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A CHEMISTRY PROJECT
ON
“ PRESENCE OF PESTICIDES INSECTICIDES IN
CLASS- XII
ROLL NO.:-
1. Certificate
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2. Acknowledgement
OR
3. Declaration
4. Abstract
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full documents.
5. Theory
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6. History
7. Effects on environment
8. Classification
9. Alternatives in pest control
10. Requirements
11. Procedure
12. Conclusion
13. Bibliography
CERTIFICATE
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This is to certify Upload yourproject
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entitled “PRESNCE OF
PESTICIDES AND INSECTICIDES IN VARIOUS FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES“byUpload to Download
Pabitra Ranjan Giri of class XII is
in accordance to the topic allotted to him.
OR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENt
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i would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher
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Mr AKHANDAL NAYAK who gave me the golden opportunity on
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the topic PRESENCE OF PESTICIDES INSECTICDES IN
Class: XII
Roll:
DECLARATION
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I PABITRA RANJAN GIRI of class XII do hereby declare
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that this chemistry project entitled “presence of
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pesticides & insecticides in various fruits &
vegetables submitted practical
OR for all india
”
Senior sCHOOL
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{ aissce} 2019-2020 consists of the original work done by
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me under the supervision of Mr. Akhandal nayak.
Class: XII
ABSTRACT
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To Study the presence of insecticides or pesticides(Nitrogen Containing)
in various fruits andUpload your documents to download.
vegetables
History
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Since before 20BC, humans have utilized pesticides to protect their
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crops .The first known your documents
pesticide to download.
was elemental sulphur dusting used in
ancient summer about 4500 years ago in ancient Mesopotamia. By the
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15th century, toxic chemicals suchtoasDownload
arsenic, mercury and led being
applied sulphate was extracted from tobacco leaves for use an
OR introduction of two more natural
insecticide. The 19th century saw the
pesticides, pyrethrum, which is derived from chrysanthemums,
rotenone whichBecome a Scribd
is derived frommember to read
the roots and download
of tropical vegetables.
full documents.
In 1940s manufactures began to produce large amounts of synthetic
pesticides and their use become wide
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30 day free trialSome sources consider
the 1940s and 1950s to have been the start of the “Pesticide era”
Pesticide use has increased 50 field since 1950 and 2.3 million tonnes of
pesticides are now used each year.
In 1960s it was discovered that DDT was preventing many fish eating
birds from reproducing, which was a serious threat to biodiversity. The
agricultural use of DDT is now leaned under the Stockholm convention,
but it is still used in some developing nations.
EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT
Pesticides have many advantages, but they also do much harm to the
environment. In view of both positive and negative effects of
pesticides; we should aim to achieve full selectivity of their action.
Nonetheless, the latest studies show that pesticides still constitute a
hazard to the environment and human health.
Each year, 140,000 tons of pesticides are sprayed onto crops in the
European Union (EU) alone. Fruit and vegetables are the crops most
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OR
CLASSIFICATION:-
Pesticides classified according to the pests they control. The
four main types of pesticides are
1.HERBICIDES
2.FUNGICIDES
3.INSECTIDES
4.RODENTICIDES
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OR
B. Fungicides
Certain fungi cause disease and may infect both plants and
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animals including human beings. Fungicides control plant
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diseases that infect foodyour documents
crops woodtoused
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for building houses
in often heated with fungicides to prevent dry not.
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OR
C. Insecticides
Farmers use insecticides to protect their crops from
insect damage. In Urban areas public health officials use them
to fight mosquitoes and that insects carry germs. People use
insecticides indoor to control pests and ants and cockroaches.
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OR
D. Rodenticides
Colloquially “rat poison” are typically non-specific pest
control chemicals made and sold for the purpose of killing
rodents. Some rodenticides are lethal after one exposure
while others require more than one. Rodents are disinclined
to gorge on an unknown food (perhaps reflecting an adaptation
to their inability to vomit), Preferring wait and to sample,
observe whether it makes them or other rats sick. This
phenomenon of bait shyness or poison shyness is the rationale
for poisons that kill only after multiple doses.
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OR
Requirements
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Mortar and pestle
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Beakers
Funnel
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glass rod
filter paper
china dish OR
water bath
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tripod stand
full documents.
fusion-tubes
knife
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test-tube
sample of fruits and vegetables
alcohol
sodium metal
ferric chloride solution
ferrous sulfate crystal
distilled water
dilute sulphuric acid
Procedure
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1. Take different kinds Reading
of fruit a Preview
and vegetables and cut them into small
piece separately.
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2. Transfer the cut piece of various fruits and vegetables in mortar
separately and crush them. Upload to Download
3. Take different beaker of each kind of fruits and vegetables and place
OR
the crushed fruit and vegetable in these beakers, and add 10ml of
alcohol to each or these. Stir well and filter collect the filtrate in
separate china Become
dishes. a Scribd member to read and download
full documents.
4. Evaporate the alcohol by heating china dishes one by one over water
Start
bath and let the residue dry inyour 30 day free trial
an oven.
5. Heat a small piece of dry sodium in a fusion tubes, till it melts. Then
add one of the above residue from china dish to the fusion tube and
heat till red hot. Drop the hot fusion tube in china dish containing about
110ml of distilled water. Break the tube and boil the contents of the
china dish for about 5 minute to cool and filter solution. Collect the
filtrate.
6. To the filtrate add 1ml freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution and
warm the contents. Then, add 2-3 drops of ferric chloride solution and
acidity with the dil. Hydrochloric acid if a blue or green precipitate or
coloration is obtained, it indicated the presence of nitrogen containing
insecticide.
7. Repeat the test of nitrogen for residue obtained from other fruits
and vegetable and record observation.
OBSERVATION
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SL NO Name of the fruits and yourTest for presence of Presence of
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vegetables nitrogen insecticide/pesticide
1 Tomato +ve
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Yes
4 Potato Yes
+ve to read and download
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full documents. Yes
5 Orange +ve
CONCLUSION
Thus from the above experiment we conclude that the
fruits and vegetables that we consume especially grapes,
tomato and potato contain nitrogen containing
insecticides and pesticides
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.www.slideshare.net
2.www.seminarsonly.com
3.www.wikipedia.com
4.practical manual book for class-XII
5.www.scribd.com
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