Collection of Laptop Repair Tips Ebook

Buyer: JORGE NEGRETE (abcdelamicroelectronica@hotmail.
com)
Transaction ID: 4PP95200Y5914263J
Buyer: JORGE NEGRETE (abcdelamicroelectronica@hotmail.com)
Collection of Laptop (Notebook) Repair Tips 2
Contents:
Chapter 1: Collection of Laptop (Notebook ) Repair
Tips.......................................................................................................7
Apple Macbook Air A1369 (820-3023-A) Laptop with Multiple Problems……8
Apple Macbook Air A1465 (820-00164-A) Laptop with White Screen and then
Shows a “Question Mark Folder” Logo only.....................................................12
Apple Macbook Air A1465 Laptop with No Display Problem..........................20
Apple Macbook Air A1466 (820-3437-B) Laptop with Water Damage Causing
Laptop Cannot Power On Problem.....................................................................26
Apple MacBook Air A1466 (820-3437-B) Laptop is Unsuccessful Repair from

the other Repair Shop.........................................................................................33
Apple MacBook Air A1466 Laptop Cannot Wake Up on Standby Mode.........39
Apple MacBook Air A1466 (820-00165-A) Laptop Cannot Power On in Battery

Mode. When Use AC Mode to Power On the Laptop, Their Fan is Spinning
Non-stop in Maximum Speed.............................................................................44
Apple Macbook Pro A1706 (820-00239-A) Laptop Cannot Power On.............54
Apple Macbook Pro A1706 Laptop Cannot Power On due to Water/Milk Tea
Damage Problem.................................................................................................60
Apple iMac A1418 (820-00430-A) Computer Cannot Power On Problem.......64
Apple iMac A1311 (K60) Computer No Power, their Mainboard was Burnt....72
Apple iPad Air-2 After Re-programme It, the iPad Cannot Activate now........79
Hasee K610D-i7 D2 QTS502 (Quanta: DAOTWS) Gaming Laptop Cannot

Power On Problem.............................................................................................86
Hasee K670D Gaming Laptop Cannot Power On and No Display Problem.....91
Is the Laptop CPU Processor Can Be Upgraded? If Yes, then How? ...............97
Lenovo G40-70M Laptop Cannot Power On Problem.....................................100
http://www.xiufix.com/laptop-repair-tips/
Lenovo G470 (LA-6751P) Laptop with No Sound Problem............................106
Lenovo G470 Laptop Cannot Charge Battery and in Battery Mode Laptop
Won’t Power On Problems...............................................................................112
Lenovo G480 Laptop No Display, but Sometimes it is normal. Randomly has

Display..............................................................................................................117
MECHEREV X6Ti-S (GH5KN41 REV:1.0) Laptop is Cause by Water Damage

and Won’t Start-up Problem.............................................................................121
Shinelon Destroyer-X55ti Gaming Laptop While Playing the PUBG Game their
Laptop Motherboard is Burnt...........................................................................125
Normal Resistance Values of Coils/Inductor on Laptop Motherboard without

CPU & RAM....................................................................................................138
Chapter 2: Collection of Laptop Power On Sequence

List....................................................................................................139
What is the “Laptop Power On Sequence” in Laptop motherboard and How to
Using it? ...........................................................................................................140
How to Deal with Schematics that Don’t have the Power On Sequence
Described? .......................................................................................................142
Laptop Motherboard Voltage Supply Requirement.........................................146
Intel Core i-Series CPU Generation Voltages..................................................147
Intel Core-i3 Laptop Power On Sequence Diagram.........................................148
Laptop Motherboard Power Sequence Rail......................................................149
Laptop Motherboard Power Sequence Status...................................................150
The Summary of Laptop Motherboard Power On Sequence ...........................151
Intel HM4X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process..............................................152
Intel HM4X Signals Description......................................................................153
Intel HM4X Power Sequence Block Diagram..................................................155
Intel HM5X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process..............................................157
Intel HM5X Signals Description......................................................................158
Intel HM5X Power Sequence Block Diagram..................................................161
Intel HM6X/HM7X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process..................................163
Intel HM6X/HM7X Signals Description..........................................................165
Intel HM6X/HM7X Power Sequence Block Diagram.....................................168
Intel HM6X/HM7X Chipset- Method on How to Find Signal/Power Supply

Lines Easily.......................................................................................................170
AMD Dual Bridge Power On Sequence...........................................................173
AMD Dual Bridge Signals Description............................................................174
AMD Dual Bridge Power Sequence Block Diagram.......................................175
AMD Dual Bridge Chipset- Method on How to Find Signal/Power Supply

Lines Easily.......................................................................................................177
AMD Single Bridge Power On Sequence.........................................................179
AMD Single Bridge Signals Description..........................................................180
AMD Single Bridge Power Sequence Block Diagram.....................................181
Chapter 3: Bypass Discrete Graphic Card/Chip (DIS) and

Change to Unified Memory Architecture (UMA) Graphic
(Integrated Graphic) .....................................................................183
Why need to Convert or Bypass the DIS Graphic to UMA in Laptop? ..........184
The Secret Tips on How to Convert or Bypass the Laptop Motherboard Discrete
to UMA Graphic...............................................................................................186
Intel HM4X Series Dual Bridge Architecture Motherboard DIS to UMA

Method..............................................................................................................186
Intel HM6X & HM7X Series Chipset Motherboard DIS to UMA Method.....187
AMD Dual Bridge Architecture Motherboard DIS to UMA Method..............188
How to Modify Apple Macbook Pro A1286 K91 820-2915 & 820-2915-B
Motherboard from DIS to UMA with 2 Methods (Software or/and
Hardware)…………………………………………………………………….189
Chapter 4: The Laptop Schematic Diagrams, BoardView Files &

Service Manuals..............................................................................200
Acer Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Apple Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams
Asus Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Clevo Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Compal OEM Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams
Dell Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams
FIC OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Foxconn OEM Laptop Schematics Diagrams
Fujitsu Siemens Laptop Schematic Diagrams
HP Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Inventec OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Lenovo Laptop & Tablet Schematic Diagrams
LG Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Other Brands of Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Other Laptop BoardView Files
Quanta OEM Laptop Mainboard Schematic Diagrams
Samsung Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Sony Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Toshiba Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Uniwill OEM Laptop Schematic
Wistron OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams
BONUS PAGE:
1) Power On Sequence File
2) Bypass Discrete Graphic Chip and change to UMA Graphic type
3) Laptop Motherboard Schematic Diagrams, BoardView File & Software
and the Service Manuals.
If you’re interesting on How the Laptop Motherboard Working in Signals

and Power Supply /voltage supply lines, please read the below ebook for
more details: http://www.xiufix.com/laptop-chip-level-repair/
Chapter 1
Collection of
Laptop
(Notebook )
Repair Tips
Apple Macbook Air A1369 (820-3023-A)

Laptop with Multiple Problems:
System Running Slow, No Trigger/Cannot
Power On & Screen Darkness
Today a customer bring in the Apple A1369 laptop with motherboard

/mainboard: 820-3023-A. He complaint that this laptop problem was not use
several month ago, when try to power on the laptop, unfortunately it cannot
power on. After testing this laptop, found it won’t start-up.
After dismantle the laptop, remove the small board flat cable and supply the
voltage to motherboard then try to power on the laptop. This time the
motherboard can trigger and start-up/power on. But when connected back the
small board, the motherboard back to the same problem.
At first though I picked up an easy job, unfortunately, it is the hard job. Due to
the laptop not use several months ago, so their battery is empty charge now. So
not connect their small board/flat cable aslo not charging their battery. Try to
remove the small board and power on the laptop. This laptop booting is running
very slow to go to their iOS system.
Since this laptop after connected the small board will causing not trigger/power
on, so suspect something wrong with the flat cable circuit lines. Firstly, check
their flat cable connector (J4700) each pin resistance values.
Found the J4700 pin-23 (PP3V42_G3H_ONEWIRE) point-A resistance values

is 0 ohm! That’s why the motherboard cannot power on. Check the small board
USB connector each pins ohm values, and all looking good. I’ve this small
board in my stock, so decided to replace it first. After replaced the small board,
the laptop can power on successfully with connected small board. Unfortunately,
the laptop screen has darkness problem now! Before that, this laptop screen
quite normal, but this time the screen is darkness now. Try to disconnect the
small board, but also same problem.
Check the LED panel connector pins like: EN, PWM, 5V & 3V all normal,
except the backlight voltage is just 8V only and voltage does not boost up yet.
This voltage is output from U9701 (LP8550, LED Backlight Driver IC). Check
this U9701 IC surrounding points like photo below, and all looks normal. Even
the U9701 IC feedback pin has 8V voltage there. So their feedback line not
broken and their LP8550 IC feedback pin also has 8V there. So just direct
replaced this U9701 (LP8550) IC, the laptop screen is back to normal now.
Lastly, the laptop has running slow problem haven’t solve yet. Use the mouse
click file or folder, it will need to wait long time to response. The laptop booting
to iOS system also need to take long time to successful login to the system.
Starting, think that’s the small board effect the laptop running slow. Because the
small board has ONEWIRE signal there, if not connect the small board think it
will cause the system running slow. But the small board was replaced with a
good one already, but still same problem.
Since the laptop battery is empty charge, so this time power on the laptop and
give it continue charging their battery. After a while, back to the laptop and
touch their touch pad, the laptop system feeling response faster than just now.
Try to shut down the laptop and power on again, the laptop is running fast to
reach the iOS system now! This time, the laptop battery has 10% there. So I
think that’s because of the laptop battery empty charge and cause the system
running slow! This is the first time facing this problem, and now I know the
Apple laptop when the battery charge is empty compare battery low is
difference and can cause the system running slow problem.
Apple Macbook Air A1465 (820-00164-A)

Laptop with White Screen and then Shows a
“Question Mark Folder” Logo only
A repair friend bring the Apple Macbook Air A1465 (820-00164-A) laptop to
repair. The problem for this laptop is after power on, the laptop screen appear
with white display, then change to normal display but shows a “Question Mark”
folder there like photo above.
The repair friend said he was check the laptop motheboard and didn’t see any
signs of water damage. He replaced another harddisk for this laptop also not
help. So he don’t know how to check this problem now.
After dismantle this laptop, check their motherboard and surrouding of the
laptop also can’t find any problem. Since this laptop looks like can’t detect or
runing harddisk correctly, so check the harddisk voltage supply and other
related signals, all looks normal.
From the schematic above, the harddisk connector J3700 supply voltage pins: 1,
2, 3, 4, 5 all has 3.3V, normal. Continue check their Clock pin at pin-24 and
Reset pin at pin-8 are connected to U3740 IC like photo below:
Check the U3740 working condition, pin-1 is voltage supply pin from
PP3V42_G3H, normally this line voltage is 3.42V, but after measure this line
has 2.329V only (like photo below). If the voltage supply abnormal, it will
cause the U3740 IC working abnormally too.
If the U3740 IC working abnormal, it will also causing the SSD harddisk no
SSD_CLKREQ_L clock signal, no SSD_RESET_L reset signal, both are
important signals to control the harddisk. Check the PP3V#_S0SW_SSD is
3.3V through a resistor reach to U3740 pin-2 with 1.0V.
U3740 IC pin-1 voltage supply is from PP3V42_G3H, after measure this line
voltage is just 2.3V only. Obviously, the voltage is low abnormally.
Remove this U3740 IC and found their IC pins are looks like dry joins or over
heat burnt before, like the photo above.
Some of the U3740 IC pins looks like corroded/missing after over heat burnt,
like photo above. Clean the IC solder pad and reconnect back the missing solder
pad IC pins. Replaced the new U3740 IC and make sure all their IC pins is
connected with PCB solder pads like photo below:
Again, power on the laptop motherboard and check the U3740 IC voltage
supply pin-1. Unfortunately, it is still the same as 2.21V only, like photo below:
Check the motherboard PP3V42_G3H testing point and found that it is 3.42V,
normal. Power off the motherboard, check the circuit line continuity of U3740
pin-1 to the PP3V42_G3H and found that it is broken already. That’s mean the
circuit line in between the PP3V42_G3H and U3740 IC was broken. So fly a
wire from PP3V42_G3H point to U3740 IC pin-1 like photo below:
After flying the wire from PP3V42_G3H to U3740 IC pin-1, check the U3740
IC pin-1 has 3.418V like photo below:
Make sure the solder points insulation of flying wire properly and install back
the laptop. Power on laptop and it can loging in the iOS system successfully like
photo below.
Apple Macbook Air A1465 Laptop with No

Display Problem
This Apple Macbook Air A1465 laptop complaint with No Display problem.
Apply the AC to power adapter, this laptop can auto power on/trigger and their
motherboard current loading is 0.1A (Ampere) shows on DC Regulated Power
Supply like photo below:
Check the motherboard voltage supply inductor/coil, the CPU voltage supply is
missing. Check the CPU voltage supply IC U7200 (ISL95826HRZ) pin-1
VR_ON is abnormally with 0.14V only.
Since the VR_ON start-up signal abnormal, then tracing with this signal line
first. The VR_ON signal is sent from CPU (South Bridge). To send this signal,
the CPU (South Bridge) need to received the CPU_VCCST_PWRGD power
good signal first. Refer to photo below:
The CPU_VCCST_PWRGD signal is output from U1930 (74AUP1G09) AND

Gate IC, with push-up resistor to get 1.05V (When this IC working normally,
the voltage is 1.05V). But when measure this pin, it has 0.05V only (BoardView
testing point 621). So, the U1930 IC just have two input pins with “active high”
then the output (Y, pin-4) will “active high” too. Measure the pin-6 (voltage
supply) has normal supply voltage, pin-1 (SLP_S3_L) normal, pin-2
(ALL_SYS_PWRGD) abnormal!
Trace back to the ALL_SYS_PWERGD signal line, found this line is going to
many places. This signal is from P1V8S3_PGOOD, P5VS4RS3_PGOOD,
P1V05S0_PGOOD, DDRREG_PGOOD come together (PM_SLP_S3_L push-
up resistor). That’s mean, if one of the above signal lines missing or voltage
drop will be causing the ALL_SYS_PWRGD abnormal. Before that, we have
checked the supply voltage of these signals, all normal. So it is exclude the PG
problem. Continue checking the ALL_SYS_PWRGD line, and found it is
control by the Q8150.
The Q8150 is use as protection (or use as voltage supply detection). When pins
1, 5, 7 connected voltage supply abnormal, it will cause the Q8150 inside Q1N
conducted and pull down ALL_SYS_PWRGD. So check these 3 pins (1, 5, 7),
found their pin-1 no voltage, cause the Q4 not conduct, 3.3V pull-up voltage
add to Q1 pin-G and cause it conducted/switch on and ALL_SYS_PWRGD pull
-down. It looks like the problem is pin-1 (connected PP1V5_S0) voltage supply.
Found this voltage supply is generate by U7870 Linear IC (1.5V). Check this
U7870 IC output is 0V! Check U7870 pin-6 input voltage is normal, pin-3 EN
start-up voltage normal, pin-4 BIAS 3.3V supply voltage just has 1.8V only!
Check the pin-4 external capacitor C7871 has 3.3V there. That’s mean in
between the U7870 pin-4 and external C7871 capacitor circuit line is broken.
After removed the C7871 (1uF, 6.3V), found the positive pin was corroded and
causing the line broken. Clean the solder pad and replace with a capacitor.
Finally, this Apple Macbook Air A1465 laptop problem solved. The Apple logo
is appear on the screen.
Apple Macbook Air A1466 (820-3437-B)

Laptop with Water Damage Causing Laptop
Cannot Power On Problem
This Apple Macbook Air A1466 laptop come with motherboard p/n: 820-3437-
B with won’t power on problem, but there’s more problems behind it. The
customer said that the other day in use, a whole glass of water let the child all
down on the laptop keyboard. He put the laptop upside down, dry more than a
day, after that try to power on laptop many times, but still unable to power on.
Before dismantling this laptop, can touch the water come out from laptop inside.
Below is this laptop motherboard top and bottom side:
Usually, when the laptop problem is cause by water damage, first thing needs to
do is to check all their voltage supply inductor/coil to ground resistance values.
Also make sure the CPU resistance values is in normal condition or not. If
everything ok, starting to clean the water damage section. Clean the whole
board (top and bottom side) totally dry. Use the Oven type machine or BGA
station, or you can use the hair dryer to double confirm it was in dry condition.
The above photo is laptop motherboard SMC section (System Management

Controller) with water damage.
Note:
The SMC has roles in controlling thermal and power management, battery
charging, video mode switching, sleep and wake, hibernation, and LED
indicators. It also enables enforcement of the macOS End User License,
allowing it to identify when it is running on non-Apple hardware.
Normally, when the laptop problem is water damage, it will cause some
components shorted/burnt or/and the circuit line/s broken. So, we need to check
it carefully with the magnifying glass for thin circuit lines. If component/s
shorted need to replace or the circuit line/s broken need to reconnect back.
For this laptop motherboard, found that PP3V42_G3H voltage supply line to
U5000 (SMC IC, LM4FS1BH. But the schematic show this IC is
LM4FSXAH5BB) is broken, and the L5001 inductor/coil solder pins looks like
corroded. After cleaning the coil contact pins, connected back the circuit line
and L5001 (this step forgot to take picture). Try to power on the laptop, it can
successfully start-up and loading through the Windows starting logo as photo
below:
Is that easy to solve this laptop problem? The answer is ‘NO’. When the laptop
shows the Window logging logo about 10 seconds, the laptop is automatically
shutdown! Firstly, I think forget to screw back their motherboard properly cause
this problem. So screw back all the screws and installed back all the things.
Power on the laptop again, the laptop still reached the Windows logo there then
shutdown.
While the laptop needs to process logging to Windows, all keyboard button and
touch pad no function and then power shutdown. Try several times also same
problem.
So dismantle the external part/board one by one to isolate the problem. After
remove the sound card small board, the laptop can successfully logon to the
Windows system now. The keyboard and touch pad can work normally. Try to
connect back the sound card small board and connect the external USB
keyboard, this laptop also returns to the same problem and then shutdown. But
the difference is external USB keyboard can be use before it shutdown (can
access the BIOS, but after ENTER to process logging to Windows, the laptop
also shutdown).
Check the sound card small board found it was water damage. Clean and dry the
board and their cable (and connector) properly. Connect it back and power on
again, but still same problem. Use another good sound card small board to
replace it still same problem. Try to check from the sound card cable connector
(J9500), since when disconnect it, the laptop cannot login/access to Windows
system.
Found their SYS_ONEWIRE signal line abnormal, just has 0.381V (sometimes
is 0.55V). This signal line is to go to SMC IC U5000.
Since the sound card small board has replaced a good one still same problem.
So suspect that the SMC IC is the culprit. Buy the SMC IC LM4FS1BH (with
firmware inside) from seller (before that, the seller needs to sell me the
equivalent SMC IC, but I still need to original part number IC).
After replaced the IC U5000, power on the laptop, this laptop can successfully
logon to Windows system now with the sound card small board connected.
Again, check the SYS_ONEWIRE (J9500 pin-19) signal line has 3.42V now.
Apple MacBook Air A1466 (820-3437-B)

Laptop is Unsuccessful Repair from the other
Repair Shop
Today a customer brings in an Apple Macbook Air A1466 (820-3437-B) laptop

to shop. He complaint this laptop is repair by other repair shop, but they can’t
solve the problem. Since this laptop is repaired by another repairer before, so
dismantle the laptop to check their motherboard status first. The motherboard is
like photo below:
This laptop is water damage in the U5000 SMC IC (or called it as EC chip) like
photo above. But the previous repairer just cleans the board and cause some
components missing. Compare with another same part number junk laptop
motherboard, it is missing 1 inductor/coil and 2 capacitors. Like the photos
below:
The missing coil is L5001 and their 2 pins contact point is missing too.
Capacitor pin-1 is there, so connect it to L5001 pin-1 (refer to the BoardView
diagram). Power on the laptop motherboard with DC Regulated Power Supply
and it shows the current is 0.006A only and found the standby condition (refer
to Power on Sequence) their SMC_BC_ACOK no voltage. This line resistance
to ground is very low. Remove the EC, U5000 IC, found the water damage
signs. Check again the SMC_BC_ACOK voltage is back to normal 3.4V now.
But the L5001 connect to the U5000 pin-42 point is broken, no voltage there.
Fly a wire from L5001 to EC point/pin-42 as photo below:
Apply some insulation green oil (aka UV-curable solder-resistant green oil) for
the solder point and wire like photo below:
Reballing the old EC chip and solder it back to U5000. Power on the laptop, the
DC Regulated Power Supply shows the current is running in 0.6A-0.8A-0.7A,
finally stuck in 0.7A. Suspect the old EC chip abnormal after water damage.
After replacing with a new working EC chip, still the same problem. Use the
finger touch the ICs temperature and found 1 of the 4 DDR RAM temperatures
is abnormal than the other 3. These are the 4 x DDR3 RAM(U2300, U2400,
U2500, U2600), found the U2600 chip temperature is abnormal. Replaced this
DDR3 chip as photo below:
Again, power on the laptop and the problem solved as photo below:
Apple MacBook Air A1466 Laptop Cannot

Wake Up on Standby Mode
The Apple Macbook Air A1466 laptop with symptom cannot wake up on
standby mode. But sometimes it can wake up normally. Power on this laptop
and found that keyboard has LED light lit only and the screen is no display (not
darkness problem). Normally, this type of laptop symptom is cause by voltage
unstable, signals unstable or the chip defective (check their resistance values).
The voltages and signals problem can check by their own testing points. For the
chip problem, besides to check their pins resistance values, we just can replace
it with a working or new one.
Use multimeter to check the motherboard and found that their Standby voltage
abnormally. But this laptop standby voltage is just having 2.95V only. Use the
finger touch with S5_3V3 & 5V chip (U7501, TPS51980A) and feeling normal,
no overheat. Normally, the 3.3V standby voltage need to above 3.1V is normal,
if lower than 3.1V it will be causing the laptop problem.
Check the U7501 3V3 feedback pin-16 (VFB2), their pull-up resistor is 23.2K
ohm, pull-down resistor is 10K ohm, so the point (pin-16) normal voltage is
about 0.931V (from the calculation below) . But when use multimeter check the
pin-16 voltage is 1.09V!
Actually, quite hard to measure these two smd resistor, so we just try to direct
replace it. These two smd resistor is very small size, same as the smartphone
type SMD resistor. So take a 10K ohm SMD resistor from junk smartphone
PCB board and direct replaced it.
Check the motherboard 3V3 Standby voltage is back to 3.28V now, like photo
below:
This Apple Macbook Aire A1466 laptop problem fix!
Apple MacBook Air A1466 (820-00165-A)

Laptop Cannot Power On in Battery Mode.
When Use AC Mode to Power On the Laptop,
Their Fan is Spinning Non-stop in Maximum
Speed
Another Apple Macbook Air A1466 (820-00165-A) came in with two problem.
One is cannot power on laptop in battery mode. Another problem is, removed
their battery and apply AC to power adapter, the laptop can power on and logon
to system, but the laptop fan spinning non-stop in maximum speed.
For the laptop battery mode cannot power on, the solution is:
1) The battery is bad/failure.

2) Battery identify circuit or the BUS abnormal.
3) BIOS or SMC/EC chip abnormal.
For the laptop fan spinning abnormally problem, the solution is:
1) Setting problem
2) BIOS or SMC/EC abnormal.
3) Temperature control circuit abnormal.
Check the battery connector J6950 pin PPVBAT_G3H_CONN has 8.4V,

SMBUS_SMC_5_G3_SCL & SMBUS_SMC_5_G3_SDA has 3.3V;
SYS_DETECT_L has 0.2V. All voltages and resistance values are normal.
Even replaced a good laptop battery for this laptop, but still the same problem.
Dismantle the laptop motherboard and check any water damage signs or not.
Nothing water damage signs on the motherboard and touch pad cable connector
also looks normal. Check the EC voltage supply, clock and reset all are normal.
Press the laptop power on button and check the SMC_ONOFF_L also has 3.3V
=> 0.4V => 3.3V changes to EC.
But the EC (U5000) output to CPU signal PM_PWRBTN_L is always 0V,

nothing changes there.
This PM_PWRBTN_L signal 3.3V is pull-ups by the PP3V3_S5 supply voltage

line. When laptop use the battery mode, PP3V3_S5 when in standby mode is
not available yet. When press the power on button, EC chip output the
SMC_PM_G2_EN to U7501 (TPS51980) for switch on the PP3V3_S5 line.
When press power on button the SMC_PM_G2_EN signal line is 0V, is EC

chip (U5000, SMC) broken? So use the universal programmer to write a good
firmware for this laptop EC. But still no trigger and same problem.
Since this laptop can use the AC power adapter to power on the laptop, EC chip
doesn’t have any water damage signs, so temporary not to replace the EC chip
and try to check with difference way.
This laptop when use the AC power adapter to power on, it can logon to the
system and shutdown the laptop normally. When use the power on button to
shutdown the laptop, it will auto restart/reboot the laptop. If still press and hold
the power on button, the laptop is continuing to restart/reboot with “DANG”
sound from laptop.
Check their J4800 connector pin-18 SMC_LSOC_RST_L signal is 0V

(normally this signal line is 3.3V).
Check the schematic diagram and found this signal line is go to U5110. When
this signal line and SMC_ONOFF_L are “active low” at the same time, it will
reset the EC chip and cause the system restart/reboot.
Check the U5110 section (touch pad board), found that the touch pad small
board has slightly moldy by water (there was no careful examination of the
touch pad just now, which led to a detour to repair the laptop). After clean,
solder the contact points and dry the touch pad small board, the
SMC_LSOC_RST_L is back to normal 3.3V now. The laptop can use the
battery mode to power on & shutdown.
But the laptop still has the fan spinning maximum speed problem. When power
on laptop press the ‘D’ button on keyboard, it will login to “Apple Diagnostic”
page. At here we get an error code for this laptop is: PFM006 (System
Management Controller SMC abnormal) or PPN001 (Power Supply
Management maybe abnormal), please refer to the photo below:
Open the “Face Time” to testing the camera, but unable to open it and come
with an attention message “temperature high”. This type of problem usually is
motherboard temperature control circuit abnormal. Check this laptop schematic
diagram and found that it is use 5 sets of temperature detection I2C BUS
(Control by SMC) and two temperature control chips U5800 & U5810.
4 of 5 sets temperature detection I2C BUS are normal, but

SMBUS_SMC_2_S3_SCL just has 2.65V (normal is 3.3V) only. The resistance
to ground values for SMBUS_SMC_2_S3_SDA is 709 ohm, but the
SMBUS_SMC_2_S3_SCL is 727 ohm. It is higher than the SDA line.
Check by tracing the SCL line and found the pull-up resistor R5371 resistance
values change from 1K ohm to 750K ohm! Below is the BoardView diagram
for position of R5371.
Direct replaced the R5371 (1K ohm) , power on the laptop motherboard and the
SMBUS_SMC_2_S3_SCL signal line is back to normal 3.34V now.
Power on the laptop, the fan spinning speed is back to normal and their camera
can open and play without any problem now. This laptop also can use the
battery mode to power on the laptop and battery charging normal.
Apple Macbook Pro A1706 (820-00239-A)

Laptop Cannot Power On
Today received an Apple Macbook Pro A1706 laptop complaint with won’t
power on problem. When apply the AC power adapter to this laptop, it has
appeared the charging current on DC Regulated Power Supply. When press the
power on button, laptop is not response at all.
Dismantle this laptop and check their motherboard, no water damage signs, and
it’s not repair by other repairer yet. Unscrew the battery from laptop and apply
the AC power adapter to laptop, suddenly the laptop can automatically power
on! Is it the power on button problem cause cannot power on? Power off the
laptop and then power on it again by button, everything is ok now. Try to
connect back the battery and laptop can on and off normally. Testing a while for
this laptop, everything looks normal.
So, install back the laptop cover and power on the laptop, surprisingly the it is
back to won’t power on symptom! Finally, after several tests to this laptop, find
the laptop regularity is, when open rear cover and disconnect battery, after that
connect it back, this laptop can be power on and off normally. But when closed
the screen cover once times, it cannot power on again! (this latest model laptop
has a feature when this laptop screen cover closed, it will change to sleep mode.
When open the screen cover, it will automatically open).
With this info we got, so roughly know what’s the problem now. It should be
their sleep mode problem. Dismantle the laptop again, found the board have two
sleep switches (it called as Hall Effect Pads or Hall Sensor), one is on the left
(J5250) and another one is on the right side (J5260) same as the photos below:
After checking the sleep switches, both has 3.4V there. Continue to trace both
lines to U5255 through R5251 & R5261. Measure the R5251 pin-1 has 0.5V,
R5261 pin-1 has 3.4V. Obviously, the R5251 voltage is abnormal. Check the
resistance values in between R5251 circuit line to J5250 and found circuit line
was broken. If need to fly a wire from R5251 to J5250, their distance is too far.
So I decided to modify their circuit, where the R5251 & R5261 both pin-1
shorted together. After modifying, power on the laptop and it is working
perfectly now.
Apple Macbook Pro A1706 Laptop Cannot

Power On due to Water/Milk Tea Damage
Problem
A customer brings in an Apple Macbook Pro A1706 laptop with complaint

cannot power on. He told me that when using the laptop, he accidentally
sprinkles milk tea on top of the laptop keyboard and cause the laptop won’t
power on now. Since the laptop haven’t over their warranty period, so he sent
this laptop to Apple ASC shop. But the Apple ASC shop does not accept the
warranty due to the problem is a personal fault. If need to replace the
motherboard, it will charge him over $600 USD. So, he brings the laptop here
for repair. After dismantling this laptop and found their motherboard, fan,
heatsink has the milk tea damage signs there.
After take out the motherboard, the bottom side of motherboard, there’s a
section where corrosion is severe. Please refer to the photo below:
After clean and dry the corrosion section, found a resistor is missing. Open the
BoardView diagram for this laptop and find this resistor is R7101 (10 ohm) and
it is connected to U7100 voltage supply pin-41 VIN.
Replaced the R7101 (10 ohm) and find their pin to U7100 pin-41 is broken. So
fly a wire from R7101 to U7100 pin-41. Also use the UV insulation green oil to
protect the solder points. Before power on the laptop, make sure all the water
damage sections are clean and dry totally. Finally, this laptop is just use a SMD
resistor and a wire to solved the problem!
Apple iMac A1418 (820-00430-A) Computer

Cannot Power On Problem
Today came in an Apple 21 inches iMac A1418 (820-00430-A) computer. This
computer problem is cannot power on. Since this model of computer their
schematic diagram and boardview is not available, so it will use our experience
to repair it.
Fortunately, find this 820-00430-A boardview same as the 820-4668-A, so we

can use this boardview as a reference.
Apply the AC power to this computer and check their motherboard power
supply connector J6900, pin-4, 5 & 6 has 12V normal supply voltage.
The motherboard EC chip voltage supply PP3V42_G3H has normal 3.4V

voltage.
Test L7610 PP3V3_S5 has abnormal 0V there.
The Q7610 pin-2 is 9V abnormal, it should be 12V. Continue to test their

voltage supply lines.
The PP3V3_S5 voltage supply line is enable. U7600 pin-12

PM_EN_REG_P3V3_S5 has abnormal 0V, so check their source now.
The U6970 pin-1 & pin-5 has 12V, pin-2 has 3.3V all normal. But pin-8 is 0V
abnormal. The pin-6 & pin-7 both is 9V abnormal (just now the Q7610 pin-2
voltage is from here) it should be 12V. Obviously the U6970 IC (SLG5AP036)
is abnormal. But my part stock just has SLG5AP026. Compare their pins
description is the same and both IC the specification is nearest. So decided to
use it as equivalent to the SLG5AP036.
After replaced the U6970 (SLG5AP036) the voltage supply lines PP12V_S5 has
12V, and the PP3V3_S5 has 3.3V now. Power on the iMac A1418 and it is
successfully power on and booting to the Windows system now.
Apple iMac A1311 (K60) Computer No Power,

their Mainboard was Burnt
A repair friend sent an Apple 21’ iMac A1311 (K60) computer to repair. The
computer problem is no power or cannot power on. He said the power supply
board is burnt quite serious.
Dismantle this computer and found their power supply board is burnt like the
photo below:
This power supply board find an SMD FET burnt, several SMD resistor also
burnt till can’t see their part number. The power MOSFET also shorted. So, it is
impossible to repair it.
The A1311 power supply has two voltage supply. One is standby 12V S5 5A.
Another one is 12V S0 17.1A. Decided to buy a new or used A1311 power
supply board. But this power supply board price is too expensive to use. Try to
find a cheaper price than this, similar appearance and parameter power supply
to modify it.
Find the A1224 power supply board, their appearance and parameters are
similar like A1311 power supply. But the A1224 power supply 12V output is
short about 2A. So, it’s not a big problem can use it. After received this A1224
power supply board, the size a bit difference than A1311, but still can put inside
the A1311 iMac.
Follow by the schematic diagram, the A1224 power supply connector pins have
12V S5, 12VS0, PS_ON, Temperature detect. The original A1311 power supply
connector have many pins compare to A1224 power supply. So some of the pins
are not use in the A1224 power supply. Below is the A1311 powers supply
connector pins:
Below is the A1224 power supply connector pins:
The wiring is using A1224 power supply connection not the A1311. So just
connect the 12V S5, 12V S0, GND, SDA, SCL, the temperature detect pin is
not use.
Remove the A1311 power supply connector like below:
Use the old A1311 power supply connector connect to A1224 power supply
with the proper pin connection. This is very important that each pin must
connected to the correct connector pin, if not it cause the computer not working
or burn the computer motherboard! After all the cable connection connected to
the A1311 power connector like photo below, before power on the computer,
you must double check their pins, especially the 12V S5 & S0:
Install the A1224 power supply into the computer like photo below:
Make sure the power supply board insulation is good to prevent any short
circuit occur.
After everything is okay, power on the A1311 iMac computer and it is working
perfectly.
Apple iPad Air-2 After Re-programme It, the

iPad Cannot Activate now
An Apple iPad Air 2 complaint suddenly changed to “Recovery Mode”, after

re-programmed, upgrade firmware or root the iPad system, the iPad cannot
activate now.
This Apple iPad Air 2 is a WIFI version iPad. Before activating it, the iPad can
connect to WIFI. First, isolate the WIFI problem and what reason it can’t
activate. Ask the customer about this iPad history, he said he bought this iPad as
used unit. This iPad haven’t upgrade their system before. So, it can determine
that this iPad was jail break before. Last time the iPad just need their serial
number to jail break. But after Apple release the version 11.3 system, it needs
the Bluetooth and WIFI code match with the serial number then it can be
activated.
Since we know this iPad Air 2 is the jail break problem causing it cannot
activate, so we need to re-write the Bluetooth WIFI code to match the serial
number. Starting to dismantle the iPad Air 2 now.
After removed the iPad motherboard, one more thing you need to attention.
When remove the battery screw, you need to do an insulation for safety purpose.
Yes, this iPad was jail break before. That’s why I can easily to take out or
dismantle everything in iPad.
The Apple iPad Air 2 is using the 64-bit harddisk. Use the programmer adapter
like photo below to write the serial number and Bluetooth WIFI code.
After finish write the 64-bit harddisk with programmer adapter, the harddisk
need to do the reballing first before it can solder (rework station with hot air gun
or BGA machine) back to the motherboard.
Finally, solder back the harddisk to motherboard, and motherboard put it back
to iPad. Power on the Apple iPad Air 2, it can boot to the system now. Apple
iPad Air-2 cannot activate problem solved.
Hasee K610D-i7 D2 QTS502 (Quanta:

DAOTWS) Gaming Laptop Cannot Power On
Problem
This Hasee K610D (Quanta: DAOTWS) gaming laptop came in with won’t
power on problem. Actually the laptop problem is trigger, after that shutdown.
The laptop motherboard is OEM by Quanta with part number DA0TWS and use
HM87 chipset like photo below:
Connect the laptop motherboard to DC Regulated Power Supply, the Standby

Mode current has 0.01A. After trigger or power on, it increases to 0.062A after
that power shutdown:
From the process above, power on then shutdown, it has many supply voltages
haven’t come out yet. This type of problem needs to use the “Power On
Sequence” to tracing where or which part of the motherboard causing the laptop
shutdown. So follow the “Power On Sequence” steps to check each voltage
supply lines to find out the culprit. Finally, use the Oscilloscope find the Bridge
1.05V voltage supply line over voltage protection, it is over 2V ++ then
motherboard shutdown.
From the schematic below, this Bridge 1.05V voltage supply is generate and
control by PU11 like photo below:
Usually, the reason for over voltage protection is because of:
1) Capacitor leakage or shorted.

2) The feedback circuit abnormal.
3) TON frequency setting abnormal.
4) PWM IC abnormal.
From the above reason, first check the secondary side capacitor. Find the PL23
inductor/coil have several capacitors there, position of PC199 big capacitor is
not installed. For isolate the problem, solder a capacitor to this location try to
test is it the capacitor filter problem causing it over voltage. But the result is still
same problem.
Since added a capacitor still cannot solved the problem, continue to check
second step. When check to the TON frequency setting pin, find the TON
frequency setting resistor PR174 is missing. When refer to the schematic
diagram, this resistor must need to install on the board. Use a 100K ohm resistor
solder on the PR174 location like photo below:
After install the PR174 resistor, power on the laptop and use Oscilloscope to
check the 1.05V line. This time the 1.05V line is back to normal now.
Installed back all the parts and power on laptop, the current show as 1.473A
now. The laptop won’t power on and shutdown problem fix.
Hasee K670D Gaming Laptop Cannot Power

On and No Display Problem
Received a Hasee K670D gaming laptop with complaint laptop cannot power
on problem. Since this laptop motherboard schematic diagram is not available,
so repair this laptop is using the previous experience to fix it. But will try to use
another nearest or similar schematic diagram to explain this repair article.
After dismantling the laptop, check their Common Point voltage compare with
my DC Regulated Power Supply (DCRPS) voltage, it has a small difference
there. My DCRPS voltage is 20V, the Common Point voltage is 19.5V
difference 0.5V. But with this small difference voltage I know that the laptop
motherboard Protective Isolation is not pass through. Even the Common Point
has 19.5V there, but it just a small current/ampere of 19.5V only. It cannot
support the whole laptop to running. Please refer to the similar schematic
diagram Clevo 6-71-W65K0-D01_W650KJ1 as below:
The Hasee K670D laptop motherboard schematic is same as the above

schematic diagram. The AC power adapter input, VIN has 20V is normal,
Common Point 19.5V can called it as ‘normal’.
When check to the PQ8 & PQ33, found their pin-G control pin has about 19.5V!
It is abnormal voltage there, normally it will switch on with “active low”, low
voltage.
Try to shorted the PQ4 their pin-D & pin-S, Common Point is pass through now,
but still no trigger. It still no help, so removed the shorted pin D & S of PQ4.
Why the Protective Isolation chip no voltage supply there? When refer to the
schematic above, suddenly remember previously repair a Hasee laptop with
battery not charging problem, their Charging IC also no supply voltage there,
modify the circuit with remove PQ106 and install the PQ483. The Charging IC
has supply voltage now. This is the second solution of this motherboard.
So follow the solution above, remove PQ106 and install the PQ483, also install
the PR77 on the motherboard.
After modifying the circuit diagram, it is pass through the Protective

Isolation/Isolation Point. But still no trigger or can’t power on. The standby
3.3V is appear but still no trigger. Since pass through the Isolation Point, but no
trigger, it should be the EC chip or their firmware abnormal. So, try the easy
step first, is to programmed/root their EC chip firmware with universal
programmer. Try to power on the laptop, but still the same problem no trigger.
So, try to recover back the modify components as original. Surprisingly, the
Isolation Point is still pass through. If programmed back the original firmware
to EC, the Isolation Point failed to pass through now. Even the Isolation Point
failed to pass through, but the standby 3.3V is available there.
With the above schematic diagram, I know why Isolation Point pass through
failed still has 3.3V standby. That’s mean the EC is already has voltage supply,
but not send out the signal and cause the Protective Isolation chip no supply
voltage. So, suspect the EC chip is abnormal.
Go to order a new EC chip with firmware inside. After replaced the new EC
chip to motherboard, this laptop is back to normal now!
Is the Laptop CPU Processor Can Be Upgraded?

If Yes, then How?
The latest model of laptop CPU like i3, i5, or i7 can be upgrade or not? If the
oldest model laptop if their CPU processor is a socket type, then it can be
replaced. But if the latest type CPU processor, they are using the BGA type
package not a socket type. That’s why lots of the computer shop technician said
the latest model of laptop CPU cannot replaceable or upgraded.
Actually, if you know how to upgrade CPU and how to do the BGA chip with
BGA machine, it can be upgraded.
Today a repair friend brings in an Acer EK-571 (Compal LA-B991P) laptop. He

suspects that the CPU processor is bad and need to replace or upgrade it. This
laptop CPU is an i5 5th generation Single Core (i5 5200U) processor. After
check the motherboard power on sequence, resistance values, trigger checking
and finally confirm that is the CPU broken. The stock has the i5 4th generation
Duo Core CPU and it is compatible to replace i5 5th CPU. The customer agree
to replaced it.
Use the BGA machine to remove the broken i5 5th CPU like photo below:
Follow the BGA chip de-soldering and soldering method/process to replace the
new i5 CPU processor.
After finishing the BGA chip process (de-soldering and soldering), new i5 CPU
processor was solder on the motherboard as photo below. Again, check the
motherboard resistance values of the new CPU and their power on sequence.
When everything is okay, one more thing needs to do is root/modify their BIOS
ME Region. If not, the motherboard cannot power on or booting with a new
Bridge. Remove the BIOS chip and modify their ME firmware.
Finally, this Acer laptop motherboard has replaced a new i5 Duo Core CPU
processor.
Lenovo G40-70M Laptop Cannot Power On

Problem
This Lenovo G40-70M laptop is using the LCFC NM-A273_ACLUA

DISCRETE GFX motherboard. The customer complaint this laptop cannot
power on problem.
When this laptop in standby mode, the DC Regulated Power Supply shows
current is about 0.011A~0.024A. After press the power on button, no response
from motherboard.
Normally, this type of laptop problem follows to use laptop no trigger symptom
to troubleshoot it. First check the EC working condition, it looks like normal.
After press power on button, the EC send the PWRBTN# voltage to CPU. But
found the PWRBTN# signal voltage abnormal, it just has about 1V voltage only,
usually is 3.3V. If the PWRBTN# signal abnormal, it is because the CPU or EC
chip failure. Since replace the EC chip is easy than CPU processor, so decided
to replace the EC chip first.
The EC chip part number is IT8586E and inside has firmware. Find a new
empty EC chip and write a correct version firmware to this chip. After replaced
the EC chip on the motherboard, this laptop remains the same problem. That’s
mean, it is the CPU processor problem. Check the CPU standby condition and
everything is okay. When check the USB BUS line to ground resistance values
and found the USB BUS line is shorted to ground like photo below. So confirm
it is the laptop CPU processor “dead” .
Put the laptop motherboard to BGA machine and removed the CPU. This CPU
is using the black glue in it, if you’re not familiar with BGA operation it will
hurt the motherboard CPU contact points and their paint. After removed the
CPU from motherboard, it will look like photo below:
Continue to clean all the CPU dirty solder on the motherboard. Find a new CPU
to replace the bad CPU. But the new CPU is using the unleaded tin balls, and it
will hard to do the soldering process on motherboard. I’m used to dragging the
unleaded tin balls off them and reballing the leaded tin balls on the CPU like
photo below:
Below photo is finished reballing CPU and after cleaning CPU contacts on
motherboard.
This time can solder back the BGA CPU into motherboard. Before that, apply
some flux on the motherboard CPU contact points. Everything is ready, then put
the motherboard with CPU on the BGA machine now. After finish BGA
process, check the CPU and motherboard condition is okay or not. Make sure it
is not bending, deform or change color, like photo below:
After replaced a new CPU on motherboard, check the USB BUS line resistance
to ground and found their values is back to normal now, like photo below:
Connect back all the board and screen, power on the laptop motherboard with
using the DC Regulated Power Supply. When the power supply input to
motherboard, it will automatically power on, the current is reached on 0.5A and
stop there, the screen no display. It is normal, because after replaced new CPU,
still need to write/root/programmed the BIOS chip with correct firmware/dump.
Use the universal programmer to read the BIOS chip and then modify their ME
region and programmed back to BIOS chip. After finish programmed BIOS
process, power on the laptop, unfortunately it is still no display. The DC
Regulated Power Supply shows their current is low than just now. Go to website
to download and try several BIOS firmware. Finally, found one BIOS firmware
is suitable to this motherboard, the laptop can power on and display perfectly
now.
After successfully power on the laptop and logon to the Windows. Check and
testing all their functions in Windows, finally the laptop is running perfectly.
Lenovo G470 (LA-6751P) Laptop with No

Sound Problem
Another Lenovo G470 (Compal LA-6751P) laptop brings in by customer to

repair. The customer said this laptop problem is no sound and he had tried to
repair this laptop on other computer shop but no help.
Check this laptop and found the sound card driver haven’t install yet. Try to
several times to install it, but not success. Finally, the laptop cannot detect the
sound card now.
After dismantling the laptop, found the sound card IC (U30) was soldered by
someone before. So, decided to replace a new sound card IC to it. When ready
to put a new sound card IC on the motherboard, suddenly saw a mistake doing
by previous repair shop. They are putting wrong position of the two SMD
capacitors on motherboard as photo below:
After replaced a new sound card IC and removed two SMD capacitors to the
right place. I think is this easy to solve this laptop no sound problem. The
answer is NO. The laptop windows still can’t detect the sound card. So open the
laptop LA-6751P schematic diagram to analysis what we can check and test
now.
Check the sound card IC all supply voltage is normal. The U30 IC output linear
3.3V voltage also normal. When check the U30 reset pin, it is 0V only, no
voltage! Normally, this Reset pin has 3.3V there. Check where this Reset
voltage come from.
From the schematic above, the Reset line has one pull-up resistor, but it is not
installed on the circuit. So continue to tracing this Reset signal line. From the
schematic diagram, found this Reset signal line will go through a resistor R118
(33 ohm) and reached the South Bridge chip. From the previous experience, the
G470 South Bridge has many problems before. But before that, need to measure
the R118 first. Cannot use the eye to tracing circuit line to find the R118, so
open the BoardView file to find this R118 location, like photo below:
This R118 is near by the keyboard connector. Measure the R118 resistor has
correct ohm values, 33 ohms. After that, check the connection from sound card
IC pin-2 (Reset signal pin) to R118, surprisingly it is broken! Compare to other
good G470 motherboard (LA-6751P), the pin-2 reset line is connected to R118.
So confirm the line in between sound card IC pin-2 to R118 is broken.
When look closely at the R118 and its surrounded components, found next of
the keyboard connector there has little corrosion. This corrosion place is very
small until you can’t find it, if you’re not look closely to it.
After cleaning the corrosion area, found a circuit line was broken and this line is
going to R118! Need to use the magnifier to see this broken line.
Fly a wire to connected back the broken line like photo below:
One more thing, the BoardView file diagram and actual location of R118 has a
bit difference but doesn’t matter the R118 is nearby there.
After fly a wire to connect the sound card IC pin-2 line to R118, power on the
laptop and Windows detected the sound card now and ask for install the driver.
But cannot use the compatible sound card driver it shows install failed. So,
directly download from the sound card IC website and successful install the
sound card now. A sweet song can hear from this laptop speaker, no sound
problem solved.
Lenovo G470 Laptop Cannot Charge Battery

and in Battery Mode Laptop Won’t Power On
Problems
The customer complaint his Lenovo G470 laptop cannot charge battery problem.
But the system can detect the battery inside laptop. Check the charging IC
ISL6251 DCIN and the chip output voltage has linear 6V voltage normal.
Usually, the charging IC ISL6251 is a common fault. So, direct replaced it and
install back the battery and found the battery can start charging now.
Refer to the DC Regulated Power Supply, it shows the current is 0.15A now.
That’s mean the battery is charging. I think it’s an easy job to solve this type of
problem. After install back all the laptop cover and leave it to continue charge
the battery. Customer came back to see his laptop repair status, and his laptop
battery is reached about 90% charge now.
Power off the AC to this laptop, the battery can continue supply voltage to the
laptop. After shutdown the laptop and power on it again with battery mode, the
laptop won’t power on, no trigger! When apply back the AC power adapter to
laptop, it can power on now. The laptop has another problem and need to check
again. So, ask the customer to leave the laptop in the shop to continue repair.
Regarding this laptop problem:
1) AC power adapter can power on the laptop. But use the battery mode
cannot trigger the laptop. Normally, it will suspect the battery itself, but
customer has been replaced a new battery before. Also, the battery can
normal charging now.
2) Is it the battery Protective Isolation circuit or Isolation point cannot pass

through and cause the battery voltage can’t go to the motherboard? But
the laptop can use battery to running laptop while the AC power off at
that time. If laptop power of this time and need to power on again with
battery, this time laptop can’t power on. Check the Common Point and it
has 11V there. So that’s not the Common Point problem.
3) Lastly, it could be the battery power on sequence or condition abnormal
and cause the problem.
The Lenovo G470 laptop battery power on sequence is:
 When battery voltage pass through the Protective Isolation circuit, it

generates the Common Point voltage. But haven’t generate the standby
+3V_ALW yet, it needs to generate the VS voltage first. For the AC
mode, when adapter plug in the laptop, the VS voltage automatically
generates. For battery mode, need to press power on button. When press
the power on button, at the same time it will generate the 51_ON# to low
voltage “Active Low” and then generate the battery VS voltage. VS
control to enable +3V_ALW to EC supply the standby. When EC
recognizes it is the battery mode, it will send out the EC_ON “Active
High” signal to control the +3V_ALW to continue supply standby
voltage to motherboard, this time the laptop can be trigger and power on
now.
So, when in the battery mode, it can or not to trigger laptop will depends on the
VS voltage appear or not.
When measure the PQ101 pin-1, it has 11V there. This is the normal voltage for
PQ101 pin-1. But surprisingly it is in Battery mode, not apply any AC power
yet and I haven’t press power on button, how come it can automatically
generate? Because in the battery mode, it needs to press power on button, then
PQ101 pin-1 will output the 11V, if not it will show 0V there.
So this abnormal 11V voltage is come from where? From the circuit above, the
VS is come from VIN. Normally, if you’re repair more Compal motherboard,
you will know the VIN is connected directly to power adapter input connector.
But I haven’t supply power adapter to this motherboard, how come it can
generate the 11V there? So to verify this problem, I measured the power adapter
input connect and found it has 11V there like photo below:
What’s wrong the power adapter input connector has 11V without plug in the
power adapter? Actually, the Protective Isolation circuit MOSFET is used to
prevent the battery voltage conflict to power adapter voltage like photo below:
As the photo above, battery generate the normal B+ voltage, 11V B+ will go
through PQ302 pin-D and flow to pin-S. But the first MOSFET PQ301 inside
diode is in opposite polarity, so it will not allow the voltage flow to VIN power
adapter connector there. When measure the PQ301 & PQ302 pin-G, found it has
more than 2V there. It is abnormal voltage; it will cause to switch on the PQ301
and follow voltage to VIN. So trace the PQ301 PQ302 pin-G voltage source and
found it is come from PQ307B. Because of not plug in the power adapter, the
PACIN signal sure is in active low/low voltage and to control the PQ307B in
off condition. When measure the PQ307B and found their pin-3 and pin-4 is
shorted! After replaced the PQ307 (2N7002, 6-pins), this laptop is back to
normal now.
Lenovo G480 Laptop No Display, but

Sometimes it is normal. Randomly has Display
A Lenovo G480 (Compal: LA-7981P) laptop with complaint power on the

laptop then no display, but sometimes it can back to normal. So, the problem is
randomly having display, most of the time is no display.
When the laptop no display, check the motherboard all working condition and
find their memory or RAM reset signal missing. That’s mean the laptop power
on sequence process was stuck on RAM.
The RAM reset signal is send from CPU. So check the CPU working condition
and found that all normal. Even replace the CPU, also same problem. From the
previous experience, this model laptop has several cases that RAM module
voltage supply VDDQ abnormal will cause the system stuck in RAM too. But
this laptop motherboard VDDQ voltage supply line has normal 1.5V there.
Below is the VDDQ voltage supply circuit with MOSFET U3:
Refer to the circuit above, again test the U3 MOSFET and find their control pin-
G, Gate voltage is low about 0.5V only and it is abnormal. That’s mean the
MOSFET U3 is in switch off condition.
But the U3 pin-D and pin-S has nearly 1.5V there! Here is misleading me,
always thought VDDQ has a normal 1.5V voltage. Like photo below:
Actually, at the beginning if we can suspect the U3 pin-S why just has 1.47V
not 1.5V, then it will save the troubleshooting time. But why the MOSFET pin-
G has low voltage, their pin-D & pin-S has voltage there? When measure the
U3 MOSFET, it is in good condition. So why the pin-G voltage low, then we
need to trace this pin-G line source.
The U3 pin-G is connected to Q4 and the Q4 pin-G also in low voltage too.
Measure the Q4 and found it was shorted already, refer to the photo below:
After replaced the Q4 (2N7002), this laptop is back to normal now. But why,
sometimes it can back to normal and has display appear on the screen? This is
because the U3 MOSFET pin-S still has the voltage there, but I believe this
voltage supply is not stable to use and cause the laptop most of the time is no
display, randomly has display problem.
MECHEREV X6Ti-S (GH5KN41 REV:1.0)

Laptop is Cause by Water Damage and Won’t
Start-up Problem
Today a customer brings in a MECHREV X6Ti-S (GH5KN REV:1.0) new

laptop, he complaint laptop won’t start-up or power on after water damage. This
laptop still new, customer said just bought it 4 months ago only. Because of
water damage is no warranty claim, so he brings the laptop here.
This laptop motherboard schematic diagram and boardview file is not available.
So it will hard to repair it. This motherboard is similar with Haier laptop.
Removed the battery and use DC Regulated Power Supply to check the
motherboard, the current is 0.00A! After dismantling this laptop, the
motherboard chips quite little strange, only their EC is use the IT8528.
First, clean and dry the motherboard thoroughly. Starting to check the IT8528,
and all their working condition is normal.
When check the EC chip pin-125, found it no high low voltage changes after
press the power on button. So, try once time short to ground of pin-125, the DC
Regulated Power Supply current is increase now. Wow! Found the culprit now,
it should be the power on button or their circuit abnormal. Normally, the power
on button has 19V or 3.3V there, but this power on button is no voltage 0V. The
power on button circuit line to ground resistance values is normal, so no short
circuit on the line. It could be the power on button line broken.
Check thoroughly of whole motherboard, it looks normal. The power on button

circuit looks like the Clevo motherboard, is connect to P2808. But this
motherboard can’t find any related to it. So give up to check the motherboard
circuit, just fly the wire from power on button/switch to EC chip pin-125 there.
Finally, the laptop can power on now. Unfortunately, the laptop will randomly
shutdown problem. To settle this problem, add a pull-up resistor and connect to
3.3V supply voltage line, lastly all the problem solved!
Shinelon Destroyer-X55ti Gaming Laptop

While Playing the PUBG Game their Laptop
Motherboard is Burnt.
Received from a repair group friend private message, he asked my opinion
regarding his laptop. He said, his laptop when playing the PUBG game, he
wrong put the power supply into this laptop and cause laptop motherboard burnt!
After he explain his laptop situation, I asked him to send the laptop to repair.
When received this laptop by courier, after dismantling this laptop, the
motherboard was burnt with a big hole there, like photo below:
Omg, the motherboard burnt with a big hole there. Normally, the repairer with
this type of problem will ask the owner to replace a new motherboard. But I
want to challenge myself and try my best to solve the problem. I’ve discuss with
the lapto owner, if can’t repair it, then need to replace a new motherboard. So,
he agree with my suggestion.
Roughly check this motherboard and found not only the Protective Isolation
circuit, their Battery Charging circuit also burnt.
This laptop is i5 7th generation CPU with GTX1050Ti DIS. The motherboard is
made by Foxconn 6-31-N855N-KA2, similar to Clevo N855 motherboard. It is
hard to get the original motherboard schematic diagram, so try to use the Clevo
6-71-N85H0-D02_N855HK1 schematic diagram (AC_in Charger section) as a
reference below.
When refer to the above schematic diagram, roughly know where and what to
check now. If this laptop motherboard the battery charging IC/chip does not
install and modify their circuit, it still can trigger to power on.
First, check the battery charging circuit inductor/coil, after shorted both pins.
Removed the battery charging chip/IC.
After that lift the copper skin and scrape all the burned insulation from the
lower layer, until it doesn’t short-circuit.
After clean up all the burned and make sure no any short-circuit on the board,
then put the insulation green oil in the hole on the board. It will insulate the
board circuit and at the same time as a material for filling hole.
This time is to use the UV light to fast curing insulation green oil, like photo
below:
After curing the insulation green oil will looks like this:
Second step is to check the Protective Isolation circuit now. Also same to clean
and scrape all the burned insulation from the lower layer, until it doesn’t short-
circuit.
Check the Protective Isolation circuit components, if found it open circuit then
replaced it, if still normal, then resolder back. Like the photo below:
Make sure the Protective Isolation circuit components connected correctly, it is

time to put the insulation green oil on this area too. Steps is like the Charging
circuit just now.
After finished the above steps, check properly all the Battery Charging circuit
and Protective Isolation circuit. Even the Battery Charging IC does not install in
this motherboard, the laptop also can power on/trigger. When confirm both
circuits are normal, then power on the laptop now. The motherboard is trigger
on and the keyboard caps lock working now.
Third step is to re-connect back all the battery charging circuit broken lines,
especially the IC/chip contact pins. Refer to the schematic diagram, one by one
to connect all the lines and IC contact pins like photo below:
Order a new battery charging IC and put it on the motherboard now. It is very
hard to solder it back to motherboard. Since most of the pins is connected by
DIY lines/pins. Same as the photo below:
Install back all the laptop board, cover and battery. Power on the laptop, their
power LED light lit, and the battery charging LED light also lit now. After
successful booting to Windows, check the battery charging status. It shows the
battery charging running perfectly. This laptop is successful to bring back its
life now.
Normal Resistance Values of Coils/Inductor on

Laptop Motherboard without CPU & RAM
Chapter 2
Collection of
Laptop Power
On Sequence
List
What is the “Laptop Power On Sequence” in Laptop

motherboard and How to Using it?
The power on sequence is the exchange of voltages between the motherboard
Integrated Circuits (IC) that takes place before anything appears on the screen.
The power on sequence is the phase in which the motherboard prepares itself to
function. This phase consists of sending orders to different voltage generators
(LDO, DC-DC or similar circuits) from some ICs and receiving confirmations,
making sure the principle Integrated Circuits of the motherboard are functional
& etc.
The power on sequence should take place in a specific order and if one signal or
confirmation is not sent or received this phase stops there and nothing will work.
The power on sequence is used to troubleshoot laptop motherboard
problems by testing voltages, because the absence of some voltages indicates
problems with some ICs, in some schematics the power sequence is described
which makes the troubleshooting process easy (with the help of DC Regulated
Power Supply), and sometimes it is not and in this case I'll tell you how to track
the important voltages that you need.
Now I'll give you a general model of the power sequence, note that it's not
necessarily the same for every motherboard:
1) From the RTC (Real Time Clock) circuit goes a voltage PRTC_BAT to
ICH (South Bridge).
2) The voltage from Battery or AC Power Adapter VDC (19V, 20V & etc)
goes to (5V, 3.3V) voltage generators (LDO, DC-DC, or similar type
circuits).
3) The (5V, 3.3V) generator will release then 5V ALW and 3V ALW which
will go to I/O Controller, RST circuits and BIOS.
4) Then the power on button is pressed a signal goes to I/O controller (3.3V)
it goes to 0V then back to 3.3V.
5) The I/O controller sends a signal called KBC_SUSPWRON to (5V, 3.3V)
voltage generators, but this time it’s the suspend voltage regulators which
will release 3.3V_AUX and 5V_AUX, note that in some motherboard
there is only one type of 3.3V and 5V regulators.
6) The same signal (KBC_SUSPWRON) goes to memory (DDR RAM)
supply regulator which will release the RAM voltages.
7) The (5V, 3.3V) send a signal called SUSPWRGD to I/O controller, this is
the confirmation that the 3.3V_AUX and 5V_AUX have been released.
8) Then I/O controller sends a signal called KBC_RSMRST to ICH, the
presence of this signal indicated that I/O control and BIOS are OK.
9) The ICH sends two signals called SLPS3 and SLP4 to I/O controller, the
presence of this signals indicates that ICH is OK.
10) Then I/O controller release KBC_PWRON to different voltage
regulators which will release different voltages to different components
such as Harddisk then those voltage generators send confirmation
VCCP_PWRGD to the I/O controller.
11) Then I/O controller releases KBC_VRON to the CPU voltage generator
which will release the CPU voltage VCC_CORE then sends a
confirmation back to the I/O controller and ICH with a signal called
VRM_CPU_PWRGD.
12) Then the ICH sends a signal called CLK_PWRGD to the clock
generator which starts sending clock impulses to all the Integrated
Circuits in the motherboard.
13) Then I/O controller releases KBC_PWRGD to ICH and GMCH.
14) Then ICH releases a signal called PLT3_RST to GMCH, you should
test this signal to make sure all the necessary voltages have been released.
15) Finally, GMCH releases a signal called CPU1_CPURST to the CPU
and then the CPU starts, and you can see the display on the screen now.
Below photo is a representation of the power on sequence, the signals are

numbered in the order of their appearance:
How to Deal with Schematics that Don’t have the Power

On Sequence Described?
The way to deal with a schematic that doesn’t have the power on sequence
described is to define the necessary things required for the motherboard to boot,
those things are:
 The 5V and 3.3V ALW that are used to power many important ICs such
as I/O controller, so the first thing to check is the presence of those
voltages, and of course we look at those voltages from where they are
generated: the 5V and 3.3V generator.
Below is an example of a 5V and 3.3V generator of a laptop with Compal LA-

1701 motherboard: (Please download this Compal LA-1701 schematic diagram
from Bonus Page at: www.XiuFix.com)
As you can see, we should look for the IC with the reference PU 4 and test the
5V in the pin-13 and 3.3V in the pin-2.
 The next thing we should check is the signal that confirms the I/O
controller and the BIOS are ok, as we said in the above, this signal should
be sent from the I/O controller to the ICH, so even if the name isn’t the
same as KBC_RSMRST you can still look for an outgoing signal from
the I/O to the ICH, in the case of the laptop of Compal LA-1701
motherboard the signal name is: PM_RSMRST and you should test it at
the pin-3 0f the I/O controller:
 Then we need to find the signals that confirm the ICH is functional, we
know that ICH sends those signals to the I/O controller in the case of the
motherboard of Compal LA-1701 those signals hold the same name
SLP_S3 and SLP_S4:
 Now we should make sure that the memory RAM got its voltage and we
should look for a signal from the I/O controller to the RAM voltage
generator, in case of the Compal LA-1701 schematic diagram page-38
describing the RAM voltage generator, so we should look for a signal
going from I/O controller to page-38 which is SYSON pin-148 of the I/O.
(Highly recommend to use the PDF Reader “Find” function to search the
signal name you want, it can found signal location easily).
 The next step is to make sure the CPU got its voltage and we should
looks for a signal from the I/O controller to the CPU voltage generator, in
the case of the motherboard Compal LA-1701 the page describing the
CPU voltage generator is page-41 so we should look for a signal going
from I/O controller to page-41 which is VR_ON pin-155 of the I/O chip.
Then concerning the MCH there is two parts of it:
The first part is the connection with the CPU we should look for a signal
H_CPURST, we test this signal in the CPU slot after removing the CPU, in the
case of the motherboard of Compal LA-1701, this signal should be tested in
B11 point of the CPU slot:
And finally, check for DDR_CKE0 and DDR_CKE1 and DDR_SRAS# and
DDR_SCAS# in the RAM slots to make sure RAM part of the MCH is
functional.
This way you made sure all the principal ICs of the motherboard are functional
and you have the voltages necessary for the motherboard to function.
Laptop Motherboard Voltage Supply Requirement:
Intel Core i-Series CPU Generation Voltages
Intel Core-i3 Laptop Power On Sequence Diagram
Laptop Motherboard Power Sequence Rail
Laptop Motherboard Power Sequence Status

For more details on how the Laptop Motherboard Power Status change, please
do read my ebook “Laptop Chip Level Repair Guide” at:
http://www.XiuFix.com.
The Summary of Laptop Motherboard Power

On Sequence
The meaning of every stage status in laptop motherboard:
G3 : Whole system of motherboard supply voltage shutdown (Hard shutdown),

this is the voltage before press power on button PWRBTN# .
S5 : Shutdown status (Soft shutdown).
S4 : Hibernation status (standby to harddisk)
S3 : Sleep status (standby to memory DDR RAM)
S0 : Power on status
• The EC standby voltage called G3 voltage. Memory RAM supply

voltage called S3 voltage. Bridge standby voltage called S5 voltage.
Intel HM4X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process

Intel HM4X Chipset laptop booting process:
1) When no power device is re-powered (no battery or battery empty charge

and no power adapter) to laptop motherboard, VCCRTC (3V) via 3V
coin cell battery supply to Bridge RTC circuit to keep internal time
running and save CMOS information.
2) After insert AC power adapter or laptop battery, voltage go through
Protective Isolation circuit and generate Common Point.
3) Continue to generate the EC standby voltage (usually is linear voltage
EN0 open/switch on). After standby voltage normal, EC provide voltage
to crystal and generate the EC standby clock, standby voltage delay
generates the EC Reset, EC will read the program and configuring its
own pins.
4) If EC detected AC power adapter, it will automatically send signal to
open/switch on the Bridge standby voltage (VCCSUS3_3, V5REF_SUS)
and then send to South Bridge a “RSMRST#” (3.3V) signal to inform
Bridge standby voltage is normal. If EC can’t detect AC power adapter
(Battery mode), EC needs to receive a trigger on signal and then to switch
on the Bridge standby voltage. It is to save the power.
5) Press the power on button, EC received power on signal, delay send a
High_Low_High power on signal to South Bridge pin PWRBTN#.
6) When South Bridge standby voltage normal and after received the
PWRBTN# signal, in order to pull-up the SLP_S5#, SLP_S4# &
SLP_S3#.
7) SLP_S5# or SLP_S4# control to generates the DDR RAM power
supply/supply voltage & etc. SLP_S3# control to generate Bridge
power supply, I2C BUS power supply, DISCRETE power supply (same
design is SLP signal direct control or after SLP supply to EC and then EC
control).
8) EC delay send signal or other circuit convert to open or switch on the
CPU Core voltage (VCORE). At this point, the motherboard whole
voltages are fully switched on.
9) After CPU power supply is normal, the CPU power management chip
send PG signal to South Bridge pin VRMPWRGD (3.3V).
10) After CPU power supply is normal, the Clock chip switched on via
conversion circuit, generates all the clock circuits.
11) After the South Bridge received power supply, clock,

VRMPWRGD and received PWROK (3.3V) from EC or power supply
delay conversion circuit, the South Bridge will send CPUPWRGD (1.05V)
to inform CPU that the core voltage was successful switched on, and at
the same time send PLTRST# (3.3V) & PCIRST# (3.3V) signals.
12) When North Bridge received PLTRST# signal, will send
CPURST# (1.05V) signal to CPU and then CPU is starts working. CPU
start sending ADS# (soft start signal, just HM4X available) signal to start
addressing.
Intel HM4X Signals Description

VCCRTC: South Bridge real time clock circuit power supply (3V), supply to
South Bridge internal CMOS chip power supply.
RTCRST#: South Bridge RTC circuit reset signal (3V), ICH9 or above add
another reset signal called SRTCRST#.
INTVRMEN: (3V) to switch on the South Bridge internal (1.05V) standby

voltage regulator.
32.768KHZ: After South Bridge received VCCRTC and RTCRST#, crystal

working and supply 32.768KHZ frequency to South Bridge. Both side of crystal
have 0.1-0.5V.
V5REF_SUS: 5V standby voltage.
VCCSUS3_3: 3V standby voltage.
VCCSUS1_05: South Bridge generated by itself and provided as 1.05V.
RSMRST#: When South Bridge received RSMRST# signal, that’s mean the
standby voltage normal. Normally, it is from EC or I/O, 3.3V.
SUSCLK: After South Bridge received RSMRST# signal, then send the
32KHZ clock. Most of the old model laptop not using it, new model laptop is
sent to EC.
PWRBTN#: Laptop power on button, when pressed it will send 3.3V-0V-3.3V

(High-Low-High) pulse signal. South Bridge received ON/OFF signal, this
ON/Off signal go to EC and then EC send to South Bridge High-Low-High

signal.
SLP_S5#: South Bridge exit shutdown state control signal (3.3V)
SLP_S4#: South Bridge exit hibernation state control signal (3.3V)
SLP_S3#: South Bridge exit sleep state control signal (3.3V)
VDIMM: DDR RAM power supply
VCC/VCORE: Is the power supply of Bridge, I2C BUS, DISCRETE, CPU &
each S0 voltage.
VRMPWRGD: South Bridge received, that’s mean the CPU power supply is
normal (3.3V)
CLK_EN: Clock chip switched on to working, output each circuit clock.
PWROK: South Bridge received, that’s mean the Bridge, I2C BUS, power
supply normal (SLP_S3# control voltage is normal, except CPU voltage). (3.3v)
CPUPWRGDL: South Bridge send to CPU, indicates the CPU power supply
normal. (1.05V)
PLTRST#: Platform reset; the first reset signal issued by South Bridge. Laptop
motherboard MINI PCIE slot pin-22 (3.3v).
PCIRST#: PCI reset; The second reset signal send by South Bridge. Normally,
the laptop is not use it. (3.3v)
CPURST#: After North Bridge received PLTRST#, it sends CPURST# to CPU

reset (1.05V). CPU start working and send ADS# signal to start addressing.
EN0: Linear open/switch on.
Intel HM4X Power Sequence Block Diagram
Intel HM5X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process

Intel HM5X Chipset laptop booting process:

own pins.
open/switch on the Bridge standby voltage (VCCSUS3_3, V5REF_SUS)
and then send to South Bridge a “RSMRST#” (3.3V) signal to inform
Bridge standby voltage is normal. If EC can’t detect AC power adapter
(Battery mode), EC needs to receive a trigger on signal and then to switch
on the Bridge standby voltage. It is to save the power.
High_Low_High power on signal to South Bridge pin PWRBTN#.
PWRBTN# signal, in order to pull-up the SLP_S5#, SLP_S4# &
SLP_S3#, SLP_M#.
power supply, PLL (Phase Locked Loop) power supply, I2C BUS power
supply, SLP_M# control generate ME module power supply VCCME
(when it is not support AMT, this power supply will connect with I2C
BUS power supply.
8) After I2C BUS power supply normal, supply to CPU, CPU send
GFX_VR_EN to switched on DISCRETE (DIS) power supply (VAXG).
9) EC delay send signal or other circuit convert to open or switch on the
CPU Core voltage (VCORE).
10) After CPU power supply normal, CPU power management chip
send CLK_EN#, via conversion circuit switched on the clock chip and
generate each channel clocks, all send to Bridge.
11) After CPU power supply normal, CPU power management chip
send PGOOD signal to Bridge pin SYS_PWROK.
12) The EC or power supply conversion circuit generate PWROK,
MEPWROK to Bridge. (When Bridge received MEPWROK, via CS0#
to read the BIOS).
13) Bridge send the clock to each chip, slots, and at the same time
return a 33M to itself CLKIN_PCILOOPBACK.
14) Bridge send PROCPWRGD, DRAMPWROK to CPU, and delay
send the PLTRST# & PCIRST# signals.
15) PLTRST# divide voltage to generate 1.1V of CPU reset RSTIN#,
CPU start working. CPU via DMI BUS to Bridge, and Bridge to find
BIOS location. If BIOS under the EC, Bridge to EC and read BIOS via
LPC BUS. If BIOS is under the Bridge, Bridge will read the BIOS
directly via SPI BUS.
Intel HM5X Signals Description


voltage regulator.

have 0.1-0.5V.
VCCSUS3_3: 3V standby voltage.
VCCSUS1_05: South Bridge generated by itself and provided as 1.05V.
RSMRST#: When South Bridge received RSMRST# signal, that’s mean the
standby voltage normal. Normally, it is from EC or I/O, 3.3V.
SUSCLK: After South Bridge received RSMRST# signal, then send the
32KHZ clock. Most of the old model laptop not using it, new model laptop is
sent to EC.

(High-Low-High) pulse signal.
SLP_M#: Starting from ICH8, added SLP_M#, this signal is send from Bridge
to switched on the ME module as control signal. (3.3V)
If motherboard support, the AMT# switched on the AMT (Active Management

Technology) function, this signal will generate before trigger. When switch off
AMT function, this signal timing and SLP_S3# is consistency. If the
motherboard not support AMT, SLP_M# is not use (NC).
SLP_LAN#: The network card power supply control signal. If not use the Intel
UMA graphic card, this signal is not use. If use the Intel UMA +Network card,
support the network wake on LAN, this signal in standby mode will be “active
high”. If not support wake on LAN, this signal will follow the SLP_M# or
SLP_S3#.
VCCME: ME module power supply (Intel Management Engine, ME, integrated

in North Bridge chip and needs support by motherboard BIOS). Is control by
SLP_M#, (SLP_M# unconnected/not use, motherboard not support AMT),
VCCME direct use S0 status power supply, for example the BUS power supply
and VCC3_3.
VDIMM: DDR RAM power supply. Is control by SLP_S4#.
VCC: The power supply of Bridge, I2C BUS, Phase Locked Loop power
supply VCCPLL & etc of S0 power supply. Is control by SLP_S3#.
VCC_CPU: Motherboard supply to CPU core voltage. It also controls by

SLP_S3#, has a delay.
SYS_PWROK: This signal is send by CPU power management chip to the

Bridge, 3.3V active high. Same as VRMPWGD.
PWROK: Motherboard send this signal to Bridge, 3.3V, indicates S0 status

voltage normal. (Bridge and BUS power supply).
MEPWROK: ME module power supply ‘good’. 3.3V. When not support AMT,
MEPWROK & PWROK connected.
LAN_RST#: Can be understood as power supply of Network card ‘good’

signal. If the motherboard not using Intel integrated network card, this signal
must be connected to ground.
Clock Chip Outputs: The clock chip is switched on and output each channel
clocks.
PROCPWRGD: The PG (Power Good) signal is Bridge send to CPU, indicates

CPU core voltage okay. (1.1V)
DRAMPWROK: The PG signal is Bridge send to CPU, indicates CPU DDR

RAM slots power supply normal. The Bridge output, pull-up from the external
to 1.5V.
PLTRST#: The Bridge send to platform reset signal (3.3V), supply to each chip
and slots. At the same time, after conversion (normally is in series voltage
divide to 1.1V) is using as CPU reset signal.
PCIRST#: The PCI reset signal send by Bridge. Normally, it is not use. (3.3V)
Intel HM5X Power Sequence Block Diagram
Intel HM6X/HM7X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process

Intel HM6X/7X Chipset laptop booting process:

own pins.
open/switch on the Bridge “Deep Sleep” standby voltage (VCCDSW3_3),
and then EC send to Bridge a “DPWROK” signal to inform the “Deep
Sleep” standby voltage normal.
5) Bridge send SLP_SUS# signal to convert the “Deep Sleep” standby
voltage to “Light Sleep” standby voltage (VCCSUS3_3, V5REF_SUS),
from “Light Sleep” standby voltage converts and generate “RSMRST#”
to Bridge. Inform Bridge the “Light Sleep” standby voltage is normal.
Press power on button, EC received the ON/OFF signal, delay send a
High-Low-High power on motherboard signal to Bridge pin PWRBTN#.
6) When the Bridge standby voltage normal and received a PWRBTN#
signal, it will in order to pull-up SLP_S5#, SLP_S4#, SLP_S3#,
SLP_A#.
power supply, PLL (Phase Locked Loop) power supply, I2C BUS power
supply, VCCSA power supply, SLP_A# control generate ME module
power supply VCCASW (when it is not support AMT, this power supply
will connect with I2C BUS power supply.
8) After all the power supply normal, summary the results and send to
Bridge “PWROK” and “APWROK”, at the same time generate the CPU
power supply switched on signal. But still can’t generate the CPU power
supply, because it still needs a SVID.
9) When the Bridge power supply normal, 25M crystal oscillated , after
PWROK and APWROK normal, the Bridge send DRMPWROK to read
the BIOS.
10) The Bridge sends each circuits clock and return back 33M to itself
pin CLKIN_PCILOOPBACK.
11) The Bridge send the power good (PG) signal PROCPWRGD to
CPU.
12) CPU send the SVID signal to CPU power supply chip.
13) The CPU power supply chip output CPU core voltage.
14) CPU power supply chip send PG signal to convert and finally send
to Bridge pin SYS_PWROK.
15) The Bridge send PLTRST# signal voltage divide to generate the
CPU reset signal (RESET#).
16) After CPU received reset signal, via the DMI BUS to Bridge, and
then Bride via the SPI BUS read the BIOS again. Start self-testing (like
POST, power on self-test).
17) After self-test the DDR RAM, CPU send the SVID signal again to
CPU power supply chip, control output the UMA graphic power supply
(VAXG, normally is 0.45V).
Intel HM6X/HM7X Signals Description


voltage regulator.

have 0.1-0.5V.
DSWVRMEN: Use to switch on the Bridge internal 1.05V “Deep Sleep”

standby voltage regulator.
VCCDSW3_3: The Bridge “Deep Sleep” standby voltage (Deep Sleep Well)
3.3V. When not support deep sleep function, this signal is connected to
VCCSUS3_3.
DPWROK: The Bridge deep sleep standby voltage normal signal (power good,
PG) 3.3V. When not support deep sleep function, this signal is connected to
RSMRST#.
SLP_SUS#: Is the deep sleep status indicates signal and send by Bridge. This
signal is use to control the “Light Sleep” standby voltage (for example:
VCCSUS3_3) switch on of switch off. When not support “Deep Sleep”, this
SLP_SUS# signal will dangling/unconnected.
VCCSUS3_3: The Bridge light sleep standby voltage (3.3V)
RSMRST#: The Bridge light sleep standby voltage normal (power good, PG),
3.3V.
SUS_CLK: Bridge send the 32.768KHZ clock, but not necessarily adopted by
motherboard.

(High-Low-High) pulse signal.
SLP_A#: Starting from ICH8, added SLP_M#, this signal is send from Bridge
to switched on the ME module as control signal. (3.3V)
If motherboard support, the AMT# switched on the AMT (Active Management

Technology) function, this signal will generate before trigger. When switch off
AMT function, this signal timing and SLP_S3# is consistency. If the
motherboard not support AMT, SLP_M# is not use (NC, Dangling).
SLP_LAN#: The network card power supply control signal. If not use the Intel
UMA graphic card, this signal is not use. If use the Intel UMA +Network card,
support the network wake on LAN, this signal in standby mode will be “active
high”. If not support wake on LAN, this signal will follow the SLP_M# or
SLP_S3#.
VCCASW: Motherboard Sleep power supply (ME module), is control by

SLP_A#. When SLP_A# not use (NC or Dangling), (not support AMT)
VCCASW direct use the S0 state power supply. For example, the 1.05V BUS
power supply.
VDIMM: DDR RAM power supply. Is control by SLP_S4#.
VCC: The power supply of Bridge, I2C BUS, Phase Locked Loop power
supply VCCPLL & etc of S0 power supply. Is control by SLP_S3#.
PWROK: Motherboard send this signal to Bridge, 3.3V, indicates S0 status

voltage normal. (Bridge and BUS power supply).
APWROK: Motherboard Sleep power supply circuit normal (power good, PG)
signal. When support AMT, APWROK is control by AMT voltage. When not
support AMT, the APWROK and PWROK signal is connected.
25MHZ Crystal Ocs: Intel HM6X series chipset is no clock chip. The Bridge
add 25M crystal to Bridge internal clock module to provide reference frequency.
PCH Output Clocks: Bridge output each channel of clocks.
PROCPWRGD: After Bridge read the BIOS successfully will send this PG
signal to CPU. Indicates CPU non-core voltage normal.
CPU SVID: After CPU received PROCPWRGD signal, the CPU send SVIP to
CPU power supply chip (CPU SVID is from CPU send to CPU power supply
chip/IC signal. It is a standard Serial BUS consisting of DATA & CLK and is a
starting standard. This is composition of the ALERT# signal. Use to control
CPU core voltage and UMA power supply.
VCCCORE_CPU: CPU power supply chip output the CPU voltage supply.
SYS_PWROK: This signa is send to Bridge by CPU power supply chip, 3.3V
active high, indicates the CPU core voltage normal/OK.
PLTRST#: This reset signal is send by Bridge to reset the platform. After
conversion, is using as CPU reset.
Note:
EDID: Identify the Panel information.
+VADP: Power Adapter (found in Inventec motherboard).
SVC/SVD: SVID
SDA/SCL: System management BUS data and clock.
+3VAL: EC standby voltage, switch on by EN0.
VCC_POR#: EC standby reset signal.
PM@, DIS@, DGPU@, VGA@, EV@ => Indicates use by DISCRETE
GM@,UMA@, IGPU@, IV@ => Indicates use by UMA, Integrated Graphic

card.
USB@ => Indicates when support USB3.0, then install this component/s.
HDMI@: Indicates when support HDMI, then install this component/s.
Intel HM6X/HM7X Power Sequence Block Diagram
Intel HM6X/HM7X Chipset- Method on How to Find

Signal/Power Supply Lines Easily
How to find the signal line/s and power supply line/s easily? For example, you
want to find the RTCRST#, use the PDF “Find” function (inside the Edit =>
Find or press Ctrl + F to call out the “Find” function) key in the keyword and
press enter. It will highlight the signal line with this name you want. If not, then
you can click “Next” to find the correct signal line you want.
Note: From the schematic Contents found the Bridge circuit page (if the
schematic no Contents just call out the “Find” function to key in the signal line
you want. If your computer running speed is not good, recommend to find the
Bridge page, then search on this page first => FSC (short form)
G3 State:
VCCRTC: From the schematic Contents found the Bridge circuit page (if the
schematic no Contents just call out the “Find” function to key in the signal line
you want. If your computer running speed is not good, recommend to find the
Bridge page, then search on this page first), search the VCCRTC, find this
signal name on the circuit, then check where this signal go or check where this
signal came from.
RTCRST#: FSC found the Bridge, search RTCRST pin. If found it, check
their source or where this signal come from.
32.768KHZ: FSC find the Bridge, search RTCX1 pin. If found it, check where
this signal come from.
Common Point: (1) The any upper MOS pin-D is the Common Point. Check
the milli ohm resistor connected is their source. (2) Direct search charger.
EC Standby voltage: FSC to find the EC, check

VCC0/AVCC/VCCA/VSTBY name and check their source.
S5 State:
Bridge Deep Sleep 3.3V power supply: FSC to find the Bridge, search
VCCDSW3_3 pin the corresponding name and check their source.
Bridge Deep Sleep Power Good: FSC to find the Bridge, search DPWROK
pin the corresponding name and check their source.
Bridge Light Sleep 5V Standby Voltage: FSC to find the Bridge, search
V5REF_SUS pin the corresponding name and check their source.
Bridge Light Sleep 3.3V Standby Voltage: FSC to find the Bridge, search
VCCSUS3_3 pin the corresponding name and check their source.
RSMRST#: Bridge reset signal ACPI 3.3V (Standby Voltage normal/PG).

From Bridge to search RSMRST pin, find the symmetry and check their source.
Trigger State:
(1) The Bridge needs to receive PWRBTN# signal. Method to check is from
Bridge search PWRBTN, and then check the signal source come from
where.
(2) If Bridge received PWRBTN# signal, send SLP_S5#, SLP_S4#,
SLP_S3# control SUS voltage. Search Bridge SLP_S5 or SLP_S4 or
SLP_S3. If support AMT, also need to check the SLP_A# go to where.
S3-S0 State:
DDR RAM power supply: FSC DDR RAM, check VDD pin corresponding
name and check their source.
Memory VTT: FSC DDR RAM, check VTT corresponding pin name and
check their source.
Bridge power supply: FSC the Bridge, check VCC3_3, V5REF, VCCCORE
corresponding pins and check their source.
PLL Power Supply: FSC the CPU, check VCCPLL corresponding pin and
check their source.
I2C BUS Power Supply: FSC the CPU, check VCCIO/VTT corresponding
pins and check their source.
SA power supply: FSC the CPU, check VCCSA corresponding pins and check
their source.
Clock:
The HM6X series and follow series is not use the clock chip. But the Bridge
will add a 25M crystal. Check the XTAL25_IN to find it.
Bridge received 33M: Check the pin LOOPBACK.
Reset:
(1) IN: FSC to find the Bridge, check pin name of PWROK and
SYS_PWROK and check their source. If support AMT, it needs to
separate check the APWROK source.
(2) OUT: Bridge send DRAMPWROK, PROCPWRGD to CPU; The
PROCPWRGD is use for CPU to send SVID and generate VCORE.
Bridge send a reset signal PLTRST#: FSC the Bridge, check the
PLTRST corresponding name and find their signal source.
Find the CPU Reset signal: Check the CPU pin RESET or corresponding
AMD Dual Bridge Power On Sequence

and no power adapter) to laptop motherboard, VBAT (3V) via 3V coin
cell battery supply to Bridge RTC circuit to keep internal time running
and save CMOS information.
own pins.
open/switch on the Bridge standby voltage (S5_3.3V [VDDIO_33_S],
S5_1.2V [VDDCR_11_S]) and then send to South Bridge a “RSMRST#”
(3.3V) signal to inform Bridge standby voltage is normal. If EC can’t
detect AC power adapter (Battery mode), EC needs to receive a trigger on
signal and then to switch on the Bridge standby voltage. It is to save the
power.
High_Low_High power on signal to South Bridge pin PWR_BTN#.
PWR_BTN# signal, in order to pull-up the SLP_S5#, SLP_S3#.
7) SLP_S5# control to generates the DDR RAM power supply/supply
voltage. SLP_S3# control to generate Bridge power supply (3.3V, 1.8V,
1.2V/1.1V), DISCRETE power supply (1.2V), CPU needs several power
supply (for example: PLL power supply VDDA [2.5V], I2C BUS power
supply (VLDT1.2V), DDR Memory module BUS power supply
[VTT/VDDR], CPU core voltage VDD1.x, Integrated North Bridge
power supply VDDNB1.x).
8) When each channel power supply normal, the clock chip will output each
channel clock and send 100M clock PCIE_RCLKP/RCLKN to South
Bridge.
9) After each channel power supply normal, all the PG (power good) signal
together and generate PWR_GOOD to Bridge.
10) When the power supply of South Bridge, Clock, PG all normal,
will send several groups of 33M clock and again send LDT_PG to CPU.
11) South Bridge send platform reset signal A_RST#, PCIE_RST#,

PCIRST#.
12) South Bridge direct send the LDT_RST# signal to CPU.
AMD Dual Bridge Signals Description

VBAT: Same as the INTEL VCCRTC+RTCRST#, also same as the desktop
motherboard CMOS.
RTC Clock In: Same as 32.768KHZ. South Bridge internal name called X1,
X2. After SB820 change to 32K_X1, 32K_X2.
S5_3.3V: Standby voltage 3.3V.
S5_1.2V: Standby voltage 1.2V. (some standby voltage is 1.1V)
RSMRST#: When South Bridge received this signal, indicates standby voltage
normal. Normally, it come from EC/IO. (3.3V)
PWR_BTN#: Laptop power on button, when pressed it will send 3.3V-0V-

3.3V (High-Low-High) pulse signal.
ALL Power Rails: All the power supply are switched on. (Power supply of:
DDR RAM, Bridge, DISCRETE, CPU [needs several power supply]).
System Clocks: Clock start working. (AMD Single Bridge is generated by

internally)
PCIE_RCLKP/N: Two signals. Clock chip send to South Bridge 100M clock,
is the South Bridge main clock. This is one of the conditions for South Bridge to
send reset signal.
PWR_GOOD: Can be understood as ALL_PWRGD. When all the power

supply normal, all PG signal together and generate send to South Bridge. At
here, motherboard all voltages are normal/OK.
PCICLK[5.0]: After Bridge received 100M clock and PWR_GOOD, Bridge

will send 33M clock to EC and MINIPCIE.
LDT_STP#: South Bridge send an active high voltage to CPU, from DDR
RAM power supply pull-up, inform CPU exit stop state and ready to start
working. (This signal will cause the not running error code)
LDT_PG: CPU power supply normal signal (power good).
A_RST#: Platform reset.
PCIE_RST#: PCIE reset.
PCIRST#: PCI reset. After SB8 has this signal appear.
LDT_RST#: CPU reset, also has pull-up by the DDR RAM power supply.
AMD Dual Bridge Power Sequence Block Diagram
AMD Dual Bridge Chipset- Method on How to Find

Signal/Power Supply Lines Easily
G3-S5 State:
VBAT: RTC circuit power supply. From South Bridge VBAT or
VDDBT_RTC_G, after that check power supply source.
32.768KHZ: FSC to South Bridge, search X1, X2 or 32K_X1, 32K_X2 pins,

the corresponding circuit crystal.
EC Standby Power Supply: FSC to EC, search VCC0/AVCC/VCCA, find the

corresponding name and check their source.
3.3V Standby Voltage: From South Bridge to search S5_3.3V or VDDIO_33_S,

find the corresponding name and check their source.
1.*V Standby Voltage: From South Bridge S5_1.2V or VDDCR_11_S, find the
RSMRST#: The South Bridge ACPI reset signal 3.3V (Standby power good).
From South Bridge to search RSMRST source.
Trigger State:
(1) The South Bridge needs to receive PWRBTN# signal. Method to check is
from Bridge search PWR_BTN, and then check the signal source come
from where.
(2) If South Bridge received PWRBTN# signal, send SLP_S5# and
SLP_S3# to control SUS voltage & RUN voltage generated. Search
South Bridge SLP_S5 and SLP_S3. Also need to check this signal go to
where.
S3-S0 State:
DDR RAM power supply: FSC DDR RAM, check VDD pin corresponding
Bridge power supply: FSC the Bridge, check VCC and starting name with
“VDD” power supply. Except the S5.
CPU PLL Power Supply: FSC the CPU, check VDDA name corresponding
pin and check their source.
CPU I2C BUS Power Supply: FSC the CPU, check VLDT name
corresponding pins and check their source.
CPU Memory Module BUS Power Supply: FSC the CPU, check VTT or
VDDR corresponding pin name.
CPU Integrated North Bridge Power Supply: FSC the CPU, check VDDNB
corresponding pin name and check their source.
Clock State:
FSC the Clock Chip or direct search 14.318 to find the clock chip.
Power supply VDD pin.
Clock switched on: Check the PD pin, and check the signal go where.
14.318MHZ: Direct check clock chip X2/X2 two pin.
Reset State:
(1) Reset Condition: FSC the South Bridge, check PWR_GOOD pin
(2) Reset Conversion: FSC the South Bridge, check A_RST and PCIRST#
pin corresponding name, check the signal where to go.
(3) The CPU PG and RST#: South Bridge send LDT_PG and LDT_RST#
to CPU.
AMD Single Bridge Power On Sequence

and no power adapter) to laptop motherboard, VDDBT_RTC_G (3V) via
3V coin cell battery supply to Bridge RTC circuit to keep internal time
own pins.
open/switch on the Bridge standby voltage (S5_3.3V [VDDIO_33_S],
S5_1.2V [VDDCR_11_S]) and then send to South Bridge a “RSMRST#”
(3.3V) signal to inform Bridge standby voltage is normal. If EC can’t
detect AC power adapter (Battery mode), EC needs to receive a trigger on
signal and then to switch on the Bridge standby voltage. It is to save the
power.
High_Low_High power on signal to South Bridge pin PWR_BTN#.
PWR_BTN# signal, in order to pull-up the SLP_S5#, SLP_S3#.
7) SLP_S5# control to generates the DDR RAM power supply/supply
voltage. SLP_S3# control to generate Bridge power supply (3.3V, 1.8V,
1.2V/1.1V), CPU power supply (Several power supply. Some is SPI
signal direct control, also some is after SLP give to the EC and then EC to
control it). DISCRETE sequence is not confirmed.
8) After each channel power supply normal, all the PG (power good) signal
together and generate PWR_GOOD to Bridge.
9) After Bridge power supply, PG signal and 25M crystal all normal, will
send the Clock.
10) Bridge again send APU_PG (LDT_PG) to CPU.
11) The Bridge send platform reset signal A_RST#, PCIE_RST#,
PCIRST#.
12) The Bridge send the APU_RST# (LDT_RST#) signal to CPU.
AMD Single Bridge Signals Description

VDDBT_RTC_G: Same as the INTEL VCCRTC+RTCRST#, also same as the
desktop motherboard CMOS.
RTC Clock In: Same as 32.768KHZ. South Bridge internal name called X1,
X2. After SB820 change to 32K_X1, 32K_X2.
VDDIO_33_S: Standby voltage 3.3V.
VDDCR_11_S: Standby voltage 1.2V (some standby voltage is 1.1V)
RSMRST#: When South Bridge received this signal, indicates standby voltage
normal. Normally, it come from EC/IO. (3.3V)
PWR_BTN#: Laptop power on button, when pressed it will send 3.3V-0V-

3.3V (High-Low-High) pulse signal.
SLP_S5#: South Bridge exit shutdown state control signal (3.3V). Use to
control generate DDR RAM power supply.
SLP_S3#: South Bridge exit sleep state control signal (3.3V). Use to control &
generate all the S0 voltages.
ALL Power Rails: All the power supply are switched on. (Power supply of:
DDR RAM, Bridge, DISCRETE, CPU [needs several power supply]).
PWR_GOOD: Can be understood as ALL_PWRGD. When all the power

supply normal, all PG signal together and generate send to South Bridge. At
here, motherboard all voltages are normal/OK.
CLK: After Bridge received 100M clock and PWR_GOOD, Bridge will send
33M clock to EC and MINIPCIE.
APU_PG: APU power supply normal signal (power good).
A_RST#: Platform reset.
PCIE_RST#: PCIE reset.
PCIRST#: PCI reset.
APU_RST#: APU reset.
AMD Single Bridge Power Sequence Block Diagram
NOTE:
Please check with the Download Page Bonuses section there has:
 Over 35 different Models of Branded and OEM manufacturer Power On

Sequence & Timing Sequence PDF files.
 Over 800 Schematics & BoardView files, some schematic file has
included the Power On Sequence and their power contribution block too.
 Total Files size in Bonus Section is over 1.5GB!
 Please visit to: http://www.xiufix.com/laptop-repair-tips/
Chapter 3
Bypass Discrete
Graphic Card/Chip
(DIS) and Change to
Unified Memory
Architecture (UMA)
Graphic (Integrated
Graphic)
Why need to Convert or Bypass the DIS Graphic to UMA

in Laptop?
Most of the old or outdated laptop, when their mainboard/motherboard DIS
graphic broken, it is need to replace the DIS graphic chip. Unfortunately, the
price of this chip is quite expensive. Also hard to find the good & new chip.
Most of this DIS chip selling by the seller is refurbish or used from the old or
junk laptop motherboard.
So the purpose to use this method “Bypass DIS to UMA graphic” is:
1) Save the cost of repair laptop with lower fees. So the customer need to
repair their outdated laptop.
2) Cannot find/buy the DIS graphic BGA chip.
3) Some models of laptop motherboard have DIS design problem (for
example the Apple A1286, A1297, A1398, HP CQ42 & etc laptop), even
replace with a new DIS graphic chip. After use several months, the same
problem occurs. Especially the A1286 motherboard, most of the time is
their graphic chip location PCB (inside layer) circuit line/s
broken/abnormal inside. So need to use this method to save the laptop.
4) If the laptop owner is not a gamer or graphic designer, and they just want
to use laptop running steady and battery can long lasting. For example,
the laptop just uses in office or for business use only. When compare with
DIS graphic, the UMA graphic is using more less power than the DIS
graphic. So the laptop will less heat generate inside the laptop, and it can
long lasting to use too.
Note:
Some of the model laptop has built-in two types of graphic design (UMA &
DIS). The method on bypass their DIS to UMA have two, one is through
software and another one is through hardware.
For the software method, if the laptop has built-in two types of graphic DIS &
UMA, also their BIOS has function to control it, then just login into their laptop
motherboard BIOS to select/choose the DIS or UMA type graphic easily
without using the bypass method. Another software method is to
root/programed the “special” BIOS into laptop motherboard to bypass their
DISCRETE and use the UMA display.
For the hardware method, usually is to remove their Discrete power

supply coil/s and transfer their LVDS interface resistor to the right position. If
this method not success, go to next steps to remove or transfer some
components to match the laptop mainboard to working in UMA circuit.
Different design of laptop mainboard and different generation of their chipset
have different modification method. Commonly method is remove their DIS
BGA chip, shift or transfer some component to match the UMA circuit,
shift/transfer component in LVDS interface, Bridges and so on.
CAUTION:
Before starting to do laptop bypass the DIS to UMA, make sure you know what
you’re doing, and you have a confident knowledge in laptop
motherboard/mainboard repair. We (XiuFix.com) are not guarantee all this
information is 100% can make you successful in this modification.
For the Apple laptop, after modification and bypass their graphic from DIS to
UMA, the Apple laptop CANNOT install Windows system!! Some of the
technician they use a ‘not perfect’ BIOS solution or that part number
motherboard is not suitable to root the BIOS. Even it is successful to root the
BIOS and can use their UMA display, but some of the laptop function will
missing, for example, the sleep mode after activating and when back to normal
mode, their screen display is darkness or abnormal display! Some also
complaint the Apple system will running slow and lack too, after bypass the
DIS on motherboard. So you need to know what you’re doing first, before
starting to do the modification.
The Secret Tips on How to Convert or Bypass

the Laptop Motherboard Discrete to UMA
Graphic
Below information is the secret tips on how to bypass the motherboard Discrete
graphic card to UMA integrated graphic card. Not just follow the DIS to UMA
photo to do it only. But you also need to know how to do it with different
Bridge architecture use the different method to do their modification.
Intel HM4X Series Dual Bridge Architecture

Motherboard DIS to UMA Method
(A) North Bridge has integrated graphic card (UMA) function, for
example: GM45/GL40, etc, change as the following methods (Attn:
Not all need to use):
1) Change LVDS jumper resistors to North Bridge.
2) Change the EDID panel BUS (READ) to North Bridge.
3) Change High-voltage control signal and Panel power supply switched
on signal to North Bridge.
4) Some models of the HM4X motherboard needs to root/programed
their UMA BIOS.
5) Check the UMA module has the power supply connect or not. If not,
manually connected the UMA module power supply.
6) Check the Clock.
7) The Panel connector port until the North Bridge in between them if
don’t have the jumper resistors there, this motherboard cannot bypass
the DIS to UMA.
8) When change the DIS to UMA, normally just change the LVDS
module and meet the North Bridge LVDS module working condition.
Other module like: CRT module, HDMI module and TV module no
need to change.
(B) If the North Bridge don’t have the Integrated graphic (UMA), for
example: PM45/965PM, etc, change as the following methods (Attn:
Not all need to use):
1) Change the North Bridge with built-in integrated graphic.
2) Change the power supply for North Bridge integrated graphic module
(LVDS module).
3) LVDS signals change to North Bridge output.
4) Change the Panel EDID BUS (READ).
5) Root/Programed the integrated graphic (UMA) BIOS.
6) Change high-voltage control signal and panel power supply switch on
signal.
7) Check the integrated graphic clock.
8) The Panel connector port until the North Bridge in between them if
don’t have the jumper resistors there, this motherboard cannot bypass
the DIS to UMA. If it has the jumper resistors there and need to
change, you need to pay attention to these symbols inside the
schematic diagram: IV@, EV@, UMA, DIS, & etc.
9) When change the DIS to UMA, normally just change the LVDS
module and meet the North Bridge LVDS module working condition.
Other module like: CRT module, HDMI module and TV module no
need to change.
Intel HM6X & HM7X Series Chipset Motherboard DIS to

UMA Method
Change as the following methods (Attn: Not all need to use, sometimes just one
of the following method is okay):
1) If the integrated graphic UMA is blocked, cannot be changed. (Search the

schematic diagram their VAXG signal is short circuit to ground (GND) or
not.
2) Direct removed several coupling capacitors in PCIE BUS, let the CPU do
not recognize the Discrete graphic is okay.
3) Disconnecting the Discrete graphic power supply. For example, removed
their power supply coils/inductor. (included the main power supply and
secondary power supply). (This method does a lot in HM6X & 7X!
Because it is the easy way to do it! 😊😊)
4) Removed the Discrete graphic chip.
5) Login to the motherboard BISO to change the display setting from DIS to
UMA.
6) The HM6X series chipset motherboard, after change to UMA no need to

root/programed the BIOS.
7) The Panel connector port until the North Bridge in between them if don’t
have the jumper resistors there, this motherboard cannot bypass the DIS
to UMA. If it has the jumper resistors there and need to change, you need
to pay attention to these symbols inside the schematic diagram: IV@,
EV@, UMA, DIS, & etc.
8) When change the DIS to UMA, normally just change the LVDS module
and meet the North Bridge LVDS module working condition. Other
module like: CRT module, HDMI module and TV module no need to
change.
AMD Dual Bridge Architecture Motherboard DIS to

UMA Method
1) The AMD North Bridge has built-in the integrated graphic function.
2) Direct remove Discrete graphic chip, change LVDS jumper resistors,
change high-voltage control signal & screen panel power supply switch
on signal and change the panel EDID Bus (READ).
3) Connect the North Bridge integrated graphic module power supply and
clock.
4) Some model of motherboard need to root/programed their integrated
graphic (UMA) BIOS.
5) The Panel connector port until the North Bridge in between them if don’t
have the jumper resistors there, this motherboard cannot bypass the DIS
to UMA. If it has the jumper resistors there and need to change, you need
to pay attention to these symbols inside the schematic diagram: IV@,
EV@, UMA, DIS, & etc.
6) When change the DIS to UMA, normally just change the LVDS module
and meet the North Bridge LVDS module working condition. Other
module like: CRT module, HDMI module and TV module no need to
change.
** The method to bypass the motherboard DIS to UMA, not all the
model/motherboard can be change. Also, NOT all the motherboard can be
change successfully. Especially the motherboard is using the Nvidia graphic
card/chip need to pay attention to OPTIMUS mode switching and AMD graphic
card/chip need to pay attention to BACO mode switching. **
How to Modify Apple Macbook Pro A1286 K91

820-2915 & 820-2915-B Motherboard from DIS
to UMA with 2 Methods (Software or/and
Hardware)
A lot of the laptop repairer know this model of Apple Macbook Pro A1286 has
display problem due to their graphic chip & the PCB (Graphic chip location)
bugs/design problem. After use sometimes, it will appear the display distortion
or abnormal display problem.
Some of the technician do to re-heat or re-solder their graphic chip, it will back
to normal. But it cannot use lasting, maybe a week or several months, and
comeback again. Some technician will change a new graphic chip to this
motherboard, but it will also not last long time, it could be over 1 year till 2 year
max and come back a same problem again (If unfortunately to bought the
refurbished bad graphic chip, it will not lasting too). Sometimes even changed
the graphic chip, their PCB layer inside the circuit is broken and cannot by
repair, so you need another method call “Bypass Discrete graphic to UMA
integrated graphic Method” to solve this problem.
Actually, it has two methods to modify or bypass the Apple Macbook Pro
A1286 Motherboard DIS to UMA. One is bypass through Software or their
BIOS (80% BIOS + 20% Hardware). And another one is just Hardware method
(100% Hardware or 90% Hardware + 10% Software).
ATTENTION: Before to do the modification laptop motherboard, you must tell

the customer this laptop after modification, CANNOT use Windows System,
cannot to use the WIN+ALT+R+P or Shift + Control + Option keys to reset
(Cannot reset Mac SMC, if press, the laptop will back to DIS and no display),
cannot adjust the backlight brightness (in some case will has this problem).
(A) Bypass DIS to UMA with Software Method
Laptop Motherboard: Apple Macbook Pro A1286 laptop with motherboard K91
820-2915 & 820-2915-B.
Before upgrade the DIS to UMA BIOS, you MUST backup your old BIOS
first!!
Please go to the Bonus Page there to download the BIOS file “Apple A1286
K91F 820-2915_DIS to UMA_BIOS.rar”. After unzip it, use the programmer
to upgrade the BIOS to your BIOS chip. Or you can use a new BIOS chip to
root/programmed this BIOS, removed the old one (save as backup) and put this
new programmed BIOS chip into your motherboard.
Before power on the laptop, you must remove these motherboard components:
Removed the Discrete graphic power supply chip and corresponding

components like R8904, R8911, the MOSFET as photo & U8900 as photo
below:
Make sure removed all the above components with the solder/contact pins all
clean. This is the time to power on the laptop and see the result. Finally, this
laptop use the software method to conversion their DIS to UMA successfully.
Notes:
This laptop after modification, it is running smoothly. Try using several hours,
the laptop still feeling cold or warm only and no high temperature situation.
The SSN you need to change by yourself.
Found the laptop when install High Sierra 10.13, when it is reached the install
interface there, format harddisk select install system, it will pop-up an error
message said “Cannot continue to install the Media due to the bad devices or
media…” and then return back to early install interface there. Even try different
media like DVD or USB thumb drive. Finally, try to use the Sierra 10.12 it can
running smoothly.
One more thing, if the customer laptop harddisk is using Apple APFS Media to
set partition, after modification to UMA, the laptop will show can’t find the
start-up/booting files. This problem, need to re-format the harddisk and install
the iOS system to solve the problem (before doing this step, must ask the
customer first!).
(B) Bypass DIS to UMA with Hardware Method

This is a year 2011 laptop of Apple A1286 820-2915 bypass DIS to UMA case.
The Apple Macbook Pro A1286 2nd generation i7 CPU with 15 inches screen,
year 2011 laptop is using the AMD Discrete graphic card. Due to the design
bugs of this graphic card lot of this model laptop has display problem.
This Apple A1286 bypass DIS to UMA case is just using the “Hardware”
method to solve this problem. Not use the software method in this case.
Steps to bypass the DIS to UMA in hardware method:
1) Removed the U8000 216-08**** graphic card/chip.
2) Removed the U9720 (SN74LV4066A).
3) Removed the U9600 (XP25-5)

4) Removed the Discrete graphic video memory (VRAM)
5) Removed the R9235, R9237, R9230, R9232, R9240, R9242, R9225,
R9227, R9220, R9222, R9255, R9257, R9250, R9252, R9245, R9247.
Total of 16 resistors (0201 package).
6) After all the above components removed, make sure all the solder points
are clean and not short with other pin/solder points.
7) After U9270 IC (SN74LV4066A) removed, put the 0 ohm resistor (SMD
0201 package) on the pin-3 & pin-4, pin-10 & pin-11.
8) The resistors inside the photo below need to be reserved.
9) Connect LVDS_IG_A_DATA_P (0) to LVDS_IG_B_DATA_N(2), 2

sets of 3 pairs of a total of 12 signal lines to the corresponding
LVDS_CONN_A_DATA_P(0) to LVDS_CONN_B_DATA_N(2) be
sure to connect to the corresponding CONN, that is, the pin-2 of those
resistors removed, connect before the resistance is not removed (refer (8)
above) to the pin-1 and some laptop with display distortion problem.
10) Connect the LVDS_IG_A_CLK_P, LVDS_IG_A_CLK_N to the

corresponding LVDS--CONN_A_CLK_P, LVDS_CONN_A_CLK_N.
11) Connect the LVDS_A_CLK_P, LVDS_A_CLK_N and
LVDS_B_CLK_P, LVDS_B_CLK_N corresponding parallel. The above
changes, R9220 pin-2 connect to R9240 pin-2, R9222 pin-2 connect to
R9242 pin-2, (Attn: Make sure the R9220 & R9222 change to 0 ohm
resistor! If not change both resistors, after laptop reach to system will no
display!)
12) Connect the R2015 pin-1 (LVDS_IG_PANEL_PWR) to the R9678

pin-1 (LCD_PWR_EN).
13) Connect the U9600 pin-N14 (LVDS_IG_BKL_ON) to the Q9707
pin-5 (LCD_BKLT_EN).
14) Connect the R9704 pin-1 (LCD_BKLT_PWM) to the J9600 pin-1
PP3V3_S0.
15) Most of the laptop motherboard after modification, their display is
back to normal.
** Or use another method to let you easy to reference where the wire to
connect:
Connect the wire with points has the same number, like photo below:
After connected the above wires, also need to connect to their backlight control
signal, EDID switching, Panel power supply switch on signal and Panel
Backlight Adjust change to 3.3V. So the summary is connect the Bridge LVDS
signal, backlight signal, panel power supply switch on signal, all change to
panel connector.
Finally, the motherboard can detect the integrated graphic chip now.
For more different brands and models of DIS to UMA information, please
do go to the Bonus Page there to download the files. This ebook provided
total files size is over 1.5GB! Please visit to: http://www.xiufix.com/laptop-
repair-tips/.
Chapter 4
The Laptop
Schematic Diagrams,
BoardView Files &
Service Manuals
Acer Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Apple Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams
Asus Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Clevo Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Compal OEM Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams
Dell Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams
FIC OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Foxconn OEM Laptop Schematics Diagrams
Fujitsu Siemens Laptop Schematic Diagrams
HP Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Inventec OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Lenovo Laptop & Tablet Schematic Diagrams
LG Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Other Brands of Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Other Laptop BoardView Files
Quanta OEM Laptop Mainboard Schematic Diagrams
Samsung Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Sony Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Toshiba Laptop Schematic Diagrams
Uniwill OEM Laptop Schematic
Wistron OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams
All the above repairing information is inside the BONUS PAGE. Please go
to the Bonus Page there to download all the files you’re interested in. This
ebook provided total files size is over 1.5GB! Please visit to:
http://www.xiufix.com/laptop-repair-tips/ for more details.
As usual, if you have question about this ebook, please do not hesitate to send
me an email. Please provide your Paypal email address with your question. Here
is my support email address:
Email support team: xiufix.com@yahoo.com
Ebook url link: http://www.xiufix.com/laptop-repair-tips/
Thanks!
Another great laptop repairing ebook here:
Highly recommended other great related repair information for you:

With all these great repair information, it will help you in troubleshooting and
repairing the electronic devices: (Please click on the ebook cover to get more
details)
1) The Great Electronic Repairing Ebooks:
2) Kent Liew Best of OLED/LED/LCD/Plasma TV Repairing Ebooks:
a) http://www.LCDRepairGuide.com
This is a professional OLED/LED/LCD/ Plasma TV repairing website. Included

all the great repair tips and tricks, for example the PSU self test method, Panel
Modification Method, Backlight Bypass Method, TV Mainboard repair secrets,
T-con board (timing control section) repair secrets and so on.
b) Membership Sites:
Membership site contains the service manuals, training manuals,

schematic diagram, service bulletin and so on. For more details, please visit:
http://www.LCD-Television-Repair.com

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Collection of Laptop (Notebook) Repair Tips 2

Apple Macbook Air A1465 Laptop with No Display Problem..........................20

Apple MacBook Air A1466 (820-3437-B) Laptop is Unsuccessful Repair from

Apple MacBook Air A1466 Laptop Cannot Wake Up on Standby Mode.........39

Apple MacBook Air A1466 (820-00165-A) Laptop Cannot Power On in Battery

Apple Macbook Pro A1706 (820-00239-A) Laptop Cannot Power On.............54

Apple iMac A1418 (820-00430-A) Computer Cannot Power On Problem.......64

Hasee K610D-i7 D2 QTS502 (Quanta: DAOTWS) Gaming Laptop Cannot

Hasee K670D Gaming Laptop Cannot Power On and No Display Problem.....91

Lenovo G40-70M Laptop Cannot Power On Problem.....................................100

Collection of Laptop (Notebook) Repair Tips 3

Lenovo G470 (LA-6751P) Laptop with No Sound Problem............................106

Lenovo G480 Laptop No Display, but Sometimes it is normal. Randomly has

MECHEREV X6Ti-S (GH5KN41 REV:1.0) Laptop is Cause by Water Damage

Normal Resistance Values of Coils/Inductor on Laptop Motherboard without

Chapter 2: Collection of Laptop Power On Sequence

Laptop Motherboard Voltage Supply Requirement.........................................146

Intel Core i-Series CPU Generation Voltages..................................................147

Intel Core-i3 Laptop Power On Sequence Diagram.........................................148

Laptop Motherboard Power Sequence Rail......................................................149

Laptop Motherboard Power Sequence Status...................................................150

The Summary of Laptop Motherboard Power On Sequence ...........................151

Intel HM4X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process..............................................152

Intel HM4X Signals Description......................................................................153

Intel HM4X Power Sequence Block Diagram..................................................155

Intel HM5X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process..............................................157

Collection of Laptop (Notebook) Repair Tips 4

Intel HM5X Signals Description......................................................................158

Intel HM5X Power Sequence Block Diagram..................................................161

Intel HM6X/HM7X Chipset Laptop Hard-Start Process..................................163

Intel HM6X/HM7X Signals Description..........................................................165

Intel HM6X/HM7X Power Sequence Block Diagram.....................................168

Intel HM6X/HM7X Chipset- Method on How to Find Signal/Power Supply

AMD Dual Bridge Power On Sequence...........................................................173

AMD Dual Bridge Signals Description............................................................174

AMD Dual Bridge Power Sequence Block Diagram.......................................175

AMD Dual Bridge Chipset- Method on How to Find Signal/Power Supply

AMD Single Bridge Power On Sequence.........................................................179

AMD Single Bridge Signals Description..........................................................180

AMD Single Bridge Power Sequence Block Diagram.....................................181

Chapter 3: Bypass Discrete Graphic Card/Chip (DIS) and

Intel HM4X Series Dual Bridge Architecture Motherboard DIS to UMA

AMD Dual Bridge Architecture Motherboard DIS to UMA Method..............188

Collection of Laptop (Notebook) Repair Tips 5

Chapter 4: The Laptop Schematic Diagrams, BoardView Files &

Apple Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams

Asus Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Clevo Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Compal OEM Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams

Dell Laptop BoardView & Schematic Diagrams

FIC OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Foxconn OEM Laptop Schematics Diagrams

Fujitsu Siemens Laptop Schematic Diagrams

HP Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Inventec OEM Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Lenovo Laptop & Tablet Schematic Diagrams

LG Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Other Brands of Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Other Laptop BoardView Files

Quanta OEM Laptop Mainboard Schematic Diagrams

Samsung Laptop Schematic Diagrams

Sony Laptop Schematic Diagrams