CHENNAI SAHODAYA SCHOOLS COMPLEX

COMMON EXAMINATION
Class-12
(BIOLOGY – 044/1)
Maximum Marks: 70 Time allowed: 3 hours

1. C (1)

2. B (1)

3. C (1)

4. C (1)

5. C (1)

6. D (1)

7. B (1)

8. A (1)

9. C (1)

10. C (1)

11. D (1)

12. A (1)

13. B (1)

14. C (1)

15. B (1)

16. A (1)

SECTION – B

17. A- Chasmogamous flower B- Cleistogamous flower. (1) (2)

Cleistogamous flowers – they have unexposed anther and stigma and therefore always show
self-pollination and assured seed set (1)
(or)
Apomictic seeds are produced without fertilization. (1)
To maintain hybrid characters (year after year in a desired plant) and to avoid buying
hybrid seeds every year (expensive seeds) farmers prefer using apomictic seeds (1)

18. i- Nucleosome (½) (2)

ii- Packaging of chromosome (1)
iii- Histone protein (½)

19. i- It responds in the same way to all germs and foreign substances, which is why it is (2)
sometimes referred to as the "nonspecific" immune system. (1)
ii- Lysozyme - present in saliva, sweat Skin. (any other relevant answer) (1)

20. Exo nuclease acts on the free ends of linear DNA molecule. Therefore, instead of producing (2)

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DNA fragments with sticky ends, it will shorten or completely degrade the DNA fragment
containing the gene of interest, and the circular plasmid (vector) will not get cut as it lacks
free ends.

21. i- It represents the number of tertiary consumers. (1) (2)

ii- PP- producers, for example, plant
SC – secondary consumer, for example- cat (1)

SECTION – C

22. (a) Small round head / furrowed tongue / partially open mouth / mental development (3)
retarded (any one)
(b) Both
(c) Klinefelter’s syndrome
(d) Male
(e) Lack of secondary sexual characters.
(f) Female 6x½=3

23. (a) The illustration represents adaptive radiation. (1) (3)

The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from
a point and radiating to other area of geography (habitats) is called adaptive radiation.
(1)
(b) Convergent evolution (1)
(or)
(a) According to hardy – weinberg principle, total genes and their alleles in a population are
gene pool remains constant. This is called genetic equilibrium. Sum total of all the
allelic frequencies is P2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 (1)
(b) Factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
(i) Gene migration or gene flow
(ii) Genetic drift any two (2)
(iii) Mutation
(iv) Genetic recombination

24. Bioactive Molecule Medicinal Value (3)

Produced

(i) Streptococcus Streptokinase Removes clot from the blood vessels

(ii) Monascus Statin Inhibits enzymes responsible for

purpureus synthesis of cholesterol. So is used as
cholesterol lowering agent.

(iii) Trichoderma Cyclosporin A Immunosuppressive agents used in

polysporum organ transplantion.

25. (a) Cells are treated with specific concentration of a divalent cation such as calcium to (3)
increase pore size in cell wall. The cells are incubated with recombinant DNA on ice,
following by placing them briefly at 40’C and then putted back on ice. This is called
heat shock treatment. (1)
(b) The DNA of bacteria or virus is modified with the desirable gene and introduced into
the plants or animals to get the desirable products. (1)
(c) Bacterial cell is treated with enzymes lysozyme.
Fungal cell is treated with chitinase. (1)

26. Bt cotton contains inactive toxins protein or protoxin. These are insecticidal proteins in the (3)

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form of crystal protein. Once the insect ingests its, the inactive protoxin is converted into
active form due to alkaline pH in the gut, which solubilise the crystals. The activated toxins
bind to the surface of midgut epithelial cells, thus creating pores which causes cell swelling
and lysis, eventually leading to the death of the insect pest.
Curve ‘a’ is exponential growth curve. When the resources (food + space) are unlimited,
27. (3)
this type of growth curve appears. (1)
Curve ‘b’ is logistic growth curve. When the resources become limited at certain point of
time, this type of growth curve appears. (1)
r = intrinsic rate of natural increase
K = carrying capacity (1)

28. (a) When a large habitat is broken into small fragments due to various activities , mammals (3)
and birds requiring large territories and certain animals with migratory habitats are
badly affected, leading to population decline. (1)
(b) (i) Nile perch introduced in Lake Victoria eventually led to the extinction of an
ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 species of cichlid fish.
(ii) Parthenium/ Lantana / water hyacinth caused environmental damage and threat to our
native species
(iii) African catfish- clarias gariepinus introduced for aquaculture purpose is posing a threat
to the indigenous catfishes in our rivers. (any one) (1)
(c) Yes: Humans have overexploited natural resources for their ‘greed’ rather than ‘need’
leading to extinction of these animals. Sustainable harvesting could have prevented
extinction of these species. (1)

SECTION – D

29. (4)
i. B
ii. C
iii. D
iv. C
v. A

30. (4)
i. B
ii. B
iii. D
iv. C
v A

SECTION – E

31. (a) Rice Genome: It is a joint project of National Institute of Aerobiological Sciences (5)
(NIAS), forestry and fisheries (STAFF), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
(NAFF), [9] Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture genome research program (2)

(b) Rice is taken as experiment crop because

 It belongs to grass family

 It has smaller genome and high diversity (1 ½)

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 It has co-linearity with wheat, barley and maize

(c)Application:

 Large varieties / number of rice mutants had been developed artificially.

 It helps in enhancing the molecular products.

 Rice genomics is an international open access committed to serve rice genome (1½)
research.

(or)

i) inducer (i)
ii) Operator (o)
iii) Permease (y) (3)

(2)

32. a) High levels of progesterone and estrogens during pregnancy suppresses the (5)
gonodotrophins which are required for the development of new follicles. Therefore a
new cycle cannot be inititated (2)
b) Gametogenesis insemination Fertilization implantation Gestation
Parturation (1)
c) HCG – Human chorionic gonadotrophins
HPL – Human Placental lactogen
Placenta (2)
(or)
 Rapid release of luteinising hormone ruptures Graafian follicle and release ovum
(ovulation). (1)
 Corpus luteum secretes large amount of progesterone hormone that is essential for
maintenance of the endometrium required for implantation of blastocyst leading to
pregnancy. (1)
 Placenta produces several hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human
placental lactogen (hPL). Relaxin is also produced during later phase of pregnancy. Level
of other hormones like estrogens , progestogens, cortisol, prolactin and throxine also
increases which is essential for supporting foetal growth, metabolic changes in mother
and maintenance of pregnancy. (1)
 Parturition signals originate from the fully developed foetus and the placenta induce mild
uterine contractions which triggers release of oxytocin from pituitary. Oxytocin acts on
the uterine muscle causing stronger uterine contractions. (1)
 Mammary glands undergo differentiation during pregnancy and produce milk by
lactation. Secretion and storage of milk occurs under influence of hormone. Prolactin

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secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary. Ejection of milk is stimulated by oxytocin from

posterior lobe of pituitary. (1)

33. (a) There will be 138 pink flower bearing plants and 69 white flower bearing plants (1) (5)
(b) Pink (Rr) selfing

(2)
Phenotypic ratio – red : pink : white (1)
1 : 2 : 1
Genotypic ratio – red : pink: white (1)
1 : 2 : 1
(or)

(a) Phenotype of F1 – Tall plants with yellow seeds. (½)

Genotype of F1 – TtYy (½)
(b) Phenotypic ratio of F2 generation:
Tall , yellow seeds : Tall , green seeds : Dwarf, yellow seeds : Dwarf, green seeds (½)
9 : 3 : 3 : 1

End of paper

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