Simplified LCA Materials - Edith Colomba 2006

System ENEA - Comparaison per m2
Fibers Carbon fibre I
Carbon fibre I;Peebles, L.H., Carbon fibers:formation,structure and properties. Boca Ro

Material
energy data from: Lee, S.M. et al., 'The beneficial energy and environmental impact of
description
unexpected bonus' SAMPE Journal vol.27, 1991;Source: IDEMAT 2001;
Categories of
Materials
materials
Binders Cement (Portland) I
CASE 1
Bricks Light clay brick, at plant/DE S

Insulation Glasswooll (da IVAM)
Categories of
Materials
materials
CASE 2
Bricks Light clay brick, at plant/DE S

Insulation Rock wool, packed, at plant/CH S
Bricks Brick, at plant/RER S
Metals Steel ETH S
Overall impact Eco-Indicator 99
16
14
12
38
10
36
8
34
6
32
4
30
2 28
16
14
12
38
10
36
8
34
6
32
4
30
2
28
0 26
E-I Transport Impact E-I Material Impact EPS Tran
System ENEA - Comparaison per quantity (kg)

Base plaster, at plant/CH S;Translated name: Grundputz, ab Werk;Included
processes: Includes the whole manufacturing process to produce base
Coverings Base plaster, at plant/CH S
plaster (raw material provision, raw material mixing, packing, and storage),
transports to plant, and infrastructure. No requirements for administration are
included. No additional buildings and land-use have been taken into account
as it is assumed that the mixing process takes place in an existing building of
the sand/cement industry or on the construction site;Remark: The raw
materials are mixed in following ratio: sand: 0.772kg, cement: 0.205kg, lime
hydrated: 0.023kg, additives: 0.0002kg. After mixing it is internally
transported to the packing installation and packed. For the use 0.082 kg
water has to be added (not included in this module). No direct process
Material
emissions are taken into account as they play a subordinate role compared
description
to the emissions of the raw material production (e.g. drying of silica sand)
and because no data are available. For inventoring the infrastructure, a
yearly production amount of 150'000 tons is assumed. The lifespan of the
machines is assumed to be 20 years.; Geography: The amount of raw
materials is based on estimations. The transportation distance is an
estimation. For the infrastructure RER-, for the silica sand DE- and for the
organic chemicals GLO-modules are used as proxy;Technology: Assumed
average current technology. The raw materials are mixed in a certain ratio,
transported to the packing installation and packed.;Version: 1.2;Synonyms:
Zementputz;Energy values: Undefined;Production volume: unknown;Source:
Ecoinvent system processes;
Categories of
Materials
materials
MAT 1 Binders Blast furnace slag cement, at plant/CH S
MAT 2 Bricks Refractory, fireclay, packed, at plant/DE S
MAT 3 Concrete Concrete (reinforced) I
MAT 4 Bricks Refractory, basic, packed, at plant/DE S
MAT 5
MAT 6
MAT 7
Comparaison Eco-Indicator 99
4.5
3.5
3 Impact Tranport E-I

2.5 Impact Materials E-I
Comparaison Eco-Indicator 99
4.5
3.5
3 Impact Tranport E-I

2.5 Impact Materials E-I
1.5
0.5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
System ENEA - Energy and solar supplies
Photovoltaic Electricity 100kWp sound absorbing wall S
Electricity 100kWp sound absorbing wall S;Electricity from 100kWp SSW-

Anlage, original German title: Strom ab 100 kWp SSW-Anlage.;Total
aggregated system inventory. This is a single results record of the similar unit
process. Small differences can occur due to rounding.;Production of
electricity from 100kWp power plant mounted on a noise absorbing wall
along a Swiss highway with a polycrystalline (p-Si) cell type. ;The inventory
Description tables include quartz reduction, silicon, wafer and panel production,
manufacturing of converter and supporting structure and 30 years of
operation. Furthermore transports of materials, energy carriers, semi-finished
products and the complete power plant, waste treatment processes for
production waste and end of life waste are considered. Air- and waterborne
process specific pollutants are included as well.;Source: ETH-ESU 96
System processes;
Categories of
energy or Kind of energy or supply
supply
MAT 1 Photovoltaic Electricity 100kWp sound absorbing wall S
MAT 2 Heat Heat, natural gas, at boiler condensing modulating <100kW/RER S
MAT 5 Photovoltaic Electricity 3kWp facade roof m-Si Lam/integrated S
Total impact - E-I

Total impact - E-I
Column AC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Road
formation,structure and properties. Boca Rotan: CRC Press Inc., 1995.

Transport
neficial energy and environmental impact of composite materials-un
description
, 1991;Source: IDEMAT 2001;
Specific weight kind of

Recyclable Thickness (m) Quantity (kg)
(kg/m3) tranport
no 0.015 22.5 1500 Road
yes 0.250 237.5 950 Road
yes 0.080 2.4 30 Road
no 0.015 22.5 1500 Road
0
0
0
Specific weight kind of

Recyclable Thickness (m) Quantity (kg)
(kg/m3) tranport
no 0.015 22.5 1500 Road
yes 0.25 237.5 950 Road
yes 0.065 11.18 172 Road
yes 0.04 43 1075 Road
no 0.015 27 1800 Road
0
0
Overall impact EPS 2000
38
36
34
32
30
28
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
EPS Transport Impact EPS Material Impact
me: Grundputz, ab Werk;Included

ng process to produce base
Road Transport, lorry 40t/CH S
l mixing, packing, and storage),
equirements for administration are Transport, lorry 40t/CH S;Translated name:
use have been taken into account Transport, Lkw 40t;Included processes:
kes place in an existing building of operation of vehicle; production,
ction site;Remark: The raw maintenance and disposal of vehicles;
0.772kg, cement: 0.205kg, lime construction and maintenance and disposal
er mixing it is internally of road.;Remark: Inventory refers to the
packed. For the use 0.082 kg entire transport life cycle. For road
module). No direct process infrastructure, expenditures and
Transport environmental interventions due to
ay a subordinate role compared
description construction, renewal and disposal of roads
tion (e.g. drying of silica sand)
entoring the infrastructure, a have been allocated based on the Gross
s assumed. The lifespan of the tonne kilometre performance.
graphy: The amount of raw Expenditures due to operation of the road
sportation distance is an infrastructure, as well as land use have
the silica sand DE- and for the been allocated based on the yearly vehicle
as proxy;Technology: Assumed kilometre performance. For the attribution
ials are mixed in a certain ratio, of vehicle share to the transport
packed.;Version: 1.2;Synonyms: performance a vehicle life time
duction volume: unknown;Source: performance of 5.23E06 tkm/vehicle have
been assumed.; Geography: The data for
vehicle operation and road infrastructure
reflect Swiss conditions. Data for vehicle
manufacturing and maintenance
Recyclable Quantity (kg) kind of tranport transport km
represents generic European data. Data for
the vehicle disposal reflect Swiss
yes 10 Road Transport, lorry 32t/RER
situation.;Technology: ForSvehicle500
yes 10 Road operation
Transport, lorry 32t/RER S are included
all technologies 200 in
no 30 Road the average data. Road
Transport, lorry 32t/RER S construction
100
comprises bitumen and concrete roads.
no 20 Road Transport, lorry 32t/RER
For the manufacturing of S
vehicles,400
the data
reflects current modern
technologies ;Version: 1.2;Synonyms:
truck, Heavy Duty Vehicle,
Lastwagen;Energy values:
Undefined;Source: Ecoinvent system
processes;
Comparaison EPS 2000
Tranport E-I
Materials E-I 30
25
Comparaison EPS 2000
Tranport E-I
Materials E-I 30
25
20 Impact Tranport EPS
15 Impact Materials EPS
10
5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Electricity from 100kWp SSW-

kWp SSW-Anlage.;Total
gle results record of the similar unit
o rounding.;Production of
ed on a noise absorbing wall
e (p-Si) cell type. ;The inventory
er and panel production,
structure and 30 years of
als, energy carriers, semi-finished
ste treatment processes for
considered. Air- and waterborne
well.;Source: ETH-ESU 96
Quantity (kWh)
2
dulating <100kW/RER S
2
Total impact - Impact 2000

Total impact - Impact 2000
Column AC Column AE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S;Translated name: Transport,
Lkw 28t;Included processes: operation of vehicle;
production, maintenance and disposal of vehicles;
construction and maintenance and disposal of
road.;Remark: Inventory refers to the entire transport
life cycle. For road infrastructure, expenditures and
environmental interventions due to construction,
renewal and disposal of roads have been allocated
based on the Gross tonne kilometre performance.
Expenditures due to operation of the road
infrastructure, as well as land use have been
allocated based on the yearly vehicle kilometre
performance. For the attribution of vehicle share to
the transport performance a vehicle life time
performance of 3.14E06 tkm/vehicle have been
transport
assumed.; Geography: km
The data for vehicle operation CASE1 - Materials Impact (overall)
and road infrastructure reflect Swiss conditions. Data
Transport,
for lorry 16t/RER Sand maintenance
vehicle manufacturing 26 Eco-Indicator 99 7.7162
represents generic European
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S data. Data for the
143 EPS 2000 30.521875
vehicle disposal reflect Swiss situation.;Technology:
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S 54
For vehicle operation all technologies are included in
Impact 2000 0.0135295
Transport,
the averagelorry 16t/CH
data. RoadSconstruction comprises26 Transport Impact (overall)
bitumen and concrete roads. For the manufacturing of Eco-Indicator 99 0.98513554
vehicles, the data reflects current modern
technologies ;Version: 1.2;Synonyms: truck, Heavy
EPS 2000 2.35237255
Duty Vehicle, Lastwagen;Energy values: Impact 2000 0.00334937372
Undefined;Source: Ecoinvent system processes;
transport km CASE 2 - Materials Impact (overall)
Transport, lorry 16t/CH S 26 Eco-Indicator 99 12.89548

Transport, lorry 28t/CH S 143 EPS 2000 33.341375
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S 77 Impact 2000 0.03362933
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S 64 Transport Impact (overall)
Transport, lorry 28t/CH S 92 Eco-Indicator 99 1.121260464
EPS 2000 2.67829308
Impact 2000 0.003811337352
Overall impact IMPACT 2000
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
I-2000 Transport Impact I-2000 Material Impact
MATERIAL IMPACT (total)
Eco-indicator 99 EPS 2000
0.129 2.65
1.01 2.99
1.182 15.72
4.34 29.4
0 0
0 0
0 0
Comparaison Impact 2002
0.014
0.012
0.01
Impact transport I-20
0.008 Impact Materials I-20
Comparaison Impact 2002
0.014
0.012
0.01
0.008 Impact Materials I-20
0.006
Impact Tranport EPS
Impact Materials EPS 0.004
0.002
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Energy and supply IMPACT (total)
Eco-indicator 99 EPS 2000
4.90280777537797E-08 2.65658747300216E-06
0 0
0 0
0 0
3.08135349172066E-08 2.18142548596112E-06
0 0
0 0
Total impact - EPS

Total impact - EPS
Column AD
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
CASE 1 E-I - Impact overall CASE 1 EPS - Impact overall
E-I Material Impact 7.7162 EPS Material Impact

E-I Transport Impact 0.985136 EPS Transport Impact
CASE 2 E-I - Impact overall CASE 2 EPS - Impact overall
E-I Material Impact 12.89548 EPS Material Impact

E-I Transport Impact 1.12126 EPS Transport Impact
PACT (total) TRANSPORT IMPACT (total)
Impact 2002 Eco-indicator 99 EPS 2000 Impact 2002
0.000773 0.103 0.253 0.0003655

0.0033 0.0412 0.1012 0.0001462
0.001572 0.0618 0.1518 0.0002193
0.01298 0.1648 0.4048 0.0005848
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Comparaison Cost £/quantity
1600
1400
1200
1000 Cost £/quantity
Impact Materials I-2002
800
Comparaison Cost £/quantity
1600
1400
1200
1000 Cost £/quantity
Impact Materials I-2002
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y IMPACT (total)
Impact 2002
1.72066234701224E-10
0
0
0
1.13750899928006E-10
0
0
EPS - Impact overall CASE 1 I-2000 - Impact overall COST per kg
30.521875 I-2000 Material Impact 0.0135295 12

2.35237255 I-2000 Transport Impact 0.003349374 17
50
27
TOTAL
EPS - Impact overall CASE 2 I-2000 - Impact overall COST per kg
33.341375 I-2000 Material Impact 0.03362933 12

2.67829308 I-2000 Transport Impact 0.003811337 17
50
27
TOTAL
COST per kg
12
17
50
27
ity
Cost £/quantity
ity
Cost £/quantity
7
COST (overall)
270
4037.5
120
607.5
0
0
0
5035
COST (overall)
270
4037.5
559
1161
0
0
0
6027.5
COST (overall)
120
170
1500
540
0
0
0
ASSESSMENT
yes
Recyclable
no
CONSTRUCTION
Binders Blast furnace slag cement, at plant/CH S

Bitumen Cement (CORUS) I
Bricks Cement (Portland) I
Concrete Cement (Portland) I modificato
Coverings Cement ETH S
Insulation Cement mortar, at plant/CH S
Paints Cement, unspecified, at plant/CH S
Fibers Clay, pellets
Glass Light mortar, at plant/CH S
Laminates Portland calcareous cement, at plant/CH S
Metals Portland cement, strenght class Z 42.5, at plant/CH S
Wood Portland cement, strength class Z 52.5, at plant/CH S
Portland slag sand cement, at plant/CH S
Stucco, at plant/CH S
Asfalto
Bitumen refinery CH S
Bitumen refinery Europe S
Bitumen, at refinery/CH S
Bitumen, at refinery/RER S
Brick, at plant/RER S
Ceramics I
Light clay brick, at plant/DE S
Refractory, basic, packed, at plant/DE S
Refractory, fireclay, packed, at plant/DE S
Refractory, high aluminium oxide, packed, at plant/DE
S
Sand-lime brick, at plant/DE S
Autoclaved aerated concrete block, at plant/CH S
Concrete (reinforced) I
Concrete (reinforced) Rck 300 I dust da IVAM+H2O
Concrete block, at plant/CH S
Crushed concrete I
Lightweight concrete block, expanded clay, at
plant/CH
LightweightS concrete block, expanded perlite, at
plant/CH
LightweightS concrete block, expanded vermiculite, at
plant/CH
LightweightS concrete block, polystyrene, at plant/CH S
Lightweight concrete block, pumice, at plant/DE S
Acrylic filler, at plant/RER S
Base plaster, at plant/CH S
Cement cast plaster floor, at plant/CH S
Ceramic tiles, at regional storage/CH S
Clay plaster, at plant/CH S
Cover coat, mineral, at plant/CH S
Cover coat, organic, at plant/CH S
Fibre cement corrugated slab, at plant/CH S
Fibre cement facing tile, at plant/CH S
Fibre cement roof slate, at plant/CH S
Gypsum fibre board, at plant/CH S
Gypsum plaster board, at plant/CH S
Roof tile, at plant/RER S
Thermal plaster, at plant/CH S
Cellulose fibre, inclusive blowing in, at plant/CH S
Cork slab, at plant/RER S
Exfoliated vermiculite, at plant/kg/CH U
Fibra di legno slab, at plant (da Cork slab, at
plant/RER U - slab,
fibra di legno smp6)at plant/RER S (da Cork slab)
Fibra di legno, u=20% at plant (da Wood wool,
u=20%, at plant/RER
Foam glass, U) S
at plant/CH
Glass wool mat, at plant/CH S
Glasswool(da IVAM) 1 kg
Glasswooll (da IVAM)
Isolkenaf produzione (con boro)+poliestere
Mineral wool ETH S
Polystyrene foam slab, at plant/RER S
Polystyrene slab espanso estruso(XPS)
Rock wool, at plant/CH S
Rock wool, packed, at plant/CH S
Tube insulation, elastomere, at plant/DE S
Urea formaldehyde foam slab, hard, at plant/CH S
Urea formaldehyde foam, in situ foaming, at plant/CH
S
Acrylic varnish, 87.5% in H2O, at plant/RER S
Alkyd paint, white, 60% in H2O, at plant/RER S
Alkyd paint, white, 60% in solvent, at plant/RER S
Alkyd varnish ETH S
Paint ETH S
Aramid st gr I
Carbon fibre I
Glass fibre I
Flat glass, coated, at plant/RER S
Flat glass, uncoated, at plant/RER S
Float glass coated ETH S
Float glass uncoated ETH S
Glass fibre, at plant/RER S
Glass tube, borosilicate, at plant/DE S
Solar collector glass tube, with silver mirror, at
plant/DE S low-iron, at regional storage/RER S
Solar glass,
Glare 1-3/2-0.3 I
Glare 3-3/2-0.2 I
Glare 3-6/5-0.4 I
Glare 4-6/5-0.4 I
Cast iron ETH S
Cast iron, at plant/RER S
Converter steel ETH S
Crude iron ETH S
Crude iron I
ECCS steel sheet
Electro steel ETH S
Pig iron, at plant/GLO S
Reinforcing steel, at plant/RER S
Steel ETH S
Steel high alloy ETH S
Steel I
Steel low alloy ETH S
fibra di legno, u=20%
fibra di legno, u=20% (con legno in peso) (da Wood
wool)
Wood board ETH S
Wood massive ETH S
TRANSPORT
Rail Transport, freight, rail/RER S

Road Transport, lorry 16t/CH S
Transport, lorry 16t/RER S
Transport, lorry 32t/RER S
ENERGY
Photovoltaic
Electricity Electricity 100kWp sound absorbing wall S
Heat Electricity 3kWp facade roof m-Si Lam/integrated S
Heat pump Electricity 3kWp facade roof m-Si Pan/mounted S
Solar Electricity 3kWp facade roof p-Si Lam/integrated S
Electricity 3kWp facade roof p-Si Pan/mounted S
Electricity 3kWp flat roof m-Si S
Electricity 3kWp flat roof p-Si S
Electricity 3kWp slope roof m-Si Lam/integrated S
Electricity 3kWp slope roof m-Si Pan/mounted S
Electricity 3kWp slope roof p-Si Lam/integrated S
Electricity 3kWp slope roof p-Si Pan/mounted (BO)
Electricity 3kWp slope roof p-Si Pan/mounted S
Electricity solar power plant PHALK 500 S
Electricity, photovoltaic, at 3kWp facade , mc-Si,
laminated, integrated/CH
Electricity, S 3kWp facade , pc-Si,
photovoltaic, at
laminated, integrated/CH
Electricity, photovoltaic, atS 3kWp facade installation,
mc-Si, panel,
Electricity, mounted/CH
photovoltaic, atS3kWp facade installation,
pc-Si, panel,
Electricity, mounted/CHatS3kWp flat roof installation,
photovoltaic,
mc-Si/CH Sphotovoltaic, at 3kWp flat roof installation,
Electricity,
pc-Si/CH S photovoltaic, at 3kWp slanted-roof , mc-Si,
Electricity,
future/CH
Electricity,Sphotovoltaic, at 3kWp slanted-roof , mc-Si,
laminated,
Electricity, integrated/CH S 3kWp slanted-roof , mc-Si,
photovoltaic, at
panel, mounted/CH
Electricity, S
photovoltaic, at 3kWp slanted-roof , pc-Si,
future/CH S
Electricity, photovoltaic, at 3kWp slanted-roof , pc-Si,
laminated,
Electricity, integrated/CH S 3kWp slanted-roof , pc-Si,
photovoltaic, at
panel, mounted/CH
Electricity, S mix photovoltaic, at plant/CH S
production
Electricity, low voltage, production UCTE, at
grid/UCTE
Electricity, Shigh voltage, production UCTE, at
grid/UCTE
Heat gas B250S
Heat, natural gas, at boiler atm. low-NOx condensing
non-modulating
Heat, natural gas,<100kW/RER S
at boiler atmospheric low-NOx non-
modulating <100kW/RER S
Heat, natural gas, at boiler atmospheric non-
modulating
Heat, natural<100kW/RER
gas, at boilerS condensing modulating
<100kW/RER S
Heat, natural gas, at boiler condensing modulating
>100kW/RER
Heat, S
natural gas, at boiler fan burner low-NOx non-
modulating
Heat, natural gas, at boilerS fan burner non-modulating
<100kW/RER
<100kW/RER S
Heat, natural gas, at boiler modulating <100kW/RER S
Heat, natural gas, at boiler modulating >100kW/RER S
Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER S
Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace low-NOx
>100kW/RER
Heat, air-waterS heat pump 10kW, at heat radiator/CH S
Heat, air-water heat pump 10kW, at heat radiator/CH S
Heat, at air-water heat pump 10kW/CH S
Heat, at air-water heat pump 10kW/RER S
Heat, at heat pump 30kW, allocation electricity/CH S
Heat, at heat pump 30kW, allocation energy/CH S
Heat, at heat pump 30kW, allocation exergy/CH S
Heat, at heat pump 30kW, allocation heat/CH S
Heat, at heat pump 30kW, allocation price/CH S
Heat, borehole heat exchanger, at brine-water heat
pump 10kW/CHheat
Heat, borehole S exchanger, at brine-water heat
pump 10kW/RER
Heat, borehole S exchanger, brine-water heat pump
heat
10kW, at heat radiator/CH
Heat, borehole S
heat exchanger, brine-water heat pump
10kW, at heat radiator/RER
Heat from MFD FK1 hybrid S S
Heat from MFD FK1 solar S
Heat from MFD FK3 hybrid S
Heat from MFD FK3 solar S
Heat from SFD FK1 hybrid S
Heat from SFD FK1 solar S
Heat from SFD vacuum hybrid S
Heat from SFD vacuum solar S
Heat, at flat plate collector, multiple dwelling, for hot
water/CH
Heat, S plate collector, one-family house, for
at flat
combined
Heat, at flatsystem/CH S
plate collector, one-family house, for hot
water/CH S
Heat, at hot water tank, solar+electric, flat plate,
multiple dwelling/CH
Heat, at hot S solar+gas, flat plate, multiple
water tank,
dwelling/CH
Heat, S
at hot water tank, solar+gas, flat plate, one-
family house/CH S
Heat, at solar+gas heating, flat plate, one-family
house,
Heat, atcombined
solar+gassystem/CH S collector, one-family
heating, tube
house,
Heat, atcombined
solar+wood system/CH S plate, one-family
heating, flat
house,atcombined
Heat, system/CH
tube collector, S
one-family house, for
combined system/CH S
Eco-Indicator 99 [Pt] EPS 2000 Impact 2002
Recycle No Recycle Recycle No Recycle Recycle
0.0129 0.0146 0.265 0.269 0.0000773

0.0407 0.0424 0.481 0.485 0.0000552
0.0505 0.0522 0.556 0.56 0.0000841
0.052 0.0537 0.567 0.571 0.0000898
0.0289 0.0306 0.216 0.22 0.000176
0.00635 0.00806 0.133 0.137 0.0000341
0.0194 0.0211 0.461 0.465 0.000123
0.0342 0.0359 0.326 0.33 0.000104
0.0217 0.0234 0.226 0.23 0.0001
0.0184 0.0201 0.435 0.439 0.000116
0.0208 0.0225 0.498 0.502 0.000132
0.0212 0.0229 0.504 0.508 0.000135
0.0184 0.0201 0.425 0.429 0.000116
0.011 0.0127 0.0341 0.0382 0.000028
0.183 0.184 0.813 0.817 0.000376
0.227 0.228 0.979 0.983 0.000462
0.228 0.23 1.02 1.02 0.00047
0.243 0.245 0.212 0.216 0.000451
0.244 0.245 0.236 0.24 0.000467
0.0134 0.0612 0.0624 0.0965 0.000052
0.0212 0.0229 0.128 0.132 0.0000488
0.0208 0.0225 0.00917 0.0132 0.0000344
0.215 0.217 1.47 1.47 0.000643
0.101 0.103 0.299 0.303 0.00033
0.173 0.175 0.296 0.3 0.000333
0.0064 0.00811 0.0613 0.0654 0.0000251
0.017 0.0187 0.201 0.205 0.0000778
0.0377 0.0394 0.52 0.524 0.0000463
0.019 0.207 0.237 0.241 0.0000457
0.0045 0.0062 0.0943 0.0984 0.0000221
0.00265 0.00436 0.00658 0.0106 0.000000412
0.03 0.00317 0.139 0.143 0.000122
0.0818 0.0835 0.464 0.468 0.000269
0.0403 0.042 0.145 0.149 0.000145
0.104 0.106 4.66 4.66 0.000368
0.0101 0.0118 0.2 0.204 0.0000438
0.05467 0.0563 0.355 0.359 0.000149
0.00719 0.00889 0.138 0.142 3.80E-05
0.00622 0.00792 0.125 0.129 3.18E-05
0.254 0.256 1 1.01 0.00113
0.00125 0.00295 0.0225 0.0265 4.60E-05
0.0101 0.0118 0.0434 0.0475 2.87E-05
0.0243 0.026 0.181 0.185 6.62E-05
0.0337 0.0354 0.519 0.523 0.000155
0.0486 0.0503 0.57 0.574 0.0002
0.04 0.0417 0.556 0.561 0.000171
0.0305 0.0322 0.118 0.122 0.000102
0.0348 0.0365 0.148 0.152 0.000114
0.0196 0.0213 0.0897 0.0937 7.71E-05
0.0639 0.0656 3.8 3.8 0.00023
0.0442 0.0694 0.506 0.659 0.000142
0.168 0.193 0.547 0.7 0.000564
0.000516 0.0246 0.0011 0.153 2.40E-06
0.0566 0.0818 0.309 0.462 0.00029
0.0566 0.0818 0.309 0.462 0.00029
0.0154 0.0406 0.0644 0.0878 7.90E-05
0.18 0.205 0.602 0.754 0.000613
0.16 0.185 0.893 1.05 0.000565
0.152 0.178 1.25 1.41 0.000472
0.178 0.203 1.31 1.46 0.00054
0.169 0.194 0.15 0.0026 0.000294
0.0946 0.12 0.606 0.758 0.000395
0.972 0.997 49.8 50 0.000273
0.978 1 49.9 50 0.00279
0.163 0.189 0.919 1.07 0.000509
0.171 0.196 0.935 1.09 0.000531
0.672 0.697 3.73 3.88 0.002
0.373 0.398 1.06 1.21 0.00104
0.364 0.389 1.03 1.18 0.00101
0.218 0.22 1.41 1.41 0.000647
0.344 0.346 1.58 1.58 0.000932
0.481 0.483 1.72 1.72 0.00118
0.0167 0.0184 0.0011 0.00516 0.00011
0.203 0.205 13.5 13.5 0.000711
1.03 1.01 10.1 9.7 0.013
1.82 1.82 6.9 6.91 0.00463
0.057 0.0587 0.347 0.351 0.000171
0.102 0.104 0.7 0.765 0.000323
0.0859 0.0876 0.675 0.679 0.000267
0.0731 0.0748 0.69 0.694 0.00024
0.0726 0.726 0.658 0.658 0.000236
0.265 0.226 1.7 1.7 0.000948
0.236 0.236 1.55 1.55 0.000791
0.532 0.534 4.42 4.43 0.000201
0.104 0.104 0.722 0.722 0.000334
-3.91 2.37 13.3 26.3 -0.00127
-4.17 2.11 9.99 22.9 -0.00231
-5 1.28 4.26 17.2 -0.00278
-1.67 4.62 47.1 60 0.00621
0.18 0.366 2.95 3.4 -0.0387
0.0157 0.201 0.607 1.06 -0.0392
-0.00691 0.178 1.78 2.23 -0.0394
-0.000707 0.185 1.98 2.43 -0.0394
-0.0414 0.144 0.946 1.4 -0.0396
-0.00608 0.179 1.77 2.22 -0.0393
-0.15 0.0352 -0.0302 0.422 -0.0399
-0.0562 0.129 0.0235 0.475 -0.0396
-0.0227 0.163 0.373 0.824 -0.0395
-0.0264 0.159 1.56 0.201 -0.0394
0.898 1.08 39.9 40.4 -0.0356
-0.0588 0.127 0.772 1.22 -0.0392
0.00975 0.195 2.82 3.35 -0.0393
-0.126 0.0312 -1.2 0.141 -0.000305
-0.128 0.0297 -1.24 0.102 -0.000309
-0.109 0.0487 -1.06 0.279 -0.000467
-0.114 0.0136 -1.31 0.0289 -0.000555
Eco-Indicator 99 EPS 2000 Impact 2002 Description

0.00374 0.0228 1.37E-05 Transport, freight,
0.0404 0.093 0.000133 rail/RER lorry
Transport,
S;Translated
16t/CH
0.0468 0.111 0.000161 Transport,
name: lorry
Transport,
S;Translated
16t/RER
0.0274 0.0655 9.32E-05 Transport,
name: lorry
Transport,
S;Translated
28t/CH
0.0206 0.0506 7.31E-05 Transport,
name: lorry
Transport,
S;Translated
32t/RER
0.0198 0.0496 6.68E-05 Transport,
name: lorry
Transport,
S;Translated
40t/CH
name: Transport,
S;Translated
name: Transport,
Eco-Indicator 99 EPS 2000 Impact 2002 Description

2.451403888E-08 1.328293737E-06 8.603311735E-11 Electricity 100kWp
1.540676746E-08 1.090712743E-06 5.687544996E-11 sound absorbing
Electricity 3kWp
wall
facadeS;Electricity
roof m-Si
1.763858891E-08 1.115910727E-06 6.587473002E-11 Electricity
from 100kWp3kWp
Lam/integrated
facade roof3kWp
m-Si
2.422606192E-08 1.461483081E-06 9.575233981E-11 Electricity
S;Electricity from
Pan/mounted
facade roof p-Si
2.566594672E-08 1.479481641E-06 1.018718503E-10 Electricity
S;Electricity3kWp
from
Lam/integrated
facade roof3kWp
p-Si
1.267098632E-08 7.919366451E-07 4.787616991E-11 Electricity
S;Electricity from
Pan/mounted
flat roof m-Si
1.839452844E-08 1.047516199E-06 7.343412527E-11 Electricity
S;Electricity3kWp
from
S;Electricity
flat roof p-Si from
1.133909287E-08 7.81137509E-07 4.175665947E-11 Electricity
3kWp flat 3kWp
roof m-
S;Electricity
slope from
roof m-Si
3kWp
Lam/integratedp-
flat roof
S;Electricity from
1.252699784E-08 7.88336933E-07 4.67962563E-11 Electricity 3kWp
1.756659467E-08 1.043916487E-06 6.911447084E-11 slope
Electricity roof 3kWp
m-Si
Pan/mounted
slope roof 3kWp p-Si
1.421886249E-08 8.171346292E-07 5.615550756E-11 Electricity
S;Electricity from
Lam/integrated
slope roof p-Si
1.418286537E-08 8.135349172E-07 5.615550756E-11 Electricity
S;Electricity 3kWp
from
Pan/mounted
slope roof solar
p-Si
2.357811375E-08 1.101511879E-06 8.243340533E-11 Electricity
(BO);Electricity
Pan/mounted
power plant
0.00363 0.321 0.00001 Electricity,
S;Electricity
PHALK
photovoltaic, 500 fromat
0.00334 0.39 0.0000836 Electricity,
S;Electricity
3kWp
photovoltaic, facadefrom ,
at
0.00379 0.322 0.0000105 Electricity,
mc-Si, laminated,
3kWp
photovoltaic, facade at , pc-
0.0035 0.392 0.00000892 Electricity,
Si, laminated,
3kWp
photovoltaic, facade at
0.00306 0.23 0.00000876 Electricity,
installation, mc-Si,
3kWp
photovoltaic, facade at
0.00288 0.283 0.00000767 Electricity,
installation, pc-Si,
3kWp
photovoltaic, flat roof at
0.00175 0.15 0.00000496 Electricity,
installation, mc-
3kWp
photovoltaic, flat roof at
0.00258 0.266 0.00000694 Electricity,
installation, pc-
3kWp
photovoltaic, slanted-roof
at
0.00253 0.266 0.00000695 Electricity,
,3kWp mc-Si, future/CH
slanted-roof
photovoltaic, at
0.00166 0.194 0.00000444 Electricity,
,3kWp mc-Si, laminated,
slanted-roof
photovoltaic, at
0.00239 0.279 0.00000583 Electricity,
,3kWp mc-Si, panel,
slanted-roof
photovoltaic, at
0.00235 0.278 0.00000586 Electricity,
,3kWppc-Si,slanted-roof
future/CH
0.00282 0.277 0.0000076 photovoltaic,
Electricity, at
,3kWp
pc-Si,slanted-roof
laminated,
0.0111 0.11 0.0000512 production low
Electricity, mix
,photovoltaic,
pc-Si, panel,at
0.0092 0.0981 0.0000436 voltage,
Electricity, high
plant/CH
production UCTE,
0.0195464362851 0.1069114470842 5.039596832E-05 voltage,
Heat gas
at grid/UCTE
production UCTE,
0.0220662347012 0.0388768898488 6.26349892E-05 B250;Thermal
Heat, natural gas,
at grid/UCTE
energy from
0.0240460763139 0.0424766018719 6.803455724E-05 at boiler
Heat, atm.1gas,
natural
m3
low-
of
NOxgas. Includes
condensing
0.0227861771058 0.0356011519078 6.335493161E-05 at boiler
Heat, natural gas,
non-modulating
atmospheric low-
0.0211303095752 0.0340532757379 5.903527718E-05 at boiler
Heat, natural gas,
NOx non-
atmospheric non-
0.0203023758099 0.0306695464363 5.615550756E-05 at boiler
Heat, natural gas,
modulating
condensing
0.0248740100792 0.0475161987041 7.127429806E-05 at boiler
Heat, natural gas,
modulating
condensing
0.0229301655868 0.036717062635 6.407487401E-05 at boiler
Heat, fan gas,
natural
modulating
burner low-NOx
0.0224622030238 0.0359971202304 6.29949604E-05 at boiler
Heat, fan gas,
natural
non-modulating
burner non-
0.021562275018 0.0325773938085 5.975521958E-05 at boiler
Heat, natural gas,
modulating
modulating
0.0218142548596 0.0328653707703 6.047516199E-05 at boiler
Heat, natural gas,
<100kW/RER
modulating
0.0235781137509 0.0395968322534 6.659467243E-05 at industrial
Heat, natural gas,
>100kW/RER
furnace
0.0056515478762 0.0435565154788 3.635709143E-05 at industrial
Heat, air-water
>100kW/RER
furnace low-NOx
0.0160187185025 0.1580273578114 7.307415407E-05 heat
Heat, pump 10kW,
air-water
>100kW/RER
at heat
0.0048596112311 0.0363570914327 0.0003279337653 heat
Heat, pump 10kW,
at air-water
radiator/CH
at heat
0.0147228221742 0.1454283657307 6.767458603E-05 heat
Heat, pump
at air-water
radiator/CH
10kW/CH
0.0176025917927 0.2437005039597 4.895608351E-05 heat
Heat, pump
at heat
S;Translated
10kW/RER
0.0063714902808 0.0903527717783 1.774658027E-05 pump
Heat, 30kW,
at heat
S;Translated
allocation
0.0133909287257 0.1861051115911 3.707703384E-05 pump
Heat, 30kW,
at heat
electricity/CH
allocation
7.523398128E-05 0.0431965442765 0.0002379409647 pump
Heat, 30kW,
at heat
energy/CH
allocation
0.0114470842333 0.1598272138229 3.18574514E-05 pump
Heat, 30kW,
at heat
exergy/CH
allocation heat/CH
0.0037796976242 0.2703383729302 2.458603312E-05 pump
Heat, 30kW,
borehole
S;Translated
allocation
0.0108711303096 0.105471562275 4.967602592E-05 heat
Heat, exchanger,
borehole
price/CH
at brine-water
0.0044996400288 0.337652987761 2.77537797E-05 heat
Heat, exchanger,
borehole
heat
at pump
brine-water
0.0119510439165 0.1159107271418 5.399568035E-05 heat
Heat, exchanger,
borehole
heat pump
brine-water heat
5.615550756E-09 1.90424766E-07 4.175665947E-11 heat
Heat exchanger,
from MFD
pump 10kW,
brine-water at
heat
FK1 hybrid S;Heat
pump
multi family at
10kW,
dwelling (MFD)
2.904967603E-09 5.183585313E-08 1.169906407E-11 Heat from MFD
5.471562275E-09 2.361411087E-07 3.851691865E-11 FK1
Heatsolar
from S;Heat
MFD
multi family
FK3 hybrid S;Heat
3.056155508E-09 1.655867531E-07 9.467242621E-12 Heat from
dwelling MFD
(MFD)
multi
FK3 family
solar S;Heat
6.155507559E-09 2.109431246E-07 4.463642909E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(MFD)
Multi
FK1 family
hybrid S;Heat
3.959683225E-09 8.999280058E-08 1.594672426E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(MFD)
single
FK1 family
solar S;Heat
6.515478762E-09 4.283657307E-08 4.247660187E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single family
FK2 hybrid S;Heat
5.003599712E-09 5.399568035E-07 1.61987041E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single
FK2 family
solar S;Heat
6.011519078E-09 2.566594672E-07 4.103671706E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single
FK3 family
hybrid S;Heat
3.995680346E-09 1.987041037E-07 1.321094312E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single
FK3 family
solar S;Heat
5.399568035E-09 2.13462923E-07 3.671706263E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single family
FK4 hybrid S;Heat
3.156947444E-09 1.277897768E-07 1.065514759E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single
FK4 family
solar S;Heat
7.271418287E-09 3.671706263E-07 4.571634269E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
single
vacuum family
hybrid
6.731461483E-09 3.995680346E-07 3.063354932E-11 Heat from
dwelling SFD
(SFD)
S;Heat
vacuum single
solar
2.051835853E-08 8.063354932E-09 5.003599712E-12 Heat,
family at flat plate
dwelling
S;Heat
collector,single
multiple
4.895608351E-09 1.990640749E-08 1.331893449E-11 Heat,
family at flat plate
dwelling
dwelling,
collector, for hot
one-
6.2275018E-09 2.444204464E-08 1.799856012E-11 Heat,
water/CHat flat plate
family house,
collector, one- for
1.076313895E-08 7.919366451E-08 7.451403888E-11 Heat,
combinedat hot water
family
tank, house, for
1.835853132E-08 3.07775378E-08 5.111591073E-11 Heat,
hot at hot water
water/CH
solar+electric,
tank, solar+gas, flat
1.342692585E-08 3.012958963E-08 3.779697624E-11 Heat,
plate, at hot water
multiple
flat
tank,plate, multiple
solar+gas,
1.771058315E-08 3.239740821E-08 4.931605472E-11 Heat, at solar+gas
dwelling/CH
flat plate,
heating, one-
flat plate,
1.742260619E-08 3.1137509E-08 4.859611231E-11 Heat,
family at solar+gas
house/CH
one-family
heating, house,
8.675305976E-09 2.804175666E-08 4.67962563E-11 Heat,
combinedat tube
collector,
solar+wood one-
4.103671706E-09 1.60187185E-08 1.184305256E-10 Heat,
family at tube
house,
heating, flat
collector, one- plate,
one-family house,
family house, for
combined
Impact 2002 End of life
No Recycle Recycle
0.0000835 Riciclo materiali edili (con macchinari)(corretto)

4.42E-05 Riciclo materiali edili (con macchinari)(corretto)
0.004987 Recycling aluminuim S
0.00135 Recycling steel / iron S corretto
0.000127 Recycling wood
0.000123 Recycling wood
-4.70E-05 Recycling wood
-0.000123 Recycling wood
End of life
No Recycle
Landfill - Inert material landfill - Disposal, inert waste, 5% water, to inert material landfill/CH S
Disposal, concrete, 5% water, to inert material landfill/CH S
Incineration - Municipal Incineration - Disposal, municipal solid waste, 22.9% water, to municipal i
Disposal, glass, 0% water, to inert material landfill/CH S
Disposal, steel, 0% water, to inert material landfill/CH S
Disposal, building wood, chrome preserved, 20% water, to municipal incineration/CH S
Description
Blast furnace slag cement, at plant/CH S;Translated name: Hochofenzement, ab

Werk;Included
Cement (CORUS) processes:
I;LCA forincludes the manufacturing
the production of CORUS processes cement in the mixing and
Netherlands.
grinding, internal
Average(Portland)
data.;Source:processes (transport, etc.) and infrastructure. No administration
Cement
and no packing is included. I;LCAIDEMAT forSpecial 2001;
the production of Portland
inputs: blast furnacecement slag, not in the
balanced as it
Netherlands. Average
Cement (Portland) I modificato;LCA for data.;Source: IDEMAT 2001; of Portland cement in the
the production
Netherlands.
Cement ETH S;Cement Average data.;Source:
ETH, originalIDEMAT German 2001; title: Zement.;Total aggregated
system
Cement mortar, at plant/CH S;Translated name: of
inventory. This is a single results record the similar unit
Zementmörtel, abprocess.
Werk;Included Small
differences can occur due to rounding.;production
processes: Includes the whole manufacturing process to produce cement mortar of Portland cement from clinker
and
(rawcalcium
materialsulfate. provision, The;energy
raw material values stempacking,
mixing, from various publications
and storage), from 1992
transports to
plant, and infrastructure. No requirements for administration are included. No
Light mortar, at plant/CH S;Translated name: Leichtmörtel, ab Werk;Included
processes:
Portland calcareous Includes cement,
the wholeatmanufacturing
plant/CH S;Translated process to produce light mortar
name:
(raw material
Portlandkalksteinzement,provision, raw ab material
Werk;Includedmixing, packing,
processes: and storage),
includes the transports to
Portland
plant, andcement, strengthNo
infrastructure. class Z 42.5, at for
requirements plant/CH S;Translated
administration name: No
are included.
manufacturing
Portlandzement, processes mixing and grinding, internal processes (transport, etc.)
Portland
and cement,Festigkeitsklasse
infrastructure strength
(specific class
machines
Z 42.5,
Z 52.5, and
ab Werk;Included
atplant).
plant/CH No S;Translated
administration
processes:
name:
and
includes
no
the manufacturingFestigkeitsklasse
Portlandzement, processes mixing Z and
52.5, grinding, internal processes
ab Werk;Included processes: (transport,
includes
Portland
etc.) and slag sand cement,
infrastructure at plant/CH
(specific machines S;Translated
and plant). name:
No administration and no
the manufacturing
Portlandhüttenzement, processes mixing
ab Werk;Included and grinding, internal
processes:abincludes processes (transport,
the manufacturing
Stucco,
etc.) andatinfrastructure
plant/CH S;Translated (specific internal name: Stuckgips,
machines and plant). NoWerk;Included
administration processes:
processes
burning of mixing
gypsum and grinding,
mineral and milling ofprocesses
stucco;Remark: (transport, used etc.)
for and and no
plaster,
Asfalto;1 kg di(specific
infrastructure asfalto;Source:
machines ENEA; plant). No administration and no packing is
moulds, and gypsum boards; the anddust emission is included in the estimated
Bitumen refinery CH
emission inventoried in the "mining S;Bitumen fromGypsum"
refinery process;CAS
Switzerland ETH (ton out)
number: , original
010034-76-1;
German title: Bitumen ab Raffinerie CH.;Total
Bitumen refinery Europe S;Bitumen from refinery Europe ETH (ton out) , originalaggregated system inventory. This
is a
Germansingle results
title: record of
Bitumen abS;Translated the similar
Raffinerie Euro.;Total unit process. Small
aggregated differences can
system inventory. occur
Bitumen,
due to at refinery/CH
rounding.;Oil refineries are name:facilities.
complex Bitumen, ab Raffinerie;Included
Several processes, such as
This is
processes: a single results record of the similar unit process. Small differences
from can
Bitumen,
occur due attoAll processes S;Translated
refinery/RER
rounding.;Oil
on the refineryname:
refineries are
site excluding
complex Bitumen, the
facilities.
emissions
ab Several
Raffinerie;Included
processes,
combustion
processes: facilities,
All processes including
on thewaste refinery watersitetreatment,
excluding process
the emissions emissions fromand
Brick,
direct at plant/RER
discharges to S;Translated
rivers.;Remark: name: Backstein,
Description of abflows
all Werk;Included
of materials processes:
and
combustion
includes first facilities, includingwet
ginding process, waste water(includes
process treatment, process
second emissions
ginding, mixing and and
Ceramics
direct I;Environmental
discharges to assessment
rivers.;Remark: for the
Description production
of all flows of ceramics
of materials (bricks
and and
plastifying),
tiles) in 56 storage,
companies forming
in the (extruding
Netherlands, molding
situation method)
1992. and cutting,
Transport drying,
of raw
Light
firing, clay
loading,brick,packing
at plant/DE S;Translated name:
and storage;Remark: not Leichtlehmstein,
included: charge ab of the
materials
Werk;Included included.;Source:
processes: IDEMATthe
includes 2001raw materials clay, straw and water, their
Refractory, basic, packed, at plant/DE S;Translated name: Feuerfeste Steine,
transport
basische to the finishing
Steine, verpackt, plant,
ab the drying energy,
Werk;Included the packaging
processes: Includes and
the the
whole
Refractory,
infrastructure. fireclay,
Beside packed,
theinternal at plant/DE
product, some S;Translated
solid household name:(e.g. Feuerfeste
packing Steine,
material)
manufacturing
Schamottesteine, process,
verpackt, ab processes
Werk;Included (transport,
processes: etc.), packing
Includes theand whole
Refractory,
infrastructure. high No aluminium
administration oxide,ispacked,
included.; at Geography:
plant/DE S;Translated German, name: and
manufacturing
Feuerfeste process,
Steine, internal processes
Hochtonerdesteine, (transport,
verpackt, ab etc.),
Werk;Included packingEuropean
and
processes:
Sand-lime
infrastructure. brick, No atadministration
plant/DE S;Translated is included.; name: Kalksandstein,
Geography: German, ab European
Werk;Included and
Includes
processes: theincludes
whole manufacturing
the wholeblock, process, internal
manufacturing process processes
to produce (transport,
sand-lime etc.),
bricks
Autoclaved
packing and aerated concrete
infrastructure. No at plant/CH
administration is S;Translated
included.; name:
Geography: German,
(raw material provision,
Gasbetonstein, raw material
ab Werk;Included mixing, forming
processes: includes bythepressing, hardening
raw materials, theirby
Concrete
autoclave, (reinforced)
packing, andI;LCA for thetransports
storage), produktion to of prefab
plant, and concrete in the No
infrastructure.
transport
Netherlands. to the 140 finishing
kg cement, plant,320 thekg energy
sand, for
460 thekgautoclaving
gravel, 40 kg process,
steel and the 40 kg
Concrete
packaging, (reinforced)
the Rck 300and
infrastructure I dust
the da IVAM+H2O;Concrete
disposal of wastewater (reinforced)
and some solidRck
water
300 I dustAverage data. ;Source:
da IVAM+H2O IDEMAT(reinforced)
da Concrete 2001; I;LCA for the produktion of
prefab concrete in the Netherlands. 191,18 kg cement, 238,97 kg sand, 487,13 kg
Crushed
gravel, 36,76 concrete I;LCA
kg steel and for45,95
the recycling
kg waterofAverageconcretedata. in the Netherlands
;Source: ENEA;to be
used in concrete.
Lightweight concrete Average
block,data.;Source:
expanded clay, IDEMAT
at plant/CH 2001;S;Translated name:
Leichtbetonstein,
Lightweight concrete Blähton,
block,ab Werk;Included
expanded perlite,processes:
at plant/CHincludes S;Translatedthe raw name:
materials,
Leichtbetonstein,their transport
Blähperlit, to the
ab finishing
Werk;Included plant, the air-drying,
processes: the
includes packing,
the raw the
Lightweight
infrastructure concrete
and the block,
disposal expanded
of vermiculite,
wastewater and at plant/CH
some solid S;Translated
household (e.g.
materials,
name: their transport Blähvermiculit,
Leichtbetonstein, to the finishing ab plant, the air-drying, the packing, the the
Lightweight
and the block,
disposal polystyrene,
ofthewastewater at Werk;Included
plant/CH
and some
processes:
S;Translated
solid household name:includes
(e.g.
raw materials,
Leichtbetonstein, their transport
Polystyrol, to finishing
ab Werk;Included plant, the
processes: air-drying,
includes packing, the
Lightweight
and the block,
disposal pumice,
of at plant/DE
wastewater and S;Translated
some solid name:the raw
household (e.g.
materials,
Leichtbetonstein,their transport
Naturbims, to the abfinishing
Werk;Includedplant, the air-drying,includes
processes: the packing,the the
Acrylic filler, atand
infrastructure plant/RER
the disposalS;Translated
of wastewatername:and Acrylatspachtelmasse,
some solid household abraw(e.g.
materials,
Werk;Included their processes:
transport toTransportthe finishing plant,
of name:
raw the additional
materials washing,ofthe
and production air-The
filler.
Base
drying, plaster,
the at plant/CH
packing, the S;Translated
infrastructure and the Grundputz,
disposal of ab Werk;Included
wastewater and some
requirements
processes: of raw materials, the electricity and the infrastructure are plaster
Cement castIncludes
inventoried. plaster the
Packaging floor,
is
whole manufacturing
at plant/CH
neglected.;Remark: S;Translatedprocess
Acrylates name:to produce
are Zement
part of
base
a large family
(raw material provision,
Unterlagsboden, raw materialprocesses:
ab Werk;Included mixing, packing, It includesand mixing
storage), transports
of the raw to
plant, and infrastructure. No requirements for
materials (portland cement, sand and water), casting (either by pump or by administration are included. No
bucket), ramming and finishing. Some transports and infrastructure are also
Ceramic tiles, at regional storage/CH S;Translated name: Keramikplatten, ab
Regionallager;Included
Clay plaster, at plant/CHprocesses: S;Translated gate to gate
name: production
Lehmputz, abof ceramic tiles,
Werk;Included
including
processes: transports of raw materials to factory and of product to clay plaster
Cover coat,Includes
Switzerland;Remark: mineral, the at
Data
whole manufacturing
plant/CH
from S;Translated
one producer
process
name:
only.
to produce
Deckputz
Composition mineralisch,
of ceramic ab
might
(raw material
Werk;Included provision,
processes: raw material
Includes themixing,
whole packing,
manufacturing and storage),
process transports
to produce to
Cover
plant, coat,infrastructure.
and organic, at plant/CH No S;Translated
requirements for name: Deckputz
administration are included. No
mineral cover coat (raw
kunststoffmodifiziert, ab material
Werk;Included provision, raw material
processes: Includes mixing,the packing,
whole and
Fibre cement
storage), corrugated
transports to slab,and
plant, at plant/CH
infrastructure. S;Translated
No name:
requirements forprovision, raw
manufacturing
Faserzementwellplatte, process to ab produce
Werk;Included organicprocesses:
cover coat includes (raw material the whole
Fibre
materialcement facing
mixing,process tile,
packing, at plant/CH S;Translated name:
manufacturing
Faserzementfassadenplatte, to and
producestorage), fibre transports
ab Werk;Included cement processes: to plant,(raw
products andmaterial
infrastructure. No
includes theprovision, whole
Fibre
raw cementmixing,
material roof slate, forming, at plant/CH
post S;Translated
curing process name: process,
coating and provision,
storage),
manufacturing
Faserzementdachschiefer, process to produce ab fibre cement
Werk;Included products includes
processes: (raw material the whole
Gypsum
raw material fibremixing,
board, forming,
at plant/CH postS;Translated
curing process name: coatingGipsfaserplatte,
process, andab storage),
manufacturing
Werk;Included process
processes: to produce
production fibreof cement
board products
(incl. (raw
drying);Remark: material provision,
produced
Gypsum
raw material plaster board,
mixing,gypsum at
forming, plant/CH
post S;Translated
curing process name: Gipskartonplatte,
coating process, and storage),ab
100% from natural
Werk;Included processes: (no FGD).
production Energy
of board consumption
(incl. is extrapolated
drying);Remark: produced from
Roof tile, atofplant/RER
production solid gypsum S;Translated
board; name: Dachziegel,
Geography: data for ab Werk;Included
Switzerland;Technology:
100%
processes:from natural
includes gypsum
first ginding (no FGD).process, Energy wet consumption
process (includesis extrapolated
second from
Thermal
production plaster,
of solid at gypsum
plant/CH S;Translated
board; Geography: name: dataWärmedämmputz,
formolding
Switzerland;Technology: ab ginding,
mixing and
Werk;Included plastifying), storage, forming (compression method) and
Cellulose
cutting, fibre, processes:
drying, inclusive
firing, loading,
Includes
blowing in, the
packing at and whole manufacturing
plant/CH S;TranslatedNot
storage.;Remark:
process
name: included:
to produce
charge
thermal plaster
Zellulosefasern, (raw material
inklusiveS;Translated provision,
Einblasen, ab raw material
Werk;Included mixing, packing,
processes: and
includes the
Cork slab,
storage), at plant/RER
transports to plant, andproduction name:
infrastructure. Korkplatte,
No requirements ab Werk;Included
for
input energy
processes: and material
Includes the to the
material and energy processes,
inputs to the transports
production of the materials
processes,
Exfoliated
and the vermiculite,
available process at plant/kg/CH
emissions. U;Empty
Also included process: is the Dummy
packaging for the
and ecoinvent
the
transports
unit processes. of the;Ecoinvent
material inputs unit and the available
processes link to this process
process, emissions.;Remark:
but it doesdinot
Fibra
this di legno
cork product slab,is at plant
used e.g. (da
as Cork
underlay slab,for at plant/RER
floating U - smp6);Fibra
floorings or as insulation legno
contain
slab, at any
plant data.
(da This slab,
Cork process at may be updated
plant/RER U - in future updatesname:
smp6);(Translated by Korkplatte,
fibra di legno
ecoinvent. slab, atENEA;
;Source: plant/RER S (da Cork slab);Translated name: Korkplatte, ab
ab Werk;Included
Werk;Included processes:
processes: Includes
Includes the the material and
material energy inputs to the
Fibra di legno,
production u=20% at
processes, plant
transports (da of Wood
the wool, and
material u=20%,
inputs
energy inputs
at plant/RER
and the
to the
available U);Fibra di
production
legno, u=20% processes,
at plant transports
(da Wood ofwool,
the material
u=20%, inputs
at plant/RER available process
and theU);composizione: process
Foam glass, at plant/CH
emissions.;Remark: this S;Translated
cork product name:
is used Schaumglas,
e.g. as underlay ab Werk;Included
for floating floorings
conifere
processes: 94%, acqua processes: 5%, solfatomelting, di alluminio 0,5%, to collante bianco down, atossico
Glass wool Included
1%;costruita mat, at plant/CH
modificando il S;Translated
processo Wood
forming
name:wool,
a pipe, cooling
Glaswollematte,
u=20%, at plant/RERab U;
smashing,
Werk;Included crushing,
processes:mixingIncluded with carbon powder,melting,
processes: foamingfibre by heating
forming in
& acollecting,
mould,
Glasswool(da
cooling, cutting IVAM)
to slabs1 kg;lana
and di vetro:
packing. preso processes
Internal da ivam;Source: (workshop, ENEA; etc.),
hardening & curing and internal processes (workshop, etc.). Additionally
Glasswooll
transportation (daofIVAM);Glasswooll
raw materials and (da energy IVAM);Source:
carrier for furnace, ENEA; packing and
Isolkenaf produzione (con boro)+poliestere;Pannello di isolante in fibra di
canapa;Source:
Mineral wool ETH ENEA;
S;Mineral wool ETH, original German title: Mineralwolle.;Total
aggregated system
Polystyrene foam slab, inventory.
at plant/RERThis is S;Translated
a single results name: record of the similar unit
Polystyrolplatte
process.
expandiert, Smallab differences
Werk;Included can occur due to rounding.;Mineral
processes: Includes production woolthermoforming
and is used to
Polystyrene
model glass slab
wool espanso
and rock estruso(XPS);Translated
wool used as insulation name: Polystyrolplatte
material. Data are based
of EPS;Remark:
expandiert, abplant/CHCombination processes:
Werk;Included of material and Includes processingproduction module. and EPS foam on
thermoforming slab
Rock
has a wool,
density at of 30 kg/m3 S;Translated
and a thermal name: Steinwolle,
conductivity of ab Werk;Included
0.035-0.04
of EPS;Remark:
processes: Included Combination
processes: of melting,
material fiber and processing
formingSteinwolle, module. EPS
& collecting, hardeningfoam slab
Rock
has a wool,
density packed,
ofand at
30 kg/m3 plant/CHand a S;Translated
thermal name:
conductivity of 0.035-0.04 verpackt, ab &
curing furnace,
Werk;Included internal
processes: processes
Includes (workshop,
mechanical etc.).
packing Transport
and the of raw
administration of
Tube
materialsinsulation, elastomere,
and factory.;Remark:
energy carrier for at plant/DE
furnace S;Translated
are also included. name: Not Rohrisolierung,
included areused
the rock
Elastomere, wool ab Werk;Included With
processes: functional unit
The production kg, this module
of tube can
insulation be
Urea
for allformaldehyde
different foam products.
rock wool slab, hard, Onlyat plant/CH
thefordensity S;Translated
of rock wool name:based on this
materials
Hartschaumplatte,is investigated from
Harnstoffformaldehyd,gate to gate ab one producer
Werk;Included with production
processes: Includes
Urea
places formaldehyde
in Münster foam, in situ foaming, at plant/CH S;Translated name:
raw materials
Ortschaum, and and Zeulenroda,
production
Harnstoffformaldehyd,
Germany.;Remark:
of foam.;Remark:
ab Werk;Included Foamprocesses:
hasTube insulation
a density of 10
Includes
materials
-raw
30
Acrylic
kg /m3 varnish,
and 87.5%conductivity
a thermal in H2O, at plant/RER of 0.035 S;Translated
W/mK. Data is name:
based Acryl-Lack,
on crude
materials
87.5% and
in H2O, in situ production
ab Werk;Remark: of foam. Transports to application site are not
Alkyd paint,
included.;Remark: white, 60% inhas
Foam H2O, atManufacturing
aenergy,
densityplant/RER
of 10
process is name:
- S;Translated
30
considered
kg /m3 and a thermal
with
Alkydharzlack,
consumption
weiss, 60% in of raw
H2O,60% materials,
ab Werk;Included as well
processes: as infrastructure
Transport ofname: and land
raw materials use. and
Alkyd
Transport paint, of white,
the raw in solvent,
materials is at plant/RER
included. No S;Translated
by-product is generated in the
production
Alkydharzlack, of paint.weiss, Packaging
60% in is neglected.;Remark:
Lösemittel, ab Werk;Included Alkyd processes:
paints can be made
Transport
Alkyd
of many varnish
different ETH S;Alkyd
resins. This varnish
dataset ETH,stands originalfor German
one specific title:long oil alkyd as
of raw materials and aggregated
Alkydharzlack.;Total production ofsystem paint. inventory.
PackagingThis is neglected.;Remark:
is a single results record Alkyd
Paint
paints ETH
can S;Paint
be made ETH,
of manyoriginal German
different resins.title:ThisDeckfarbe.;Total
dataset stands aggregated
for one specific
of the similar
system inventory. unit process. is a Small
Thisproduction singlein differences
results record canofoccur due tounit
the similar rounding.;Process
process.
Aramid
only modelsst gr emission
I;Aramid of solvents the Netherlands;Source:
(xylene, white spirit) from IDEMAT
the varnish. 2001;Small
differences can occur due to rounding.;Rough estimate of the composition of
Carbon
paint. Nofibre I;Peebles,
emissions of VOC L.H.,included.;Source:
Carbon fibers:formation,structure ETH-ESU 96 System and properties.
processes;
Boca
GlassRotan: CRC Press
fibre I;Average of 6Inc., 1995. energy
industries data from: Lee, S.M. et
in The Netherlands.;Source: al., 'The2001;
IDEMAT
beneficial energy and environmental impact of composite materials-un
Flat glass, coated,
unexpected bonus'atSAMPE plant/RER JournalS;Translated name: Flachglas,
vol.27, 1991;Source: IDEMAT beschichtet,
2001; ab
Werk;Included processes: Includes all measured
Flat glass, uncoated, at plant/RER S;Translated name: Flachglas, unbeschichtet, In- and Output materials and
energy
ab carriers reported
Werk;Included processes: for a includes
German glass the whole coating plant duringprocess
manufacturing ist operation to
Float
(coatingglass coatedinternal
process, ETH S;Float transports,glasspacking
coated ETH,
and original German
administration).;Remark: title: Glas All
produce
(Flach-) flat glass
beschichtet.;Total (raw material provision,
aggregated system cullet addition,
inventory. melting
This is German process,
a single results
Float
forming glass uncoated ETH S;Float glass uncoated ETH, original title:
ofprocess
record(Flach-)
Glas the similar (on unit
floatprocess.
bath), cooling Small process
differences (annealing
caninventory.
occur lehr),due cutting
to is aprocess
Glass fibre, atunbeschichtet.;Total
rounding.;Production plant/RER of S;Translated
glass from
aggregated
raw name:
materials
system
Glasfaser,
(e.g.
This
ab Werk;Included
sand). The;amount
single
of
results
processes: record Gate of the similar
to gate inventory unit process. Small
forS;Translated
the production differencesof glass can occur
fibre.;Remark: due to steel
Glass tube,
rounding.;Production borosilicate, at plant/DE name: Glasrohr, Bor-Silikat, ab
Inventory
Werk;Included on a of
basedprocesses: stateglass
Gate
fromart
of the to
raw
gate
materials
report for the(e.g.
inventory
sand).;The
European
for the glassamount
production manufacturing
of glass
of steel
Solar
industry.collector
Data had glass totube, with silver
be estimated frommirror,
ranges at plant/DE S;Translated name:
tubes.;Remark:
Kollektorrohr, mit Production
Silberspiegel, of borosilicate
ab Werk;Included glass given tubes.; for
processes:
different Production
Geography: Gate to gate
Solar
plant glass,
in DE. low-iron,
Some at regionaland
pre-products storage/RER
waste treatment S;Translated name: Solarglas,
inventory
eisenarm, for
abthe manufacturing
Regionallager;Included of collector
processes: tubes Gate fromservices
glass
to gatetubes
estimated
inventoryincluding witha
for the
sputter coating with a selective coating and
process including transport to RER;Remark: Assumption with inventory data for a mirror layer. Infrastructure
normal glass. This glass differes from normal glass mainly due to the type of raw
Glare 1-3/2-0.3 I;LCA for the production of 1m2 Alum./glass laminate 1.4mm
thickness
Glare 3-3/2-0.2 in the I;LCA
USA. Delivery to Rotterdam
for the production of 1m2 by bulk carrier. 3laminate
Alum./glass Layers 7475-T76
1.1mm
Alum 0.3mm
thickness and
in the I;LCA 2 layers
US. Delivery unidirectional
per bulk carrierglass/epoxy 0.25mm.
to Rotterdam. ;Source:
3laminate
layers IDEMAT
2024-T3
Glare
2001; 3-6/5-0.4 for the production of 1m2 Alum./glass 3.65mm
Aluminium
thickness 0.2mm
in theI;LCA and 2
US. Delivery layers glass/epoxy
to Rotterdam 0.25mm.
by bulk ;Source:
carrier. 6laminateIDEMAT
layers 2024-T3 2001;
Glare 4-6/5-0.4 for the production of 1m2 Alum./glass 4.27mm
0.4mm
thickness and in 5thelayers
US. cross-ply
Delivery glass/epoxy
per bulk carrier 0.25mm.;Source:
to Rotterdam. 6IDEMAT 2001;
layers 2024-T3
Cast iron ETH S;Cast iron ETH, original German title: Gusseisen.;Total
Aluminium
aggregated 0.4mm and 5 layersThis 0.375mm cross ply glass/epoxy. of the;Source:
Cast
IDEMAT iron,2001;atsystem
plant/RER inventory.
S;Translated is name:
a single results
Gusseisen, record
ab Werk;Included similar unit
process. Small
processes:steel differences
Transports can
of metal and occur due
other to rounding.;Source:
input materials ETH-ESU
to electric 96
arc furnace,
Converter
System processes; ETH S;Converter steel ETH, original German title: Blasstahl.;Total
melting
aggregated and refining
system process
inventory. and casting.;Remark:
This is a single 35%
resultstitle: scrap
record and 65% pig
of the similar unit iron
Crude
assumed ironasETH iron S;Crude
input; iron ETH,
Geography: original
Data German
relate to plants Roheisen.;Total
in the EU;Technology:
process.
aggregated Smallsystemdifferences canThis occur due to rounding.;Source: Ecoinvent system
Crude
processes;iron I;LCA forinventory.
the pig iron is a
proces. single results record impact
The environmental of the similar unit
is derived
process.
from data Small
of sheet differences
CORUS, can
and completed occur due
with to rounding.;Production
transport according of
worldSteelcrude iron. In
steelsheet
ECCS
Germany steel (1991) ;Production
60% sinter, 31%of virgin Electrolitic
pellets and 9% Chrome
ore was Coated
used as iron source.
production
(ECCS)steel in 1999 .;Source:
in Germany. The iron IDEMAT
oreETH, 2001; from Australia, Brazil and Canada.
is imported
Electro ETH S;Electro steel original German title: Elektrostahl.;Total
ECCS
aggregatedsteel is used
system as a packaging
inventory. This material.;BUWAL
is a single 250; of the similar unit
results record
Pig iron, at plant/GLO S;Translated name: Roheisen, ab Werk;Included
process.
processes: SmallBlast differencesprocess.
can occur due to rounding.;Source: ETH-ESU 96
Reinforcing
System steel,furnace
processes; at plant/RER S;Translated Emissions are abated;Remark:
name: Armierungsstahl, Inputsab and air
emissions
Werk;Included fromprocesses:
different sources.
Mix ofGermanTransportsproduced
differently of iron ore calculated
steels and hotaccording to
Steel ETH S;Steel
information about ETH, original
exports and imports.; title: Stahl unlegiert.;Total
Geography: Inputs relate to aggregated
the global
rolling;Remark:
system inventory. represents
This is a Average
single of World
results recordandofEuropeansimilarproduction
theGerman unit mix.Small
This
Steel
is high
assumed alloy ETH
to correspond S;Steel to high
the alloy ETH,
consumption original
mix in Europe; title:process.
Stahl Data
Geography:
differences
hochlegiert.;Total can occur due to rounding.;Source: ETH-ESU 96 System processes;
Steel I;LCA for theaggregated production systemof steel inventory.
at CORUSThis is aNetherlands,
in the single results record of
extended
the
with similar
transport unit process.
according Small differences
the worldname: average can occur due
production.;Source: to rounding.;Average
Steel low alloy
composition of ETH S;Translated
high alloy steel: 71% converter Stahl, niedriglegiert,
steel, 16% chromium abIDEMAT
Werk;Included
, 13%
2001;
processes:
fibra di legno, Mixu=20%;fibra
of differentlydiproduced steels anddihot
legno, u=20%fibra rolling;Remark:
legno da conifere 94%, represents
acqua
Average
5%, solfato of World
di u=20% and
alluminio European
0,5%, production
collante bianco mix. This
atossico is assumed
1%;Source: to correspond
ENEA;
fibra di legno, (con legno in peso) (da Wood
to the consumption mix in Europe; Geography: Data relate to plants in the wool);fibra di legno,
u=20%fibra
Wood boarddiETH legno da conifere
S;Wood board94%, ETH,acqua
original 5%, solfatotitle:
German di alluminio
Holzbaustoff 0,5%,
collante bianco
Brettschichtholz.;Total atossico 1%;Source:
aggregated ENEA;
system
Wood massive ETH S;Wood massive ETH,inventory. This is atitle:
original German single results
Holzbaustoff
record of the similar unit process. Small differences can
massiv.;Total aggregated system inventory. This is a single results record of the occur due to
rounding.;Creating
similar unit process.wood Smallboard (multiplex)
differences can from
occurlayers
due toofrounding.;Drying
wood veneer and andureum
sawing of wood. ;Source: Ecoinvent system processes;
System ICE Material comparaison per m2
Categories of
Materials
materials
Cement Cement, General
CASE 1
Categories of
Materials
materials
Clay Portland Cement, Semi-Wet Klin
CASE 2
Insulation1 General bricks
Embodied Carbon (kgCo2)
800
700
600
500 Embodied Carbon (kgCo2
400
300
200
100
0
System ICE- Material comparaison per quantity (kg)
Categories of
Materials
materials
MAT 1 Cement Portland Cement, Semi-Dry Klin
MAT 2 Cement Polyurethane
MAT 3 Cement Portland Cement, Dry Klin
Embodied Carbon (kgCo2/kg)
5
Column L
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MATERIALS IMPACT (per kg)
Specific weight Embodied Carbon

Thickness (m) Quantity (kg) (kgCO2/kg)
(kg/m3)
0.3 450 1500 0.82
0
0
0
0
0
0
Specific weight Embodied Carbon

Thickness (m) Quantity (kg) (kgCO2/kg)
(kg/m3)
0.15 225 1500 0.93
0.6 570 950 0.2
0
0
0
0
0
3000
Embodied Carbon (kgCo2) 2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
uantity (kg)
Quantity (kg)
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
Embo
160
140
120
Column L 100
80
60
40
20
0
7 1 2 3 4
MATERIALS IMPACT (per kg) MATERIALS IMPACT (total)
Embodied Energy (MJ/kg) Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) Embodied Energy (MJ)
4.8 369 2160

0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
MATERIALS IMPACT (per kg) MATERIALS IMPACT (total)
Embodied Energy (MJ/kg) Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) Embodied Energy (MJ)
4.8 209.25 1080

3 114 1710
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Embodied energy (MJ)

Embodied Carbon (kgCO2/kg) Embodied Energy (MJ/kg)
0.84 3.6
3.85 72.1
0.74 3.4
3.85 72.1
3.85 72.1
3.85 72.1
3.85 72.1
Embodied Energy (MJ)
3 4 5 6 7
CASE1 - Materials Impact (overall)
Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) 738

Embodied Energy (MJ) 2160
Cost 5400
CASE 2 - Materials Impact (overall)
Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) 323.25

Embodied Energy (MJ) 2790
Cost 10110
Embodied energy (MJ)

MATERIALS IMPACT (total)
Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) Embodied Energy (MJ)
1.68 7.2
3.85 72.1
0.74 3.4
3.85 72.1
3.85 72.1
3.85 72.1
7.7 144.2
Column M
6 7
ASSESSMENT
Aggregate Aggregate, General

Aluminium Aluminium, General
Asphalt Cast products
Bitumen1 Extruded
Brass Rolled
Bricks1 Asphalt, general
Bronze Road and Pavement
Carpets Bitumen, General
Cement Brass, General
Ceramics Bricks, General
Clay Facing Bricks
Concrete1 Limestone
Copper Bronze, General
Glass Felt (hair and jute) Underlay
Insulation1 Nylon
Lead Polyethylterepthalate (PET)
Linoleum Polypropylene
Miscellaneous Polyurethane
Paint Rubber
Paper Saturated Felt Underlay (Impregnated with Asphalt or tar)
Plaster Wool
Plastics Cement, General
Rubber Portland Cement, Wet Klin
Sand Portland Cement, Semi-Wet Klin
Sealants Portland Cement, Dry Klin
Soil Portland Cement, Semi-Dry Klin
Steel Fibre Cement
Stone Portland Ash Cement
Timber Portland Slag Cement
Tin Portland Slag Cement
Vinyl Mortar (1:3) Cement:Sand mix
Zinc Mortar (1:4)
PV_Modules Mortar (1:1/2:4*1/2) Cement:Lime:Sand mix
Windows Mortar (1:1:6) Cement:Lime:Sand mix
Mortar (1:2:9) Cement:Lime:Sand mix
Soll-Cement
Ceramics, General
Fittings
Refractory products
Sanitary products
Tile
Clay, General
Tile
Vitrified clay pipe DN 100 & DN 150
Vitrified clay pipe DN 200 & DN 300
Vitrified clay pipe DN 500
General bricks
Facing Bricks
Limestone Bricks (1:2:4 Typical in construction of buildings
Concrete, General
under 3 storeys)
Precast Concrete
1:1:2 Cement:Sand:Aggregate (High strenght)
1:1:5:3 (used in floor slab, columns & load bearing structure)
1:2:5:5
1:3:6 (non structural mass concrete)
1:4:8
1:6
Autoclaved Aerated Blocks (AAC's)
Fibre-Reinforced
Road and Pavement
0.5% (by Area) Steel Reinforced
1% Steel Reinforced
2% Steel Reinforced
3% Steel Reinforced
Wood-wool Reinforced
Copper, general
Primary copper
From high grade scrap
from low grade scrap
Glass, general
Fibreglass (glasswool)
Toughened
Insulation, general
Cellular glass
Cellulose
Cork
Fibreglass (glasswool)
Flax (insulation)
Mineral wood
Rockwool (stonewood)
Paper wool
Woodwool (loose)
Woodwool ( Board)
Wool
Expanded Polystyrene
General purpose Polystyrene
High impact Polystyrene
Thermoformed Expanded Polystyrene
Polyurethane
Lead, general
Primary lead
Secondary Lead
If produced with zinc
Linoleum, general
Calcium Silicate Sheet
Cotton, Padding
Cotton, Fabric
Damp Proof Course/Membrane
Felt general
Roofing felt
GRP
Lime (hydrated)
mandolite
Mineal fibre tile (roofing)
Silver
Straw
Terrazzo tiles
Vicuclad
Wood stain/Varnish
General Wool
Paint, general
Paperboard (General for construction use)
Fine Paper
Wallpaper
General (Gypsum)
Plasterboard
Plastic, general
ABS
General Polyehylene
High density Polyethylene (HDPE)
LDPE Pipe
Low density Polyethylene (LDPE)
LDPE film
Nylon 6
Nylon 6,6
Polycarbonate
Polypropylene, Orientated film
Polypropylene, injection muolding
PVC general
PVC Pipe
Calendered Sheet PVC
PVC injection moulding
UPVC Film
Rubber, general
Syntetic rubber
Natural latex rubber
Sand, general
Epoxide Resin
Mastic Sealant
Phenol Formaldehyde
Urea Formaldehyde
Soil, General (Rammed Soil)
Steel, general
Bar & rod
Section
Sheet
Wire
Stainless
Stone, General
Stone Gravel/chippings
Local Granite
Imported Granite
Limestone
Marble
Marble tile
Slate
Timber, general
Glue Laminated timber
Hardboard
MDF
Particle board
Plywood
Sawn hardwood
Sawn softwood
Veneer Particleboard
Tin, general
Vinyl Flooring, general
Vinyl Composite Tiles
Zinc, general
Monocrystalline
Polycristalline
ThinFilm
1.2mx1.2m Single glazed Timber Framed Unit (not filled)
Aluminium Framed
PVC Framed
Aluminuim-Clad Timber Framed
Timber framed
Krypton Filled Add
Xenon filled add
Embodied Carbon (kgCO2/kg) Embodied Energy (MJ/kg)
0.008 0.010
8.530 154.300
9.210 167.500
8.490 153.500
8.350 150.200
0.045 2.600
0.140 2.410
? 44.700
3.710 44.000
0.200 3.000
0.850 8.200
0.049 0,7-1,01
6.070 76.670
0.990 18.600
5.795 108.450
5.690 106.500
5.100 ?
3.850 72.100
5.545 103.750
1.690 31.700
5.660 ?
0.820 4.800
0.970 6.100
0.930 4.800
0.740 3.400
0.840 3.600
2.110 10.900
0.585 3.450
0.755 4.510
0.279 2.350
0.228 1.520
0.191 1.300
0.251 1.640
0.207 1.390
0.198 1.330
0.140 0.850
0.550 11.400
0.970 20.000
0.270 5.500
1.400 29.070
0.430 9.000
0.200 3.000
0.430 6.500
0.410 6.190
0.470 7.030
0.052 7.860
0.200 3.000
0.850 8.200
0.049 0.855
0.134 0.990
0.215 2.000
0.211 1.430
0.163 1.100
0.115 0.890
0.102 0.810
0.084 0.710
0.132 0.970
0.328 3.500
0.450 7.750
0.127 1.240
0.199 1.530
0.222 1.810
0.265 2.360
0.306 2.880
? 2.080
3.780 47.500
5.570 70.000
3.980 50.000
1.390 17.500
0.770 13.500
1.350 28.000
1.016 18.450
2.606 35.000
--- 27.000
--- 2.120
0.190 4.000
1.350 28.000
1.700 39.470
1.200 16.600
1.050 16.800
0.650 20.500
--- 10.800
0.980 20.000
--- 20.900
2.500 88.600
2.700 86.400
2.800 87.400
3.400 109.200
3.000 72.100
1.290 25.000
2.530 49.000
0.520 10.000
0.960 18.600
1.130 23.300
0.009 2.000
1.280 27.100
6.780 143.150
8,28-120 120-160
0.400 41.200
3.800 75.000
8.071 100.000
1.580 9.000
1.400 63.000
2.700 37.000
6.310 128.200
0.010 0.240
0.118 1.400
2.000 70.000
5.350 50.000
0.150 3.000
6.100 80.000
1.230 24.800
1.370 28.200
1.740 36.400
0.16 1.800
0.24 2.700
2.530 80.500
3.100 95.300
1.940 83.100
1.600 76.700
2.000 84.400
1.700 78.100
1.900 89.300
5.500 120.500
6.500 138.600
6.000 112.900
2.700 99.200
3.900 115.100
2.410 77.200
2.500 67.500
2.600 68.600
2.200 95.100
2.500 69.400
3.300 101.700
4.250 120.000
1.540 67.600
0.005 0.100
5.910 139.320
? 131.140
? 88.160
1.780 59.100
0.024 0.450
1.820 24.000
1.720 19.700
1.790 22.700
1.640 20.900
2.830 36.000
6.150 51.500
0.021 0.400
0.016 0.300
0.317 5.900
0.747 13.900
0.012 0.240
0.107 2.000
0.179 3.330
0.030 0,1-1
0.476 8.650
? 11.000
1.210 24.100
0.580 11.600
0.480 9.500
0.750 15.000
0.470 7.800
0.440 7.400
1.160 23.000
1.940 37.500
2.290 65.640
? 13.700
3.200 61.900
230.500 4752.000
197.300 4067.000
63.300 1305.000
13.880 286.000
265.400 5470.000
112.150 2310.500
58.500 1205.500
17.395 358.500
24.650 508.000
218.320 4500.000

Simplified LCA Materials - Edith Colomba 2006

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System ENEA - Comparaison per m2

Fibers Carbon fibre I

Carbon fibre I;Peebles, L.H., Carbon fibers:formation,structure and properties. Boca Ro

Bricks Light clay brick, at plant/DE S

Bricks Light clay brick, at plant/DE S

Overall impact Eco-Indicator 99

E-I Transport Impact E-I Material Impact EPS Tran

System ENEA - Comparaison per quantity (kg)

3 Impact Tranport E-I

3 Impact Tranport E-I

System ENEA - Energy and solar supplies

Photovoltaic Electricity 100kWp sound absorbing wall S

Electricity 100kWp sound absorbing wall S;Electricity from 100kWp SSW-

Total impact - E-I

formation,structure and properties. Boca Rotan: CRC Press Inc., 1995.

Specific weight kind of

Specific weight kind of

Overall impact EPS 2000

EPS Transport Impact EPS Material Impact

me: Grundputz, ab Werk;Included

Comparaison EPS 2000

Electricity from 100kWp SSW-

Total impact - Impact 2000

transport km CASE 2 - Materials Impact (overall)

Transport, lorry 16t/CH S 26 Eco-Indicator 99 12.89548

Overall impact IMPACT 2000

I-2000 Transport Impact I-2000 Material Impact

MATERIAL IMPACT (total)

Eco-indicator 99 EPS 2000

Comparaison Impact 2002

Energy and supply IMPACT (total)

Eco-indicator 99 EPS 2000

Total impact - EPS

E-I Material Impact 7.7162 EPS Material Impact

CASE 2 E-I - Impact overall CASE 2 EPS - Impact overall

E-I Material Impact 12.89548 EPS Material Impact

Impact 2002 Eco-indicator 99 EPS 2000 Impact 2002

0.000773 0.103 0.253 0.0003655

Comparaison Cost £/quantity

30.521875 I-2000 Material Impact 0.0135295 12

EPS - Impact overall CASE 2 I-2000 - Impact overall COST per kg

33.341375 I-2000 Material Impact 0.03362933 12

Binders Blast furnace slag cement, at plant/CH S

Rail Transport, freight, rail/RER S

0.0129 0.0146 0.265 0.269 0.0000773

Eco-Indicator 99 EPS 2000 Impact 2002 Description

Eco-Indicator 99 EPS 2000 Impact 2002 Description

0.0000835 Riciclo materiali edili (con macchinari)(corretto)

Blast furnace slag cement, at plant/CH S;Translated name: Hochofenzement, ab

Insulation1 General bricks

Embodied Carbon (kgCo2)

500 Embodied Carbon (kgCo2

Embodied Carbon (kgCo2/kg)

Specific weight Embodied Carbon

MATERIALS IMPACT (per kg)

Specific weight Embodied Carbon

Embodied Carbon (kgCo2) 2500

Embodied Energy (MJ/kg) Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) Embodied Energy (MJ)

4.8 369 2160

MATERIALS IMPACT (per kg) MATERIALS IMPACT (total)

Embodied Energy (MJ/kg) Embodied Carbon (kgCO2) Embodied Energy (MJ)

4.8 209.25 1080

Embodied energy (MJ)