LINUX SERVER ADMINISTRATION 2019

By: Kevin Brown on UDEMY

Discord chanel: https://discord.com/invite/TeFg9HrZ46

Linux command : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WJyjAfRmdgFbZq-
ii5HKGQepjDMFpixf/view

1. Environment Set Up

 LINUX versions & uses

- LINUX for SERVERS: Rocky, redhat, alma, Ubuntu
- LINUX for LAPTOPS: Pop OS, linux Mint
- LINUX for EMBEDDED SYS: OpenWRT
- Server Clusters: rockcluster

 Post Installation
Action command
Update every app & “ sudo apt full -
services upgrade”
Internet tools - “ sudo apt install
net-tools”

Install ssh server ”openssh-server”

Apropos “cmnd name ” Provides manual &

hlp
 - , “ sudo apt update” and “ sudo apt full -upgrade”
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2. Special commands

“”  disk management,
Command Name usage options
df Disk management
-- help Info about a command
man Provide manual on
command usage

“” 

3. The Terminal in Depth

 Command structure and format

- Command-name, options, arguments
- “man” provides the manual of how to use a certain
command eg.
 TAB button
 - Press TAB once, after typing commands first letters
to auto complete
- Press TAB TAB after typing commands first letters to
to see all option
- Use “history” command to view list of commands
ran, $HISTFILESIZE stores the commands, stored in
the “.bash_history” file
 Terminal ShortCuts
Key Usage
Ctrl + a Move cursor to end
Ctrl + e Move cursor to begin
Ctrl + u Clear line
Ctrl + c Stop process
Ctrl + z Sleeping a process

 Bash history command

- Add a space infront of a command to run but to not
have it saved in the history file(for hackers, hiding
traces)=> “ who” instead of “who” command
- Use $HISTCONTROL to set bash to ignore “spaces”
during cmmnd execution so that they are recorded
in the history
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 Root
  “ sudo su -” to switch to admin privileged account

4. The FILE SYTEM

 File systems

- FAT(file allocation table, universal format, no

security,
- NTFS ( new tech FS, default system, auditing,
security, compression )
- ReFS (resilient file sys, error correction, larger
files,dir & volumes)
 Sharing Permissions on folders
- On a shared folder,The folder perms take
precedence over the NTFS perms,  the least of the
two permissions assigned takes preference over the
other
- Best practice on a shared folder is to give “ full
control” on sharing permissions and thenthe
appropriate NTFS instruction
- (rightclick->properties->sharing)
- Full Control(all permissions + plus changing others
permissions )
- Read – read & execute
- Change- modify
- To modify each permission, you can go into
advanced settings (special permisions)
- Sub folders INHERIT permissions by default
(Advanced permissions, disable inheritance)

 File Server Resource Manager

- Install a ROLE (file & storage service-> ISCI -> FSRM)
- Can set quotas per folder, (hard or soft)
- Quota notifications if threshold reached
- Report generators
- File SCREEN (block files based on file extension
 Disk Management
- Basic disk => contains partitions
- Dynamic disk => have volume, that contain disks (up
to 32 disk)
- Importance of dynamic disk is that they can be
aggregated
- PERFORMANCE => striped or spanned volume
RAID 0, 1
- FAULT TOLERANCE => Mirrored volume(meant for
OS), RAID5, 
 Storage Pools
- Svr manger->file & Storage-> create pool{ from pool
you can now create virtual disks
- Pool > Disk > volume
- They can be build using different types of disks, (SSD
HDD)
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 DeDuplication

- Helps for back up and restore

- Use Deduplication Evaluation Tool (install role->file
& storage->expand->enable, configure )
- Select a disk to enable
- “ddpeval” commnd used to evaluate

 Distributed File system (sort of a shared folder)

- Installation same as DDup
- Domain based (can intergrade Active Directory
- standalone namespaces (install DFS role,
- Folder dynamic replication (sharing, data collection
& distribution,
- DFS Management is found under SVR mngr->tools
once installed
- Namespace: take file from different servers , make
them appear as if they are in 1 server in a
hierarchical view
 Azure Sync
- integration by adding a storage account (Basically
Create a mapped Drive)
- Paste azure script in power shell
- Create sync group, and add a file share to it
- Download storage sync Agent to the server

5. Virtualization HYPER V

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6. Virtual MACHINES

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7. Storage networks

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8. RECOVERY

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9. Implementing WSUS

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10. Implementing VPN

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11. FIREWALL (uncomplicated firewall )

 BASIC COMMANDS

- “ufw COMMAND” => list all available commands

- “apt install ufw” ==>
- ‘ufw status verbose” ==>
- “ufw enable”, ufw disable”
- “ufw default deny incoming”
- “ufw default allow ingoing”
- “ufw allow ssh”
- “ufw allow 22” => open port 22
- “ufw delete allow ssh” => remove the rule that
allowed
- “ufw allow from 192.53.124.115 to any port 22”
- “ufw allow from 172.31.4.2” => allow specific IP
- “sudo ufw logging on 
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 TASK USING OTHER LIBRARIES
- “sudo netstat -tuln | grep :22”  check service
running on 22
- sudo ss -tuln | grep :22”  check service running on
22
- “sudo lsof -i :80”  lists processes

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