The work of Taganap [1] allows one to construct an edge-to-edge monocoronal tiling from an isohedral

tiling using the following theorems.

Theorem 1. Let T be an edge-to-edge isohedral tiling [ v 1 . v 2 . … . v n ] of X with symmetry group G .

Suppose H ≤G acts transitively on the tiles of T and Stab H (T )= {id } for every tile T ∈ T . Then there
¿
exists an edge-to-edge monocoronal tiling T with vertex corona consisting of a v 1-gon, a v 2-gon, …, a v n
¿
-gon (in cyclic order) with symmetry group G ≥ H .

The following result helps in obtaining a subgroup H that satisfies the assumptions of Theorem 1.

Theorem 2. Let T be an isohedral tiling with symmetry group G . Let H ≤G such that Stab H (T )= {id }
for every tile T ∈ T . H acts transitively on the tiles of T if and only if [ G: H ] =|StabG ( T )|.

The above two theorems are generalize the following.

Theorem 3. Let T be an edge-to-edge k -isohedral tiling of X with symmetry group G and representative
tiles T 1 , T 2 , … , T k. Let H ≤G and suppose G T i=H T i 1 ∪ H T i 2 ⋯ ∪ H T i n , i=1 , … , k , and the
i
¿
stabilizers of T ij ' s are nonconjugate under H . Then there exists a v -isogonal tiling T , v=∑ ni , with
symmetry group H .

Theorem 4. Let T be an edge-to-edge k -isohedral tiling of X with symmetry group G and representative
tiles T 1 , T 2 , … , T k. Let H ≤G such that Sta b H ( T 11 ) , Sta b H ( T 12 ), …, Sta b H ( T 1 n ), Sta b H ( T 21 ),
1

Sta b H ( T 22 ), …, Sta b H ( T 2 n ), …, Sta b H ( T k 1 ), Sta b H ( T k 2 ), …, Sta b H ( T kn ) are nonconjugate under H .

2 k

H forms ∑ ni transitivity classes of tiles if and only if

ni
|Sta b G ( T i )| = [ G : H ] for all i=1 , … , k
∑
j=1 |Sta b H ( T ij )|

Proof of Theorem 3.

Consider a k -isohedral tiling T of X with symmetry group G and let H be a subgroup of G

satisfying the above conditions. Take a point x i j ∈T i j such that g x i j=x i j for all g ∈ Sta b H ( T ij )
and form the orbit of x i j under H .

Since each Sta b H ( T i j ) are nonconjugate under H , h T i j ≠ T kl for all h ∈ H , i j≠ kl which implies
that h x i j ≠ x kl . Let y ∈ H x i j, then y=h' x i j for some h' ∈ H . Thus, y ≠ h' h−1 x kl so that y ∉ H x kl.
Moreover, since g x i j=x i j , there is exactly one point in every tile of T .
We consider two vertices that belongs to adjacent tiles in T and connect then by an edge E , then
we get the orbit of E under H . We continue this process until every pair of vertices that belongs
to adjacent tiles are connected by an edge. Consequently, a v -isogonal tiling T ¿, v=∑ ni , is
formed with vertices from H x1 1 ∪ H x 1 2 ∪ ⋯ ∪ H x k n . k
 (a) (b)

(c) (d)
Figure 1. (a) A 2-isohedral tiling by 3-gons and 6-gons with symmetry group
G= ⟨ P ,Q , R ⟩ ≅∗632; (b) the subgroup H= ⟨ P , R ,QRQ ⟩ ≅∗632;
(c) points x ij ∈T ij; and (d) the orbit of x ij under H .

Proof of Theorem 4.

Suppose H forms ∑ ni transitivity classes of tiles, then G T i=H T i 1 ∪ H T i 2 ∪ ⋯ ∪ H T i n for i=1 , … , k . i

Thus, |G T i|=|H T i1|+|H T i 2|+ ⋯ +| H T i n| . By the orbit-stabilizer theorem, we have

i

[ G :Sta bG ( T i ) ]= [ H : Sta b H ( T i1 ) ]+ [ H : Sta b H ( T i2 ) ]+ …+ [ H : Sta b H ( T i n ) ]

i

Multiplying both sides by [ Sta b G ( T i ) : H ] results to

[ G: H ] =[ Sta bG ( T i ) :Sta b H ( T i 1) ] + [ Sta bG ( T i ) :Sta b H ( T i 2 ) ] +…+ [ Sta bG ( T i) : Sta b H ( T in ) ]

i

or

[ G: H ] =∑
ni
|Sta bG ( T i )|
j=1 |Sta b H ( T ij )|

ni
|Sta b G ( T i )| = [ G : H ]
Conversely, suppose we have ∑ for alli=1 , … , k . Multiplying both sides by
j=1 |Sta b H ( T ij )|

[ H : Sta bG ( T i ) ] results to
 ni
|H|
∑ =[ G : Sta b G ( T i ) ]
j=1 |Sta b H ( T ij )|
By the orbit-stabilizer theorem, we have

|H T i1|+| H T i 2|+ ⋯ +| H T i n|=|G T i|.

i

Since T ij’s are nonconjugate, H forms ∑ ni transitivity classes of tiles.

References
[1] E. C. Taganap, Monocoronal tilings from isohedral tilings, PhD diss., Ateneo de Manila
University, Philippines (2017).