Ch-13:Nuclei

Lect 04
 Today’s Goal
+
𝜷 Decay,Electron Capture

𝜸 Decay

Law of Radioactivity
𝜷⊕decay: →positron emission (+1oe) (+1o𝜷)
# Electron Capture – In heavy Nuclei
𝜸-Decay: Electromagnetic Wave
a) X 214
83
b) X 218
84
c) X 220
84
d) X 223
87
Q) A radioactive nucleus undergoes a series of decays
according to the scheme:
𝜶 𝜷 𝜶 𝜸
𝑨 → 𝑨𝟏 → 𝑨𝟐 → 𝑨𝟑 → 𝑨𝟒
If the mass number and Atomic number of A are 180 and 72
respectively, what are these numbers for A4 ?

a) 176,68
b) 179,62
c) 170,67
d) 172,69
a) 4,4
b) 4,6
c) 6,4
d) 6,6
a) Carbon
b) Aluminium
c) Oxygen
d) Magnesium
Comparison of 𝜶, 𝜷 & 𝜸 particle
Electrical Nature of the radioactive radiation
1. A component which could hardly pass through 0.1
cm thick aluminium foil, called 𝜶-rays .

2. A component which was stopped by 5mm thick

aluminium sheet, called 𝛃-rays .

3. A component which could pass through even 30 cm

thickness of an iron piece,called 𝛄-rays .
Deflection of 𝜶, 𝜷, 𝜸 in Electric Field
Deflection of 𝜶, 𝜷, 𝜸 in Magnetic Field
 Law of
RadioActive
Decay
1. Radioactive decay is a random process.

2. It is impossible to predict when a particular nucleus

will decay.So study of individual nucleus decay is
not possible.

3. Rutherford & Soddy conducted experimental study

of decay of various radioactive nuclei and gave a
statistical Law:-
“When there is a large number of nuclei in a
sample, the rate of decay is directly proportional
to the number of nuclei that are
present(undecayed)”
 Web Version of PW App : https://physicswallah.live/

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