
was established in the academy, so that the work of
the construction of the texts should not be
interrupted.
l On 1st September, 2011, the Haryana Granth
Academy was reorganised, so that the construction
of university-level texts should be on priority.
l So far, around 263 books on 23 subjects have been
published by this academy, out of which the number
of original books is 202 and translations of texts in
61 other languages.
l Sapta Sindhu quarterly and Katha Samay (monthly)
magazine are published by Haryana Granth
Academy.
l Haryana Granth Academy published Pandit
Lakhmichand Granthawali, Pt. Mangeram
Granthawali and Baje Bhagat Granthawali for the
preservation of the culture of Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
Haryana History and Sanskrit
Academy
l The Centre for History, Culture and
Social Development, Haryana was
formed under the Haryana Institute of
Public Administration in July 2006, but
the State Government reconstituted it on
27th July, 2010 and approved the
establishment of the History and
Sanskrit Academy.
l The academy gained statutory
independence on 7th June, 2013. The
founding director of this academy, Prof.
KC Yadav, was a famous historian.
l The academy was initially headquartered
in Gurugram, which was shifted to
Gulzarilal Nanda Center, Kurukshetra in
the year 2016.
l The Chief Minister of the state is its
ex-officio President.
l The main objective of the establishment
of this academy is to encourage research
on the history of the state, economic
development and social change,
collecting and studying sources about
various periods and civilizations of the
state and setting up libraries, organising
seminars and so on.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. What is the official language of Haryana? 11. Braj dialect is spoken in which district of
[Haryana Clerk 2016] Haryana?
(a) Urdu (b) English (c) Punjabi (d) Hindi (a) Gurugram (b) Mewat
2. How many per cent of people speak Hindi in (c) Faridabad (d) All of these
Haryana? [HSSC 2020] 12. The ashram of Maharishi Ved Vyas was
(a) 59% (b) 69% (c) 79% (d) 89% located on the banks of which river of
Haryana?
3. Haryanvi is a dialect of .................
(a) Indus (b) Satluj
language. [HSSC 2020]
(c) Saraswati (d) Yamuna
(a) Western Hindi (b) Punjabi
(c) Gurmukhi (d) Rajasthani 13. Which of the following is the famous play
written by the King Harshavardhana?
4. Haryanvi is originated from which script?
(a) Priyadarsika (b) Nagananda
[HSSC 2020]
(c) Ratnavali (d) All of these
(a) Brahmi script (b) Devanagari script
(c) Gupta script (d) Kalinga script 14. Who wrote Harshacharitam?
(a) Banabhatta
5. Haryanvi language is a part of which of the
(b) Ishadas Rachit
following languages? [PGT-2016]
(c) Nath Sect
(a) Khari Boli (b) Hindi
(d) None of the above
(c) Urdu (d) Sanskrit
15. Who wrote Surya Satakam?
6. In which of the following languages, you
(a) Kavi Mayur Bhatt
cannot find much Haryanvi literature?
(b) Banabhatta
[HSSC 2020]
(c) Pt. Vidyadhar Gaur
(a) Hindi (b) Braj (c) Urdu (d) Pali (d) Pt. Shivnarayan Shastri
7. How many consonants are there in 16. The famous Sanskrit epic Kurukshetra-
Haryanvi language? shtakam was written by
(a) 12 (b) 28 (c) 32 (d) 40 (a) Pt. Chhajuram Vidyasagar
8. Bijnori is the purest form of .......... (b) Pt. Vidyadhar Gaur
language. [HSSC 2020] (c) Pt. Shivnarayan Shastri
(a) Pahartali (b) Hindi (d) Madhwacharya
(c) Urdu (d) Kauravi 17. Who wrote Kabircharitam?
9. Which of the following languages is not (a) Madhwacharya
spoken in Haryana? [HSSC 2020] (b) Acharya Vidyanidhi Shastri
(a) Punjabi (b) Haryanvi (c) Pt. Satyadev Vashistha
(c) Hindi (d) Gujarati (d) Pt. Shivam Shastri
10. Which Hindi Scholar gave the name Khadi 18. Which of the following is the composition of
dialect as Kauravi? Vidyanidhi Shastri?
(a) Prof. Mathura Prasad Aggarwal (a) Bhakta Phool Singh Charitam
(b) Pt. Rahul Sankrityayan (b) Today Smriti
(c) Dr. Griyasen (c) Kabircharitam
(d) Pt. Shivram Shastri (d) Gandhikcharitam
436 Know Your State Haryana

19. The author of Nehruvanshamahakavayam 29. Who is the novelist of the novel ‘Maati Ka
is ........ Mol’? [Haryana Shift Attendant 2017]
(a) Acharya Vidyanidhi Shastri (a) Pt. Jasraj
(b) Pt. Satyadev Vashistha (b) Jayanarayan Kaushik
(c) Pt. Shivram Shastri (c) Sayyed Qasim Mahmud
(d) None of the above (d) Parul Gulati
20. ‘Vicharvithi’ was written by ........ 30. Who is the novelist of the novel ‘Tut te
(a) Madan Lal Sharma Bandhan’? [HSSC 2019]
(b) Vedh Shankarlal Sharma (a) Banabhatta
(c) Dr. Vidyadhar Dhasmana (b) Sampraday
(d) Pt. Shivram Shastri (c) Jaimini Saraswat
(d) Hemraj Nirgum
21. Who wrote Khandkavya ‘Sankhya Sudhakar?
(a) Pt. Radhakrishna Shastri 31. Who got the title ‘Kavirai’ by Akbar?
(b) Vanmalidas Shastri (a) Abul Fazl (b) Faizi
(c) Hansraj Nagar (c) Badayun (d) Birbal
(d) Pt. Hazari Lal Shastri 32. Who is considered the first Hindi Literature
22. Who wrote ‘Yug Bharti’? of Haryana?
(a) Vedh Shankar Lal Sharma (a) Chauranginath (b) Balmukund Gupt
(b) Dr. Shankarlal Saraswat (c) Isardas (d) Mayur
(c) Dr. Mathura Dutt 33. Who wrote ‘Navratna of India’?
(d) None of the above (a) Nemichand
23. Who wrote the Sanskrit Novel (b) Pt. Shri Ram Sharma
‘Shashiprabha’? (c) Shridhar
(a) Banarasidas (b) Manika Raj (d) Isardas
(c) Vaidya Shankarlal (d) Ram Gopal 34. Who wrote the urdu literature ‘‘Dastane
24. ‘Shivshambhu Ka Chittha’ was written by Mazdur’’?
(a) Pt. Madhavaprasad Mishra (a) Bhagirath Laal Zakhmi
(b) Balmukund Gupt (b) Jemini Sarsar
(c) Vishambharnath Kaushik (c) Sultan Sahib
(d) Deen Dayalu Sharma (d) Ramakrishna Tamanna

25. The first novel of the Haryanvi Language is 35. The famous Urdu composition ‘Ababil’ was
[HSSC 2020, 16] written by
(a) Heru Ki Kahani (b) Jhaadufiri (a) Altaf Hussain Hali
(c) Dan Lula (d) Surahi Gaya (b) Khwaja Ahmad Abbas
(c) Jaimini Sarshar
26. Who is considered as the first successful (d) Dr. Sultan Anjum
novelist of Haryana?
(a) Rakesh Vats
36. Who is the author of the Urdu Literature
(b) Shri Mohan Chopra
‘Shola-A-Tishnagi’?
(c) Sasibhushan Sinhal (a) Shiv Prasad Javed
(d) Ramesh Chandra Jain (b) Vimal Kumar ‘Ashq’
(c) Jwala Prasad ‘Shahi’
27. The novel ‘Tute Sapne’ was written by (d) Balbir Singh Rathi
(a) Madhukant (b) Amritlal Madan
37. Who was the first Sufi Saint of Haryana?
(c) Subhash Rastogi (d) Rajkumar Jaa
[HSSC 2016]
28. Who wrote the novel ‘Toota Hua Aadmi? (a) Sheikh Muhammad Turk
[HSSC 2020] (b) Swami Haridas
(a) Mohan Chopra (b) Deedar Singh (c) Khwaja Ahmad Abbas
(c) K.C Yadav (d) Prem Chaudhary (d) Jemini Sarshar
Languages and Literature of Haryana 437

38. Which famous ancient poet is from 49. Which of the following is the composition of
Haryana? [HSSC 2020] the famous litterateur Tulsiram Sharma
(a) Rabindranath Tagore ‘Dinesh’?
(b) Mirabai (a) Shyam Satsai
(c) Kabirdas (b) Purushottam
(d) Surdas (c) Hanuman Jayanti
(d) Both (a) and (b)
39. Who of the following is known as
‘Hadi-e-Haryana’? [PGT 2016] 50. Who is the author of literature ‘Deshan
(a) Sufi Saint Shah Ghulam Jilani Rohtaki mein Desh’ Haryana? [Haryana Police 2018]
(b) Shah Muhammad Ramzan ‘Shaheed’ (a) Lakhmi Chand
(c) Sheikh Muhammad Turk (b) Udaybhanu Hans
(d) Hazrat Kherushah (c) Dayachandra Mathan
(d) None of the above
40. Pushpdant was an important Litterateur of
which Literature? 51. Who is the poet of ‘Hindi Rubaiyan’?
(a) Jain (b) Sufi (c) Hindi (d) Urdu (a) Jaynath ‘Nalin’
(b) Udaybhanu Hans
41. Which of the following Jain text was written
(c) Dr. Chandra Trikha
by Shridhar Aggarwal?
(d) Pushpa Mankotia
(a) Pasnaah Chariu
(b) Sukhmal Chariu 52. Who is the composer of the Ghazal
(c) Bhanvisayat Chariu collection ‘Roshni ki Lakeer’?
(d) All of the above (a) Gyan Prakash Vivek
(b) Surendra Verma
42. Who is the writer of ‘Amritvani’?
(c) Rana Ginnauri
(a) Garib Das (b) Gheesa Saheb
(d) Madhav Kaushik
(c) Saint Nitanand (d) Dadudyal
53. Who is the composer of ‘Rukmani Vivah?
43. Who is considered as the first Saint poet of
(a) Tau Sangi (b) Kavi Saminath
Nirgunadhara in Haryana?
(c) Haridas (d) Dayal Das
(a) Garib Das (b) Gheesa Saheb
(c) Nitanand (d) Dadudyal 54. Who wrote ‘Guru Gugga’?
(a) Tau Sangi (b) Haridas
44. Who is considered as an incarnation of
(c) Jaitram (d) Bansi Lal
Kabirdas?
(a) Gheesa Shaheb (b) Nitanand 55. Who wrote ‘Padmavat’?
(c) Jetram (d) Dadudyal (a) Ali Baksh (b) Sadullah
(c) Krishna Goswami (d) Tau Sarangi
45. Who is the author of Nath-Siddha
Literature ‘Sri Nath Ashtak’? 56. The famous creation ‘Bhakt Prahlad’ was
(a) Shri. Yogiraj Purna (b) Charandas written by
(c) Chauranginath (d) None of these (a) Tan Sangi
46. Who wrote ‘Hanuman Jayanti’? (b) Dayaldas
(a) Ram Ratna Laghudas (c) Haridas
(b) Ram Singh (d) Kavi Shankar Lal Shukla
(c) Banga Singh 57. The headquarters of Haryana Sahitya
(d) Kavi Ravidas Academy is located in
47. Pushpdant belongs to (a) Rohtak (b) Panchkula
(a) Hisar (b) Rohtak (c) Hisar (d) Jind
(c) Bhiwani (d) Thanesar 58. Who received the first prize of Haryana
48. Umadas write ‘Sudama Charit’ in which Sahitya Academy?
language? (a) Ashok Bhatia (b) Rana Ginnauri
(a) Hindi (b) Urdu (c) Sanskrit (d) Braj (c) Udaybhanu Hans (d) Jaynath ‘Nalin’
438 Know Your State Haryana

59. What is the minimum age to receive 63. The headquarters of Haryana Punjabi
Ajeevan Sahitya Sadhna Samman? Sahitya Academy is located at
(a) 45 years (b) 50 years (a) Ambala (b) Chandigarh
(c) 55 years (d) 65 years (c) Panchkula (d) Yamunanagar
60. What is the prize money which is given 64. Which magazine is published by Haryana
under Madhavprasad Mishra Award? Punjabi Sahitya Academy?
(a) ` 50,000 (b) ` 1,00,000 (a) Shabd Boond (b) Pratibha
(c) ` 2,50,000 (d) ` 3,00,000 (c) Sada Punjab (d) None of these
61. Which monthly magazine is published by 65. Haryana Granth Academy publishes which
Haryana Sanskrit Sahitya Academy? of the following magazines?
(a) Chandra Prabha (b) Satya Prabha (a) Sapta Sindhu (b) Katha Samay
(c) Hariprabha (d) Pratibha (c) Shabd Boond (d) Both (a) and (b)
62. What is the highest honour given by 66. Who is popularly known as ‘Shakespeare of
Harayana Urdu Sahitya Academy? Haryana’?
(a) Kunwar Mohnider Singh Bedi Samman (a) Pandit Neki Ram
(b) Rashtriya Haali Samman (b) Shri Surendra Sharma
(c) Munshi Gumani Lala Samman (c) Shri Dip Chand Bahman
(d) Surendra Pandit Soj Samman (d) Shri Chauranginath

Answers
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (c) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (d) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (d) 49. (d) 50. (b)
51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (a) 54. (d) 55. (a) 56. (d) 57. (b) 58. (a) 59. (d) 60. (c)
61. (c) 62. (b) 63. (c) 64. (a) 65. (d) 66. (c)
CHAPTER 27
Education and Health
in Haryana
l From the very beginning, efforts are being made
for the development of education in the state of
Haryana. These efforts in the state started before
the independence of the country.
l Before becoming a full-fledged state, only 20%
of the population of Haryana was literate, but
according to the census 2011, Haryana has a
literacy rate of 75.6%, with male literacy rate of
84.1% and female literacy rate of 65.9%.
l Haryana ranks 22nd in the country in terms of
literacy. Gurugram has the highest literacy rate
i.e. 84.7%, and Mewat has the lowest literacy
rate i.e. 54.1% in Haryana state.
Beginning of Integrated
Education in Haryana
l After the revenue settlement of 1830-40,
organised education was emphasised in Haryana.
l A district school was established in Delhi in
1858, followed by Jhajjar, Rohtak, Karnal and
Rewari, Haryana, which belonged to the
University of Calcutta.
l In 1860, only Hisar and Bhiwani in the state had
one Anglo- Middle School in each. Till 1877,
the only college for the people of Haryana was
located in Lahore.
l Gurukuls were established in the state of
Haryana after the establishment of Arya
Samaj by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in
1875 AD.
l After the recommendation of the Education
Commission in 1882 AD, a model school
was established in each district to improve
primary and secondary education in the
year 1907.
Education in Haryana
l The State Government of Haryana has
notified the Right to Free and Compulsory
Education Rules, 2011 for every child of the
state under the Right to Education Act, on
3rd June, 2011, under which children are
provided free study material.
l Education in the state has developed at the
primary, secondary and higher/technical
levels, which is described below:
Primary and Secondary Education
lPrimary education means, elementary or
basic education. Primary education is
considered to be the basis of the entire
education system due to its completion at
the elementary level.
440
l Secondary education is the link between
primary education and higher education,
which enables a person to become an
intellectual member of society.
l Extensive system for school education has been
established in the state of Haryana. The entire
administrative control and management of
primary and secondary education is done by
the Directorate of Education located in
Panchkula district. Senior officers of the
Indian Administrative Services are directors of
the Department of Secondary Education.
l During the formation of the state, the number
of primary schools in the state was 4447.
According to Economic Survey 2020-21, at
present the number of primary (classes 1 to 5)
schools in the state is 8743, the number of
secondary (classes 6 to 8) schools is 1287 and
the number of higher secondary (classes 9
to 12) schools is 1960.
The Central Government’s
Schemes for Primary and
Secondary Education
Following are Central Government’s schemes
related to primary and secondary education:
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Programme
l The scheme was launched by the Prime
Minister on 22nd January, 2015 at Panipat.
l The scheme is jointly run by three Ministries
of the Central Government, namely, Ministry
of Women and Child Development, Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of
Human Resource Development.
l The objective of the scheme is to eliminate sex
discrimination and provide education to girls.
The scheme was started with an amount of
100 crore.
l The renowned wrestler Sakshi Malik has been
named as Brand Ambassador of this scheme in
Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
Aarohi Model School
lThis scheme was launched by the Central
Government in the year 2011-12.
lThe main objective of this scheme is to
improve the level of education in Backward
Blocks in Haryana from class 6 to 12.
lThe scheme is operated in 10 districts of
Haryana State such as Panipat, Palwal, Mewat,
Fatehabad, Mahendragarh, Kaithal, Jind,
Hisar, Bhiwani and Sirsa.
lAarohi Model School is located in 36
Educationally Backward Blocks (one in each
block) of the state of Haryana.
lThis scheme is being implemented under the
Education Policy of the state from the year
2015-16.
lThe scheme has also attracted other states in
terms of school infrastructure and education
reform.
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan (RMSA)
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)
was launched in the year 2009. The
Government of Haryana implemented this
campaign in its state in the year 2009-11.
Its main objectives are as follows:
l To improve the quality of secondary
education by freeing children from social
and gender based barriers in the education
sector.
l Provide universal access to secondary level
education to every child by the year 2017 and
to ensure universal retention for every child by
the year 2020.
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
lThe Central Government launched Sarva
Shiksha Abhiyan in the year 2001 to remove
gender and social inequality in the field of
education.
Education and Health in Haryana
l The main goal of this programme is to build new
schools, provide alternative education facilities,
build rooms and toilets in schools and provide
modern training to teachers.
l The 86th Constitutional Amendment further
strengthened the objectives of the Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan.
l Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was also implemented in
the state of Haryana in the year 2002. In the
state, this campaign is being conducted by the
Haryana School Education Project Council.
l Headquarters of Haryana School Shiksha
Pariyojna Parishad is at Panchkula. The head of
the General Council of this institution is the
Chief Minister of the state.
Mid-day Meal Scheme
lThis scheme is being run by the Central
Government from 15th August, 1995. Under
this, government primary schools, local bodies
and state aided primary and minor secondary
schools of all states have been included.
lUnder this scheme, nutritious food is provided
to all children daily. The main objective of this
scheme is to increase enrollment and attendance
of children in schools.
State Government’s Schemes for
Primary and Secondary Education
Following are the State Government’s schemes
related to Primary and Secondary Education:
Heritage Corner Scheme
lHaryana Chief Minister, Shri Manohar Lal
Khattar has declared on 30th December, 2020
decided to establish a heritage corner in every
Government School.
lIn these heritage corners, the school children
will get acquainted with the glorious history,
culture and national heroes of the country.
441
l In the First phase , these corners will be
built in 100 schools. Later these corners will
be established in all schools of the state.
l Information about the major historical
monuments of every district and archives of
the Department of Archaeology will
be available in every school in the
district.
l The Department is also working towards
adding historical information in the school
syllabus.
l Soon a chapter will be added in this regard
in the school syllabus while training related
to this will be given to history teachers so
that they can pass on the knowledge to the
students.
Reading Mission 2022
lThe State Government of Haryana has
launched an initiative called ‘Reading
Mission- Haryana’. The initiative was
launched to encourage reading habit among
the young students of the state.
lUnder this mission state’s monthly book
review sessions and mass book reading are to
be organised by students in educational
institutions.
lBesides, a 45-minute mass reading
programme should be held on the fourth
Saturday of the month.
Samagra Shiksha
lThe vision of the scheme is to ensure
inclusive and equitable quality education
from pre-nursery (pre-school) to senior
secondary stage by 2030 in accordance with
Sustainable Development Goals for
education.
lThe aim of the scheme is to universalize
quality school education.
442
The main objectives of Samagra Shiksha are
— to make provision equality education and
enhancing learning out comes of students.
— bridge social and gender gaps in school
education.
— ensuring minimum standards in schooling
provision.
— support in implementation of Right of
Children to Free and Compulsory
Education (RTE) Act, 2009.
— to promote vocationalisation of education.
Right to Education
lThe State Government has notified the Free
and Compulsory Education Rules-2011 for
every child of Haryana under the Right to
Education Act on 3rd June, 2011.
lUnder this, the government provides free
textbooks, practice books and costumes to
the children.
Chief Minister School Beautification
Scheme
l This scheme was started in the year 2011-12.
The main objective of this scheme was to
make the students of state schools sensitive
towards the hygiene of the school.
l Under this scheme, first of all, a high school
and a secondary school are selected in all the
blocks of the district. After this, each school is
provided ` 50000 for beautification.
l After this, a high school and a secondary
school are selected at the district level, which
are allocated an amount of ` 1 lakh for school
beautification.
l In the final phase of the scheme, a high school
and a secondary school are selected at the
state level, which are allocated an amount of
` 5 lakhs each for school beautification.
Punjabi Language Incentive Scheme
lIn the year 2010, Punjabi language was
conferred the status of second language of the
state by Haryana Government.
Know Your State Haryana
l Under this scheme, scholarships are given to
those students who continue to study Punjabi
language in 9th and 11th grades on the basis
of marks obtained in Punjabi language in 8th
and 10th grade board examinations.
l Scholarships are awarded as ` 50 per month
for students of 9th and 10th and ` 75 per
month for students of 11th and 12th.
Cash Reward Scheme
lThe scheme was launched by the Government
of Haryana in the year 2008-09.
lUnder this scheme, the lumpsum amount is
provided by the Government to the scheduled
caste students (both boys and girls) from the
5th to the 8th grades for the purchasing of
school bags, school dress and stationery items.
Free Text Book Scheme
l The Free Text Book Scheme was started by the
Government of Haryana in the year 2008-09.
l Under this scheme, free textbooks are provided
to all scheduled caste students studying in
classes from 9th to 12th.
Free Education for Girls
l Free education has been provided to all girls
upto graduation.
l Transport facility has also been provided by
the State Government for the girls of Mewat
and Morni areas.
Residential and Childhood Schools
lTo promote girls education, residential schools
for girls are being opened in every
educationally backward block under Kasturba
Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Scheme.
lResidential schools have been established in
Panipat for physically challenged students.
lMany Bachpan pre-schools have been opened
by the voluntary organisations in the state for
the working labouress children near their
workplace.
Education and Health in Haryana
Schemes for SCs and STs Students in
Haryana
l Dalits and backward class students are provided
free coaching by the State Government for the
preparation of government jobs.
l Pre-metric scholarship is provided to
scheduled castes students of classes 9th and
10th in the state. Post metric scholarship
scheme has also been started for the scheduled
castes students of the state.
l Babu Jagjivan Ram Hostel Scheme has been
started keeping in view the educational housing
requirement of the students of scheduled castes
and backward classes of the state.
l Monthly incentive scheme for scheduled caste
students has been launched in the state.
l Free Bicycle to scheduled caste student scheme
was launched in the year 2008-09. The main
objective of this scheme is to provide
educational avenues to students of SC families.
Dr. Ambedkar Medhavi Chhatar
Sansodhit Yojna
lDr. Ambedkar Medhavi Chhatar Sansodhit
Yojna was launched in the state in the year
2005-06. This scheme was started to provide
scholarships to students belonging to
scheduled castes and backward classes.
lUnder this scheme, there is a provision to give
` 4,000 to ` 12000 annual scholarship to
students from class 9 to postgraduate level of
scheduled castes based on the percentage.
lUnder this scheme, students of other backward
classes are given the benefit of this scholarship
in class 11 on the basis of class 10th marks.
Haryana School Education Board
It was established in the year 1969 in
Chandigarh, which was shifted to Bhiwani
district in the year 1981. For the first time in the
year 1970, 10th class examinations were
conducted by this board.
443
Main facts about the Haryana Board of
Education are given below:
l For the first time in the year 1976, the 8th
standard examination was conducted.
l 10 + 2 + 3 system was introduced by the State
Government in the financial year 1985-86.
l For the first time in the year 1987, 12th
examination was conducted under 10+2 system.
l For the first time in the year 1990, 10+2
(Professional) examination was conducted.
l The Board established Haryana Open School
in the year 1994. By this, the semester system
was implemented in the year 2006-07.
l Haryana is the first state in India to
implement CCE system at school level.
Haryana Educational Research and Training
Council, Gurugram
l
The State Educational Research and Training
Council was established in April, 1979 in Gurugram
by merging the State Institute of Education and
State Science Institute with the main objective of
improving the quality of education and training and
skill development of teachers.
l
This council organises seminars from time to time for
the development of creative and scientific approach
of teachers. This council surveys schools in the state
and determines the syllabus.
Kendriya Vidyalaya in Haryana
l Kendriya Vidyalaya is the management
institute of primary and secondary education
in India. It started in the year 1963 and has
since been contracted with the Central Board
of Secondary Education in India.
l Kendriya Vidyalaya schools in the state are
doing unprecedented work in the field of
education.
l A total of 23 Kendriya Vidyalayas are
functioning in the state. There are no
Kendriya Vidyalayas in Yamunanagar, Kaithal
and Mewat in the state. Two Kendriya
Vidyalayas are located in each district of
Panipat, Rewari, Jhajjar, Gurugram, etc.
444 Know Your State Haryana

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya l Sainik School located in Rewari district was

in Haryana established on 20th August, 2008.
l Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya was started in l Another Sainik School is being set up in
experimental way in the year 1986. Matanhail village of J1hajjar district of the
l These are run by Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti, state.
an autonomous organisation of the Ministry l The Central Government gave its consent for
of Human Resource Development, the establishment of this school in the year
Department of Higher Education and 2018. The school is being set up on 312 acres
Government of India. of land.
l Under this scheme, Sarvodaya Schools have
been established at rural level in each state.
l Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas have been
established in all districts except and Palwal
Charkhi-Dadri districts of Haryana.
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Schools
in Haryana
District Location District Location
Ambala Po Kaulan Rewari Nichana
Yamunanagar Khijarabad Nuh Nagina
▲ SAINIK SCHOOL IN HARYANA
Panchkula Moli Hisar Pabra
Kurukshetra Nivarsi Sirsa Oda, Dabwali
(Shergarh) Higher Education In Haryana
Karnal Sagga Fatehabad Khedakhedi (Colleges and Universities)
Panipat Naultha Jind Khungakhoti l Higher education plays a significant role in the
Kaithal Titram Bhiwani Devarala development of a state.
Sonipat Butana Mahendragarh Kharkheda l The first university of the state was established
Rohtak Guskhani Gurugram Farrukhnagar in the year 1927 at Rohtak, which is currently
Jhajjar Kaloi Faridabad Motuka
named as Pandit Nekiram College.
Palwal Garhpuri - -
l Initially, this college was imparted education
upto 12th standard only. In the year 1944, it
Sainik School in Haryana was recognised for graduation.
l One Sainik School is present in each district l The first degree college of the state is the
of Karnal and Rewari of Haryana. SA Jain College, which was established in the
year 1938.
l Sainik Vidyalaya located in Kunjpura village
in Karnal district was established in the year l In the year 1944, All India Jat Heroes
1961. It is the first Sainik School in Memorial Colleges was established in Rohtak
Haryana. and Vaishya College in Bhiwani.
Education and Health in Haryana
l Ahir University was established in the year
1945 in Rewari district of the state. After
this, in the year 1946, Vaishya College was
established in Rohtak.
l There were only 6 universities (1
government and 5 non-government) in the
state of Haryana at the time of
independence to India.
l At the time of formation of the state (1966)
Haryana had only 1 university (Kurukshetra
University) and 45 colleges.
l According to the Higher Education
Department of Haryana, there are currently
18 State Universities, 24 Private Universities
and 1 Central University in the state.
l Special provision for higher education for
girls has been made in the state.
l According to the Economic Survey 2020-21,
out of the total 172 state schools, 69 schools
are exclusively for girls.
l There are 97 government-aided private
colleges in the state out of which 35 are for
girls.
Major State Universities
Following are the major state universities of
Haryana:
Kurukshetra University
lThis university was established on 11th
January, 1956 as a residential university on
the banks of Brahma Sarovar in
Kurukshetra. Its foundation was laid by
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President
of India. It is spread over about 400 acres
of land.
lIt is located on the holy land where the
Mahabharata War took place and the
message of Bhagavad Gita was given.
lThis university was started with Sanskrit
department only.
445
l The Post Graduate Regional Center of this
university is located in Jind.
l The Manuscript Museum at Kurukshetra
University was established by Pt. Sthanu Dutt
Sharma.
Chaudhary Charan Singh Agricultural
University
lThis university was established on 2nd February,
1970 in Hisar. It is one of the largest universities
in Asia. It is named after the seventh Prime
Minister of the country.
lEarlier it was under Punjab Agricultural
University. After the establishment of the state,
it was made an independent body.
lIt was awarded as the best institute in 1997 and
also won the Sardar Patel Outstanding Institute
Award, in 2016 by the Indian Institute of
Agricultural Research.
Maharishi Dayanand University
lThis university was established in the year 1976
in Rohtak. It provides education related to
many fields including undergraduate and
postgraduate.
lThis institute has 36 departments related to
education and research. There are affiliated
colleges in the districts of Bhiwani, Faridabad,
Gurugram, Jhajjar, Hisar, Panipat, Rohtak,
Sonipat, etc.
lTwo satellite campuses of this university are
located in Rewari and Gurugram.
Chaudhary Devi Lal University
lThis university was established on 5th April,
2003 in the name of former Deputy Prime
Minister of India, Chaudhary Devi Lal. The
university is located in Sirsa district. The
university is spread over about 6 acres of land. It
has 16 academic departments.
lThere is proper arrangement of library,
laboratory and hostels here.
446 Know Your State Haryana

Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Private Universities of Haryana

Vishwavidyalaya l 24 private universities have been set up in the
l This university is located in Khanpur Kalan, state of Haryana to enhance the quality of
Sonipat. It was established in the year 2006. higher education and make it easier for
This university, established by the everyone to access higher education.
Government of Haryana, is the first women’s l The first World University of Design of the
university in North India. country has been established in the year 2018
l This university also provides education in in Sonipat district of the state under Haryana
Micro Financial Management and Integrated Private University Act, 2006.
Energy Resources Management by CSUIR Private Universities of Haryana
(Center for Society University Interface and
Establishment
Research). An India-Asian Study Center has University Location
Year
also been established under the UGC in this North Camp University Gurugram 1996
university.
Manav Rachna University Sonipat 2008
Central University Maharishi Markandeshwar Ambala 2009
University
l
The Central University of Haryana was established in
the year 2009 in Janta-Pali village (Mahendragarh). OP Jindal Global University Sonipat 2009
l
This university was established by the Government ITM University Gurugram 2010
of India under the Central Universities Act, 2009. The
APJ Satya University Gurugram 2010
university is spread over 488 acres of land. The
university is temporarily being run in Narnaul AMITY University Manesar, 2010
Government College. Gurugram
l
There are 30 departments in the University under Jagannath University Bahadurgarh 2010
which graduation, post-graduation, M-Phil and Ph.D Ashoka University Sonipat 2011
courses are offered.
NIILM University Kaithal 2011
Other Universities of Haryana MVN University Palwal 2012
Establishment Baba Mastanath University Rohtak 2012
University Location
Year
Ansal University Gurugram 2012
Pandit BD Sharma University Rohtak 2008
of Health Sciences SRM University Sonipat 2013

Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Sonipat 2012 GD Goenka University Gurugram 2013

National Law University Shree Guru Gobind Singh Gurugram 2013
Lala Lajpat Rai University of Hisar 2012 Tricentenary University
Veterinary and Animal KR Mangalam University Gurugram 2013
Science
BML Munjal University Gurugram 2014
Indira Gandhi University Rewari 2013
PDM University Bahadurgarh 2016
Chaudhary Bansilal Bhiwani 2014
Starex University Gurugram 2016
University
World Design University Sonipat 2018
Chaudhary Ranbir Singh Jind 2014
University IILM University Gurugram 2018
Haryana Vishwakarma Skill Palwal 2017 OM Sterling Global Hisar 2019
University University
Gurugram University Gurugram 2017 Rishihood University Sonipat 2020
Education and Health in Haryana
Prestigious Institutions in
Haryana
Prestigious institutions of Haryana are
discussed below:
National Dairy Research Institute
lIt was established in the year 1989 in Karnal
district of Haryana state. The institute was
initially known as the Imperial Institute of
Animal Husbandry and Dairying which first
established in Bengaluru in the year 1923.
lIn the year 1936, its name was changed to
Imperial Dairy Institute. It was transferred to
Karnal in the year 1955. In the year 1989, it
was conferred with the status of deemed
university.
The Indian Institute of Wheat and
Barley Research
lIt was established in Karnal in the year 1978.
In the year 2004, this institute was recognised
as Indian Wheat and Barley Research Institute.
lThis institute ensures food security of India
by improving the productivity of wheat
and rice.
The National Institute of Animal
Genetics
lBureau of Animal Genetic Resources and
National Animal Genetic Institute were
established as twin entities in Bengaluru on
21st September, 1984 and were transferred to
Karnal in 1985.
lBureau of National Animal Genetic
Resources was merged in the year 1995 to
function as a single unit.
lThis pioneering institute is dedicated to the
task of identification, characterisation,
conservation and sustainable use of livestock
and poultry genetic wealth in the country as
per its instruction.
447
Indian Institute of Management,
(IIM) Rohtak
l Indian Institute of Management, Rohtak is a
public vocational school. It was established in
the year 2009 under the 11th Five Year Plan.
l Its motto is ‘Gyanen Gunen Ch Prabandh’. It is
the 8th Indian Institute of Management.
▲ INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT ROHTAK
Other Vocational Institutions of Haryana
Vocational Institute Location
Institute of Film and Television, Fashion and Rohtak
Design, Fine Arts and Professional Studies
Rajiv Gandhi Education City Sonipat
Government Footwear Institute Rewari
Major Schemes Related to Higher
Education in Haryana
There are the major schemes related to higher
education in the state. These are as follows:
Rajiv Gandhi Education City
lIt is a planned city of education in Sonipat
district of Haryana. It was founded in
June 2012.
lUnder this scheme of the State Government,
there is a plan to run 13 educational
institutions in this education city.
lCurrently (as of October, 2020), 10 educational
institutions have been started in this operation.
448
l India’s first and only design university, the
World University of Design, has been
established in Rajiv Gandhi Education City,
Sonipat in 2018.
Soft Skill Scheme
lThis scheme was started in the year 2008 in
17 government colleges in Haryana.
lThe objective of the scheme is to enhance the
ability of the students and provide them
training for communication skills,
interpersonal skills, BPO (Business Process
Outsourcing) and ITES fields.
EDUSAT Project
lThe then Prime Minister of India
Dr. Manmohan Singh launched the EDUSAT
Satellite based educational programmes in
Haryana in 2007.
lThis project was started by the Government of
Haryana in the year 2007 in the government
colleges of the state. The objective of this
project is to provide education through satellite
system.
lThrough EDUSAT (Education Satellite)
education is being broadcasting in primary,
secondary, college level and technical institutes.
lThe EDUSAT project has been started under
the soft skill scheme.
lThe project was expanded to private colleges
and government aided colleges in the year
2008-09.
lIn the year 2009-10, this project was
implemented for the first year of B.A, B.SC
and B.Com. In the same year, a state level
competition was organised through this
program and speeches were given on topics
related to music, film and drama.
lMore than 25.35 lakh students have been
benefitted through this project.
Know Your State Haryana
English Labs
lEnglish labs have been established in 25
government colleges of the state for students
of higher education.
lIts main objective is to impart education for
English language and its application and to
make students self-educated.
Women- Girl Empowerment
Scheme
l Under this scheme, women’s rooms have been
established in all government colleges of
the state.
l The purpose of this scheme is to provide
appropriate information to the students
regarding the gender related topics.
l From the year 2008-09, women’s rooms were
converted into centers of excellence.
Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship
Scheme
l Under this scheme, meritorious students of
scheduled castes and tribes are provided
scholarship by the Government of India for
pursuing M. Phil and Ph.D in the field of
higher education.
l This scheme has been started by the Ministry
of Tribal Affairs and Ministry of Social Justice
and Empowerment.
Technical Education in Haryana
l At the time of inception of Haryana state in
1966, there were only 6 polytechnic institutes,
out of which 4 were government and 2 were
government- aided private institutes.
l At that time an engineering college in the state
was run in Kurukshetra, which is currently
known as National Institute of Technology.
Education and Health in Haryana
The major technical universities in the state are as
follows:
National Institute of Technology
lNational Institute of Technology (NIT) is
located in Kurukshetra district of Haryana
state.
lIt was established in the year 1963 with its
name Regional Engineering College, REC,
through a joint venture between the Government
of India and the Government of Punjab.
lOn 26th June, 2002, its name was changed to
National Institute of Technology and was also
given the status of deemed university.
lIt offers four years B.Tech course along with
other programmes such as M. Tech,
Ph.D, MBA and so on.
▲ NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of
Science and Technology
l This university was established in the year 1987
as an engineering college at Murthal (Sonipat),
Haryana. Initially, its name was Chhotu Ram
Government College of Engineering.
l This institution started with mechanical
engineering and electronics and
communications. It was the first government
engineering college established in the state.
l On 6th June, 2006 the Haryana Government
converted it into a university in November,
2006 under Act-29 of the Legislature of the
State of Haryana.
449
l Its name was also changed to Deenbandhu
Chhotu Ram University of Science and
Technology.
l This university was awarded the
Improvement Programme for quality of
technical education.
l The Central Institute of Plastics and
Technology was established in the year 2017
under this university.
l The university is spread over 10 acres of land.
JC Bose Institute of Science and
Technology
l Initially JC (Jagdish Chandra) Bose Institute
of Science and Technology was known as
YMCA (Young Men Christian Association,
YMCA) Institute of Technology.
l It is located in the Faridabad district of the
state. It was established in the year 1969.
l This institute is being fully operated by the
Government of Haryana since the year 1996.
It received the status of university in the year
2009.
l The main objective of this institute is to
develop science and technology through
synthesised science.
Guru Jambheshwar University of
Science and Technology
l This university was established on 20th
October, 1995 in Hisar.
l It provides high quality technical education in
the state. In addition to technical education,
courses in science, pharmacy and
management are also available.
Indian Institute of Information
Technology
l According to Economic Survey 2019-20,
Indian Institute of Information Technologies,
IIIT is being established in Kilohrad village of
Sonipat district.
450
l Its classes were started at NIT Kurukshetra
from the academic session of 2014-15. Its
classes are being conducted in Techno Park,
Rajiv Gandhi Education City Sonipat from
academic session 2019-20.
Technical Institutions to be Established in
Haryana
l
The Central Government has announced the
establishment of a National Electronic Education
Institute in Kurukshetra.
l
To expand technical education in the state, IIT Delhi
is setting up an extension center in Badsa village in
Jhajjar district.
l
A Science Park and Faculty Development Center is
also proposed to be built under this institute.
l
There is also a plan to set up a Development Center
and Bio-technology Research Park by the Delhi IIT in
Jhajjar of the state.
l
To promote technical education in Haryana, the
following engineering colleges have been set up in
the state by the State Government:
l
Chaudhary Charan Singh State Institute of
Engineering and Technology (Jhajjar)
l
Rao Virendra Singh State Institute of Engineering
and Technology (Rewari)
l
Engineering College Neelokheri (Karnal)
Principal Research Institutes of Haryana
Establishment
Institute
Year
National Institute of Dairy Research, Karnal 1955
Central Institute of Soil Salinity Research, 1969
Karnal
Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal 1978
National Integrated Pest Management 1981
Research Institute, Faridabad
National Institute of Animal Genetics, Karnal 1984
National Bureau of Animal Genetics 1985
Resources, Karnal
Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes 1985
Center for Plant Biotechnology Hisar 2000
National Brain Research Institute, Gurugram 2002
Know Your State Haryana
Polytechnic Educational Institutes
in Haryana
l Two polytechnic institutions have been built at
Faridabad (Neemka) and Kaithal (Shergarh) in
the state.
l Along with this, new polytechnic institutions
have also been set up by the State Government
in Nuh (Indri and Malab), Bhiwani
(Chhapar), Fatehabad (Jamalpur Shekho) and
Palwal (Mandakola).
l Many technical institutions have also been set
up in Kaithal, Rewari, Yamunanagar,
Kurukshetra, Panipat, Fatehabad and
Panchkula districts of the state. Central
Government provides financial assistance to all
these institutions.
l In the Yamunanagar district, a polytechnic
institute has been established by the Ministry
of Minority Affairs of the Central
Government, which comes under the
Multi-Sectoral Development Programme.
l The Ministry of Micro and Small Industries of
the Central Government has also established a
technical center in the Polytechnic Institute of
Faridabad.
Department of Skill Development
and Industrial Training
l Industrial training was done by the
Department of Industrial Training in the state,
but in the year 2017, this department was also
given the additional task of skill development
campaign.
l After some time its name was changed to the
Department of Skill Development and
Industrial Training.
l All industrial training institutes in the state are
directed by this institute.
Education and Health in Haryana
l A total of 48 industrial training institutes were
functioning in Haryana at the time of the
establishment of the state, but by the year 2019-20 the
number of industrial training institutes in the state has
increased to 418, out of which 172 are state industrial
institutes and 246 private sector industrial institutes.
l Out of 172 State Industrial Institutes set up in the
state, 33% are reserved for women.
l To provide international level training to the youth of
the state, the State Government is working closely
with various institutions, which are as follows:
— The State Government is working on the
Vocational Training Improvement Project with the
help of World Bank.
— Working under Public Private Partnership.
— The State Government is also developing ITI as a
center of excellence.
— Currently, the skill development and industrial
training department of the state is doing all the
work digitally. For this reason, it is the first
paperless department of the state.
National Cadet Corps (NCC)
lThe National Cadet Corps has expanded widely in
the state of Haryana. Its headquarters is located in
Chandigarh.
lThe Ambala and Rohtak group headquarters of NCC
implement about 20 NCC battalions in the state.
lThe NCC also has girl’s battalion in Ambala, Rohtak
and Hisar districts of the state.
The Headquarters of NCC in the State
Group Headquarters Ambala and Rohtak
Air Squadron Hisar, Karnal
Navel Battalion Faridabad
Girl’s Battalion Ambala, Rohtak and Hisar
NCC Battalion Rohtak, Jind, Sonipat, Kurukshetra,
Ambala, Karnal, Narnaul, Jagadhri,
Rewari, Gurugram, Bhiwani, Hisar
R&D Squadron Hisar
NCC Academy Karnal
451
New Initiatives of the State
Government in the Field of
Education
l A research institute has been set up at
Maharishi Dayanand University
(MDU) to conduct research on the
personality of Dr. Mangalsen.
l Earlier, research institutes of Sir
Chhotu Ram, Maharishi Valmiki,
Maharishi Dayanand, Pt.
Lakhmichand, etc. have also been
established in this University.
l Under the Integrated Skill
Development Scheme, in the 71
districts of the state, courses related to
textile spinning-weaving and handloom
are being conducted.
l A modern Anganwadi center named
Nandghar has been established in
Hasanpur village of Sonipat district of
the state.
l The State Government has planned to
establish an industrial training institute
in Gurugram district of the state under
which training related to automobile,
textile and information technology will
be provided.
l The annual examination system has
been adopted after ending the semester
system in the 10th and 12th classes in
the state.
l To maintain Daily Diary is now
necessary for the teachers of the state so
that a sense of self-discipline could be
awakened in the teacher.
l Realising the importance of cleanliness,
the State Government has included
cleanliness campaigns in the school
curriculum.
452
Health Scenario in
Haryana
l The State Government is committed to
provide high quality and affordable health
services to all the citizens of the state.
l In Haryana, all the health services have been
modernised by the State Government under
which the Registration of Birth-Death Rules,
2001 have been enforced.
l The State Urban Health Mission has been
launched by the State Government to provide
comprehensive health services in urban areas
specifically targeting slum population.
l Haryana has became the first state in the
country to launch such an ambitious scheme.
An Urban Health Center has been set up in
the state for every 1 lakh population.
l According to the Economic Survey 2020-21,
68 hospitals, 133 Community Health
Centers, 537 Primary Health Centers, 2655
Sub Health Centers and 7 Trauma
Centers are functioning in the state.
l It is proposed to open new Blood Banks in
Jhajjar, Fatehabad and Mandi- Dabwali.
Blood banks have been established in all the
districts except these three districts.
Institutes of Medical Sciences
in Haryana
l At the time of formation of the state of
Haryana, there was only one medical college
in Rohtak in the state which was constructed
in the year 1960.
l In the year 1994, Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
institute, located in Rohtak, has been given
postgraduate status in the field of medicine.
l Currently, there are 5 Government
Universities and 1 Government-aided
Medical University located in Haryana.
Know Your State Haryana
State Government Institutes of Medical Sciences
are as follows :
l Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute
of Medical Sciences, Rohtak
l Bhagat Phool Singh Government Women
Medical College, Khanpur Kala, Sonipat
l Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government
Medical College Nalhar, Nuh
l Kalpana Chawla Medical College, Karnal
l ESIC Medical College, Faridabad
l Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha
(Government-aided Institute of Medical
Sciences)
Private Institutes of Medical Sciences are as
follows:
l Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical
Sciences and Research, Mulana, Ambala
l Sri Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary Medical
College, Gurugram
l NC Medical College and Hospital Israna,
Panipat
l World College of Medical Science and
Research, Jhajjar
l Adesh Medical College and Hospital Mohri,
Kurukshetra
Universities of Health Sciences in
Haryana
Universities of Health Sciences in the state are as
follows:
Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of
Health Sciences
l This college was established in the year 1960 as
a Guest Institute. Initially, the classes of this
university were conducted in Patiala, but after
1963, classes of this college started being
organised in the premises of the Medical
College at Rohtak.
Education and Health in Haryana
l This university received the status of
postgraduate institute in the year 1994.
l This university got the status of University of
Health Sciences on 2nd June, 2008 by the State
Government. At present, all medical institutions
are affiliated to this university.
Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay University of
Health Sciences
l The State Government decided to set up a
medical college in Karnal in the year 2012 with
the objective of providing best medical facilities
in the Northern Haryana. The hospital is
dedicated to renowned astronomer Kalpana
Chawla.
l Under this, the State Government decided to
establish Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay University of
Medical Sciences in Karnal in the year 2016.
Presently, Kalpana Chawla Medical College and
hospital located in Karnal is functional. It was
established in the year 2017.
l Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Medical University
located in Kutail, Karnal is situated. The
university commenced running classes for
Nursing and Physiotherapy students from the
campus of Kalpana Chawla Government
Medical College while the university building
are being constructed.
Medical Colleges of Haryana
lWith a view to provide best health services to
every citizen of the state, the State Government
has a target of establishing a medical college in
each district of the state.
lMedical colleges are being established under this
scheme in Bhiwani, Panchkula and Jind districts.
According to Economic Survey 2020-21, 5
Government Medical Colleges, 1 Government
Dental College and 13 Government Nursing
Colleges are located in the state.
453
Under this scheme, the State Government has
planned to build the following hospitals in the
state:
l State Medical College The State
Government has planned to construct a
medical college on a 24-acre area in
Haibatpur village of Jind district of
Haryana, which will be constructed under
the ambitious campaign to establish a
Government Medical College in
each district. The State Government is trying
to link this university with the National
Central Scheme.
l Panchkula Medical College The State
Government is planning to establish a
government college at a place called Bhainsa
Tibba in Panchkula. The project circular for
the establishment of this college is being
prepared by Rohtak University of Medical
Sciences.
l Medical College at Narnaul A medical
college is being set up by the State
Government on a 79 acres area in Koriyavas
village of Mahendragarh district. The
medical college will be developed under the
proposed Integrated Multi-modal Logistics
Hub near Basheerpur village in
Mahendragarh district.
l Medical College in Gurugram A medical
college is being set up on 29 acres area of
Kherki Majra village in Gurugram district
by the joint efforts of Municipal Corporation
Gurugram, GMDA and Sheetla Mata Trust.
Kalpana Chawla Medical College
It was established in Karnal in the year 2017. It was
established in the name of Late Space Scientist
Kalpana Chawla, it belongs to Deendayal Upadhyay
Medical College, Karnal. It has also been recognised
by the Medical Council of India.
454
All India Institute of Medical
Sciences
l The State Government allotted 300 acres of
land at Badsa village in Jhajjar district to set
up an expansion center of All India Institute
of Medical Sciences, AIIMS.
l The outpatient department of this extension
center has been operational since the
year 2012.
l A National Cancer Institute has also been
constructed in this institute, whose
foundation was laid on 3rd January, 2014 by
the then Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan
Singh. It is the largest cancer institute in
the country.
Government Institute of Medical
Sciences
l With the objective of establishing a medical
college along with the district hospitals of
the state, the process of construction of a
college in Prem Nagar village of Bhiwani has
started. Central Government will be
provided 60% grant in the construction of
this university.
l The remaining financial burden is borne by
the State Government itself.
Institute of Health and Family
Welfare, Haryana
l State Institute of Health and Family
Welfare, Haryana was established in
Panchkula in the year 1992 to provide
technical training to the people associated
with the health sector of the state.
l In the year 2000, this institute was
recognized as National Institute of Health
and Family Welfare.
l The institute also supervises all the Health
and Family Welfare Departments located in
the state.
Know Your State Haryana
Some Initiatives in the Field of
Health and Family Welfare by the
State Government
l e-treatment system in the state was started with
the objective of proper management and
digitisation of health services. Initially, the system
was introduced in General Hospital Sector-6
Panchkula, CHC Raipur Rani, PHC Barwala
and BPS Girls Medical College, Khanpur Kalan.
l Online medical facility is being provided from all
55 hospitals and PGI Rohtak of the state. Since
2016, the Prime Minister’s Safe Motherhood
Campaign has been conducted in the state with
the help of the Central Government.
l There is a plan to establish Yoga and Ayurveda as
a natural hospital in the state. Under this,
Haryana State Government has opened
gymnasiums in the state. On June 21, Yoga Day
is also celebrated in the state with complete
preparation.
l The State Government plans to set up a
Naturopathy Service Center in Panchkula
district of the state. An AYUSH training center is
being set up at the Institute of Indian System of
Medicine and Research located at Panchkula in
the state. This training center is being developed
as a center of excellence for AYUSH.
Health Related Schemes Operated
in Haryana
Several health schemes are being run by the
Central and State Government in the state of
Haryana, which are as follows:
Limited Cashless Medical Services
Scheme
l This scheme has been started for government
employees and pensioners on 30th November,
2017.
l At present, this scheme has been prescribed for
only 6 critical conditions and an amount of
15 lakh has been earmarked for it.
Education and Health in Haryana
Tuberculosis-Free Haryana Campaign
lThe Chief Minister of the state, Manohar Lal
Khattar started this campaign on 20th November,
2015 from Gurugram.
lIn the first phase of this campaign, the State
Government aims to free the districts of Rewari,
Gurugram, Palwal, Mahendragarh, Jhajjar, etc.
from Tuberculosis.
lThis campaign is implemented in the state under
the PPP model.
Birth-Death Registration
lIn the state of Haryana, it is mandatory to register
birth and death within 21 days after birth and
death. For this, Haryana Birth and Death
Registration Rules, 2002 has been passed by the
State Government.
lAadhaar enabled online birth and death
registration system in the state started from 2nd
May, 2015.
lUnder this system, online basis registration of
children in the age group up to 5 years is being
done.
lThe State Government is working under the
process of linking the child to the Aadhaar Link
Scheme from the birth. Haryana is the first state
in the country to do this kind of work.
Chief Minister Free Treatment Scheme
lThe scheme was launched on 1st January,
2014. The main objective of this scheme is to
provide good medical care to all the citizens of the
state.
lUnder this scheme, seven types of services are
provided in government health institutions for free
of cost such as Surgery check, diagnosis, OPD,
medicines, transport, etc.
Matra Suraksha Programme
lMaternal mortality rate in the state was 176 per
lakh in the year 1991- 2001, which has come
down to 127 in the year 2011-13.
455
l According to the latest health data of the
year 2020, the maternal mortality rate in
the state is 91.
l Janani Suraksha Yojana was launched by
the State Government in April, 2008 with
an aim to reduce maternal mortality.
l The main objective of this scheme is to
encourage women belonging to scheduled
castes and tribes to secure maternity in
health centers.
l Under this scheme, an incentive of ` 1,500
is given to women belonging to scheduled
castes and scheduled tribes after delivery in
government and private institutions of
Haryana.
Integrated Disease Surveillance
Program (IDSP)
l The scheme is being operated by the
Haryana State Government in
collaboration with the World Bank since
2005. The main objective of this project is
to prevent spread of epidemics them
immediately.
l Under this project, improvement in
monitoring system related to epidemics,
accumulation of data is being done to
check the diseases and take immediate
action in case of outbreak.
l TB control programme, leprosy prevention
programme, malaria control programme
and national tobacco control program are
also implemented in the state.
l National Old Age Health Care Programme
is being conducted in Nuh, Ambala,
Kurukshetra and Yamunanagar in the
state.
Swasthya Aapke Dwar Programme
State Health Programme is being run from
1st November, 2003. Health services are
being made better under this.
456
Haryana Mental Health Programme
l Mental health campaign was started in the
year 1999 from Kurukshetra district of the
state. Hisar and Gurugram were linked to this
campaign in the year 2006.
l According to the data of National Institute of
Mental Health and Neurosciences,
Government of India, about 1 to 2% of the
population of the country suffers from mental
illnesses.
l Mental health programmes are being run in
the state with the objective of providing proper
counselling and treatment to people suffering
from mental illnesses in the state.
Following are the components of Haryana
Mental Health Programme:
l District Mental Health Programme Mental
health program has been implemented in
Gurugram, Hisar and Kurukshetra since 2006
but the State Government has also included
Panchkula district under this programme in
the year 2015.
l State Institute of Mental Health, Rohtak In
the year 2011, this institution was established
in PGIMS Rohtak. Since 2015, this
institution is being directed by the
Department of Health and Family Welfare.
l Center for Mental Health Excellence This
center was established in the year 2009-10
under the Psychiatric Department of
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences,
Rohtak.
l Trained human resources for mental health
programmes are being prepared by this center.
In this center mainly psychiatrists and
psychologists are trained.
Deendayal Newborn Baby Safety Scheme
The state has planned to provide baby care kits
to all mothers and newborns in public health
care institutions under this scheme.
Know Your State Haryana
National Tuberculosis Programme
To control tuberculosis, a revised National
Tuberculosis Programme has been implemented
in five districts - Faridabad, Gurugram, Jind,
Karnal and Sonipat. Free medicines are given
under this program.
Mission Indradhanush
lThe Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
Government of India launched Mission
Indradhanush on 25th December, 2014.
lIt represents 7 vaccines against 7 diseases
included in the Universal Immunisation
Programme. These diseases are tuberculosis,
polio, myelitis, hepatitis-B, diphtheria, pertussis
(whooping cough), tetanus, and measles.
lThe Chief Minister of Haryana launched this
mission on 7th April, 2015 in 13 districts of
the state (Nuh, Faridabad, Panipat, Karnal,
Palwal, Gurugram, Jhajjar, Kurukshetra,
Sonipat, Sirsa, Yamunanagar, Rewari and
Rohtak).
lBy the year 2020, three phases have been
completed in the state under this mission. The
main objective of this mission is to make the
state tuberculosis free within 5 years.
National Health Insurance Scheme
The scheme is being operated by the Employees
State Insurance in Haryana. An annual
insurance of ` 30,000 is provided under this
scheme.
Family Welfare Programme
lThe family welfare programme in the state is
implemented as a mass campaign. The birth
rate in the state has been reduced under this
programme. The birth rate in the state in
1971 was 42.1, which has come down to 20.7
babies per thousand in the year 2018.
lAs per the 2018 population estimation, the sex
ratio in Haryana was 914.
Education and Health in Haryana
l Three Day Approach Scheme has been
formulated by the State Family Welfare
Department for population control. Under this,
intensive campaign is run for population control
programme three days a week.
l Contraceptive material is distributed free of cost
by Asha workers working in hospitals every
Saturday. On Tuesday, work related to
Copper-T is done and sterilisation operations
are done on any one day of the week.
AIDS Control Programme
l State AIDS Control Committee was constituted
by the State Government for public awareness of
AIDS disease and treatment and care of AIDS
patients in the state.
l AIDS control centers are being established in
every district and subdivision of the state by this
committee.
Ayush Department
l The Indian System of Medicine has been
preserved in the state. The Ayurvedic Medicine
Department of the state worked under the
control of the Health Department till the year
1977, but the State Government set up a
full-time directorate for the AYUSH department
in the year 1977.
l In order to preserve and promote the use of
traditional medical practices such as
Naturopathy, Unani Siddha and Homeopathy,
these methods were brought under the
Directorate of Ayurveda in the year 2006 as per
the directives of the Government of India.
l From 1st April, 2006, the Directorate of
Ayurveda was renamed as AYUSH Department
of Haryana. This department works under the
Ministry of Health and AYUSH. Ayurvedic
education is governed under the Indian Medical
Council Act, 1970.
l To promote AYUSH medicine in the state, one
District Ayurvedic Officer has been appointed
in each district.
457
l There are 11 Ayurvedic colleges and one
homeopathic college of Ayurvedic education
in the state. Srikrishna Government
Ayurvedic College located in Kurukshetra is
run by the State Government.
l MSM Institute of Ayurveda was established
in Sonipat in the year 1973. Presently, it is a
college under Bhagat Phool Singh Women’s
University.
l An Ayurvedic medical institute has been
constructed by the state government in
Narnaul in the name of Baba Khetanath.
l A Government Unani Medical College and
Hospital has been established in Nuh of the
state and National Ayurveda, Yoga and
Naturopathy in Panchkula. The Central
Yoga and Naturopathy Council and a
research institute are being established in
Jhajjar of the state.
Government and Non-Government
Educational Institutions of Haryana under
AYUSH Department are given below:
l Shri Krishna Government Ayurvedic
College, Kurukshetra
l MSM Institute of Ayurveda, Khanpur Kalan
l Baba Mastanath Ayurvedic College, Asthal
Bohar, Rohtak
l Gaur Brahmin Ayurvedic College
Brahmanwas, Rohtak
l Murari Lal Rasiwasia Ayurvedic College,
Charkhi- Dadri
l Chaudhary Devi Lal College of Ayurveda,
Bhagwangarh Jagadhri
l Aayujyoti Ayurvedic College and Hospital,
Sirsa
l Baba Khetanath Ayurvedic College,
Pattikada, Narnaul
l Gangaputra Ayurvedic College Kandela, Jind
l National Ayurvedic College Barwala, Hisar
l Lal Bahadur Shastri Women’s Ayurvedic
College, Bilaspur, Yamunanagar
l J.R Kisan Homoeopathic College, Asthal
Bohar, Rohtak
458 Know Your State Haryana

AYUSH Medical Institute in Haryana l The appointment of 7 members of this

Medical Institute Number
board done by election and 4 members
were nominated by the Government of
Unani Hospital 1
Haryana.
Unani Dispensary 19
l The Chairman of this Board is elected by
Homeopathic Dispensary 25 the Haryana Government.
Ayurvedic Dispensary 511 l This board registers Ayurvedic and Unani
Ayurvedic Primary Health Center 6 practitioners of India.
Ayurvedic Hospital 4 l To promote homeopathic medicine in the
Source: Economic Survey 2020-21 state, a separate Haryana Homeopathic
Medical Council was formed on 31st
Council of Indian Medicine, March, 1970 in the state.
Haryana l There are a total of 11 members in this
l First Ayurvedic Board was constituted on 11th council, out of which three members are
November, 1968 in the state of Haryana. elected by the Haryana Government and 8
l The State Government ended it on 9th July, 1987 are elected by the registered homeopathic
and a new board was formed in its place. practitioners of the state.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. What is the literacy rate of Haryana as per 9. Aarohi Model Schools are located in how
census 2011? many blocks in Haryana?
(a) 76.6% (b) 75.6% (a) 12 (b) 36 (c) 48 (d) 60
(c) 74.6% (d) 71.8% 10. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
2. What is the rank of Haryana in the country (RMSA) was implemented in which year in
in terms of literacy rate? Haryana?
(a) 11th (b) 22nd (a) 2000-02 (b) 2003-05
(c) 25th (d) 30th (c) 2005-07 (d) 2009-11
3. Which district of Haryana has the highest 11. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was implemented
literacy rate as per census 2011? in which year in Haryana?
[HSSC 2020, Haryana Patwari 2016] (a) 2000 (b) 2002
(a) Bhiwani (b) Panchkula (c) 2005 (d) 2010
(c) Gurugram (d) Faridabad
12. Chief Minister School Beautification
4. Which district of Haryana has the lowest Scheme was launched in which year in
literacy rate? [Haryana Patwari 2016] Haryana?
(a) Mahendragarh (b) Rewari (a) 2000 (b) 2002
(c) Bhiwani (d) Mewat (c) 2004 (d) 2006
5. The Directorate of Education, which 13. In which year Punjabi language was
administers and manages the primary and conferred the status of second language of
secondary education in Haryana is located the state by Haryana Government?
in which district of the state? (a) 2002 (b) 2004
(a) Panchkula (b) Rewari (c) 2006 (d) 2010
(c) Gurugram (d) Faridabad
14. Free Text Books scheme was launched in
6. In which year ‘Beti Bachao Beti Padhao’ which year in Haryana?
Programme was launched by the Hon’ble (a) 1990-91 (b) 2000-01
Prime Minister of India? [PGT 2016] (c) 2005-06 (d) 2008-09
(a) 22nd January, 2015
(b) 2nd October, 2014
15. In which district of Haryana residential
(c) 11th September, 2014
schools for physically challenged students
(d) 8th March, 2015
have been opened? [HSSC 2016]
(a) Sonipat (b) Hisar
7. Which sportsperson has been made brand (c) Panipat (d) Karnal
ambassador of the scheme ‘Beti Bachao and
Beti Padhao’ in Haryana? 16. In which year, Dr Ambedkar Medhavi
[Haryana SSC Clerk 2016] Chhatar Sansodhit Yojna was started in
(a) Sakshi Malik (b) Vinesh Phogat Haryana? [PGT 2016]
(c) Deepa Malik (d) Geeta Phogat (a) 2003-04 (b) 2004-05
(c) 2005-06 (d) 2008-09
8. The scheme ‘Aarohi Model School’ was
launched in which year by the Government 17. Haryana Board of School Education was
of India? established in which year?
(a) 2001-02 (b) 2004-05 [Haryana Anganwadi 2017]
(c) 2011-12 (d) 2013-14 (a) 1947 (b) 1969 (c) 1966 (d) 1970
460 Know Your State Haryana

18. Haryana Board of School Education was 29. Who is credited to establish manuscript
established in the year 1969 in Chandigarh museum in Kurukshetra University?
and it was later transferred in .......... . [Haryana Mandi Supervisor 2017]
[PGT 2016] (a) Pt. Sthanu Dutt Sharma
(a) Sonipat (b) Chandigarh (b) Jayram Shashtri
(c) Bhiwani (d) Rohtak (c) Shri Sitaram Shastri
19. Haryana Board of School Education was (d) Kapil Dev Sharma
transferred to ........ in 1981. [PGT 2016] 30. Chaudhary Charan Singh Agricultural
(a) Sonipat (b) Chandigarh University was established in which year?
(c) Bhiwani (d) Rohtak (a) 1940 (b) 1950 (c) 1960 (d) 1970
20. In which year 10 + 2 + 3 system was 31. Chaudhary Charan Singh Agricultural
introduced by the State Government of University is established at .......... .
Haryana? [PGT 2016] [HSSC 2020, Anganbadi Paper 2017]
(a) 1980-81 (b) 1976-77 (c) 1988-89 (d) 1985-86 (a) Karnal (b) Rohtak (c) Ambala (d) Hisar
21. The State Educational Research and 32. Maharishi Dayanand University was set up
Training Council was established in which in which year?
year in Haryana? (a) 1940 (b) 1956 (c) 1966 (d) 1976
(a) 1960 (b) 1965 (c) 1970 (d) 1979
33. Maharishi Dayanand University is
22. Which district of Haryana does not have any established at which place in Haryana?
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya in Haryana? [HSSC 2015]
(a) Hisar (b) Rewari (a) Rohtak (b) Hisar
(c) Jind (d) Charkhi-Dadri (c) Ambala (d) Kurukshetra
23. In which year the Central Government gave 34. Chaudhary Devi Lal University is situated
its consent for the establishment of Sainik at which place in Haryana? [PGT 2016]
School in Haryana? (a) Hisar (b) Sirsa
(a) 2000 (b) 2005 (c) 2010 (d) 2018 (c) Rohtak (d) Panchkula
24. The first University of Haryana is located in 35. The first women’s State University of
which place of the state? Haryana is named after which personality
(a) Panipat (b) Rohtak (c) Rewari (d) Hisar of the state? [PGT 2016]
25. Ahir University is located in which place of (a) Kalpana Chawla
Haryana? (b) Swami Shraddhanand
(a) Hisar (b) Palwal (c) Rewari (d) Jind (c) Bhagat Phool Singh
(d) Swami Dayanand
26. Kurukshetra University was established in
which year? [Haryana Anganbadi Paper 2017] 36. Central University of Haryana is situated
(a) 11th January, 1956 (b) 21st March, 1960 at which place of Haryana?
(c) 1st November 1966 (d) 27th May, 1970 (a) Sirsa (b) Mahendragarh
(c) Hisar (d) Gurugram
27. Kurukshetra University is a .......... .
[PGT 2016] 37. Indira Gandhi University is located at
(a) Central University (b) Private University
which place of Haryana ? [HSSC 2016]
(c) State University (d) None of the above (a) Karnal (b) Hisar (c) Rewari (d) Palwal

28. Which university was inaugurated by Dr 38. How many private Universities are there in
Rajendra Prasad in Haryana? [Clerk 2016] Haryana?
(a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 24 (d) 30
(a) Chandhary Charan Singh Agricultural
University 39. India’s first and only Design University
(b) Kurukshetra University namely World University of Design is set up
(c) Chaudhary Devi Lal University at which place in Haryana state?
(d) YMCA University of Science and (a) Sonipat (b) Gurugram
Technology (c) Rewari (d) Hisar
Education and Health in Haryana 461

40. The National Dairy Research Institute, 51. A research institute CIRB is located in
Karnal was established in the year ........ . Hisar in Haryana. What is the full form of
(a) 1922 (b) 1989 (c) 1930 (d) 1926 CIRB? [HSSC 2020]
41. National Dairy Research Institute is located (a) Council for Information and Research on
in.......... . [HSSC 2020, 19] Buffaloes
(a) Hisar (b) Faridabad (b) Central Industrial Research Board
(c) Karnal (d) Gurugram (c) Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes
(d) Council for Industrial Research on
42. The Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Buffaloes
Research is located at which place of
Haryana? 52. National Brain Institute is located in which
(a) Rohtak (b) Karnal district of Haryana?
(c) Jind (d) Rewari (a) Karnal (b) Gurugram
(c) Hisar (d) Rohtak
43. Bureau of National Animal Genetic
Resource is situated in .......... . 53. The headquarters of Girl’s Battalion is
[Haryana Forest Dept 2017] located in which district of Haryana?
(a) Kurukshetra (b) Sirsa (a) Hisar (b) Ambala
(c) Karnal (d) Faridabad (c) Bhiwani (d) Jind
44. In which district of Haryana, National 54. Haryana has become which state in India to
Institute of Animal Genetics is established? launch ‘State Urban Health Mission’ in the
(a) Rohtak (b) Karnal state?
(c) Yamunanagar (d) Kurukshetra (a) 1st (b) 2nd
45. The Indian Institute of Management (IIM) (c) 3rd (d) 4th
is located at ............... in Haryana. 55. Urban Health Centres have been
(a) Rohtak (b) Karnal (c) Jind (d) Rewari established by Haryana Government in the
46. Indian Institute of Management, IIM areas having population of approx........ .
Rohtak comes on which place in India? [Mandi Supervisor 2017]
(a) 2nd (b) 4th (c) 6th (d) 8th (a) 2 lakh (b) 5 lakh
(c) 50 thousand (d) 1 lakh
47. Rajiv Gandhi Education City is located in
which district of Haryana? 56. According to Economic Survey 2020-21, how
[Mandi Supervisor 2017] many community health Centers are there
(a) Rohtak (b) Sonipat in Haryana?
(c) Panipat (d) Hisar (a) 70 (b) 100
(c) 110 (d) 133
48. EDUSAT Project was started through
which project? [HSSC 2017] 57. The first Medical College was established in
(a) Soft Skill Project which year in Haryana?
(b) English Lab (a) 1960 (b) 1950
(c) Rajiv Gandhi Education Programme (c) 1947 (d) 1931
(d) Direct to Home 58. Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of
49. National Institute of Technology is located Medical Sciences and Research is located
in which district of Haryana? where in Haryana?
(a) Hisar (b) Kaithal (a) Ambala (b) Bhiwani
(c) Karnal (d) Kurukshetra (c) Hisar (d) Jind
50. Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram university of 59. In which year Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma
Science and Technology is located at which University of Health Sciences got the status
place in Haryana? [PGT 2016] of University of Health Sciences?
(a) Sonipat (b) Hisar (a) 2000 (b) 2002
(c) Jind (d) Rohtak (c) 2005 (d) 2008
462 Know Your State Haryana

60. Medical University in Karnal is named 68. In which year Chief Minister Free
after which personality? [HSSC 2018] Treatment Scheme was launched in
(a) Chaudhary Devi Lal Haryana?
(b) Kalpana Chawla (a) 2000 (b) 2004 (c) 2010 (d) 2014
(c) Karnal 69. ‘Swasthya Aapke Dwar Scheme’ was
(d) APJ Abul Kalam launched in which year by the Government
61. Kalpana Chawla Government Medical of Haryana?
College (KCGMC) established in 2017 is (a) 1985 (b) 1992
located at......... . [HSSC 2021] (c) 2000 (d) 2003
(a) Hisar (b) Rewari 70. The State Institute of Mental Health is
(c) Palwal (d) Karnal located in which district of Haryana?
62. According to Economic Survey 2020-21, how (a) Hisar (b) Rohtak
many Government Medical Colleges are (c) Jind (d) Bhiwani
there in Haryana? 71. Mission Indradhanush is related to ........... .
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 11 [HSSC 2017]
63. Narnaul Medical College is located in which (a) Agriculture (b) Revenue
district of Haryana? (c) Health Service (d) Higher Education
(a) Hisar (b) Rohtak 72. To control the Tuberculosis, a ‘Revised
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Bhiwani National Tuberculosis Control Programme’
has been enforced in which district of
64. Cancer Institute was established in which
Haryana?
place of Haryana?
(a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram
(a) Jhajjar (b) Rewari
(c) Jind (d) All of these
(c) Hisar (d) Karnal
73. As per the 2018 population estimation,
65. On which day, ‘Yoga Day’ is celebrated in
the sex-ratio in Haryana was (females/1000
Haryana?
males). [Haryana Tehsildar 2019]
(a) 1st August (b) 21st July
(a) 900 (b) 875 (c) 950 (d) 914
(c) 21st June (d) 1st September
74. In which year Ayush Department was set
66. From which place, Tuberculosis-free
up in Haryana?
Haryana campaign was started in 2015?
(a) 1970 (b) 1971
(a) Hisar (b) Rohtak
(c) Bhiwani (d) Gurugram (c) 1977 (d) 1980

67. Within how many days birth and death 75. In which place Baba Khetanath College, is
registration is mandatory in Haryana? located in Haryana?
(a) 10 days (b) 21 days (a) Hisar (b) Rohtak
(c) 25 days (d) 30 days (c) Gurugram (d) Narnaul

Answers
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (d)
21. (d) 22. (d) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40. (b)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (c) 44. (b) 45. (a) 46. (d) 47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (d) 50. (a)
51. (c) 52. (b) 53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (d) 56. (d) 57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (d) 60. (b)
61. (d) 62. (b) 63. (c) 64. (a) 65. (c) 66. (d) 67. (b) 68. (d) 69. (d) 70. (b)
71. (c) 72. (d) 73. (d) 74. (c) 75. (d)
CHAPTER 28
Demographic Profile
of Haryana
l The first census of the state of Haryana was Five districts with maximum and minimum
done in the year 1971. The 2011 census was male population of Haryana
the fifth census for the state.
Maximum Minimum
l According to the 2011 census, the total (in descending order) (in ascending order)
population of the state is 25351462 in which
Male Male
the number of males is 13494734 and the District
Population
District
Population
number of females is 11856728.
Faridabad 966110 Panchkula 299679
l Haryana is at the18th rank in India in terms
of population. The state is home to 2.09% of Hisar 931562 Rewari 474335
the total population of the country. According
Bhiwani 866672 Mahendragarh 486665
to the 2001 census, Haryana’s population was
only 2.06% of the total population of the Gurugram 816690 Fatehabad 495360
country. Karnal 797712 Kurukshetra 510956
l Faridabad has the highest population and
Panchkula has the lowest population in the Five districts with maximum and minimum
state. female population of Haryana
Five districts with maximum and Maximum Minimum
minimum population of the state (in descending order) (in ascending order)

Maximum Minimum Female Female

District District
(in descending order) (in ascending order) Population Population
District Population District Population Faridabad 843623 Panchkula 261614
Faridabad 1809733 Panchkula 561293
Hisar 812369 Rewari 425997
Hisar 1743931 Rewari 900032
Bhiwani 767773 Mahendragarh 435423
Bhiwani 1634445 Mahendragarh 922088
Karnal 707612 Jhajjar 443738
Gurugram 1514432 Fatehabad 942011
Karnal 1505324 Jhajjar 958405 Gurugram 697742 Fatehabad 446651
464 Know Your State Haryana

Decadal Growth Rate of Haryana
l The change in the number of people in a
region in ten years is called decadal growth.
l As per census 2011, the decadal growth rate of
Haryana is 19.90% which was 28.43% in the
2001 census. The national average decadal
growth rate in 2011 is 17.7%, which is 2.2%
lower than the state’s decadal growth rate.
l Haryana ranks 16th in the country in decadal
growth rate. The population growth rate has
decreased by 8.16% in the year 2011 as
compared to the population of 2001.
l In Haryana, the decadal growth of females in
the year 2011 was 21.23%, while the male
growth rate was 18.75%.
l Haryana ranks 11th (including State and
Union Territory) in the country in terms of
population density.
l After attaining independence, the largest
decrease in population density of Haryana
(44 points) was recorded in 1951-61, while
the highest increase (106 points) was in
1991-2001. During the decade of 1901-1911,
Haryana had the lowest increase in population
density.
Five districts with maximum and minimum
population density of the state
Maximum Minimum
(in descending order) (in ascending order)
Districts Density Districts Density

l After the formation of Haryana state the Faridabad 2442 Sirsa 303
lowest decadal growth rate was recorded in the Gurugram 1204 Bhiwani 342
year 2011 (19.90%) and the highest in the
Panipat 951 Fatehabad 371
year 1971 (32.22%).
Palwal 767 Hisar 438
Five districts with maximum and minimum
decadal growth rate of Haryana Nuh 723 Nuh 464

Maximum Minimum
(in descending order) (in ascending order) Sex-Ratio in Haryana
Growth Rate Growth Rate l The number of females per thousand males is
District District
(in %) (in %) known as the sex-ratio.
Gurugram 73.96 Jhajjar 8.90 l According to the 2011 census, the sex- ratio of
Nuh 37.93 Ambala 11.23 the state is 879, which is less than the national
average sex-ratio (943).
Faridabad 32.54 Jind 12.13
l The sex- ratio of the state in the year 2011 is
Palwal 25.76 Rohtak 12.88
more than the sex- ratio of the year 2001 (861).
Panipat 24.60 Sonipat 13.35 l According to the census of 2011, Haryana was
ranked 35th among all the States/Union
Population Density of Haryana Territories of the country in terms of child
l The number of people living in per sq km is sex-ratio. While it is on 29th rank in the
called population density. country in terms of adult sex-ratio.
l According to the 2011 census, Haryana has a l After independence Haryana recorded
population density of 573 persons per sq km minimum growth in sex-ratio (-5) in the year
which is 95 persons per sq km more than the 1991, while it recorded maximum increase in
478 persons per sq km in 2001. sex-ratio (+18) in 2011.
Demographic Profile of Haryana 465

Five districts with maximum and minimum Five districts with maximum and minimum
sex-ratio in the state literacy rate of the state
Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum
(in descending order) (in ascending order) (in descending order) (in ascending order)
District Literacy Rate(%) District Literacy Rate(%)
District Sex-Ratio District Sex-Ratio
Gurugram 84.70 Nuh 54.08
Nuh 907 Gurugram 854
Panchkula 81.88 Fatehabad 67.92
Fatehabad 902 Sonipat 856
Ambala 81.75 Sirsa 68.82
Rewari 898 Jhajjar 862
Faridabad 81.70 Kaithal 69.15
Sirsa 897 Panipat 864
Rewari 80.99 Palwal 69.32
Mahendragarh 895 Rohtak 867
Five districts with maximum and minimum
male literacy rate of the state
Literacy Rate in Haryana
Maximum Minimum
l A person who is 7 years or above and can read (in descending order) (in ascending order)
or write with understanding any language is
Male Male
called literate. Districts Literacy District Literacy
Rate (in %) Rate (in %)
l According to census 2011, Haryana has a
literacy rate of 75.60%, which is 1.6% Rewari 91.44 Nuh 69.94
higher than the national average literacy rate Gurugram 90.46 Fatehabad 76.14
(74%). Mahendragarh 89.72 Sirsa 76.43
l According to census 2011, the male literacy Jhajjar 89.31 Kaithal 77.98
rate in the state is 84.10% and the female Faridabad 88.61 Jind 80.81
literacy rate is 65.90%.
l As compared to 2001, the literacy rate of Five districts with maximum and minimum
Haryana has increased by 7.7% in the census female literacy rate
2011 in which male literacy rate has Maximum Minimum
increased by 5.6% and female literacy rate (in descending order) (in ascending order)
by 10.2%. Female Female
District Literacy District Literacy
l According to census 2011, Haryana ranks Rate (in %) Rate (in %)
15th in the country in terms of total literacy
Gurugram 77.98 Nuh 36.60
rate.
Panchkula 75.99 Palwal 54.23
l After the independence, the lowest increase in
the average literacy rate of the state has been Ambala 75.75 Fatehabad 58.87
recorded in the year 2011 (7.7%) and the Faridabad 73.84 Kaithal 59.24
highest increase has been recorded (18.72%)
Rohtak 71.72 Sirsa 60.40
in the year 1991.
466 Know Your State Haryana

Haryana Population 2011 l Thus, the proportion of 0-6 years age

group population has decreased by 2.5%
Population Sex-
Districts Male Female Total
Density Ratio between the years 2001-11. The main
reason for this is the decrease in fertility
Ambala 598703 529647 1128350 717 885
rate.
Panchkula 299679 261614 561293 625 873 l According to census 2011, the
Yamunanagar 646718 567487 1214205 687 877 proportion of population in the age
group 0-6 in the state (13.3%) is 0.3%
Kurukshetra 510976 453679 964655 630 888
less than the national average (13.6%).
Kaithal 571003 503301 1074304 464 881 l According to census 2011, population of
Karnal 797712 707612 1505324 597 887 children of 0-6 age group in the total
Panipat 646857 558580 1205437 951 864
urban population of the state, is 1095609
and in rural area 2285112.
Sonipat 781299 668702 1450001 683 856
l According to the census 2011, Nuh has
Rohtak 568479 492725 1061204 608 867 the highest number of children of 0-6 age
Jhajjar 514667 443738 958405 523 862 group and lowest percentage of 0-6 age
group population is found in Ambala in
Faridabal 966110 843623 1809733 2442 873
the state.
Palwal 554497 488211 1042708 767 880 l As per census 2011, the sex-ratio in the
Gurugram 816690 697742 1514432 1204 854 0-6 age group in the state is 834, which
was 819 in the 2001 census. Thus,
Nuh (Mewat) 571162 518101 1089263 723 907
between 2001 and 2011, there has been
Rewari 474335 425997 900332 565 898 an increase of 15 points in the state’s
Mahendragarh 486665 435423 922088 486 895 child sex-ratio.
Bhiwani 866672 767773 1634445 342 886
l According to census 2011, the child
sex-ratio in Haryana is 85 points less
Jind 713006 621146 1334152 494 871 than the national average (919).
Hisar 931562 812369 1743931 438 872 l According to census 2011, the child
Fatehabad 495360 446651 942011 371 902 sex-ratio of Haryana is 835 in rural areas
and 832 in urban areas.
Sirsa 682582 612607 1295189 303 897
Five districts with maximum and
Total (2011) 13494734 11856728 25351462 573 879
minimum child sex-ratio of the state
Maximum Minimum
Child Population (0-6 years) and Sex-Ratio (in descending order) (in ascending order)
in Haryana
Child Child
District District
l As per census 2011, the total number of children of Sex-Ratio Sex-Ratio
the age group 0-6 years is 3380721 out of which Nuh 906 Mahendragarh 775
1843109 are boys and 1537612 are girls. Palwal 866 Jhajjar 782
l According to census 2001, the percentage of Panchkula 863 Rewari 787
children (0-6 years) in the total population was Sirsa 862 Sonipat 798
15.8%, which has increased to 13.3% as per
Fatehabad 854 Ambala 810
census 2011.
Demographic Profile of Haryana 467

Rural and Urban Population in
Haryana
l According to census 2011, the rural
population of Haryana is 16509359 and the
urban population is 8842103.
l According to census 2011, the share of rural
population in the total population of the state
is 65.12% and that of urban population is
34.88%. On the basis of rural-urban
population Haryana ranks 16th in the country
in terms of rural and urban population.
l As per of 2001-11 the state’s rural population
has decreased by 5.98%. At the same time,
urban population has increased by 5.98% in
this same interval.
l According to census 2011, Haryana ranks
17th and 14th, respectively, in the country in
terms of total rural and urban population.
l According to census 2011, the growth rate of
rural population of the state is 9.85% and that
l According to census 2011, the highest rural
population is in Bhiwani (1313123) and
lowest is in Panchkula (248063).
l According to census 2011, the highest
population growth rate is in Nuh (32.89%)
district and minimum in Gurugram (16.43%).
l According to census 2011, the district with the
highest rural population percentage in the
state is Nuh (88.61%) and the lowest rural
population percentage is found in Faridabad
(20.49%).
l According to census 2011, the number of
towns with 1 to 10 lakh population in the
state is 19 and the number of towns with
population more than 10 lakh is 1
(Faridabad).
Five districts with maximum and minimum
rural population of the state
Maximum Minimum
(in descending order) (in ascending order)

of urban population is 44.59%. District

Rural
District
Rural
Population Population
l According to census 2011, the growth rate of
rural population of the state is 2.35% less than Bhiwani 1313123 Panchkula 248063
the national average (12.2). Hisar 1190443 Faridabad 370878
l According to census 2011, the growth of Karnal 1050514 Gurugram 472179
population in Gurugram is highest (236.53%)
Jind 1028569 Rohtak 615040
and lowest in Sirsa district (8.79%).
Sonipat 996637 Ambala 627576
l As per census 2011, the sex- ratio of the urban
areas of the state is 873 and that of rural areas Five districts with maximum and minimum
is 882. However, according to the census 2001 urban population of the state
the sex- ratio of urban areas was 847 and that
of rural areas was 868. Maximum Minimum
(in descending order) (in ascending order)
l According to the 2011 census, the average
Urban Urban
literacy rate in urban areas of the state is District
Population
District
Population
83.1% and that of rural areas is 71.4%.
Faridabad 1438855 Nuh 124106
l According to the 2011 census, the male
literacy rate in urban area of the state is Gurugram 1042253 Mahendragarh 132855
88.6%, and that of rural area is 81.6%. Panipat 555085 Fatehabad 179588
l According to the 2011 census, the female Hisar 553488 Rewari 233430
literacy rate in urban areas of the state is
Ambala 500774 Kaithal 236011
76.9% and that of rural areas is 60%.
468 Know Your State Haryana

Birth and death rate in Haryana l According to census 2011, the lowest population of
Birth rate in Haryana 20.5 per thousand
Christians in Haryana is in Mahendragarh (0.03%),
the lowest population of Sikhs is in Nuh(0.05%), the
Urban birth rate in 18.2 per thousand
Haryana
lowest population of Buddhists is in Yamunanagar and
the lowest population of Jains is in Kaithal (0.03%).
Rural birth rate in 21.9 per thousand
Haryana l The state has the highest sex-ratio among the Christian
Death rate in Haryana 5.8 per thousand community (918).
Urban death rate in 5.0 per thousand l The Jain community of the state has the highest
Haryana literacy rate (94.2%) and the Muslim community has
Rural death rate in 6.3 per thousand the lowest literacy rate (40%) in Haryana.
Haryana Haryana: Religion Based Census Statistics 2011
Child mortality rate in 30 per thousand
Persons Male Female
Haryana Religion Total Total Total
(%) (%) (%)
Urban child mortality 25 per thousand
rate in Haryana Hinduism 22171128 87.46 11821082 53.32 10350046 46.68

Rural child mortality rate 32 per thousand Islam 1781342 7.03 940027 52.77 841315 47.23
in Haryana
Sikhism 1243752 4.91 653468 52.54 590284 47.46

Jainism 52613 0.21 27358 52.00 25255 48

Haryana Religion Based
Census Christianity 50353 0.20 26165 51.96 24188 48.04

l According to census 2011, maximum Buddhism 7514 0.02 4099 54.55 3415 45.45
population in Haryana (87.46%) Others 44760 0.18 22535 50.35 22225 49.65
believe in Hinduism, while the lowest
Total 25351462 100 13494734 100 11856728 100
population is Buddhist (0.02%). Population
l According to census 2011, there was
an increase of 1.25% in the Muslim Occupational Structure in Haryana
population in the state and a decrease l As per census 2011, the average work force in Haryana
of 0.77% in Hindu population in the
is 35.17%. The participation rate is 36.36% in rural
decade 2001-2011.
areas and 32.95% in urban areas.
l Mahendragarh in the state has the
highest Hindu population (99.04%)
l According to census 2011, only 35.17% of the total
population of Haryana is in the working group. The
and Nuh has the highest (79.20%)
remaining (64.83%) population belongs to the
Muslim population in Haryana.
dependent group. The participation of males in the
l As per census 2011, the highest total work force of the state is 76.34% and that of
population of Christians is found in females is 23.66%.
Gurugram (0.64%), highest Sikh
population is found in Sirsa
l According to census 2011, 67.33% people of the total
(26.17%), highest Buddhist working group of Haryana live in rural areas and
population is found in 32.67% people live in urban areas. Around 76.68% of
Panchkula(0.18%), and the highest the total working population of the state are workers
Jain population is found in Gurugram and the remaining 21.32% people are under marginal
(0.49%). workers.
Demographic Profile of Haryana 469

l According to census 2011, 44.96% of the l Rewari district has the highest literacy rate of
total working population of Haryana is related scheduled castes and Sirsa district has the
to agriculture. Of the total workers of the lowest literacy rate of scheduled castes in the
state, 2.94% are employed in domestic state.
industries and 52.10% are employed in other l According to the census 2011, the sex-ratio of
sectors. scheduled castes in Haryana is 887.
Population of Scheduled Castes in l According to the census 2011, the child
Haryana sex-ratio (0-6 years) of scheduled castes in
Haryana is 876.
l According to the census 2011, in Haryana, the
total population of Scheduled Castes is Highest and Lowest Scheduled Caste
5113615 (20.02%), of which the male Population District
population is 2709656 and the female Maximum Minimum
(in descending order) (in ascending order)
population is 2403959.
SC SC
l According to the census 2011 the Districts
Population
Districts
Population
sheduled castes population of Haryana is 2.5% Hisar 408785 Mewat 75251
of the total scheduled castes population of
Sirsa 387381 Panchkula 101830
India.
Bhiwani 341162 Mahendragarh 156314
l The total literacy rate of scheduled castes in
the state is 66.85%, with a total literacy rate of Karnal 339604 Jhajjar 170448
75.92% for male and 56.64% for females. Note Scheduled Tribes (STs) are not found in Haryana.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. The census of 2011 was the ....... census of 11. What is the rank of Haryana in India in
Haryana. terms of population growth in the state?
(a) 1st (b) 3rd (c) 5th (d) 7th [HSSC 2020]
2. What is the total population of Haryana as (a) 14th (b) 15th (c) 16th (d) 17th
per census 2011? [PGT 2016] 12. As per census 2011, which district of
(a) 26372462 (b) 25351462 Haryana has the highest population growth
(c) 27263462 (d) 25153462 rate in the state? [PGT 2016]
3. What is the rank of Haryana in India terms (a) Gurugram (b) Mewat
of total population of the state? [PGT 2016] (c) Faridabad (d) Palwal
(a) 14th (b) 15th (c) 16th (d) 18th 13. As per census 2011, which district of
4. As per census 2011, what is the percentage Haryana has the lowest population growth
of total population of Haryana to the total rate in the state?
population of the country? (a) Ambala (b) Jhajjar
[Haryana Police 2018] (c) Jind (d) Gurugram
(a) 2.09% (b) 4.08% (c) 6.70% (d) 10.10% 14. The crude density of population is known
5. Which district of Haryana is the most as............... . [Haryana Tehsildar 2019]
populous district of the state? (a) Mathematical Density
(a) Faridabad (b) Hisar (b) Agricultural Density
(c) Gurugram (d) Panchkula (c) Nutritional Density
(d) None of the above
6. As per census 2011 and prediction of 2020,
which city of Haryana has the highest 15. What is the Population Density of Haryana
population? [HSSC 2021] as per census 2011?
(a) Ambala (b) Panipat (a) 573 (b) 666 (c) 733 (d) 855
(c) Faridabad (d) Gurugram 16. Which district of Haryana has the highest
7. Which district of Haryana has the lowest population density, as per census 2011?
population in the state? [HSSC 2020, PGT 2016]
(a) Panchkula (b) Faridabad (a) Panipat (b) Panchkula
(c) Fatehabad (d) Rewari (c) Rohtak (d) Faridabad

8. Which district of Haryana has the highest 17. Which district of Haryana has the lowest
female population as per census 2011? population density, as per census 2011?
[HSSC Auction Recorder 2016] [PGT 2016]
(a) Gurugram (b) Karnal (a) Sirsa (b) Karnal
(c) Bhiwani (d) Faridabad (c) Jhajjar (d) Rewari
9. Which district of Haryana has the lowest 18. What is the sex-ratio of Haryana, as per
female population? census 2011? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Bhiwani (b) Hisar (a) 844 (b) 879 (c) 911 (d) 958
(c) Panchkula (d) None of these 19. Which district of Haryana has the highest
10. What is the population growth rate of sex-ratio in the state as per census 2011?
Haryana, as per census 2011? (a) Fatehabad (b) Mewat (Nuh)
(a) 15.69% (b) 17.49% (c) 18.5% (d) 19.90% (c) Sirsa (d) Rewari
Demographic Profile of Haryana 471

20. Which district of Haryana has the lowest 30. As per census 2011, which district of
sex-ratio in the state as per census 2011? Haryana has the lowest urban population in
(a) Rohtak (b) Gurugram (c) Jind (d) Sonipat the state?
21. What is the literacy rate of Haryana, as per (a) Mahendragarh (b) Fatehabad
census 2011? [PGT 2016, HSSC 2015] (c) Nuh (d) Rewari
(a) 65.94% (b) 75.60% (c) 84.06% (d) 91.11% 31. What is the child mortality rate of Haryana
as per census 2011?
22. Which district of Haryana has the highest
(a) 39 per thousand (b) 40 per thousand
literacy in the state as per census 2011?
(c) 30 per thousand (d) 50 per thousand
(a) Faridabad (b) Gurugram
(c) Ambala (d) Panchkula 32. Population of which religious group is
highest in Haryana? [HSSC Supervisor 2017]
23. Which district of Haryana has the lowest
literacy rate in the state as per census (a) Hindusim (b) Muslim (Islam)
2011? [Anganwadi 2016] (c) Buddhist (d) Jewish
(a) Mewat (Nuh) (b) Sirsa 33. As per census 2011, how much percentage
(c) Kaithal (d) Fatehabad of working population is engaged in
24. Which district of Haryana has recorded agricultural practices?
highest female literacy rate as per census (a) 44.96% (b) 45.90% (c) 50.22% (d) 60.26%
2011? [HSSC 2021, HSSC Clerk 2017, ] 34. As per census 2011, what is the percentage
(a) Faridabad (b) Karnal of the total Scheduled Caste (SC) population
(c) Ambala (d) Gurugram of Haryana to the total SC population of the
country? [PGT 2016]
25. Which district of Haryana has recorded
(a) 1.0% (b) 2.54% (c) 3.51% (d) 4.61%
lowest female literacy rate as per census
2011? [HSSC Supervisor 2017] 35. As per census 2011, which district of
(a) Mewat (Nuh) (b) Rewari Haryana has the highest SC literacy rate in
(c) Mahendragarh (d) Bhiwani the state?
(a) Sirsa (b) Rewari
26. As per the census 2011 what is the
(c) Gurugram (d) Mewat
percentage of population of children
(0-6 year) in Haryana? 36. As per census 2011, which district of
(a) 12.3% (b) 13.3% (c) 13.6% (d) 13.9% Haryana has the highest SC population in
the state?
27. The child sex ratio of Haryana, as per (a) Jhajjar (b) Mewat
census 2011 is........... . (c) Panchkula (d) Hisar
(a) 840 (b) 845 (c) 859 (d) 834
37. Which district of Haryana has the lowest
28. As per census 2011, what is the percentage SC population in the state as per census
of rural population of Haryana? [PGT 2016] 2011?
(a) 65.12% (b) 62.5% (c) 72.5% (d) 75.12% (a) Sirsa (b) Mewat (c) Bhiwani (d) Hisar
29. As per census 2011, which district of 38. Which state of India does not have any
Haryana has the highest urban population Scheduled Tribe population?
in the state? (a) Jammu and Kashmir
(a) Gurugram (b) Panipat (b) West Bengal
(c) Hisar (d) Faridabad (c) Haryana (d) Bihar

Answers
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (d)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (d) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (b)
21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (c)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (b) 38. (c)
CHAPTER 29
Sports and Awards
in Haryana
l Sports have played a important role in the
overall development of humans. Sports help
in developing a sense of healthy
competition among people and making
good relationship between them, along
with the means of recreation and physical
efficiency.
l The major rural sports of Haryana state are
wrestling, kabaddi, pittu, gadda, ghori,
chunia ghati, sulia-danda, fora jumping,
khuliya, aankh-micholi, jhirka-jhanki, etc.
Famous Sports of Haryana
Some of the important sports of Haryana are
discussed below:
Athletics
l Haryana has many athletes which made the
state proud by winning medals for the
country. Haryana State Athletics
Association (HSAA) was founded in the
year 1967 and working for the promotion
of athletes and athletics in the state.
l Important athletes of Haryana are Deepa
Malik (Para athlete) and Narender Ranbir
(Para athlete) in Javelin Throw, Seema
Punia Antil and Krishna Poonia in Discus
Throw, Om Prakash Karhana in Shot Put,
Chand Ram in Roadwalk, Manjit Singh,
Geeta Zutshi in Middle-distance running.
Some important athletes of Haryana are as follow:
l Bhim Singh He was born on 13th April, 1945 in
Dhanana village of Bhiwani district in Haryana.
He is an Indian former high jumper. He made his
international debut at the 8th Commonwealth
Games held at Kingston in Jamaica in 1966.
l In 1968, he won Gold medal in Asian Games and
made a record of 6.9 feet (2.05 metres) high jump.
He was honoured by Arjuna Award in 1967.
l Bahadur Singh He was born on 8th February,
1946 in Haryana. He is a former Indian Shot
Putter.
l He won Gold medal in 1978 Asian Games (8th)
and 1982 Asian Games (9th) and in 1975 Asian
Athletics Championships. He was honoured by
Arjuna Award, Padma Shri and Dronacharya
Award.
l Chand Ram He was born on 26th January, 1958
in Haryana. He is a former Indian athlete. He won
Gold medal in 1982 Asian Games (9th) at Delhi
in 20 km road walk which was a world record.
l He again made a world record by winning a Gold
medal in 1983 Asian Track and Field Meet (5th)
in 20 km road walk at Kuwait.
l Deepa Malik She was born on 30th September,
1970 in Bhaisuial, Sonipat district. She became
the first Indian woman to win a medal in
Paralympic Games winning a Silver medal in
2016 Summer Paralympic in Shot Put event.
Sports and Awards in Haryana
l She also won a Gold medal in Javelin event in
the Para Athletic Grand Prix in 2018. She has
been honoured by Haryana Karambhoomi
Award in 2008, Arjuna Award in 2012, Padma
Shri Award in 2017 and Rajiv Gandhi Khel
Ratna Award in 2019.
▲ DEEPA MALIK
l Seema Punia Antil She was born on 27th July,
1983 in Khewda village of Sonipat district,
Haryana. She is an Indian Discus thrower.
l She has become first women to won a Gold
medal in World Junior Championship (8th) at
2000 in Santiago (Chile). She also won Gold
medal in 2014 Asian Games.
l She won Silver medals in Commonwealth
Games in the year 2006, 2014 and 2018. She
also won Bronze medal in 2010
Commonwealth Games and 2018 Asian
Games.
l She was the first women who honoured with
Arjuna Award in 2018 Gymnastic games and
Bhim Award in 2006 by Haryana
Government.
l Manjit Singh He was born on 1st September,
1989 in Ujhana, Jind district of Haryana. He
is an Indian middle-distance runner who
specialises in the 800 metres and 1500 metres
events. He represented India at the 2018 Asian
Games where he won the Gold in the 800
metres event at Jakarta.
l Neeraj Chopra He was born on 24th
December, 1997 in Khandra village of Panipat
district, Haryana.
473
l He is an Indian track and field athlete who
competes in Javelin Throw. He won many
Gold medals in different games e.g. 2016
South Asian Games, 2017 Asian
Championships, 2018 Commonwealth games
and 2018 Asian Games.
l He was honoured with Rajiv Gandhi Khel
Ratna Award, 2018. He was the flag bearer at
the opening ceremony for India at the 2018
Asian Games.
l Other Athletes Narendra Ranbir, Krishna
Punia, Suresh Yadav, Chandrapal Rathi, Geeta
Zutshi, Neelam J. Singh, Shri Chandra,
Captain hawa Singh, Captain Mohabbat Singh,
Sabar Ali, Sundar Singh, Rajendra Kumar,
Sant Kumar, Karan Singh, Punam Taneja, Anil
Kumar, Sunita Sharma, Sandeep Kothia, Duti
Chand, Swapna Barman and so on.
Boxing
l Boxing is one of the main sports in Haryana.
Bhiwani district is famous for Boxing. Bhiwani
district is known as the power house of boxing.
l Haryana has a number of Boxing Training
Centres and Boxing Clubs, which provide
training to the national level boxers. Thus, it is
known as Mini Cuba of India.
Some important boxers from Haryana are as
follows :
l Akhil Kumar He was born on 27th March,
1981 in Bhiwani district. He won Gold medal
in Commonwealth Games in 2006 and Bronze
medal in 2007 Asian Championship. He was
honoured with Arjun Award in 2005.
474
l Vijender Singh Beniwal He was born on 29th
October, 1985 in Kaluwas, Bhiwani district.
He is the first Indian professional boxer. He
was the youngest boxer in Athens Summer
Olympics 2004.
l He won Bronze medal in Asian Games in
2006 and won Gold medal in National games.
He won a Bronze medal in 2008 Olympic
Games in Beijing and became the first Indian
boxer to won medal in Olympic Games.
l He won Gold medal in 2010, Asian Games
and Silver medal in 2014 Commonwealth
Games.
l He was honoured by Arjuna Award in
2006 and Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
in 2009.
l Manoj Kumar Kaltagdia He was born on
10th December, 1986 in Kaithal district.
l He is an Indian boxer. He won Bronze medal
in Asian Boxing Championships in 2007 and
2013.
l He won Gold medal in Commonwealth
Games in 2010 and South Asian Games in
2016 (in 64 km category). He won Bronze
medal in 2018 Commonwealth Games, He
was awarded arjuna Award in 2014.
l Jitender Kumar He was born on 18th July,
1988 in Bhiwani district in Haryana. He is an
Indian flyweight boxer. He won the Bronze
medal in the flyweight category at the 2006
Commonwealth Games and also won Gold
medal in 33rd National Games in 2008.
Know Your State Haryana
l Sunil Kumar He was born on 5th May, 1990
in Haryana. He won the Istanbul (Turkey)
Under-17 World Championship in 2006.
l Vikas Krishan Yadav He was born on 10th
February, 1992 in Hisar district. He won Gold
medal in the 2010 Asian Games and in 2018
Commonwealth Games and won Bronze
medal in 2017 Asian Championships.
l He also won Bronze medal in 2011 World
Amateur Boxing Championship and 2014
Incheon Asian Games. He was honoured by
Arjuna Award in 2012.
l Gaurav Solanki He was born on 21st January,
1997 in Faridabad district. He won Gold
medal in 2018 Commonwealth Games. He is
the first youngest boxer of India who won
Gold medal in Commonwealth Games.
l Other Boxers Dinesh Kumar (honoured by
Arjuna Award), Girwar Singh, Ajmer Singh,
Amit Panghal, Manish Kaushik, Naman
Tanwar, Sunil Kumar, Jitendra Kumar, Dinesh
Kumar, Hawa Singh, Jagdish Singh (awarded
by Dronacharya Award), Jai Bhagwan, Mina
Kumari, Jyotsna, and so on.
Cricket
l Cricket started in Haryana with the Ranji
Trophy. The first Ranji match in the state was
played in the year 1982. The first cricket
stadium of the state is located in ‘Nahar Singh’
Faridabad. This stadium was built in the year
1981.
l The First Ranji match was played in this
stadium. Haryana Cricket Association
supervises the cricket sport in the state.
Some important cricket players from Haryana
are as follow:
l Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi He was a famous
cricketer. His father Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi
was also related to cricket. Masoor Ali Khan
was born on 5th January, 1941. He was the
Nawab of Pataudi Princely State, Gurugram.
Sports and Awards in Haryana
l He became the captain of the Indian cricket
team in the year 1962. In 1969, he published
his autobiography, ‘Tiger’s Tale’.
l He was also known as Tiger Pataudi. He was
married to Sharmila Tagore. He is described
as one of India’s greatest cricket Captain. He
is also called the best fielder in the world
during his time. He has got Arjuna Award
(1964) and Padma Shri (1967).
l Kapil Dev He was born on 6th January, 1959
in Chandigarh district. He is also known as
Haryana Hurricane. He was named by Wisden
as the Indian Cricketer of the Century in 2002.
l India won World Cup Championship in
1983 under the Captaincy of Kapil Dev. He
has been awarded by Arjuna Award, Padma
Shri Award and Padma Bhushan Award.
l Virendra Sehwag He was born on 20th
October, 1978 in Chhudani, Jhajjar district
of Haryana. He is also famous as the Sultan
of Multan. He represents Delhi in cricket.
He played his first ODI match for India in
the year 1999 and the first Test match in the
year 2001. Sehwag is the third batsman in the
world to score a triple century (319 runs) in
Test cricket after Sir Donald Bradman and
Brian Lara.
l He was awarded the Arjuna Award in the year
2002 by the Government of India. He has
opened the Sehwag International School and
Sports Academy in Jhajjar.
475
l Joginder Sharma He was born on 23rd
October, 1983 in Rohtak, Haryana. He is a
right-handed batsman and a right-arm
medium-fast bowler and captain of his state,
Haryana.
l Sharma performed strongly in the 2007 Indian
domestic season to bring himself into
contention for national selection. Sharma
found a place for himself in the 2007 T 20
World Cup in South Africa.
l Yuzvendra Chahal He was born on 23rd July,
1990 in Jind, Haryana. He represents India in
both One Day International and Twenty 20
International. He plays for Haryana in Indian
domestic cricket and Royal Challengers
Bengaluru in the Indian Premier League.
l He is a fastest Indian bowler. He made his ODI
debut on 11th June, 2016 against Zimbabwe.
l In November 2019, during the third T20
series against Bangladesh, he became the third
bowler for India to take 50 wickets in T 20
series.
l Other Cricketers Ajay Ratra, Joginder Rao, Ajay
Jadeja, etc.
Hockey
l Hockey sport has flourished well in the state.
The ‘Hockey Haryana’, a recognised State
Association, governs and conducts all activities
for both men and women hockey in the state.
l It organises many events of Hockey Sports like,
Hockey Indian Sub-Junior Women National
Championship, Hockey State Sub-Junior Men
National Championship, Hockey India Senior
Women National Hockey Championship and
so on.
Some important hockey players from Haryana are
discussed below :
l Mamta Kharab She was born on 26th January,
1982 in Rohtak, Haryana. She is the former
Captain of the Indian Women’s Hockey Team.
476
l She is known as Golden Girl, of the Indian
Women Hockey Team. She was part of Indian
team which won Gold medal in 2002
Commonwealth Games and 2004 Hockey
Asia Cup.
l She was also part of Indian team which won
Silver medal in the 18th Commonwealth
Games (Melbourne 2006) and Indian Women
Hockey Team which won a Silver medal in
2018, Commonwealth Games.
l he has been awarded with Haryana’s most
Prestigious sports award i.e. Bhim Award and
in 2003 with Arjuna Award.
l Sandeep Singh He is an Indian field hockey
player and an ex-captain of the Indian
National Team. He was born on 27th
February, 1986 in Shahabad town in
Kurukshetra. He is a penalty corner specialist
for the team. He currently holds a DSP rank
in the Haryana Police.
l He made his international debut in January
2004 in Sultan Azlan Shah Cup in Kuala
Lumpur. He took over as the Captain of the
Indian National Team in January 2009. Under
his captaincy, India won Gold medal in Sultan
Azlam Shah Cup in 2009. He was honoured
by Arjuna Award in 2010 and Khel Ratna
Award on 29th August, 2017.
l Sardar Singh He was born on 15th July, 1986
in Sant Nagar, Sirsa district. He is an Indian
former professional field hockey player and
captain of the Indian National Team.
Know Your State Haryana
l He won Bronze medal in Sultan Azlan Shah
Cup hockey tournament in 2006. Under his
captaincy, the Indian Hockey Team won silver
medal in Commonwealth Games in 2010 and
2014, a bronze medal in Asian Games in
2010, and Gold medal in Incheon Asian
Games in 2014.
l He was awarded by Arjuna Award in 2012 and
Padam Shri in 2015.
l Other Hockey Players Bhupinder Kaur, Pritam
Thakran, Kuldeep Siwach, Suman Bala,
Surinder Kaur, Pritam Rani Siwach, Jasjit
Kaur Handa, Sita Gosai, Sandeep Singh, Anil
Nandal, Sanjay Dang, Kamla Dalal, Balvinder
Kaur, Sunita Dalal, Rajvinder Kaur, Rani
Rampal etc.
Kabaddi
l Kabaddi is one of the major sports in the state
of Haryana. It is also called the native sports of
the state. Pro-Kabaddi League was launched at
the National level in 2014 to promote
Kabaddi sport in the country.
l Haryana Steelers is a Sonipat based team
representing the state of Haryana in the Pro
Kabaddi League. This team participated in the
fifth season of Kabaddi League for the first
time in the year 2017.
l During the fifth season, the Captain of the
team was Surendra Nada. Some important
kabaddi players from Haryana are as follow :
l Surender Nada He was born on 1st July, 1987
in Jhajjar district of Haryana. He is the
Captain and defender of Haryana Steelers, the
new franchise of Pro Kabaddi League 2017.
l He represented the Indian National Team in
the 2016 Kabaddi World Cup held in
Ahmedabad.
l He is consistently ranked among the Top Ten
Defenders in all seasons of Pro Kabaddi
League.
Sports and Awards in Haryana
l Deepak Niwas Hooda He was born on 10th
June, 1994 in Chamaria, Rohtak district,
Haryana. He was part of the Indian team
which won Gold medals in Kabaddi World
Cup, 2016 South Asian Games, 2017, Asian
Kabaddi Championship and Kabaddi Masters.
He was also part of team which won Bronze
medal in 2018 Asian Games.
l Other Kabaddi Players Rammehar, Ram
Singh Thardak, Sher Singh, Brahma Prakash,
Shed Baniwal and so on.
Wrestling
l This is a famous and traditional sport of
Haryana. In the British Empire and
Commonwealth Games organised in Kardik
(Britain) in 1958, wrestler Lila Ram Sangwan
of Charkhi- Dadri district had the privilege
of being the first wrestler to win a Gold
medal in the Commonwealth Games in
1958.
l Master Chandgi Ram created a record by
receiving the title Bharat Kesari and Hind
Kesari twice. Sunita Sharma is the first female
player of wrestling sports in Haryana.
Some of the important wrestlers of Haryana are
as follows:
l Sajjan Singh He was born on 24th April,
1932 in Mahendragarh. He won the National
Wrestling Championship in the year 1959. He
represented India at the Rome Olympic
Games (1960). He won a Silver medal in
wrestling at the Jakarta Asian Games. He was
given the title of Rustam-e-Hind.
l Pahalwan Udaychand He was born on 25th
June, 1935 in Fatehabad district. In the year
1961, he won a Bronze medal in the men’s
freestyle competition at the World Wrestling
Championship organised in Yokohama, Japan.
l For this achievement, Pahalwan Udaychand
was awarded India’s first Arjuna Award in
wrestling in the year 1962.
477
l Master Chandgi Ram He was born on 9th
November, 1937 in Sisay, Hisar district. He
won a Gold medal in wrestling at the Asian
Games held in Bangkok in 1970. He was
honoured by Arjuna Award in 1969 and
Padma Shri Award in 1971 by the
Government of India.
l Yogeshwar Dutt He was born on 2nd
November, 1982 in Bhainswal Kalan, Sonipat
district, Haryana. He is an Indian free style
wrestler. He won Gold medals in
Commonwealth Games 2003, 2005, 2007,
2010, 2014 and Asian Championships 2008,
2012 and Asian Games 2014.
l He also won Bronze medals in 2012 Olympic
Games and 2006 Asian Games. He was
awarded by Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
in 2012 and Padma Shri in 2013.
▲ YOGESHWAR DUTT
l Geetika Jakhar She was born on 18th August,
1985 in Agroha town of Hisar district. She
won Silver medal in Asian Games, 2006 at
Doha, Qatar. She won Gold medals in
Commonwealth Wrestling Championship, 2003
and 2005. She won Bronze medal in 2013 Asian
Wrestling Championship at Delhi.
l She won Silver medal in Commonwealth
Games in 2014 and Bronze medal in Incheon
Asian Games in the same year. She is the first
women wrestler who won Arjuna Award. She
has also been honoured by Bhim Award and
Kalpana Chawla Excellence Award for
Outstanding Women, 2009.
478 Know Your State Haryana

l Gita Phogat She was born on 15th December, (in 2017). She got Bronze medal in 2018
1988 in Balali, Bhiwani district. She is the Commonwealth Games.
first Indian female wrestler to have qualified l She won Gold medal in (2019) Senior
for the Olympic Summer Games. Wrestling National Championship.
l She won India’s first ever Gold medal in
women’s wrestling at the Commonwealth
Games, 2010. She won Bronze medal in
World Championships 2012 and Silver medal
in Commonwealth Wrestling Championship
2013.
l She has won Gold medals in Commonwealth
Wrestling Championships in 2009 and 2011.
Film ‘Dangal’ is based on her life. She has
been posted on DSP rank by Haryana l Sumit Malik He was born on 9th January,
Government. She has been awarded with 1993 in Rhotak district. He is a freestyle
Arjuna Award and Bhim Award. wrestler from India.
l Babita Phogat She was born on 20th l He won Silver in Asian Championships, 2017
November, 1989 in Bhiwani district. She won and Commonwealth Championships, 2017.
Gold medal in Commonwealth Games 2014, He also won Gold medal in Commonwealth
and Silver medal in Commonwealth Games, Games, 2018.
2018. She won Bronze medal in 2012 World
Wrestling Championships. She has been
l Bajrang Punia He was born on 26th
awarded with Arjuna Award in 2015 for her February, 1994 in Khudan, Jhajjar district.
achievements. l He is a freestyle wrestler from India. He won
l Ravinder Khatri He was born on 15th May, Gold medal in Commonwealth
1992 in Haryana. He is an Indian Championship in 2016 and 2017, Asian
Greco-Roman Wrestler who competes in the Championship, 2017, Asian Games, 2018 and
85 kg category. He won Gold medal in Commonwealth Games, 2018.
Sub-Junior National Wrestling Championship, l In November, 2018 he attains number 1
2007. He also won Bronze medal in 2016 ranking in world in 65 kg category. He has
Asian Wrestling Olympic Qualification been honoured by Arjuna Award (2015),
Tournament. Padma Shri Award (2019) and Rajiv Gandhi
l Sakshi Malik She was born on 3rd September, Khel Ratna Award (2019).
1992 in Mokhra village of Rohtak district. She
is an Indian wrestler. She has become the first
Indian female wrestler to win a medal at the
Olympics. She won Bronze medal in 2016 Rio
Olympic Games and was honoured by Rajiv
Gandhi Khel Ratna Award (2016).
l She has been honoured by Padma Shri in the
year 2017 and also, won Gold medal in
Commonwealth Wrestling Championships
Sports and Awards in Haryana
l Vinesh Phogat She was born on 25th August,
1994 in Balali village of Charkhi-Dadri district,
Haryana. She won Gold medal in Commonwealth
Games in 2014 and 2018 and Asian Games,
2018. She also got Arjuna Award in 2016.
l Other Wrestlers Sajjan Singh, Sushil Kumar,
Ramesh Kumar, Krishna Godara, Rohtash Singh
Dahia, Sumit Malik, Omprakash Narwal, Tejbir
Singh, Ashan Kumar Sangwan, Somvir, etc.
Bodybuilding
l Haryana conducts many bodybuilding events in
the state like Haryana Bodybuilding Sirsa, Panipat
Classic and Mr Haryana.
l Its sportspersons (Bodybuilders) also take part in
the competitions of State level, National level
and International level. Haryana Bodybuilding
Association works for the development of this
sport in the state.
Shooting
l Shooting is a popular sport in Haryana. Due to
the popularity of shooting in Haryana, the
youths of Haryana are currently looking for a
career in this field.
l Haryana has made its mark globally in shooting.
Several shooting academies have been set up in
Haryana to further encourage the sport of
shooting.
Some of the major shooting players in Haryana are
as follows:
l Gagan Narang He was born on 6th May, 1983.
He is a shooting player. Gagan Narang won four
Gold medals at the Commonwealth Games 2010
and Bronze at the 2012 London Olympics. He
also received the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
in the year 2011.
l Ankur Mittal He was born on 30th March, 1992
in Sonipat. He won a silver medal in the 2017
ISSF World Cup, a Gold medal in the World
Championship and a Bronze medal in the
Commonwealth Games 2019. He has been
awarded the Arjuna Award by the Government
of India and the Bhim Award by the
Government of Haryana.
479
l Anish Bhanwala He was born on 26th
September, 2002 in Karnal. He is the
youngest player to win a medal in the
Commonwealth Game. He has also been
given the President’s Child Award. He won
a Gold medal in the 25 m rapid fire pistol
in the Commonwealth Games 2018.
l Manu Bhaker She was born on 18th
February, 2002 in Goria, Jhajjar. Manu
Bhaker is related to shooting sports.
l She won the 10 m air pistol in the 2018
World Championship by ISSF
(International Shooting Sport Federation)
and Gold medal in Commonwealth Games
2018 and Youth Olympic Games 2018. She
is the youngest woman player to receive
Gold medal in ISSF Worldcup.
Football
l Football is a very popular sport, which is
also widely preferred in the state of
Haryana. The Haryana Football Association
is committed to making the sport even more
popular. This association is continuously
creating interest among the youth of
Haryana by popularising this sport.
l The Football Academy was established by
Haryana Football Association in the year
2012 in Maharishi Dayanand University
Rohtak in collaboration with Panasonic
India Limited.
l It aims to provide training to football
players. There is an arrangement made for
the training of total 30 players in this
academy.
480
l A football academy has also been set up in
Gurugram to make football popular.
l Apart from this, arrangements have been made
by Haryana Football Association for training
of football in places like Ambala, Rohtak,
Gurugram and Hisar, etc.
Other Sports Personalities of
Haryana
l Karnam Malleswari She was born on 1st June,
1975 in Andhra Pradesh. She was married in
Haryana, so she represents Haryana in
weightlifting sports.
l She won a Silver medal in the Bangkok Asian
Games in 1998 and a Bronze medal in the
Sydney Olympics in 2000. She was awarded
the Arjuna Award in the year 1994, the Rajiv
Gandhi Khel Ratna in the year 1999 and the
Padma Shri in the year 1999.
l Ekta Bhyan She was born on 7th June, 1985
in Hisar. She won a Gold medal at the
Women’s Throw Games in the Asian Para
Games organised in the year 2018.
l Abhinav Lohan He was born on 13th
December, 1989. He is a golfer. Abhinav
Lohan received the Silver medal (Golf Team)
at the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games.
l Saina Nehwal She was born on 17th March,
1990 in Hisar district. She is a badminton
player. She won the Gold medal in the
Commonwealth Games 2010 and also won
Bronze medal in London Olympics 2012.
l She also won Australian Open, China Open,
and Indian Open in 2014. She is the only
Indian player to win a silver medal in the 2015
World Championships. She won a gold medal
in the Commonwealth Games 2018.
Know Your State Haryana
l The Government of India honoured her with
the Arjuna Award in the year 2009, Padma
Shri and Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in
the year 2010 and Padma Bhushan in the
year 2016.
l Shivangi Pathak She is an Indian
mountaineer. She was born on 10th July, 2001
in Hisar. She is the Indian woman to climb on
the Mount Everest at an early age (on 16th
May, 2018).
l After this, she also mounted Mount
Kilimanjaro on 24th July, 2018, the highest
peak in Africa and Mount Elbrus on 2nd
September, 2018.
l Mahek Jyot Pannu She is an Indian
mountaineer. She was born in Karnal district.
She is the first Sikh girl to climb Mount Konet
Peak of Argentina and Mount Kilimanjaro, the
highest peak of Africa.
Sportswise Famous Sportspersons of Haryana
Sports Sportspersons
Volleyball Ballu, Dalel Singh Ror, Balkar Chauhan,
Ishwar Singh, Mehar Singh, Praveen
Malhan, Balwant Singh Sagwal
Judo Satish Kumar, Narendra
Gymnastic Sunita Sharma, Sandhya, Nirmal Guliya,
Sima Punia Antil, Rao Sultan Singh
Karate Dinesh Kumar Kadyan
Golf Diksha Dagar, Abhinav Lohan, Shubham
Jaglan, PG Sethi
Basketball Narender Kumar Grewal, Shiba Maggon,
Ajmer Singh
Baseball Sumit Khranger
Weightlifting Kavita Devi, Deepak Lather, Karnam
Malleshwari
Mountaineering Santosh Yadav, Anita Kuddu, Shivangi
Pathak
Handball Sandeep Kothia
Javelin Throw Neeraj Chopra, Rohit Yadav
Shooting Anish, Bhanwala, Ankur Mittal, Sanjiv
Rajput, Deepak Kumar, Lakshya
Shyoran, Saurabh Chaudhary.
Sports and Awards in Haryana
Famous Sports Organisation in
Haryana
To promote sports talent, the following
organisations have been established in the state:
Haryana Chess Association
lHaryana Chess Association (HCA) is the
official body for the game of chess in
Haryana. It was formed in 1983, with the
aims and objectives of spreading and
promoting the game of chess among youths
in Haryana.
lIt is affiliated to the All India Chess
Federation and Haryana Olympic
Association. It is registered under Societies
Registration Act, 1860.
Bhiwani Boxing Club
lIt was founded by the former coach and
famous boxer of Sports Authority of India,
Jagadish Singh, on 21st March, 2003. The
co-founder of this club is Captain Hawa
Singh who won the National Champion for
11 times and also clinched two gold medals
in Asian Olympics.
lThis boxing club is also known as a
Powerhouse of Indian Boxing. In 2008,
Summer Olympic Games, 5 boxers
represented India out of those, 4 were from
Bhiwani district of Haryana.
lIn Asian Games 2010 at Guangzhou (China),
two Gold and one Silver medal is won by the
boxers of this club. Important boxers of this
club are Vijender Singh, Vikas Krishna Yadav,
Jitendra Kumar, Akhil Kumar, Dinesh
Kumar, Kavita Chahal and Dilbagh Singh.
The Hockey Haryana Association
lThe Hockey Haryana was established on
24th June, year 2009. The Hockey Haryana
is a recognised association of Haryana and is
affiliated to Haryana Olympic Association
(HOA) and Hockey India (HI).
481
l The HH has drawn out a development
programme for an extended period with the help
of HOA and department of Sports in Haryana.
l There are mainly 6 teams in the Hockey
Haryana (HH) which are known as– Men
Senior Team, Women Senior Team, Men Junior
Team, Women Junior Team, Men Sub-Junior
Team and lastly Women Sub Junior Team.
National Aero Sports Centre
lIndia’s first aero sports centre was opened by
the Aero Club of India, on 31st January, 2010.
It is located on Bachhod airstrip near Narnaul
town (Mahendragarh) in Haryana.
lIt is named as Rajiv Gandhi Aero Sports Centre.
Haryana Olympic Association
lThe Haryana Olympic Association is a body
that works under the agency of the
International Olympic Committee (IOC) and
the Indian Olympic Association (IOA).
lIt helps the State Government in making of
sports policies in the state.
Haryana Cricket Association
lHaryana Cricket Association is the governing
body of the Cricket activities in the Haryana and
the Haryana Cricket team. It is affiliated to the
Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI).
lThe Haryana Cricket Association promotes and
develops cricket by conducting various league
tournaments, tournaments for the age group
Under-13, Under-17, Under-19 and Under-25
categories besides organising and conducting
national tournaments.
Haryana Sports Development Fund
lIt was founded by the Chief Minister of the
state, in order to provide a cash reward to
sportspersons and athletes who won medals in
National and International level competitions.
lIt provides financial assistance to sports
organisations, clubs and excellent sportspersons.
It also provides financial assistance or pensions
to outstanding sportspersons who belong to
poor classes.
482
Kabaddi Association
The state has two Kabaddi Associations as
under:
(i) Haryana State Kabaddi Association
(National Style)
(ii) Haryana State Kabaddi Association
(Circle Kabaddi)
l These two Kabaddi Associations are
associated with Haryana Olympic
Association.
Haryana Sports Authority
lThe State Government cleared the way for the
creation of Sports Authority in the state for
basic improvement in the field of sports under
Sports Policy, 2015.
lThe State Government had issued notification
for the formation of Haryana Sports and
Physical Fitness Authority in March 2016.
lThis authority has been registered under the
Haryana Registration and Regulation of
Societies Act-2012. Haryana Sports Authority
is headquartered in Panchkula.
lThe Chairman of this Authority is the Chief
Minister and Vice President of the State.
Secretaries of State Industry and Commerce
Department, Department of Urban Local
Bodies, Youth and Sports Department and
Public Works Department are the other
members of this authority.
lThe main goal of this authority is to increase
sportsmanship and physical activity in the
state. Following are the functions of this
authority:
lTo prepare the layout for development and
modernisation in the field of sports.
lProvides permission for the construction of
Anti-Doping Labs and Sports Lab in the
state.
Know Your State Haryana
l Provides basic and modern infrastructure for
various sports (adventure games, gymnastics).
l Provides support in the running of sports
training centers, academies, etc. in the state.
l Provides financial facilities to government and
private organisations related to sports.
l Develops sports training as necessary standards
in the state.
Some Important Sports Stadiums
in Haryana
Nahar Singh Stadium
l It was built in 1981. It is an International
Cricket Stadium located in Faridabad, which
was previously known as Mayur Stadium.
l The first match in this stadium was played in
1982 for Ranji Trophy between Haryana and
Services Cricket Teams. As on 11th September,
2018, the stadium has hosted around 8 One
Day International Cricket Matches.
l The first One Day International (ODI) match
was played between India and West Indies in
this stadium. More than 50 Ranji Trophy
matches have been organised in this stadium.
l The stadium has a seating capacity of 25000
audiences. The stadium is managed by the
Haryana Cricket Association.
Nehru Stadium
It was established in 1987 in Gurugram. It is
designed for football, cricket and athletics. It is a
home ground for Haryana Cricket Team and also
known as Dronacharya Stadium.
Chaudhary Bansilal Cricket Stadium
It was established in 2006 in Rohtak district. The
stadium came to prominence when Sachin
Tendulkar played his last Ranji Trophy match
here in October 2013. Haryana Cricket
Association maintains and operates this stadium.
Sports and Awards in Haryana 483

Major Stadiums and Academies of Haryana Haryana State Level Sports Complex
Location Stadium lThis is the second sports complex in the state,
Panchkula Tau Devi Lal Stadium, Lawn Tennis and located in Faridabad.
Badminton Academy, Hooda Complex lTraining of sports like gymnastics, boxing,
Yamunanagar Tejli Sports Complex, Bilt Football Stadium badminton, athletics, etc. is given in this
Karnal Karna Stadium sports complex.
Kurukshetra Women’s Hockey Stadium
Motilal Nehru Sports School
Gurugram Football Academy, Devi Lal Stadium l
It is located in Rai village of Sonipat district, Haryana.
Faridabad Shooting Academy, Aravalli Golf Ground, It is the only sports school in the state. This school
Haryana State Sports Complex was established by Haryana Government on 1st
Panipat Shivaji Stadium July, 1973 for world class training in sports. The
school is spread over an area of 300 acres.
Sonipat Wrestling Academy, Motilal Nehru Sports l
The Government of Haryana is endeavoring to
School, Office of Sports Authority of India
promote this sports school to a sports university.
Bhiwani Boxing Club, Bhim Singh Stadium This school offers world class training in sports like
Hisar Mahavir Stadium tennis, basketball, volleyball, athletics, swimming,
gymnastics and squash.
Sirsa Shahid Bhagat Singh Stadium, Shah
Satnam Ji Stadium
Jind Arjun Stadium, Kabaddi Academy
Center of Training and Excellence
Haryana
Kaithal Indoor Stadium
l Sports Authority of India (SAI) has
Mewat Classic Golf Resort
established training centers, centers of
Mahendragarh Bhawacheli Ramdas Stadium excellence and academies in Haryana which
provide international level training to the
State Level Sports Complexes in players of the state.
Haryana l This authority has set up a sports training
l District level sports complexes have been center at HAU University, Hisar. The
constructed in about 21 districts of the state. following training centers have been established
One sports complex is being constructed by by Sports Authority of India in Haryana:
HUDA in Panchkula and Gurugram. l SAI Training Center and Center of
l Apart from this, two state level sports complex Excellence, Sonipat This training center is
are also located in the state, which are as also known as Chaudhary Devi Lal North
follows: Regional Center. It is located in Bahalgarh
area of Sonipat district of Haryana. It is also
Rajiv Gandhi Sports Complex the Northern Training Center of Sports
lIt is located in Rohtak district and established Authority of India. Training of kabaddi,
in the year 2012. It is a multi-purpose sport football, judo, hockey, basketball, wrestling,
stadium for various sports like cricket, football, swimming, etc. is given under this center.
hockey, etc. l SAI Training and Excellence Center, Hisar It
lIt also has facilities for indoor games like is the major center of boxing training in the
basketball, badminton, gymnastics, handball, country. Along with boxing, training in
volleyball, lawn tennis, table tennis, athletics, handball, hockey and wrestling is
kabaddi, etc. also given in this training center.
484
l SAI Training Center, Kurukshetra This
training center is located in Kurukshetra. This
training center works under Chaudhary Devi
Lal North Regional Office, Sonipat. Under
this, training in judo, cycling, weightlifting,
hockey and athletics is given.
l SAI Training Center, Bhiwani This training
center is located in Bhiwani. This training
center is under the Chaudhary Devi Lal North
Regional Center (Sonipat).
l SAI National Boxing Academy, Rohtak SAI
National Boxing Academy is located in the
Rajiv Gandhi State Sports Complex in Rohtak
district. It was founded in January, 2017. It is
the country’s first National Boxing Academy.
l The academy trains Boxers for the upcoming
Olympic Games. Sports Authority of India has
linked up with Guru Gobind Singh University
(Delhi) to prepare the details of trainees in this
academy.
l There is a complete arrangement for the stay
of 120 trainees (60 male and 60 female) in this
academy.
Haryana Adventure Sports
Academy
l Notification of formation of Haryana
Adventure Sports Academy was issued by the
Government of Haryana on 4th January, 2016.
l Its main objective was to create awareness
about adventure sports in the state. The
registration of this academy was done by the
state government under the Haryana
Institution Registration and Regulation Act,
2012. The headquarters of this institution is in
Panchkula district of the state.
l Chief patron of Haryana Adventure Sports
Academy is the Chief Minister of the State and
the Chairman is the State Sports and Youth
Minister. The Secretary of State’s Sports and
Youth Affairs is its Vice-Chairman and the
Additional Director Secretary of this
Department.
Know Your State Haryana
l Other members of Haryana Adventure Sports
Academy include the Executive Chairman of
National Adventure Club Chandigarh,
Administrative Secretary of Tourism
Department, Administrative Secretary of
Finance Department, Forest Department and
Administrative Secretary of Civil Aviation
Department, Managing Director of Tourism
Department and Director of Sports
Department.
Objectives of Haryana Adventure
Sports Academy
lTo provide training related to ground-sports,
aero sports, water sports to the sportspersons
of the state so that the players of the state can
take interest in these sports.
lTo establish satellite centers and base camps
and training centers for adventure sports in the
state and to establish cooperation with the
institutes working in this field.
lTo generate interest in adventure sports
through skill development and
vocational training programmes in the players
of the state.
lTo provide physical facilities and a strong
infrastructure to trainers for adventure sports
in the state.
lTo provide employment to experienced
sportspersons of the state as coaches, and
consultants.
State Physical Fitness
Programmes
l In the year 2015, the State Government
implemented physical fitness programmes in
the state in collaboration with NSS, NCC,
Nehru Youth Centers and Bharat Scouts and
Guides.
l The main goal of this programme was to
connect citizens of different age groups with
sports and physical activities.
Sports and Awards in Haryana
Following activities have been done under the
State Physical Fitness Programmes:
l Under this programme, special campaigns for
physical fitness were run to encourage sports in
every school of the state.
l Special sports training programmes were
organised in the community areas of the state.
l Sports competitions have been organised in
the state.
l Sports have been included as an ‘entry level
activity’ in the community development
programmes of the state.
Arena Competitions of Haryana
l The state of Haryana organises various arena
competitions in the year to keep its wrestling
traditions alive. The District Kumar and District
Kesari competitions are organised by the
government at the district level and the State
Kumar and State Kesari competitions at the
state level.
l As per the Sports Policy 2015, ` 5100 is given
under first prize, ` 3100 under second prize and
` 2100 under third prize in state level arena
wrestling competition.
l As per Sports Policy, 2015, in Haryana Kumar
Dangal Competition, ` 51000 is given under
first prize and ` 31000 under second prize and
` 21000 under third prize.
l As per the Sports Policy 2015, in Haryana Kesari
Dangal Competition, ` 151000 is awarded
under first prize, ` 100000 under second prize
and ` 51000 under third prize.
Haryana State Sports Policy, 2015
l New Sports Policy 2015 was implemented by
the Government of Haryana for the purpose of
promoting sports and development of sports
related infrastructure in the state.
l Haryana has contributed significantly in the
sports sector. Players here have brought honours
to the state at the world level in the sports world.
The youth of the state is highly interested in
sports. The state’s sport of Haryana is wrestling.
485
The main objectives of this sports policy are as
follows:
l To provide equal opportunities to all citizens
of the state to participate in sports. To
promote collective participation and
excellence in sports.
l Development of high quality sports
infrastructure.
l To encourage, train and support players to
participate in national and international
competitions.
l To emphasis on development and other
facilities in educational institutions
including universities.
l To build an excellent sports culture by
teaching moral and ideological values.
l To attract young energy and minds towards
sports, identify talent in sports sector and
reward players who have excelled in sports.
l To identify special needs of disabled players
and facilitating their participation in sports,
promote adventure sports in the state.
l On 4th May, 2015, the Haryana Government
included the Deaflympics (Olympic for the
deaf ) sport in its sports policy.
Cash Prize for Various Sports
Competitions
The Cash prize to be given to the winning
players under the New Sports Policy, 2015 is
as follows:
l The player who won the Gold medal in the
Olympics and Para Olympics get a cash
prize of ` 6 crore, ` 4 crore for Silver medal,
` 2.5 crore for Bronze medal and ` 15 lakh
to the participating players.
l ` 3 crore is awarded to the player who won a
Gold medal in Asian and Para Asian Games,
` 1.5 crore for a Silver medal and ` 75 lakh
for Bronze medal and ` 7.5 lakh to the
participating players.
486
l In the Commonwealth Games, the player
who won the Gold medal is given ` 1.5 crore,
the Silver medal winning player is given ` 75
lakh, the Bronze medal winning player is
given ` 50 lakh and the participating player
gets ` 7.5 lakh.
l In the World Cup competition (held once a
year), the player who won the Gold medal is
given ` 25 lakh, ` 20 lakh to the player who
won the Silver medal, ` 15 lakh to the player
who won the Bronze medal and ` 7.5 lakh to
the participating player.
l The player who won the Gold medal in the
Youth Olympics is given ` 10 lakh, the Silver
medal winning player gets ` 7.5 lakh and the
player who won the Bronze medal is given
` 5 lakh.
l In the national competition, the player
winning the Gold medal is given ` 3 lakh, the
Silver Medal winning player is given ` 2 lakh
and the Bronze medal winning player is given
` 1 lakh.
l In the national level Kesari Dangal, the Gold
medal winner is given ` 31000; the Silver
medal winner is given ` 21000 and the
Bronze medal winner is given ` 11000.
Haryana at the
International Level
London Olympics, 2012
lIndia has won 6 medals in this competition.
Four of these medals won by Haryana’s Sushil
Kumar (wrestling-silver), Gagan Narang
(shooting-bronze), Saina Nehwal
(badminton-bronze) and Yogeshwar Dutt
(wrestling-bronze).
lIn the meeting of the Cabinet on 6th August,
2013, chaired by former Chief Minister
Bhupinder Singh Hooda, it was decided that
the players who won the Gold medal in the
Olympic Games will be appointed to the
‘Group A’ posts.
Know Your State Haryana
20th Commonwealth Games, 2014
lIndia won a total of 64 medals in the 20th
Commonwealth Games 2014 (Glasgow),
including 15 Gold, 30 Silver and 10 Bronze
medals.
lIn these medals, 4 Gold, 10 Silver and 1 Bronze
clinched by Haryana players.
lYogeshwar Dutt, Sushil Kumar, Babita Kumari,
Amit Kumar, Vinesh Phogat of Haryana have
won Gold medals.
lLila Ram of Haryana won the first Gold medal
at the Commonwealth Games. He won a Gold
medal in freestyle wrestling in 1958.
35th National Games, 2015
The 35th National Games were held from 31st
January to 14th February, 2015. In this, the
players of Haryana state won 40 Gold medals, 40
Silver medals and 27 Bronze medals.
Rio Olympics, 2016
lIn 2016, the Olympic Games were held in Rio
de Janeiro (Brazil). India won a total of 2
medals, including 1 Silver medal won by PV
Sindhu (Badminton) and 1 Bronze medal won
by wrestler Sakshi Malik of Rohtak (Haryana).
l119 players from India participated in Rio
Olympics, out of which 22 players belonged to
Haryana state. In the Rio Olympics, Ashok
Bhanwala played the role of referee.
21st Commonwealth Games, 2018
lThe 21st Commonwealth Games were held at
Gold Coast, Australia between 4th-15th April,
2018. India won a total of 66 medals in this
competition, Including 26 Gold medals, 20
Silver medals and 20 Bronze medals.
lA total of 22 medals were won by Haryana
players in this competition which included
9 Gold, 6 Silver and 7 Bronze medals.
lAmong the Haryana players, Vikas Krishna
Yadav (boxing, gold), Manu Bhaker (shooting,
gold), Saina Nehwal (badminton, gold), Vinesh
Phogat (wrestling, gold), Seema Antil (athletics,
silver) won these medals.
Sports and Awards in Haryana
18th Asian Games, 2018
lThe 18th Asian Games were held in Jakarta,
Indonesia and Palembang in the year 2018
between August 18 and September 2.
lIndia won a total of 69 medals in this
competition, including 15 Gold, 24 Silver and
30 Bronze medals.
lA total of 18 medals were won by Haryana
players in this competition which included 6
Gold, 5 Silver and 7 Bronze medals.
lVinesh Phogat became the first Indian woman
wrestler to win a Gold medal in wrestling in
the Asian Games and Commonwealth Games
by winning the Gold medal at the 18th Asian
Games.
lRani Rampal, captain of the Indian hockey
team, had the distinction of being the flag
bearer of the Indian contingent at the closing
ceremony of these games. Rani Rampal
belongs to Kurukshetra district of Haryana.
South Asian Games, 2019
lSouth Asian Games, 2019 were held in Nepal
in which India won a total of 312 medals
including 174 Gold, 93 Silver and 45 Bronze.
lSakshi Malik (wrestling), Gori Siron, Kajal
Saini (shooter) from Haryana won Gold
medals in South Asian Games.
lIndian Kabaddi team captain Deepak Hooda
(Haryana) won the Gold medal for India for
the fourth consecutive time in the Asian
Games.
Sports Related
Development in Haryana
Many efforts are being made by the State
Government with a view to intensify sports
activities in the state, such as provides grant to
sports associations, conducting sports training
programmes, open wrestling centers, yoga
centers, sports stadiums, rural sports centers,
487
sports talent search schemes, sports hostels,
development of sports fields, State Sports
Awards Training etc., which are described as
follows:
l A synthetic track has been constructed at
Chaudhary Charan Singh Agricultural
University (Hisar) and a hockey-astro turf at
Nehru Stadium (Gurugram).
l In the state sports wrestling, District Arena
competition and District Kumar/Kesari
Dangal, State Arena competitions, etc. are
organised regularly.
l A 3% reservation in Group C and D
government jobs has been made for medal
winners in international sports or
sportspersons of international level.
Awards of Haryana
The awards are presented by the Government of
Haryana in various parts which are as follows:
Khel Ratna Awards
Bhim Award
lThe highest sports award of the state of
Haryana is the Bhim Award. The Haryana
Government provides this award to
outstanding sportspersons based on four years
of sporting achievements. The award was
instituted in the year 2001.
lIt has been considered equivalent to the
National Sports Award, Arjuna Award. The
Bhim Award is given annually to selected
players. The award is given by the Ministry of
Youth Affairs and Sports, Haryana.
lUnder this award, ` 5 lakh cash, a citation
certificate, Bhim statue, a scroll, blazer and tie
roll of honour, etc. are given to the awardees.
lThe award winning player is provided free
travel facility in the buses of Haryana State
Transport for lifetime. The first Bhim Award
was given to Geeta Zutshi.
488 Know Your State Haryana

Maharana Pratap Award Gallantry Awardees from Haryana

lThis award is given annually to the players The Government of India provides gallantry
who have promoted sports throughout their awards to the military personnel of the state in
life. different categories. The categories are as follows:
lA cash prize of ` 2 lakh has been determined Param Vir Chakra Awardees
under this award.
lIt is India’s largest military award. Major
Dr. Radhakrishna Award Hoshiar Singh (later also became the
lThis award is given to the PTI/ DPI teachers Brigadier) was awarded Param Vir Chakra in
of the state. This award is being given every 1972 by the Government of India for his
year from the year 2015. bravery and exceptional leadership.
lUnder this award, a cash prize of ` 1 lakh, a lHe was born in the year 1936 in Sisana village
scroll, blazer, tie and scarf are given to the of Sonipat district.
awardees. lHe is the only Param Vir Chakra awardee of
Haryana.
Best Sports Association Award
lThis award is given to the Sports Association Vir Chakra Awardees
for its outstanding work in the field of sports. l This is the third highest military award in the
lThis award has also been given every year since country.
the year 2015. Under this award, ` 5 lakhs are l The people of Haryana who received this
given as awards to the Sports Association. award are Roop Chand (Sonipat district,
Other Sports Awards of the State Kharkhoda village) in 1948, Subedar
Shivochand Ram (Hisar district, Kuleri village)
Awards Description
in the year 1945 and Havildar Lakhmi Chand
Eklavya Award Under this award, a cash (Bhiwani district, Dhanana village)
prize of ` 1 lakh has been
prescribed to five junior posthumously, in 1967.
players every year. Prize Money given to the Gallantry Awardees
Guru Vashistha Award Under this, ` 2 lakh cash by the State Government
prize award is given to
sports coaches Gallantry Awards at the Award Money
Time of War
Rani Laxmibai Award Under this award, a cash
award of ` 2 lakh is given to Param Vir Chakra ` 2 Crore
women for their contribution Maha Vir Chakra ` 1 Crore
in life-long sports.
Vir Chakra ` 50 Lakh
Vikramaditya Award Under this award, a cash
prize of ` 2 lakh is given Army/Navy/Air Force Medal (Gallantry) ` 21 Lakh
to referee, judge and umpire
associated with the game. Mention in Dispatch (Gallantry) ` 10 Lakh
Sports and Awards in Haryana 489

Gallantry Awards at the Award Money Prize Money to be given by the State
Time of Peace Government to the Winners of the War Service
Ashoka Chakra ` 1 Crore Medal or Extraordinary Service Award
Kirti Chakra ` 51 lakh Awards Lump Sum
Shaurya Chakra ` 31 Lakh Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal ` 7 Lakh
Army/Navy/Air Force Medal (Gallantry) ` 10 Lakh Param Vishisht Seva Medal ` 6.5 Lakh
Mention in Dispatch (Gallantry) ` 7.5 Lakh Uttam Yudh Seva Medal ` 4 Lakh

Apart from this, the State Government gives Ati- Vishisht Seva Medal ` 3.25 Lakh
gallantry prize money every year to the gallantry Yudh Seva Medal ` 2 Lakh
award winners before 5th October, 2007.
Vishisht Seva Medal ` 1.25 Lakh
Annual Prize Money to the Gallantry Awardees
by the State Government Educational Award
Gallantry Awards Award Money l Every year on the occasion of Teachers’ Day
Param Vir Chakra ` 3 Lakh (5th September), the Government of Haryana
Ashoka Chakra ` 2.5 Lakh confers the State Teacher Award to the
Maha Vir Chakra ` 2.25 Lakh outstanding teachers in the field of education.
Kirti Chakra ` 1.75 Lakh l This award is given in two categories - Primary
Vir Chakra ` 1.25 Lakh Teacher and Secondary Teacher. Teachers
Shaurya Chakra ` 1 Lakh
awarded with this honour are given a cash
amount of ` 21000 and a citation. Also, a
Army/Navy/Air Force Medal (Gallantry) ` 50000
provision has been made to increase the
Mention in Dispatch (Gallantry) ` 30000 duration of his government job by two years.
Source: Sainik and Ardh Sainik Welfare Department,
Haryana Science Awards
Grants/Pension given to Gallantry Awardees The following awards are given annually by the
and their Families Before Independence of India Haryana Government to scientists who have
Gallantry Awards Grants/Pension
done exceptional work in the field of science:
Amount l Haryana Youth Science Ratna Awards The
Victoria Cross (Britain’s highest soldiers ` 15000 award is given by the State Government on
honour) 28th February every year on the occasion of
Military Cross ` 10000
National Science Day to the young scientists
of the state for doing excellent work in the
Military Medal ` 5000
field of technology and science. A cash amount
Indian Order of Merit ` 3000 of ` 100000 is given under this award.
Indian Exceptional Service Medal ` 2000 l Haryana Vigyan Ratna Award This award is
Mention in Dispatch (Pre-Independence ` 2000 also conferred by the Government of Haryana
Gallantry Awards only) on the occasion of National Science Day on
28th February every year. A cash amount of
Source: Sainik and Ardh Sainik Welfare Department,
Haryana
` 4,00,000 is awarded under this award.
490
State Level Award for Women
Three State level awards for women have been
announced by the Haryana Government on 8th
March, 2010, to celebrate the 100th International
Women’s Day, with the aim of encouraging
women of the state. These awards are as follows:
Indira Gandhi Mahila Shakti Puraskar
l On 8th March, 2010 this award was instituted
by the State Government of Haryana.
l This award is given to those women of the state
who have done outstanding work for society
and for the rehabilitation and welfare of women
and children.
l The awardees get a cash prize of ` 1.5 lakh and
a citation in this award.
Kalpana Chawla Shaurya Award
l ‘Kalpana Chawla Shaurya’ award was instituted
in the honour of Kalpana Chawla, India's first
female astronaut in the year 2010.
Know Your State Haryana
l This honour is given to those women who
have shown exemplary courage by taking
risks in their lives and done meritorious
services for the society and nation.
l The awardees get a cash prize of ` 51000 and
citation under this award.
Bahin Shanno Devi Panchayati Raj
Award
l The award was instituted in the year 2010 in
the name of Bahin Shanno Devi, the first
woman Speaker of the Haryana Legislative
Assembly.
l This award will be given to those women
panchayat heads who have done
extraordinary work for women
empowerment, female literacy, health and
nutrition, environmental protection and
universalisation of education etc.
l An amount of ` 100000 is provided by the
Government of Haryana under this award.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Haryana State Athletics Association (HSAA) 9. Which of the following statement is correct
was founded in which year in Haryana? in related to Vijender Singh Beniwal?
(a) 1962 (b) 1963 [HSSC, Drawing Screening 2016]
(c) 1965 (d) 1967 (a) He won a bronze medal in Olympic games,
2012
2. Bahadur Singh, who won Gold medal in
(b) He won a bronze medal in 2008 Olympic
1978 and 1982 Asian Games is an Indian.
Games in Beijing.
(a) Shot putter (b) Wrestler (c) He made a world record in 2010
(c) Runner (d) Boxer Commonwealth Games.
3. First Indian women to win a medal in (d) He won a silver medal in 2010
Paralympic Games is ........... . Commonwealth Games.
(a) Pooja Rani 10. Who won the first Olympic medal for India
(b) Sakshi Malik in Boxing sport? [PGT 2018]
(c) Deepa Malik (a) Vikas Yadav
(d) Karamjyoti Dalal (b) Vijender Singh Beniwal
4. Vijendra Singh : Boxing :: Geeta Zutshi:? (c) Gagan Narang
[Bus Conductor 2017] (d) Jagdish Singh
(a) Tennis (b) Athletics 11. Who won a Bronze medal in boxing in
(c) Badminton (d) Gymnastic Beijing Olympic Games, 2008?
5. Geeta Zutshi, the famous sports person of [Haryana Patwari 2016]
(a) Vijender Singh Beniwal
Haryana is associated with which sports of
(b) Dinesh Kumar
the state? [Haryana Police Constable 2016]
(c) Gagan Narang
(a) Gymnastic (b) Racing (Athletics)
(d) Pinki Jangra
(c) Badminton (d) Tennis
12. Sunil Kumar is associated with which
6. Which sportsperson from Haryana was Sports of Haryana?
awarded Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award,
(a) Boxing (b) Shooting
2018?
(c) Kabaddi (d) Athletics
(a) Sushil Kumar
(b) Neeraj Chopra 13. Vikas Krishan Yadav, who won a gold medal
in 2018 Commonwealth Games is associated
(c) Deepa Malik
with [Haryana Police Constable 2018]
(d) Vijendra Singh
(a) boxing (b) shot put
7. Which district of Haryana is known as (c) shooting (d) wrestling
‘Power House of Boxing’?
14. In which year the first Ranji/Trophy was
[Aayush Department 2017]
played in Haryana?
(a) Sonipat (b) Rohtak
(a) 1980 (b) 1982 (c) 1989 (d) 1990
(c) Sirsa (d) Bhiwani
15. The famous Nawab Masoor Ali Khan
8. Vijender Singh Beniwal of Haryana is a
Pataudi was associated to which field?
national [Haryana Clerk 2016]
[HSSC 2016]
(a) boxer (b) wrestler (a) Literature (Poetry) (b) Drama
(c) athlete (d) cricketer (c) Sports (Cricket) (d) Politics
492 Know Your State Haryana

16. Who among the following is associated with 25. Lila Ram from Haryana is very famous
Haryana? [PGT 2016] because he [HSSC 2015]
(a) Sunil Gawaskar (b) Kapil Dev (a) won first gold medal in Commonwealth
(c) Sachin Tendulkar (d) Azharuddin Games
(b) won first silver medal in Commonwealth
17. who is the fastest Indian bowler to take 50
Games
wickets in T-20 series held in Bangladesh (c) won first bronze medal in Commonwealth
2019? Games
(a) Rishabh Pant (d) None of the above
(b) Jasprit Bumrah
26. Master Chandgi Ram and Ramesh Kumar
(c) Bhuvneshwar Kumar
are associated with which sports?
(d) Yuzvendra Chahal
[Haryana Police 2016]
18. In which year the Indian Cricket Team won (a) Boxing (b) Road Walk
World Cup under Captaincy of Kapil Dev? (c) Wrestling (d) Hockey
[HSSC 2020, PGT 2016] 27. Yogeshwar Dutt is associated with which
(a) 1981 (b) 1982 sport? [PGT 2016]
(c) 1983 (d) 1984 (a) Wrestling (b) Cricket
19. Which women hockey player is known as (c) Kabaddi (d) Hockey
‘Golden Girl’ in Haryana? 28. In London Olympic Yogeshwar Dutt
(a) Sunita Dalal (b) Suman Bala won........ [Haryana Group D 2018]
(c) Sita Gosai (d) Mamta Kharab (a) Gold medal (b) Silver medal
20. Sandeep Singh is associated with which (c) Bronze medal (d) Both (b) and (c)
sports? [Agriculture 2017, PGT 2016] 29. Gita Phogat is associated with which
(a) Volleyball (b) Wrestling sports? [HSSC, Bus Conductor 2016]
(c) Hockey (d) Cricket (a) Wrestling (b) Paul Volt
21. Which of the following pair is correct? (c) Boxing (d) Shot put
[PGT 2016] 30. Which female wrestler won Gold medal in
(a) Vikas Krishna-Wrestling the Commonwealth Game for the first time?
(b) Suman Bala- Hockey [HSSC 2020]
(c) Santosh Yadav-Volleyball (a) Babita Phogat (b) Gita Phogat
(d) Sandeep Singh-Boxing (c) Sakshi Malik (d) None of these
22. Surendra Nada is associated with which 31. Who was the first Indian female wrestler who
sports of Haryana? qualified for the Olympic Summer Games?
(a) Wrestling (a) Gita Phogat (b) Geetika Jakhar
(b) Hockey (c) Babita Phogat (d) Sakshi Malik
(c) Kabaddi
32. Which of the following famous personalities
(d) Athletics
belongs to Mokhra village of Rohtak?
23. Prominent Kabaddi player, Deepak Niwas [Haryana Clerk 2016]
Hooda belongs from which village of’ Rohtak (a) Kalpana Chawla (b) Baba Ramdev
District? (c) Sakshi Malik (d) None of these
(a) Bhainswal Kalan 33. which wrestler won gold medal in the
(b) Mokra Senior Wrestling National Championship
(c) Balali held in November 2019?
(d) Chamaria (a) Sakshi Malik (b) Nitu Sarkar
24. The State Sport of Haryana is [TET 2010] (c) Anju Kumari (d) Kavita Devi
(a) shooting 34. Olympic medal winner, Haryana’s Pride,
(b) wrestling Sakshi Malik is connected to which sport?
(c) cricket (a) Badminton (b) Swimming
(d) football (c) Wrestling (d) Boxing
Sports and Awards in Haryana 493

35. Sakshi Malik, the Bronze medalist in Rio 46. Saina Nehwal is associated with which
Olympics, 2016, was born in which village sports? [PGT 2016]
of Rohtak district? (a) Badminton (b) Hockey
(a) Mokhra (b) Bhansru (c) Wrestling (d) Shooting
(c) Sudana (d) Siwana
47. Saina Nehwal won which medal in London
36. Which player is not related to wrestling? Olympics 2012? [Auction Recorder 2016]
(a) Yogeshwar Dutt (b) Sakshi Malik (a) Gold medal
(c) Vinesh Phogat (d) Chand Ram (b) Silver medal
37. Sumit Malik won a gold medal in (c) Bronze medal
Commonwealth Games 2018 in which of the (d) Bronze and Silver medals
following sports? 48. Ran Rampal of Haryana is associated with
(a) Wrestling (b) Boxing which game? [Haryana Accountant 2018]
(c) Badminton (d) Shooting (a) Hockey (b) Wrestling
38. Who received the Padma Shri Award in the (c) Boxing (d) Kabbadi
field of sports in Haryana for the year 2019? 49. Santosh Yadav and Anita kundu is related
[HSSC 2020] to [HSSC 2015]
(a) Yuvraj Singh (b) Bajrang Punia (a) Judo (b) Mountaineering
(c) Deepa Malik (d) Sakshi Malik (c) Handball (d) Hockey
39. Which women wrestler from Haryana won 50. Shivangi Pathak of Hisar district is a player
Gold medal in Asian Games, 2018? of .......... . [HSSC 2016]
(a) Sakshi Malik (b) Vinesh Phogat (a) Skiping (b) Mountaineering
(c) Gita Phogat (d) Babita Phogat (c) Wrestling (d) Boxing
40. ............ was the first wrestler who won 51. Satish Kumar of Haryana is a player of
three medals in World Wrestling ............ .
Championship. [Haryana Lab Attendant 2018] (a) Hockey (b) Handball
(a) Vinay Phogat (b) Sakshi Malik (c) Cricket (d) Judo
(c) Bajrang Punia (d) Sushil Kumar 52. Satish Kumar is associated with which
41. Arjun Awardee Vinesh Phogat is related sports of Haryana? [Civil Engineer 2016]
to ........ . (a) Hockey (b) Handball
(a) Kabbadi (b) Wrestling (c) Cricket (d) Judo
(c) Boxing (d) Hockey 53. Sunita Sharma, Sandhya and Nirmal
42. Who among the following sportspersons Guliya are associated with which sports?
does not belong to Haryana? (a) Judo (b) Gymnastic
[HSSC Civil 2015] (c) Handball (d) Hockey
(a) Abhinav Bindra (b) Sushil Kumar 54. Who is the founder of Bhiwani Boxing Club?
(c) Kapil Dev (d) Vijender Singh [PGT 2016]
43. Manu Bhaker is associated with which (a) Jagdish Singh (b) Manoj Kumar
sports of Haryana? [Haryana Group D 2018] (c) Vijender Singh (d) Jasmeet Kaur
(a) Athletics (b) Wrestling 55. Which place of Haryana is known as
(c) Badminton (d) Shooting ‘Powerhouse of Indian Boxing’?
44. In which year Football Academy was [Ayush Department 2017]
established in Haryana? (a) Sonipat (b) Rohtak
(a) 2012 (b) 2014 (c) 2016 (d) 2018 (c) Sirsa (d) Bhiwani
45. Karnam Malleshwari is associated with 56. Hockey Haryana Association was
which sports of Haryana? established on ........... .
(a) Hockey (b) Cricket (a) 24th June, 2010 (b) 12th July, 2010
(c) Weightlifting (d) Basketball (c) 24th June, 2009 (d) 12th July, 2009
494 Know Your State Haryana

57. India’s first aero sports centre was opened 68. What is the provision of cash reward to
in which place of Haryana? Olympic Gold medalists in Haryana?
(a) Narnaul (b) Narwana [HSSC 2018, Haryana Police 2016]
(c) Loharu (d) Manesar (a) ` 4 Crore (b) ` 3 Crore
58. Nahar Singh Stadium is located in which (c) ` 5 Crore (d) ` 6 Crore
district of Haryana? [HSSC 2020, 69. According to Sports Policy, 2015, what is
Music Teacher Screening 2015] the provision of cash reward to gold
(a) Faridabad (b) Ambala medalists of Haryana in Asian Games?
(c) Kurukshetra (d) Yamunanagar [TGT 2016]
59. Which stadium of Gurugram is also known (a) ` 1 Crore (b) ` 3 Crore
as ‘Dronacharya Stadium’? (c) ` 2 Crore (d) ` 50 Lakh
(a) Nehru Stadium 70. According to Sports Policy, 2015, what is
(b) Chaudhary Bansilal Cricket Stadium the provision of cash reward to gold
(c) Mahavir Stadium medalists of Haryana in Commonwealth
(d) Shivaji Stadium Games? [Auction Recorder 2016]
60. Wrestling Academy is situated in which (a) ` 1.5 Crore (b) ` 20 Lakh
district of Haryana? (c) ` 1 Crore (d) ` 50 Lakh
(a) Faridabad (b) Hisar 71. Which sportsperson from Haryana has won
(c) Sonipat (d) Bhiwani bronze medal in Rio olympic, 2016?
61. Rajiv Gandhi Sports Complex is located in [Haryana Deputy Ranger 2017]
which district of Haryana? (a) Vinesh Phogat
(a) Rohtak (b) Faridabad (b) Vijendra Singh
(c) Sonipat (d) Kurukshetra (c) Sushil Kumar
62. In which year Motilal Nehru Sports School (d) Sakshi Malik
was established in Haryana? 72. Indian Kabaddi team won which medal in
(a) 1973 (b) 1974 the South Asian Games 2019 under the
(c) 1975 (d) 1977 Captaincy of Deepak Hooda?
63. Training of which sports is given in SAI (a) Gold medal (b) Silver medal
Training Center and Center of Excellence, (c) Bronze medal (d) None of these
Sonipat? 73. What are Government Schemes to promote
(a) Kabaddi (b) Football sports in Haryana? [HSSC 2019]
(c) Hockey (d) All of these
(a) To give training
64. SAI National Boxing Academy (Rohtak) was (b) To construct sports stadiums
established in which year? (c) Provide grants to sports institutions
(a) 2016 (b) 2017 (c) 2018 (d) 2019 (d) All of the above
65. Haryana Adventure Sports Academy was 74. In the state sports wrestling which
established in which year in Haryana? competition is organised regularly in
(a) 2014 (b) 2015 Haryana?
(c) 2016 (d) 2017 (a) District Arena Competitions
66. In which year the New Sports Policy was (b) District Kumar/Kesari Dangal
implemented by the state Government of (c) Arena Competitions
Haryana? (d) All of the above
(a) 2013 (b) 2014 (c) 2015 (d) 2016 75. Highest award of Haryana Government in
67. In May, 2015 Haryana Government the sports field is [HSSC 2021]
included which sports in its Sports (a) Eklavya Award
Policy 2015? [PGT 2016] (b) Maharana Pratap Award
(a) Deaflympics (b) Pool (c) Rani Laxmi Bai Award
(c) Boat race (d) None of these (d) Bhim Award
Sports and Awards in Haryana 495

76. Which of the following awards were given to 82. How much amount is given to an awardee
coaches for their outstanding coaching? of Indira Gandhi Mahila Shakti Puraskar?
(a) Guru Vashishtha Award (a) ` 50000 (b) ` 1.5 Lakh
(b) Guru Vedvyas Award (c) ` 2.00 Lakh (d) ` 2.5 Lakh
(c) Guru Vishwamitra Award
83. Who was the first women Speaker of
(d) Eklavya Award
Haryana Legislative Assembly?
77. Who is the only Param Vir Chakra Awardee (a) Shanno Devi
of Haryana? (b) Shila Devi
(a) Major Hoshiar Singh (c) Rajbala Devi
(b) Roop Chand (d) Shakuntala Devi
(c) Subedar Shivo Chand Ram
(d) Havildar Lakhim Chand 84. Which of the following is correctly
matched? [PGT 2016]
78. What is the sequence of Gallantry awards
given by the Government of India? (a) Vikas Krishan Wrestling
(a) Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, Param Vir
(b) Suman Bala Hockey
Chakra
(b) Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, Vir (c) Santosh Yadav Volleyball
Chakra
(c) Maha Vri Chakra, Param Vir Chakra, Vir (d) Sandeep Singh Boxing
Chakra
85. Match the following. [PGT 2016]
(d) Vir Chakra, Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir
Chakra Column I Column II
79. How much award money is given to the (Sportsperson) (Sports)
awardee of Vir Chakra? A. Suman Kundu Wrestling
(a) ` 2 Crore (b) ` 1 Crore
(c) ` 50 Lakh (d) ` 21 Lakh B. Manoj Kumar Hockey

80. Which of the following is Britain’s highest C. Suman Bala Boxing

soldier honour?
D. Dalel Singh Ror Volleyball
(a) Victoria Cross (b) Military Cross
(c) Military Medal (d) Mention in Dispatch
Codes
81. Jannayak Chaudhary Devi Lal Award is a/an A B C D A B C D
(a) Agricultural Award (b) Educational Award (a) 1 2 3 4 (b) 1 3 2 4
(c) Science Award (d) Gallantry Award (c) 3 2 4 1 (d) 4 3 2 1

Answers
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (d) 20. (c)
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (a) 30. (b)
31. (a) 32. (c) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (c)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (a) 49. (b) 50. (b)
51. (d) 52. (d) 53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (d) 56. (c) 57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (a) 60. (c)
61. (a) 62. (a) 63. (d) 64. (b) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (d) 69. (b) 70. (a)
71. (d) 72. (a) 73. (d) 74. (d) 75. (d) 76. (a) 77. (a) 78. (b) 79. (c) 80. (a)
81. (a) 82. (b) 83. (a) 84. (b) 85. (b)
CHAPTER 30
Social Welfare
Schemes in Haryana
Several welfare schemes have been initiated by
the State and Central Government to provide
social equality and justice to the socially,
economically and educationally backward
people.
Major Schemes Related to
Women and Child
Development
Following are the major schemes related to
women and child development:
Mahila evam Kishori Samman
lThis scheme was launched on 5th August,
2020 through video conferencing by Haryana
Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar. This
scheme is operated by the Department of
Women and Child Development.
lUnder this scheme, 6 sanitary napkins are
being provided free of cost to women aged 10
to 45 years in the state of Haryana. These
sanitary napkins will be distributed to women
and children through Anganwadi centres and
schools.
Mukhyamantri Doodh Uphar Yojana
lThis scheme was launched by the Haryana
Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar on
5th August, 2020 through video conferencing.
In this scheme the state government will
provide free fortified milk to children,
pregnant women and lactating mothers.
l The main objective of Mukhyamantri Doodh
Uphar Yojana is to improve nutrition levels in
kids, pregnant women and lactating mothers.
Each of the beneficiary women and children
who comes to anganwadi centres will now get
200 ml fortified milk.
Haryana Mahila Samridhi Yojana
lHaryana Mahila Samridhi Yojana has been
launched by the Chief Minister of Haryana
Manohar Lal Khattar to benefit women. This
scheme was launched in July 2020.
lUnder this scheme, Haryana Government will
provide employment opportunities to
scheduled caste category women of the state.
lUnder this scheme, the women of the state will
be provided a loan of ` 60000 at an annual rate
of 5%, for setting up self-employment.
Sakhi (One Stop Centre)
lThe scheme was started in the year 2017 by
the Ministry of Women and Child
Development of the state. The main objective
of this scheme is to provide justice to women
suffering from violence in a phased manner.
lOne stop centre were set up to provide
medical facilities, mental social counselling,
police assistance, legal aid to women suffering
from violence.
lOne stop centre were implemented in seven
districts of the state (Karnal, Gurugram,
Faridabad, Hisar, Rewari, Bhiwani and
Narnaul).
Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana
Swadhar Greh Yojana
lIt was launched by the Government of
Haryana on 18th October, 2015. The
objective of this scheme is to prepare a
supportive institutional plan for women
suffering under difficult circumstances.
lThe scheme provides social and economic
security to women.
Mukhyamantri Vivah Shagun Yojana
lThe Haryana Government started
Mukhyamantri Vivah Shagun Yojana in July
2015 for girls belonging to economically
weaker sections. This scheme is the latest form
of ‘‘Indira Gandhi Priyadarshini Vivah
Shagun Scheme,’’ which was started in the
year 2005.
lUnder this scheme, women whose annual
income is less than one lakh rupees will be
covered. Women players will not be included
under this scheme.
lUnder this scheme, funds ranging from
` 11000 to 51000 are given as Shagun (gift)
for the marriage of girls.
Aapki Beti – Hamari Beti Yojana
lThis scheme was launched by the Chief
Minister of Haryana, Manohar Lal Khattar,
on 8th March, 2015, on the event of
International Women’s Day. The aim of this
scheme is to eliminate the sex-selective
abortion, increase child sex-ratio and provide
education to girls in the state.
lUnder this scheme, a cheque of ` 21000 will
be given to the first girl child, who belongs to
the families of Scheduled Castes and Below
Poverty Line (BPL) and has born on or after
22nd January, 2015.
lThis cash amount can be used by the girl in
her education or marriage. In the same way,
all second girl child born on or after 22nd
January, 2015 of all families will get ` 21000.
497
l This scheme is operated by the Department of
Women and Child Development, Haryana.
Under this scheme, a girl child can withdrawl
an amount of ` 100000 after 18 years of age.
Haryana Kanya Kosh
lThis Kosh was launched by the Chief Minister
of Haryana, Manohar Lal Khattar, on 8th
March, 2015, on the event of International
Women’s Day. It is expected to increase the
amount of this Kosh to ` 100 crore.
lThis Kosh has been set up for the development
and progress of girls and women of the state.
The aim of this Kosh is to develop such an
environment where women and girl may have
equal rights of development and
empowerment. This Kosh is used under the
name of ‘Aapki Beti-Hamari Beti’.
▲ HARYANA KANYA KOSH
Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao Campaign
lThis scheme was launched by the Prime
Minister Narendra Modi on 22nd January, 2015
at Panipat district of Haryana.
lIt aims to address the issue of the declining
child sex ratio. It also focus on education and
empowerment of the girl child.
lThe Nodal agency of this scheme is Department
of Women and Child Development.
lSakshi Malik is the Brand Ambassador for Beti
Bachao Beti Padhao Campaign.
498
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
lThis scheme started in the year 2015. It is a
part of Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao Scheme. The
main aim of this scheme is to address gender
imbalance in the society and creating a
positive discrimination in favour of the girl
child.
lThis scheme is to encourage parents of girl
child to invest on her name. The account can
be opened from birth of a girl child till she
attains the age of 10 years. The minimum
deposit amount is ` 250 (per month) and
maximum is ` 1.5 lakh (per annum). The
deposited amount would get 7.6% interest
rate.
lA girl child, who attained the age of 10 years,
one year prior to notification will also be
eligible for this account scheme. Parents can
deposit the amount for a period of 15 years
only.
lThe depositor can withdraw 50% of the
immatured amount for marriage of a girl of
18 years age or for her higher studies.
SABLA Scheme (Rajiv Gandhi Scheme
For Empowerment of Adolescent Girls)
lThis centrally sponsored scheme was
launched by Haryana Government on 22nd
March, 2011 in its 6 districts, namely Hisar,
Ambala, Rohtak, Rewari, Yamunanagar and
Kaithal.
lThe main aim of the scheme is to make
adolescent girls strong physically and mentally consecutive months under Public Distribution
and enable them for self-development.
lIt covers adolescent girls of the age group
11-18 years. Under this scheme, adolescent
girls are given training to improve their
nutrition and health status, to promote
awareness about Adolescent Reproductive and
Sexual Health (ARSH) and family and child
care, to upgrade their home-based skills and
vocational skills and to access
education/learning.
Know Your State Haryana
Ladli Social Security Allowance Scheme
lThis scheme was launched by the Government
of Haryana on 1st January, 2006 for the families
having only girl child/children and one of the
parents who have attained the age of 45 years.
lAn amount of ` 1200 per month is provided to
any of the parents who attained the age of 45
years till their 60th birthday. After 60 years,
parents will be eligible for Old Age Samman
Allowance Scheme.
Ladli Scheme
lIn order to stop the female foeticide and raise
the sex-ratio in the state, the Department of
Women and Child Development launched
‘Ladli Scheme’ in Haryana on 15th August,
2005.
lThis scheme is especially for those parents
who have two girl child.
lUnder this scheme an incentive of ` 5000 per
year will be provided to those parents for 5 years
whose second girl child is born on or after 20th
August, 2005.
Nutrition Programme for Adolescent
Girls
This programme was implemented by the
l
Government of India on a pilot basis for the
year 2005-06. Two districts of Haryana, namely,
Ambala and Yamunanagar were selected for this
project.
Under this programme, all the adolescent girls
l
of age group 11-19 years got 6 kg wheat for 3
System (PDS).
Devi Rupak Yojana
This scheme was launched by Ministry of
l
Health and Family Welfare, Haryana, on 25th
September, 2002.
The main aim of this scheme is to control
l
population growth, eliminate discrimination
between boys and girls and to check the
declining trend in the male and female sex-ratio
of the state.
Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana
Swayam Sidha Scheme
lThis scheme was launched in the year 2001
which is dedicated to women’s empowerment.
lThis is a Self Help Group based programme.
which was started in 6 districts of Haryana
under which 16 blocks have been covered.
lThis is being operated with the help of Indian
and State Governments.
lThis scheme was introduced specifically for
couples, adopting the terminal method of
family planning to stabilise the state population.
Apni Beti Apna Dhan Yojana
lThe scheme is being launched by State
Government through anganwadi centres
functioning in rural areas.
lThe scheme was specifically launched to
improve the health status of women and child
in the society, which provides financial
assistance to mothers for nutrition.
lUnder this scheme, the Government of
Haryana gives ` 500 in cash to the girl’s mother
on the birth of a girl child and also gives Indra
Vikas Patra of ` 2500 in the name of the girl.
lThe girl receives ` 25000 after completion of
18 years and ` 35000 after completion of
22 years.
Major Schemes Related to
Social Justice and
Empowerment
Many schemes have been started by the Ministry
of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government
of Haryana, which are described as follows:
Teerth Darshan Scheme
lThe Tourism Department of Haryana
launched this scheme on 1st April, 2017, under
which senior citizens above 60 years of
Haryana Domicile go on a journey of the
country at government expense.
499
l Under this scheme, the State Government will
bear 70% of the cost but the government will
bear the entire cost of the journey of senior
citizens who belong from below poverty line
families. More than 400 destinations can be
visited under this scheme.
Vidhur Pension Yojana
l This scheme was launched by the Chief
Minister of Haryana in the Financial Budget
2017-18 for widowers.
l This scheme provides pension to those
widowers who have lost their wives for any
reason.
l Under this scheme, the State Government will
provide a monthly pension of ` 1600 to a
widower.
l By implementing this scheme, Haryana has
become the first state in India to launch such
type of scheme for men.
Old Age Samman Allowance Scheme
lThis scheme was launched by the Department
of Social Justice and Empowerment, Haryana,
for the people of age group 60 years or above.
lUnder this scheme, families whose annual
income is less than ` 200000 have been
included under which the old age people of
60 years or more are included.
lHaryana is the first state, where all the
widows, old age people and destitutes get
pension on a regular basis on every 7th day of
each month.
lOn 1st November, 2017, the monthly
pension has been increased from ` 1600 to
` 1800 which again increased to ` 2000 from
November, 2018.
Widow Pension Scheme
lThis scheme was started by Haryana State
Government for the widows and destitute
women of 18 year of age and above who will
get a regular pension.
500
l Under this scheme, ` 1800 per month is
given to these women which was increased
in November, 2017 from, ` 1400 to ` 1800
per month.
l This pension is given to those women who
have no other financial support and her
own income from all sources is below ` 2
lakh.
Pension to Differently Abled Persons
lThis scheme was introduced by the
Department of Social Justice and
Empowerment, Haryana.
lUnder this scheme, a pension will be given
to those persons who have 60% disability
(earlier it was 70%) and his/her age should
be more than 18.
lThe aim of this scheme is to make all the
differently abled persons self-dependent by
providing pension on a regular basis. The
scheme provides ` 2000 per month as a
pension which was ` 1600 before 1st
November, 2018.
‘Thari Pension-Thare Pass’ Pension
Scheme
l This scheme was launched by the Chief
Minister of Haryana, Manohar Lal Khattar,
on 4th August, 2015 in Chandigarh. It is a
social security scheme.
l Under this scheme, the beneficiaries would
get their pension direct in their bank
account which eliminates any kind of
mediation.
▲ ‘THARI PENSION-THARE PASS’ PENSION SCHEME
Know Your State Haryana
State Samman Pension for Freedom
Fighters
l This scheme provides pension to the freedom
fighters and their widows. The amount of this
scheme, has been increased by the State
Government from ` 15000 to ` 20000 per
month on 15th August, 2012.
l It also includes a fixed medical allowance at the
rate of ` 750 per month.
Financial Assistance Scheme for
Destitute Children
l The scheme was launched by the state
Government from 1st March, 2009.
l Under this scheme, children whose parents have
died or are imprisoned for life in prison or
physically disabled by 100% are included in this
scheme.
l At present, financial assistance of ` 1000 is given
to destitute children who are less than 21 years.
Financial Assistance Scheme for Children
with Disabilities
l The scheme was launched by the State
Government in the year 2008-09.
l Under this scheme, those mentally retarded
children are covered, whose intellectual capacity
is less than 50 or the minimum disability is more
than 60% or their mother’s monthly income is
less than the minimum monthly wages.
l Financial assistance of ` 1000 per month is being
provided by the State Government since 2016.
Kinnar Bhatta Yojana
lThe scheme was launched by the State
Government on 1st June, 2006. Under this
scheme, those who are over 18 years of age and
have a certificate of being eunuchs by the civil
surgeon.
lInitially, under this scheme, the candidates were
provided ` 300 per month, but from the year
2018, ` 2200 per month are provided to the
candidate under this scheme.
Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana
Major Schemes Related to
Health
Following are the health related schemes by the
Government of Haryana:
Limited Cashless Medical Services
Scheme
l This scheme has been started in the year 2017
with the objective of providing cashless
medical services to government employees and
pensioners.
l This will provide cashless treatment to all
regular employees and pensioners of the state.
This scheme is implemented for a person
suffering from heart attack, accident, third and
fourth stage cancer, coma, cerebral
hemorrhage and electrocution.
l This scheme is implemented in all government
medical colleges, government-aided medical
colleges, all district hospitals, all private
hospitals, which are affiliated under the
Haryana Government.
Mission Indradhanush
lThis scheme was started on 7th April, 2015
(beginning from Panipat) to keep children
healthy and disease free in Haryana.
lUnder this scheme, children are given seven
vaccines related to diphtheria, tetanus, polio,
Tuberculosis, measles, hepatitis-B, jaundice
and Tuberculosis (TB).
Jeevan Rekha Yojana
l This scheme was started in the year 2013 for
the patients suffering from Hepatitis-C (black
jaundice). Initially, free medicines were
provided to only Scheduled Castes and
Scheduled Tribes under this scheme, but from
the year 2017, free medicines are being
provided to all categories of people under this
scheme.
l Under this scheme, the State Government is
providing facility for Hepatitis-C virus
screening and treatment in 21 district hospitals
of the state.
501
Nehru Drishti Yojana
This scheme was started by the State
l
Government on 26th January, 2010.
lThe main objective of this scheme is to
encourage eye donation in the state and make
the cornea available to the people suffering
from blindness.
Indira Bal Swasthya Yojana
l This scheme was started in the year 2010.
Under this scheme, health check-up of
children up to 18 years of age is done in the
school itself.
l Also, children’s health cards are made and they
are treated free of cost in government hospitals.
Chief Minister Free Treatment Scheme
lThis scheme provides free and quality medical
services to every citizen in the state.
lServices under this scheme include surgery,
laboratory testing, OPD services, diagnostic
services, medicines and transport (sending
from one hospital to another).
e-Upchaar
l Under this scheme, all district civil hospitals
have been digitally connected.
l This system has been implemented in 17 civil
hospitals and 2 medical colleges in the state.
Major Schemes Related to
Insurance
The State Government has launched many
schemes related to insurance in Haryana which
are as follows:
Chief Minister Merchant Collective
Private Accident Insurance Scheme
lThe scheme was launched by the Haryana
Government in the year 2019. Under this
scheme, the government will provide insurance
cover of ` 5 lakh to registered small and
medium traders.
502
l It is an accident insurance scheme for merchants,
retailers, small shopkeepers, shop owners and
self-employed people.
l Benefit of Insuranse will be acceptable in case of
death in accident, permanent disability and
damage to two body parts or eyes or one body part
or one eye.
Chief Minister Merchant Compensation
Insurance Scheme
l The scheme was launched in the year 2019 by the
Government of Haryana. Under this scheme, the
State Government offers a package of ` 500000 to
2500000 to business retailers, small shopkeepers
and self-employed persons depending on their
turnover.
l This scheme will compensate for the loss of their
stock, furniture and other goods due to fire,
earthquake, flood, theft.
Rajiv Gandhi Parivar Bima Yojana
lThis scheme was launched on 1st April, 2006, by
the State Government to provide social security to
its people.
lUnder this scheme, the State Government will
provide ` 1 lakh to all the age group of 18-60 years
who have faced accidental death or permanent
disability.
lA person will get ` 50000 when losses his/her two
limbs, two eyes, one limb and one eye (any of the
two parts of body). If a person losses any one part
of his/her body i.e. one eye or one limb, he will get
` 25000.
Devi Rakshak Yojana
lThis scheme was launched by the Haryana
Government on 2nd October, 2003. It is also
known as ‘Devilal Jansuraksha Bima Yojana’.
lUnder this scheme, a compensation of ` 1 lakh will
be given to the affected families after the death or
permanent disablement of their sole earner,
` 50000 when losses his/her any of two body parts
and ` 25000 when losses his/her any one body part.
Know Your State Haryana
Surakshit Bhavishya Yojana
lThis scheme is for the welfare of
anganwadi workers and helpers. An
amount of ` 100 is invested to LIC every
month for an anganwadi worker.
lAn amount ` 50000 is given to the family
of the anganwadi worker after his/her
sudden death.
Schemes Related to
Employment
Following schemes related to employment
have been conducted by the State
Government:
Saksham Yuva Scheme
lThis scheme was launched on 1st
November, 2016. On the occasion of
Haryana Swarna Jayanti Varsha, it
provides monthly financial assistance to
the unemployed post-graduates.
lThe unemployed post-graduate youths
will get ` 6000 for honorary assignment
for work of 100 hours in different
departments, boards, corporations and
registered committees of the state.
lThey will also get ` 3000 as unemployment
allowance. This scheme also included
unemployed graduates who get ` 1500 as
unemployment allowance.
Model Career Centre
lIn the year 2015, 100%, Model Career
Centre, Hisar has been set up under the
centrally funded scheme aimed at
empowering the youth so that they can
develop their skills and achieve their
professional goals.
lSo far, 11 employment fairs have been
organised from Model Career Centre,
Hisar, in which 469 appointments have
been made from private sector.
Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana
Unemployment Allowance Scheme
lThe scheme was launched by the State
Government on 1st November, 2005 for the
educated unemployed of the state.
lUnder this scheme, the Government of
Haryana is provided ` 300 per month for
unemployed who have passed 12th or
equivalent class and ` 500 per month for
unemployment allowance to graduates or
diploma holders.
lSince 1st April, 2009, under this scheme, 12th
class women are given ` 900 and graduate pass
women are given ` 1500 per month.
lApart from this, ` 750 is given to boys who
have passed 12th class from science stream and
` 1000 per month to graduate male students
who have science stream.
Saksham Sarthi/Saksham Rakshak
lThe State Government has partnered with
various private institutions to provide
employment to unemployed youths.
lUnder the Saksham Haryana Campaign,
57185 youths have been provided employment
under MoU with Ola, Uber, Zomato and
Swiggy as drivers and security guards.
Major Schemes Related to
Scheduled Castes
The following major schemes related to
Scheduled Castes are being operated by the State
Government:
Anusuchit Jati Chattra Shiksha
Protsahan Yojana
lAnusuchit Jati Chattra Shiksha Protsahan
Yojana was started by Haryana Government
on 18th August, 2009.
lAfter 10+2, students studying in science,
commerce or vocational courses are given
class-wise annual scholarship up to ` 5000 to
14000 under this scheme.
503
l The purpose of this scheme is to motivate
parents of scheduled caste girls and prevent
girls from dropping out of education after
passing the 10+ 2 exam.
l The benefit of this scheme will be given to
those students whose parental income is less
than ` 240000 lakh.
Educational Facilities
lBoy students of SC from class 1st to 12th, get
a scholarship of ` 100 to ` 300 per month and
a lumpsum allowance of ` 1450 per annum
according to class.
lGirl students who belong to SC groups get
` 150 to ` 400 per month scholarship from
class 1st to 12th, and a lumpsum allowance up
to ` 740 to ` 1450 per annum direct
allowance according to class.
Dr. BR Ambedkar Awas Navinikarn
Yojana
Under Dr. BR Ambedkar Awas Navinikarn
Yojana, SC, nomadic and roadside persons living
below the poverty line will be provided with a
grant amount of ` 50000 to repair their houses.
Inter-Caste Marriage Incentive Scheme
l The State Government has launched the
Inter-caste Marriage Incentive Scheme to
eliminate caste discrimination and encourage
mutual harmony in the society.
l To get the benefit of this scheme, one person
from the couple must be from the scheduled
caste and the other from the non-scheduled
caste.
l The couple should also be permanent residents
of Haryana.
l Under this scheme, a grant of ` 50000 was
given by the State Government for scheduled
caste boy and girl to marry a non-scheduled
caste girl and boy. At present, this amount has
been increased from ` 50000 to 2.5 lakh.
504
Farmers Welfare Schemes
The following schemes related to farmer welfare
are being implemented in the state:
Bhavantar Bharpayee Yojana
lThe scheme was launched by the State
Government on 1st January, 2018, to protect
the farmers from losses in the price of crops
due to various disasters in Haryana.
lUnder this project, the base price of vegetables
was first determined.
lIf a farmer has to sell his crop below the base
price in the mandi, the State Government pays
the extra price to the farmers.
lIn order to take advantage of this scheme,
every farmer is required to register under the
Bhavantar Bhoomi Yojana Portal.
lUnder this scheme, the first minimum base
price of four crops (tomato, onion, potato,
cauliflower) was fixed.
▲ BHAVANTAR BHARPAYEE YOJANA
Crop Cluster Development Programme
(CCDP)
l This scheme was started in the year 2018 by
the Minister of Agriculture and Farmers
Welfare, Om Prakash Dhankhar in Gurugram
district.
l The scheme aims to double the income of
farmers by eliminating intermediation of
middlemen.
l Under this scheme, 140 clusters have been
built in 340 villages of the state, in which a
Know Your State Haryana
crop cluster has been built on each cluster.
Through these clusters, farmers will also be
helped to sell their farm produce.
National Agricultural Market (e-NAM)
In the state of Haryana, the scheme was
launched in the year 2017 by Haryana State
Agricultural Marketing Board by linking
54 mandis to the e- NAM platform. e - NAM is
an online platform that provides training facility
to farmers, traders and buyers.
Livestock Insurance Scheme
l The scheme was launched on 29th July, 2016
by the Haryana Government. The scheme
provides insurance cover at low premium rates
to livestock owners.
l This scheme provides a 3 year insurance cover
to farmers for cows, buffaloes, bulls and
camels at `100 premium and provides a 3-year
insurance cover to sheep, goats and pigs at a
premium of ` 25.
e-Procurement
l The scheme was started jointly by Haryana
State Agricultural Marketing Board and Food
and Supplies Department in the year 2016.
The scheme was started in Karnal district of
Haryana.
l The objective of this scheme is to bring
transparency in the procurement process of
foodgrains at all levels.
Scholarship Scheme for Children of
Cooperative Milk Producers
l The scheme was launched on 1st March, 2015
by the Department of Dairy Development,
Government of Haryana.
l Under this scheme, children of cooperative
milk producers are included who have secured
more than 80% marks in the 10th and 12th
examinations. Scholarship of ` 2100 is offered
to the students of class 10th and ` 5100 to the
students of class 12th.
Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana 505

Insurance Scheme for Cooperative
Milk Producers
l This is an accident insurance scheme
implemented by the Department of Dairy
Development in the state.
l Under this scheme, accident insurance of
` 5 lakhs is provided to the families of
milk producers of cooperative societies.
Haryana Mini Dairy Scheme
lThis scheme is being implemented by the
Government of Haryana in collaboration
with NABARD Bank. The scheme
promotes farmers’ income and cow-based
dairy.
lUnder this scheme, the Haryana
Government provides loans at low interest
for purchase of 50 cows and development
of dairy.
l The entire interest burden of the amount spent on
the developmental work of dairy is borne by the
State Government, while 50% subsidy is given by
the state government on the loan to purchase
cows.
Gau Samvardhan Yojana
lThis scheme, implemented by the Animal
Husbandry and Dairy Department of the State
Government, develops and protects the breed of
indigenous cows.
lThis scheme mainly provides protection to
Haryana, Balahi and Sahiwal breeds.
lUnder this scheme, incentives ranging from ` 5000
to ` 20000 are provided to the cattle herders of
these three breeds who provide more milk.
lUnder this scheme, 50% premiums are paid for
general cattle herders and 100% for scheduled
cattle herders.

Other Major Schemes of the Central and State Government in Haryana

Year of
Scheme Important Features
Implementation

Mukhyamantri 26th February, 2019 This scheme was launched by the CM of Haryana. It is for farmers’ of the
Parivar Samman state. The MMPSY has four options for the beneficiary families of the first
Nidhi Yojana category of honour fund. In which the beneficiary family can get cash of
(MMPSY) ` 6000 per year, which will be deposited in the bank account of the family
head in three similar installments of ` 2000.

Haryana Parivartan 21st February, 2018 The State Government has started this scheme in 46 developing blocks to
Yojana address 10 issues of the state including cleanliness and pollution.

Antyodaya Aahar 17th February, 2018 This scheme provides meals to poor people at ` 10 and a healthy breakfast
Yojana at ` 5.

Sant Guru Ravidas 4th February, 2018 Under this scheme, loans up to ` 25000 will be provided to the small
Scheme artisans without interest and hostels will be opened in 11 districts of the
state in the name of Baba Sahib.

Star Village Scheme 26th January, 2018 Under this scheme, the State Government will provide assistance to gram
panchayats according to the rate.

Jay Jawan-Jay Awas 3rd June, 2016 This scheme was started from Matanhail village of Jhajjar district. The aim
Yojana of this scheme is to provide affordable housing to serving and retired army
officers. The project is being operated by Army Welfare Housing
Organisation.
506 Know Your State Haryana

Year of
Scheme Important Features
Implementation

Gramuday se 2nd April, 2016 The scheme was started in Hisar, on the occasion of 125th birth anniversary
Bharatuday Abhiyan of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar.
The goal of this campaign is to strengthen the Panchayati Raj System in all
the villages of India by making efforts for social development, rural
development, development of farmers and progress at the national level for
the livelihood of poor people.

Salamati Scheme/ 29th March, 2016 The aim of this project is to maintain healthy gap between the births of
Project children by using injectable contraceptive.
Haryana has become the first state in India to implement the use of injectable
contraceptive as a family planning measure. This project was started by
Ministry of Haryana with the assistance of Bill and Melinda Gates foundation.

Anukul Greh Yojana 27th March, 2016 This scheme was started by the Department of Social Justice and
Empowerment, Haryana, for the disabled people. Under this scheme, the
government will provide six months advance pension to disabled people to
renovate their home according to their special needs. This amount will be
given within 42 month period.

Mhara Gaon, 1st July, 2015 This scheme aims to provide 24 hours uninterrupted power supply to rural
Jagmag Gaon areas and improve electricity bill collections in order to reduce huge
Scheme accumulated loss of power utilities.

Operation Muskan 1st July, 2015 This programme was launched by Haryana Police and Department of Women
and Child Development to trace and rescue missing children in the state.

Priyadarshini Awas 8th June, 2013 The aim of this scheme is to provide housing in rural areas to the needy
Yojana people. Under this scheme, ` 91000 would be given to the beneficiaries to
built a home.

Beej Yojana 8th June, 2011 To encourage farmers to cultivate alternative crops and reduce wheat and
paddy crops in Haryana.
Multiple
Choice Questions
1. In which year Mahila evam Kishori 9. ‘Haryana Kanya Kosh’ will be used under
Samman Yojana was launched in Haryana? the name of which scheme?
(a) 2018 (b) 2019 (a) Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
(c) 2020 (d) None of these (b) Ladli Yojana
2. Women/Girls of which age group are (c) ‘Aapki Beti-Hamari Beti’
included in Mahila evam Kishori Samman (d) None of the above
Yojana? 10. In which year the campaign ‘Beti
(a) 10-45 years (b) 16-45 years Bachao-Beti Padhao’ was started?
(c) 14-60 years (d) 20-45 years [PGT 2016]
3. To set up self-employment how much (a) 22nd January, 2015
amount is given to women under Haryana (b) 2nd October, 2014
Mahila Samridhi Yojana? (c) 11th September, 2014
(a) ` 25000 (b) `40000 (d) 8th March, 2015
(c) ` 60,000 (d) ` 100000 11. From which place the Prime Minister of
4. The Sakhi Scheme was started by the India started Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao
Department of Women and Child campaign? [Bus Conductor 2017]
Development, Haryana for which purpose? (a) Rohtak
(a) Child welfare [PGT 2016] (b) Ambala
(b) Women victims (c) Hisar
(c) Women and child security (d) Panipat
(d) Employment for women
12. ‘Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao’ campaign started
5. Haryana’s first One Stop Centre for women to prevent....... . [HSSC 2020]
‘sakhi’ was opened in ............ . (a) Child-marriage
(a) Karnal (b) Panipat (c) Hisar (d) Rohtak
(b) Gender biased sex-selective abortion
6. Under which scheme, funds ranging from (c) Child education
` 11000 to ` 51000 are given as Shagun (gift) (d) Child labour
for the marriage of girls?
13. Which of the following is the nodal agency
(a) Swadhar Grih Yojana
of the campaign ‘Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao’?
(b) Mukhyamantri Vivah Shagun Yojana
[PGT 2016]
(c) Mahila and Bal Suraksha Yojana
(d) Sakhi Yojana (a) Women and Child Development
(b) Health and Family Welfare
7. Aapki Beti-Hamari Beti Scheme was
(c) Ministry of Human Resource
launched in which year?
(d) Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
(a) 2000 (b) 2005 (c) 2010 (d) 2015
14. ‘Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao’ campaign is
8. ‘Aapki Beti-Hamari Beti’ scheme was
related to which department?
launched with an aim to....... .
[Food and Supply 2017]
(a) eliminate sex-selective abortions
(a) Women and Child Development
(b) providing vocational education to girls
(b) Cultural Works Department
(c) providing gender based reservation
(d) elimination pay disparities between men (c) Panchayat and Development
and women (d) Family and Health Development
508 Know Your State Haryana

15. SABLA Scheme was launched in which 23. ‘Thari Pension-Thare Pass’ scheme was
district of Haryana? launched in the year, 2015 to ensure..... .
(a) Ambala (b) Rohtak [HSSC 2018]
(c) Rewari (d) All of these (a) transparency in pension
16. Ladli Social Security Allowance Scheme (b) transparency in government result
was launched on? [HSSC 2020, 16] (c) tansparency in LPG
(d) transparency in social security pension.
(a) 1st January, 2006 (b) 1st March, 2006
(c) 1st March, 2005 (d) 1st January, 2005 24. How much pension is given to freedom
fighters under the scheme of State Samman
17. Ladli Scheme was started on........ .
Pension for Freedom Fighters?
[Bus Conductor 2006]
(a) ` 10000 (b) ` 15000 (c) ` 20000 (d) ` 50000
(a) 15th August, 2005
(b) 26th January, 2005 25. Mission Indradhanush was launched on
(c) 2nd October, 2005 (a) 7th April, 2015 (b) 13th April, 2010
(d) None of the above (c) 2nd October, 2005 (d) 1st December, 2001
18. Which scheme was launched by Haryana 26. Which scheme was started for the health
Government not only to control population check-ups of children upto 18 years of age in
growth, but also to check the declining Haryana? [PGT 2018, 16]
trend in the male and female sex-ratio in (a) Indira Bal Swasthya Yojana
the state? [PGT 2016] (b) Nehru Bal Swasthya Yojana
(a) Devi Rupak Yojana (c) Devilal Bal Swasthya Yojana
(b) Indira Saheli Yojana (d) Amrit Kaur Bal Swasthya Yojana
(c) Farlo Yojana 27. How much insurance cover is given to
(d) Bhagyodaya Yojana registered small and medium traders under
19. Which scheme was launched to improve the Chief Minister Merchant Collective Private
health status of women and child in the Accident Insurance Scheme?
society? [HSSC 2020, 15] (a) ` 2.5 Lakh (b) ` 4 Lakh
(a) Apni Beti-Apna Dhan Yojana (c) ` 5 Lakh (d) ` 6 Lakh
(b) Apni Beti-Paraya Dhan 28. Rajiv Gandhi Parivar Bima Yojana was
(c) Paraya Dhan Parayi Beti started in which year in Haryana?
(d) Indira Saheli Project (a) 2003 (b) 2004 (c) 2005 (d) 2006
20. Which scheme is implemented for the poor 29. Devi Rakshak Scheme was started in which
girls of Haryana? [TGT 2016] year? [PGT 2016]
(a) Apni Beti-Apna Dhan (a) 25th September, 2002 (b) 2nd October, 2003
(b) Apni Beti-Paraya Dhan (c) 2nd October, 2005 (d) 15th August, 2004
(c) Paraya Dhan Parayi Beti
(d) Indira Saheli Yojana 30. Which scheme was launched on 1st
November, 2016 on the occasion of Haryana
21. The pension given to widows under Widow Swarna Jayanti Varsha?
Pension Yojana is...... . (a) Unemployment Allowance Scheme
(a) ` 1600 (b) ` 1800 (b) Saksham Yuva Scheme
(c) ` 2000 (d) ` 2200 (c) Mukhya Mantri Vivah Shagun Yojana
(d) Manohar Jyoti Scheme
22. Which scheme was launched by the Chief
Minister of Haryana, Manohar Lal Khattar 31. ‘Saksham Yuva Scheme’ launched in 2016
on 4th August, 2015? provides unemployment allowance to....... .
[Auction Recorder 2016, HSSC 2016] (a) Doctorate holders
(a) Thari Pension-Thare Pass (b) intermediate passed unemployed youths
(b) Aapki Beti-Hamari Beti (c) illiterate youths
(c) Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao (d) graduate and post graduate unemployed
(d) Biomass Project youths
Social Welfare Schemes in Haryana 509

32. Model Career Centre is located in which 40. Crop Cluster Development Scheme was
district of Haryana? started in which year in Haryana?
(a) Rohtak (b) Hisar (a) 2010 (b) 2012
(c) Jind (d) Kurukshetra (c) 2016 (d) 2018
33. Anusuchit Jati Chattra Shiksha Protsahan (c) Ambala (d) Bhiwani
Yojana was started in........ . 41. Due to which scheme/project, Haryana has
(a) 2009 (b) 2010 (c) 2011 (d) 2012 become the first state in India to implement
the use of injectable contraceptives as a
34. Under Dr. BR Ambedkar Awas Navinikarn
family planning measure?
Yojana, how much grant is provided to SC,
nomadic and roadside persons living below (a) Salamati Scheme
poverty line to repair their house? (b) Operation Muskan
(a) ` 10000 (b) ` 20000 (c) Antyodaya Aahar Yojana
(c) ` 30000 (d) ` 50000 (d) Gramodaya Se Bharatodaya Abhiyan
35. Which condition is required under 42. ‘Mhara Gaon-Jagmag Gaon’ scheme was
Inter-Caste Marriage Incentive Scheme? started in which year in Haryana state?
(a) One person from the couple must be from (a) 1st July, 2015 [PGT 2016]
the SC (b) 15th August, 2015
(b) The couple should be permanent residents (c) 20th October, 2015
of Haryana (d) 15th December, 2015
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above 43. In which year ‘Priyadarshini Awas Yojana’
was started? [PGT 2016]
36. The first minimum base price of how many (a) 8th June, 2013
crops was fixed under Bhavantar (b) 25th June, 2002
Bharpayee Yojana? (c) 14th August, 2004
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 6 (d) 12th March, 2004
37. The e-Nam Scheme was launched in which 44. Beej Yojana was started in which year in
year in Haryana? Haryana? [HSSC 2020, 19]
(a) 2011 (b) 2013 (c) 2015 (d) 2017 (a) 2005 (b) 2009
38. Livestock Insurance Scheme was launched (c) 2011 (d) 2007
in which year in Haryana? 45. In which year Mukhya Mantri Parivar
(a) 2011 (b) 2013 Samman Nidhi Yojana was started?
(c) 2015 (d) 2016 [HSSC 2021]
39. e-Procurement Scheme was started in (a) 27th February, 2018
which district of Haryana? (b) 26th February, 2019
(a) Hisar (b) Karnal (c) 28th February, 2018
(c) Jind (d) Panipat (d) 25th February, 2019

Answers
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (b)
31. (d) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (c) 36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (d)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (c) 45. (b)
CHAPTER 31
Famous Personalities
of Haryana
From the historical period to current Era,
Haryana state remained the land of many
extraordinary people. Many personalities born in
the state who belonged to various fields like
history, politics, literature, arts, sports and so on.
Some of the important personalities of Haryana
are discussed below :
Historical Personalities of
Haryana
Harshavardhana
lHe was born in 590 AD in Thanesar. He was
the son of Prabhakara Vardhana. He was the
ruler of Thanesar (Pushyabhuti dynasty) from
606-647 AD. He is considered the last Hindu
ruler of the Northern India.
lHarshavardhana was defeated by the South
Indian Emperor Pulakeshin II of the Chalukya
dynasty on the bank of Narmada river.
lThe famous Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang
travelled to India during the reign of
Harshavardhana.
lHe was the patron of many famous scholars and
writers. Banabhatta was his Court Poet who
composed Harshacharita (an account of Harsha’s
life and deeds) and Kadambari. Harshavardhana
was a famous scholar and writer. He wrote
three sanskrit plays i.e. Nagananda, Ratnavali
and Priyadarshika. He died in 647 AD.
Anangpal II
lHe was the ruler of Tomar dynasty. His
territory was extended from Haryana to Delhi
and his capital was Delhi.
lHe made his Tomar region strong and his
army disciplined. He established Lal Kot, the
very first fort of Delhi.
lIn 1052 AD Anangpal II established the
Iron Pillar in Delhi and built the Anangtal
Sarovar near this pillar. He constructed
Surajkund and also built 27 palaces and
temples.
Mahipal
lHe was the ruler of Delhi and its
neighbouring regions and belongs from
Tomara dynasty.
lIn 1043 AD, he established his reign over a
large territory including Hansi and Thanesar
after the death of Masood, successor of
Mahmud Ghaznavi. He founded Mahipalpur
town in Delhi.
Prithviraj Chauhan
lHe was born in 1166 AD. He was the
Kshatriya ruler of Chahamana (Chauhan)
dynasty.
lHe ruled over Ajmer and Delhi (Northern
Indian Territory). His period of reign was
from 1178 to 1192 AD.
Famous Personalities of Haryana
l He was known by many other names like Rai
Pithora, Prithvi Raj III, Hindu Samrat and
Sapadalaksheshwar. He defeated Muhammad
of Ghor in the first Battle of Tarain (Karnal)
in 1191 AD, but was defeated, and killed by
Muhammad of Ghor in the second Battle of
Tarain in 1192 AD.
l His love story and war stories have been
described in the epic called Prithviraj Raso,
composed by Chand Bardai.
Jatwan
l He was the Commander of Hansi and Hisar.
After the second Battle of Tarain (1192 AD)
he conquered Hansi fort.
l He was defeated by Qutub-ud-Din Aibak, the
commander of Muhammad of Ghor in a
battle on the Western Bagar region and was
killed.
Hasan Khan Mewati
lHe was the ruler of Mewat which was under
the possession of Lodhi rulers.
lHe became an independent ruler of Mewat
after the defeat of Ibrahim Lodhi in the first
Battle of Panipat in 1526 AD.
lIn 1527 AD, he was defeated by Babur at the
Battle of Khanwa where he was killed in 1527
AD and his son Nahar Khan was imprisoned
by Babur.
Suraj Mal
lMaharaja Suraj Mal was born in Bharatpur in
1707 AD. After the death of Aurangzeb in
1707 AD, several powerful states emerged in
North India; Bharatpur was one of these
states.
lSuraj Mal was the ruler of Bharatpur state
and successor to Badan Singh (father). In
1755 AD, Suraj Mal made Bharatpur his
capital (formerly Dig was the Capital). Dig
was founded by Suraj Mal in 1743 AD.
511
l Maharaja Suraj Mal was a wise, brave warrior
and a successful General. Due to his wisdom,
he was given the name of Aflatoon of Jats or
Plato of Jats.
l Bharatpur Princely State included many areas
of Haryana such as Gohana, Bhiwani,
Kalanaur, Rohtak, Dadri, Gurugram,
Ballabhgarh, Nuh and Palwal.
l Jawahar Singh, son of Suraj Mal, also
conquered many areas of Haryana.
l He led the Jats from 1756-63 AD.
l Maharaja Suraj Mal was killed by deceit on
the banks of Hindon river on 25th
December, 1761 AD.
Banda Bairagi
lHe was born on 27th October, 1670. He
belonged to a Rajput family of a village called
Rajouri in Poonch district of Jammu and
Kashmir. His real name was Lakshman Dev.
After becoming a disciple of the famous Saint
Ramdas of Lahore, he was called Madhodas
Bairagi.
lIn September 1708, the 10th Sikh Guru
Gobind Singh named him Gurubaksh Singh.
Later on he was known as Banda Singh
Bahadur.
lHe met Guru Gobind Singh in Nanded (South
India). After being inspired by Guru Ji, he
came to North India and made Sehri Khanda
village his headquarters in the present Sonipat
district.
lAfter that he took control of Sonipat, Kaithal
and Shahabad and defeated Wazir Khan,
Military Commander of Kunjpura. After this
Banda Bahadur made Sirhind his headquarters.
lOn 26th October, 1770, Mewati Sardar Feroz
Khan defeated Banda Bahadur in a battle.
Therefore, when the situation in Sirhind was not
under control, Banda Bahadur made Lohgarh as
his hideout in Yamunanagar district.
512
l He was forced to leave Lohgarh in October,
1713 due to the invasion of the Mughal
army. Later, he was captured by the Mughal
army and was killed.
Kaku Rana Mewati
lKaku Rana Mewati was the ruler of Mewat in
the 13th century. He fought against Ghiyasuddin
Balban (1266-86). The headquarters of Mewat
at that time was Gadhdhamina (Mehrauli).
Hemu (Hemchandra)
lHe was a simple tradesman of Rewari, who was
appointed as the Prime Minister of
Adil Shah the successor of Sher Shah Suri.
lIn 1556 AD, after taking control of Delhi and
Agra, he assumed the title of Vikramaditya and
became the ruler of these regions.
lBut he was defeated by Akbar in the second
Battle of Panipat in 1556 AD and was killed by
Bairam Khan, the regent of Akbar.
lHe was the last Hindu ruler of Delhi and last
‘Vikramaditya’.
Gopal Singh
lHe belonged to Sihi village and was the founder
of the Jat principality in Ballabhgarh.
lAfter many invasions, the Mughal Faujdar of
Faridabad accepted him as the ruler and
Chaudhary of Ballabhgarh in the year 1910.
lHe became the first Indian to be appointed as
the first Chief Justice of Punjab High Court in
1913. He became a member of Privy Council,
London for 5 years. He died in 1941.
Political Personalities
Sir Shadi Lal
l He was born in 1874 AD at Rewari in a well-off
family . He started his career as a lawyer in the
year 1900. He received the title of Rai Bahadur
in 1909 by the British Government.
l He became the member of Punjab Legislative
Assembly in 1910.
Know Your State Haryana
Gulzarilal Nanda
lHe was born on 4th July, 1898 in Sialkot
(Pakistan). He became the Union Home
Minister on 21st September, 1963 and the
first Acting Prime Minister of India after the
death of Jawaharlal Nehru on 27th May, 1964.
lAfter the death of Prime Minister Lal Bahadur
Shastri on 11th January, 1966, he again
became the interim Prime Minister of India.
lHe was elected from Kaithal Lok Sabha
Constituency in the year 1967. He founded
the Kurukshetra Development Board in the
year 1968 for the promotion, preservation and
development of pilgrimage centers of
Kurukshetra. He became the Union Railway
Minister on 18th February, 1970.
lThe Government of India honoured him
with the Bharat Ratna on 24th July, 1977
for his matchless service. He died on 15th
January, 1998.
Sucheta Kripalani
lShe was born on 25th June, 1908 in Ambala
city of Haryana state.
lShe was elected a member of the Constituent
Assembly in the year 1946. From 1948 to
1960 she was the General Secretary of the
Indian National Congress.
lShe was also a member of the Lok Sabha
twice. In the year 1963, she also became the
Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Sucheta
Kripalani died on 1st December, 1974.
Famous Personalities of Haryana
Lala Chandrabhan Gupta
lHe was born on 27th July, 1921 in the village
of Khairpur in Rohtak district. He became a
member of the Refugee Relief Committee in
the year 1947. He became a member of
Haryana Pradesh Congress Committee and
delegate of All India Congress in 1954.
lHe edited a weekly magazine called Bharat
Nirman. He became the General Secretary of
the Janata Party in 1977. After this, he retired
from politics.
Kishan Das
lHe was born in the year 1926 in Rohtak. He
was elected as the President of Municipality of
Rohtak twice (1961-63 and 1964-67). He has
also been the financier of Haryana Vikas
Party. He was elected MLA in the year 1972.
lHe was awarded the Padma Shri by the
President of India in the year 1976. He
became MLA for the second time in 1982 and
Cabinet Minister in 1986.
Bansi Lal
lChaudhary Bansi Lal was born on 26th
August, 1927 in Golagarh village of Bhiwani
district of Haryana. He is an Indian Freedom
Fighter, Senior Congress leader, former Chief
Minister of Haryana and the Architect of
Modern Haryana. He is best known as the
Iron man of Haryana.
lHe was elected a member of the Haryana
Legislative Assembly seven times (1967, 1968,
1972, 1986, 1991, and 1996). Bansi Lal was
also served as the country’s Defense Minister
(21-12-1975 to 21-05-1977). He was also held
the Railway Minister in December, 1984 and
Transport Minister in June, 1986.
lBansi Lal served as the Chief Minister of
Haryana four times from 1968, 1972, 1986
and 1996. He was the third Chief Minister of
Haryana after Bhagwat Dayal Sharma and
Rao Virendra Singh.
513
l Haryana Vikas Party was formed in the year
1996 by Bansi Lal. He died on 28th March,
2006.
Chandravati
lShe was born on 3rd September, 1928 in
Charkhi-Dadri district. She was the first woman
in Northern India to study Law education.
lShe became the Legislator from Dadri in the
PEPSU Assembly elections in 1954. She was
the Deputy Minister of Food and Supplies
Department till the year 1964-66.
lShe was re-elected in the 1972 Haryana
Legislative Assembly elections and was the
State Minister between the years 1972-74.
lShe became the Member of Parliament from
Bhiwani Lok Sabha Constituency in the
year 1977.
lShe has the honour of being the first woman
Lieutenant Governor of India and the first-ever
woman Member of Parliament from Haryana.
She was also the Lieutenant Governor of
Puducherry from February 1990 to December
1991. She died on 15th November, 2020.
Sushma Swaraj
lThe country’s leading woman politician
Sushma Swaraj was born on 14th
February, 1952 in Ambala Cantt, Haryana.
lSushma Swaraj has been a seven-time Member
of Parliament and 3 times Member of
Legislative Assembly. She also has the honour of
being the youngest Cabinet Minister (Labour
and Employment Minister) in Haryana.
514
l She became the President of Haryana unit of
Janata Party at the age of 27 in 1979.
l She also has the honour of being the first
woman Chief Minister of Delhi in the
year 1998.
l In 1996, she became the Information and
Broadcasting Minister in Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s
13-day government for the first time.
l In March 1998, she again became the Union
Minister for Information and Broadcasting.
l She again became Cabinet Minister of
Information and Broadcasting for the third
time in September, 2000.
l In the year 2003-04, she served as the Union
Minister of Health and in the year 2009 as the
leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha.
l She had served as the Indian Minister of
External Affairs under the Government of
Prime Minister Narendra Modi from May 2014
to May 2019. She died on 6th August, 2019 in
New Delhi.
Arvind Kejriwal
lHe was born in the year 1968 in Siwani town of
Bhiwani district. He received the degree of
Mechanical Engineering in the year 1989 from
IIT Kharagpur.
lHe passed the IRS competitive exam in the year
1992 and was appointed to the post of Assistant
Commissioner. He laid the foundation of a
social organisation called Parivartan.
Know Your State Haryana
l He along with Anna Hazare and Aruna Rai
fought for the Right to Information Act.
l He started his political career in the year
2012. He announced the formation of the
Aam Aadmi Party on 26th November, 2012.
At present, he is the Chief Minister of Delhi.
Social Activists
Seth Chaudhary Chhaju Ram
lSeth Chaudhary Chhaju Ram was born on
27th November, 1865 in Alakhpura village of
Bawani Kheda tehsil in Bhiwani district.
lHe founded the Jat School in Hisar in the
year 1924. In 1926, he was elected as
Member of the Punjab Legislative Council.
lHe was conferred the title of Sir in the year
1931 by the British Government due to his
services provided during the severe famine of
1928-29.
lHe had good business of jute, people used to
call him as Jute King. He was popular for
doing charity, due to which he is also called
Bhamashah, the donor of Jats.
lDue to his donations, many hostels, libraries
and Dharamshalas were constructed in the
state. Chaudhary Chhajju Ram, a true
servant of humanity, died on 7th April, 1943.
Uday Singh Mann
lHe was born on 14th January, 1911 in a
village called Sidhipur Lowa Kalan in
Jhajjar district.
lHe was the head of Jat educational
institutions of Rohtak till 1958-61. His era is
considered the Golden Age of Jat
Educational Institutions.
lIn 1957, he participated in Hindi Raksha
Andolan and went to jail. He died on 8th
July, 2016.
Famous Personalities of Haryana
Ramakrishna Gupta
lHe was born in the year 1918 in Barnala,
Punjab. In 1955, he formed a union of
labourers working in Dalmia Cement Factor
and became its chief. He was elected to the Lok
Sabha in the year 1957.
lIn 1960, he established Gandhi Memorial
Education Society in Dadri.
lHe changed the name of Dadri from Dalmia
Dadri and got it renamed as ‘Charkhi-Dadri’.
Baba Ramdev
lBaba Ramdev is an Indian yoga guru. He was
born on 25th December, 1965 in Said Alipur
(Nangal Chaudhary town) in Mahendragarh
district of Haryana. His childhood name was
Ramkishan. His father was Mr Ramnivas and
mother was Mrs Gulab Devi.
lHe joined a Gurukul in Khanpur village for
yoga and Sanskrit education. He was
introduced to the word sannyas during the
course of yoga education, after which he
named his name Ramdev.
lIn 1995, Baba Ramdev founded the Divya Yog
Mandir Trust with Shankar Devi Ji Maharaj.
lHis Guru’s name was Acharya Baldev. He has
started a wonderful revolution in the field of
yoga by presenting simple methods of Yogasana
and Pranayama to the people of the country
and abroad.
lHe has taught yoga to crores of people within
country and abroad. He started the Patanjali
Yoga Peeth Trust in Dayanand village on
6th August, 2006.
515
Military Personnel
Chhelu Ram
lChhelu Ram was born in the year 1905 in a
village called Dinod in Bhiwani district.
lChhelu Ram was a soldier of the 4th Battalion
of the Rajputana Rifles of the British Indian
Army, who died on the night of 19-20 April,
1943 while fighting in Tunisia during World
War II.
lHavildar Major Chhelu Ram was posthumously
awarded the Victoria Cross Medal.
Umrao Singh
lHavildar Umrao Singh Yadav was born in
Palra village Jhajjar in 1920. He joined the
Indian Army in the year 1939.
lHe received the Victoria Cross Medal during
World War II. He was the only
‘Non-Commissioned Officer’ to receive the
medal. He retired in the year 1965.
Brigadier Hoshiar Singh Dahiya
lBrigadier Hoshiar Singh was born on 5th May,
1937 in Sisana village in Sonipat district. He
participated in the wars of 1965 and 1971.
lHe was awarded the Param Vir Chakra after
the war by demonstrating unparalleled valour
in the Indo-Pak war of 1971. He is the only
Param Vir Chakra awardee of the state.
lHe retired from the post of Brigadier in the
year 1996. He died on 6th December, 1998.
General Deepak Kapoor
Former Army Chief General Deepak Kapoor
was born in the year 1948. He was the Chief of
the Indian Army from 30th September, 2007 to
31th March, 2010.
General Vijay Kumar Singh
lGeneral VK Singh is a resident of Bapora
village in Bhiwani district; he was born on
10th May, 1951.
516
l After receiving commission in the Indian Service
in the year 1970, he became the 24th Chief of
the Indian Army.
l He was the Chief of the Indian Army from
1st April, 2010 to 31st March, 2012. He
became the Minister of State for External Affairs
of India in May, 2014.
Admiral Sunil Lanba
lAdmiral Sunil Lanba was born on 17th July, 1957
in Palwal district of Haryana. He was
commissioned in the Indian Navy in 1978.
lHe served as the 23rd Chief of the Naval Staff
of the Indian Navy. He assumed the office
on 31st May, 2016 and demitted office on
31st May, 2019. During this time, he also served
as Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee
and Honorary Aide-de-Camp to the President
of India.
General Dalbir Singh Suhag
lGeneral Dalbir Suhag was born on 28th
December, 1954 in Visan village, Jhajjar district.
General Suhag was commissioned into the
Indian Army in June, 1974.
lHe was the 26th Chief of the Army Staff
(COAS) of the Indian Army from 31st July,
2014 to 31st December, 2016.
Miscellaneous Personalities
Pandit Bastiram
lPandit Bastiram, the preacher of the famous
Arya Samaj, was born in 1842 AD in village
Kheri Sultan in Jhajjar district.
Know Your State Haryana
l After meeting Swami Dayanand in 1880, he
started propagating the Arya Samaj by going
from village to village.
l His special areas were Haryana, Uttar
Pradesh (Western) and Rajasthan. He died in
the year 1959.
Hardev Sahai Lal
lHe was born on 26th November, 1892 in a
Vaishya family in the village of Satrod near
Hisar.
lHe was a freedom fighter as well as a
philanthropist. He established a school in
Satrod in the year 1912.
lHe founded Vidya Pracharini Sabha in 1923
in association with Pandit Nekiram Sharma
and Pandit Thakurdas Bhargava. He died on
30th September, 1962.
Karna Singh
lHe was born on 18th September, 1921 in a
village called Kurar Ibrahimpur in Sonipat
district.
lHe established a ‘stud farm’ in Tohana and
become the first person to own a stud farm
as a Veterinarian.
lHe was awarded the Defense Medal (1965),
the Summer Service Star (1965) and the
Independence Day Silver Jubilee Medal
(1972). He died on 19th November, 1969.
Balaram Ludesar
lHe was born on 19th August, 1924 in the
village of Ludesar in Sirsa. He joined the
Azad Hind Fauj in Singapore.
lHe also participated in the war of Burma.
After this, he started social service. He
has also been the Head (Sarpanch) of
the village.
lHe has been awarded Copper plate and
pension by the Government of India and
Government of Haryana.
Famous Personalities of Haryana
Daryao Singh Malik
lHe was born on 11th July, 1938 in Ugrakheri
village of Panipat. He is also known as Khunda.
lHe joined the Public Relations Department in
the year 1961. He played the comic role of
Khunda in the first Haryanvi film
Chandrawal.
Jagdish Prasad Chaudhary
l He was born on 7th March, 1949 in Morkheri
village of Rohtak district. He was a linguist of
German language.
l In the year 2005-06, the Government of India
honoured him with the National Tourism
Award.
Magician Samrat Shankar
lShankar Magician was born on 6th September,
1950 at a place called Ellenabad in Sirsa
district of Haryana. The original name of the
magician Samrat Shankar is
Shiv Kumar Modi.
lFrom 1974, he started doing his magic show.
People of the state call him Magician Samrat.
Kalpana Chawla
l Kalpana Chawla was born on 17th March,
1962 in Karnal. In 1994, she was selected in
the US Space Mission Organisation (NASA).
Her training for space travel started in the
year 1995.
517
l On 19th November, 1997, she became the
first woman of Indian origin to travel to the
spacecraft from the Colombia spacecraft.
l She left for the second space trip from Cape
Kennedy Space Center to Colombia spacecraft
on 16th January, 2003, but died on 1st
February, 2003, due to the crash of the vehicle
just 16 minutes before reaching the Earth.
Santosh Yadav
lShe was born in the year 1969 in Rewari
district of Haryana. She is the Deputy
Superintendent of the Indo-Tibetan Border
Police and the only woman from India to have
twice conquered the 8848 m high Mount
Everest (May 1992 and May 1993,
respectively).
lShe has also been awarded the Padma Shri
Award in the year 2000 by the Government
of India.
Shekhar Gupta
lHe is the Chief Editor of famous Indian
newspaper ‘The Indian Express’. He anchored
in the programme Walk the Talk to be
broadcasted on NDTV.
lIn 2009, the Government of India honoured
him with the Padma Bhushan Award in the
field of journalism.
Manushi Chhillar
lManushi Chhillar was born on 14th May,
1997 in Rohtak district, Haryana. She is an
Indian model. She won the title of Femina
Miss India in the year 2017.
lShe won the title of Miss World 2017 in
the Miss World 2017 competition held in
Arena City, China in the year 2017. It is
the title won by an Indian after 2001
(Priyanka Chopra).
518 Know Your State Haryana

Multiple
Choice Questions
1. Who is known as the last Hindu ruler of the 10. King Harshavardhana wrote the famous
Northern India? Sanskrit play ....... . [HSSC 2019]
(a) Harshavardhana (b) Mahipal (a) Bharatanjali (b) Narayaniyan
(c) Anangpal II (d) Prithviraj Chauhan (c) Nagananda (d) None of these
2. Pulakeshin II who defeated 11. Who built Anangtal sarovar?
Harshavardhana, was a descendant of ....... (a) Mahipal
dynasty. [HSSC 2017] (b) Hemchandra
(a) Kadamb (b) Pallavas (c) Anangpal II
(c) Pushyabhuti (d) Chalukya (d) Hasan Khan Mewati
3. Hiuen Tsang was a ........ traveller. 12. The town founded by Tomar ruler ‘Mahipal’
(a) British (b) Roman in Delhi is ......... .
(c) Chinese (d) Portuguese (a) Mahipalpur (b) Hauz Khas
4. Hiuen Tsang travelled to India during the (c) Meharuli (d) Dhaula Kuan
reign of ..... . [HSSC 2019] 13. Who was known as ‘Rai Pithora’?
(a) Samudragupta (b) Harshavardhana [HSSC 2015]
(c) Shahjahan (d) Chandragupta II (a) Mahipal (b) Prithviraj Chauhan
(c) Anangpal II (d) Jatwan
5. Banabhatta was ......... in the court of king
Harshavardhana. [HSSC 2020] 14. The first Battle of Tarain took place in
(a) Asthanakavi (b) Minister which year?
(c) Senapati (d) Royal Preceptor (a) 1191 AD (b) 1194 AD
(c) 1291 AD (d) 1299 AD
6. Who was the court poet in the reign of king
Hashavardhana? [HSSC 2020] 15. The second Battle of Tarain between
(a) Panini (b) Uday Bhanu Hans Prithviraj Chauhan and Muhammad of
(c) Banabhatta (d) Chaurangirath Ghor, took place in which year?
(a) 1191 AD (b) 1192 AD
7. Who wrote Harshacharita?
(c) 1199 AD (d) 1205 AD
(a) Mahatma Gandhi [Haryana Conductor 2017]
(b) Rajendra Prasad 16. Who is the author of ‘Prithviraj Raso’?
(c) Ravindra Nath Tagore [HSSC 2018]
(d) Banabhatta (a) Surdas (b) Banabhatta
(c) Prithviraj Chauhan (d) Chandbardai
8. In which book did the poet Banabhatta
write the life events of King Harsha? 17. Who documented the life of Prithviraj
[HSSC 2017] Chauhan through poetry? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Ratnavali (b) Nagananda (a) Shri Uday Bhanu Hans
(c) Kadambari (d) Harshacharita (b) Shri Balmukund Gupt
(c) Shri Lakhmi Chand Sangi
9. Banabhatta was a court poet of which
(d) Shri Chandbardai
ruler? [Forest Department 2017]
(a) Harshavardhana 18. Whch of the following was written by Shri
(b) Rajyavardhana Chandbardai? [HSSC 2020]
(c) Prabhakarvardhana (a) Shyan Sat Sai (b) Tiriya Ke Masmoom
(d) Chandragupta (c) Prithvi Raj Raso (d) Sur Sagar
Famous Personalities of Haryana 519

19. Who was the Commander of Muhammad of 29. Which freedom fighter later become the
Ghor who defeated ‘Jatwan’, Commander of Chief Minister of Haryana? [PGT 2020]
Hansi and Hisar? (a) Shri Rao Birender Singh
(a) Ghiyathod-Din Muhammad (b) Chaudhary Bansi Lal
(b) Bahaal-Din Sam (c) Chaudhary Devilal
(c) Qutub-ud-Din Aibak (d) Shri Manohar Lal Khattar
(d) Balban
30. Who is known as the ‘Architect of Modern
20. Who was defeated by Babur at the Battle of Haryana’? [HSSC 2020, PGT 2015]
Khanwa? (a) Dr Sarup Singh (b) Chaudhary Bansi Lal
(a) Jatwan (b) Hasan Khan Mewati (c) Om Prakash Jindal (d) Bhajan Lal
(c) Harshavardhana (d) Gopal Singh
31. Chaudhary Bansi Lal is best known as ........ .
21. Who established Bharatpur town? [HSSC 2020]
(a) Rana Sanga (b) Raja Jai Singh (a) favourite Chief Minister of Haryana
(c) Suraj Mal (d) Harshavardhana (b) Iron man of Haryana
22. What was the real name of Banda Bairagi? (c) Father of Haryana
(a) Ramdev (b) Ramdas (d) Haryana Kesari
(c) Lakshman Dev (d) Lakshman Das 32. Who became the first women Lieutenant
23. The famous king, Hemu Vikramaditya who Governor of India?
had ruled in Haryana was earlier a ....... . (a) Chandravati (b) Sucheta Kripalani
[HSSC 2020] (c) Sarojini Naidu (d) Sushma Swaraj
(a) Trainer (b) Peasent 33. The first woman politician of Haryana, who
(c) Tradesman (d) Administrator served as the Governor of a state is ....... .
24. Who was the last 'Vikramaditya’? [Haryana Police Constable 2018]
[HSSC 2016] (a) Shanno Devi (b) Chandravati
(a) Gopal Singh (b) Hemu (c) Chandrakala (d) Renuka Vishnoi
(c) Mahipal (d) Sir Shadilal
34. Indian Minister of External Affairs, Sushma
25. Founder of Jat principality in Ballabhgarh Swaraj belongs to ......... . [HSSC 2017]
was ......... . (a) Karnal (b) Rohtak
(a) Pandit Deen Dayal Sharma (c) Ambala (d) Faridabad
(b) Gopal Singh
35. Who is the second women to be India’s
(c) Gulab Singh
(d) Mohan Singh
External Affairs Minister?
(a) Indira Gandhi (b) Sushma Swaraj
26. Who became the first Indian to be appointed (c) Manushi Chhillar (d) Geeta Phogat
as the first Chief Justice of Punjab High
Court in 1913? 36. Arvind Kejriwal, Chief Minister of Delhi ,
(a) Gopal Singh (b) Sir Chhotu Ram
was born at ......... .
(c) Dr. Sarup Singh (d) Chaudhary Bansi Lal (a) Sirsa (b) Jind
(c) Nuh (d) Bhiwani
27. Who received the title of ‘Rai Bahadur’ in
1909 AD by the British Government? 37. Who among the following was conferred the
(a) Sir Shadi Lal
title ‘Sir’ by the British Government?
(b) Pandit Deen Dayal Sharma (a) Pt. Shriram Sharma (b) Ch. Chhaju Ram
(c) Harshavardhana (c) Uday Bhanu Singh (d) Ramkrishna Gupta
(d) Mahipal 38. Which famous yoga guru was born in the
28. Who was the first Acting Prime Minister of Mahendragarh district of Haryana?
India? [HSSC 2019, Agriculture 2007]
(a) Sucheta Kripalani (a) Swami Chitranand Saraswati
(b) Gulzarilal Nanda (b) Swami Kuvlaynanda
(c) Madan Mohan Malviya (c) VKS Ayangar
(d) Sushma Swaraj (d) Baba Ramdev
520 Know Your State Haryana

39. ‘Divya Yog Mandir’ trust, founded by Baba 46. .......... was the first person to own a stud
Ramdev in the year ......... . farm as a veterinarian?
(a) 1992 (b) 2000 (a) Pt. Bastiram
(c) 1995 (d) 2001 (b) Karna Singh
(c) Jagdish Prasad Chaudhary
40. In which year Baba Ramdev started the
(d) Raj Indra Singh
Patanjali yoga peeth trust?
(a) 2000 (b) 2002 47. Where is the birth place of Magician
(c) 2003 (d) 2006 Samrat Shankar? [HSSC 2017]
(a) Ellenabad (b) Kaithal
41. Who among the following posthumously (c) Hansi (d) Hisar
awarded the Victoria Cross Medal?
(a) Bholuram (b) Chhoturam 48. Kalpana Chawla belongs to which district of
(c) Chhelu Ram (d) Chhaju Ram Haryana? [HSSC 2017, Patwari 2015]
(a) Sonipat (b) Karnal
42. Umrao Singh was born in which district of
(c) Paniput (d) Charkhi-Dadri
Haryana?
(a) Karnal (b) Jind 49. Name the Indian born space scientist who
(c) Jhajjar (d) Ambala died in the year 2003 during a US space
shuttle disaster? [HSSC 2020]
43. Who is the only Param Vir Chakra Awardee
(a) Saina Nehwal (b) Arunima Sinha
of Haryana?
(c) Kalpana Chawla (d) Sunita Williams
(a) Lt Colonel Umrao Singh
(b) Cap. Abhimanyu 50. Kalpana Chawla was died on a space
(c) Br. Lahna Singh mission in ......... .
(d) Br. Hoshiar Singh Dahiya (a) 1985 (b) 1995
(c) 2000 (d) 2003
44. Admiral Sunil Lanba belongs to which
district of Haryana? 51. Santosh Yadav, the first and youngest
(a) Rohtak (b) Bhiwani women in the world to climb Mt. Everest
(c) Palwal (d) Jind belongs to which district of Haryana?
(a) Rewari (b) Hisar
45. Noted Arya Samaj preacher Pandit
(c) Karnal (d) Panipat
Bastiram was born in which place of
Haryana? [HSSC 2020] 52. Who won the Miss World title in 2017?
(a) Sisana (b) Kheri Sultan (a) Manushi Chhillar (b) Geeta Phogat
(c) Hudani (d) Bapora (c) Sakshi Malik (d) Deepa Malik

Answers
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (b)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (b) 38. (d) 39. (c) 40. (d)
41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (b) 49. (c) 50. (d)
51. (a) 52. (a) 45. (d) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (a) 50. (a)