Fake product detection using

blockchain technology
PROJECT SYNOPSIS
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE
DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

BY
NAME Registration No: Roll No:
ANIKET CHAKRABORTY 201420100210013 14200220049
DIBYENDU MUKHERJEE 201420100210018 14200220044
ROHAN GAZI 201420100210048 14200220014
SK ABDUL NASIR 201420100210050 14200220012

Under The Supervision

of
MR. INDRAJIT DAS
Assistant Professor of IT Department

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

MEGHNAD SAHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Techno Complex, Madurdaha, Beside NRI Complex, post-Uchhepota, Kolkata-700150

Affiliated by

DECEMBER 2023
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Synopsis Report which is being prepared based on the project entitled
“Fake Product Detection Using Blockchain Technology” for the partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of B.Tech. in Information Technology, submitted to the Department
of Information Technology of MEGHNAD SAHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOLY under
MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, KOLKATA is an
authentic record of our own work carried out during Odd Semester 2023 under the supervision of
Mr. Indrajit Das. The matter presented in this project has not been submitted by us in any other
University / Institute for any award.

_________________________
Signature of the Students
With Date
 Nazirabad, P.O. :Utchepota, Via Sonarpur, Kolkata 700 150

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
The foregoing project entitled “Fake Product Detection Using Blockchain Technology” is
hereby approved as a creditable study of an engineering subject carried out and presented in a
manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as prerequisite for the degree for which it has been
submitted. It is to be understood that by this approval the undersigned do not necessarily endorse
or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein but approve the
thesis only for the purpose for which it has been submitted.
__________________________

Board of Examiners __________________________

__________________________

__________________________

__________________________

Project Guide __________________________

Head of the Department __________________________

Date:
Place: [Departmental & College Seal]
 Abstract
Combating the growth of counterfeit products in today's global trade requires new and powerful
solutions. This abstract presents a comprehensive strategy to addressing this difficulty through the
use of blockchain technology, Ethereum-based Decentralized Applications (dapps), the Ethereum
Virtual Machine (EVM), smart contracts, QR codes, and web-based interfaces for false product
detection. The suggested approach builds confidence and transparency by using blockchain
technology, primarily Ethereum, to construct an immutable ledger for recording product ownership.
The blockchain's decentralized structure assures tamper-proof records, creating a secure and
transparent environment for tracking each product's lifecycle. The Ethereum Virtual Machine
(EVM) serves as the foundation for executing smart contracts, which automate critical procedures
in the identification of counterfeit goods. Smart contracts offer smooth product authentication, safe
ownership transfer, and the automatic activation of alarms in reaction to suspicious activity, thereby
strengthening the overall supply chain integrity. A web-based dapp provides a user-friendly
interface, providing a smooth contact point between users and the blockchain. The incorporation of
QR codes into each product simplifies the verification process even further, allowing customers to
quickly access blockchain records and determine the validity, origin, and ownership history of the
products. This comprehensive strategy not only provides consumers with simple and quick ways of
product verification, but it also provides enterprises with a powerful toolkit for combating the illicit
trafficking of counterfeit goods. This abstract sets the stage for an in-depth investigation of a
comprehensive solution that promises to transform the landscape of product authenticity in the
digital age by examining the synergies between blockchain, smart contracts, QR codes, and user-
friendly dapps.

Keywords: Counterfeit, Block chain, Ethereum, dapps, smart contracts, QR code

MSIT Page 1 of 18
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.

Abstract Page-1

Introduction ………………………………………………… Page-3

Related Work…………… ………………………………….. Page 4-9

Proposed Work………………….……………..…….………. Page 9-12

Conclusion …………………………………………………... Page-13

References……………………………………………………. Page 14-15

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1. INTRODUCTION

The global development of the product always comes with risk factors such as counterfeiting and
duplication which in turn can affect the company name, reputation, revenue and customer
satisfaction. Counterfeit items have emerged as a daunting barrier for consumers and businesses
alike in an era of global trade and digitization. Fake products not only harm brand reputation, but
they also endanger consumer safety, public health, and intellectual property. The need for strong
solutions to combat this threat is more pressing than ever. The use of blockchain technology,
Ethereum, and Decentralized Applications (dapps) to create a transparent and irreversible system
for recording product ownership, authenticity, and provenance is one such innovative method.
Blockchain technology, which was originally intended to be the fundamental technology for
cryptocurrencies, has evolved into a versatile platform that can be applied to a wide range of
disciplines, including supply chain management and anti-counterfeiting measures. It provides a
decentralized, tamper-proof ledger for recording transactions in a transparent and secure manner.
Ethereum, a prominent blockchain platform, makes it easier to create smart contracts and deploy
dapps that can perform predetermined operations autonomously. A full solution for phony product
identification can be constructed by exploiting Ethereum's features.
The proliferation of counterfeit products poses a multifaceted challenge. Not only does it
compromise consumer trust and safety, but it also inflicts financial losses on legitimate
manufacturers. Traditional methods of product authentication, often reliant on centralized
databases, lack the resilience to combat sophisticated counterfeiting practices. The need for a
decentralized, tamper-resistant solution led us to explore the integration of blockchain technology.
This solution revolves around the development of a dapp that combats counterfeit products by
utilizing Ethereum's blockchain, the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), and QR codes. Let us look
at the main components of this comprehensive approach:
The combination of these components results in a comprehensive solution for counterfeit product
detection. Users can use the dapp to not only verify the authenticity of products, but also track
their complete route from maker to current owner. Any suspect conduct, such as the introduction
of counterfeit products into the supply chain, can set off alarms and actions via smart contracts.
As a result, firms may address counterfeit issues ahead of time and increase consumer trust in their
products.
In a short note, the combination of blockchain technology, Ethereum's EVM, dapps, and QR codes
provides a powerful solution for detecting counterfeit goods, assuring transparency, and generating
trust in the marketplace. This new concept offers enormous promise in the ongoing struggle against
counterfeit products by tracking product ownership on an immutable ledger and automating
verification processes with smart contracts. In the pages that follow, we will go deeper into each
of these components and look at how they might be used in the fight against counterfeit goods.

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2. RELATED WORK

The author of this paper [1] introduces a decentralized blockchain system designed to prevent
product counterfeiting, focusing on cost-effective solutions for manufacturers and enhancing
consumer trust. Utilizing Ethereum's blockchain architecture, the system allows manufacturers to
verify product authenticity without the need for direct-operated stores. The overview explains
blockchain's decentralized nature, emphasizing its security, privacy, and transparency features.
The system design involves three key roles—Manufacturer, Seller, and Consumer—ensuring
transparent and secure product verification. Implementation details highlight the use of Ethereum
and Solidity, with a web-based interface. The testing section explores real-world costs, considering
gas prices and Ether-to-dollar conversion rates. The conclusion underscores the system's
effectiveness in combating counterfeiting, offering a low-cost alternative for manufacturers and
instilling confidence in consumers.

In this journal, the author [2] says Counterfeiting is a significant problem that poses threats to
consumers and manufacturers. To combat this issue, a blockchain-based system using QR codes
and barcodes can be employed. Each product's QR or barcode is linked to a blockchain, storing
product details and a unique code for verification. Customers can scan the code to determine if
the product is authentic or fake. If it is fake, customers are informed and the manufacturer is
notified. This approach allows consumers to independently verify product authenticity, reducing
reliance on merchants. A proposed system combines blockchain, QR codes, Firebase, and
MetaMask to create a robust solution for product authentication. The system allows
manufacturers to add and track products securely, while enabling customers to easily verify
authenticity. The working method involves using AI to detect counterfeit products through
unique QR codes linked to smart contracts. The system enhances customer trust, increases user
satisfaction, and saves manufacturers time and money in combating counterfeiting. In
conclusion, a smart contract-based blockchain system offers a secure and user-friendly solution
for anti-counterfeiting.

This paper [3] advocates for a decentralized blockchain system to combat product counterfeiting,
particularly beneficial for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) facing financial
constraints. The proposed system enables buyers to independently verify product authenticity,
reducing reliance on merchants. Manufacturers can provide genuine products without the need
for direct-operated stores, leading to significant cost savings. The anti-fraud program utilizes
blockchain technology, ensuring tamper-proof verification of product information and inventory.
The system operates through three key roles: Manufacturer, Merchant, and Buyer, each
contributing to a transparent and secure verification process. The login process involves private
key authentication, and identity verification is a crucial feature. The conclusion highlights the
system's ability to offer a cost-effective and transparent solution for authenticating products,
instilling confidence in both manufacturers and consumers.

[4] Fake products pose a challenge in today's world, impacting users and companies alike.
Blockchain technology offers a solution by verifying product authenticity. Blockchain stores

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information across multiple databases in a decentralized and secure manner. QR codes or unique
codes can be used to detect fake products by accessing the blockchain, where information about
the product and ownership is stored. Fake products affect both buyers and sellers, leading to
doubts about a company's quality and reputation. Counterfeiting is a growing problem that
affects companies, profits, and customer safety. Blockchain technology can ensure product
authenticity by creating a distributed ledger system for transaction data. A proposed system
called a decentralized application (dapp) will utilize the Ethereum network and smart contracts to
manage supply chains and product authentication. The system involves steps such as company
enrollment, product listing, shipping products to customers, and end user detail management.
The system architecture utilizes Ethereum-based smart contracts for interaction between users
and manufacturers. By using blockchain technology, trust can be established in the market,
preventing fraud and contributing to economic growth. Overall, blockchain technology provides
a secure and user-friendly system for trade.

The document discusses the problem of counterfeit products and proposes a method to prevent
them using cryptography, QR codes, and a webservice [5]. The method involves original product
manufacturers obtaining a cryptographic key pair, securely storing their private key, and
publishing their public key as a QR code on their website. They also need to print a unique item
code on their product packs and provide a QR code encoding the ciphertext generated by
encrypting the item code with their private key. Buyers can verify the product by scanning the
QR code with a mobile app that decrypts the ciphertext using the manufacturer's public key and
checks the item code and buyer's name in a webservice. The document also discusses the use of
blockchain technology and compares it to the proposed method. The method is cost-effective and
can be implemented by small manufacturers. The document provides implementation details,
including figures and a flowchart. The method has several beneficiaries, including original
manufacturers, the general public, governments, and counterfeit controlling authorities. The
adoption of the method is expected to grow rapidly once a few manufacturers implement it and
report their financial gains. The document concludes by discussing the results of running the
cryptographic and QR code operations and suggesting future work for conducting a proof of
concept.

The document [6] discusses the problem of counterfeit products in the supply chain industry and
proposes the use of blockchain technology to develop decentralized anti-counterfeiting and
traceability solutions. The existing centralized solutions are vulnerable to system failures,
malicious modifications, and attacks. The document highlights the advantages of decentralization
and identifies areas for improvement in the current centralized systems. It also introduces the
NFC-Enabled Anti-Counterfeiting System (NAS) as an example of a centralized solution and
performs a security analysis on it. The analysis identifies vulnerabilities in the system and
suggests that decentralization enabled by blockchain technology can enhance data integrity,
strengthen security, and improve system availability. The document concludes by discussing
potential concerns and considerations for developing decentralized solutions, including the need

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for a manageable system integration model, the degree of decentralization, limited scalability,
and potential security vulnerabilities.

The author in the document [7] discusses the use of blockchain technology in the pharmaceutical
industry to address the issue of counterfeit medicines. The current supply chain system in the
pharmaceutical industry lacks visibility and control, leading to the production and distribution of
counterfeit drugs. Blockchain technology can provide traceability, visibility, and security to the
drug supply chain. The proposed system would track the journey of drugs from manufacturing to
delivery to the patient, recording information in a blockchain. After a patient uses a drug, its
effect would be recorded for future reference. Only trusted parties would be allowed to join the
blockchain network and add records. The document also mentions the use of cryptography
algorithms and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for security. The proposed system
aims to protect public health, prevent counterfeit drugs, and enhance trust and transparency in the
pharmaceutical supply chain.

The discussion of [8] the development of an information system for verifying the authenticity of
goods using blockchain technology. The system aims to combat the issue of counterfeit goods in
the market, which causes financial losses for original goods producers and health risks for
buyers. The system works by creating a network of product manufacturers who generate
individual wallets for their goods and transfer ownership to buyers through QR codes on the
packaging. Buyers can scan the codes to determine if a product has been used before. The system
is implemented using Java programming language, with RSA and SHA256 algorithms for
encryption and hashing. The Spring Boot framework is used for software development
optimization. The document includes a detailed description of the software, system analysis,
selection of tools and technologies, and an economic analysis. Various methods of combating
counterfeiting are discussed, and serialization with blockchain technology is identified as the
most promising approach. The system analysis includes goal trees and decomposition diagrams
for each process. The software tools chosen for implementation include Java, Spring Boot,
JavaFX, GSON, Maven, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The document also highlights the
limitations and considerations for using the system, such as internet bandwidth and computing
resources. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of the development and
implementation of the information system for verifying the authenticity of goods based on
blockchain technology.

The document [9] discusses the use of blockchain technology to combat counterfeiting and
duplication of products. Counterfeiting poses risks to both the economy and the reputation of
genuine manufacturers, as well as to consumers. To address this issue, the proposed system
utilizes QR codes and barcodes connected to a blockchain to store product information and
verify authenticity. By scanning the code, customers can determine if a product is genuine or
counterfeit, and notifications are sent accordingly. The system aims to reduce reliance on
merchants and enhance consumer trust. It also provides benefits to manufacturers by enabling

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them to take legal action against counterfeiters. Overall, the blockchain-based application offers
a secure and user-friendly solution for trading, marking, and purchasing products.

The document proposes a system design that combines blockchain technology with the Know
Your Product Code (KYPC) [10] to detect and prevent counterfeit products in online and offline
sales. The system utilizes the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain development method and
encryption techniques to ensure the authenticity of products. It includes an anti-counterfeit web
portal that allows manufacturers, distributors, and retailers to monitor and track products. The
system architecture involves the integration of blockchain technology in supply chains and the
use of smart contracts. The document emphasizes the potential of blockchain technology in
combating counterfeiting and improving the authenticity and traceability of products. Testing
and validation of the proposed system are also discussed. Overall, the document provides a
comprehensive overview of the proposed system and its potential benefits in the fight against
counterfeiting.

In this document the author discusses the use of blockchain technology and QR codes for
detecting counterfeit products. Counterfeit products have become a global issue, and there is a
need for a system to verify the authenticity of products. The proposed system utilizes QR codes
linked to a blockchain database. Customers can scan the QR code to determine if the product is
genuine or fake. The system architecture includes customer and manufacturer applications, as
well as a cloud/database component. The document also mentions the use of Android Studio and
Firebase Cloud in the system. The SHA-256 algorithm [11] is used to generate QR codes, and
the blockchain technology ensures the security and immutability of transaction records. The
document concludes that the proposed system can effectively detect counterfeit products and
provide customers with product information.

The document discusses the use of blockchain technology to detect and prevent the
counterfeiting of products. Counterfeit products have a negative impact on industries, affecting
their reputation and profits. Blockchain technology, which is a distributed and decentralized
digital ledger, can provide transparency and security in transactions. The proposed system uses
Quick Response (QR) codes attached to products, which are linked to the blockchain network.
Customers can scan the QR code and compare it to the blockchain database to determine if the
product is genuine or fake. The document also mentions the use of smart contracts [12], the SHA
256 algorithm, and various tools and methodologies used in the development of the system. The
conclusion highlights the benefits of using blockchain technology in e-commerce and suggests
future improvements and challenges, such as advertising the website to customers. Overall, the
document emphasizes the importance of using blockchain technology to prevent counterfeiting
and ensure product authenticity.

The use of blockchain technology for identifying and combating counterfeit products is
discussed by the author of the document [13]. It highlights the financial, safety, and reputational
risks posed by counterfeit goods and emphasizes the need for a robust system to ensure the
authenticity of products. The proposed approach involves using QR codes and barcodes linked to

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a blockchain to store product details and guarantee the uniqueness of each product. If the code
matches, the customer is notified that the product is authentic, and if it doesn't match, the
customer is informed that the product is fake. The document also explores the use of blockchain
technology in detecting and preventing fake news in social media. It mentions the advantages of
blockchain's peer-to-peer network in verifying news stories and preventing the spread of
misinformation. The document provides references to related works in inventory management,
drug tracking, and brand protection in the wine industry. It also discusses the challenges in
detecting fake reviews and suggests potential applications of blockchain in healthcare, data
management, and e-voting. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for further
research in strengthening the legal framework and exploring the use of blockchain in various
domains.

The document discusses the use of blockchain technology for identifying and combating
counterfeit products. It highlights the negative impact of counterfeit goods on economic progress
and brand reputation. The paper proposes a prototype for identifying counterfeit products using
blockchain technology and discusses the software implementation process. It also mentions
existing systems and technologies used for anti-counterfeiting, such as RFID-based systems, AI-
based technology, and holographic barcodes [14]. The proposed blockchain system aims to
provide transparency and authenticity in the product supply chain, allowing consumers to verify
the originality of a product by scanning its QR code. The system features enhanced security,
decentralization, transparency, privacy, and increased efficiency. The document concludes by
discussing the future scope and potential benefits of blockchain technology in combating
counterfeit products. Overall, the paper emphasizes the importance of utilizing blockchain
technology to address the issue of counterfeit goods and protect consumers from purchasing fake
products.

The author of the document in [15] discusses the use of blockchain technology for identifying
fake products in the supply chain. It highlights the problem of counterfeit products and proposes
a system that allows customers to verify the authenticity of the products they are buying. The
system uses QR codes linked to the blockchain to store product details and generate unique
codes. Customers can scan the QR code and compare it against entries in the blockchain to
determine if the product is genuine. The document emphasizes the advantages of blockchain in
terms of security and transparency. It provides a step-by-step methodology for implementing the
system, including product enrollment, shipping, and end-user authentication. The results and
discussion section showcases how the system works by authenticating products through QR
codes. Scanning a QR code that shows product details proves authenticity, while the absence of
details indicates that the product is fake. The document also includes references to related
research papers on blockchain technology in supply chain management and anti-counterfeiting.

The implementation of a blockchain-based system to prevent product counterfeiting and ensure

the authenticity and traceability of genuine products in the supply chain is discussed in the paper.
The system utilizes data flow diagrams (DFD) to depict the flow of information [16] and

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operations within the system. It includes modules such as admin login, user login, OTP
verification, and QR code verification. The document also mentions the use of blockchain
certification and QR code generation for anti-fraud purposes. The system requirements,
implementation details, and module descriptions are provided. Additionally, the document
references related research papers on blockchain technology and anti-counterfeiting systems.
Overall, the document presents a comprehensive overview of the proposed system and its
potential benefits in combating counterfeit products.

3. PROPOSED WORK

Nowadays, with the advancement of technology and markets, the challenge of distinguishing
between original and copy has caused significant harm to customers, distributors, retailers, and
manufacturers. As a result, a blockchain-based application phony product detector is developed to
address this. This chapter summarizes the system's design, providing a detailed explanation of the
system's function and user interface. The idea is to employ blockchain technologies to create a
convenient, accurate, and low-cost anti-counterfeiting solution for products. The system is a
blockchain-based Android application that is used on a daily basis to detect counterfeit products.

The system's primary purpose is to overcome poor marketing and boost business economy.

1. To safeguard brand value and reduce duplication risks by establishing a phony product detection
system based on blockchain technology.
2. To secure and authenticate product details, which aids in product identification and traceability
across the supply chain.
3. All product details are encrypted and stored in a QR code or product ID, which aids in
identification and is stored in tamper-proof blockchain blocks for further security.
4. The manufacturer can enter product details, and the system generates a QR code that merchants
and distributors can use for tracking, as well as customers to confirm they are acquiring genuine
products.

The system is made up of both manufacturer and customer part applications:

i. Manufacture End: The company after verifying the email address for registration and
authentication. They can log in to the system and add new products/items, as well as upload
product details with a system-generated QR code that stores all of the products' details.
Serializing the QR code is also recommended for added security and product tracking. The
product details will be saved in a database, and the QR code will be rendered tamper proof
utilizing a secure graphic technique that makes the QR code copy sensitive, meaning that
when copied, the information will be lost and printed irrevocably.

ii. Customer End: The customer must register/login using their email address and password.
Following the completion of user authentication, the product launches with a scan button to
scan the product's QR code. The user in this case is a customer who wants to know if the
goods is genuine or not. In blocks, the customer's unique scanned code will be compared to

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 the code generated by the manufacturer. The user will then be notified of the product's
validity. Customers can review product facts such as name, manufacturing year, price, total
quality, product quality, and manufacturer information.

MetaMask, a software bitcoin wallet used to connect with the Ethereum blockchain, is another
crucial component of the project. It enables users to interact with decentralized applications by
allowing them to access their Ethereum wallet via a browser extension or mobile app.
Users can use MetaMask to store and manage account keys, broadcast transactions, transfer and
receive Ethereum-based coins and tokens, and securely connect to decentralized applications using
a suitable web browser or the built-in browser of the mobile app. Developers integrate Metamask
to their decentralized applications by defining interactions between Metamask and Smart Contracts
using a JavaScript plugin such as Web3js or Ethers.

Figure 1: System Architecture

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QR Codes:

QR (Quick Response) code is a two dimensional, mostly square shaped, matrix populated with
black data modules on a white background. A QR code can encode data of different forms such as
byte, numeric alphanumeric, Chinese, Japanese and Korean characters. The information encoded
in a QR code can be decoded with a handheld scanner or a QR code scanner app installed on a
smart phone. A QR code can encode as many as 7,089 numeric characters or 2,953 alphanumeric
characters. A thick white border called the quiet zone differentiates a QR code from its background
images. A QR code structure mainly comprises a finder pattern that allows the decoding software
to identify the QR code and determine its orientation, separators to boost the recognition of finder
patterns, a timing pattern that determines a single module’s width, a format information section
that stores data about the QR code error correction rate, and a data section that holds the actual
data encoded in the QR code. Nowadays QR codes are used to achieve many things such as to
encode business cards, download files, link to a Google Map, show YouTube videos, make mobile
payments, connect to a social network and connect to an app store and website

Language of Programming and System Structure:

The blockchain technology is known for its immutable and decentralized properties. It keeps track
of all the transaction that take place on the given blockchain. Taking advantage of these features
we can introduce blockchain for managing the supply chains or product authentication purposes.
The proposed system will be a Dapp i.e., a decentralized application which will be using Ethereum
network as the main blockchain for keeping all the records and managing the transactions
regarding the products of the companies listed on Dapp. The reason for implementing system on
Ethereum as the back end Blockchain operating system, with Solidity, Ethereum's proprietary
programming language, serving as the high-level programming language for creating smart
contracts. Smart contracts can define rules, like a regular contract, and automatically enforce them
via the code. The smart contract once deployed cannot be deleted and the interactions made with
it are irreversible in nature so the record of transaction made with smart contract is immutable and
is available to all users on the given blockchain. Solidity enables inheritance, library import, and
other features. Solidity is intended for use with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Solidity,
unlike Bitcoin's scripts, supports loops and is Turing complete. The public smart contract on the
system is built on Ethereum's Blockchain. The user interface that the user sees is a mobile
application. The http server suite, which is offered by node.js and web3, is used on the server side.
JavaScript is used to connect the smart contract to the user interface. After configuring the server,
the Private Chain and Address information can be linked.

WORKING METHODOLOGY:

• The system will detect counterfeit products utilizing QR (Quick response) codes, where the QR
code is linked to smart contracts to scan the code using smart phones or other scanner devices.
This will indicate whether the products are genuine or counterfeit.

• A company will be granted permission to upload the product after verifying its email address
and completing the registration process and upload the details using system produced QR code.

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• The product information includes the brand and product name, as well as the manufacture year,
price, total amount, and quality of the product and also the details of manufacturer. This will be
saved in a database, and a QR code will be generated and will be stored in decentralized block
using Blockchain technology.

• Each block transaction will include a unique QR code that cannot be reused by the producer for
another product.

• By using serialized QR codes to display product information, engage customers, and enhance
sales, manufacturers can make the tracing and identification process more secure and reliable.

• Before scanning the QR or barcode of the product, the customer must register/login to the
system.

• Following user authentication, the unique scanned code from the customer will be compared to
the code provided by the manufacturer and saved in smart contract blocks.

• If the code matches, the user will be told that the product is genuine, complete with all of its
details and an official certificate from the database.

• If the code does not match, the user will be warned that the product is a forgery, which can
prevent the purchase of a forged goods, which could result in major health or financial damages.

• If a product is false, the user's location will be retrieved with permission, and an alarm will be
given to the manufacturer, who will be able to pursue further legal action against the distributor,
retailer, and black-market producer. This boosts customer trust in merchants and increases user
pleasure, while also saving manufacturers time and money in battling defamation and lost
revenues due to fraudulent manufacturers.

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4. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, research on fake product detection using blockchain, Ethereum, smart contracts, and
QR code technology has revealed a promising path for tackling the ongoing difficulties of
counterfeit products in the global marketplace. Implementing a decentralized application (dapp)
that leverages the Ethereum blockchain, Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) for solidity, and smart
contracts provides a strong framework for improving transparency, traceability, and trust in product
ownership. As we approach deployment, it is critical to highlight the possible impact of this
technology on the broader ecosystem. The blockchain's immutability assures that the recorded
product ownership data is tamper-resistant, offering an unrivaled record against counterfeiting
methods. Smart contracts that run on the Ethereum platform not only automate the verification
process, but also enforce established rules without the use of intermediaries, simplifying and
safeguarding transactions. Furthermore, the incorporation of QR code technology in the
experiments will be critical. QR codes provide as a link between physical products and the
blockchain, providing an easy-to-use method of authenticating product legitimacy. The data
collected by these studies will help to improve the dapp's user interface, fix any potential issues,
and improve the overall user experience. The common quest of a more secure and trustworthy
global marketplace characterizes the process from conceptualization to execution. The ongoing and
future experiments are prepared to carry this idea forward, providing a practical answer to the
pervasive problem of counterfeit goods. We hope to reduce the economic impact of counterfeiting
by utilizing the power of blockchain and Ethereum. We also hope to promote a consumer-centric
environment where trust and transparency reign supreme. We envision a future in which the
seamless integration of technology protects the authenticity and integrity of products in every area
of the market.

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REFERENCES

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