Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. BARCODES
-Read labels containing parallel dark and light lines using laser light
-The width of each line represents a binary code
-Applications: automatic stock control
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
-There is no need for the user to write down or key in a website address; scanning the QR
code does this automatically
-QR codes can store website addresses URLs that appear in magazines, trains,
buses or even on business cards, giving a very effective method of advertising.
Use of Barcodes for automatic stock control / Point of Sale POS Terminal
-Barcode identifies a unique product
-Barcode can be used to look up product in a database
-Data about stock levels can be stored on a system
-Stock can be automatically deducted from the system
-Can check stock is below a certain level check stock level
-Automatic re-order/Alerts when stock is low
-Automatically update new stock level
-To locate if an item of stock is available in another location
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
2. TOUCH SCREEN
How does a Touch screen with Resistive touch detect your finger
-uses multiple layers of material that transmit electric currents
-when the top layer is pushed into the bottom layer
-electric current changes and location of touch is detected
How does a Touch screen with Infrared touch detect your finger
-An invisible grid on the screen is there with patterns of infra-red LED beams
-Sensors detect the position of touch through a break in infra-red beams
-The position where the finger touched is calculated using this information
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
How does a Touch screen with Capacitive touch detect your fingers
-Conductive layer
-An electrostatic/electric field is created
-Sensors around the screen monitor the electrostatic field
-When touched electrostatic charge is transferred to finger
-Location of touch is calculated / co-ordinates used to calculate touch
Why doesn’t touch screen work when we are wearing something on our hands
awabaqibb@gmail.com https://www.youtube.com/c/awabaqib/
GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
awabaqibb@gmail.com https://www.youtube.com/c/awabaqib/
GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
4. MICROPHONES
-Audio device that allows audio signals from diaphragm to be converted into electric signals
-Which can be interpreted by a computer after being converted into digital by sound card
-Can be connected using USB port or wireless link
-Application: voice recognition, speech recognition
Voice Recognition:
-User’s voice from microphone is converted to digital signals
-Words are translated to wave patterns and computer compares it with already saved ones
-If the patterns match then it means they are from the same person
-Used in security systems e.g. unlocking phone by saying name
Speech Recognition:
-User’s voice from microphone is converted to digital signals
-Spoken words are recognized and shown on screen/input to an application e.g. Word
-If a person says: “Avengers Assemble!” / sound card converts it to digital form
-Software takes the digital form and decomposes it into phonemes
-Phonemes are smallest elements of language e.g. a b c
-Phonemes of “Avengers Assemble!” are compared with words in a pre-saved dictionary of a
language
-Based on the search, “Avengers Assemble!” would be found and written on the screen
-Quite a complex process/ needs to train computer on different dialects by different people
-Same process can be used to teach yourself a foreign language
-Allows people with disabilities to interact with the computer
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
5. KEYBOARDS
6. SCANNERS
2D Scanner
-Scanner shines a light onto the surface of a document
-Reflected light is captured
-Uses mirrors and lenses
-Captured image is converted into a digital file
-Produces a 2D digital image
-used to read passports and official documents at airports
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
3D Scanner
-Scanner shines a laser over the surface of a 3D object
-Records measurements of the dimensions of the object
-Measurements are converted to digital file
-Produces a 3D digital model
-used to create 3d image of solid objects in Computed Tomographic (CT) scans
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
7. DIGITAL CAMERAS
-Digital cameras don’t need a film to save photos like older cameras
-Save photos on a memory card and can be linked to computer via USB port or Bluetooth
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
8. MOUSE
-Is a pointing device and perhaps the most commonly used input device
-Similar to keyboard, it can be connected through USB port or wireless link
-Traditional mice had a freely moving ball inside to detect the position of pointer on screen
-Latest mice use red laser to track the position
9. TRACKERBALL
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
9. SENSORS
Pressure sensor
-detect the pressure of an object
-detect intruders in alarm system, count vehicles moving over a bridge
pH sensor
-To measure how acidic/alkaline the soil is
-To alert when there may be something polluting the soil
Light sensor
-To measure the brightness of the environment
-To alert when the fruit has too little/too much light
-automatic switching on car’s headlights
Temperature sensor
-To measure the temperature of the environment
-To alert when it is too hot/too cold for the fruit to grow
-Central heating/air con system
Gas sensor
-To measure the amount of CO2/oxygen present
-To alert when too much CO2/oxygen present
-Pollution monitoring in a river
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GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
Humidity/Moisture sensor
-To measure the water content in the air
-To alert when the air is too dry
awabaqibb@gmail.com https://www.youtube.com/c/awabaqib/
GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
awabaqibb@gmail.com https://www.youtube.com/c/awabaqib/
GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
awabaqibb@gmail.com https://www.youtube.com/c/awabaqib/
GCSE CS (2210) / IGCSE CS (0478) P1 NOTES BY AWAB AQIB
CHAPTER 1.3: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
1.3.3 Input Devices
awabaqibb@gmail.com https://www.youtube.com/c/awabaqib/