Adigrat University Laboratory manual for

Electrical and Computer Database Systems

Engineering(Computer)
Lab Manual:3

Basic MySQL Commands

In our second lab exercise we have seen basic introduction to MySQL and
we have started to use some MySQL commands .This lab exercise is the
continuation of the second exercise and it will give you more details about
the most important MySQL statements or commands.

Please note the use of following MySQL Commands:

a) mysql>CREATE DATABASE ECEdb;
b) mysql>USE ECEdb;
c) mysql>SHOW DATABASES;
d) mysql>DROP DATABASE ECEdb;
e) mysql>SHOW DATABASES; Is your database available in the list of
databases?
f) mysql>CREATE BATABASE ECEdb;

1. CREATING TABLES
Syntax: Create table table_name (column 1 data type1 [constraint 1]…
column n data type n [constraint n]) ENGINE= Engine type;

Example 1: CREATE TABLE PARENT (PARENT_ID INT NOT NULL,

PARENT_NAME VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY
(PARENT_ID)) ENGINE=INNODB;

See the description of table PARENT.

Example 2: CREATE TABLE CHILD (CHILD_ID INT NOT NULL,
CHILD_NAME VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL, PARENT_ID INT,PRIMARY
KEY(CHILD_ID), FOREIGN KEY (PARENT_ID) REFERENCES PARENT
(PARENT_ID) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE)
ENGINE=INNODB;

See the description of table CHILD.

2. DROPPING TABLES

Syntax: Drop table table_name;

Example: DROP TABLE child;

After it is dropped your table no more exists. So create the table child again
using the syntax from example 1above.

3. THE ALTER COMMAND

a) USING ALTER to change table name

Syntax: ALTER TABLE existing_table_name REMANE TO

new_table_name;

Example: mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENT RENAME TO PARENTS;

mysql> SHOW TABLES;
mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENTS RENAME TO PARENT;

We can also use the RENAME Command to change the name of an existing
table into a new one.

Syntax: RENAME TABLE existing_table_name TO (AS)new_table_name;

Example: mysql>RENAME TABLE CHILD TO CHILDREN;

mysql> describe CHILDREN;
mysql> describe CHILD;
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
mysql>RENAME TABLE CHILDREN AS CHILD;

b) USING ALTER to ADD a column

Syntax: ALTER TABLE existing_table_name ADD new_column_name data
type;
Example: mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENT ADD age int;

c) USING ALTER to Change the data type of existing column

Syntax: ALTER TABLE existing_table_name MODIFY column_name

new_data type;

Example: mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENT MODIFY parent_name char

(30);

d) USING ALTER to Change the name of an existing column

Syntax: ALTER TABLE existing_table_name CHANGE old_column_name

new_column_name data type;

Example: mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENT CHANGE parent_name name

varchar (30);

e) USING ALTER to drop an existing column

Syntax: ALTER TABLE table_name DROP

[COLUMN]column_name ;

Example: mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENT DROP age;

mysql>ALTER TABLE PARENT DROP COLUNM age;

4. INSERTING DATA INTO ALLTHE COLUMNS OF THE CREATED

TABLES

Syntax: INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (V1, V2… Vn);

Where table_name is the name of the table on which the values are to be
inserted in and V1, V2… Vn are values of the corresponding columns of the
table. Note that string values must be placed inside single quote.

Example 1: INSERT INTO PARENT VALUES (100,’Ato Belay Hadgu’);

INSERT INTO PARENT VALUES (101,’Ato Hadgu Belay’);

INSERT INTO PARENT VALUES (102,’Ato Gebru Asrat’);

Example 2: INSERT INTO CHILD VALUES (300,’Alem’, 100);

INSERT INTO CHILD VALUES (301,’Lema’, 101);

INSERT INTO CHILD VALUES (302,’Kessete’, 102);

5. INSERTING DATA INTO SPECIFIC COLUMNS OF THE CREATED

TABLES

Syntax: INSERT INTO table_name (Column 1, Column 2… Column x)

VALUES (V1, V2… Vx);

Where table_name is the name of the table on which the values are to be
inserted in, Column 1, Column 2… Column x are the specific columns and V1,
V2… Vx are values of the corresponding columns. Note that string values must
be placed inside single quote.

Example 2: INSERT INTO CHILD (CHILD_ID, CHILD_NAME) VALUES

(305,’Hagos’);

6. RETRIEVING VALUES FROM A TABLE

a) Retrieving all values

Syntax: SELECT * FROM table_name;

Example: SELECT * FROM PARENT;

SELECT * FROM CHILD;

b) Retrieving specific values

Syntax: SELECT column 1, column 2, … , column n FROM table_name;

Example: SELECT CHILD_NAME, PARENT_ID FROM CHILD;

c) Retrieving all values using where condition

Syntax: SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE condition;

Example: SELECT * FROM PARENT WHERE PARENT_ID < 500;

d) Retrieving specific values using where condition

Syntax: SELECT column 1, column 2,…, column n FROM table_name

WHERE condition;

Example: SELECT CHILD_NAME, PARENT_ID FROM CHILD WHERE

PARENT_ID < 400;

7. DELETING RECORDS
Syntax: DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

Example: DELETE FROM PARENT WHERE PARENT_ID = 400;

Note: The where condition is very important. Otherwise all your data in the
table will be deleted.

8. UPDATING RECORDS
Syntax: UPDATE table_name SET column_name = new_value WHERE
condition;

Example: UPDATE CHILD SET PARENT_ID = 400 WHERE

CHILD_NAME=’Lemma’;

Note: The where condition is very important. Otherwise all your data in the
table will be updated.

Exercise: CREATE the following tables. Be careful while selecting the data
types, constraints, primary key(s) and foreign key(s).After creating populate
them with appropriate values.

1. BANK (BANK_NAME, BRANCH_NAME , ASSETS )

2. CUSTOMER(CUST_ID,CUST_NAME,BANK_NAME ,BRANCH_
NAME,BALANCE )