Types of different beds

Unoccupied bed: or open bed /Admission Bed/Simple Bed

1-An unoccupied bed is one that is made when not occupied by a patient.
-Open bed: This is prepared for an ambulatory patient.
Making an Unoccupied Bed
Purposes:
1- To provide a clean comfortable bed.
2- .To keeps bed ready for the next patient.
3- To promote the clients comfort
4- To provide a smooth, wrinkle - free bed foundation, thus minimizing sources of
skin irritation
Equipment:
1- Pillow (with plastic cover, if necessary).

2- One mackintosh (rubber draw sheet).

3- One draw sheet.
4- Pillow cover.
5- One or two woolen blankets.
6- Bed sheet or bed cover.
7- Mattress cover pad and plastic cover.
8- Bottom protections or canvas over the springs under the mattress
9- Clean gloves
Procedures
S# STEPS Rationales S U
1 Arrange the equipment to be used on a
Strait chair, near the foot of the bed. Save time and energy.
2 Place the mattress straight on the bed Save the time.
Up to the top of the springs of the bed
3 Place the bottom sheet evenly on the For FOUNDATION
bed with right side of the hem facing
 Up and wide hem at top.
4 At the same side, tuck the sheet well
Under the head of the mattress.
5 At the same side, place rubber sheet It is covered back of patient
across the approximate center of the
bed and tuck in.
6 At the same side, place the top of the Miter the corner keep bed linen tight
draw sheet 45 cm from the head and
tuck 30 cm under the mattress.
7 Go to the other side of the bed and Prevent from wetting
Fanfold the draw sheet back over the
rubber sheet toward the center of the Bed.
8 Tighten the lower sheet under the head Miter the corner keep bed linen tight and wrinkle
Of the mattress, making a corner. free
9 Tighten and tuck the mackintosh at the It is scientific principle
middle than tuck in at the top and
bottom.
10 Place the top sheet evenly on the bed, For draping -
11 Bring the reminder of the sheet down -
to the foot and under the mattress,
make a corner .
12 Place the blanket in the center of the Make it easer for the patient comfort.
bed with its top 20 cm from the top of the mattress and
fold top sheet back over
the blanket.
13 Fold the blanket under the foot of the To warm the patient.
Mattress and make a corner.
14 Place the bedspread on the bed even with the headTo provide
of comfort bed.
the mattress.
,Fold top sheet down over spread and
Blanket make a half mitred corner at the
foot of the spread.
15 Place over bed table and chair in proper place, arranging
Promotes sense of well being and minimizes
personal items with in easy reach on bedside. exertion on the patient.
16 Replace all equipment. Ensures readiness for next use.
17 Wash hands. Prevent transmission of micro organisms.
Reference:
Nursing skills and evaluation Sandra Smith onna Duall
Nursing Assistant Barbara R. Hegner 9th Edition
Kozier & Erbs
http://intranet/nursing/nslink/hygienecarepgthree.htm
Practical Notes.
Lily Pritam Telu Ram Manual OF Nursing Arts Fourth Edition
Saida Waheed FMH Nursing College
Year First Prof BSc Nursing

Saida Waheed FMH College of Nursing.

An Occupied Bed: The hospital bed in which the patient is constantly

lying or he/she cannot move out of the bed or the client remains in bed while it
is being made.

PURPOSES
o To conserve patient’s energy and maintain current health status.
o To provide client comfort.
o To provide a clean, neat environment for the client.
o To provide a smooth, wrinkle free bed foundation , thus minimizing sources of skin
irritation

EQUIPMENT:
o Two large sheets.
o Draw sheet.
o Blanket (Optional)
o Mackintosh or rubber sheet
o Pillow caver
o Laundry( Hamper) bag
o Chair

PROCEDURES:
S# STEPS RATIONALE S U
1 Identify the patient To give care to the right patient
2 Check from RN/patient’s chart/ Ensure patient’s safety as well as use of
Carder for orders or specific proper body mechanics for nurse and
precautions for movement and patient.
positioning.
3 Collect equipment and supplies Save time and energy
4 Place the fresh linen on the patient’s Organizing linen in order of use saves
chair in order of use, at the foot end of time and energy
bed.
5 Place hamper bag in a convenient place Facilitates disposal of soiled linen
6 Explain procedure to the patient Minimizes anxiety and promotes
cooperation
7 Wash hands Prevents transmission of micro
organisms
8 Provide for client privacy Maintaining privacy, thus promoting
 emotional and physical comfort.
9 Remove call bell/light Provides easy access to bed and linen
10 Adjust bed in working position and Minimizes strain on nurses back. Ensures
lock the bed. safety
11 Assistant the patient to turn on far side Protects accidental fall
of the bed. Raise the side of that side.
Adjust the pillow.
12 Loosen all linen starting from head end Makes work easy.
of the bed from the working side.
13 Fan folds soiled linen near the patient Provides maximum space for clean linen. S U
14 Fan folds half of the clean bottom sheet For neatness of the bed
vertically as close to the patient as
possible. Tuck and miter the corner at
the head end and tuck in the working
side.
15 Place the mackintosh and the draw Protect from wetting of bottom sheet
sheet vertically at the center of the bed
and tuck them firmly.
16 Assist the patient to roll over towards Prevents accidental fall.
you, adjust the pillow and raise the side
rail.
17 Move on to the other side and lower Provides easy access
the side rail.
18 Remove the used linen and place them Reduces transmission of micro organisms
in the hamper bag
19 Pull the bottom sheet, mackintosh and Provides comfort
the draw sheet firmly.
20 Miter the head end corner of the For foundation of the bed
bottom sheet and tuck it in.
21 Tuck mackintosh and draw sheet
firmly
22 Change the pillow case and reposition For good looking
it at the center of the bed, turning the
opening away from the door/main
entrance.
23 Assist the patient to a comfortable
position.
24 Spread the top sheet over the patient According to the season
(You may ask patient to hold it while
removing the used sheet). A blanket
may be used if required
25 Ask the patient to slightly flex the For comfortable
knees
26 Tuck the foot end of top sheet and
miter the corners
27 Fold 6 inches of the top sheet to make Makes it easier for the patient to pull the
 a cuff sheet up
28 Adjust call bell and return bed to a Ensures patients safety and comfort
comfortable position
29 Place over bed table and chair in Promotes sense of well being and
proper place, arranging personal items minimizes exertion on the patient
with in easy reach on bedside trolley.
30 Replace all equipment Ensures readiness for next use. S U
31 Wash hands Prevents transmission of micro
organisms

Reference:
Nursing skills and evaluation Sandra Smith onna Duall
Nursing Assistant Barbara R. Hegner 9th Edition
http://intranet/nursing/nslink/hygienecarepgthree.htm
Practical Notes.
Lily Pritam Telu Ram Manual OF Nursing Arts Fourth Edition
Kozier & Erbs

\Saida Waheed FMH Nursing College Year I Diploma Nursing

 Saida Waheed FMH College of Nursing
Year I BSc Nursing

Cardiac Bed: A bed prepared for heart patient.

Purposes:
 To relieve dyspnea
 To provide rest
 To provide comfort and safety
 To relieve edema
 To provide easy breathing for the patient with minimum strain from difficulty in breathing

Equipment:
1- Ordinary bed equipment.
2- Cardiac table.
3- Extra pillows--------two for back.
4- Back rest (if not fowler’s bed).
5- Foot-rest board. (Wooden)
 Procedures:
S# STEPS RATIONALS s u
1 Make foundation of bed as usual Like a simple bed
2 Place /adjust back rest at patient’s To support the chest
back, making it comfortable with muscles and make
Pillows. respiration easy
3 Place cardiac table in front of the Patient can sleep in
Patient with pillows on it so that sitting position
he may lean forward to rest his head and arm
on it
4 Support feet with sandbag Prevent from slip or foot
drop
5 Take weight off bedclothes Prevent from upper
From feet with cradle. bedding
6 Make rest of bed as usual According to patient
need
7 Leave your patient comfortable in Patient can be feel
bed. comfortable

Reference:
Nursing skills and evaluation Sandra Smith onna Duall
Nursing Assistant Barbara R. Hegner 9th Edition
http://intranet/nursing/nslink/hygienecarepgthree.htm
Practical Notes.
Lily Pritam Telu Ram Manual OF Nursing Arts Fourth Edition
Kozier & Erbs

\Saida Waheed FMH Nursing College Year I Diploma Nursing

 Saida Waheed FMH College of Nursing
Year I BSc Nursing

Fracture Bed: A hard firm bed designed for fracture cases.

.

Purposes:

1.To give firm, even sport to the broken limbs and back
2.To maintain position
3.To make the patient comfortable.
Equipment: Same as a simple occupied bed, Fracture boards, Sand bag, fracture bed. bed
cradle, roller towel.

Procedure:
S# STEPS RATIONALS s U
1 Place the fracture board under the To support the fracture limbs.
 mattress to provide firm support and
prevent sagging
Make foundation of bed in usual
way
Place pillows, number depends on
site of fracture.
2 Place a thin mattress or pad over the To immobilize the limb.
Fracture board (remove inner spring
mattress.
Place roller towel over the fractured To prevent any movement of broken
part and fix with sand bags. bone ends and further damage to soft
tissues. (Omit if plaster has been
applied)
3 Cover patient with inside blanket and To comfort the patient.
put cradle in position
Place top bedclothes as usual,
pleating over cradle to give neat
appearance.

Reference:
Nursing skills and evaluation Sandra Smith onna Duall
Nursing Assistant Barbara R. Hegner 9th Edition
http://intranet/nursing/nslink/hygienecarepgthree.htm
Practical Notes.Lily Pritam Telu Ram Manual OF Nursing Arts Fourth Edition
Kozier & Erbs

\Saida Waheed FMH Nursing College Year I Diploma Nursing

 Saida Waheed FMH College of Nursing
Year I Diploma Nursing

Blanket, Rhematism (Renal) bed: This is prepared to provide extra warmth to the
patient.
Purposes.
1) To provide extra warmth to the body in general debility,(weakness) and
2) Other conditions.
3) To provide for absorption of patient’s perspiration.
4) To make the patient comfortable.
Equipment:
1- All articles of simple bed are required.
2- Extra pillows.
3. One small mackintosh.
4. One draw skeet.
5. Blanket
6. Bedspread.
7. Bed cradle.
# Steps Rationales S U
1 Leave the lower sheet and mackintosh Folding causes creases .
on the bed to protect mattress.
2 Cover this with one of the bath blanket To have a neat appearance and for
Instead of the bottom sheet. the comfort of patients.
3 Over this place the small mackintosh To protect it from soiling.
and draw sheet in the usual manner.
4 Place second bath blanket over the patient Save many steps.
Add woolen blanket and bedspread in usual manner.
5 If cradle is needed it is put between the To comfort the patient.
blankets.
Note.
This bed is used for the following conditions:
1- Rheumatism -----bed cradle will often be needed.
2- As an emergency bed for receiving a patient with shock.
3- For patient with general debility.
4- For patient with kidney disease ,e.g,nephritis.
.
\Saida Waheed FMH Nursing College Year I Diploma Nursing

Saida Waheed FMH College of Nursing

Year I Diploma Nursing
Post-operative Bed: A bed especially prepared to receive a patient after
surgery and major recovery from anesthesia.
Purposes:
 Provide suitable environment it may be hot or according to season.
 Protect the patient from immediately complication of anesthesia.
 Protect the linen from blood staining vomiting.
 Easily shifted and lifted to Streator if required.
 To anticipate the needs of the patient after operation.

Equipment:
1. Two large sheets.
2. Draw sheet.
3. Bath blanket.
4. Woolen blanket.
5. Rubber sheet.
Sponges or rags ‘wippets and force
6.basin and paper bag.
 6. Two tongue blades or a mouth gag.
7. Small towel.
8. Pulse meter or a watch.
9. Blood pressure apparatus.
10. Pencil and paper to record pulse ‘vital signs.
11. Hot water bottle with cover.
12. Airway.
13. Sterile draining bottles with tubing.
14. I.V stand
Procedures:
1. Steps Rationales S U
2. Make foundation of bed Comfort the patient.
3. Continue with remainder of bed as To receive the patient from
usual, but do not mitre bottom of corners
theofstretcher.
top
bedding
4. Fan fold upper bedding to one side According to standard
, opposite the stretcher.
5. In cold season, place hot water bottle inTo give hot environment in the
the middle of bed, and cover with fanfold
bedtopbecause
bedding
patient may be
temperature of hot water is never shivering. (complication of anesthesia)
exceed 50 C (122 F)
6. Place small rubber sheet, covered with
Towel, at open side top of the bed
7 Place kidney basin on bedside table.
8 Place I.V stand on bedside.
9 Replace all equipment Ensures readiness for next uses

Reference:
Nursing skills and evaluation Sandra Smith onna Duall
Nursing Assistant Barbara R. Hegner 9th Edition
http://intranet/nursing/nslink/hygienecarepgthree.htm
Practical Notes.Lily Pritam Telu Ram Manual OF Nursing Arts Fourth Edition
Kozier & Erbs

\Saida Waheed FMH Nursing College Year I Diploma Nursing

Saida Waheed FMH College of Nursing

Year I Diploma Nursing

Divided Bed or Amputation Bed

Definition:A bed in which the upper cloths are divided.
Purposes:
 To allow the nurse to do repeated procedure such as bladder irrigation ‘with out
exposing the patient.
 To allow the nurse to make frequent observation’i.e’after amputation of the leg, with out
disturbing the patient.

Equipment:
ORDINERY BED EQUIPMENT.
1. A set of top bedding.
2. Blankets and bed covers.
3. Bath blankets.
4. Bed cradle & tourniquet.
5. Pillow and plastic cover.
6. Sand bags if amputation bed is to be made.
 S# Steps Rationales S U
1 Make foundation of bed. To comfort the patient.
2 Spread both blankets next to the patient To warm the patient.
body.
Make bottom half of the bed. To neat appearance.
3 Fold sheets crosswise at the center of Fixing the sheets in bed for neat
the bed at bottom tuck in make corners appearance.
4 Fold a sheet in half with right hem-
side up. Allow 15 cm at top to fold back over the top
bedding.
5 Place blanket ,keep 22.5 cm from the To comfort and warm the patient.
top of the mattress. and fold the top
sheet down over it.
6 Do like wise with the bed spread. According to policy of hospital.
7 Remove the bath blanket placed next to Save many steps.
the patient---fold it and put it in its
proper place.

NOTE: If the bed is made for an amputation case, make use of cradle, sand bags,etc,
to keep the part in place.

Reference:
Kozier, B., Erb, G. Blais, K and Wilkinson, J.M (1995). Assisting with hygiene (5th ed),
Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, process and practice (ppp. 777-783). New York:
Addison Valley.
Perry, A.G and Potter, P.A (1990) Care of client’s environment(2 nd ed.), Clinical Nursing Skills
and Technique. (pp. 184-192). Toronto: Mosby.
Lily Pritam Telu Ram RN, RM,
Former Nursing.
Philadelphia Hospital Ambala